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Jiang J, Xu Y, Chen D, Li J, Zhu X, Pan J, Zhang L, Cheng P, Huang J. Pan-cancer analysis of immune checkpoint receptors and ligands in various cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:11683-11728. [PMID: 39120585 DOI: 10.18632/aging.206053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Drugs that target immune checkpoint have become the most popular weapon in cancer immunotherapy, yet only have practical benefits for a small percentage of patients. Tumor cells constantly interact with their microenvironment, which is made up of a variety of immune cells as well as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Immune checkpoint expression and blocked signaling of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are key to tumor progression. In this study, we perform deliberation convolution on the TCGA database for human lung, breast, and colorectal cancer to infer crosstalk between immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) and ligands (ICLs) in TME of pan-carcinogenic solid tumor types, validated by flow cytometry. Analysis of immune checkpoints showed that there was little variation between different tumor types. It showed that CD160, LAG3, TIGIT were found to be highly expressed in CD8+ T cells instead of CD4+ T cells, PD-L1, PD-L2, CD86, LGALS9, TNFRSF14, LILRB4 and other ligands were highly expressed on macrophages, FVR, NECTIN2, FGL1 were highly expressed on Epithelial cells, CD200 was highly expressed in Endothelial cells, and CD80 was highly expressed in CD8 High expression on T cells. Overall, our study provides a new resource for the expression of immune checkpoints in TME on various types of cells. Significance: This study provides immune checkpoint expression of immune cells of multiple cancer types to infer immune mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment and provide ideas for the development of new immune checkpoint-blocking drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yazhang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Di Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Leyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Pu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Akdogan O, Ogut B, Sutcuoglu O, Sert A, Gurler F, Akyurek N, Ozdemir N, Ozet A, Yazici O. The impact of the expression level of growth differentiation factor 15 in tumor tissue on the response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:954. [PMID: 39103762 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is overexpressed in various cancers and facilitates immune evasion by inhibiting T-cell activation. GDFATHER-TRIAL's phase 2a results demonstrated promising outcomes when combining the GDF-15 neutralizing antibody visugromab (CTL002) with nivolumab, enhancing the response to immunotherapy. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of GDF-15 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissues in terms of immunotherapy response. METHODS This retrospective study included 50 patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with nivolumab at Gazi University Hospital between January 2021 and July 2023. GDF-15 expression was evaluated using immunochemistry staining and categorized based on the intensity of cytoplasmic or membranous staining. Samples were divided into a low expression group (scores 0 and 1) and a high expression group (scores 2 and 3). The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which were analyzed using Kaplan‒Meier and Cox proportional hazards models. Objective response rates were assessed in secondary outcomes. RESULTS Of the 50 patients, 43 were men (86%), with a median age of 63.9 years. Half of the patients exhibited low GDF-15 expression. High GDF-15 expression correlated with shorter PFS and OS. The median PFS was 7.8 months for the low-expression group versus 4.4 months for the high-expression group (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20-0.83; p = 0.013). The median OS was 18.1 months for the low-expression group compared to 11.8 months for the high-expression group (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16-0.78; p = 0.007). The objective response rate was significantly greater in the low GDF-15 group (52%) than in the high GDF-15 group (24%) (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Elevated GDF-15 expression in NSCLC tumor tissues is associated with poorer response to nivolumab, suggesting that GDF-15 is a potential prognostic biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy. These findings warrant further validation through prospective studies to optimize treatment strategies for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhun Akdogan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Betul Ogut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Sutcuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Sert
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gurler
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nalan Akyurek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozet
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Chen K, Dai P, Gu L. Building endoplasmic reticulum stress-related LncRNAs signatures of lung adenocarcinoma. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3731. [PMID: 39146558 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) could be a strategy for treating malignant tumors. Moreover, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can promote tumorigenesis and progression, and forecast the prognosis of cancers. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of ERS-related lncRNAs has not been reported in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS The messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and lncRNA expression data related to LUAD were obtained in public databases (TCGA and GEO databases). Prognostic ERS-related differentially expressed lncRNAs (ERS-DELs) were obtained and used to build an ERS-related model by Cox regression analysis. Moreover, we further screened independent prognostic elements and built a nomogram. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of genes was conducted to investigate the functions. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was built to explore mechanism of lncRNAs. Finally, qRT-PCR was utilized to examine the expression levels of lncRNAs. RESULTS 30 ERS-DELs were identified, and an ERS-related signature was built based on AF131215.2, LINC00472, LINC01352, RP1-78O14.1, RP11-253E3.3, RP11-98D18.9, and SNHG12. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that genes in the high-risk group were chiefly focused on the regulation of mRNA binding, and genes in the low-risk group were significantly focused on protein localization to cilia. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, containing 7 signature lncRNAs, 23 miRNAs, and 128 mRNAs, was also established. Eventually, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm that seven prognostic lncRNAs had a consistent expression with the analysis. CONCLUSIONS An ERS-related signature containing seven prognostic lncRNAs was built, which offered new thinking concerning the role of ERS-related lncRNAs in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- The Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- The Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lizhong Gu
- The Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Olateju OA, Zeng Z, Zakeri M, Sansgiry SS. Patterns of immunotherapy utilization for non-small cell lung cancer in Texas pre- and post-regulatory approval. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1908-1920. [PMID: 38554190 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapy has shown remarkable benefits for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) since approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Texas, however, ranks below the national average in access to treatment for NSCLC. This retrospective cohort study assessed first-line immunotherapy treatment patterns and associated factors pre- and post-FDA approval in Texas. METHODS Patients ≥18 years diagnosed with NSCLC from the Texas Cancer Registry database (2011-2018) and were stratified into pre- and post-FDA approval era. The rates of immunotherapy utilization were examined, and the average annual percent change (AAPC) in immunotherapy utilization across patient subgroups was compared. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations of patient characteristics with immunotherapy utilization for patients with metastatic- and all-stage NSCLC. RESULTS A total of 13,501 and 9509 patients with NSCLC were identified in pre-post-approval periods, respectively. Post-approval, immunotherapy utilization increased from 1.7 to 13.0%, and AAPC from 54.8 to 82.7%. Pre-approval, patients living in a county with ≥20% of households below the poverty level were less likely to receive immunotherapy (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.61-0.94) while patients with private insurance were more likely to receive immunotherapy (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.10-2.23). Post-approval, socioeconomic disparities were more prominent (10-19.9 and ≥20% of households below the poverty level: OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.66-0.90 and OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.60-0.86, respectively). Patients with metastatic NSCLC showed similar patterns of socioeconomic disparities pre- and post-approval. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that patients' socioeconomic status hinders immunotherapy utilization for NSCLC in Texas. This emphasizes the need for state health policy reforms such as Medicaid expansion and tailored cancer care strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke Adenike Olateju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Health 2, Room 4050, 4349 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Health 2, Room 4050, 4349 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Marjan Zakeri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Health 2, Room 4050, 4349 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA
| | - Sujit S Sansgiry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Health 2, Room 4050, 4349 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77204-5047, USA.
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Zhang L, Liu H, Shen J, Liu W, Liu D, Cheng L, Huang B. Selenium nanoparticles enhance the anti-tumor immune responses of anti-4-1BB antibody and alleviate the adverse effects on mice. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152839. [PMID: 39094396 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
4-1BB agonists for cancer immunotherapy have shown good preliminary efficacy in clinical trials, but several of the first-generation 4-1BB agonistic antibodies entering the clinic have failed due to safety issues. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and immune-modulating properties. In addition, they have been shown to have detoxifying effects and prevent oxidative liver damage. In this study, we used an anti-4-1BB antibody in combination with SeNPs to evaluate the anti-lung cancer effects in in vitro and in vivo experiments and explore the underlying mechanisms by pathological analyses, quantitative PCR, and enzyme-linked immunoassay. We found that 5 μmol·L-1 anti-4-1BB antibody combined with 1 μmol·L-1 SeNPs increased the expression of IFN-γ and promoted the killing effects of peripheral blood mononuclear cells on Lewis lung carcinoma cells, with a lethality rate up to 56.88 %. Experiments in tumor-bearing mice showed that the tumor inhibition rate was 58.61 % after treatment with 3.5 mg/kg anti-4-1BB antibody combined with 0.25 mg/kg SeNPs, and the liver function index returned to normal. When the combined treatment was compared with the antibody treatment alone, detection of immune relevant factors demonstrated that the expression of FOXP3, IL-2, IL-12, and TNF-α in the spleen was downregulated, whereas the expression of IFN-γ in the spleen, serum, and tumor was upregulated, accompanied by increased Fas ligand expression in the tumor tissues. Based on these findings, we get the conclusion that anti-4-1BB antibody combined with SeNPs may alleviate the immunosuppression of regulatory T cells, promote the immune cell proliferation and metastasis to synergistically kill tumor cells. This combination also reduces the inflammatory damage to normal tissues and slows overstimulation of the splenic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Houru Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liansheng Cheng
- Hefei HankeMab Biotechnology co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China.
