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Picinini Freitas L, Douwes-Schultz D, Schmidt AM, Ávila Monsalve B, Salazar Flórez JE, García-Balaguera C, Restrepo BN, Jaramillo-Ramirez GI, Carabali M, Zinszer K. Zika emergence, persistence, and transmission rate in Colombia: a nationwide application of a space-time Markov switching model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10003. [PMID: 38693192 PMCID: PMC11063144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika, a viral disease transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, emerged in the Americas in 2015, causing large-scale epidemics. Colombia alone reported over 72,000 Zika cases between 2015 and 2016. Using national surveillance data from 1121 municipalities over 70 weeks, we identified sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with Zika's emergence, re-emergence, persistence, and transmission intensity in Colombia. We fitted a zero-state Markov-switching model under the Bayesian framework, assuming Zika switched between periods of presence and absence according to spatially and temporally varying probabilities of emergence/re-emergence (from absence to presence) and persistence (from presence to presence). These probabilities were assumed to follow a series of mixed multiple logistic regressions. When Zika was present, assuming that the cases follow a negative binomial distribution, we estimated the transmission intensity rate. Our results indicate that Zika emerged/re-emerged sooner and that transmission was intensified in municipalities that were more densely populated, at lower altitudes and/or with less vegetation cover. Warmer temperatures and less weekly-accumulated rain were also associated with Zika emergence. Zika cases persisted for longer in more densely populated areas with more cases reported in the previous week. Overall, population density, elevation, and temperature were identified as the main contributors to the first Zika epidemic in Colombia. We also estimated the probability of Zika presence by municipality and week, and the results suggest that the disease circulated undetected by the surveillance system on many occasions. Our results offer insights into priority areas for public health interventions against emerging and re-emerging Aedes-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Picinini Freitas
- Université de Montréal, École de Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada.
| | - Dirk Douwes-Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra M Schmidt
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Brayan Ávila Monsalve
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Faculty of Medicine, Villavicencio, 500003, Colombia
| | - Jorge Emilio Salazar Flórez
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, 055450, Colombia
- Infectious and Chronic Diseases Study Group (GEINCRO), San Martín University Foundation, Medellín, 050031, Colombia
| | - César García-Balaguera
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Faculty of Medicine, Villavicencio, 500003, Colombia
| | - Berta N Restrepo
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, 055450, Colombia
| | | | - Mabel Carabali
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Kate Zinszer
- Université de Montréal, École de Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montreal, H3N 1X9, Canada
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Barcellos C, Matos V, Lana RM, Lowe R. Climate change, thermal anomalies, and the recent progression of dengue in Brazil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5948. [PMID: 38467690 PMCID: PMC10928122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dengue is rapidly expanding its transmission area across Brazil and much of South America. In this study, data-mining techniques were used to identify climatic and demographic indicators that could explain the recent (2014-2020) and simultaneous trends of expansion and exacerbation of the incidence in some regions of Brazil. The previous circulation of the virus (dengue incidence rates between 2007 and 2013), urbanization, and the occurrence of temperature anomalies for a prolonged period were the main factors that led to increased incidence of dengue in the central region of Brazil. Regions with high altitudes, which previously acted as a barrier for dengue transmission, became areas of high incidence rates. The algorithm that was developed during this study can be utilized to assess future climate scenarios and plan preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christovam Barcellos
- Climate and Health Observatory, Institute of Health Information and Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ICICT/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Vanderlei Matos
- Climate and Health Observatory, Institute of Health Information and Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ICICT/Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Rachel Lowe
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health and Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Fernandes KAP, de Almeida Filho AR, Moura Alves TV, Bernardo CSS, Montibeller MJ, Mondini A, Bronzoni RVDM. A tale of 141 municipalities: the spatial distribution of dengue in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2023; 117:751-759. [PMID: 37665762 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the state of Mato Grosso has presented one of the highest dengue incidence rates in Brazil. The meeting of the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal biomes results in a large variation of rainfall and temperature across different regions of the state. In addition, Mato Grosso has been undergoing intense urban growth since the 1970s, mainly due to the colonization of the Mid-North and North regions. We analyzed factors involved in dengue incidence in Mato Grosso from 2008 to 2019. METHODS The Moran Global Index was used to assess spatial autocorrelation of dengue incidence using explanatory variables such as temperature, precipitation, deforestation, population density and municipal development index. Areas at risk of dengue were grouped by the Local Moran Indicator. RESULTS We noticed that areas at risk of dengue expanded from the Mid-North region to the North; the same pattern occurred from the Southeast to the Northeast; the South region remained at low-risk levels. The increase in incidence was influenced by precipitation, deforestation and the municipal development index. CONCLUSIONS The identification of risk areas for dengue in space and time enables public health authorities to focus their control and prevention efforts, reducing infestation and the potential impact of dengue in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taynná Vacaro Moura Alves
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-267, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Christine Steiner São Bernardo
- Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-267, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Maria Jara Montibeller
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Mondini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14800-903, São Paulo, Brazil
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Robert MA, Rodrigues HS, Herrera D, de Mata Donado Campos J, Morilla F, Del Águila Mejía J, Guardado ME, Skewes R, Colomé-Hidalgo M. Spatiotemporal and meteorological relationships in dengue transmission in the Dominican Republic, 2015-2019. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:32. [PMID: 37269000 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue has broadened its global distribution substantially in the past two decades, and many endemic areas are experiencing increases in incidence. The Dominican Republic recently experienced its two largest outbreaks to date with 16,836 reported cases in 2015 and 20,123 reported cases in 2019. With continued increases in dengue transmission, developing tools to better prepare healthcare systems and mosquito control agencies is of critical importance. Before such tools can be developed, however, we must first better understand potential drivers of dengue transmission. To that end, we focus in this paper on determining relationships between climate variables and dengue transmission with an emphasis on eight provinces and the capital city of the Dominican Republic in the period 2015-2019. We present summary statistics for dengue cases, temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity in this period, and we conduct an analysis of correlated lags between climate variables and dengue cases as well as correlated lags among dengue cases in each of the nine locations. We find that the southwestern province of Barahona had the largest dengue incidence in both 2015 and 2019. Among all climate variables considered, lags between relative humidity variables and dengue cases were the most frequently correlated. We found that most locations had significant correlations with cases in other locations at lags of zero weeks. These results can be used to improve predictive models of dengue transmission in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robert
