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Gu H, Qin J, Wen J, Lin Y, Jia X, Wang W, Yin H. Unveiling the structural properties and induced resistance activity in rice of Chitin/Chitosan-Glucan Complex of Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA inner cell wall. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122149. [PMID: 38710571 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Phytopathogen cell wall polysaccharides have important physiological functions. In this study, we isolated and characterized the alkali-insoluble residue on the inner layers of the Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA cell wall (RsCW-AIR). Through chemical composition and structural analysis, RsCW-AIR was mainly identified as a complex of chitin/chitosan and glucan (ChCsGC), with glucose and glucosamine were present in a molar ratio of 2.7:1.0. The predominant glycosidic bond linkage of glucan in ChCsGC was β-1,3-linked Glcp, both the α and β-polymorphic forms of chitin were presented in it by IR, XRD, and solid-state NMR, and the ChCsGC exhibited a degree of deacetylation measuring 67.08 %. RsCW-AIR pretreatment effectively reduced the incidence of rice sheath blight, and its induced resistance activity in rice was evaluated, such as inducing a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, leading to the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) and the up-regulation of SA-related gene expression. The recognition of RsCW-AIR in rice is partially dependent on CERK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gu
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinxuan Wen
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yudie Lin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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2
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Gan P, Tang C, Lu Y, Ren C, Nasab HR, Kun X, Wang X, Li L, Kang Z, Wang X, Wang J. Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals molecular pathway network in wheat resistance to stripe rust. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:32. [PMID: 38945963 PMCID: PMC11214938 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation plays an important role in immune signaling transduction in plant resistance to pathogens. Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), severely devastates wheat production. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanism of wheat resistance to stripe rust remains limited. In this study, quantitative phosphoproteomics was employed to investigate the protein phosphorylation changes in wheat challenged by Pst. A total of 1537 and 2470 differentially accumulated phosphoproteins (DAPs) were identified from four early infection stage (6, 12, 18 and 24 h post-inoculation) in incompatible and compatible wheat-Pst interactions respectively. KEGG analysis revealed that Oxidative Phosphorylation, Phosphatidylinositol Signaling, and MAPK signaling processes are distinctively enriched in incompatible interaction, while Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and RNA degradation process were significantly enriched in compatible interactions. In particular, abundant changes in phosphorylation levels of chloroplast proteins were identified, suggesting the regulatory role of photosynthesis in wheat-Pst interaction, which is further emphasized by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Motif-x analysis identified [xxxxSPxxxx] motif, likely phosphorylation sites for defensive response-related kinases, and a new [xxxxSSxxxx] motif significantly enriched in incompatible interaction. The results shed light on the early phosphorylation events contributing to wheat resistance against Pst. Moreover, our study demonstrated that the phosphorylation levels of Nucleoside diphosphate kinase TaNAPK1 are upregulated at 12 hpi with CYR23 and at 24 hpi with CYR31. Transient silencing of TaNAPK1 was able to attenuate wheat resistance to CYR23 and CYR31. Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying Pst-wheat interactions and may provide database to find potential targets for the development of new resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunlei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830049, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chenrong Ren
- Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830049, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hojjatollah Rabbani Nasab
- Plant Protection Research Department,Agricultural and Natural Resource Research and Education Center of Golestan, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
| | - Xufeng Kun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liangzhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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3
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Hudson A, Mullens A, Hind S, Jamann T, Balint-Kurti P. Natural variation in the pattern-triggered immunity response in plants: Investigations, implications and applications. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13445. [PMID: 38528659 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) response is triggered at the plant cell surface by the recognition of microbe-derived molecules known as microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns or molecules derived from compromised host cells called damage-associated molecular patterns. Membrane-localized receptor proteins, known as pattern recognition receptors, are responsible for this recognition. Although much of the machinery of PTI is conserved, natural variation for the PTI response exists within and across species with respect to the components responsible for pattern recognition, activation of the response, and the strength of the response induced. This review describes what is known about this variation. We discuss how variation in the PTI response can be measured and how this knowledge might be utilized in the control of plant disease and in developing plant varieties with enhanced disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Hudson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander Mullens