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Xu T, Liu X, Chen Y, Wang S, Jiang C, Gong J. CT-based deep learning radiomics biomarker for programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:196. [PMID: 39085788 PMCID: PMC11292915 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), as a reliable predictive biomarker, plays an important role in guiding immunotherapy of lung cancer. To investigate the value of CT-based deep learning radiomics signature to predict PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancers(NSCLCs). METHODS 259 consecutive patients with pathological confirmed NSCLCs were retrospectively collected and divided into the training cohort and validation cohort according to the chronological order. The univariate and multivariate analyses were used to build the clinical model. Radiomics and deep learning features were extracted from preoperative non-contrast CT images. After feature selection, Radiomics score (Rad-score) and deep learning radiomics score (DLR-score) were calculated through a linear combination of the selected features and their coefficients. Predictive performance for PD-L1 expression was evaluated via the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic, the calibration curves, and the decision curve analysis. RESULTS The clinical model based on Cytokeratin 19 fragment and lobulated shape obtained an AUC of 0.767(95% CI: 0.673-0.860) in the training cohort and 0.604 (95% CI:0.477-0.731) in the validation cohort. 11 radiomics features and 15 deep learning features were selected by LASSO regression. AUCs of the Rad-score were 0.849 (95%CI: 0.783-0.914) and 0.717 (95%CI: 0.607-0.826) in the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. AUCs of DLR-score were 0.938 (95%CI: 0.899-0.977) and 0.818(95%CI:0.727-0.910) in the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. AUCs of the DLR-score were significantly higher than those of the Rad-score and the clinical model. CONCLUSION The CT-based deep learning radiomics signature could achieve clinically acceptable predictive performance for PD-L1 expression, which showed potential to be a surrogate imaging biomarker or a complement of immunohistochemistry assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shuxing Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Changsi Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 1F, Building 4, No. 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jingshan Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 1F, Building 4, No. 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Liu A, Liu G, Wang X, Yan D, Zhang J, Wei L. Comprehensive analysis of single-cell RNA and bulk RNA sequencing based on M2 tumor-associated macrophage and angiogenesis-related genes to assess prognosis and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34784. [PMID: 39148979 PMCID: PMC11325380 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
M2 tumor-associated macrophage (M2 TAM), a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment, has a significant impact on tumor invasion and metastasis in the form of angiogenesis for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, both single-cell RNA and bulk RNA sequencing data were analyzed to identify 12 M2 TAM and angiogenesis-related genes (OLR1, CTSL, HLA-DPB1, NUPR1, ALOX5, DOCK4, CSF2RB, PTPN6, TNFSF12, HNRNPA2B1, NCL, and BIRC2). These genes were used to construct a prognostic signature, which was subsequently validated using an external cohort. Moreover, the immune profile analysis indicated that the low-risk group exhibited a distinct immune cell infiltration and relatively active status. Importantly, the prognostic signature was closely associated with PD-1, CTLA4, tumor mutation burden, and anti-cancer drug sensitivity. In summary, this study proposes a new prognostic signature for patients with LUAD based on M2 TAM and angiogenesis-related genes. The signature forecasts the prognosis of LUAD by an independent manner, reveals the potential molecular mechanisms involved in tumor immune-related functions, and offers appropriate clinical strategies for the treatment of patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 266000, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Gengqiu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming Dist., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xiaohuai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming Dist., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Dongqing Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming Dist., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Junhang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming Dist., Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Zhenyuan Road, Guangming Dist., Shenzhen, 518107, China
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Jiang J, Mo W, Lian X, Cao D, Cheng H, Wang H. Detection of PD‑L1 expression and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of circulating tumor cells in non‑small cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:294. [PMID: 38827467 PMCID: PMC11140314 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the roles of peripheral circulating tumor cell (CTC) count, CTC subtypes and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in the clinical staging and prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 100 patients with NSCLC with available tumor tissues were enrolled in the present study, and 7.5 ml peripheral blood was collected. Patients were divided into PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative groups according to PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining. Peripheral blood samples from both groups were analyzed to determine the CTC count, epithelial-type CTCs (E-CTCs), mesenchymal-type CTCs (M-CTCs) and PD-L1 expression. Clinical data were collected, and patients were followed up for a maximum of 36 months, with patient death as the endpoint event. Patients with PD-L1-positive tumors had a worse prognosis compared with those with PD-L1-negative tumors (P=0.045). The PD-L1-positive group exhibited significantly higher numbers of CTCs and M-CTCs compared with the PD-L1-negative group (P≤0.05). However, the number of E-CTCs did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). PD-L1-positive patients with higher CTC and M-CTC counts had relatively poorer prognoses (P≤0.05), while the number of E-CTCs had no significant effect on prognosis (P>0.05). Compared with the early-stage NSCLC group, the late-stage NSCLC group exhibited a significant increase in the CTC count (P≤0.05), while E-CTC and M-CTC counts did not significantly differ between the two groups (P>0.05). The PD-L1-positive group exhibited a significant increase in the number of PD-L1+ CTCs and PD-L1+ M-CTCs compared with the PD-L1-negative group (P≤0.05), while PD-L1+ E-CTC counts did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). The PD-L1-positive patients with a higher number of PD-L1+ CTCs and PD-L1+ M-CTCs had relatively poorer prognoses (P≤0.05), while the PD-L1+ E-CTC count had no significant effect on prognosis (P>0.05). Compared with the early-stage NSCLC group, the late-stage NSCLC group exhibited a significant increase in the number of PD-L1+ CTCs and PD-L1+ M-CTCs (P≤0.05), while PD-L1+ E-CTC counts did not significantly differ between the two groups (P>0.05). Based on univariate and multivariate analyses, the number of PD-L1+ M-CTCs was identified as an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC. In conclusion, the presence of CTCs in peripheral blood, particularly PD-L1+ M-CTC subtype, indicated poorer clinical staging and prognosis in patients with NSCLC. These findings suggested that CTCs, specifically the PD-L1+ M-CTC subtype, could serve as a monitoring indicator for the clinical staging and prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Mo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Lian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Dakui Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Cheng
- Department of Nursing Administration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Haiqin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
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Cui H, Li H, Liu J, Zhao P, Liu Y, Zhong R, Li R, Cheng Y. The predictive value of E2F7 in immunotherapy efficacy for lung adenocarcinoma: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38574. [PMID: 38905387 PMCID: PMC11191985 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. In recent years, immunotherapy has greatly changed the treatment pattern of advanced LUAD. However, only a small proportion of LUAD patients benefitted from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. There is an urgent need to develop a biomarker to predict immune therapy response. E2F7 has been shown to be closely related to immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression in tumors. However, it is unclear whether the E2F7 expression is related to the immunotherapy efficacy in LUAD. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the clinical characteristics, function, and immunotherapy responsiveness of E2F7 expression, and to explore the potential of E2F7 as an immunotherapy response biomarker in LUAD. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and biological function of E2F7 expression based on data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus database. In addition, we used single-cell sequencing data to analyze the immune regulatory effects of E2F7 in LUAD. Furthermore, we analyzed the immunotherapy response prediction ability of E2F7 expression based on the immunotherapy database. Compared to normal lung tissue, E2F7 was specifically overexpressed in LUAD, and its expression was associated with higher malignancy and poor efficacy. E2F7 high expression was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of LUAD. E2F7 was enriched in cell division and cell cycle functions. In addition, the expressions of immune checkpoints were correlated with the E2F7 expression. E2F7 was highly expressed in myeloid cells, and E2F7 highly expressed myeloid cells were associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Moreover, the expression level of E2F7 can effectively distinguish different immune therapy responses in LUAD patients. E2F7 was upregulated in LUAD, and high expression of E2F7 was associated with higher malignancy and poor efficacy. E2F7 high expression was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of LUAD. Moreover, E2F7 may exert its immunosuppressive effect by affecting the function of myeloid cells. These results indicated the potential role of E2F7 as a biomarker for predicting LUAD immunotherapy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heran Cui
- Biobank, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Li
- Biobank, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
- Translational Oncology Research Lab, Jilin Province and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics for Lung Cancer, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Biobank, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Peiyan Zhao
- Translational Oncology Research Lab, Jilin Province and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics for Lung Cancer, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Translational Oncology Research Lab, Jilin Province and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics for Lung Cancer, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Translational Oncology Research Lab, Jilin Province and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics for Lung Cancer, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Rixin Li
- Biobank, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Translational Oncology Research Lab, Jilin Province and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics for Lung Cancer, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
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10
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Li R, Tong R, Zhang JL, Zhang Z, Deng M, Hou G. Comprehensive molecular analyses of cuproptosis-related genes with regard to prognosis, immune landscape, and response to immune checkpoint blockers in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:246. [PMID: 38722401 PMCID: PMC11081990 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have emphasized the importance of the biological processes of different forms of cell death in tumor heterogeneity and anti-tumor immunity. Nonetheless, the relationship between cuproptosis and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely unexplored. METHODS Data for 793 LUAD samples and 59 normal lung tissues obtained from TCGA-LUAD cohort GEO datasets were used in this study. A total of 165 LUAD tissue samples and paired normal lung tissue samples obtained from our hospital were used to verify the prognostic value of dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT) and dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) for LUAD. The cuproptosis-related molecular patterns of LUAD were identified using consensus molecular clustering. Recursive feature elimination with random forest and a tenfold cross-validation method was applied to construct the cuproptosis score (CPS) for LUAD. RESULTS Bioinformatic and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses revealed that 13 core genes of cuproptosis were all significantly elevated in LUAD tissues, among which DBT and DLAT were associated with poor prognosis (DLAT, HR = 6.103; DBT, HR = 4.985). Based on the expression pattern of the 13 genes, two distinct cuproptosis-related patterns have been observed in LUAD: cluster 2 which has a relatively higher level of cuproptosis was characterized by immunological ignorance; conversely, cluster 1 which has a relatively lower level of cuproptosis is characterized by TILs infiltration and anti-tumor response. Finally, a scoring scheme termed the CPS was established to quantify the cuproptosis-related pattern and predict the prognosis and the response to immune checkpoint blockers of each individual patient with LUAD. CONCLUSION Cuproptosis was found to influence tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics and heterogeneity in LUAD. Patients with a lower CPS had a relatively better prognosis, more abundant immune infiltration in the TME, and an enhanced response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Run Tong
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasmine Lin Zhang
- American International School, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Deng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Hou
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Cao Y, Li Y, Ren C, Yang C, Hao R, Mu T. Manganese-based nanomaterials promote synergistic photo-immunotherapy: green synthesis, underlying mechanisms, and multiple applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4097-4117. [PMID: 38587869 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02844e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Single phototherapy and immunotherapy have individually made great achievements in tumor treatment. However, monotherapy has difficulty in balancing accuracy and efficiency. Combining phototherapy with immunotherapy can realize the growth inhibition of distal metastatic tumors and enable the remote monitoring of tumor treatment. The development of nanomaterials with photo-responsiveness and anti-tumor immunity activation ability is crucial for achieving photo-immunotherapy. As immune adjuvants, photosensitizers and photothermal agents, manganese-based nanoparticles (Mn-based NPs) have become a research hotspot owing to their multiple ways of anti-tumor immunity regulation, photothermal conversion and multimodal imaging. However, systematic studies on the synergistic photo-immunotherapy applications of Mn-based NPs are still limited; especially, the green synthesis and mechanism of Mn-based NPs applied in immunotherapy are rarely comprehensively discussed. In this review, the synthesis strategies and function of Mn-based NPs in immunotherapy are first introduced. Next, the different mechanisms and leading applications of Mn-based NPs in immunotherapy are reviewed. In addition, the advantages of Mn-based NPs in synergistic photo-immunotherapy are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and research focus of Mn-based NPs in combination therapy are discussed, which might provide guidance for future personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Chengkai Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Rongzhang Hao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China.
