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Chang YH, Chen HJ, Barquero C, Tsai HJ, Liang WK, Hsu CH, Muggleton NG, Wang CA. Linking tonic and phasic pupil responses to P300 amplitude in an emotional face-word Stroop task. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14479. [PMID: 37920144 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, which regulates arousal levels, is important for cognitive control, including emotional conflict resolution. Additionally, the LC-NE system is implicated in P300 generation. If the P300 is mediated by the LC-NE system, and considering the established correlations between LC activity and pupil dilation, P300 amplitude should correlate with task-evoked (phasic) pupil dilation on a trial-by-trial basis. However, prior studies, predominantly utilizing oddball-type paradigms, have not demonstrated correlations between concurrently recorded task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 responses. Using a recently developed emotional face-word Stroop task that links pupil dilation to the LC-NE system, here, we examined both intra- and inter-individual correlations between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude. We found that lower accuracy, slower reaction times, and larger task-evoked pupil dilation were obtained in the incongruent compared to the congruent condition. Furthermore, we observed intra-individual correlations between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude, with larger pupil dilation correlating with a greater P300 amplitude. In contrast, pupil dilation did not exhibit consistent correlations with N450 and N170 amplitudes. Baseline (tonic) pupil size also showed correlations with P300 and N170 amplitudes, with smaller pupil size corresponding to larger amplitude. Moreover, inter-individual differences in task-evoked pupil dilation between the congruent and incongruent conditions correlated with differences in reaction time and P300 amplitude, though these effects only approached significance. To summarize, our study provides evidence for a connection between task-evoked pupil dilation and P300 amplitude at the single-trial level, suggesting the involvement of the LC-NE system in P300 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - He-Jun Chen
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cesar Barquero
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Hsu Jung Tsai
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kuang Liang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Hsu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Neil G Muggleton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Wang
- Eye-Tracking Laboratory, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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2
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Hedrick MJ, Bonnagio T, Sellers EW, Clements AD. The cognitive tasks and event-related potentials associated childhood adversity: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105573. [PMID: 38331129 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In this systematic review, 18 articles met inclusion criteria to be qualitatively analyzed for converging evidence of brain activity, measured using event-related potential (ERP), related to retrospectively reported childhood adversity/trauma. Using the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, 917 articles were assessed for inclusion and were filtered using study parameters. The most common ERP components listed in the literature were P100, N170, N200, P200, P300, ERN, and LPP. We discuss levels of evidence for changed brain activity, each ERP component, and the tasks used to evoke them. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was found to be the most commonly cited measure. We note the need to assess the duration and intensity of childhood adversity/trauma measurements in the strengths and limitations of the reported childhood adversity/trauma measurements. No concrete converging evidence was found to support a relationship between ERP-measured brain activity and retrospectively reported childhood adversity/trauma. Thus, a discussion of limitations and future directions for this field of research is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jo Hedrick
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, USA.
| | | | - Eric W Sellers
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, USA
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3
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Hamilton HK, Mathalon DH, Ford JM. P300 in schizophrenia: Then and now. Biol Psychol 2024; 187:108757. [PMID: 38316196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The 1965 discovery of the P300 component of the electroencephalography (EEG)-based event-related potential (ERP), along with the subsequent identification of its alteration in people with schizophrenia, initiated over 50 years of P300 research in schizophrenia. Here, we review what we now know about P300 in schizophrenia after nearly six decades of research. We describe recent efforts to expand our understanding of P300 beyond its sensitivity to schizophrenia itself to its potential role as a biomarker of risk for psychosis or a heritable endophenotype that bridges genetic risk and psychosis phenomenology. We also highlight efforts to move beyond a syndrome-based approach to understand P300 within the context of the clinical, cognitive, and presumed pathophysiological heterogeneity among people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Finally, we describe several recent approaches that extend beyond measuring the traditional P300 ERP component in people with schizophrenia, including time-frequency analyses and pharmacological challenge studies, that may help to clarify specific cognitive mechanisms that are disrupted in schizophrenia. Moreover, we discuss several promising areas for future research, including studies of animal models that can be used for treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Mazancieux A, Mauconduit F, Amadon A, Willem de Gee J, Donner TH, Meyniel F. Brainstem fMRI signaling of surprise across different types of deviant stimuli. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113405. [PMID: 37950868 PMCID: PMC10698303 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of deviant stimuli is crucial to orient and adapt our behavior. Previous work shows that deviant stimuli elicit phasic activation of the locus coeruleus (LC), which releases noradrenaline and controls central arousal. However, it is unclear whether the detection of behaviorally relevant deviant stimuli selectively triggers LC responses or other neuromodulatory systems (dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine). We combine human functional MRI (fMRI) recordings optimized for brainstem imaging with pupillometry to perform a mapping of deviant-related responses in subcortical structures. Participants have to detect deviant items in a "local-global" paradigm that distinguishes between deviance based on the stimulus probability and the sequence structure. fMRI responses to deviant stimuli are distributed in many cortical areas. Both types of deviance elicit responses in the pupil, LC, and other neuromodulatory systems. Our results reveal that the detection of task-relevant deviant items recruits the same multiple subcortical systems across computationally different types of deviance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mazancieux
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.
| | - Franck Mauconduit
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexis Amadon
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jan Willem de Gee
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tobias H Donner
- Section Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florent Meyniel
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Institut de neuromodulation, GHU Paris, psychiatrie et neurosciences, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, pôle hospitalo-universitaire 15, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Kunnath AJ, Gifford RH, Wallace MT. Cholinergic modulation of sensory perception and plasticity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105323. [PMID: 37467908 PMCID: PMC10424559 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Sensory systems are highly plastic, but the mechanisms of sensory plasticity remain unclear. People with vision or hearing loss demonstrate significant neural network reorganization that promotes adaptive changes in other sensory modalities as well as in their ability to combine information across the different senses (i.e., multisensory integration. Furthermore, sensory network remodeling is necessary for sensory restoration after a period of sensory deprivation. Acetylcholine is a powerful regulator of sensory plasticity, and studies suggest that cholinergic medications may improve visual and auditory abilities by facilitating sensory network plasticity. There are currently no approved therapeutics for sensory loss that target neuroplasticity. This review explores the systems-level effects of cholinergic signaling on human visual and auditory perception, with a focus on functional performance, sensory disorders, and neural activity. Understanding the role of acetylcholine in sensory plasticity will be essential for developing targeted treatments for sensory restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansley J Kunnath
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - René H Gifford
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark T Wallace
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Warren CV, Kroll CF, Kopp B. Dopaminergic and norepinephrinergic modulation of endogenous event-related potentials: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105221. [PMID: 37150485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) represent the cortical processing of sensory, motor or cognitive functions invoked by particular events or stimuli. A current theory posits that the catecholaminergic neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) modulate a number of endogenous ERPs during various cognitive processes. This manuscript aims to evaluate a leading neurotransmitter hypothesis with a systematic overview and meta-analysis of pharmacologic DA and NE manipulation of specific ERPs in healthy subjects during executive function. Specifically, the frontally-distributed P3a, N2, and Ne/ERN (or error-related negativity) are supposedly modulated primarily by DA, whereas the parietally-distributed P3b is thought to be modulated by NE. Based on preceding research, we refer to this distinction between frontally-distributed DA-sensitive and parietally-distributed NE-sensitive ERP components as the Extended Neurobiological Polich (ENP) hypothesis. Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that this distinction is too simplistic and many factors interact with DA and NE to influence these specific ERPs. These may include genetic factors, the specific cognitive processes engaged, or elements of study design, i.e. session or sequence effects or data-analysis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Warren
- Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, Alte Rabenstraße 32, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; Professorship for Clinical Psychology, Helmut-Schmidt University/ Bundeswehr University Hamburg, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Charlotte F Kroll