- Department of Mathematics and Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens (CeZAP), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Helena Sofia Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Valença, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Matemática e Aplicações, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Demian Herrera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Dr. Hugo Mendoza, Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Hugo Mendoza, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Juan de Mata Donado Campos
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Calle Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Morilla
- Departamento de Informática y Automática, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Águila Mejía
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Elena Guardado
- Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Ronald Skewes
- Dirección General de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
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López MS, Gómez AA, Müller GV, Walker E, Robert MA, Estallo EL. Relationship between Climate Variables and Dengue Incidence in Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:57008. [PMID: 37224070 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is an important driver of the increased spread of dengue from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate areas around the world. Climate variables such as temperature and precipitation influence the dengue vector's biology, physiology, abundance, and life cycle. Thus, an analysis is needed of changes in climate change and their possible relationships with dengue incidence and the growing occurrence of epidemics recorded in recent decades. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the increasing incidence of dengue driven by climate change at the southern limits of dengue virus transmission in South America. METHODS We analyzed the evolution of climatological, epidemiological, and biological variables by comparing a period of time without the presence of dengue cases (1976-1997) to a more recent period of time in which dengue cases and important outbreaks occurred (1998-2020). In our analysis, we consider climate variables associated with temperature and precipitation, epidemiological variables such as the number of reported dengue cases and incidence of dengue, and biological variables such as the optimal temperature ranges for transmission of dengue vector. RESULTS The presence of dengue cases and epidemic outbreaks are observed to be consistent with positive trends in temperature and anomalies from long-term means. Dengue cases do not seem to be associated with precipitation trends and anomalies. The number of days with optimal temperatures for dengue transmission increased from the period without dengue cases to the period with occurrences of dengue cases. The number of months with optimal transmission temperatures also increased between periods but to a lesser extent. CONCLUSIONS The higher incidence of dengue virus and its expansion to different regions of Argentina seem to be associated with temperature increases in the country during the past two decades. The active surveillance of both the vector and associated arboviruses, together with continued meteorological data collection, will facilitate the assessment and prediction of future epidemics that use trends in the accelerated changes in climate. Such surveillance should go hand in hand with efforts to improve the understanding of the mechanisms driving the geographic expansion of dengue and other arboviruses beyond the current limits. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11616.
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Affiliation(s)
- María S López
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andre A Gómez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriela V Müller
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Elisabet Walker
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Michael A Robert
- Department of Mathematics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
- Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabet L Estallo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Córdoba Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Aedes aegypti in Southern Brazil: Spatiotemporal Distribution Dynamics and Association with Climate and Environmental Factors. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8020077. [PMID: 36828493 PMCID: PMC9961474 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, the mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is considered the main vector of the dengue, chikungunya, and Zika arbovirus transmission. Recent epidemiological studies in southern Brazil have shown an increase in the incidence of dengue, raising concerns over epidemiological control, monitoring, and surveys. Therefore, this study aimed at performing a historical spatiotemporal analysis of the Ae. aegypti house indices (HI) in southern Brazil over the last 19 years. As vector infestation was associated with climatic and environmental variables, HI data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, climate data from the Giovanni web-based application, and environmental data from the Mapbiomas project were used in this study. Our results showed an expressive increase in the number of HI surveys in the municipalities confirming the vector presence, as compared to those in 2017. Environmental variables, such as urban infrastructure, precipitation, temperature, and humidity, were positively correlated with the Ae. aegypti HI. This was the first study to analyze Ae. aegypti HI surveys in municipalities of southern Brazil, and our findings could help in developing and planning disease control strategies to improve public health.
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How heterogeneous is the dengue transmission profile in Brazil? A study in six Brazilian states. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010746. [PMID: 36095004 PMCID: PMC9499305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a vector-borne disease present in most tropical countries, infecting an average of 50 to 100 million people per year. Socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors directly influence the transmission cycle of the dengue virus (DENV). In Brazil, these factors vary between regions producing different profiles of dengue transmission and challenging the epidemiological surveillance of the disease. In this article, we aimed at classifying the profiles of dengue transmission in 1,823 Brazilian municipalities, covering different climates, from 2010 to 2019. Time series data of dengue cases were obtained from six states: Ceará and Maranhão in the semiarid Northeast, Minas Gerais in the countryside, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro in the tropical Atlantic coast, and Paraná in the subtropical region. To describe the time series, we proposed a set of epi-features of the magnitude and duration of the dengue epidemic cycles, totaling 13 indicators. Using these epi-features as inputs, a multivariate cluster algorithm was employed to classify the municipalities according to their dengue transmission profile. Municipalities were classified into four distinct dengue transmission profiles: persistent transmission (7.8%), epidemic (21.3%), episodic/epidemic (43.2%), and episodic transmission (27.6%). Different profiles were associated with the municipality’s population size and climate. Municipalities with higher incidence and larger populations tended to be classified as persistent transmission, suggesting the existence of critical community size. This association, however, varies depending on the state, indicating the importance of other factors. The proposed classification is useful for developing more specific and precise surveillance protocols for regions with different dengue transmission profiles, as well as more precise public policies for dengue prevention. Dengue is one of the fastest-growing vector-borne diseases in the world. Currently, vaccines are experimental and are not very effective, so prevention depends on the control of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Health promotion campaigns aimed at encouraging people to reduce mosquito breeding sites have limited effect. In addition, the heterogeneity of the territories that have dengue becomes a major challenge for the epidemiological surveillance of the disease. Brazil has a territory of continental size, and single standardized surveillance is not very effective for monitoring this arbovirus. Classifying types of dengue dynamics based on features of the epidemiological cycle in each location has the potential to increase the precision of surveillance and control strategies. In our study, we were able to classify areas according to different dengue transmission profiles, ranging from episodic to persistent transmission. These results can provide tools to guide actions aimed at achieving the World Health Organization’s goals of eliminating neglected tropical diseases in countries that have the virus.