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Wu X, Zhao X, Zhou C, Wei N, Xu Z, Zhang X. Prognostic and onco-immunological value of immune-related eRNAs-driven genes in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:188. [PMID: 38602568 PMCID: PMC11008071 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to comprehensively analyze the clinical value of immune-related eRNAs-driven genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and find the potential biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic response to improve the survival of this malignant disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to identify the immune-related eRNAs-driven genes. Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses were used to construct this prognostic risk signature. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm was conducted to evaluate the immune status based on the signature. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to evaluate the expression value of the signature genes between LUAD tissues and adjacent lung tissues. RESULTS Five immune-related eRNAs-driven genes (SHC1, GDF10, CCL14, FYN, and NOD1) were identified to construct a prognostic risk signature with favorable predictive capacity. The patients with high-risk scores based on the signature were significantly associated with the malignant clinical features compared with those with low-risk scores. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the sample in the low-risk group had a prolonged survival compared with those in the high-risk group. This risk signature was validated to have a promising predictive capacity and reliability in diverse clinical situations and independent cohorts. The functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that humoral immune response and intestinal immune network for IgA production pathway might be the underlying molecular mechanism related to the signature. The proportion of the vast majority of immune infiltrating cells in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group, and the immunotherapy response rate in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the high-risk group. Moreover, BI-2536, sepantronium bromide, and ULK1 were the potential drugs for the treatment of patients with higher risk scores. Finally, the experiment in vivo and database analysis indicated that CCL14, FYN, NOD1, and GDF10 are the potential LUAD suppressor and SHC1 is a potential treatment target for LUAD. CONCLUSION Above all, we constructed a prognostic risk signature with favorable predictive capacity in LUAD, which was significantly associated with malignant features, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy response and may provide clinical benefit in clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xingru Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Nan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Weiwu Road No.7, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Li Z, Pei S, Wang Y, Zhang G, Lin H, Dong S. Advancing predictive markers in lung adenocarcinoma: A machine learning-based immunotherapy prognostic prediction signature. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38591820 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is generally poor. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality, demonstrating remarkable potential for substantially prolonging the overall survival of individuals afflicted with LUAD. However, there is currently a lack of reliable signatures for identifying patients who would benefit from immunotherapy. We conducted a comparative analysis of two immunotherapy cohorts (OAK and POPLAR) and utilized single-factor COX regression to identify genes that significantly impact the prognosis of LUAD. Based on the TCGA-LUAD dataset, we employed a combination of 101 machine learning algorithms to construct a model and selected the optimal model. The model was validated on five GEO datasets and compared with 144 previously published signatures to assess its performance. Subsequently, we explored the underlying biological mechanisms through tumor mutation burden analysis, enrichment analysis, and immune infiltration analysis. An immunotherapy prognostic prediction signature (IPPS) was constructed based on 13 genes, showing robust performance in the TCGA-LUAD dataset. IPPS exhibited consistent predictive accuracy in the validation cohorts. Compared to 144 previously published signatures, IPPS consistently ranked among the top in terms of C-index values. Further exploration revealed differences between high and low-IPPS groups in terms of tumor mutation burden, pathway enrichment, and immune infiltration. IPPS demonstrates strong predictive capabilities for the prognosis of LUAD patients, offering the potential to identify suitable candidates for immunotherapy and contribute to precision treatment strategies for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Yangzhou University
| | - Shengbin Pei
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Afliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyang Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fuyang Tumor Hospital, Fuyang, China
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14
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Zhang L, Chen W, Wei H, Yu J. Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with KRAS mutations: A network meta-analysis. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2024; 18:e13745. [PMID: 38566277 PMCID: PMC10987378 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitors can improve the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with KRAS mutations; however, there is a lack of comparisons between treatment regimens associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, and our study aims to compare several treatment parties to find a more effective treatment regimen. METHOD A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to identify relevant studies. The screened studies were thoroughly examined, and data were collected to establish a Bayesian framework. The study focused on two primary endpoints: overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Data analysis and graphical plotting using R software and Revman (version 5.3). It is worth mentioning that the study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Registry for Systematic Reviews, ensuring transparency and adherence to predetermined protocols (CRD42022379595). RESULT In total, our analysis included six RCTs involving 469 patients with KRAS mutations. Among these patients, 224 received chemotherapy, while 245 were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Meta-analysis results showed that the addition of ICIs could significantly improve OS and PFS (0.69, 95% CI 0.55, 0.86; 0.57, 95% CI 0.42, 0.77). The results of the network meta-analysis showed that Pembrolizumab could improve OS (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.80) and Pembrolizumab emerged as the most effective treatment option for enhancing OS in patients (SUCRA 65.03%). Additionally, pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy showed improvement in PFS (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.76). CONCLUSION Our analysis found that among advanced NSCLC patients with KRAS gene mutations, first-line treatment with pembrolizumab alone demonstrated greater efficacy. Similarly, second-line treatment with nivolumab alone was found to be more effective in this patient population. However, the sample size of this study was limited, Therefore, additional clinical data is necessary to validate this finding in subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of PharmacyEmergency General Hospital BeijingChina
| | - Hongtao Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Junxian Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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15
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Lee JY, Bhandare RR, Boddu SHS, Shaik AB, Saktivel LP, Gupta G, Negi P, Barakat M, Singh SK, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumour suppressor genes in lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116275. [PMID: 38394846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumour suppressor genes play a cardinal role in the development of a large array of human cancers, including lung cancer, which is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Therefore, extensive studies have been committed to deciphering the underlying mechanisms of alterations of tumour suppressor genes in governing tumourigenesis, as well as resistance to cancer therapies. In spite of the encouraging clinical outcomes demonstrated by lung cancer patients on initial treatment, the subsequent unresponsiveness to first-line treatments manifested by virtually all the patients is inherently a contentious issue. In light of the aforementioned concerns, this review compiles the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of some of the tumour suppressor genes implicated in lung cancer that are either frequently mutated and/or are located on the chromosomal arms having high LOH rates (1p, 3p, 9p, 10q, 13q, and 17p). Our study identifies specific genomic loci prone to LOH, revealing a recurrent pattern in lung cancer cases. These loci, including 3p14.2 (FHIT), 9p21.3 (p16INK4a), 10q23 (PTEN), 17p13 (TP53), exhibit a higher susceptibility to LOH due to environmental factors such as exposure to DNA-damaging agents (carcinogens in cigarette smoke) and genetic factors such as chromosomal instability, genetic mutations, DNA replication errors, and genetic predisposition. Furthermore, this review summarizes the current treatment landscape and advancements for lung cancers, including the challenges and endeavours to overcome it. This review envisages inspired researchers to embark on a journey of discovery to add to the list of what was known in hopes of prompting the development of effective therapeutic strategies for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yee Lee
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Richie R Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Al-Jurf, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jurf, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Al-Jurf, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jurf, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afzal B Shaik
- St. Mary's College of Pharmacy, St. Mary's Group of Institutions Guntur, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Chebrolu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522212, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India
| | - Lakshmana Prabu Saktivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering (BIT Campus), Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jurf, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India
| | - Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman-11937, Jordan
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara 144411, India; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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Souza VGP, Telkar N, Lam WL, Reis PP. Comprehensive Analysis of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Brain Metastasis through Integrated Single-Cell Transcriptomics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3779. [PMID: 38612588 PMCID: PMC11012108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly prevalent and lethal form of lung cancer, comprising approximately half of all cases. It is often diagnosed at advanced stages with brain metastasis (BM), resulting in high mortality rates. Current BM management involves complex interventions and conventional therapies that offer limited survival benefits with neurotoxic side effects. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex system where cancer cells interact with various elements, significantly influencing tumor behavior. Immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, target the TME for cancer treatment. Despite their effectiveness, it is crucial to understand metastatic lung cancer and the specific characteristics of the TME, including cell-cell communication mechanisms, to refine treatments. Herein, we investigated the tumor microenvironment of brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD-BM) and primary tumors across various stages (I, II, III, and IV) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from publicly available datasets. Our analysis included exploring the immune and non-immune cell composition and the expression profiles and functions of cell type-specific genes, and investigating the interactions between different cells within the TME. Our results showed that T cells constitute the majority of immune cells present in primary tumors, whereas microglia represent the most dominant immune cell type in BM. Interestingly, microglia exhibit a significant increase in the COX pathway. Moreover, we have shown that microglia primarily interact with oligodendrocytes and endothelial cells. One significant interaction was identified between DLL4 and NOTCH4, which demonstrated a relevant association between endothelial cells and microglia and between microglia and oligodendrocytes. Finally, we observed that several genes within the HLA complex are suppressed in BM tissue. Our study reveals the complex molecular and cellular dynamics of BM-LUAD, providing a path for improved patient outcomes with personalized treatments and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G. P. Souza
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Patricia P. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
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Gao F, You X, Yang L, Zou X, Sui B. Boosting immune responses in lung tumor immune microenvironment: A comprehensive review of strategies and adjuvants. Int Rev Immunol 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38525925 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2333275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The immune system has a substantial impact on the growth and expansion of lung malignancies. Immune cells are encompassed by a stroma comprising an extracellular matrix (ECM) and different cells like stromal cells, which are known as the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TME is marked by the presence of immunosuppressive factors, which inhibit the function of immune cells and expand tumor growth. In recent years, numerous strategies and adjuvants have been developed to extend immune responses in the TIME, to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we outline the present knowledge of immune evasion mechanisms in lung TIME, explain the biology of immune cells and diverse effectors on these components, and discuss various approaches for overcoming suppressive barriers. We highlight the potential of novel adjuvants, including toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, cytokines, phytochemicals, nanocarriers, and oncolytic viruses, for enhancing immune responses in the TME. Ultimately, we provide a summary of ongoing clinical trials investigating these strategies and adjuvants in lung cancer patients. This review also provides a broad overview of the current state-of-the-art in boosting immune responses in the TIME and highlights the potential of these approaches for improving outcomes in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing You
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Da Qing Long Nan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiangni Zou
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bowen Sui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Ma M, Li L, Yang SH, Huang C, Zhuang W, Huang S, Xia X, Tang Y, Li Z, Zhao ZB, Chen Q, Qiao G, Lian ZX. Lymphatic endothelial cell-mediated accumulation of CD177 +Treg cells suppresses antitumor immunity in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2327692. [PMID: 38516269 PMCID: PMC10956621 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2327692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical in shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment to favor tumor progression and resistance to therapies. However, the heterogeneity and function of Treg cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain underexplored. We identified CD177 as a tumor-infiltrating Treg cell marker in ESCC. Interestingly, expression levels of CD177 and PD-1 were mutually exclusive in tumor Treg cells. CD177+ Treg cells expressed high levels of IL35, in association with CD8+ T cell exhaustion, whereas PD-1+ Treg cells expressed high levels of IL10. Pan-cancer analysis revealed that CD177+ Treg cells display increased clonal expansion compared to PD-1+ and double-negative (DN) Treg cells, and CD177+ and PD-1+ Treg cells develop from the same DN Treg cell origin. Importantly, we found CD177+ Treg cell infiltration to be associated with poor overall survival and poor response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in ESCC patients. Finally, we found that lymphatic endothelial cells are associated with CD177+ Treg cell accumulation in ESCC tumors, which are also decreased after anti-PD-1 immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. Our work identifies CD177+ Treg cell as a tumor-specific Treg cell subset and highlights their potential value as a prognostic marker of survival and response to immunotherapy and a therapeutic target in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Han Yang