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6. P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Clinic für Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Gurtubay IG, Perez-Rodriguez DR, Fernandez E, Librero-Lopez J, Calvo D, Bermejo P, Pinin-Osorio C, Lopez M. Immediate effects and duration of a short and single application of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on P300 event related potential. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1096865. [PMID: 37051148 PMCID: PMC10083261 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1096865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a neuromodulatory technique that stimulates the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. The modulation of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) network is one of the potential working mechanisms of this method. Our aims were 1-to investigate if short and single applications of taVNS can modulate the P300 cognitive event-related potential (ERP) as an indirect marker that reflects NE brain activation under control of the LC, and 2-to evaluate the duration of these changes.Methods20 healthy volunteers executed an auditory oddball paradigm to obtain P300 and reaction time (RT) values. Then a 7 min active or sham taVNS period was initiated and simultaneously a new P300 paradigm was performed. We successively repeated the paradigm on 4 occasions with different time intervals up to 56 min after the stimulation onset.ResultsDuring active taVNS an immediate and significant effect of increasing the amplitude and reducing the latency of P300, as well as a shortening in the RT was observed. This effect was prolonged in time up to 28 min. The values then returned to pre-stimulation levels. Sham stimulation did not generate changes.DiscussionOur results, demonstrate differential facilitating effects in a concrete time window after taVNS. Literature about the modulatory effect of taVNS over P300 ERP shows a wide spread of results. There is not a standardized system for taVNS and currently the great heterogeneity of stimulation approaches concerning targets and parameters, make it difficult to obtain conclusions about this relationship. Our study was designed optimizing several stimulation settings, such as a customized earbud stimulator, enlarged stimulating surface, simultaneous stimulation over the cymba and cavum conchae, a Delayed Biphasic Pulse Burst and current controlled stimulation that adjusted the output voltage and guaranteed the administration of a preset electrical dose. Under our stimulation conditions, targeting vagal nerve fibers via taVNS modulates the P300 in healthy participants. The optimal settings of modulatory function of taVNS on P300, and their interdependency is insufficiently studied in the literature, but our data provides several easily optimizable parameters, that will produce more robust results in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki G. Gurtubay
- Department of Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarrabiomed Biomedical Research Centre, Pamplona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Iñaki G. Gurtubay,
| | | | | | | | - David Calvo
- Arrhythmia Unit, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pedro Bermejo
- Neurologist, Translational Medicine UCB Pharma, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Miguel Lopez
- Xana Smart Neurostimulation, Epalinges, Switzerland
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8
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Engels-Domínguez N, Koops EA, Prokopiou PC, Van Egroo M, Schneider C, Riphagen JM, Singhal T, Jacobs HIL. State-of-the-art imaging of neuromodulatory subcortical systems in aging and Alzheimer's disease: Challenges and opportunities. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 144:104998. [PMID: 36526031 PMCID: PMC9805533 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary prevention trials have shifted their focus to the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Autopsy data indicates that the neuromodulatory subcortical systems' (NSS) nuclei are specifically vulnerable to initial tau pathology, indicating that these nuclei hold great promise for early detection of AD in the context of the aging brain. The increasing availability of new imaging methods, ultra-high field scanners, new radioligands, and routine deep brain stimulation implants has led to a growing number of NSS neuroimaging studies on aging and neurodegeneration. Here, we review findings of current state-of-the-art imaging studies assessing the structure, function, and molecular changes of these nuclei during aging and AD. Furthermore, we identify the challenges associated with these imaging methods, important pathophysiologic gaps to fill for the AD NSS neuroimaging field, and provide future directions to improve our assessment, understanding, and clinical use of in vivo imaging of the NSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Engels-Domínguez
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Elouise A Koops
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prokopis C Prokopiou
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxime Van Egroo
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joost M Riphagen
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tarun Singhal
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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9
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Liu Z, Du W, Sun Z, Hou G, Wang Z. Neural Processing Differences of Facial Emotions Between Human and Vehicles: Evidence From an Event-Related Potential Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:876252. [PMID: 35874396 PMCID: PMC9302361 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.876252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vehicle “faces” are a crucial factor influencing consumer intention to purchase gasoline and electric vehicles. However, little empirical evidence has demonstrated whether people process a vehicle’s face similarly to a human’s face. We investigated the neural processing relationship among human facial emotions and facial emotions of gasoline and electric vehicles using a 2 (emotional) × 3 (face type) repeated measures design and electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings. The results showed that human faces appear to share a partly similar neural processing mechanism in the latency of 100–300 ms, and that both human and vehicle faces elicited the ERP components N170, EPN, and P2. The large EPN and P2 suggest that gasoline vehicle facial emotions can be perceived more efficiently than those of electric vehicles. These findings provide an insight for vehicle designers to better understand the facial emotions presented by cars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Liu
- School of Art and Design, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhuo Liu,
| | - Wenjun Du
- School of Art and Design, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongrui Sun
- School of Art and Design, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanhua Hou
- Pan Tianshou College of Architecture, Art and Design, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Guanhua Hou,
| | - Zhuonan Wang
- School of Art and Design, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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Weber LA, Tomiello S, Schöbi D, Wellstein KV, Mueller D, Iglesias S, Stephan KE. Auditory mismatch responses are differentially sensitive to changes in muscarinic acetylcholine versus dopamine receptor function. eLife 2022; 11:74835. [PMID: 35502897 PMCID: PMC9098218 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) has been proposed as a biomarker of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction in schizophrenia. Such dysfunction may be caused by aberrant interactions of different neuromodulators with NMDARs, which could explain clinical heterogeneity among patients. In two studies (N = 81 each), we used a double-blind placebo-controlled between-subject design to systematically test whether auditory mismatch responses under varying levels of environmental stability are sensitive to diminishing and enhancing cholinergic vs. dopaminergic function. We found a significant drug × mismatch interaction: while the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist biperiden delayed and topographically shifted mismatch responses, particularly during high stability, this effect could not be detected for amisulpride, a dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonist. Neither galantamine nor levodopa, which elevate acetylcholine and dopamine levels, respectively, exerted significant effects on MMN. This differential MMN sensitivity to muscarinic versus dopaminergic receptor function may prove useful for developing tests that predict individual treatment responses in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Aline Weber
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Tomiello
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Schöbi
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina V Wellstein
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Mueller
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Iglesias
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas Enno Stephan
- Translational Neuroimaging Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Event-related oscillations differentiate between cognitive, motor and visual impairments. J Neurol 2022; 269:3529-3540. [PMID: 35043223 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) share pathological and clinical similarities while differing in the timing and severity of motor cognitive and visual impairment. Previous EEG studies found abnormal neural oscillations in PD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease, however, the electrophysiological signature of clinical symptoms is still unclear. We assessed the specificity of event-related oscillations in distinguishing between cognitive, motor and visual involvement in patients with neurodegenerative conditions. METHODS EEG was recorded during a visual oddball task in 30 PD, 28 DLB, 30 MCI patients and 32 age-matched healthy controls. Target and non-target event-related power were examined in the time-frequency domain using complex Morlet wavelet convolution and compared within and between the study groups. RESULTS MCI (z = - 1.8, p = 0.04, Cohen's d = - 0.5) and DLB (z = - 3.1, p < 0.001, d = - 1.0) patients showed decreased delta-band target event-related synchronization compared to participants with normal cognition. PD (z = 1.6, p = 0.05, d = 0.5) and DLB (z = 2.7, p < 0.01, d = 0.9) patients showed decreased beta suppression compared to MCI patients and controls. DLB patients with visual hallucinations (VH) showed decreased early-alpha suppression (z = 2.08, p = 0.019, d = 3.19, AUC = 1.0 ± 0.0) compared to DLB-VH-. CONCLUSIONS Decreased event-related delta-band synchronization, reflecting a decline in information processing ability, was characteristic of cognitive impairment due to any cause. Decreased event-related beta suppression, reflecting impaired execution of motor action, was specific to PD and DLB. Decreased event-related early-alpha suppression was characteristic of the presence of VH in DLB. These findings show that specific oscillations may reflect specific clinical symptoms, being a marker of network dysfunction.