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The impact of climate suitability, urbanisation, and connectivity on the expansion of dengue in 21st century Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009773. [PMID: 34882679 PMCID: PMC8691609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is hyperendemic in Brazil, with outbreaks affecting all regions. Previous studies identified geographical barriers to dengue transmission in Brazil, beyond which certain areas, such as South Brazil and the Amazon rainforest, were relatively protected from outbreaks. Recent data shows these barriers are being eroded. In this study, we explore the drivers of this expansion and identify the current limits to the dengue transmission zone. We used a spatio-temporal additive model to explore the associations between dengue outbreaks and temperature suitability, urbanisation, and connectivity to the Brazilian urban network. The model was applied to a binary outbreak indicator, assuming the official threshold value of 300 cases per 100,000 residents, for Brazil’s municipalities between 2001 and 2020. We found a nonlinear relationship between higher levels of connectivity to the Brazilian urban network and the odds of an outbreak, with lower odds in metropoles compared to regional capitals. The number of months per year with suitable temperature conditions for Aedes mosquitoes was positively associated with the dengue outbreak occurrence. Temperature suitability explained most interannual and spatial variation in South Brazil, confirming this geographical barrier is influenced by lower seasonal temperatures. Municipalities that had experienced an outbreak previously had double the odds of subsequent outbreaks. We identified geographical barriers to dengue transmission in South Brazil, western Amazon, and along the northern coast of Brazil. Although a southern barrier still exists, it has shifted south, and the Amazon no longer has a clear boundary. Few areas of Brazil remain protected from dengue outbreaks. Communities living on the edge of previous barriers are particularly susceptible to future outbreaks as they lack immunity. Control strategies should target regions at risk of future outbreaks as well as those currently within the dengue transmission zone. Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that has expanded rapidly around the world due to increased urbanisation, global mobility and climate change. In Brazil, geographical barriers to dengue transmission exist, beyond which certain areas including South Brazil and the Amazon rainforest are relatively protected from outbreaks. However, we found that the previous barrier in South Brazil has shifted further south as a result of increased temperature suitability. The previously identified barrier protecting the western Amazon no longer exists. This is particularly concerning as we found dengue outbreaks tend to become established in areas after introduction. Highly influential cities with many transport links had increased odds of an outbreak. However, the most influential cities had lower odds of an outbreak than cities connected regionally. This study highlights the importance of monitoring the expansion of dengue outbreaks and designing disease prevention strategies for areas at risk of future outbreaks as well as areas in the established dengue transmission zone.
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Simon LM, Rangel TF. Are Temperature Suitability and Socioeconomic Factors Reliable Predictors of Dengue Transmission in Brazil? FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.758393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an ongoing problem, especially in tropical countries. Like many other vector-borne diseases, the spread of dengue is driven by a myriad of climate and socioeconomic factors. Within developing countries, heterogeneities on socioeconomic factors are expected to create variable conditions for dengue transmission. However, the relative role of socioeconomic characteristics and their association with climate in determining dengue prevalence are poorly understood. Here we assembled essential socioeconomic factors over 5570 municipalities across Brazil and assessed their effect on dengue prevalence jointly with a previously predicted temperature suitability for transmission. Using a simultaneous autoregressive approach (SAR), we showed that the variability in the prevalence of dengue cases across Brazil is primarily explained by the combined effect of climate and socioeconomic factors. At some dengue seasons, the effect of temperature on transmission potential showed to be a more significant proxy of dengue cases. Still, socioeconomic factors explained the later increase in dengue prevalence over Brazil. In a heterogeneous country such as Brazil, recognizing the transmission drivers by vectors is a fundamental issue in effectively predicting and combating tropical diseases like dengue. Ultimately, it indicates that not considering socioeconomic factors in disease transmission predictions might compromise efficient surveillance strategies. Our study shows that sanitation, urbanization, and GDP are regional indicators that should be considered along with temperature suitability on dengue transmission, setting effective directions to mosquito-borne disease control.
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Castro LA, Generous N, Luo W, Pastore y Piontti A, Martinez K, Gomes MFC, Osthus D, Fairchild G, Ziemann A, Vespignani A, Santillana M, Manore CA, Del Valle SY. Using heterogeneous data to identify signatures of dengue outbreaks at fine spatio-temporal scales across Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009392. [PMID: 34019536 PMCID: PMC8174735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus remains a significant public health challenge in Brazil, and seasonal preparation efforts are hindered by variable intra- and interseasonal dynamics. Here, we present a framework for characterizing weekly dengue activity at the Brazilian mesoregion level from 2010-2016 as time series properties that are relevant to forecasting efforts, focusing on outbreak shape, seasonal timing, and pairwise correlations in magnitude and onset. In addition, we use a combination of 18 satellite remote sensing imagery, weather, clinical, mobility, and census data streams and regression methods to identify a parsimonious set of covariates that explain each time series property. The models explained 54% of the variation in outbreak shape, 38% of seasonal onset, 34% of pairwise correlation in outbreak timing, and 11% of pairwise correlation in outbreak magnitude. Regions that have experienced longer periods of drought sensitivity, as captured by the "normalized burn ratio," experienced less intense outbreaks, while regions with regular fluctuations in relative humidity had less regular seasonal outbreaks. Both the pairwise correlations in outbreak timing and outbreak trend between mesoresgions were best predicted by distance. Our analysis also revealed the presence of distinct geographic clusters where dengue properties tend to be spatially correlated. Forecasting models aimed at predicting the dynamics of dengue activity need to identify the most salient variables capable of contributing to accurate predictions. Our findings show that successful models may need to leverage distinct variables in different locations and be catered to a specific task, such as predicting outbreak magnitude or timing characteristics, to be useful. This advocates in favor of "adaptive models" rather than "one-size-fits-all" models. The results of this study can be applied to improving spatial hierarchical or target-focused forecasting models of dengue activity across Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Castro
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Generous
- National Security and Defense Program Office, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Wei Luo
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Geography Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ana Pastore y Piontti
- Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Martinez
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Marcelo F. C. Gomes
- Núcleo de Métodos Analíticos em Vigilância Epidemiológica Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Dave Osthus
- Statistical Sciences Group, Computer, Computational, and Statistical Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Fairchild
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Amanda Ziemann
- Space Data Science and Systems Group, Intelligence and Space Research Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Alessandro Vespignani
- Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Santillana
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carrie A. Manore
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Sara Y. Del Valle
- Information Systems and Modeling Group, Analytics, Intelligence and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