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Huang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatrics, Concord Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibin Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang K, Wen H, Ge D, Gu J, Zhang C. FGL1 in plasma extracellular vesicles is correlated with clinical stage of lung adenocarcinoma and anti-PD-L1 response. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:68-79. [PMID: 38146642 PMCID: PMC10929704 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein-1 (FGL1) is confirmed a major ligand of lymphocyte activation gene-3 which could inhibit antigen-mediated T-cell response and evade immune supervision. Although hepatocytes secrete large amounts of FGL1, its high expression also be detected in solid tumors such as lung cancer, leading to a poor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. Here we reported that FGL1 was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma. However, FGL1 in tissue and plasma can only distinguish LUAD patients from healthy donors and cannot correlate with clinical Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage. Using lung cancer cell lines, we confirmed that FGL1 can be detected on extracellular vesicles (EVs) and we established a method using flow cytometry to detect FGL1 on the surface of EVs, which revealed that FGL1 could be secreted via EVs. Both animal model and clinical samples proved that plasma FGL1 in EVs would increase when the tumor was loaded. The level of FGL1 in plasma EVs was correlated with clinical TNM stage and tumor size, and a higher level indicated non-responsiveness to anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) immunotherapy. Its effect on tumor progression and immune evasion may be achieved by impairing the killing and proliferating capacities of CD8+ T cells. Our result demonstrates that FGL1 levels in plasma EVs, but not total plasma FGL1, could be a promising biomarker that plays an important role in predicting anti-PD-L1 immune therapy in LUAD and suggests a new strategy in LUAD immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Barr T, Ma S, Li Z, Yu J. Recent advances and remaining challenges in lung cancer therapy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:533-546. [PMID: 38321811 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer death. Given the continued research into new drugs and combination therapies, outcomes in lung cancer have been improved, and clinical benefits have been expanded to a broader patient population. However, the overall cure and survival rates for lung cancer patients remain low, especially in metastatic cases. Among the available lung cancer treatment options, such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and alternative therapies, immunotherapy has shown to be the most promising. The exponential progress in immuno-oncology research and recent advancements made in the field of immunotherapy will further increase the survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients. Substantial progress has been made in targeted therapies using tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint inhibitors with many US Food And Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs targeting the programmed cell death ligand-1 protein (e.g., durvalumab, atezolizumab), the programmed cell death-1 receptor (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (e.g., tremelimumab, ipilimumab). Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive T cell therapies, and Natural killer cell mono- and combinational therapies are rapidly being studied, yet to date, there are currently none that are FDA-approved for the treatment of lung cancer. In this review, we discuss the current lung cancer therapies with an emphasis on immunotherapy, including the challenges for future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Barr
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
| | - Shoubao Ma
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
| | - Zhixin Li
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, California 91010, USA
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21
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Sarma K, Akther MH, Ahmad I, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Alossaimi MA, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Gautam P. Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1076. [PMID: 38474590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the lowest survival rate due to its late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. These factors decrease the effectiveness of treatment. They release chemokines and cytokines from the tumor microenvironment (TME). To improve the effectiveness of treatment, researchers emphasize personalized adjuvant therapies along with conventional ones. Targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems and specific pathway-blocking agents using nanocarriers are a few of them. This study explored the nanocarrier roles and strategies to improve the treatment profile's effectiveness by striving for TME. A biofunctionalized nanocarrier stimulates biosystem interaction, cellular uptake, immune system escape, and vascular changes for penetration into the TME. Inorganic metal compounds scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) through their photothermal effect. Stroma, hypoxia, pH, and immunity-modulating agents conjugated or modified nanocarriers co-administered with pathway-blocking or condition-modulating agents can regulate extracellular matrix (ECM), Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk receptors (TAM) regulation, regulatory T-cell (Treg) inhibition, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) inhibition. Again, biomimetic conjugation or the surface modification of nanocarriers using ligands can enhance active targeting efficacy by bypassing the TME. A carrier system with biofunctionalized inorganic metal compounds and organic compound complex-loaded drugs is convenient for NSCLC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkan Sarma
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Md Habban Akther
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S A Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preety Gautam
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
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22
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Li H, Shyam Sunder S, Jatwani K, Bae Y, Deng L, Liu Q, Dy GK, Pokharel S. Tumor Characteristics and Treatment Responsiveness in Pembrolizumab-Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:744. [PMID: 38398135 PMCID: PMC10887414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pembrolizumab, a widely used immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Identifying unique tumor characteristics in patients likely to respond to pembrolizumab could help the clinical adjudication and development of a personalized therapeutic strategy. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the clinical data and pathological features of 84 NSCLC patients treated with pembrolizumab. We examined the correlation between the clinical and demographic characteristics and the tumor histopathologic features obtained before immunotherapy. The response to pembrolizumab therapy was evaluated via the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). The clinical data and cancer tissue characteristics were assessed and compared among three groups according to the following RECIST: the responsive group (RG), the stable disease group (SD), and the progressive disease group (PD), where the RG comprised patients with either a complete response (CR) or a partial response (PR). The overall survival rate of the RG group was significantly higher than the SD and PD groups. In addition, the percentage of pre-treatment viable tumor cell content in the RG and SD groups was significantly higher. At the same time, the extracellular stroma proportion was significantly lower than that of the PD group. The number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the RG group was significantly higher than in the PD group. There were no significant differences in tumor necrosis, the stroma composition, PD-L1 expression level (TPS 1-49% vs. ≥50%), and treatment response. In conclusion, our population of NSCLC patients who experienced positive treatment responses to pembrolizumab therapy had a better prognosis compared to patients with either SD or PD. Moreover, the relative proportions of viable tumor cells to tumor-associated lymphocytes were associated with responsiveness to treatment. It is expected that larger prospective clinical studies will further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sunitha Shyam Sunder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Karan Jatwani
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Grace K. Dy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
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23
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Gong Z, Peng S, Cao J, Tan H, Zhao H, Bai J. Advances in the variations and biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive nanodrug delivery systems. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:132001. [PMID: 38198449 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important cancer treatment modality, but the clinical utility of chemotherapeutics is limited by their toxic side effects, inadequate distribution and insufficient intracellular concentrations. Nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) have shown significant advantages in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Variable NDDSs that respond to endogenous and exogenous triggers have attracted much research interest. Here, we summarized nanomaterials commonly used for tumor therapy, such as peptides, liposomes, and carbon nanotubes, as well as the responses of NDDSs to pH, enzymes, magnetic fields, light, and multiple stimuli. Specifically, well-designed NDDSs can change in size or morphology or rupture when induced by one or more stimuli. The varying responses of NDDSs to stimulation contribute to the molecular design and development of novel NDDSs, providing new ideas for improving drug penetration and accumulation, inhibiting tumor resistance and metastasis, and enhancing immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongying Gong
- College of Economics and Management, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Peng
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Cao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Haining Tan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Bai
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
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24
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Ding R, Sang S, Yi J, Xie H, Wang F, Dai A. G6PD is a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:466-492. [PMID: 38194707 PMCID: PMC10817399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) shows a poor prognosis. Detecting related genes is imperative for prognosis prediction. METHODS The gene expression profiles of LUAD and PAH were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, respectively. The co-expression modules associated with LUAD and PAH were evaluated using the Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The relationship between key gene expression with immune-cell infiltration and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) was evaluated. We confirmed the mRNA and protein levels in vivo and vitro. G6PD knockdown was used to conduct the colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay, and scratch wound assay of A549 cells. EDU staining and CCK8 assay were performed on G6PD knockdown HPASMCs. We identified therapeutic drug molecules and performed molecular docking between the key gene and small drug molecules. RESULTS Three major modules and 52 overlapped genes were recognized in LUAD and PAH. We identified the key gene G6PD, which was significantly upregulated in LUAD and PAH. In addition, we discovered a significant difference in infiltration for most immune cells between high- and low-G6PD expression groups. The mRNA and protein expressions of G6PD were significantly upregulated in LUAD and PAH. G6PD knockdown decreased proliferation, cloning, and migration of A549 cells and cell proliferation in HPASMCs. We screened five potential drug molecules against G6PD and targeted glutaraldehyde by molecular docking. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that G6PD is an immune-related biomarker and a possible therapeutic target for LUAD and PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhen Ding
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuliu Sang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Haiping Xie
- Department of Urinary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feiying Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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25
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Hu Q, Wang S, Cheng R, Liu Y, Chang Z, Huang Y, Chen Y, Luo X, Zhou L, Wang B, Gao Y, Chen H, Liu R, Zhang L. Tannins in Phyllanthus emblica L. improves cisplatin efficacy in lung cancer cells by boosting endoplasmic reticulum stress to trigger immunogenic cell death. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155219. [PMID: 38056150 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers world-wide and immunotherapy has been considered as a promising therapeutic strategy. Previously, our study found that tannins in Phyllanthus emblica L. (PTF) could inhibit the growth of tumor by activating the immune response in liver cancer, and also exhibited a cytotoxicity on human lung cancer cells A549, H460, H1703 in vitro. OBJECTIVE To explore whether PTF inhibited the growth of lung cancer through its immune-regulating function and to clarify underlying mechanisms. METHODS The induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) were characterized by calreticulin exposure, extracellular ATP secretion, and High Mobility Group Box 1(HMGB1) release both in vivo using LLC-derived xenograft tumor model and in vitro using both mouse LLC and human A549 cancer cells. RESULTS PTF inhibited lung cancer cells growth and tumorigenesis in vivo/vitro and promoted anti-tumor immune responses. We further found that PTF could induce ICD, which then activated Type I interferon responses and CXCL9/10-mediated chemotaxis. Mechanistically, PTF induced the formation of intracellular protein aggregates and following activation of PERK/ATF4/CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress-related ICD. Moreover, PTF improved the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin by inducing ICD both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we screened out 5 components from PTF, including gallocatechin, gallic acid, methyl gallate, ethyl gallate and ellagic acid, which could induce ICD in vitro and might be considered as the potential antitumor pharmacodynamic substances. CONCLUSION In conclusion, PTF inhibits the growth of lung cancer by triggering ICD and remodeling the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that PTF may have promising prospects as an adjacent immunotherapy for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Shukai Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ruiyang Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Zihao Chang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ya Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Yinxin Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Lipeng Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Baojin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Ye Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Hongjiao Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China.
