1
|
Wu Y, Zhou Q, Mao M, Chen H, Qi R. Diversity of species and geographic distribution of tick-borne viruses in China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1309698. [PMID: 38476950 PMCID: PMC10929907 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1309698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tick-borne pathogens especially viruses are continuously appearing worldwide, which have caused severe public health threats. Understanding the species, distribution and epidemiological trends of tick-borne viruses (TBVs) is essential for disease surveillance and control. Methods In this study, the data on TBVs and the distribution of ticks in China were collected from databases and literature. The geographic distribution of TBVs in China was mapped based on geographic locations of viruses where they were prevalent or they were detected in vector ticks. TBVs sequences were collected from The National Center for Biotechnology Information and used to structure the phylogenetic tree. Results Eighteen TBVs from eight genera of five families were prevalent in China. Five genera of ticks played an important role in the transmission of TBVs in China. According to phylogenetic analysis, some new viral genotypes, such as the Dabieshan tick virus (DTV) strain detected in Liaoning Province and the JMTV strain detected in Heilongjiang Province existed in China. Discussion TBVs were widely distributed but the specific ranges of viruses from different families still varied in China. Seven TBVs belonging to the genus Orthonairovirus of the family Nairoviridae such as Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) clustered in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) and northeastern areas of China. All viruses of the family Phenuiviridae except Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) were novel viruses that appeared in the last few years, such as Guertu virus (GTV) and Tacheng tick virus 2 (TcTV-2). They were mainly distributed in the central plains of China. Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) was distributed in at least fourteen provinces and had been detected in more than ten species of tick such as Rhipicephalus microplus and Haemaphysalis longicornis, which had the widest distribution and the largest number of vector ticks among all TBVs. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) and Lymphatic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) were two potential TBVs in Northeast China that could cause serious diseases in humans or animals. Ixodes persulcatus carried the highest number of TBVs, followed by Dermacentor nuttalli and H. longicornis. They could carry as many as ten TBVs. Three strains of Tick-borne encephalitis (TBEV) from Inner Mongolia Province clustered with ones from Russia, Japan and Heilongjiang Province, respectively. Several SFTSV strains from Zhejiang Province clustered with strains from Korea and Japan. Specific surveillance of dominant TBVs should be established in different areas in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rui Qi
- Institute of Microbiome Frontiers and One Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Olivieri NR, Othman L, Flannery DD, Gordon SM. Transmission, seroprevalence, and maternal-fetal impact of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:456-463. [PMID: 37857846 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Congenital infections can have devastating short- and long-term impacts on the developing fetus. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a zoonotic pathogen of concern that causes a severe congenital syndrome but is under-recognized and under-studied. Herein we review data on the natural animal reservoirs of LCMV, modes of transmission to humans, seroprevalence of LCMV worldwide in both pregnant and non-pregnant individuals, mechanisms of viral dissemination to placenta and fetus, and impact of climate change on viral transmission. We highlight opportunities to enhance awareness of congenital LCMV and provide recommendations for prevention and monitoring among at-risk pregnant people. IMPACT: Key message of the article: LCMV is a zoonotic virus that poses a major threat to maternal-fetal health. Adds to the existing literature: We comprehensively address transmission of LCMV from the natural reservoir to the pregnant individual, placenta, and fetus. Impact: Available data call for enhanced patient and provider awareness about congenital LCMV during pregnancy, as well as a need for efforts to better define the seroprevalence and impact of congenital LCMV worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Olivieri
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Loui Othman
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dustin D Flannery
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott M Gordon
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pankovics P, Nagy A, Nyul Z, Juhász A, Takáts K, Boros Á, Reuter G. Human cases of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infections in Hungary. Arch Virol 2023; 168:275. [PMID: 37853289 PMCID: PMC10584706 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) is a "neglected" rodent-borne viral zoonotic disease caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) (family Arenaviridae). The aim of this retrospective clinical and laboratory study was to detect LCMV RNA, using RT-PCR, in cerebrospinal fluid samples collected from patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections of unknown aetiology from over a 12-year period in Hungary. Between 2009 and 2020, a total of 74 cerebrospinal fluid samples were tested using an in-house LCMV-specific RT-PCR-based method at the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs. The mean age of the 74 patients included in our study was 24 years (min. 5, max. 74), with a predominance of men (44 [59.5%]; women, 30 [40.5%]). Two (2.7%) cerebrospinal fluid samples were found to be positive for LCMV RNA by RT-PCR and sequencing. The first LCMV case was a 5-year-old preschool boy who had a hamster bite on his left-hand finger, and the second LCMV case was a 74-year-old man who was living in a village and had incipient dementia and a previous permanent functional CNS impairment. The two detected LCMV strains (MW558451 and OM648933) from the year 2020 belonged to two different genetic lineages (I and II). These two cases of CNS inflammation of unknown origin represent the first published human LCMV infections confirmed by molecular methods in Hungary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Pankovics
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.