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Lowe R, Lee SA, O'Reilly KM, Brady OJ, Bastos L, Carrasco-Escobar G, de Castro Catão R, Colón-González FJ, Barcellos C, Carvalho MS, Blangiardo M, Rue H, Gasparrini A. Combined effects of hydrometeorological hazards and urbanisation on dengue risk in Brazil: a spatiotemporal modelling study. Lancet Planet Health 2021; 5:e209-e219. [PMID: 33838736 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temperature and rainfall patterns are known to influence seasonal patterns of dengue transmission. However, the effect of severe drought and extremely wet conditions on the timing and intensity of dengue epidemics is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to quantify the non-linear and delayed effects of extreme hydrometeorological hazards on dengue risk by level of urbanisation in Brazil using a spatiotemporal model. METHODS We combined distributed lag non-linear models with a spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model framework to determine the exposure-lag-response association between the relative risk (RR) of dengue and a drought severity index. We fit the model to monthly dengue case data for the 558 microregions of Brazil between January, 2001, and January, 2019, accounting for unobserved confounding factors, spatial autocorrelation, seasonality, and interannual variability. We assessed the variation in RR by level of urbanisation through an interaction between the drought severity index and urbanisation. We also assessed the effect of hydrometeorological hazards on dengue risk in areas with a high frequency of water supply shortages. FINDINGS The dataset included 12 895 293 dengue cases reported between 2001 and 2019 in Brazil. Overall, the risk of dengue increased between 0-3 months after extremely wet conditions (maximum RR at 1 month lag 1·56 [95% CI 1·41-1·73]) and 3-5 months after drought conditions (maximum RR at 4 months lag 1·43 [1·22-1·67]). Including a linear interaction between the drought severity index and level of urbanisation improved the model fit and showed the risk of dengue was higher in more rural areas than highly urbanised areas during extremely wet conditions (maximum RR 1·77 [1·32-2·37] at 0 months lag vs maximum RR 1·58 [1·39-1·81] at 2 months lag), but higher in highly urbanised areas than rural areas after extreme drought (maximum RR 1·60 [1·33-1·92] vs 1·15 [1·08-1·22], both at 4 months lag). We also found the dengue risk following extreme drought was higher in areas that had a higher frequency of water supply shortages. INTERPRETATION Wet conditions and extreme drought can increase the risk of dengue with different delays. The risk associated with extremely wet conditions was higher in more rural areas and the risk associated with extreme drought was exacerbated in highly urbanised areas, which have water shortages and intermittent water supply during droughts. These findings have implications for targeting mosquito control activities in poorly serviced urban areas, not only during the wet and warm season, but also during drought periods. FUNDING Royal Society, Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, National Institutes of Health, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. TRANSLATION For the Portuguese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Sophie A Lee
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kathleen M O'Reilly
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Oliver J Brady
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Leonardo Bastos
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Scientific Computing Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Felipe J Colón-González
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Health Information and Communication Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilia Sá Carvalho
- Scientific Computing Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Blangiardo
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Håvard Rue
- Statistics Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Public Health Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre for Statistical Modelling, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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12
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Davis C, Murphy AK, Bambrick H, Devine GJ, Frentiu FD, Yakob L, Huang X, Li Z, Yang W, Williams G, Hu W. A regional suitable conditions index to forecast the impact of climate change on dengue vectorial capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110849. [PMID: 33561446 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the primary vectors of dengue virus, and their geographic distributions are predicted to expand further with economic development, and in response to climate change. We aimed to estimate the impact of future climate change on dengue transmission through the development of a Suitable Conditions Index (SCI), based on climatic variables known to support vectorial capacity. We calculated the SCI based on various climate change scenarios for six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, Indonesia, The Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). METHODS Monthly raster climate data (temperature and precipitation) were collected for the period January 2005 to December 2018 along with projected climate estimates for the years 2030, 2050 and 2070 using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4·5, 6·0 and 8·5 emissions scenarios. We defined suitable temperature ranges for dengue transmission of between 17·05-34·61 °C for Ae. aegypti and 15·84-31·51 °C for Ae. albopictus and then developed a historical and predicted SCI based on weather variability to measure the expected geographic limits of dengue vectorial capacity. Historical and projected SCI values were compared through difference maps for the six countries. FINDINGS Comparing different emission scenarios across all countries, we found that most South East Asian countries showed either a stable pattern of high suitability, or a potential decline in suitability for both vectors from 2030 to 2070, with a declining pattern particularly evident for Ae. albopictus. Temperate areas of both China and Australia showed a less stable pattern, with both moderate increases and decreases in suitability for each vector in different regions between 2030 and 2070. INTERPRETATION The SCI will be a useful index for forecasting potential dengue risk distributions in response to climate change, and independently of the effects of human activity. When considered alongside additional correlates of infection such as human population density and socioeconomic development indicators, the SCI could be used to develop an early warning system for dengue transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callan Davis
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amanda K Murphy
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gregor J Devine
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Francesca D Frentiu
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laith Yakob
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhong Yang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Population Medicine & Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gail Williams
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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13
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A Bibliometric Analysis on Dengue Outbreaks in Tropical and Sub-Tropical Climates Worldwide Since 1950. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063197. [PMID: 33808795 PMCID: PMC8003706 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Severe dengue outbreaks (DOs) affect the majority of Asian and Latin American countries. Whether all DOs always occurred in sub-tropical and tropical areas (STTA) has not been verified. We downloaded abstracts by searching keywords “dengue (MeSH Major Topic)” from Pubmed Central since 1950, including three collections: country names in abstracts (CNA), no abstracts (WA), and no country names in abstracts (Non-CNA). Visualizations were created to present the DOs across countries/areas in STTA. The percentages of mentioned country names and authors’ countries in STTA were computed on the CNA and Non-CNA bases. The social network analysis was applied to highlight the most cited articles and countries. We found that (1) three collections are 3427 (25.48%), 3137 (23.33%), and 6884 (51.19%) in CNA, WA, and Non-CNA, respectively; (2) the percentages of 94.3% and 79.9% were found in the CNA and Non-CNA groups; (3) the most mentioned country in abstracts were India, Thailand, and Brazil; (4) most authors in the Non-CNA collections were from the United States, Brazil, and China; (5) the most cited article (PMID = 23563266) authored by Bhatt et al. had 2604 citations since 2013. Our findings provide in-depth insights into the DO knowledge. The research approaches are recommended for authors in research on other infectious diseases in the future, not just limited to the DO topic.