| | - Lanzhen Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Road, Beijing 102488, PR China.
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26
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Rui M, Wang Y, Li Y, Fei Z. Immunotherapy Guided by Immunohistochemistry PD-L1 Testing for Patients with NSCLC: A Microsimulation Model-Based Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. BioDrugs 2024; 38:157-170. [PMID: 37792142 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the basis of immunohistochemistry PD-L1 testing results, patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are treated differently. Theoretically, patients with high PD-L1 expression (50% or 1%) should receive PD-1 monotherapy for fewer adverse reactions and cost savings from avoiding chemotherapy; however, there is controversy surrounding the cut-off criteria (1% or 50%) for immunohistochemistry testing and threshold for PD-1 monotherapy. OBJECTIVE This study aims to predict the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different immunotherapy strategies for patients with NSCLC in China from the healthcare system perspective. PATIENTS AND METHODS A microsimulation model was developed to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three treatment strategies: PD-L1 testing (1%) (PD-1 monotherapy for those with PD-L1 expression at 1% threshold, and combination with chemotherapy for others with immunohistochemistry testing), PD-L1 testing (50%) (PD-1 monotherapy for those with PD-L1 expression at 50% threshold, and combination with chemotherapy for others with immunohistochemistry testing), and No PD-L1 testing (PD-1 combined with chemotherapy without immunohistochemistry testing). The model assumed 1000 patients per strategy, with each patient entering a unique clinical path prior to receiving treatment on the basis of PD-L1 test results. Clinical inputs were derived from clinical trials. Cost and utility parameters were obtained from the database and literature. One-way probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) and six scenario analyses were used to test the model's robustness. RESULTS The study revealed a hierarchy of survival benefits across three strategies, with No PD-L1 testing demonstrating the most survival advantage, followed by PD-L1 testing (50%), and finally, PD-L1 testing (1%). The comparative analysis demonstrated that No PD-L1 testing significantly enhanced overall survival (OS) (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.78-0.93), progression-free survival (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75-0.90), and progression-free2 survival (PFS2) (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99) when juxtaposed against PD-L1 testing (1%). However, these improvements were not as pronounced when compared with PD-L1 testing (50%), particularly in relation to PFS, PFS2, and OS. The cost-effectiveness analysis further unveiled incremental cost-utility ratios (ICUR), with No PD-L1 testing versus PD-L1 testing (50%) at $34,003 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and No PD-L1 testing versus PD-L1 testing (1%) at $34,804 per QALY. In parallel, the ICUR for PD-L1 testing (50%) versus PD-L1 testing (1%) stood at $35,713 per QALY. Remarkably, the PSA result under a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $10,144 per QALY, with a 100% probability, demonstrated PD-L1 testing (1%) as the most cost-effective option. CONCLUSIONS The survival benefits of PD-1 monotherapy for high expression with PD-L1 immunohistochemistry testing are inferior to those of PD-1 combined with chemotherapy without testing, but it is found to be more cost-effective at the WTP thresholds in China and holds great potential in increasing affordability and reducing the economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Rui
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yingcheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Institute for Global Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zhengyang Fei
- Center for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wang F, Deng G, Liang N, Hu P, Liu K, Liu T, Li Y, Yuan M, Liu L, Xie J, Qiao L, Liu F, Zhang J. Serum ferritin level is an effective prognostic factor for lung cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2285367. [PMID: 38031846 PMCID: PMC10783829 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2285367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy of lung cancer has achieved promising clinical results. However, it is urgent to develop predictive biomarkers for effective immunotherapy. While ferroptosis plays a critical role in immunotherapy efficacy, ferritin is an important regulatory factor. We, therefore, hypothesize that basal serum ferritin levels before immunotherapy and their corresponding changes during immunotherapy can be useful predictors of immunotherapy response in patients with lung cancer. We measured serum ferritin levels in 107 patients with lung cancer before and during immune checkpoint blockade treatments and studied the correlation between ferritin levels, response rate, and survival. Moreover, the correlation between basal ferritin and PD-L1 expression, tumor stages and pathological types was also analyzed. Patients with lower basal serum ferritin levels before immunotherapy had longer progression-free survival (PFS) (median 7 vs 4 months, P = .023) and higher disease control rate (DCR) (X2 = 4.837, P = .028), those with downregulated serum ferritin levels during immunotherapy correlated with longer PFS (median 9.5 vs 4 months, P < .001) and higher DCR (X2 = 6.475, P = .011). However, the "integrated factor", which was calculated as the combination of lower basal serum ferritin levels before immunotherapy and downregulated serum ferritin levels during immunotherapy, correlated with prolonged PFS (P < .001). Multivariate analyses revealed that the basal serum ferritin levels before immunotherapy and the corresponding changes during immunotherapy were both strong independent prognostic factors (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.60, P = .041; HR = 2.65, P = .001). These findings suggest that serum ferritin levels can be used as a prognostic biomarker for lung cancer in predicting immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Shizhong District People’s Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Guodong Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Pingping Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Qiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Wang Y, Song W, Xu Q, Liu Y, Liu H, Guo R, Chiou CJ, Gao K, Jin B, Chen C, Li Z, Yan J, Yu J. Adjuvant DNA vaccine pNMM promotes enhanced specific immunity and anti-tumor effects. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2202127. [PMID: 37128699 PMCID: PMC10142307 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2202127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA vaccines containing only antigenic components have limited efficacy and may fail to induce effective immune responses. Consequently, adjuvant molecules are often added to enhance immunogenicity. In this study, we generated a tumor vaccine using a plasmid encoding NMM (NY-ESO-1/MAGE-A3/MUC1) target antigens and immune-associated molecules. The products of the vaccine were analyzed in 293 T cells by western blotting, flow cytometry, and meso-scale discovery electrochemiluminescence. To assess the immunogenicity obtained, C57BL/6 mice were immunized using the DNA vaccine. The results revealed that following immunization, this DNA vaccine induced cellular immune responses in C57BL/6 mice, as evaluated by the release of IFN-γ, and we also detected increases in the percentages of nonspecific lymphocytes, as well as those of antigen-specific T cells. Furthermore, immunization with the pNMM vaccine was found to significantly inhibit tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice with B16-NMM+-tumors. Our data revealed that pNMM DNA vaccines not only confer enhanced immunity against tumors but also provide a potentially novel approach for vaccine design. Moreover, our findings provide a basis for further studies on vaccine pharmacodynamics and pharmacology, and lay a solid foundation for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yachao Liu
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Hezhong Liu
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Runzi Guo
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Chuang-Jiun Chiou
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Kun Gao
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Baofeng Jin
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongming Li
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Jinqi Yan
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
| | - Jiyun Yu
- Gu'an Dingtai Haigui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Peptide Valley Biomedical Incubation Port, Gu'an County, Hebei, China
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Nijhawan HP, Prabhakar B, Misra A, Yadav KS. Fragmented antibodies in non-small cell lung cancer: A novel nano-engineered delivery system for detection and treatment of cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103701. [PMID: 37453459 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a long history of defying traditional cytotoxic treatment. Significant advancements in biotechnology, cancer biology, and immunotherapy have provided new insights that have altered the landscape for the management of NSCLC, clearing the way for a new era of pharmaceuticals in the form of monoclonal antibodies and their fragments. Antibody fragments are superior to monoclonal antibodies because of their small size, which allows them to penetrate cells and tissues effectively. When combined with functional nanocarriers, antibody fragments can target cancer cells while offering improved efficacy and fewer off-target effects. We discuss current topics of interest including anti-CTLA-4 mAbs, Talactoferrin alfa (TLF), and the CYFRA 21-1 biomarker, with brief insights into its novel detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh P Nijhawan
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Bala Prabhakar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Khushwant S Yadav
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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Sun J, Xi L, Zhang D, Gao F, Wang L, Yang G. A novel tumor immunotherapy-related signature for risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and immune status in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18709. [PMID: 37907783 PMCID: PMC10618198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a strategy to deal with cancer is increasingly being used clinically, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aim to create an immunotherapy-related signature that can play a role in predicting HCC patients' survival and therapeutic outcomes. Immunotherapy-related genes were discovered first. Clinical information and gene expression data were extracted from GSE140901. By a series of bioinformatics methods to analyze, overlapping genes were used to build an immunotherapy-related signature that could contribute to predict both the prognosis of people with hepatocellular carcinoma and responder to immune checkpoint blockade therapy of them in TCGA database. Differences of the two groups in immune cell subpopulations were then compared. Furthermore, A nomogram was constructed, based on the immunotherapy-related signature and clinicopathological features, and proved to be highly predictive. Finally, immunohistochemistry assays were performed in HCC tissue and normal tissue adjacent tumors to verify the differences of the four genes expression. As a result of this study, a prognostic protein profile associated with immunotherapy had been created, which could be applied to predict patients' response to immunotherapy and may provide a new perspective as clinicians focus on non-apoptotic treatment for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Sun
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Lefeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Dechen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Feipei Gao
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Guangying Yang
- Department of Pathology, Zhengzhou YIHE Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan Province, China.
