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Grafft N, Gago C, Garcia E, Aftosmes-Tobio A, Jurkowski JM, Blaine RE, Davison KK. Parent Experiences of Empowerment: Understanding the Role of Parent Empowerment in Child Health Promotion. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2024; 47:261-274. [PMID: 39158172 PMCID: PMC11335312 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing healthy behaviors during a child's first 5 years is essential for healthy growth. Parents are targeted as agents of change because they serve as primary models of behavior during this period. Although parent-focused interventions often target empowerment as a driver of change, our understanding of how parents experience the process of empowerment in the context of child health promotion remains limited. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study explored the process by which parents gain empowerment through participation in a health promotion intervention. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 low-income parents who participated in Parents Connect for Healthy Living (PConnect), a 10-week empowerment-centered obesity prevention intervention. Data were analyzed using inductive-deductive thematic analysis and guided by empowerment theories. RESULTS Most parents were Hispanic/Latino (41%) and female (97%). Five themes emerged that correspond to the process by which parents gained empowerment: (1) friendships formed and relationships strengthened during PConnect, (2) parents strengthened relationships with their children and believed in their ability to parent successfully, (3) the experience of knowledge led to behavior change, (4) parents used new resources to improve family health, and (5) parents took action. CONCLUSION Empowerment theory should be a component of health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Grafft
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Mrs Grafft); Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Gago); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Ms Garcia); Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Ms Aftosmes-Tobio); Health Policy, Management, & Behavior, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York (Dr Jurkowski); Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California (Dr Blaine); and Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (Dr Davison)
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Sjøstrand Å, Næss KAB, Melle AH, Hoff K, Hansen EH, Guttormsen LS. Treatment for Stuttering in Preschool-Age Children: A Qualitative Document Analysis of Treatment Programs. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:1020-1041. [PMID: 38557114 DOI: 10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify commonalities and differences between content components in stuttering treatment programs for preschool-age children. METHOD In this document analysis, a thematic analysis of the content was conducted of handbooks and manuals describing Early Childhood Stuttering Therapy, the Lidcombe Program, Mini-KIDS, Palin Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, RESTART Demands and Capacities Model Method, and the Westmead Program. First, a theoretical framework defining a content component in treatment was developed. Second, we coded and categorized the data following the procedure of reflexive thematic analysis. In addition, the first authors of the treatment documents have reviewed the findings in this study, and their feedback has been analyzed and taken into consideration. RESULTS Sixty-one content components within the seven themes-interaction, coping, reactions, everyday life, information, language, and speech-were identified across the treatment programs. The content component SLP providing information about the child's stuttering was identified across all treatment programs. All programs are multithematic, and no treatment program has a single focus on speech, language, or parent-child interaction. A comparison of the programs with equal treatment goals highlighted more commonalities in content components across the programs. The differences between the treatment programs were evident in both the number of content components that varied from seven to 39 and the content included in each treatment program. CONCLUSIONS Only one common content component was identified across programs, and the number and types of components vary widely. The role that the common content component plays in treatment effects is discussed, alongside implications for research and clinical practice. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25457929.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åse Sjøstrand
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Karoline Hoff
- The National Service for Special Needs Education, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Holm Hansen
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Porsgrunn, Norway
| | - Linn Stokke Guttormsen
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway
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Folayan MO, Oginni AB, El Tantawi M, Adeniyi A, Alade M, Finlayson TL. Association between maternal decision-making and mental health and the nutritional status of children under 6 years of age in sub-urban Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1159. [PMID: 37322502 PMCID: PMC10268393 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the association between decision-making power and mental health status of mothers and the nutritional status of their children less than 6 years old in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. METHODS This was a secondary data analysis of 1549 mother-child dyads collected through a household survey conducted between December 2019 and January 2020. The independent variables were maternal decision-making and mental health status (general anxiety, depressive symptoms, parental stress). The dependent variable was the child's nutritional status (thinness, stunting, underweight and overweight). Confounders were maternal income, age, and education status, and the child's age and sex. The associations between the dependent and independent variables were determined using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounders. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were determined. RESULTS Children of mothers with mild general anxiety had lower odds of stunting than children of mothers with normal anxiety (AOR: 0.72; p = 0.034). Mothers who did not make decisions on children's access to health care (AOR: 0.65; p < 0.001) had children with lower odds of being thin than those whose mothers made decisions on their access to health care. Children of mothers with clinically significant parenting stress levels (AOR: 0.75; p = 0.033), severe depressive symptoms (AOR: 0.70; p = 0.041) and who were not decision makers on the access of their children to health care (AOR: 0.79; p = 0.035) had lower odds of underweight. CONCLUSIONS Maternal decision-making status and mental health status were associated with the nutritional status of children less than 6 years in a sub-urban community in Nigeria. Further studies are needed to understand how maternal mental health is associated with the nutritional status of Nigerian preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maha El Tantawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abiola Adeniyi
- Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Alade
- Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals' Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Tracy L Finlayson