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Hind
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Tiffany Jamann
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter Balint-Kurti
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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4
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Cabre L, Jing L, Makechemu M, Heluin K, El Khamlichi S, Leprince J, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Pluchon S, Mollet JC, Zipfel C, Nguema-Ona E. Additive and Specific Effects of Elicitor Treatments on the Metabolic Profile of Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:112-126. [PMID: 37903461 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-23-0051-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Several elicitors of plant defense have been identified and numerous efforts to use them in the field have been made. Exogenous elicitor treatments mimic the in planta activation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which relies on the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as bacterial flg22 or fungal chitins. Early transcriptional responses to distinct PAMPs are mostly overlapping, regardless of the elicitor being used. However, it remains poorly known if the same patterns are observed for metabolites and proteins produced later during PTI. In addition, little is known about the impact of a combination of elicitors on PTI and the level of induced resistance to pathogens. Here, we monitored Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto DC3000) following application of flg22 and chitosan elicitors, used individually or in combination. A slight, but not statistically significant increase in induced resistance was observed when the elicitors were applied together when compared with individual treatments. We investigated the effect of these treatments on the metabolome by using an untargeted analysis. We found that the combination of flg22 and chitosan impacted a higher number of metabolites and deregulated specific metabolic pathways compared with the elicitors individually. These results contribute to a better understanding of plant responses to elicitors, which might help better rationalize their use in the field. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Cabre
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation-Groupe Roullier (CMI-Roullier), Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Saint Malo, F-35400, France
| | - Lun Jing
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation-Groupe Roullier (CMI-Roullier), Plateforme de Chimie et Bio-Analyse, Saint Malo, F-35400, France
| | - Moffat Makechemu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kylhan Heluin
- Université de Rouen Normandie, GLYCOMEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, RMT BESTIM, GDR Chémobiologie, IRIB, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sarah El Khamlichi
- Université de Rouen Normandie, GLYCOMEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, RMT BESTIM, GDR Chémobiologie, IRIB, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Université de Rouen Normandie, CNRS, INSERM, HERACLES US 51 UAR 2026, PRIMACEN, IRIB, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Christine Kiefer-Meyer
- Université de Rouen Normandie, GLYCOMEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, RMT BESTIM, GDR Chémobiologie, IRIB, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation-Groupe Roullier (CMI-Roullier), Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Saint Malo, F-35400, France
| | - Jean-Claude Mollet
- Université de Rouen Normandie, GLYCOMEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, RMT BESTIM, GDR Chémobiologie, IRIB, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH Norwich, U.K
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation-Groupe Roullier (CMI-Roullier), Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Saint Malo, F-35400, France
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Meng F, Zheng X, Wang J, Qiu T, Yang Q, Fang K, Bhadauria V, Peng Y, Zhao W. The GRAS protein OsDLA involves in brassinosteroid signalling and positively regulates blast resistance by forming a module with GSK2 and OsWRKY53 in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:363-378. [PMID: 37794842 PMCID: PMC10826986 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in shaping the architecture of rice (Oryza sativa) plants. However, the regulatory mechanism of BR signalling in rice immunity remains largely unexplored. Here we identify a rice mutant dla, which exhibits decreased leaf angles and is insensitive to 24-epiBL (a highly active synthetic BR), resembling the BR-deficient phenotype. The dla mutation caused by a T-DNA insertion in the OsDLA gene leads to downregulation of the causative gene. The OsDLA knockout plants display reduced leaf angles and less sensitivity to 24-epiBL. In addition, both dla mutant and OsDLA knockout plants are more susceptible to rice blast compared to the wild type. OsDLA is a GRAS transcription factor and interacts with the BR signalling core negative regulator, GSK2. GSK2 phosphorylates OsDLA for degradation via the 26S proteasome. The GSK2 RNAi line exhibits enhanced rice blast resistance, while the overexpression lines thereof show susceptibility to rice