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Wang Y, Li J, Wu Q, Chang Q, Guo S. Pathogen distribution in pulmonary infection in chinese patients with lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:402. [PMID: 37872568 PMCID: PMC10594703 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunity of patients with lung cancer decreases after treatment; thus, they are easily infected with pathogenic bacteria that causes pulmonary infections. Understanding the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer after treatment can provide a basis to effectively prevent infection and rationally use antibacterial drugs. However, no meta-analyses have assessed the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in mainland China. Therefore, our meta-analysis aimed to investigate the pathogen distribution in pulmonary infection in Chinese patients with lung cancer. METHODS A literature search was conducted to study the pathogen distribution in pulmonary infection in Chinese patients with lung cancer between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2022, using English and Chinese databases. The relevant data were extracted. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model ( I2 > 50%) with 95% confidence intervals for forest plots. Data were processed using RevMan 5.3. RESULTS Fifteen studies (2,683 strains in 2,129 patients with pulmonary infection were cultured) met the evaluation criteria. The results showed that Gram-negative bacteria had the highest detection rate (63%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (23%), and fungi (12%). Among the Gram-negative bacteria detected, the distribution of the main pathogenic bacteria was Klebsiella pneumonia (17%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14%), Escherichia coli (13%), Acinetobacter baumannii (7%), Enterobacter cloacae (4%), and Hemophilus influenza (4%). Moreover, the prevalence of pulmonary infections after chemotherapy (53%) was significantly higher than that after surgery (10%), P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of pulmonary infections after treatment, especially after chemotherapy, is high in Chinese patients with lung cancer, and Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens. Further studies are needed to monitor the prevalence of pulmonary infections and pathogen distribution in lung cancer patients in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linfen Central Hospital, 041000, Linfen, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linfen Central Hospital, 041000, Linfen, China
| | - Qinqin Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linfen Central Hospital, 041000, Linfen, China
| | - Qin Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linfen Central Hospital, 041000, Linfen, China
| | - Shuming Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Linfen Central Hospital, 041000, Linfen, China.
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Zhang XD, Liu ZY, Luo K, Wang XK, Wang MS, Huang S, Li RF. Clinical implications of RAB13 expression in pan-cancer based on multi-databases integrative analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16859. [PMID: 37803063 PMCID: PMC10558570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, cancer is a huge burden, and each year sees an increase in its incidence. RAB (Ras-related in brain) 13 is crucial for a number of tumor types. But more research on RAB13's tumor-related mechanism is still required. This study's goal was to investigate RAB13's function in human pan-cancer, and we have also preliminarily explored the relevant mechanisms. To investigate the differential expression, survival prognosis, immunological checkpoints, and pathological stage of RAB13 in human pan-cancer, respectively, databases of TIMER2.0, GEPIA 2, and UALCAN were employed. CBioPortal database was used to analyze the mutation level, meanwhile, PPI network was constructed based on STRING website. The putative functions of RAB13 in immunological infiltration were investigated using single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The mechanism of RAB13 in hepatocellular cancer was also briefly investigated by us using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). RAB13 was differentially expressed in a number of different cancers, including liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), etc. Additionally, RAB13 overexpression in LGG and LIHC is associated with a worse prognosis, including overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Then, we observed that early in BLCA, BRAC, CHOL, ESCA, HNSC, KICH, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, LUSC, and STAD, the level of RAB13 expression was raised. Next, we found that "amplification" was the most common mutation in RAB13. The expression of SLC39A1, JTB, SSR2, SNAPIN, and RHOC was strongly positively linked with RAB13, according to a correlation study. RAB13 favorably regulated B cell, CD8 + T cell, CD4 + T cell, macrophage, neutrophil, and dendritic cell in LIHC, according to immune infiltration analysis. Immune checkpoint study revealed a positive correlation between RAB13 expression and PD1, PDL1, and CTLA4 in LIHC. According to GSEA, RAB13 is involved in a number of processes in LIHC, including MTORC1 signaling, MYC targets v1, G2M checkpoint, MITOTIC spindle, DNA repair, P53 pathway, glycolysis, PI3K-AKT-MTOR signaling, etc. RAB13 is a possible therapeutic target in LIHC and can be used as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Zhang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Liu
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Kun Wang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Mao-Sen Wang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
| | - Ren-Feng Li
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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Luo Y, Chen D, Xing XL. Comprehensive Analyses Revealed Eight Immune Related Signatures Correlated With Aberrant Methylations as Prognosis and Diagnosis Biomarkers for Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023; 21:537-545. [PMID: 37455213 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) is a common type of renal cell carcinoma. DNA methylation plays an important role in the development of several cancers. The aim of our study was to identify differentially expressed genes associated with abnormal DNA methylation as biomarkers for predicting the outcome of KIRP. METHOD We downloaded KIRP methylation data, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data, and their corresponding clinical information from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. ChAMP and DEGseq2 packages in R software were used to screen differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify suitable immune related genes correlated with aberrant methylations as prognosis biomarkers. RESULTS We identified 8 DEGs (Cysteine And Glycine Rich Protein 1 [CSRP1], major histocompatibility complex, Class II, DM Beta [HLA-DMB], LIF Receptor Subunit Alpha [LIFR], Leukotriene B4 receptor 2 [LTB4R2], Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 14 [MAP3K14], Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F Member 1 [NR2F1], Secreted And Transmembrane 1 [SECTM1], and Vimentin [VIM]) that were independently associated with the overall survival (months) (OS) of KIRP. The time dependent area under the curve (AUC) for each receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the risk assessment model at 1, 3, 5, and 10-years reached 0.8415, 0.8131, 0.7873, and 0.7667. The risk assessment model was correlated with several immune cells and factors. The AUC value of the diagnosis model using those 8 DEGs reached 0.99. CONCLUSIONS The risk assessment model constructed by those 8 DEGs was well able to predict the prognosis and diagnose of KIRP. However, whether the prognosis and diagnosis model could be applied in clinical practice requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueji Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Danna Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Liang Xing
- School of Public Health and Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, P. R. China.
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Xiao G, Xu X, Chen Z, Zeng J, Xie J. SPAG5 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis and is Associated With Adverse Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinomas. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231199915. [PMID: 37744424 PMCID: PMC10517604 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231199915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) has been identified as a novel driver oncogene involved in multiple cancers; however, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) needs further investigation. Our study aims to elucidate the potential significance of SPAG5 in LUAD prognosis and its implications for the efficacy of immunotherapy. Methods In this study, we used bioinformatics analysis and tissue microarray (TMA) staining to examine the potential role of SPAG5 in LUAD survival and response to immunotherapy. We used the Oncomine, TIMER2.0, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Sangerbox, PredicScan, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases to examine the expression and prognostic role of SPAG5 in the LUAD of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and other databases. We also used Cancer Single-cell State Atlas (CancerSEA) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0) to analyze the association of SPAG5 with malignant phenotype and tumor immune microenvironment. Furthermore, Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI) analysis of TCGA sequencing data was used to predict the role of SPAG5 in determining the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in LUAD. Co-expression analysis of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and SPAG5 was performed using LUAD TMA immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Results Our findings indicate that SPAG5 is overexpressed in LUAD and is positively correlated with advanced clinical stage, poor overall survival, relapse-free survival, and progression-free survival outcomes. SPAG5 may be involved in regulating the cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, DNA damage and repair, and tumor immunosuppression. Furthermore, TMA IHC analysis showed a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression in LUAD and SPAG5 which suggests that SPAG5 may serve as a potential predictor of response to ICB therapy in LUAD. Conclusions Our results highlight the role of SAPG5 in promoting a tumor malignancy phenotype and immunosuppression in LUAD and suggest that SPAG5 may serve as a potential response marker for ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xie Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjiang Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Gu X, Li X, Zhang X, Tong L, Feng R, Liu L, Sun H, Zhang Q, Bian T, Zhang J, Gao L, Zhang C, Liu J, Liu Y. Noncoding RNA-Mediated High Expression of PFKFB3 Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Tumor Immune Infiltration of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:767-783. [PMID: 37771939 PMCID: PMC10522466 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s416155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence showing that 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFKFB3) plays crucial roles in different types of human cancers, including LUAD; however, the specific mechanism by which PFKFB3 plays a role in LUAD remains unclear. Methods We investigated the expression of PFKFB3 and explored the underlying mechanism as well as the correlation with immune markers using several online datasets, such as Tumor Immune Estimate Resource (TIMER), UALCAN, and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, miRWalk, Targetscan, MiRDB and starBase database. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to verify the corresponding outcomes. Results It was shown that the mRNA expression of PFKFB3 was lower in LUAD than in the normal tissues, while its protein expression was not consistent with the mRNA level. The expression of PFKFB3 was correlated with clinicopathological parameters and several signaling pathways. The potential long chain (lnc)RNA/microRNA/PFKFB3 axis and the possible mechanism by which tumor progression in LUAD is promoted was predicted. We obtained the LINC01798/LINC02086/AP000845.1/HAGLR-miR-17-5p-PFKFB3 axis after comprehensive analyses of expression, correlation, and survival. Moreover, the expression of PFKFB3 was positively correlated with immune cells and immune checkpoint expression, including PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that noncoding RNAs mediated the upregulation of PFKFB3 and was associated with a poor prognosis and immune tumor infiltration in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Dalian Medical University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Feng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Bian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
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Roque K, Ruiz R, Mas L, Pozza DH, Vancini M, Silva Júnior JA, de Mello RA. Update in Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Optimizing Treatment Sequencing and Identifying the Best Choices. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4547. [PMID: 37760516 PMCID: PMC10526179 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immunotherapy has brought about a paradigm shift in the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It has not only significantly improved the prognosis of patients but has also become a cornerstone of treatment, particularly in those without oncogenic driver mutations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play a crucial role in the treatment of lung cancer and can be classified into two main groups: Anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (Anti-CTLA-4) and anti-T-cell receptor programmed cell death-1 or its ligand (Anti-PD-1 and Anti-PD-L1). Certainly, the landscape of approved first line immunotherapeutic approaches has expanded to encompass monotherapy, immunotherapy-exclusive protocols, and combinations with chemotherapy. The complexity of decision-making in this realm arises due to the absence of direct prospective comparisons. However, a thorough analysis of the long-term efficacy and safety data derived from pivotal clinical trials can offer valuable insights into optimizing treatment for different patient subsets. Moreover, ongoing research is investigating emerging biomarkers and innovative therapeutic strategies that could potentially refine the current treatment approach even further. In this comprehensive review, our aim is to highlight the latest advances in immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC, including the mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety profiles, and clinical significance of ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Roque
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, Post-Graduation Programme in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nine of July University (UNINOVE), São Paulo 04101-000, Brazil (J.A.S.J.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Angamos Este Av., 2520, Lima 15023, Peru; (R.R.); (L.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15081, Peru
| | - Rossana Ruiz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Angamos Este Av., 2520, Lima 15023, Peru; (R.R.); (L.M.)