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14
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Lowe R, Lee S, Martins Lana R, Torres Codeço C, Castro MC, Pascual M. Emerging arboviruses in the urbanized Amazon rainforest. BMJ 2020; 371:m4385. [PMID: 33187952 PMCID: PMC7664915 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophie Lee
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Raquel Martins Lana
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia C Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mercedes Pascual
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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15
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do Carmo RF, Silva Júnior JVJ, Pastor AF, de Souza CDF. Spatiotemporal dynamics, risk areas and social determinants of dengue in Northeastern Brazil, 2014-2017: an ecological study. Infect Dis Poverty 2020; 9:153. [PMID: 33143752 PMCID: PMC7607617 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The Northeast region of Brazil is characterized by having one of the highest dengue rates in the country, in addition to being considered the poorest region. Here, we aimed to identify spatial clusters with the highest dengue risk, as well as to analyze the temporal behavior of the incidence rate and the effects of social determinants on the disease transmission dynamic in Northeastern Brazil. Methods This is an ecological study carried out with all confirmed cases of dengue in the Northeast Brazil between 2014 and 2017. Data were extracted from the National Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Local empirical Bayesian model, Moran statistics and spatial scan statistics were applied. The association between dengue incidence rate and social determinants was tested using Moran’s bivariate correlation. Results A total of 509 261 cases of dengue were confirmed in the Northeast during the study period, 53.41% of them were concentrated in Pernambuco and Ceará states. Spatial analysis showed a heterogeneous distribution of dengue cases in the region, with the highest rates in the east coast. Four risk clusters were observed, involving 815 municipalities (45.45%). Moreover, social indicators related to population density, education, income, housing, and social vulnerability showed a spatial correlation with the dengue incidence rate. Conclusions This study provides information on the spatial dynamics of dengue in northeastern Brazil and its relationship with social determinants and can be used in the formulation of public health policies to reduce the impact of the disease in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, Centro, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. .,Post Graduation Program in Bioscience, Federal University of São Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil.
| | - José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior
- Virology Sector, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Andre Filipe Pastor
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sertão Pernambucano (IF Sertao-PE), Floresta, Brazil
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16
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de Azevedo TS, Lorenz C, Chiaravalloti-Neto F. Spatiotemporal evolution of dengue outbreaks in Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:593-602. [DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dengue is a mosquito-borne febrile disease infecting millions of people worldwide. Identification of high-risk areas will allow public health services to concentrate their efforts in areas where outbreaks are most likely to occur. The present study focuses on describing the spatiotemporal evolution of dengue outbreaks in Brazil from 2000 to 2018.
Method
To assess the pattern behaviour and spatiotemporal trend of dengue outbreaks, the non-parametric kernel estimator method and the Mann–Kendall test, respectively, were used. Bivariate global Moran's I statistic was used to test the spatial correlation between dengue outbreaks, temperature, precipitation and population data.
Results
Our results revealed that the transmission cycles of dengue outbreaks vary in different spatiotemporal scenarios, with intermittent periods of outbreaks. In the period of study, outbreak clusters were primarily concentrated in the Northeast region and the transmission of dengue extended throughout Brazil until 2018. The probability of occurrence of dengue outbreaks was higher in high temperatures. Further, these space-time fluctuations in the number of outbreaks in the different regions were probably related to the high mobility between the populations of these regions, circulating serotypes and susceptible populations.
Conclusions
The distribution of dengue outbreaks is not random; it can be modified by socioeconomic and climatic moving boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S de Azevedo
- Secretary of Health, Municipality of Santa Barbara d'Oeste - Santa Bárbara d´Oeste, 13450-021, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Lorenz
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-904, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Drumond B, Ângelo J, Xavier DR, Catão R, Gurgel H, Barcellos C. Dengue spatiotemporal dynamics in the Federal District, Brazil: occurrence and permanence of epidemics. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:1641-1652. [PMID: 32402044 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020255.32952019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific characteristics of the Federal District (DF) favor the introduction, reproduction, dissemination, and permanence of dengue vector and viruses. Here, we aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of dengue epidemics in the Administrative Regions (RAs) of the DF from January 2007 to December 2017. We used Fourier partial series model to obtain a seasonal signature of the time series, which allowed calculating indicators of permanence (number of epidemic years, number of epidemic months per year, the proportion of epidemic months for the period) and time/moment of epidemics (month of epidemic peak). A total of 82 epidemics were recorded in this period. The RAs with the largest number of epidemic years were Varjão (5 epidemics), Gama, Lago Sul, and Sobradinho (4 epidemics). These last three RAs also had the highest proportions of epidemic months of the entire study period (9 epidemic months). The RAs with urban centrality function had an earlier epidemic peak than the others, in February and March. Epidemics showed high permanence values in RAs with different types of occupations, emphasizing the need to consider the social organization of space processes in dengue distribution studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Drumond
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
| | - Jussara Ângelo
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
| | - Diego Ricardo Xavier
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Catão
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Helen Gurgel
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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18
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Liu K, Hou X, Ren Z, Lowe R, Wang Y, Li R, Liu X, Sun J, Lu L, Song X, Wu H, Wang J, Yao W, Zhang C, Sang S, Gao Y, Li J, Li J, Xu L, Liu Q. Climate factors and the East Asian summer monsoon may drive large outbreaks of dengue in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109190. [PMID: 32311903 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between climate variables, East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and large outbreaks of dengue in China. METHODS We constructed ecological niche models (ENMs) to analyse the influence of climate factors on dengue occurrence and predict dengue outbreak areas in China. Furthermore, we formulated a generalised additive model (GAM) to quantify the impact of the EASM on dengue occurrence in mainland China from 1980 to 2016. RESULTS Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter had a 62.6% contribution to dengue outbreaks. Southern China including Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Yunnan provinces are more vulnerable to dengue emergence and resurgence. In addition, we found population density had a 68.7% contribution to dengue widely distribution in China using ENMs. Statistical analysis indicated a dome-shaped association between EASM and dengue outbreak using GAM, with the greatest impact in the South-East of China. Besides, there was a positive nonlinear association between monthly average temperature and dengue occurrence. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the influence of climate factors and East Asian summer monsoon on dengue outbreaks, providing a framework for future studies on the association between climate change and vector-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China; Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Xiang Hou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhoupeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rachel Lowe
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases and Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yiguan Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ruiyun Li