| | - Arnold Nagy
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Nyul
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Annamária Juhász
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Károly Takáts
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Ákos Boros
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Gábor Reuter
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Z, Li L, Xu W, Yuan Y, Liang X, Zhang L, Wei Z, Sui L, Zhao Y, Cui Y, Yin Q, Li D, Li Q, Hou Z, Wei F, Liu Q, Wang Z. Extensive diversity of RNA viruses in ticks revealed by metagenomics in northeastern China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0011017. [PMID: 36542659 PMCID: PMC9836300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticks act as important vectors of infectious agents, and several emerging tick-borne viruses have recently been identified to be associated with human diseases in northeastern China. However, little is known about the tick virome in northeastern China. METHODS Ticks collected from April 2020 to July 2021 were pooled for metagenomic analysis to investigate the virome diversity in northeastern China. RESULTS In total, 22 RNA viruses were identified, including four each in the Nairoviridae and Phenuiviridae families, three each in the Flaviviridae, Rhabdoviridae, and Solemoviridae families, two in the Chuviridae family, and one each in the Partitiviridae, Tombusviridae families and an unclassified virus. Of these, eight viruses were of novel species, belonging to the Nairoviridae (Ji'an nairovirus and Yichun nairovirus), Phenuiviridae (Mudanjiang phlebovirus), Rhabdoviridae (Tahe rhabdovirus 1-3), Chuviridae (Yichun mivirus), and Tombusviridae (Yichun tombus-like virus) families, and five members were established human pathogens, including Alongshan virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Songling virus, Beiji nairovirus, and Nuomin virus. I. persulcatus ticks had significant higher number of viral species than H. japonica, H. concinna, and D. silvarum ticks. Significant differences in tick viromes were observed among Daxing'an, Xiaoxing'an and Changbai mountains. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed an extensive diversity of RNA viruses in ticks in northeastern China, revealing potential public health threats from the emerging tick-borne viruses. Further studies are needed to explain the natural circulation and pathogenicity of these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxu Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Liang
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyan Sui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dajun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianxue Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Hou
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wei
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zedong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao L, Ma YM, Yang B, Han WX, Zhao WH, Chai HL, Zhang ZS, Zhan YJ, Wang LF, Xing Y, Yu LF, Wang JL, Ding YL, Liu YH. Comparative analysis of microbial communities in different growth stages of Dermacentor nuttalli. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1021426. [PMID: 36311671 PMCID: PMC9614212 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1021426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks were identified as arthropods that are pathogenic vectors. Dermacentor nuttalli is one of the dominant tick species in Inner Mongolia, and it carries and transmits a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. However, at present, only the detection of D. nuttalli adult ticks and D. nuttalli different developmental stages carrying one specific pathogen, or the next-generation sequencing of D. nuttalli adult ticks were available. In this study, we investigated the microbial community structures of D. nuttalli in different growth stages under laboratory artificial feeding conditions. Total DNA was extracted from seven growth stages (female adult ticks, eggs, larval ticks, engorged larval ticks, nymphal ticks, engorged nymphal ticks, and second-generation adult ticks) obtained from laboratory artificial feeding of engorged D. nuttalli female ticks in Inner Mongolia. Then, the 16S rDNA V3-V4 hypervariable region was amplified to construct an Illumina PE250 library. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. The sequencing data were analyzed using molecular biology software and platforms. The Illumina PE250 sequencing results showed that the egg stage had the highest diversity and number of species (28.74%, 98/341), while the engorged nymph stage had the lowest diversity and number of species (9.72%, 21/216). A total of 387 genera of 22 phyla were annotated in D. nuttalli, with 9 phyla and 57 genera found throughout all 7 growth stages. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria; the dominant genera were Arsenophonus and Rickettsia; and the genera with the highest relative abundance in the 7 growth stages were Pseudomonas, Paenalcaligenes, Arsenophonus, Arsenophonus, Pseudomonas, Arsenophonus, and Rickettsia, respectively. Among the 23 exact species annotated, Brucella melitensis exhibits pathogeny that poses a serious threat to humans and animals. In this study, the microbial community composition at different growth stages of D. nuttalli was comprehensively analyzed for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
| | - Yi-Min Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Animal Disease Control Center of Ordos, Ordos City, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Han
- Inner Mongolia Saikexing Reproductive Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hai-Liang Chai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhan-Sheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Shanghai Origingene Bio-pharm Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Fei Yu
- Shanghai Origingene Bio-pharm Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ling Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu-Lin Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China
| | - Yong-Hong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, China,*Correspondence: Yong-Hong Liu