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Síndrome congênita pelo vírus zika: análise das redes de apoio de pais. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Vale PRLFD, Alves DV, Carvalho ESDS. "Very busy": daily reorganization of mothers to care of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 41:e20190301. [PMID: 32491147 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the experiences and care practices of mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome. METHODS A qualitative study with collection held in Feira de Santana - Bahia, between September and November 2017, from in-depth interviews and Story-Drawing with 11 family members of children, using thematic content analysis. RESULTS Mothers take care from experiences with health professionals and groups of mothers. They reorganize themselves in order to optimize time, streamline domestic activities, teach family members, and navigate care spaces. They experience the routine organizing the home, taking care of the children and, specifically, the child with syndrome, referring to: bedtime; giving a shower; changing diapers; feeding; playing; and, stimulating, actions mediated by intense crying and environmental preparation. CONCLUSION The experiences are unique and exceptional, conforming the social representation of the mothers as a group, the "mothers of micro", an aspect that differs from other experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deisyane Vitória Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Evanilda Souza de Santana Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil
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Ohlauson K, Nilsson S. Multi-Children Parents' Experiences of Parental Support by Attending Parental Group for Multi-Children Parents in Sweden. Glob Pediatr Health 2020; 7:2333794X20908762. [PMID: 32284958 PMCID: PMC7139177 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x20908762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated multi-children parents' (MCPs) experiences of support in their parental role by participating in parental group for MCPs. Focus group interviews were performed with 20 MCPs consisting of 9 mothers and 11 fathers, with a mean number of children of 2.35 per family. Each interview lasted about 1 hour, and it was analyzed by content analysis method. One theme was revealed: parental group for MCPs gives access to reflection and development on MCP issues. This related to 2 categories: support in the MCPs' role through internal development and support in the MCPs' role through external influences. The study's conclusion highlights the support of MCPs in their parental role by attending a parental group for MCPs and should be offered to achieve empowerment. Clinical implications are that a mix of men and women with different numbers of children of various ages of siblings should compose parental groups for MCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Ohlauson
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences
and Learning and Leadership for Health Care Professionals, Sahlgrenska Academy,
University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Nilsson
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences
and University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care, Sahlgrenska Academy,
University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ashcraft LE, Asato M, Houtrow AJ, Kavalieratos D, Miller E, Ray KN. Parent Empowerment in Pediatric Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. THE PATIENT 2019; 12:199-212. [PMID: 30328069 PMCID: PMC6397702 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-018-0336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parent empowerment is often an expressed goal in clinical pediatrics and in pediatric research, but the antecedents and consequences of parent empowerment are not well established. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize potential antecedents and consequences of parent empowerment in healthcare settings. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA The inclusion criteria were (1) studies with results about parent empowerment in the context of children's healthcare or healthcare providers; and (2) qualitative studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews of such studies. INFORMATION SOURCES We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2006-2017) and reference lists. INCLUDED STUDIES Forty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS We identified six themes within consequences of empowerment: increased parent involvement in daily care, improved symptom management, enhanced informational needs and tools, increased involvement in care decisions, increased advocacy for child, and engagement in empowering others. Six themes summarizing antecedents of empowerment also emerged: parent-provider relationships, processes of care, experiences with medical care, experiences with community services, receiving informational/emotional support, and building personal capacity and narrative. We synthesized these findings into a conceptual model to guide future intervention development and evaluation. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF EVIDENCE Non-English articles were excluded. INTERPRETATION Parent empowerment may enhance parent involvement in daily care and care decisions, improve child symptoms, enhance informational needs and skills, and increase advocacy and altruistic behaviors. Parent empowerment may be promoted by the parent-provider relationship and care processes, finding the right fit of medical and community services, and attention to the cognitive and emotional needs of parents. CLINICAL REGISTRATION NO PROSPERO 2017:CRD42017059478.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ellen Ashcraft
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
- University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Miya Asato
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amy J Houtrow
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dio Kavalieratos
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristin N Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Lim J, Davison KK, Jurkowski JM, Horan CM, Orav EJ, Kamdar N, Fiechtner LG, Taveras EM. Correlates of Resource Empowerment among Parents of Children with Overweight or Obesity. Child Obes 2017; 13:63-71. [PMID: 27875076 PMCID: PMC5278806 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2016.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined correlates of resource empowerment among parents of children with overweight or obesity. METHODS We studied baseline data of 721 parent-child pairs participating in the Connect for Health randomized trial being conducted at six pediatric practices in Massachusetts. Parents completed the child weight management subscale (n = 5 items; 4-point response scale) of the Parent Resource Empowerment Scale; items were averaged to create a summary empowerment score. We used linear regression to examine the independent effects of child (age, sex, and race/ethnicity), parent/household characteristics (age, education, annual household income, BMI category, perceived stress, and their ratings of their healthcare quality), and neighborhood median household income, on parental resource empowerment. RESULTS Mean (SD) child age was 7.7 years (2.9) and mean (SD) BMI z-score was 1.9 (0.5); 34% of children were white, 32% black, 22% Hispanic, 5% Asian, and 6% multiracial/other. The mean parental empowerment score was 2.95 (SD = 0.56; range = 1-4). In adjusted models, parents of older children [β -0.03 (95% CI: -0.04, -0.01)], Hispanic children [-0.14 (-0.26, -0.03)], those with annual household income less than $20,000 [-0.16 (-0.29, -0.02)], those with BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 [-0.17 (-0.28, -0.07)], and those who reported receiving lower quality of obesity-related care [-0.05 (-0.07, -0.03)] felt less empowered about resources to support their child's healthy body weight. CONCLUSIONS Parental resource empowerment is influenced by parent and child characteristics as well as the quality of their obesity-related care. These findings could help inform equitable, family-centered approaches to improve parental resource empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten K. Davison
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Janine M. Jurkowski
- Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY
| | - Christine M. Horan
- Department of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - E. John Orav
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Neil Kamdar
- Department of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lauren G. Fiechtner
- Department of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Elsie M. Taveras
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
- Department of General Academic Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
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