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jimin Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiupin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenwu Yao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chutian Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shaowei Sang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jianping Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES), Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Robert MA, Stewart-Ibarra AM, Estallo EL. Climate change and viral emergence: evidence from Aedes-borne arboviruses. Curr Opin Virol 2020; 40:41-47. [PMID: 32569752 PMCID: PMC7305058 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is leading to increases in global temperatures and erratic precipitation patterns, both of which are contributing to the expansion of mosquito-borne arboviruses and the populations of the mosquitos that vector them. Herein, we review recent evidence of emergence and expansion of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitos that has been driven in part by environmental changes. We present as a case study of recent work from Córdoba, Argentina, where dengue has been actively emerging in the past decade. We review recent empirical and modeling studies that aim to understand the impact of climate on future expansion of arboviruses, and we highlight gaps in empirical studies linking climate to arbovirus transmission at regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robert
- Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
| | - Anna M Stewart-Ibarra
- Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI), Montevideo, Department of Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Elizabet L Estallo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT) CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield1611, CP (X5016GCA), Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba Capital, Argentina
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20
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Castro MC, Baeza A, Codeço CT, Cucunubá ZM, Dal’Asta AP, De Leo GA, Dobson AP, Carrasco-Escobar G, Lana RM, Lowe R, Monteiro AMV, Pascual M, Santos-Vega M. Development, environmental degradation, and disease spread in the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000526. [PMID: 31730640 PMCID: PMC6881077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazon is Brazil's greatest natural resource and invaluable to the rest of the world as a buffer against climate change. The recent election of Brazil's president brought disputes over development plans for the region back into the spotlight. Historically, the development model for the Amazon has focused on exploitation of natural resources, resulting in environmental degradation, particularly deforestation. Although considerable attention has focused on the long-term global cost of "losing the Amazon," too little attention has focused on the emergence and reemergence of vector-borne diseases that directly impact the local population, with spillover effects to other neighboring areas. We discuss the impact of Amazon development models on human health, with a focus on vector-borne disease risk. We outline policy actions that could mitigate these negative impacts while creating opportunities for environmentally sensitive economic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C. Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andres Baeza
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science (GDCS), Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | - Zulma M. Cucunubá
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis (MRC GIDA), Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Paula Dal’Asta
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giulio A. De Leo
- Woods Institute for the Environment and Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. Dobson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt,” Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Raquel Martins Lana
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rachel Lowe
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health & Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Pascual
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Santos-Vega
- Departamento de Ingeniería Biomédica, Grupo de Investigación en Biología Matemática y Computacional BIOMAC, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Tiguman GMB, Silva MT, Souza KM, Galvao TF. Prevalence of self-reported dengue infections in Manaus Metropolitan Region: a cross-sectional study. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20190232. [PMID: 31508784 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0232-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dengue is an endemic and epidemic disease in Brazil, with a high burden of disease. Amazonas State has a high risk of transmission. This study aimed to assess the self-reported prevalence of dengue in adults living in Manaus Metropolitan Region. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults living in Manaus Metropolitan Region in 2015. We performed a three-phase probabilistic sampling to collect participants' clinical and sociodemographic data. Self-reported dengue infection in the previous year was the primary outcome. Descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis with robust variance were used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) of dengue infections with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Multilevel analysis including city and neighborhood variables was calculated. All analyses considered the complex sampling. RESULTS Among the 4,001 participants, dengue in the previous year was self-reported by 7.0% (95% CI 6.3%-7.8%). Dengue was more frequent in women(PR 1.51; 95% CI 1.06-2.13), elderly participants (≥60 years old, PR 2.54; 95% CI 1.19-5.45), White and Asian participants (PR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11-2.23), and individuals who had not received endemic agent visits (PR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.31-3.99). After multilevel analysis, sex was no longer a significant variable, with the remaining associations still significant. CONCLUSIONS Seven out of 100 inhabitants of Manaus Metropolitan Region reported dengue in the previous year. Dengue was predominantly observed in women, elderly individuals, White and Asian individuals, and individuals who did not receive endemic agent visits. The setting plays an important role in dengue infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Tolentino Silva
- Universidade de Sorocaba, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Tais Freire Galvao
- Universidade de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Entomo-virological surveillance strategy for dengue, Zika and chikungunya arboviruses in field-caught Aedes mosquitoes in an endemic urban area of the Northeast of Brazil. Acta Trop 2019; 197:105061. [PMID: 31194961 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aedes spp. are considered the main vectors of dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses in the world. Arbovirus detection in Aedes mosquitoes can alert authorities to possible outbreaks, reducing the impact of these diseases. The purpose of this study was to perform an operational strategy for virological surveillance of DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV in adult Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes captured at different key-sites in an endemic urban area of the Northeast Region of Brazil, with the prospect of discussing its role as part of an alert system for outbreaks in critical areas. Residential and non-residential premises located in areas of recent of transmission of these arboviruses were selected for adult mosquito collection in the rainy season (July) of 2018. A total of 1068 adult mosquitoes were collected: 946 Culex quinquefasciatus (88.6%), 118 Ae. aegypti (11.0%), two Ae. albopictus (0.2%) and two Aedes taeniorhynchus (0.2%). Among the premises surveyed, recycling points (N = 48, 40.7%), municipal schools (N = 36, 30.5%) and junkyards (N = 31, 26.2%) were the places with the highest frequency of adult Ae. aegypti. Health units (including primary health care facilities and one hospital) (N = 23; 19.5%) together with residential premises (N = 11; 9.3%) presented the lowest frequencies. Total RNAs of the samples were extracted from Aedes mosquitoes and a nested reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for detecting and typing DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV was performed. From the 37 Aedes spp. pools analyzed (35 Ae. aegypti, one Ae. albopictus and one Ae. taeniorhynchus), seven were positive for DENV-3, including three pools containing Ae. aegypti females, one containing an Ae. aegypti engorged female and three comprised of Ae. aegypti males. The positive pools were composed of mosquitoes collected in public schools, health units, junkyards, recycling points and residential premises. Our findings reinforce the importance of continuous virological surveillance in Aedes mosquitoes, as a useful tool for detecting arboviruses circulation in vulnerable areas, even in low infestation seasons.