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu Y, Zhong Z, Ren Y, Ma L, Ye Z, Gao C, Wang J, Li Y. Antiviral RNA interference in disease vector (Asian longhorned) ticks. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010119. [PMID: 34860862 PMCID: PMC8673602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks play a major role in the emergence and re-emergence of human and animal viral pathogens. Compared to mosquitoes, however, much less is known about the antiviral responses of ticks. Here we showed that Asian longhorned ticks (Haemaphysalis longicornis) produced predominantly 22-nucleotide virus-derived siRNAs (vsiRNAs) in response to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV, an emerging tick-borne virus), Nodamura virus (NoV), or Sindbis virus (SINV) acquired by blood feeding. Notably, experimental acquisition of NoV and SINV by intrathoracic injection also initiated viral replication and triggered the production of vsiRNAs in H. longicornis. We demonstrated that a mutant NoV deficient in expressing its viral suppressor of RNAi (VSR) replicated to significantly lower levels than wildtype NoV in H. longicornis, but accumulated to higher levels after knockdown of the tick Dicer2-like protein identified by phylogeny comparison. Moreover, the expression of a panel of known animal VSRs in cis from the genome of SINV drastically enhanced the accumulation of the recombinant viruses. This study establishes a novel model for virus-vector-mouse experiments with longhorned ticks and provides the first in vivo evidence for an antiviral function of the RNAi response in ticks. Interestingly, comparing the accumulation levels of SINV recombinants expressing green fluorescent protein or SFTSV proteins identified the viral non-structural protein as a putative VSR. Elucidating the function of ticks’ antiviral RNAi pathway in vivo is critical to understand the virus-host interaction and the control of tick-borne viral pathogens. Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are the most common illnesses transmitted by ticks, and the annual number of reported TBD cases continues to increase. The Asian longhorned tick, a vector associated with at least 30 human pathogens, is native to eastern Asia and recently reached the USA as an emerging disease threat. Newly identified tick-transmitted pathogens continue to be reported, raising concerns about how TBDs occur. Interestingly, tick can harbor pathogens without being affected themselves. For viral infections, ticks have their own immune systems that protect them from infection. Meanwhile, tick-borne viruses have evolved to avoid these defenses as they establish themselves within the vector. Here, we show in detail that infecting longhorned ticks with distinct arthropod-borne RNA viruses through two approaches natural blood feeding and injection, all induce the production of vsiRNAs. Dicer2-like homolog plays a role in regulating antiviral RNAi responses as knocking down of this gene enhanced viral replication. Furthermore, we demonstrate that tick antiviral RNAi responses are inhibited through expression heterologous VSR proteins in recombinant SINV. We identify both the virus and tick factors are critical components to understanding TBDs. Importantly, our study introduces a novel, in vivo virus-vector-mouse model system for exploring TBDs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liting Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (YL)
| | - Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (YL)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu L, Guo M, Hu B, Zhou H, Yang W, Hui L, Huang R, Zhan J, Shi W, Wu Y. Tick virome diversity in Hubei Province, China, and the influence of host ecology. Virus Evol 2021; 7:veab089. [PMID: 34804590 PMCID: PMC8599308 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are important vector hosts of pathogens which cause human and animal
diseases worldwide. Diverse viruses have been discovered in ticks; however,
little is known about the ecological factors that affect the tick virome
composition and evolution. Herein, we employed RNA sequencing to study the
virome diversity of the Haemaphysalis longicornis and
Rhipicephalus microplus ticks sampled in Hubei Province in
China. Twelve RNA viruses with complete genomes were identified, which belonged
to six viral families: Flaviviridae, Matonaviridae, Peribunyaviridae,
Nairoviridae, Phenuiviridae, and Rhabdoviridae.
These viruses showed great diversity in their genome organization and evolution,
four of which were proposed to be novel species. The virome diversity and
abundance of R. microplus ticks fed on cattle were evidently
high. Further ecological analyses suggested that host species and feeding status
may be key factors affecting the tick virome structure. This study described a
number of novel viral species and variants from ticks and, more importantly,
provided insights into the ecological factors shaping the virome structures of
ticks, although it clearly warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Moujian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lixia Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Rui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jianbo Zhan
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Weifeng Shi
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi N, Zhang L, Yu X, Zhu X, Zhang S, Zhang D, Duan M. Insight Into an Outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Masked Palm Civets in China. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:728238. [PMID: 34805333 PMCID: PMC8595205 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.728238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In August 2019, a suspected outbreak of canine distemper was observed in a masked palm civet farm that also received stray civets and rescued wild civets in Henan Province of China. A virulent canine distemper virus (CDV) strain, named HN19, from vaccinated masked palm civets was the etiologic agent identified in this outbreak using RT-PCR and sequencing of the complete genome. Serological analysis indicated a lower positive rate of CDV-neutralizing antibody in wild civets than in captive civets. Phylogenetic analysis of viral hemagglutinin (H) and the complete genome showed high identities with Rockborn-like strains at the nucleotide (98.7~99.72%) and the closest nucleotide similarity with a strain that killed lesser pandas in China in 1997, but low identities with America-1 strains (vaccine strains). Most importantly, one distinct amino acid exchange in the H protein at position 540 Asp → Gly (D540G), which confers CDV with an improved ability to adapt and utilize the human receptor, was observed in HN19. This study represents the first reported outbreak of a Rockborn-like CDV strain infection in masked palm civets in China. Based on this report, the existence of Rockborn-like strains in Chinese wild animals may not only cause immune failure in captive animals, but may also confer increased zoonotic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuhua Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Daining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Duan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fornůsková A, Hiadlovská Z, Macholán M, Piálek J, de Bellocq JG. New Perspective on the Geographic Distribution and Evolution of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, Central Europe. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:2638-2647. [PMID: 34545789 PMCID: PMC8462312 DOI: 10.3201/eid2710.210224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is an Old World mammarenavirus found worldwide because of its association with the house mouse. When LCMV spills over to immunocompetent humans, the virus can cause aseptic meningitis; in immunocompromised persons, systemic infection and death can occur. Central Europe is a strategic location for the study of LCMV evolutionary history and host specificity because of the presence of a hybrid zone (genetic barrier) between 2 house mouse subspecies, Mus musculus musculus and M. musculus domesticus. We report LCMV prevalence in natural mouse populations from a Czech Republic–Germany transect and genomic characterization of 2 new LCMV variants from the Czech Republic. We demonstrate that the main division in the LCMV phylogenetic tree corresponds to mouse host subspecies and, when the virus is found in human hosts, the mouse subspecies found at the spillover location. Therefore, LCMV strains infecting humans can be predicted by the genetic structure of house mice.