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Gadeyne S, Mertens A, Carrette E, Van den Bossche F, Boon P, Raedt R, Vonck K. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation cannot modulate the P3b event-related potential in healthy volunteers. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 135:22-29. [PMID: 35007840 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The release of cortical norepinephrine is one of the possible mechanisms of action of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), a neuromodulatory treatment currently under investigation for cognitive impairment. Transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) may be able to activate vagal nerve branches ending in the brainstem's locus coeruleus (LC) non-invasively. The aim was to investigate if acute taVNS can modulate the P3b, a cognitive event-related potential (ERP) reflecting noradrenergic brain activation under control of the LC. METHODS Thirty-nine healthy volunteers performed an auditory oddball task during no stimulation, sham stimulation and taVNS in a randomized order. P3b amplitude, latency and behavioral outcome parameters were compared between conditions using linear mixed models. RESULTS P3b amplitude and latency during taVNS did not differ significantly from sham or control. Reaction time shortened and P3b latency prolonged with repetition of the oddball task. CONCLUSIONS We were unable to modulate cognitive ERPs by means of acute taVNS in a large group of healthy volunteers. SIGNIFICANCE Targeting vagal nerve fibres via a transcutaneous approach did not alter the P3b in healthy participants. The stimulation parameters used and transient delivery of taVNS might be insufficient to adequately modulate the LC. Also, a disbalanced locus coeruleus - norepinephrine system in patients may be more prone for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gadeyne
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ann Mertens
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Carrette
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Boon
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robrecht Raedt
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristl Vonck
- 4Brain, Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism modulates P300 event-related potentials and associated activity in salience and central executive networks. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 211:173287. [PMID: 34653398 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in auditory information processing in schizophrenia as indexed electrophysiologically by P300 deficits during novelty (P3a) and target (P3b) processing are linked to N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction. This study in 14 healthy volunteers examined the effects of a subanesthetic dose of the NMDAR antagonist ketamine on P300 and their relationship to psychomimetic symptoms and cortical source activity (with eLORETA). Ketamine reduced early (e- P3a) and late (l-P3a) novelty P300 at sensor (scalp)-level and at source-level in the salience network. Increases in dissociation symptoms were negatively correlated with ketamine-induced P3b changes, at sensor-level and source-level, in both salience and central executive networks. These P3a alterations during novelty processing, and the symptom-related P3b changes during target processing support a model of NMDAR hypofunction underlying disrupted auditory attention in schizophrenia.
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14
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de Gee JW, Correa CMC, Weaver M, Donner TH, van Gaal S. Pupil Dilation and the Slow Wave ERP Reflect Surprise about Choice Outcome Resulting from Intrinsic Variability in Decision Confidence. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3565-3578. [PMID: 33822917 PMCID: PMC8196307 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to human and animal cognition is the ability to learn from feedback in order to optimize future rewards. Such a learning signal might be encoded and broadcasted by the brain's arousal systems, including the noradrenergic locus coeruleus. Pupil responses and the positive slow wave component of event-related potentials reflect rapid changes in the arousal level of the brain. Here, we ask whether and how these variables may reflect surprise: the mismatch between one's expectation about being correct and the outcome of a decision, when expectations fluctuate due to internal factors (e.g., engagement). We show that during an elementary decision task in the face of uncertainty both physiological markers of phasic arousal reflect surprise. We further show that pupil responses and slow wave event-related potential are unrelated to each other and that prediction error computations depend on feedback awareness. These results further advance our understanding of the role of central arousal systems in decision-making under uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Willem de Gee
- Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018WS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building N43, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, 1250 Moursund St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Camile M C Correa
- Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018WS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Centre of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, 44 Nørrebrogade Building 1A, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matthew Weaver
- Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018WS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias H Donner
- Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018WS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building N43, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon van Gaal
- Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Brain & Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018WS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Tramonti Fantozzi MP, Artoni F, Di Galante M, Briscese L, De Cicco V, Bruschini L, d'Ascanio P, Manzoni D, Faraguna U, Carboncini MC. Effect of the Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation on Auditory Event-Related Potentials. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab012. [PMID: 34296158 PMCID: PMC8153017 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigeminal sensorimotor activity stimulates arousal and cognitive performance, likely through activation of the locus coeruleus (LC). In this study we investigated, in normal subjects, the effects of bilateral trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) on the LC-dependent P300 wave, elicited by an acoustic oddball paradigm. Pupil size, a proxy of LC activity, and electroencephalographic power changes were also investigated. Before TNS/sham-TNS, pupil size did not correlate with P300 amplitude across subjects. After TNS but not sham-TNS, a positive correlation emerged between P300 amplitude and pupil size within frontal and median cortical regions. TNS also reduced P300 amplitude in several cortical areas. In both groups, before and after TNS/sham-TNS, subjects correctly indicated all the target stimuli. We propose that TNS activates LC, increasing the cortical norepinephrine release and the dependence of the P300 upon basal LC activity. Enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of cortical neurons, norepinephrine may improve the sensory processing, allowing the subject to reach the best discriminative performance with a lower level of neural activation (i.e., a lower P300 amplitude). The study suggests that TNS could be used for improving cognitive performance in patients affected by cognitive disorders or arousal dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Tramonti Fantozzi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Artoni
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Genève 1202, Switzerland
| | | | - Lucia Briscese
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Cicco
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Luca Bruschini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Paola d'Ascanio
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Diego Manzoni
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Carboncini
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa 56123, Italy
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Hamilton HK, Roach BJ, Mathalon DH. Forecasting Remission From the Psychosis Risk Syndrome With Mismatch Negativity and P300: Potentials and Pitfalls. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2021; 6:178-187. [PMID: 33431345 PMCID: PMC8128162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clinical outcomes vary for individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, ranging from conversion to a psychotic disorder to full remission from the risk syndrome. Given that most CHR individuals do not convert to psychosis, recent research efforts have turned toward identifying specific predictors of CHR remission, a task that is conceptually and empirically dissociable from the identification of predictors of conversion to psychosis, and one that may reveal specific biological characteristics that confer resilience to psychosis and provide further insights into the mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and those underlying a transient CHR syndrome. Such biomarkers may ultimately facilitate the development of novel early interventions and support the optimization of individualized care. In this review, we focus on two event-related brain potential measures, mismatch negativity and P300, that have attracted interest as predictors of future psychosis among CHR individuals. We describe several recent studies examining whether mismatch negativity and P300 predict subsequent CHR remission and suggest that intact mismatch negativity and P300 may reflect the integrity of specific neurocognitive processes that confer resilience against the persistence of the CHR syndrome and its associated risk for future transition to psychosis. We also highlight several major methodological concerns associated with these studies that apply to the broader literature examining predictors of CHR remission. Among them is the concern that studies that predict dichotomous remission versus nonremission and/or dichotomous conversion versus nonconversion outcomes potentially confound remission and conversion effects, a phenomenon we demonstrate with a data simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Brian J Roach
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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17
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Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Humans Induces Pupil Dilation and Attenuates Alpha Oscillations. J Neurosci 2020; 41:320-330. [PMID: 33214317 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1361-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is widely used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy and depression. While the precise mechanisms mediating its long-term therapeutic effects are not fully resolved, they likely involve locus coeruleus (LC) stimulation via the nucleus of the solitary tract, which receives afferent vagal inputs. In rats, VNS elevates LC firing and forebrain noradrenaline levels, whereas LC lesions suppress VNS therapeutic efficacy. Noninvasive transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) uses electrical stimulation that targets the auricular branch of the vagus nerve at the cymba conchae of the ear. However, the extent to which tVNS mimics VNS remains unclear. Here, we investigated the short-term effects of tVNS in healthy human male volunteers (n = 24), using high-density EEG and pupillometry during visual fixation at rest. We compared short (3.4 s) trials of tVNS to sham electrical stimulation at the earlobe (far from the vagus nerve branch) to control for somatosensory stimulation. Although tVNS and sham stimulation did not differ in subjective intensity ratings, tVNS led to robust pupil dilation (peaking 4-5 s after trial onset) that was significantly higher than following sham stimulation. We further quantified, using parallel factor analysis, how tVNS modulates idle occipital alpha (8-13Hz) activity identified in each participant. We found greater attenuation of alpha oscillations by tVNS than by sham stimulation. This demonstrates that tVNS reliably induces pupillary and EEG markers of arousal beyond the effects of somatosensory stimulation, thus supporting the hypothesis that tVNS elevates noradrenaline and other arousal-promoting neuromodulatory signaling, and mimics invasive VNS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Current noninvasive brain stimulation techniques are mostly confined to modulating cortical activity, as is typical with transcranial magnetic or transcranial direct/alternating current electrical stimulation. Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has been proposed to stimulate subcortical arousal-promoting nuclei, though previous studies yielded inconsistent results. Here we show that short (3.4 s) tVNS pulses in naive healthy male volunteers induced transient pupil dilation and attenuation of occipital alpha oscillations. These markers of brain arousal are in line with the established effects of invasive VNS on locus coeruleus-noradrenaline signaling, and support that tVNS mimics VNS. Therefore, tVNS can be used as a tool for studying how endogenous subcortical neuromodulatory signaling affects human cognition, including perception, attention, memory, and decision-making; and also for developing novel clinical applications.