blast. Furthermore, we show that OsDLA interacts with and stabilizes the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY53, which has been demonstrated to positively regulate BR signalling and blast resistance. OsWRKY53 directly binds the promoter of PBZ1 and activates its expression, and this activation can be enhanced by OsDLA. Together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism whereby the GSK2-OsDLA-OsWRKY53 module coordinates blast resistance and plant architecture via BR signalling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwei Meng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunmei Zheng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tiancheng Qiu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingya Yang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kexing Fang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Vijai Bhadauria
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - You‐Liang Peng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant PathologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant BiosecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural UniversitySanyaChina
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6
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Sharma A, Choudhary P, Chakdar H, Shukla P. Molecular insights and omics-based understanding of plant-microbe interactions under drought stress. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:42. [PMID: 38105277 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of adverse environmental conditions are always challenging and remain a major concern for plant development and production worldwide. Plants deal with such constraints by physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptations as well as acquiring mutual support of beneficial microorganisms. As many stress-responsive traits of plants are influenced by microbial activities, plants have developed a sophisticated interaction with microbes to cope with adverse environmental conditions. The production of numerous bioactive metabolites by rhizospheric, endo-, or epiphytic microorganisms can directly or indirectly alter the root system architecture, foliage production, and defense responses. Although plant-microbe interactions have been shown to improve nutrient uptake and stress resilience in plants, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. "Multi-omics" application supported by genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics has been quite useful to investigate and understand the biochemical, physiological, and molecular aspects of plant-microbe interactions under drought stress conditions. The present review explores various microbe-mediated mechanisms for drought stress resilience in plants. In addition, plant adaptation to drought stress is discussed, and insights into the latest molecular techniques and approaches available to improve drought-stress resilience are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sharma
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Prassan Choudhary
- Microbial Technology Unit II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Hillol Chakdar
- Microbial Technology Unit II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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7
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Bajpe H, Rychel K, Lamoureux CR, Sastry AV, Palsson BO. Machine learning uncovers the Pseudomonas syringae transcriptome in microbial communities and during infection. mSystems 2023; 8:e0043723. [PMID: 37638727 PMCID: PMC10654099 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00437-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 is a model plant pathogen that infects tomatoes and Arabidopsis thaliana. The current understanding of global transcriptional regulation in the pathogen is limited. Here, we applied iModulon analysis to a compendium of RNA-seq data to unravel its transcriptional regulatory network. We characterize each co-regulated gene set, revealing the activity of major regulators across diverse conditions. We provide new insights on the transcriptional dynamics in interactions with the plant immune system and with other bacterial species, such as AlgU-dependent regulation of flagellar genes during plant infection and downregulation of siderophore production in the presence of a siderophore cheater. This study demonstrates the novel application of iModulons in studying temporal dynamics during host-pathogen and microbe-microbe interactions, and reveals specific insights of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heera Bajpe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kevin Rychel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cameron R. Lamoureux
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anand V. Sastry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bernhard O. Palsson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Jiang J, Xie X, Li X. Acetyl-Proteomic Profiling of Sorghum bicolor Seedlings after Chitin Treatment Reveals the Involvement of Acetylated Chlorophyll a/b Binding Proteins in the Innate Immune Response. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37384550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) is affected by post-translational modifications, but the role of acetylation in the PTI responses of Sorghum bicolor remains unclear. In this study, a comprehensive acetyl-proteomic analysis was performed on sorghum seedlings treated with chitin based on label-free protein quantification. Chitin rapidly induced 15 PTI-related genes and 5 defense enzymes. Acetylation was upregulated in sorghum after the chitin treatment, and 579, 895, and 929 acetylated proteins, peptides, and sites, respectively, were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Acetylation and expression of chlorophyll a/b binding proteins (Lhcs) were significantly upregulated, and they were localized in chloroplasts. Additionally, we found that the expression of Lhcs in vivo enhanced chitin-mediated acetylation. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive assessment of the lysine acetylome in sorghum and a foundation for future study into the regulatory mechanisms of acetylation during chlorophyll synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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9