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang N, Yang L, Li G, Zhang X, Shao J, Ma J, Chen S, Liu Q. Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Wenzhou virus in rodents in Guangzhou, China. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:301. [PMID: 34496846 PMCID: PMC8424800 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wenzhou virus (WENV), a newly discovered mammarenavirus in rodents, is associated with fever and respiratory symptoms in humans. This study was aimed to detect and characterize the emerging virus in rodents in Guangzhou, China. Results A total of 100 small mammals, including 70 Rattus norvegicus, 22 Suncus murinus, 4 Bandicota indica, 3 Rattus flavipectus, and 1 Rattus losea, were captured in Guangzhou, and their brain tissues were collected and pooled for metagenomic analysis, which generated several contigs targeting the genome of WENV. Two R. norvegicus (2.9%) were further confirmed to be infected with WENV by RT-PCR. The complete genome (RnGZ37-2018 and RnGZ40-2018) shared 85.1–88.9% nt and 83.2–96.3% aa sequence identities to the Cambodian strains that have been shown to be associated with human disease. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all identified WENV could be grouped into four different lineages, and the two Guangzhou strains formed an independent clade. We also analyzed the potential recombinant events occurring in WENV strains. Conclusions Our study showed a high genetic diversity of WENV strains in China, emphasizing the relevance of surveillance of this emerging mammarenavirus in both natural reservoirs and humans. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-03009-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guohui Li
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianwei Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shouyi Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 510440, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, 440605, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li X, Ji H, Wang D, Che L, Zhang L, Li L, Yin Q, Liu Q, Wei F, Wang Z. Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ticks in northeastern China. J Med Virol 2021; 94:507-513. [PMID: 34453752 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an important causative agent that causes neurological infections in humans and animals. In recent years, only few epidemiological surveys on TBEV have been conducted in China. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and subtype of TBEV in ticks in northeastern (NE) China. A total of 3799 questing ticks were collected in NE China between April 2015 and June 2016. Ticks were pooled and tested for TBEV RNA using semi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Positive pools were used to isolate the virus and amplify complete sequences, followed by sequence identity and phylogenetic analysis. TBEV RNA was detected in Ixodes persulcatus ticks at a total prevalence of 2.9% (6/143; 95% confidence interval: 1.2%-5.9%). Three TBEV strains were isolated (JL-T75, HLB-T74, and DXAL-T83) and showed 93.9%-99.1% nucleotide identities and 97.1%-99.5% amino acid identities in Far Eastern (FE) TBEV subtypes, and 82.9%-87.6% nucleotide identities and 92.9%-96.4% amino acid identities in other subtypes. For polyprotein, the JL-T75, HLB-T74, and DXAL-T83 strains showed 29, 50, and 55 amino acid residues, respectively, different from those in the TBEV vaccine (Senzhang) strain in China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses were clustered in the FE-TBEV branch but formed distinct clades depending on the natural foci. The results of this study suggest that the FE-TBEV subtype is still endemic in I. persulcatus ticks in NE China, and the viruses in different natural foci in NE China are more likely to have genetic differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Lihe Che
- Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Yin
- Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Laboratory of Emerging Vector-borne diseases, School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zedong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China.,Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen J, Wang J, Zhang J, Ly H. Advances in Development and Application of Influenza Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711997. [PMID: 34326849 PMCID: PMC8313855 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens that can cause severe symptoms and has the potential to cause high number of deaths and great economic loss. Vaccination is still the best option to prevent influenza virus infection. Different types of influenza vaccines, including live attenuated virus vaccines, inactivated whole virus vaccines, virosome vaccines, split-virion vaccines and subunit vaccines have been developed. However, they have several limitations, such as the relatively high manufacturing cost and long production time, moderate efficacy of some of the vaccines in certain populations, and lack of cross-reactivity. These are some of the problems that need to be solved. Here, we summarized recent advances in the development and application of different types of influenza vaccines, including the recent development of viral vectored influenza vaccines. We also described the construction of other vaccines that are based on recombinant influenza viruses as viral vectors. Information provided in this review article might lead to the development of safe and highly effective novel influenza vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jidang Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiehuang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jipei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hinh Ly
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dong Z, Yang M, Wang Z, Zhao S, Xie S, Yang Y, Liu G, Zhao S, Xie J, Liu Q, Wang Y. Human Tacheng Tick Virus 2 Infection, China, 2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:594-598. [PMID: 33496245 PMCID: PMC7853585 DOI: 10.3201/eid2702.191486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We used metagenomic analysis to identify Tacheng tick virus 2 infection in a patient with a history of tick bite in northwestern China. We confirmed the virus with reverse transcription-PCR, virus isolation, and genomic analysis. We detected viral RNA in 9.6% of ticks collected from the same region.