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18
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Hamilton HK, Boos AK, Mathalon DH. Electroencephalography and Event-Related Potential Biomarkers in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:294-303. [PMID: 32507388 PMCID: PMC8300573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Clinical outcomes vary among youths at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), with approximately 20% progressing to full-blown psychosis over 2 to 3 years and 30% achieving remission. Recent research efforts have focused on identifying biomarkers that precede psychosis onset and enhance the accuracy of clinical outcome prediction in CHR-P individuals, with the ultimate goal of developing staged treatment approaches based on the individual's level of risk. Identifying such biomarkers may also facilitate progress toward understanding pathogenic mechanisms underlying psychosis onset, which may support the development of mechanistically informed early interventions for psychosis. In recent years, electroencephalography-based event-related potential measures with established sensitivity to schizophrenia have gained traction in the study of CHR-P and its clinical outcomes. In this review, we describe the evidence for event-related potential abnormalities in CHR-P and discuss how they inform our understanding of information processing deficits as vulnerability markers for emerging psychosis and as indicators of future outcomes. Among the measures studied, P300 and mismatch negativity are notable because deficits predict conversion to psychosis and/or CHR-P remission. However, the accuracy with which these and other measures predict outcomes in CHR-P has been obscured in the prior literature by the tendency to only report group-level differences, underscoring the need for inclusion of individual predictive accuracy metrics in future studies. Nevertheless, both P300 and mismatch negativity show promise as electrophysiological markers of risk for psychosis, as target engagement measures for clinical trials, and as potential translational bridges between human studies and animal models focused on novel drug development for early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alison K Boos
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California.
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19
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Javitt DC, Siegel SJ, Spencer KM, Mathalon DH, Hong LE, Martinez A, Ehlers CL, Abbas AI, Teichert T, Lakatos P, Womelsdorf T. A roadmap for development of neuro-oscillations as translational biomarkers for treatment development in neuropsychopharmacology. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1411-1422. [PMID: 32375159 PMCID: PMC7360555 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
New treatment development for psychiatric disorders depends critically upon the development of physiological measures that can accurately translate between preclinical animal models and clinical human studies. Such measures can be used both as stratification biomarkers to define pathophysiologically homogeneous patient populations and as target engagement biomarkers to verify similarity of effects across preclinical and clinical intervention. Traditional "time-domain" event-related potentials (ERP) have been used translationally to date but are limited by the significant differences in timing and distribution across rodent, monkey and human studies. By contrast, neuro-oscillatory responses, analyzed within the "time-frequency" domain, are relatively preserved across species permitting more precise translational comparisons. Moreover, neuro-oscillatory responses are increasingly being mapped to local circuit mechanisms and may be useful for investigating effects of both pharmacological and neuromodulatory interventions on excitatory/inhibitory balance. The present paper provides a roadmap for development of neuro-oscillatory responses as translational biomarkers in neuropsychiatric treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Javitt
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10954, USA.
| | - Steven J Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Kevin M Spencer
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, and Dept. of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- VA San Francisco Healthcare System, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antigona Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10954, USA
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Atheir I Abbas
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Tobias Teichert
- Departments of Psychiatry and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Peter Lakatos
- Schizophrenia Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10954, USA
| | - Thilo Womelsdorf
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
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20
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Rosenblum Y, Maidan I, Fahoum F, Giladi N, Bregman N, Shiner T, Mirelman A. Differential changes in visual and auditory event-related oscillations in dementia with Lewy bodies. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:2357-2366. [PMID: 32828038 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aside from the cognitive impairment, patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have a high frequency of visual hallucinations and a number of other vision-related symptoms, whereas auditory hallucinations are less frequent. To better understand the differential dysfunction of the visual network in DLB, we compared auditory and visual event-related potentials and oscillations in patients with DLB. METHODS Event-related potentials elicited by visual and auditory oddball tasks were recorded in 23 patients with DLB and 22 healthy controls and analyzed in time and time-frequency domain. RESULTS DLB patients had decreased theta band activity related to both early sensory and later cognitive processing in the visual, but not in the auditory task. Patients had lower delta and higher alpha and beta bands power related to later cognitive processing in both auditory and visual tasks. CONCLUSIONS In DLB visual event-related oscillations are characterized by a decrease in theta and lack of inhibition in alpha bands. SIGNIFICANCE Decreased theta and a lack of inhibition in alpha band power might be an oscillatory underpinning of some classical DLB symptoms such as fluctuations in attention and high-level visual disturbances and a potential marker of dysfunction of the visual system in DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgenia Rosenblum
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal Maidan
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Firas Fahoum
- Epilepsy Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Epilepsy Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noa Bregman
- Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamara Shiner
- Cognitive Neurology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Harms L, Parras GG, Michie PT, Malmierca MS. The Role of Glutamate Neurotransmission in Mismatch Negativity (MMN), A Measure of Auditory Synaptic Plasticity and Change-detection. Neuroscience 2020; 456:106-113. [PMID: 32045628 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an electrophysiological signature that occurs in response to unexpected stimuli. It is often referred to as a measure of memory-based change detection, because the elicitation of a prediction error response relies on the formation of a prediction, which in turn, is dependent upon intact memory of previous auditory stimulation. As such, the MMN is altered in conditions in which memory is affected, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and healthy aging. The most prominent pharmacological finding for MMN strengthens the link between MMN and synaptic plasticity, as glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) antagonists reduce the MMN response. However, recent data has begun to demonstrate that the link between NMDA-R function and MMN is not as clear as once thought, with low dose and low affinity NMDA-R antagonists observed to facilitate MMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Harms
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Gloria G Parras
- Cognitive and Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of León (INCYL), Salamanca, Spain; The Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Patricia T Michie
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Australia; School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Manuel S Malmierca
- Cognitive and Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience of León (INCYL), Salamanca, Spain; The Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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22
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Lee DJ, Milosevic L, Gramer R, Sasikumar S, Al-Ozzi TM, De Vloo P, Dallapiazza RF, Elias GJB, Cohn M, Kalia SK, Hutchison WD, Fasano A, Lozano AM. Nucleus basalis of Meynert neuronal activity in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosurg 2020; 132:574-582. [PMID: 30797189 DOI: 10.3171/2018.11.jns182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuronal loss within the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) correlates with cognitive decline in dementing disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). In nonhuman primates, the nbM firing pattern (5-40 Hz) has also been correlated with working memory and sustained attention. In this study, authors performed microelectrode recordings of the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) and the nbM immediately prior to the implantation of bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes in PD patients to treat motor symptoms and cognitive impairment, respectively. Here, the authors evaluate the electrophysiological properties of the nbM in patients with PD. METHODS Five patients (4 male, mean age 66 ± 4 years) with PD and mild cognitive impairment underwent bilateral GPi and nbM DBS lead implantation. Microelectrode recordings were performed through the GPi and nbM along a single trajectory. Firing rates and burst indices were characterized for each neuronal population with the patient at rest and performing a sustained-attention auditory oddball task. Action potential (AP) depolarization and repolarization widths were measured for each neuronal population at rest. RESULTS In PD patients off medication, the authors identified neuronal discharge rates that were specific to each area populated by GPi cells (92.6 ± 46.1 Hz), border cells (34 ± 21 Hz), and nbM cells (13 ± 10 Hz). During the oddball task, firing rates of nbM cells decreased (2.9 ± 0.9 to 2.0 ± 1.1 Hz, p < 0.05). During baseline recordings, the burst index for nbM cells (1.7 ± 0.6) was significantly greater than those for GPi cells (1.2 ± 0.2, p < 0.05) and border cells (1.1 ± 0.1, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the nbM burst index during the oddball task relative to baseline (3.4 ± 1.7, p = 0.20). With the patient at rest, the width of the depolarization phase of APs did not differ among the GPi cells, border cells, and nbM cells (p = 0.60); however, during the repolarization phase, the nbM spikes were significantly longer than those for GPi high-frequency discharge cells (p < 0.05) but not the border cells (p = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS Neurons along the trajectory through the GPi and nbM have distinct firing patterns. The profile of nbM activity is similar to that observed in nonhuman primates and is altered during a cognitive task associated with cholinergic activation. These findings will serve to identify these targets intraoperatively and form the basis for further research to characterize the role of the nbM in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin J Lee
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luka Milosevic
- 2Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto; and
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Gramer
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Tameem M Al-Ozzi
- 4Physiology, and
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe De Vloo
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert F Dallapiazza
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gavin J B Elias
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Cohn
- 5Psychology
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Alfonso Fasano
- 3Neurology
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery