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 15067, Peru
| | - Luis Mas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Angamos Este Av., 2520, Lima 15023, Peru; (R.R.); (L.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncosalud-AUNA, Av. Guardia Civil 571-San Borja, Lima 15036, Peru
| | - Daniel Humberto Pozza
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Vancini
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, Post-Graduation Programme in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nine of July University (UNINOVE), São Paulo 04101-000, Brazil (J.A.S.J.)
| | - José Antônio Silva Júnior
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, Post-Graduation Programme in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nine of July University (UNINOVE), São Paulo 04101-000, Brazil (J.A.S.J.)
| | - Ramon Andrade de Mello
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, Post-Graduation Programme in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nine of July University (UNINOVE), São Paulo 04101-000, Brazil (J.A.S.J.)
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
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Wei C. The multifaceted roles of matrix metalloproteinases in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1195426. [PMID: 37766868 PMCID: PMC10520958 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1195426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Though the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are widely investigated in lung cancer (LC), however, almost no review systematically clarify their multi-faced roles in LC. Methods We investigated the expression of MMPs and their effects on survival of patients with LC, the resistance mechanisms of MMPs in anti-tumor therapy, the regulatory networks of MMPs involved, the function of MMPs inducing CSCLs, MMPs-related tumor immunity, and effects of MMP polymorphisms on risk of LC. Results High expression of MMPs was mainly related to poor survival, high clinical stages and cancer metastasis. Role of MMPs in LC are multi-faced. MMPs are involved in drug resistance, induced CSCLs, participated in tumor immunity. Besides, MMPs polymorphisms may increase risk of LC. Conclusions MMPs might be promising targets to restore the anti-tumor immune response and enhance the killing function of nature immune cells in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Wei
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
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Sudduth ER, Trautmann-Rodriguez M, Gill N, Bomb K, Fromen CA. Aerosol pulmonary immune engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114831. [PMID: 37100206 PMCID: PMC10527166 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Aerosolization of immunotherapies poses incredible potential for manipulating the local mucosal-specific microenvironment, engaging specialized pulmonary cellular defenders, and accessing mucosal associated lymphoid tissue to redirect systemic adaptive and memory responses. In this review, we breakdown key inhalable immunoengineering strategies for chronic, genetic, and infection-based inflammatory pulmonary disorders, encompassing the historic use of immunomodulatory agents, the transition to biological inspired or derived treatments, and novel approaches of complexing these materials into drug delivery vehicles for enhanced release outcomes. Alongside a brief description of key immune targets, fundamentals of aerosol drug delivery, and preclinical pulmonary models for immune response, we survey recent advances of inhaled immunotherapy platforms, ranging from small molecules and biologics to particulates and cell therapies, as well as prophylactic vaccines. In each section, we address the formulation design constraints for aerosol delivery as well as advantages for each platform in driving desirable immune modifications. Finally, prospects of clinical translation and outlook for inhaled immune engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Sudduth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Nicole Gill
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kartik Bomb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Liu T, Yu S, Hu T, Ji W, Cheng X, Lv L, Shi Z. Comprehensive analyses of genome-wide methylation and RNA epigenetics identify prognostic biomarkers, regulating the tumor immune microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154621. [PMID: 37336075 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to identify a signature of immune-regulated molecules and reveal its prognostic role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We downloaded RNA-Sequencing data and DNA methylation data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R was used to analyze differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs). we used "factoextra" R package to do the principal component analysis (PCA) of DEmRNAs. "Limma" R package was used to identify DEmRNAs, differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Three R packages "org.Hs.eg.db", "clusterProfiler", "ggplot2″ were used to show enrichment results. Considering about methylation and mutation data, TEK and SOX17 mediated cancer signaling pathways. Through tumor-immune system interactions database (TISIDB) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), higher methylated and lower expressed TEK may act as a prognostic marker, regulating the tumor immunity in LUAD. Through four databases (MEXPRESS, DNMIVD, MethSurv, Firehose), we further verified the methylation (P = 2.33e-23) and mutation about TEK. A signature of immune-associated TEK to predict survival of LUAD patients was validated. Prognostic, methylation, immune microenvironment analysis showed new light on potential novel therapeutic targets in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, China
| | - Tinghua Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China..
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Ning Y, Fang S, Fang J, Lin K, Nie H, Xiong P, Qiu P, Zhao Q, Wang H, Wang F. Guanylate-binding proteins signature predicts favorable prognosis, immune-hot microenvironment, and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17504-17521. [PMID: 37551111 PMCID: PMC10501289 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) in various cancers has been elucidated recently. However, our knowledge of the clinical relevance and biological characteristics of GBPs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains limited. METHODS A total of 955 HCC patients were enrolled from five independent public HCC cohorts. The role of GBP molecules in HCC was preliminarily investigated, and a GBP family signature, termed GBPs-score, was constructed by principal component analysis to combine the GBP molecule values. We revealed the effects of GBP genes and GBPs-score in HCC via well-established bioinformatics methods and validated GBP1-5 experimentally in a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort. RESULTS GBPs molecules were closely associated with the prognosis of patients with HCC, and a high GBPs-score highly inferred a favorable survival outcome. We also revealed high GBPs-score was related to anti-tumor immunity, the immune-hot tumor microenvironment (TME), and immunotherapy response. Among the GBPs members, GBP1-5 rather than GBP6/7 may be dominant in these fields. The TMA analysis based on immunohistochemistry showed positive correlations between GBP1-5 and the immune-hot TME with abundant infiltration of CD8+ T cells in HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our integrative study revealed the genetic and immunologic characterizations of GBPs in HCC and highlighted their potential values as promising biomarkers for prognosis and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ning
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Shilin Fang
- Department of Infectious DiseaseZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei AIDS Clinical Training CenterWuhanChina
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Renmin Hospital of Huangmei CountyHuanggangChina
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Haihang Nie
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Peiling Xiong
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Peishan Qiu
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal DiseasesWuhanChina
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Lu X, Shen J, Huang S, Liu D, Wang H. Tumor cells-derived exosomal PD-L1 promotes the growth and invasion of lung cancer cells <em>in vitro via</em> mediating macrophages M2 polarization. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67:3784. [PMID: 37526437 PMCID: PMC10476537 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer originating from the bronchial epithelium is the most common lung malignancy. It has been reported that programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor-associated macrophages are closely related to the development of lung cancer. However, whether tumor-derived exosomal PD-L1 could mediate the regulation of macrophage polarization in lung cancer remains unclear. For this research, the level of PD-L1 in normal tissues and lung cancer tissues was evaluated using RT-qPCR. Next, the apoptosis of lung cancer cells was evaluated using flow cytometry assay. Then, the structure and morphology of vesicles were observed using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Later on, the internalization of exosomes by macrophage was observed using fluorescence microscopy. Our results showed that the level of PD-L1 was upregulated in tumor tissues and lung cancer cells. Knockdown of PD-L1 notably inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. In addition, lung cancer cells-derived exosomal PD-L1 could be absorbed by macrophages. Meanwhile, exosomal PD-L1 was able to promote macrophages M2 polarization. Moreover, macrophages M2 polarization induced by exosomal PD-L1 further remarkably promoted the viability, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process of lung cancer cells. Collectively, knockdown of PD-L1 notably inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Tumor cell-derived exosomal PD-L1 could promote the growth of lung cancer cells by mediating macrophages M2 polarization. Thus, inhibiting macrophages M2 polarization might be a promoting therapy for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Dongdong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
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Xu Y, Hsu JC, Xu L, Chen W, Cai W, Wang K. Nanomedicine-based adjuvant therapy: a promising solution for lung cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:211. [PMID: 37415158 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide for decades. Despite the increasing understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms, the prognosis still remains poor for many patients. Novel adjuvant therapies have emerged as a promising treatment method to augment conventional methods and boost the therapeutic effects of primary therapies. Adjuvant therapy based on nanomedicine has gained considerable interest for supporting and enhancing traditional therapies, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, due to the tunable physicochemical features and ease of synthetic design of nanomaterials. In addition, nanomedicine can provide protective effects against other therapies by reducing adverse side effects through precise disease targeting. Therefore, nanomedicine-based adjuvant therapies have been extensively employed in a wide range of preclinical and clinical cancer treatments to overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapies. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent advances in adjuvant nanomedicine for lung cancer treatment and highlight their functions in improving the therapeutic outcome of other therapies, which may inspire new ideas for advanced lung cancer therapies and stimulate research efforts around this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Liyun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiyu Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China.
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang J, Zhang J, Wen W, Wang F, Wu M, Chen D, Yu J. Exploring low-dose radiotherapy to overcome radio-immunotherapy resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166789. [PMID: 37302425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the current treatment landscape for cancer, yet the response rates of ICIs remain unmet. Synergistic with immunotherapy, low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) has been demonstrated to activate anti-tumor immunity - a transition from traditional radiation therapy geared toward local radical treatment to a type of immunological adjuvant. As such, studies utilizing LDRT to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy have been increasing preclinically and clinically. This paper reviews the recent strategies of using LDRT to overcome the resistance of ICIs, as well as providing potential opportunities in cancer treatment. Despite the potential of LDRT in immunotherapy is recognized, the mechanisms behind this form of treatment remain largely elusive. Thus, we reviewed history, mechanisms and challenges associated with this form of treatment, as well as different modes of its application, to provide relatively accurate practice standards for LDRT as a sensitizing treatment when combined with immunotherapy or radio-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Weitao Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China; Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China; Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China.