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu JY, Guo C, Xia Y, Bao HM, Zhu YS, Guo ZM, Wei YH, Lu JH. Genomic characterization of Wenzhou mammarenavirus detected in wild rodents in Guangzhou City, China. One Health 2021; 13:100273. [PMID: 34179329 PMCID: PMC8214141 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wenzhou mammarenavirus (WENV) is a zoonotic pathogen newly discovered in east and southeast Asia. WENV has been found in wild rodent animals around the world while its standing is barely understood in Guangzhou city, where is known as a region of outbreak hotspot for zoonotic emerging infectious diseases. To investigate the prevalence and genomic characteristics of mammarenavirus in Guangzhou City, lung tissue samples from wild rodent species were collected from five districts of Guangzhou City in the year 2015 and 2016. The viral RNA was extracted and then subjected to mammarenavirus-specific PCR. The result revealed approximately 1.0% (3/306) nucleic acid positivity for lung tissue samples obtained from three rodent species: Mus musculus, Rattus flavipectus, and Rattus norvegicus. Viral metagenomic sequencing of three samples was then carried out and two full segment L and three full segment S sequences were obtained. Phylogenetics analysis indicated the sequences of the new mammarenavirus strain have 76.2% - 94.4% similarity to known WENV encoded genes, with the highest similarity to the WENV 9-24 strain. Population structure analysis grouped all known WENV into seven lineages, and this WENV Guangzhou strain was grouped with WENV 9-24 as well. Though the seroprevalence result was not available, our data provides the first nucleic acid evidence of circulating WENV in Guangzhou city, and it suggested WENV had a broader host tropism than previously known.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA
| | - Yao Xia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hui-Min Bao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan-Shan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhong-Min Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue-Hong Wei
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jia-Hai Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alburkat H, Jääskeläinen AJ, Barakat AM, Hasony HJ, Sironen T, Al-Hello H, Smura T, Vapalahti O. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections and Seroprevalence, Southern Iraq. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:3002-3006. [PMID: 33219805 PMCID: PMC7706927 DOI: 10.3201/eid2612.201792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute febrile neurological infection cases in southern Iraq (N = 212) were screened for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Two LCMV IgM-positive serum samples and 2 cerebrospinal fluid samples with phylogenetically distinct LCMV strains were found. The overall LCMV seroprevalence was 8.8%. LCMV infections are common and associated with acute neurological disease in Iraq.
Collapse
|
16
|
Vilibic-Cavlek T, Savic V, Ferenc T, Mrzljak A, Barbic L, Bogdanic M, Stevanovic V, Tabain I, Ferencak I, Zidovec-Lepej S. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis-Emerging Trends of a Neglected Virus: A Narrative Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:88. [PMID: 34070581 PMCID: PMC8163193 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a neglected rodent-borne zoonotic virus distributed worldwide. Since serologic assays are limited to several laboratories, the disease has been underreported, often making it difficult to determine incidence and seroprevalence rates. Although human clinical cases are rarely recorded, LCMV remains an important cause of meningitis in humans. In addition, a fatal donor-derived LCMV infection in several clusters of solid organ transplant recipients further highlighted a pathogenic potential and clinical significance of this virus. In the transplant populations, abnormalities of the central nervous system were also found, but were overshadowed by the systemic illness resembling the Lassa hemorrhagic fever. LCMV is also an emerging fetal teratogen. Hydrocephalus, periventricular calcifications and chorioretinitis are the predominant characteristics of congenital LCMV infection, occurring in 87.5% of cases. Mortality in congenitally infected children is about 35%, while 70% of them show long-term neurologic sequelae. Clinicians should be aware of the risks posed by LCMV and should consider the virus in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis, especially in patients who reported contact with rodents. Furthermore, LCMV should be considered in infants and children with unexplained hydrocephalus, intracerebral calcifications and chorioretinitis. Despite intensive interdisciplinary research efforts, efficient antiviral therapy for LCMV infection is still not available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek
- Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (I.F.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Vladimir Savic
- Laboratory for Virology and Serology, Poultry Center, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Thomas Ferenc
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Anna Mrzljak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljubo Barbic
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Maja Bogdanic
- Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (I.F.)
| | - Vladimir Stevanovic
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Irena Tabain
- Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (I.F.)
| | - Ivana Ferencak
- Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.); (I.T.); (I.F.)
| | - Snjezana Zidovec-Lepej
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr Fran Mihaljevic”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Simo Tchetgna H, Descorps-Declère S, Selekon B, Kwasiborski A, Vandenbogaert M, Manuguerra JC, Gessain A, Caro V, Nakouné E, Berthet N. Molecular characterization of a new highly divergent Mobala related arenavirus isolated from Praomys sp. rodents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10188. [PMID: 33986310 PMCID: PMC8119949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Arenaviruses represent a family of viruses that are naturally present in rodents belonging to subfamily Murinae, Neotominae or Sigmodontinae. Except for Lassa virus, little information is available on other Old-World arenaviruses. Here, we describe strain AnRB3214, a virus isolated from a presumed Praomys sp. rodent in the Central African Republic in 1981 and assigned to Ippy virus based on antigenic similarity. The strain was simultaneously sequenced on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and MinION Mk1B devices and analysed with various bioinformatics tools. We show that the best genome coverage and depth were obtained with the Kaiju and Minimap2 classification and identification tools, on either the MinION or the Illumina reads. The genetic analysis of AnRB3214 fragments showed 68% to 79% similarity with the Mobala and Gairo mammarenaviruses at the nucleic acid level. Strain AnRB3214 had a truncated nucleoprotein smaller than that of other Old World arenaviruses. Molecular clock analysis suggests that this strain diverged from Mobala virus at least 400 years ago. Finally, this study illustrates the importance of genomics in the identification of archived viruses and expands on the diversity of African arenaviruses, because strain AnRB3214 is either a variant or a close relative of Mobala virus, and not Ippy virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huguette Simo Tchetgna
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai - Chinese Academy of Sciences, Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Stephane Descorps-Declère
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurelia Kwasiborski
- Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Vandenbogaert
- Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Manuguerra
- Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Gessain