- 6Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jurado-Barba R, Sion A, Martínez-Maldonado A, Domínguez-Centeno I, Prieto-Montalvo J, Navarrete F, García-Gutierrez MS, Manzanares J, Rubio G. Neuropsychophysiological Measures of Alcohol Dependence: Can We Use EEG in the Clinical Assessment? Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:676. [PMID: 32765317 PMCID: PMC7379886 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction management is complex, and it requires a bio-psycho-social perspective, that ought to consider the multiple etiological and developmental factors. Because of this, a large amount of resources has been allocated to assess the vulnerability to dependence, i.e., to identify the processes underlying the transition from substance use to dependence, as well as its course, in order to determine the key points in its prevention, treatment, and recovery. Consequently, knowledge \from neuroscience must be taken into account, which is why different initiatives have emerged with this objective, such as the "Research Domain Criteria" (RDoC), and the "Addiction Neuroclinical Assessment" (ANA). Particularly, neuropsychophysiological measures could be used as markers of cognitive and behavioral attributes or traits in alcohol dependence, and even trace clinical change. In this way, the aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview following ANA clinical framework, to the most robust findings in neuropsychophysiological changes in alcohol dependence, that underlie the main cognitive domains implicated in addiction: incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive functioning. The most consistent results have been found in event-related potential (ERP) analysis, especially in the P3 component, that could show a wide clinical utility, mainly for the executive functions. The review also shows the usefulness of other components, implicated in affective and substance-related processing (P1, N1, or the late positive potential LPP), as well as event-related oscillations, such as theta power, with a possible use as vulnerability or clinical marker in alcohol dependence. Finally, new tools emerging from psychophysiology research, based on functional connectivity or brain graph analysis could help toward a better understanding of altered circuits in alcohol dependence, as well as communication efficiency and effort during mental operations. This review concludes with an examination of these tools as possible markers in the clinical field and discusses methodological differences, the need for more replicability studies and incipient lines of work. It also uses consistent findings in psychophysiology to draw possible treatment targets and cognitive profiles in alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Jurado-Barba
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychology, Education and Health Science Faculty, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sion
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Addictive Disorders Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Domínguez-Centeno
- Department of Psychology, Education and Health Science Faculty, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Navarrete
- Addictive Disorders Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, Miguel Hernández University-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Salud García-Gutierrez
- Addictive Disorders Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, Miguel Hernández University-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Addictive Disorders Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Institute, Miguel Hernández University-CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Addictive Disorders Network, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Medicine Faculty, Complutense de Madrid University, Madrid, Spain
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Schutte I, Deschamps PKH, van Harten PN, Kenemans JL. Dopaminergic and noradrenergic manipulation of anticipatory reward and probability event-related potentials. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2019-2030. [PMID: 32313980 PMCID: PMC7306042 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Predicting what will happen in the future in terms of potential reward is essential in daily life. The aim of the current study was to investigate the neurotransmitter systems involved in the anticipation of reward value and probability. We hypothesized that dopaminergic and noradrenergic antagonism would affect anticipation of reward value and probability, respectively. Twenty-three healthy participants were included in a haloperidol (2 mg) × clonidine (0.150 mg) × placebo cross-over design and subjected to a Go/NoGo experimental task during which cues signaled the probability of subsequent target appearance. Reward value (amount of money that could be won for correct and fast responding to the target) as well as probability of target appearance was orthogonally manipulated across four task blocks. Cue-elicited EEG event-related potentials were recorded to assess anticipation of value and probability, respectively. The processing of reward value was affected by dopaminergic antagonism (haloperidol), as evidenced by reduction of the reward-related positivity and P300 to reward cues. This reduction was specifically significant for subjects with high baseline dopamine levels for the P300 and most pronounced for these subjects for the reward-related positivity. In contrast, the processing of reward probability was affected by noradrenergic antagonism (clonidine). In addition, both drugs reduced overall performance (omission rate, response speed variability). We conclude that at least anticipation of reward value and probability, respectively, is specifically affected by dopaminergic versus noradrenergic antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Schutte
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter K. H. Deschamps
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter N. van Harten
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands ,grid.491215.a0000 0004 0468 1456Psychiatric Center GGZ Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - J. Leon Kenemans
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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25
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Nash K, Johansson A, Yogeeswaran K. Social Media Approval Reduces Emotional Arousal for People High in Narcissism: Electrophysiological Evidence. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:292. [PMID: 31616266 PMCID: PMC6764241 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine if posting a "selfie" and receiving validation from others in the form of "likes" on social media can help narcissists reduce psychological distress. After all participants completed the narcissistic personality inventory (NPI) and experienced social exclusion, participants completed an auditory startle task that elicits the P3 to white noise-an ERP component that reflects emotional arousal and is sensitive to psychological distress. Participants were then randomly assigned to either view a personal "selfie" that quickly received a significant number of ostensibly real "likes" (selfie with likes condition), view a "selfie" with no feedback (selfie only condition), or view a neutral picture before (neutral picture condition) completing the auditory startle task again. Results revealed that participants high on the Leadership/Authority subscale of the NPI in the "selfie" with "likes" condition demonstrated a pre-post manipulation decrease in P3 mean amplitude, relative to participants in the other two conditions. These results suggest that approval via social media can help certain kinds of narcissists alleviate distress from social exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Nash
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andre Johansson
- Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kumar Yogeeswaran
- Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Kotchoubey B, Pavlov YG. A Signature of Passivity? An Explorative Study of the N3 Event- Related Potential Component in Passive Oddball Tasks. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:365. [PMID: 31068776 PMCID: PMC6491624 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many passive oddball experiments show a sharp negative deflection N3 after P3b, peaking between 400 and 500 ms, but this wave has never been analyzed properly. We conducted five passive oddball experiments, in which the number of deviants (i.e., one or two), their alleged meaning, and their distinctiveness varied. RESULTS Mastoid- or common-referenced waveforms showed a fronto-central N3 in all experiments. The data were CSD (Current Source Density) transformed and underwent a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA revealed N3 containing two subcomponents with very stable peak latencies of about 415 and 455 ms, respectively. Both topography of the subcomponents and their variation with experimental conditions were very similar, indicating a midfrontal sink and a posterior temporal source. An analysis of P3a and P3b components replicated previously known effects. CONCLUSION We discuss the similarities and differences between the passive N3 and other components including the MMN, N1, late positive Slow Wave, and reorienting negativity. We also make general hypotheses about a possible functional meaning of N3; on this basis, specific hypotheses are formulated and further experiments are suggested to test these hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Kotchoubey
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yuri G. Pavlov
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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27
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Heckman P, Blokland A, Sambeth A. No interaction between rivastigmine and citalopram on memory and novelty processing in healthy human volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:210-218. [PMID: 30226087 PMCID: PMC6381448 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118796816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal literature suggests an interaction between acetylcholine and serotonin on cognitive functions. AIMS The aim of the current study was to assess whether both neurotransmitters interact during memory and novelty processing in humans. METHODS We tested the interaction between acetylcholine and serotonin on cognitive functions in healthy volunteers by means of treatment with rivastigmine and citalopram, respectively. RESULTS The main result of the study showed that during the verbal learning task participants significantly recalled fewer words after citalopram treatment than after rivastigmine or placebo during both the immediate and delayed recall tasks. Rivastigmine was not able to reverse the impairing effect of citalopram. CONCLUSIONS This finding is in line with previous studies in which we manipulated acetylcholine and serotonin in different manners. Taken together, these studies in humans do not support the notion from animal studies that these two neurotransmitters interact on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pra Heckman
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,2 Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - A Blokland
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - A Sambeth
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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28
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Warren CM, Tona KD, Ouwerkerk L, van Paridon J, Poletiek F, van Steenbergen H, Bosch JA, Nieuwenhuis S. The neuromodulatory and hormonal effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation as evidenced by salivary alpha amylase, salivary cortisol, pupil diameter, and the P3 event-related potential. Brain Stimul 2018; 12:635-642. [PMID: 30591360 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a new, non-invasive technique being investigated as an intervention for a variety of clinical disorders, including epilepsy and depression. It is thought to exert its therapeutic effect by increasing central norepinephrine (NE) activity, but the evidence supporting this notion is limited. OBJECTIVE In order to test for an impact of tVNS on psychophysiological and hormonal indices of noradrenergic function, we applied tVNS in concert with assessment of salivary alpha amylase (SAA) and cortisol, pupil size, and electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings. METHODS Across three experiments, we applied real and sham tVNS to 61 healthy participants while they performed a set of simple stimulus-discrimination tasks. Before and after the task, as well as during one break, participants provided saliva samples and had their pupil size recorded. EEG was recorded throughout the task. The target for tVNS was the cymba conchae, which is heavily innervated by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. Sham stimulation was applied to the ear lobe. RESULTS P3 amplitude was not affected by tVNS (Experiment 1A: N = 24; Experiment 1B: N = 20; Bayes factor supporting null model = 4.53), nor was pupil size (Experiment 2: N = 16; interaction of treatment and time: p = .79). However, tVNS increased SAA (Experiments 1A and 2: N = 25) and attenuated the decline of salivary cortisol compared to sham (Experiment 2: N = 17), as indicated by significant interactions involving treatment and time (p = .023 and p = .040, respectively). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that tVNS modulates hormonal indices but not psychophysiological indices of noradrenergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Warren
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, 2300, RC, Netherlands.