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de Oliveira-Júnior JF, Gois G, da Silva EB, Teodoro PE, Johann JA, Junior CAS. Non-parametric tests and multivariate analysis applied to reported dengue cases in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:473. [PMID: 31256248 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is among the largest public health problems in Brazil. Reported dengue cases via DATASUS were correlated with reanalysis data from NCEP (rainfall and air temperature) and Brazil's population data (2000 and 2010) from 1994 to 2014. The aim of this study was to evaluate relational patterns between climate variables together with population data from the last census and reported cases of dengue in Brazil from 1994 to 2014 by using statistical techniques. Several statistical methods [descriptive and exploratory statistics; simple and multiple linear regressions; Mann-Kendall (MK), Run, and Pettit nonparametric tests; and multivariate statistics via cluster analysis (CA)] were applied to time series. The highest percentages of Dengue cases were in Brazil's Southeast (47.14%), Northeast (29.86%), and Central West (13.01%). Upon CA of the Brazilian regions, three homogeneous dengue groups were formed: G1 (North and Central West), G2 (Southeast and Northeast), and G3 (South). Run testing indicated that the time series is homogenous and persistence free. MK testing showed a nonsignificant trend of increase of dengue cases in 23 states with positive trends and in four states with negative trends of Brazil. A significant increase in the magnitude of dengue at the regional level was recorded in the North, Southeast, South, and Central West regions. Statistical methods showed that dengue variability in Brazil is cyclical (2- to 3-year cycles), but not repetitive of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the moderate, strong, and neutral categories. ENSO interferes with the action of weather systems, changing or intensifying rainfall and air temperatures in Brazil. The population increase in recent decades and the lack of effective public policies together with the action of ENSO contributed to the increase in dengue cases reported in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Givanildo Gois
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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Fouque F, Reeder JC. Impact of past and on-going changes on climate and weather on vector-borne diseases transmission: a look at the evidence. Infect Dis Poverty 2019; 8:51. [PMID: 31196187 PMCID: PMC6567422 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-019-0565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The climate variables that directly influence vector-borne diseases’ ecosystems are mainly temperature and rainfall. This is not only because the vectors bionomics are strongly dependent upon these variables, but also because most of the elements of the systems are impacted, such as the host behavior and development and the pathogen amplification. The impact of the climate changes on the transmission patterns of these diseases is not easily understood, since many confounding factors are acting together. Consequently, knowledge of these impacts is often based on hypothesis derived from mathematical models. Nevertheless, some direct evidences can be found for several vector-borne diseases. Main body Evidences of the impact of climate change are available for malaria, arbovirus diseases such as dengue, and many other parasitic and viral diseases such as Rift Valley Fever, Japanese encephalitis, human African trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis. The effect of temperature and rainfall change as well as extreme events, were found to be the main cause for outbreaks and are alarming the global community. Among the main driving factors, climate strongly influences the geographical distribution of insect vectors, which is rapidly changing due to climate change. Further, in both models and direct evidences, climate change is seen to be affecting vector-borne diseases more strikingly in fringe of different climatic areas often in the border of transmission zones, which were once free of these diseases with human populations less immune and more receptive. The impact of climate change is also more devastating because of the unpreparedness of Public Health systems to provide adequate response to the events, even when climatic warning is available. Although evidences are strong at the regional and local levels, the studies on impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases and health are producing contradictory results at the global level. Conclusions In this paper we discuss the current state of the results and draw on evidences from malaria, dengue and other vector-borne diseases to illustrate the state of current thinking and outline the need for further research to inform our predictions and response. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-019-0565-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Fouque
- UNICEF/UNDP/ World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), 20 Avenue Appia, 1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - John C Reeder
- UNICEF/UNDP/ World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), 20 Avenue Appia, 1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland
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Churakov M, Villabona-Arenas CJ, Kraemer MUG, Salje H, Cauchemez S. Spatio-temporal dynamics of dengue in Brazil: Seasonal travelling waves and determinants of regional synchrony. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007012. [PMID: 31009460 PMCID: PMC6497439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue continues to be the most important vector-borne viral disease globally and in Brazil, where more than 1.4 million cases and over 500 deaths were reported in 2016. Mosquito control programmes and other interventions have not stopped the alarming trend of increasingly large epidemics in the past few years. Here, we analyzed monthly dengue cases reported in Brazil between 2001 and 2016 to better characterise the key drivers of dengue epidemics. Spatio-temporal analysis revealed recurring travelling waves of disease occurrence. Using wavelet methods, we characterised the average seasonal pattern of dengue in Brazil, which starts in the western states of Acre and Rondônia, then travels eastward to the coast before reaching the northeast of the country. Only two states in the north of Brazil (Roraima and Amapá) did not follow the countrywide pattern and had inconsistent timing of dengue epidemics throughout the study period. We also explored epidemic synchrony and timing of annual dengue cycles in Brazilian regions. Using gravity style models combined with climate factors, we showed that both human mobility and vector ecology contribute to spatial patterns of dengue occurrence. This study offers a characterization of the spatial dynamics of dengue in Brazil and its drivers, which could inform intervention strategies against dengue and other arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Churakov
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Christian J. Villabona-Arenas
- UMI233 TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Moritz U. G. Kraemer
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Computational Epidemiology Lab, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Salje
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris, France
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26
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Duarte JL, Diaz-Quijano FA, Batista AC, Giatti LL. Climatic variables associated with dengue incidence in a city of the Western Brazilian Amazon region. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20180429. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0429-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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27
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Nava A, Shimabukuro JS, Chmura AA, Luz SLB. The Impact of Global Environmental Changes on Infectious Disease Emergence with a Focus on Risks for Brazil. ILAR J 2018; 58:393-400. [PMID: 29253158 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental changes have a huge impact on the emergence and reemergence of certain infectious diseases, mostly in countries with high biodiversity and serious unresolved environmental, social, and economic issues. This article summarizes the most important findings with special attention to Brazil and diseases of present public health importance in the country such as Chikungunya, dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, leptospirosis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease. An extensive literature review revealed a relationship between infectious diseases outbreaks and climate change events (El Niño, La Niña, heatwaves, droughts, floods, increased temperature, higher rainfall, and others) or environmental changes (habitat fragmentation, deforestation, urbanization, bushmeat consumption, and others). To avoid or control outbreaks, integrated surveillance systems and effective outreach programs are essential. Due to strong global and local influence on emergence of infectious diseases, a more holistic approach is necessary to mitigate or control them in low-income nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Nava