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Wang R, Wang Y, Yao W, Ge W, Jiang T, Zhou B. Transcriptome Sequencing and WGCNA Reveal Key Genes in Response to Leaf Blight in Poplar. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10047. [PMID: 37373194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf blight is a fungal disease that mainly affects the growth and development of leaves in plants. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of leaf blight defense in poplar, we performed RNA-Seq and enzyme activity assays on the Populus simonii × Populus nigra leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternate fungus. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we obtained co-expression gene modules significantly associated with SOD and POD activities, containing 183 and 275 genes, respectively. We then constructed a co-expression network of poplar genes related to leaf blight resistance based on weight values. Additionally, we identified hub transcription factors (TFs) and structural genes in the network. The network was dominated by 15 TFs, and four out of them, including ATWRKY75, ANAC062, ATMYB23 and ATEBP, had high connectivity in the network, which might play important functions in leaf blight defense. In addition, GO enrichment analysis revealed a total of 44 structural genes involved in biotic stress, resistance, cell wall and immune-related biological processes in the network. Among them, there were 16 highly linked structural genes in the central part, which may be directly involved in poplar resistance to leaf blight. The study explores key genes associated with leaf blight defense in poplar, which further gains an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of biotic stress response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenjing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wengong Ge
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Boru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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10
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Fang Y, Zhou B, Guo Y, Jiang J, Li X, Xie X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the core molecular network in pattern-triggered immunity in Sorghum bicolor. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124834. [PMID: 37207754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) is the first line of defense in plant disease resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms of plant PTI vary across species, making it challenging to identify a core set of trait-associated genes. This study aimed to investigate key factors that influence PTI and identify the core molecular network in Sorghum bicolor, a C4 plant. We performed comprehensive weighted gene co-expression network analysis and temporal expression analysis of large-scale transcriptome data from various sorghum cultivars under different PAMP treatments. Our results revealed that the type of PAMP had a stronger influence on the PTI network than did the sorghum cultivar. Following PAMP treatment, 30 genes with stable downregulated expression and 158 genes with stable upregulated expression were identified, including genes encoding potential pattern recognition receptors whose expression was upregulated within 1 h of treatment. PAMP treatment altered the expression of resistance-related, signaling, salt-sensitive, heavy metal-related, and transporter genes. These findings provide novel insights into the core genes involved in plant PTI and are expected to facilitate the identification and application of resistance genes in plant breeding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Yushan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Junmei Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
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Ma L, Ma S, Chen G, Lu X, Wei R, Xu L, Feng X, Yang X, Chai Q, Zhang X, Li S. New insights into the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles in pea (Pisum sativum L.) from soil bacterial communities, root metabolism and gene transcription. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:226. [PMID: 37106450 PMCID: PMC10141910 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous cropping is a significant obstacle to sustainable development in the pea (Pisum sativum L.) industry, but the underlying mechanisms of this remain unclear. In this study, we used 16 S rDNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to analyze the response mechanism of roots and soil bacteria to continuous cropping and the relationship between soil bacteria and root phenotypes of different pea genotypes (Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8). RESULTS Continuous cropping inhibited pea growth, with a greater effect on Ding wan 10 than Yun wan 8. Metabolomics showed that the number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in pea roots increased with the number of continuous cropping, and more metabolic pathways were involved. Transcriptomics revealed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) increased with the number of continuous