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR3569, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Caro
- Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Berthet
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai - Chinese Academy of Sciences, Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence, Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ushijima Y, Abe H, Ozeki T, Ondo GN, Mbadinga MJVM, Bikangui R, Nze-Nkogue C, Akomo-Okoue EF, Ella GWE, Koumba LBM, Nso BCBB, Mintsa-Nguema R, Makouloutou-Nzassi P, Makanga BK, Nguelet FLM, Zadeh VR, Urata S, Mbouna AVN, Massinga-Loembe M, Agnandji ST, Lell B, Yasuda J. Identification of potential novel hosts and the risk of infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in humans in Gabon, Central Africa. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 105:452-459. [PMID: 33667697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), a human pathogenic arenavirus, is distributed worldwide. However, no human cases have been reported in Africa. This study aimed to investigate the current situation and potential risks of LCMV infection in Gabon, Central Africa. METHODS A total of 492 human samples were screened to detect LCMV genome RNA and anti-LCMV IgG antibodies using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. ELISA-positive samples were further examined using a neutralization assay. Viral RNAs and antibodies were also analyzed in 326 animal samples, including rodents, shrews, and bushmeat. RESULTS While no LCMV RNA was detected in human samples, the overall seroprevalence was 21.5% and was significantly higher in male and adult populations. The neutralization assay identified seven samples with neutralizing activity. LCMV RNA was detected in one species of rodent (Lophuromys sikapusi) and a porcupine, and anti-LCMV IgG antibodies were detected in four rodents and three shrews. CONCLUSIONS This study determined for the first time the seroprevalence of LCMV in Gabon, and revealed that local rodents, shrews, and porcupines in areas surrounding semi-urban cities posed an infection risk. Hence, LCMV infection should be considered a significant public health concern in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Ushijima
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Haruka Abe
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takehiro Ozeki
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Boris K Makanga
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Vahid R Zadeh
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shuzo Urata
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Marguerite Massinga-Loembe
- African Society for Laboratory Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Selidji T Agnandji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Institute for Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiro Yasuda
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma J, Lv XL, Zhang X, Han SZ, Wang ZD, Li L, Sun HT, Ma LX, Cheng ZL, Shao JW, Chen C, Zhao YH, Sui L, Liu LN, Qian J, Wang W, Liu Q. Identification of a new orthonairovirus associated with human febrile illness in China. Nat Med 2021; 27:434-439. [PMID: 33603240 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The genus Orthonairovirus, which is part of the family Nairoviridae, includes the important tick-transmitted pathogens Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus, as well as many other poorly characterized viruses found in ticks, birds and mammals1,2. In this study, we identified a new orthonairovirus, Songling virus (SGLV), from patients who reported being bitten by ticks in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. SGLV shared similar genomic and morphological features with orthonairoviruses and phylogenetically formed a unique clade in Tamdy orthonairovirus of the Nairoviridae family. The isolated SGLV induced cytopathic effects in human hepatoma cells in vitro. SGLV infection was confirmed in 42 hospitalized patients analyzed between 2017 and 2018, with the main clinical manifestations being headache, fever, depression, fatigue and dizziness. More than two-thirds (69%) of patients generated virus-specific antibody responses in the acute phase. Taken together, these results suggest that this newly discovered orthonairovirus is associated with human febrile illness in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.,Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Lv
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Inner Mongolia General Forestry Hospital, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Zheng Han
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Inner Mongolia General Forestry Hospital, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ze-Dong Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Liang Li
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - He-Ting Sun
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li-Xin Ma
- Alongshan Forestry Bureau, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zheng-Lei Cheng
- Alongshan Forest Pest Control Station, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian-Wei Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying-Hua Zhao
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Liyan Sui
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lin-Na Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Inner Mongolia General Forestry Hospital, Yakeshi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China. .,Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin Province, China. .,The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dong Z, Yang M, Wang Z, Zhao S, Xie S, Yang Y, Liu G, Zhao S, Xie J, Liu Q, Wang Y. Human Tacheng Tick Virus 2 Infection, China, 2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.3201/eid3201/191486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
21
|
Liu X, Zhang X, Wang Z, Dong Z, Xie S, Jiang M, Song R, Ma J, Chen S, Chen K, Zhang H, Si X, Li C, Jin N, Wang Y, Liu Q. A Tentative Tamdy Orthonairovirus Related to Febrile Illness in Northwestern China. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 70:2155-2160. [PMID: 31260510 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many novel tick-borne viruses have been discovered by deep-sequencing technology in recent years; however, their medical significance is unknown. METHODS We obtained clinical data of a patient from Xinjiang, China. Possible pathogens were detected by metagenomic analysis; the causative pathogen Tacheng tick virus 1 (TcTV-1) was found and further confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, viral culture, and sequence analyses. Epidemiological investigation was conducted in the local human population, domestic animals, and ticks by serological/molecular methods. RESULTS A 62-year-old woman with a history of tick bite in Qinghe, Xinjiang, presented with fever and rashes. These symptoms were relieved after clinical treatment. TcTV-1 (strain QH1) was isolated from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, throat swabs, and urine on day 47 after illness onset. Although the blood and urine showed viral RNA positive on day 73 after illness onset, the virus was only isolated from urine. Serological detection revealed a virus neutralizing antibody titer of 