| | - K D Tona
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, 2300, RC, Netherlands
| | - L Ouwerkerk
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands
| | - J van Paridon
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Max Planck Institute of Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6525, XD, Netherlands
| | - F Poletiek
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Max Planck Institute of Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6525, XD, Netherlands
| | - Henk van Steenbergen
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, 2300, RC, Netherlands
| | - J A Bosch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1018, XA, Netherlands; Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - S Nieuwenhuis
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333, AK, Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, 2300, RC, Netherlands
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Cholinergic Mechanisms of Target Oddball Stimuli Detection: The Late "P300-Like" Event-Related Potential in Rats. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:4270263. [PMID: 30410536 PMCID: PMC6206555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4270263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) provide powerful tools for studying the brain's synaptic function underlying information processing. The P300 component of ERPs indexing attention and working memory shows abnormal amplitude and latency in neurological and psychiatric diseases that are sensitive to pharmacological agents. In the active auditory oddball discriminant paradigm, behavior and auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) were simultaneously recorded in awake rats to investigate whether P300-like potentials generated in rats responding to rare target oddball tones are sensitive to subcutaneous modulation of the cholinergic tone by donepezil (1 mg/kg) and scopolamine (0.64 mg/kg). After operant training, rats consistently discriminate rare target auditory stimuli from frequent irrelevant nontarget auditory stimuli by a higher level of correct lever presses (i.e., accuracy) in target trials associated with a food reward. Donepezil attenuated the disruptive effect of scopolamine on the level of accuracy and premature responses in target trials. Larger P300-like peaks with early and late components were revealed in correct rare target stimuli trials as compared to frequent tones. Donepezil enhanced the peak amplitude of the P300-like component to target stimuli and evoked slow theta and gamma oscillations, whereas scopolamine altered the amplitude of the P300-like component and EROs to target stimuli. Pretreatment with donepezil attenuated effects of scopolamine on the peak amplitude of the P300-like component and on EROs. This study provides evidence that AEP P300-like responses can be elicited by rats engaged in attentive and memory processing of target stimuli and outline the relevance of the cholinergic system in stimulus discrimination processing. The findings highlight the sensitivity of this translational index for investigating brain circuits and/or novel pharmacological agents, which modulate cholinergic transmission associated with increased allocation of attentional resources.
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Masson R, Bidet-Caulet A. Fronto-central P3a to distracting sounds: An index of their arousing properties. Neuroimage 2018; 185:164-180. [PMID: 30336252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The P3a observed after novel events is an event-related potential comprising an early fronto-central phase and a late fronto-parietal phase. It has classically been considered to reflect the attention processing of distracting stimuli. However, novel sounds can lead to behavioral facilitation as much as behavioral distraction. This illustrates the duality of the orienting response which includes both an attentional and an arousal component. Using a paradigm with visual or auditory targets to detect and irrelevant unexpected distracting sounds to ignore, we showed that the facilitation effect by distracting sounds is independent of the target modality and endures more than 1500 ms. These results confirm that the behavioral facilitation observed after distracting sounds is related to an increase in unspecific phasic arousal on top of the attentional capture. Moreover, the amplitude of the early phase of the P3a to distracting sounds positively correlated with subjective arousal ratings, contrary to other event-related potentials. We propose that the fronto-central early phase of the P3a would index the arousing properties of distracting sounds and would be linked to the arousal component of the orienting response. Finally, we discuss the relevance of the P3a as a marker of distraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Masson
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France.
| | - Aurélie Bidet-Caulet
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, France
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Kiat JE, Long D, Belli RF. Attentional responses on an auditory oddball predict false memory susceptibility. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 18:1000-1014. [PMID: 29926284 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Attention and memory are highly integrated processes. Building on prior behavioral investigations, this study assesses the link between individual differences in low-level neural attentional responding and false memory susceptibility on the misinformation effect, a paradigm in which false event memories are induced via misleading post-event information. Twenty-four subjects completed the misinformation effect paradigm after which high-density (256-channel) EEG data was collected as they engaged in an auditory oddball task. Temporal-spatial decomposition was used to extract two attention-related components from the oddball data, the P3b and Classic Slow Wave. The P3b was utilized as an index of individual differences in salient target attentional responding while the slow wave was adopted as an index of variability in task-level sustained attention. Analyses of these components show a significant negative relationship between slow-wave responses to oddball non-targets and perceptual false memory endorsements, suggestive of a link between individual differences in levels of sustained attention and false memory susceptibility. These findings provide the first demonstrated link between individual differences in basic attentional responses and false memory. These results support prior behavioral work linking attention and false memory and highlight the integration between attentional processes and real-world episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Kiat
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 34 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0308, USA.