cropping. Continuous cropping altered the expression of genes involved in plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signal transduction, and lignin synthesis pathways in pea roots, with more DEGs in Ding wan 10 than in Yun wan 8. The up-regulated expression of genes in the ethylene signal transduction pathway was evident in Ding wan 10. Soil bacterial diversity did not change, but the relative abundance of bacteria significantly responded to continuous cropping. Integrative analysis showed that the bacteria with significant relative abundance in the soil were strongly associated with the antioxidant synthesis and linoleic acid metabolism pathway of pea roots under continuous cropping once. Under continuous cropping twice, the bacteria with significant relative abundance changes were strongly associated with cysteine and methionine metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, linoleic acid, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. CONCLUSION Ding wan 10 was more sensitive to continuous cropping than Yun wan 8. Continuous cropping times and pea genotypes determined the differences in root metabolic pathways. There were common metabolic pathways in the two pea genotypes in response to continuous cropping, and the DEGs and DAMs in these metabolic pathways were strongly associated with the bacteria with significant changes in relative abundance in the soil. This study provides new insights into obstacles to continuous cropping in peas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Ma
- Basic Experimental Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Guiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu Lu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Ruonan Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Xiaojie Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Qiang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xucheng Zhang
- Dryland Agricultural Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
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12
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Wei L, Wang D, Gupta R, Kim ST, Wang Y. A Proteomics Insight into Advancements in the Rice-Microbe Interaction. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12051079. [PMID: 36903938 PMCID: PMC10005616 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most-consumed foods worldwide. However, the productivity and quality of rice grains are severely constrained by pathogenic microbes. Over the last few decades, proteomics tools have been applied to investigate the protein level changes during rice-microbe interactions, leading to the identification of several proteins involved in disease resistance. Plants have developed a multi-layered immune system to suppress the invasion and infection of pathogens. Therefore, targeting the proteins and pathways associated with the host's innate immune response is an efficient strategy for developing stress-resistant crops. In this review, we discuss the progress made thus far with respect to rice-microbe interactions from side views of the proteome. Genetic evidence associated with pathogen-resistance-related proteins is also presented, and challenges and future perspectives are highlighted in order to understand the complexity of rice-microbe interactions and to develop disease-resistant crops in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dacheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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13
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Wu X, Liu H, Lian B, Jiang X, Chen C, Tang T, Ding X, Hu J, Zhao S, Zhang S, Wu J. Genome-wide analysis of epigenetic and transcriptional changes in the pathogenesis of RGSV in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1090794. [PMID: 36714706 PMCID: PMC9874293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1090794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV), a typical negative single-stranded RNA virus, invades rice and generates several disease signs, including dwarfing, tillering, and sterility. Previous research has revealed that RGSV-encoded proteins can force the host's ubiquitin-proteasome system to utilize them for viral pathogenesis. However, most of the studies were limited to a single omics level and lacked multidimensional data collection and correlation analysis on the mechanisms of RGSV-rice interactions. Here, we performed a comprehensive association analysis of genome-wide methylation sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, and histone H3K9me3 modification in RGSV-infested as well as non-infested rice leaves, and the levels of all three cytosine contexts (CG, CHG and CHH) were found to be slightly lower in RGSV-infected rice leaves than in normal rice. Large proportions of DMRs were distributed in the promoter and intergenic regions, and most DMRs were enriched in the CHH context, where the number of CHH hypo-DMRs was almost twice as high as that of hyper-DMRs. Among the genes with down-regulated expression and hypermethylation, we analyzed and identified 11 transcripts involved in fertility, plant height and tillering, and among the transcribed up-regulated and hypermethylated genes, we excavated 7 transcripts related to fertility, plant height and tillering. By analyzing the changes of histone H3K9me3 modification before and after virus infestation, we found that the distribution of H3K9me3 modification in the whole rice genome was prevalent, mainly concentrated in the gene promoter and gene body regions, which was distinctly different from the characteristics of animals. Combined with transcriptomic data, H3K9me3 mark was found to favor targeting highly expressed genes. After RGSV infection, H3K9me3 modifications in several regions of CTK and BR hormone signaling-related genes were altered, providing important targets for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wu