1:40 and 1:80 on day 47 and 73 after illness onset, respectively. No coinfection with other pathogens was detected, suggesting TcTV-1 may be the potential causative pathogen. We detected anti-TcTV-1 antibodies (immunoglobulin G: 10.1%; immunoglobulin M: 4.8%) in the local human population. The viral RNA was also found in cattle (4.9%), sheep (9.2%), and ticks, including Dermacentor marginatus (14.3%), Dermacentor silvarum (11.8%), Dermacentor nuttalli (6.7%), and Hyalomma asiaticum (4.8%). CONCLUSIONS TcTV-1 may be associated with a febrile illness syndrome, and epidemiological data of the virus in humans and animals necessitate disease surveillance of TcTV-1 infection in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| | - Zedong Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Songsong Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixia Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| | - Shouyi Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Kuncai Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Haoji Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingkui Si
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Changchun, China
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moreno H, Rastrojo A, Pryce R, Fedeli C, Zimmer G, Bowden TA, Gerold G, Kunz S. A novel circulating tamiami mammarenavirus shows potential for zoonotic spillover. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0009004. [PMID: 33370288 PMCID: PMC7794035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying the capacity of a virus to break the species barrier is crucial for pathogen surveillance and control. New World (NW) mammarenaviruses constitute a diverse group of rodent-borne pathogens that includes several causative agents of severe viral hemorrhagic fever in humans. The ability of the NW mammarenaviral attachment glycoprotein (GP) to utilize human transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1) as a primary entry receptor plays a key role in dictating zoonotic potential. The recent isolation of Tacaribe and lymphocytic choriominingitis mammarenaviruses from host-seeking ticks provided evidence for the presence of mammarenaviruses in arthropods, which are established vectors for numerous other viral pathogens. Here, using next generation sequencing to search for other mammarenaviruses in ticks, we identified a novel replication-competent strain of the NW mammarenavirus Tamiami (TAMV-FL), which we found capable of utilizing hTfR1 to enter mammalian cells. During isolation through serial passaging in mammalian immunocompetent cells, the quasispecies of TAMV-FL acquired and enriched mutations leading to the amino acid changes N151K and D156N, within GP. Cell entry studies revealed that both substitutions, N151K and D156N, increased dependence of the virus on hTfR1 and binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Moreover, we show that the substituted residues likely map to the sterically constrained trimeric axis of GP, and facilitate viral fusion at a lower pH, resulting in viral egress from later endosomal compartments. In summary, we identify and characterize a naturally occurring TAMV strain (TAMV-FL) within ticks that is able to utilize hTfR1. The TAMV-FL significantly diverged from previous TAMV isolates, demonstrating that TAMV quasispecies exhibit striking genetic plasticity that may facilitate zoonotic spillover and rapid adaptation to new hosts. Mammarenaviruses include emergent pathogens responsible of severe disease in humans in zoonotic events. The ability to use the human Transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1) strongly correlates with their pathogenicity in humans. We isolated a new infectious Tamiami virus strain (TAMV-FL) from host-seeking ticks, which, contrary to the previous rodent-derived reference strain, can use hTfR1 to enter human cells. Moreover, serial passaging of TAMV-FL in human immunocompetent cells selected for two substitutions in the viral envelope glycoprotein: N151K and D156N. These substitutions increase the ability to highjack hTfR1 and the binding capacity to heparan sulfate proteoglycans and cause delayed endosomal escape. Our findings provide insight into the acquisition of novel traits by currently circulating TAMV that increase its potential to trespass the inter-species barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Moreno
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital (IMUL-CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Alberto Rastrojo
- Department of Virology and Microbiology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Genetic Unit, Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rhys Pryce
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Fedeli
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital (IMUL-CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gert Zimmer
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology (DIP), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A. Bowden
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gisa Gerold
- TWINCORE -Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology & Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover Germany
| | - Stefan Kunz
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital (IMUL-CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alburkat H, Jääskeläinen AJ, Barakat AM, Hasony HJ, Sironen T, Al-hello H, Smura T, Vapalahti O. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections and Seroprevalence, Southern Iraq. Emerg Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.3201/eid2612/201792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
24
|
Rubel F, Brugger K, Belova OA, Kholodilov IS, Didyk YM, Kurzrock L, García-Pérez AL, Kahl O. Vectors of disease at the northern distribution limit of the genus Dermacentor in Eurasia: D. reticulatus and D. silvarum. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2020; 82:95-123. [PMID: 32815071 PMCID: PMC7471206 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The two ixodid tick species Dermacentor reticulatus (Fabricius) and Dermacentor silvarum Olenev occur at the northern distribution limit of the genus Dermacentor in Eurasia, within the belt of [Formula: see text] latitude. Whilst the distribution area of D. reticulatus extends from the Atlantic coast of Portugal to Western Siberia, that of D. silvarum extends from Western Siberia to the Pacific coast. In Western Siberia, the distribution areas of the two Dermacentor species overlap. Although the two tick species are important vectors of disease, detailed information concerning the entire distribution area, climate adaptation, and proven vector competence is still missing. A dataset was compiled, resulting in 2188 georeferenced D. reticulatus and 522 D. silvarum locations. Up-to-date maps depicting the geographical distribution and climate adaptation of the two Dermacentor species are presented. To investigate the climate adaptation of the two tick species, the georeferenced locations were superimposed on a high-resolution map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The frequency distribution of D. reticulatus under different climates shows two major peaks related to the following climates: warm temperate with precipitation all year round (57%) and boreal with precipitation all year round (40%). The frequency distribution of D. silvarum shows also two major peaks related to boreal climates with precipitation all year round (30%) and boreal winter dry climates (60%). Dermacentor silvarum seems to be rather flexible concerning summer temperatures, which can range from cool to hot. In climates with cool summers D. reticulatus does not occur, it prefers warm and to a lesser extent hot summers. Lists are given in this paper for cases of proven vector competence for various agents of both Dermacentor species. For the first time, the entire distribution areas of D. reticulatus and D. silvarum were mapped using georeferenced data. Their climate adaptations were quantified by Köppen profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz Rubel