| | - Dianna Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 34 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0308, USA
| | - Robert F Belli
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 34 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0308, USA
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Rufener KS, Geyer U, Janitzky K, Heinze H, Zaehle T. Modulating auditory selective attention by non‐invasive brain stimulation: Differential effects of transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation and transcranial random noise stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:2301-2309. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S. Rufener
- Department of NeurologyOtto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg Germany
| | - Ulrike Geyer
- Department of NeurologyOtto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | | | - Hans‐Jochen Heinze
- Department of NeurologyOtto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg Germany
| | - Tino Zaehle
- Department of NeurologyOtto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg Germany
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Jepma M, Brown SBRE, Murphy PR, Koelewijn SC, de Vries B, van den Maagdenberg AM, Nieuwenhuis S. Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Modulation of Belief Updating. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 30:1803-1820. [PMID: 30063180 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To make optimal predictions in a dynamic environment, the impact of new observations on existing beliefs-that is, the learning rate-should be guided by ongoing estimates of change and uncertainty. Theoretical work has proposed specific computational roles for various neuromodulatory systems in the control of learning rate, but empirical evidence is still sparse. The aim of the current research was to examine the role of the noradrenergic and cholinergic systems in learning rate regulation. First, we replicated our recent findings that the centroparietal P3 component of the EEG-an index of phasic catecholamine release in the cortex-predicts trial-to-trial variability in learning rate and mediates the effects of surprise and belief uncertainty on learning rate (Study 1, n = 17). Second, we found that pharmacological suppression of either norepinephrine or acetylcholine activity produced baseline-dependent effects on learning rate following nonobvious changes in an outcome-generating process (Study 1). Third, we identified two genes, coding for α2A receptor sensitivity (ADRA2A) and norepinephrine reuptake (NET), as promising targets for future research on the genetic basis of individual differences in learning rate (Study 2, n = 137). Our findings suggest a role for the noradrenergic and cholinergic systems in belief updating and underline the importance of studying interactions between different neuromodulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter R Murphy
- Leiden University.,University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
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Ventura-Bort C, Wirkner J, Genheimer H, Wendt J, Hamm AO, Weymar M. Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) on the P300 and Alpha-Amylase Level: A Pilot Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:202. [PMID: 29977196 PMCID: PMC6021745 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that the P3b may be closely related to the activation of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. To further study the potential association, we applied a novel technique, the non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), which is speculated to increase noradrenaline levels. Using a within-subject cross-over design, 20 healthy participants received continuous tVNS and sham stimulation on two consecutive days (stimulation counterbalanced across participants) while performing a visual oddball task. During stimulation, oval non-targets (standard), normal-head (easy) and rotated-head (difficult) targets, as well as novel stimuli (scenes) were presented. As an indirect marker of noradrenergic activation we also collected salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) before and after stimulation. Results showed larger P3b amplitudes for target, relative to standard stimuli, irrespective of stimulation condition. Exploratory post hoc analyses, however, revealed that, in comparison to standard stimuli, easy (but not difficult) targets produced larger P3b (but not P3a) amplitudes during active tVNS, compared to sham stimulation. For sAA levels, although main analyses did not show differential effects of stimulation, direct testing revealed that tVNS (but not sham stimulation) increased sAA levels after stimulation. Additionally, larger differences between tVNS and sham stimulation in P3b magnitudes for easy targets were associated with larger increase in sAA levels after tVNS, but not after sham stimulation. Despite preliminary evidence for a modulatory influence of tVNS on the P3b, which may be partly mediated by activation of the noradrenergic system, additional research in this field is clearly warranted. Future studies need to clarify whether tVNS also facilitates other processes, such as learning and memory, and whether tVNS can be used as therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janine Wirkner
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hannah Genheimer
- Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Wendt
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alfons O. Hamm
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mathias Weymar
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Mashhoon Y, Betts J, Farmer SL, Lukas SE. Early onset cigarette smokers exhibit greater P300 reactivity to smoking-related stimuli and report greater craving. Brain Res 2018. [PMID: 29524436 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period during which a number of critical neuromaturation processes occur and the vulnerability for developing nicotine dependence is extremely high. Thus, early-onset (EO; age < 16 years old), relative to late-onset (LO; age ≥ 16 years old), tobacco smoking may be uniquely deleterious for developmentally immature systems that regulate neural signaling reactivity. This study investigated how age of tobacco smoking onset affects neurophysiological measures of smoking cue reactivity and reported craving in adult smokers. EO smokers (EOS; n = 8; 4 females), LO smokers (LOS; n = 10; 5 females), and healthy non-smokers (HNS; n = 10; 5 females) participated in an event-related potential (ERP) cue reactivity study with tactile and image stimuli. Participants handled neutral objects during one interval and smoking-related objects during a second interval. After each interval, they viewed smoking-related, neutral, or arousing images using an oddball paradigm. P300 ERPs and craving for tobacco were recorded during each session. P300 amplitudes were significantly higher in central midline (Cz) channel to smoking, but not neutral or arousing, images after handling smoking objects. Specifically, Cz P300 smoking amplitudes were significantly greater in EOS, relative to LOS and HNS, and associated with greater craving at baseline. There were no other group differences in mood or craving. EOS exhibited greater P300 reactivity to smoking-related stimuli, relative to LOS, suggesting a more sensitized neural response. EO smoking during early neuromaturation may alter neurophysiological signaling involved in responding to smoking-related stimuli, which could impact the outcome of smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mashhoon
- Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jennifer Betts
- Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Stacey L Farmer
- Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Scott E Lukas
- Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Solís-Vivanco R, Rodríguez-Violante M, Cervantes-Arriaga A, Justo-Guillén E, Ricardo-Garcell J. Brain oscillations reveal impaired novelty detection from early stages of Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 18:923-931. [PMID: 29876277 PMCID: PMC5988040 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and progression tracking of neurodegenerative diseases has become an important objective in clinical neuroscience in the last years. The P3a event-related potential, considered as the neurophysiological hallmark of novelty detection, has been shown to be reduced in Parkinson's disease (PD) and proposed as a sensitive measure for illness duration and severity. Our aim for this study was to explore for the first time whether impaired novelty detection could be observed through phase- and time-locked brain oscillatory activity at early PD. Twenty-seven patients with idiopathic PD at early stages (disease duration <5 years and Hoehn and Yahr stage <3) were included. A healthy control group (n = 24) was included as well. All participants performed an auditory involuntary attention task including frequent and deviant tones while a digital EEG was obtained. A neuropsychological battery was administered as well. Time-frequency representations of power and phase-locked oscillations and P3a amplitudes were compared between groups. We found a significant reduction of power and phase locking of slow oscillations (3-7 Hz) for deviant tones in the PD group compared to controls in the P3a time range (300-550 ms). Also, reduced modulation of late induced (not phase locked) alpha-beta oscillations (400-650 ms, 8-25 Hz) was observed in the PD group after deviant tones onset. The P3a amplitude was predicted by years of evolution in the PD group. Finally, while phase-locked slow oscillations were associated with task behavioral distraction effects, induced alpha-beta activity was related to cognitive flexibility performance. Our results show that novelty detection impairment can be identified in neurophysiological terms from very early stages of PD, and such impairment increases linearly as the disease progresses. Also, induced alpha-beta oscillations underlying novelty detection are related to executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Solís-Vivanco
- Neuropsychology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico; School of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico.
| | | | | | - Edith Justo-Guillén
- School of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico
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van Dinteren R, Huster RJ, Jongsma MLA, Kessels RPC, Arns M. Differences in Cortical Sources of the Event-Related P3 Potential Between Young and Old Participants Indicate Frontal Compensation. Brain Topogr 2018; 31:35-46. [PMID: 28101703 PMCID: PMC5772121 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-016-0542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The event-related P3 potential, as elicited in auditory signal detection tasks, originates from neural activity of multiple cortical structures and presumably reflects an overlap of several cognitive processes. The fact that the P3 is affected by aging makes it a potential metric for age-related cognitive change. The P3 in older participants is thought to encompass frontal compensatory activity in addition to task-related processes. The current study investigates this by decomposing the P3 using group independent component analysis (ICA). Independent components (IC) of young and old participants were compared in order to investigate the effects of aging. Exact low-resolution tomography analysis (eLORETA) was used to compare current source densities between young and old participants for the P3-ICs to localize differences in cortical source activity for every IC. One of the P3-related ICs reflected a different constellation of cortical generators in older participants compared to younger participants, suggesting that this P3-IC reflects shifts in neural activations and compensatory processes with aging. This P3-IC was localized to the orbitofrontal/temporal, and the medio-parietal regions. For this IC, older participants showed more frontal activation and less parietal activation as measured on the scalp. The differences in cortical sources were localized in the precentral gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus. This finding might reflect compensatory activity recruited from these cortical sources during a signal detection task.