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bi Lian
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Tang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinlun Ding
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Saldanha LL, Allard PM, Dilarri G, Codesido S, González-Ruiz V, Queiroz EF, Ferreira H, Wolfender JL. Metabolomic- and Molecular Networking-Based Exploration of the Chemical Responses Induced in Citrus sinensis Leaves Inoculated with Xanthomonas citri. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14693-14705. [PMID: 36350271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri), is a plant disease affecting Citrus crops worldwide. However, little is known about defense compounds in Citrus. Here, we conducted a mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach to obtain an overview of the chemical responses of Citrus leaves to X. citri infection. To facilitate result interpretation, the multivariate analyses were combined with molecular networking to identify biomarkers. Metabolite variations among untreated and X. citri-inoculated Citrus samples under greenhouse conditions highlighted induced defense biomarkers. Notably, the plant tryptophan metabolism pathway was activated, leading to the accumulation of N-methylated tryptamine derivatives. This finding was subsequently confirmed in symptomatic leaves in the field. Several tryptamine derivatives showed inhibitory effects in vitro against X. citri. This approach has enabled the identification of new chemically related biomarker groups and their dynamics in the response of Citrus leaves to Xanthomonas infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Leonardo Saldanha
- Biochemistry Building, Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, State University of São Paulo, Rio Claro, 13506-900 São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Departement of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Guilherme Dilarri
- Biochemistry Building, Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, State University of São Paulo, Rio Claro, 13506-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Santiago Codesido
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Henrique Ferreira
- Biochemistry Building, Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, State University of São Paulo, Rio Claro, 13506-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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15
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Guichard B, Wu H, La Camera S, Hu R, Marivingt‐Mounir C, Chollet J. Synthesis, phloem mobility and induced plant resistance of synthetic salicylic acid amino acid or glucose conjugates. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4913-4928. [PMID: 36054797 PMCID: PMC9804902 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing demand for food, combined with a strong social expectation for a diet produced with fewer conventional agrochemical inputs, has led to the development of new alternatives in plant protection worldwide. Among different possibilities, the stimulation of the plant innate immune system by chemicals represents a novel and promising way. The vectorization strategy of an active ingredient that we previously developed with fungicides can potentially extend to salicylic acid (SA) or its halogenated analogues. RESULTS Using the click chemistry method, six new conjugates combining SA or two mono- or di-halogenated analogues with L-glutamic acid or β-D-glucose via a 1,2,3-triazole nucleus have been synthesized. Conjugate 8a, which is derived from SA and glutamic acid, showed high phloem mobility in the Ricinus model, similar to that of SA alone despite a much higher steric hindrance. In vivo bioassays of the six conjugates against two maize pathogenic fungi Bipolaris maydis and Fusarium graminearum revealed that, unlike SA, the amino acid conjugate 8a with good phloem mobility exerted a protective effect not only locally at the application site, but also in distant stem tissues after foliar application. Moreover, compounds 8a and 8b induced up-regulation of both defense-related genes ZmNPR1 and ZmPR1 similar to their parent compounds upon challenge inoculation with B. maydis. CONCLUSION The vectorization of salicylic acid or its halogenated derivatives by coupling them with an α-amino acid can be a promising strategy to stimulate SA-mediated plant defenses responses against pathogens outside the application site. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Guichard
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 7285Université de PoitiersPoitiersFrance
| | - Hanxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sylvain La Camera
- Laboratoire Écologie & Biologie des Interactions, Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 7267Université de PoitiersPoitiersFrance
| | - Richa Hu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
| | - Cécile Marivingt‐Mounir
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 7285Université de PoitiersPoitiersFrance
| | - Jean‐François Chollet
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS 7285Université de PoitiersPoitiersFrance
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16