- Unit for Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katharina Brugger
- Unit for Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oxana A Belova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS", Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S Kholodilov
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS", Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya M Didyk
- Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Duan DY, Liu GH, Cheng TY. Microbiome analysis of the saliva and midgut from partially or fully engorged female adult Dermacentor silvarum ticks in China. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2020; 80:543-558. [PMID: 32144639 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00478-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dermacentor silvarum is widely distributed in northern China and transmits several pathogens that cause diseases in humans and domestic animals. We analysed the comprehensive bacterial community of the saliva and midgut from partially and fully engorged female adult D. silvarum. Dermacentor silvarum samples were collected from Guyuan, China. Bacterial DNA was extracted from the saliva and midgut contents of partially or fully engorged female adult D. silvarum. Sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA genes was performed using the IonS5TMXL platform. The bacterial diversity in saliva was higher than in the midgut. The bacterial diversity of saliva from fully engorged ticks was greater than in partially engorged tick saliva. The bacterial diversity in midguts from partially engorged ticks was greater than in fully engorged tick midguts. Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial phylum in all of the samples. Twenty-nine bacterial genera were detected in all of the samples. Rickettsia, Anaplasma, and Stenotrophomonas were the main genera. The symbionts Coxiella, Arsenophonus, and Wolbachia were also detected in all of the samples. Eight bacterial species were identified in all of the experimental samples. Anaplasma marginale was reported for the first time in D. silvarum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Yong Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tian-Yin Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu H, Zhang X, Li LX, Shi N, Sun XT, Liu Q, Jin NY, Si XK. First isolation and characterization of Getah virus from cattle in northeastern China. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:320. [PMID: 31488162 PMCID: PMC6729113 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Getah virus (GETV) is a neglected mosquito-borne Alphavirus that causes pyrexia, body rash, and leg oedema in horses and foetal death and reproductive disorders in pigs. Infected animals may play a critical role in the amplification and circulation of the virus. The present study aimed to investigate GETV infection in clinically infected cattle and vector mosquito species in northeastern China. Results Serum samples were collected from beef cattle that presented sudden onset of fever in forest grazing areas, and metagenomic sequencing was conducted, revealing 29 contigs from ten serum samples matching the GETV genome. Quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed with GETV RNA from 48 beef cattle serum samples, showing that the overall prevalence of GETV in the beef cattle samples was 6.25% (3/48). Serological investigation indicated that GETV neutralizing antibodies were detected in 83.3% (40/48, 95% CI 67–100) of samples from the study region. The GETV JL1808 strain was isolated from clinically infected cattle showing fever. Sequence comparisons showed high identity with the HuN1 strain, a highly pathogenic swine epidemic isolate obtained in Hunan province in 2017, at the nucleotide level (99.5%) and at the deduced amino acid level (99.7–99.9%). The phylogenetic analysis of JL1808 clustered in Group III, and also revealed a close genetic relationship with the HuN1 strain. Additionally, about 12,000 mosquitoes were trapped in this region. The presence of GETV infection was detected in mosquitoes, suggesting that the minimum infection rate (MIR) was 1.50‰, with MIRs of 1.67‰ in Culex pseudovishnui, 1.60‰ in Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and 1.21‰ in Anopheles sinensis. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of GETV infection in cattle. These results demonstrated that a highly pathogenic, mosquito-borne swine GETV can infect and circulate in cattle, implying that it is necessary to conduct surveillance of GETV infection in animals in northeastern China. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-2061-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China.,Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, Changchun, 130122, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ning Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiu-Tao Sun
- Honghe Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Mengzi, 661000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ning-Yi Jin
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xing-Kui Si
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Brisse ME, Ly H. Hemorrhagic Fever-Causing Arenaviruses: Lethal Pathogens and Potent Immune Suppressors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:372. [PMID: 30918506 PMCID: PMC6424867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fevers (HF) resulting from pathogenic arenaviral infections have traditionally been neglected as tropical diseases primarily affecting African and South American regions. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines for arenaviruses, and treatments have been limited to supportive therapy and use of non-specific nucleoside analogs, such as Ribavirin. Outbreaks of arenaviral infections have been limited to certain geographic areas that are endemic but known cases of exportation of arenaviruses from endemic regions and socioeconomic challenges for local control of rodent reservoirs raise serious concerns about the potential for larger outbreaks in the future. This review synthesizes current knowledge about arenaviral evolution, ecology, transmission patterns, life cycle, modulation of host immunity, disease pathogenesis, as well as discusses recent development of preventative and therapeutic pursuits against this group of deadly viral pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Brisse
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Hinh Ly
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|