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Affiliation(s)
- R van Dinteren
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - R J Huster
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Psychology Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - M L A Jongsma
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R P C Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Cavanagh JF, Kumar P, Mueller AA, Richardson SP, Mueen A. Diminished EEG habituation to novel events effectively classifies Parkinson's patients. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 129:409-418. [PMID: 29294412 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to test if EEG responses to novel events reliably dissociated individuals with Parkinson's disease and controls, and if this dissociation was sensitive and specific enough to be a candidate biomarker of cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. METHODS Participants included N = 25 individuals with Parkinson's disease and an equal number of well-matched controls. EEG was recorded during a three-stimulus auditory oddball paradigm both ON and OFF medication. RESULTS While control participants showed reliable EEG habituation to novel events over time, individuals with Parkinson's did not. In the OFF condition, individual differences in habituation correlated with years since diagnosis. Pattern classifiers achieved high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating patients from controls, with a maximum accuracy of 82%. Most importantly, the confidence of the classifier was related to years since diagnosis, and this correlation increased as the time course of differential habituation increasingly distinguished the groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify systemic alteration in an obligatory neural mechanism that may contribute to higher-level cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that EEG responses to novel events in this rapid, simple, and inexpensive test have tremendous promise for tracking individual trajectories of cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Praveen Kumar
- University of New Mexico, Department of Computer Science, USA
| | | | | | - Abdullah Mueen
- University of New Mexico, Department of Computer Science, USA
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Caldenhove S, Borghans L, Blokland A, Sambeth A. Role of acetylcholine and serotonin in novelty processing using an oddball paradigm. Behav Brain Res 2017; 331:199-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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40
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Baldwin SA. Improving the rigor of psychophysiology research. Int J Psychophysiol 2017; 111:5-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Marshall L, Mathys C, Ruge D, de Berker AO, Dayan P, Stephan KE, Bestmann S. Pharmacological Fingerprints of Contextual Uncertainty. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002575. [PMID: 27846219 PMCID: PMC5113004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful interaction with the environment requires flexible updating of our beliefs about the world. By estimating the likelihood of future events, it is possible to prepare appropriate actions in advance and execute fast, accurate motor responses. According to theoretical proposals, agents track the variability arising from changing environments by computing various forms of uncertainty. Several neuromodulators have been linked to uncertainty signalling, but comprehensive empirical characterisation of their relative contributions to perceptual belief updating, and to the selection of motor responses, is lacking. Here we assess the roles of noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and dopamine within a single, unified computational framework of uncertainty. Using pharmacological interventions in a sample of 128 healthy human volunteers and a hierarchical Bayesian learning model, we characterise the influences of noradrenergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic receptor antagonism on individual computations of uncertainty during a probabilistic serial reaction time task. We propose that noradrenaline influences learning of uncertain events arising from unexpected changes in the environment. In contrast, acetylcholine balances attribution of uncertainty to chance fluctuations within an environmental context, defined by a stable set of probabilistic associations, or to gross environmental violations following a contextual switch. Dopamine supports the use of uncertainty representations to engender fast, adaptive responses. Pharmacological interventions and hierarchical Bayesian modelling pinpoint the roles of noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and dopamine in computing different forms of uncertainty and in sensitizing actions to our beliefs about uncertainty. Interacting with dynamic and ever-changing environments requires frequent updating of our beliefs about the world. By learning the relationships that link events in the current environmental context, it is possible to prepare and execute fast, accurate responses to those events that are predictable. However, the world’s complex dynamics give rise to uncertainty about the relationships that exist between events and uncertainty about how these relationships might change over time. Several neuromodulators have been proposed to signal these different forms of uncertainty, but their relative contributions to updating beliefs and modulating responses have remained elusive. Here we combine a probabilistic reaction time task, pharmacological interventions, and a hierarchical Bayesian learning model to identify the roles of noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and dopamine in individual computations of uncertainty. We propose that noradrenaline modulates learning about the instability of the relationships that link environmental events. Acetylcholine balances the attribution of uncertainty to unexpected events occurring within an environmental context or to gross violations of our expectations following a context change. In contrast, dopamine sensitises our actions to our beliefs about uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Marshall
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Christoph Mathys
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Ruge
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Archy O. de Berker
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Dayan
- Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Klaas E. Stephan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Bestmann
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Jepma M, Murphy PR, Nassar MR, Rangel-Gomez M, Meeter M, Nieuwenhuis S. Catecholaminergic Regulation of Learning Rate in a Dynamic Environment. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1005171. [PMID: 27792728 PMCID: PMC5085041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive behavior in a changing world requires flexibly adapting one's rate of learning to the rate of environmental change. Recent studies have examined the computational mechanisms by which various environmental factors determine the impact of new outcomes on existing beliefs (i.e., the 'learning rate'). However, the brain mechanisms, and in particular the neuromodulators, involved in this process are still largely unknown. The brain-wide neurophysiological effects of the catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine on stimulus-evoked cortical responses suggest that the catecholamine systems are well positioned to regulate learning about environmental change, but more direct evidence for a role of this system is scant. Here, we report evidence from a study employing pharmacology, scalp electrophysiology and computational modeling (N = 32) that suggests an important role for catecholamines in learning rate regulation. We found that the P3 component of the EEG-an electrophysiological index of outcome-evoked phasic catecholamine release in the cortex-predicted learning rate, and formally mediated the effect of prediction-error magnitude on learning rate. P3 amplitude also mediated the effects of two computational variables-capturing the unexpectedness of an outcome and the uncertainty of a preexisting belief-on learning rate. Furthermore, a pharmacological manipulation of catecholamine activity affected learning rate following unanticipated task changes, in a way that depended on participants' baseline learning rate. Our findings provide converging evidence for a causal role of the human catecholamine systems in learning-rate regulation as a function of environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Jepma
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University; and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter R. Murphy
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthew R. Nassar
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Rangel-Gomez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
| | - Martijn Meeter
- Department of Education Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Nieuwenhuis
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University; and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Sarter M, Lustig C, Berry AS, Gritton H, Howe WM, Parikh V. What do phasic cholinergic signals do? Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 130:135-41. [PMID: 26911787 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the neuromodulatory role of cholinergic systems, brief, temporally discrete cholinergic release events, or "transients", have been associated with the detection of cues in attention tasks. Here we review four main findings about cholinergic transients during cognitive processing. Cholinergic transients are: (1) associated with the detection of a cue and influenced by cognitive state; (2) not dependent on reward outcome, although the timing of the transient peak co-varies with the temporal relationship between detection and reward delivery; (3) correlated with the mobilization of the cue-evoked response; (4) causal mediators of shifts from monitoring to cue detection. We next discuss some of the key questions concerning the timing and occurrence of transients within the framework of available evidence including: (1) Why does the shift from monitoring to cue detection require a transient? (2) What determines whether a cholinergic transient will be generated? (3) How can cognitive state influence transient occurrence? (4) Why do cholinergic transients peak at around the time of reward delivery? (5) Is there evidence of cholinergic transients in humans? We conclude by outlining future research studies necessary to more fully understand the role of cholinergic transients in mediating cue detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Sarter
- University of Michigan, Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Cindy Lustig
- University of Michigan, Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Anne S Berry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Howard Gritton
- Boston University, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, United States
| | - William M Howe
- Boston University, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, United States; Pfizer Neuroscience, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Temple University, Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Brown SBRE, Slagter HA, van Noorden MS, Giltay EJ, van der Wee NJA, Nieuwenhuis S. Effects of clonidine and scopolamine on multiple target detection in rapid serial visual presentation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:341-50. [PMID: 26507194 PMCID: PMC4700095 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The specific role of neuromodulator systems in regulating rapid fluctuations of attention is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined the effects of clonidine and scopolamine on multiple target detection in a rapid serial visual presentation task to assess the role of the central noradrenergic and cholinergic systems in temporal attention. METHOD Eighteen healthy volunteers took part in a crossover double-dummy study in which they received clonidine (150/175 μg), scopolamine (1.2 mg), and placebo by mouth in counterbalanced order. A dual-target attentional blink task was administered at 120 min after scopolamine intake and 180 min after clonidine intake. The electroencephalogram was measured during task performance. RESULTS Clonidine and scopolamine both impaired detection of the first target (T1). For clonidine, this impairment was accompanied by decreased amplitudes of the P2 and P3 components of the event-related potential. The drugs did not impair second-target (T2) detection, except if T2 was presented immediately after T1. The attentional blink for T2 was not affected, in line with a previous study that found no effect of clonidine on the attentional blink. CONCLUSIONS These and other results suggest that clonidine and scopolamine may impair temporal attention through a decrease in tonic alertness and that this decrease in alertness can be temporarily compensated by a phasic alerting response to a salient stimulus. The comparable behavioral effects of clonidine and scopolamine are consistent with animal studies indicating close interactions between the noradrenergic and cholinergic neuromodulator systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B R E Brown
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Heleen A Slagter
- Brain and Cognition Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nic J A van der Wee
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Nieuwenhuis
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
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