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Huang Y, Ma H, Yue Y, Zhou T, Zhu Z, Wang C. Integrated transcriptomic and transgenic analyses reveal potential mechanisms of poplar resistance to Alternaria alternata infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:413. [PMID: 36008749 PMCID: PMC9404672 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Populus davidiana × P. bollena is a species of poplar from northeastern China that is characterized by cold resistance and fast growth but now suffers from pathogen infections. Leaf blight caused by Alternaria alternata has become a common poplar disease that causes serious economic impacts, but the molecular mechanisms of resistance to A. alternata in P. davidiana × P. bollena are still unclear. RESULTS In this study, the transcriptomic response of P. davidiana × P. bollena to A. alternata infection was determined via RNA-Seq. Twelve cDNA libraries were generated from RNA isolated from three biological replicates at four time points (0, 2, 3, and 4 d post inoculation), and a total of 5,930 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected (| log2 fold change |≥ 1 and FDR values < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched for the "plant hormone signal transduction" pathway, followed by the "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis" pathway. In addition, DEGs that encode defense-related proteins and are related to ROS metabolism were also identified. Numerous transcription factors, such as the bHLH, WRKY and MYB families, were also induced by A. alternata infection. Among these DEGs, those related to JA biosynthesis and JA signal transduction were consistently activated. Therefore, the lipoxygenase gene PdbLOX2, which is involved in JA biosynthesis, was selected for functional characterization. Overexpression of PdbLOX2 enhanced the resistance of P. davidiana × P. bollena to A. alternata, whereas silencing this gene enhanced susceptibility to A. alternata infection. CONCLUSIONS These results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of poplar resistance to A. alternata infection and provide candidate genes for breeding resistant cultivars using genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Huijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Yuanzhi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Tianchang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040 China
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17
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Tang B, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Xu Y, Wang L, Chen XL, Wang W. Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals a Regulatory Network of ZmCCT During Maize Resistance to Gibberella Stalk Rot at the Early Stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:917493. [PMID: 35812937 PMCID: PMC9260664 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.917493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gibberella stalk rot (GSR) caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most devastating diseases in maize; however, the regulatory mechanism of resistance to GSR remains largely unknown. We performed a comparative multi-omics analysis to reveal the early-stage resistance of maize to GSR. We inoculated F. graminearum to the roots of susceptible (Y331) and resistant (Y331-ΔTE) near-isogenic lines containing GSR-resistant gene ZmCCT for multi-omics analysis. Transcriptome detected a rapid reaction that confers resistance at 1-3 hpi as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) response to GSR. Many key properties were involved in GSR resistance, including genes in photoperiod and hormone pathways of salicylic acid and auxin. The activation of programmed cell death-related genes and a number of metabolic pathways at 6 hpi might be important to prevent further colonization. This is consistent with an integrative analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics that resistant-mediated gene expression reprogramming exhibited a dynamic pattern from 3 to 6 hpi. Further metabolomics analysis revealed that the amount of many chemical compounds was altered in pathways associated with the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the phenylalanine metabolism, which may play key roles to confer the GSR resistance. Taken together, we generated a valuable resource to interpret the defense mechanism during early GSR resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozeng Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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18
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Transcriptional regulation of plant innate immunity. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:607-620. [PMID: 35726519 PMCID: PMC9528082 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional reprogramming is an integral part of plant immunity. Tight regulation of the immune transcriptome is essential for a proper response of plants to different types of pathogens. Consequently, transcriptional regulators are proven targets of pathogens to enhance their virulence. The plant immune transcriptome is regulated by many different, interconnected mechanisms that can determine the rate at which genes are transcribed. These include intracellular calcium signaling, modulation of the redox state, post-translational modifications of transcriptional regulators, histone modifications, DNA methylation, modulation of RNA polymerases, alternative transcription inititation, the Mediator complex and regulation by non-coding RNAs. In addition, on their journey from transcription to translation, mRNAs are further modulated through mechanisms such as nuclear RNA retention, storage of mRNA in stress granules and P-bodies, and post-transcriptional gene silencing. In this review, we highlight the latest insights into these mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss some emerging technologies that promise to greatly enhance our understanding of the regulation of the plant immune transcriptome in the future.
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