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Hu X, He X. Enhanced recovery of postoperative nursing for single-port thoracoscopic surgery in lung cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1163338. [PMID: 37287915 PMCID: PMC10242124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a common clinical malignant tumor, and the number of new lung cancer patients is increasing year by year. With the advancement of thoracoscopy technology and equipment, the scope of application of minimally invasive surgery has expanded to almost all types of lung cancer resection, making it the mainstream lung cancer resection surgery. Single-port thoracoscopic surgery provides evident advantages in terms of postoperative incision pain since only a single incision is required, and the surgical effect is similar to those of multi-hole thoracoscopic surgery and traditional thoracotomy. Although thoracoscopic surgery can effectively remove tumors, it nevertheless induces variable degrees of stress in lung cancer patients, which eventually limit lung function recovery. Rapid rehabilitation surgery can actively improve the prognosis of patients with different types of cancer and promote early recovery. This article reviews the research progress on rapid rehabilitation nursing in single-port thoracoscopic lung cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Hu
- The No.1 Thoracic Surgery Ward, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodan He
- The No. 1 Gynecological Ward, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
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Yang H, Liu Y, Chen L, Zhao J, Guo M, Zhao X, Wen Z, He Z, Chen C, Xu L. MiRNA-Based Therapies for Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges? Biomolecules 2023; 13:877. [PMID: 37371458 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, posing a serious health risk. Despite new advances in immune checkpoint and targeted therapies in recent years, the prognosis for lung cancer patients, especially those in advanced stages, remains poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to modulate tumor development at multiple levels, and as such, miRNA mimics and molecules aimed at regulating miRNAs have shown promise in preclinical development. More importantly, miRNA-based therapies can also complement conventional chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies to reverse drug resistance and increase the sensitivity of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and miRNA-based therapies have entered clinical trials and have shown favorable development prospects. Therefore, in this paper, we review recent advances in miRNA-based therapies in lung cancer treatment as well as adjuvant therapy and present the current state of clinical lung cancer treatment. We also discuss the challenges facing miRNA-based therapies in the clinical application of lung cancer treatment to provide new ideas for the development of novel lung cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Longqing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Soochow University, Soochow 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Wang Y, Nie J, Dai L, Hu W, Han S, Zhang J, Chen X, Ma X, Tian G, Wu D, Zhang Z, Long J, Fang J. Construction of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signature in lung adenocarcinoma by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:172. [PMID: 37189138 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major component of lung cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has emerged as a new target for some tumor treatments. METHODS The expression and clinical data of LUAD samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, followed by acquiring ERS-related genes (ERSGs) from the GeneCards database. Differentially expressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (DE-ERSGs) were screened and used to construct a risk model by Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to determine the risk validity of the model. Moreover, enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high- and low- risk groups was conducted to investigate the functions related to the risk model. Furthermore, the differences in ERS status, vascular-related genes, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immunotherapy response, chemotherapy drug sensitivity and other indicators between the high- and low- risk groups were studied. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the mRNA expression levels of prognostic model genes. RESULTS A total of 81 DE-ERSGs were identified in the TCGA-LUAD dataset, and a risk model, including HSPD1, PCSK9, GRIA1, MAOB, COL1A1, and CAV1, was constructed by Cox regression analysis. K-M and ROC analyses showed that the high-risk group had a low survival, and the Area Under Curve (AUC) of ROC curves of 1-, 3- and 5-years overall survival was all greater than 0.6. In addition, functional enrichment analysis suggested that the risk model was related to collagen and extracellular matrix. Furthermore, differential analysis showed vascular-related genes FLT1, TMB, neoantigen, PD-L1 protein (CD274), Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE), and T cell exclusion score were significantly different between the high- and low-risk groups. Finally, qRT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of 6 prognostic genes were consistent with the analysis. CONCLUSION A novel ERS-related risk model, including HSPD1, PCSK9, GRIA1, MAOB, COL1A1, and CAV1, was developed and validated, which provided a theoretical basis and reference value for ERS-related fields in the study and treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
- Clinical Trial Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Ling Dai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Weiheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Sen Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiangjuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Guangming Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Ziran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jieran Long
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52# Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Frankowska K, Zarobkiewicz M, Dąbrowska I, Bojarska-Junak A. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and radiological picture of the tumor. Med Oncol 2023; 40:176. [PMID: 37178270 PMCID: PMC10182948 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex entity that includes besides the tumor cells also a whole range of immune cells. Among various populations of immune cells infiltrating the tumor, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a population of lymphocytes characterized by high reactivity against the tumor component. As, TILs play a key role in mediating responses to several types of therapy and significantly improve patient outcomes in some cancer types including for instance breast cancer and lung cancer, their assessment has become a good predictive tool in the evaluation of potential treatment efficacy. Currently, the evaluation of the density of TILs infiltration is performed by histopathological. However, recent studies have shed light on potential utility of several imaging methods, including ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), and radiomics, in the assessment of TILs levels. The greatest attention concerning the utility of radiology methods is directed to breast and lung cancers, nevertheless imaging methods of TILs are constantly being developed also for other malignancies. Here, we focus on reviewing the radiological methods used to assess the level of TILs in different cancer types and on the extraction of the most favorable radiological features assessed by each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Frankowska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Zarobkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Dąbrowska
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Yang B, Rong X, Jiang C, Long M, Liu A, Chen Q. Comprehensive analyses reveal the prognosis and biological function roles of chromatin regulators in lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3598-3620. [PMID: 37155150 PMCID: PMC10449281 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the prognosis and biological function roles of chromatin regulators (CRs) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Using transcriptome profile and clinical follow-up data of LUAD dataset, we explored the molecular classification, developed, and validated a CR prognostic model, built an individual risk scoring system in LUAD, and compared the clinical and molecular characteristics between different subtypes and risk stratifications. We investigated the chemotherapy sensitivity and predicted potential immunotherapy response. Lastly, we collected the clinical samples and validated the prognosis and potential function role of NAPS2. Our study indicated that LUAD patients could be classified into two subtypes that had obviously different clinical background and molecular features. We constructed a prognostic model with eight CR genes, which was well validated in several other population cohort. We built high- and low-risk stratifications for LUAD patients. Patients from high-risk group were totally different from low-risk groups in clinical, biological function, gene mutation, microenvironment, and immune infiltration levels. We idented several potential molecular compounds for high-risk group treatment. We predicted that high-risk group may have poor immunotherapy response. We finally found that Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 2 (NPAS2) involved in the progression of LUAD via regulating cell adhesion. Our study indicated that CR involved in the progression of LUAD and affect their prognosis. Different therapeutic strategies should be developed for different molecular subtypes and risk stratifications. Our comprehensive analyses uncover specific determinants of CRs in LUAD and provides implications for investigating disease-associated CRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishuang Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xueyao Rong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Meihua Long
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Aibin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Lao J, Xu H, Liang Z, Luo C, Shu L, Xie Y, Wu Y, Hao Y, Yuan Y. Peripheral changes in T cells predict efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152391. [PMID: 37167681 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies has brought great benefits to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Nevertheless, not all patients respond to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. This study aimed to find response markers to predict efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. 80 patients with NSCLC who would accept anti-PD-1 immunotherapy were recruited, and peripheral blood was obtained before and after treatment. Flow cytometry was used to detect proportions of circulating cell subsets and expression of co-stimulatory molecules, co-inhibitory molecules and cytokines in T cells from pre- and post-treatment patients. Results showed that proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, NK, γδT and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were higher and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were lower in responders (n = 50) after treatment but no obvious difference was found in non-responders (n = 30). After treatment, responders showed an increase in the frequency of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, as well as the production of cytokines in T cells. This study indicates that monitoring the alterations of immune markers in circulating cells from NSCLC patients may be helpful to discriminate responders and non-responders, which provides a potential novel way to assess efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanfeng Lao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Huiting Xu
- Center for Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Zibin Liang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Cancer Center of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519020, China
| | - Changliang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Liuyang Shu
- Department of Medical Oncology I, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Oncology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Yuping Xie
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Cancer Center of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519020, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Center for Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Yanrong Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology I, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Oncology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China.
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China.
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Wang X, Zhou J, Li Z, Chen X, Wei Q, Chen K, Jiang R. A novel pyroptosis-related prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma: Identification and multi-angle verification. Front Genet 2023; 14:1160915. [PMID: 37077542 PMCID: PMC10106613 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1160915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is an aggressive disease of heterogeneous characteristics with poor prognosis and high mortality. Pyroptosis, a newly uncovered type of programmed cell death with an inflammatory nature, has been determined to hold substantial importance in the progression of tumors. Despite this, the knowledge about pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in LUAD is limited. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic signature for LUAD based on PRGs.Methods: In this research, gene expression information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) served as the training cohort and data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was utilized as the validation cohort. PRGs list was taken from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) and previous studies. Univariate Cox regression and Lasso analysis were then conducted to identify prognostic PRGs and develop a LUAD prognostic signature. The Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were employed to assess the independent prognostic value and forecasting accuracy of the pyroptosis-related prognostic signature. The correlation between prognostic signature and immune infiltrating was analyzed to examine the role in tumor diagnosis and immunotherapy. Further, RNA-seq as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in separate data sets was applied in order to validate the potential biomarkers for LUAD.Results: A novel prognostic signature based on 8 PRGs (BAK1, CHMP2A, CYCS, IL1A, CASP9, NLRC4, NLRP1, and NOD1) was established to predict the survival of LUAD. The prognostic signature proved to be an independent prognostic factor of LUAD with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in the training and validation sets. High-risk scores subgroups in the prognostic signature were significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, poor prognosis, less immune cell infiltration, and immune function deficiency. RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of CHMP2A and NLRC4 could be used as biomarkers for LUAD.Conclusion: We have successfully developed a prognostic signature consisting of eight PRGs that providing a novel perspective on predicting prognosis, assessing infiltration levels of tumor immune cells, and determining the outcomes of immunotherapy for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaona Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuqiong Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianhui Wei
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaidi Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Richeng Jiang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Richeng Jiang,
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