- Alessandra Nava, PhD, is a researcher at FIOCRUZ ILMD in Manaus, Brazil. Dr. Nava is part of Cnpq Research Group Ecology of Transmissible Diseases in Amazon, serves on the executive board of the International Association for Ecology and Health, and IUCN Peccaries specialist group. Juliana Suieko Shimabukuro, MSc, is a PhD student at University of São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil. Aleksei A. Chmura, BSc, is a program coordinator at EcoHealth Alliance in New York, NY, USA and a PhD student at Kingston University in London, United Kingdom. Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz, PhD, is Director at Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ Amazônia in Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Suieko Shimabukuro
- Alessandra Nava, PhD, is a researcher at FIOCRUZ ILMD in Manaus, Brazil. Dr. Nava is part of Cnpq Research Group Ecology of Transmissible Diseases in Amazon, serves on the executive board of the International Association for Ecology and Health, and IUCN Peccaries specialist group. Juliana Suieko Shimabukuro, MSc, is a PhD student at University of São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil. Aleksei A. Chmura, BSc, is a program coordinator at EcoHealth Alliance in New York, NY, USA and a PhD student at Kingston University in London, United Kingdom. Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz, PhD, is Director at Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ Amazônia in Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Aleksei A Chmura
- Alessandra Nava, PhD, is a researcher at FIOCRUZ ILMD in Manaus, Brazil. Dr. Nava is part of Cnpq Research Group Ecology of Transmissible Diseases in Amazon, serves on the executive board of the International Association for Ecology and Health, and IUCN Peccaries specialist group. Juliana Suieko Shimabukuro, MSc, is a PhD student at University of São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil. Aleksei A. Chmura, BSc, is a program coordinator at EcoHealth Alliance in New York, NY, USA and a PhD student at Kingston University in London, United Kingdom. Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz, PhD, is Director at Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ Amazônia in Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz
- Alessandra Nava, PhD, is a researcher at FIOCRUZ ILMD in Manaus, Brazil. Dr. Nava is part of Cnpq Research Group Ecology of Transmissible Diseases in Amazon, serves on the executive board of the International Association for Ecology and Health, and IUCN Peccaries specialist group. Juliana Suieko Shimabukuro, MSc, is a PhD student at University of São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil. Aleksei A. Chmura, BSc, is a program coordinator at EcoHealth Alliance in New York, NY, USA and a PhD student at Kingston University in London, United Kingdom. Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz, PhD, is Director at Instituto Lêonidas e Maria Deane FIOCRUZ Amazônia in Amazonas, Brazil
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Cheng YH, Lin YJ, Chen SC, You SH, Chen WY, Hsieh NH, Yang YF, Liao CM. Assessing health burden risk and control effect on dengue fever infection in the southern region of Taiwan. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:1423-1435. [PMID: 30233221 PMCID: PMC6132233 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s169820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of dengue in Taiwan and the consecutive large dengue outbreaks in the period 2014-2015 suggest that current control interventions are suboptimal. Understanding the effect of control effort is crucial to inform future control strategies. OBJECTIVES We developed a framework to measure season-based health burden risk from 2001 to 2014. We reconstructed various intervention coverage to assess the attributable effect of dengue infection control efforts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A dengue-mosquito-human transmission dynamic was used to quantify the vector-host interactions and to estimate the disease epidemics. We used disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to assess health burden risk. A temperature-basic reproduction number (R0)-DALYs relationship was constructed to examine the potential impacts of temperature on health burden. Finally, a health burden risk model linked a control measure model to evaluate the effect of dengue control interventions. RESULTS We showed that R0 and DALYs peaked at 25°C with estimates of 2.37 and 1387, respectively. Results indicated that most dengue cases occurred in fall with estimated DALYs of 323 (267-379, 95% CI) at 50% risk probability. We found that repellent spray had by far the largest control effect with an effectiveness of ~71% in all seasons. Pesticide spray and container clean-up have both made important contributions to reducing prevalence/incidence. Repellent, pesticide spray, container clean-up together with Wolbachia infection suppress dengue outbreak by ~90%. CONCLUSION Our presented modeling framework provides a useful tool to measure dengue health burden risk and to quantify the effect of dengue control on dengue infection prevalence and disease incidence in the southern region of Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yi-Jun Lin
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Szu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China,
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Shu-Han You
- Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Nan-Hung Hsieh
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ying-Fei Yang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
| | - Chung-Min Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
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Time series analysis of dengue surveillance data in two Brazilian cities. Acta Trop 2018; 182:190-197. [PMID: 29545150 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the temporal patterns of dengue incidence from 2001 to 2014 and forecast for 2015 in two Brazilian cities. We analysed dengue surveillance data (SINAN) from Recife, 1.6 million population, and Goiania, 1.4 million population. We used Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modelling of monthly notified dengue incidence (2001-2014). Forecasting models (95% prediction interval) were developed to predict numbers of dengue cases for 2015. During the study period, 73,479 dengue cases were reported in Recife varying from 11 cases/100,000 inhab (2004) to 2418 cases/100,000 inhab (2002). In Goiania, 253,008 dengue cases were reported and the yearly incidence varied from 293 cases/100,000 inhab (2004) to 3927 cases/100,000 inhab (2013). Trend was the most important component for Recife, while seasonality was the most important one in Goiania. For Recife, the best fitted model was ARIMA (1,1,3)12 and for Goiania Seasonal ARIMA (1,0,2) (1,1,2)12. The model predicted 4254 dengue cases for Recife in 2015; SINAN registered 35,724 cases. For Goiania the model predicted 33,757 cases for 2015; the reported number of cases by SINAN was 74,095, within the 95% prediction interval. The difference between notified and forecasted dengue cases in Recife can be explained by the co-circulation of dengue and Zika virus in 2015. In this year, all cases with rash were notified as "dengue-like" illness. The ARIMA models may be considered a baseline for the time series analysis of dengue incidence before the Zika epidemic.
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Limiting global-mean temperature increase to 1.5-2 °C could reduce the incidence and spatial spread of dengue fever in Latin America. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:6243-6248. [PMID: 29844166 PMCID: PMC6004471 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718945115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is a multigeneral circulation model, multiscenario modeling exercise developed to quantify the dengue-related health benefits of limiting global warming to 1.5–2.0 °C above preindustrial levels in Latin America and the Caribbean. We estimate the impact of future climate change and population growth on the additional number of dengue cases and provide insights about the regions and periods most likely affected by changes in the length of the transmission season. Here, we show that future climate change may amplify dengue transmission and that significant impacts could be avoided by constraining global warming to 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels. Our work could be a starting point for future risk assessments incorporating other important drivers of disease such as urbanization and international traveling. The Paris Climate Agreement aims to hold global-mean temperature well below 2 °C and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels. While it is recognized that there are benefits for human health in limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, the magnitude with which those societal benefits will be accrued remains unquantified. Crucial to public health preparedness and response is the understanding and quantification of such impacts at different levels of warming. Using dengue in Latin America as a study case, a climate-driven dengue generalized additive mixed model was developed to predict global warming impacts using five different global circulation models, all scaled to represent multiple global-mean temperature assumptions. We show that policies to limit global warming to 2 °C could reduce dengue cases by about 2.8 (0.8–7.4) million cases per year by the end of the century compared with a no-policy scenario that warms by 3.7 °C. Limiting warming further to 1.5 °C produces an additional drop in cases of about 0.5 (0.2–1.1) million per year. Furthermore, we found that by limiting global warming we can limit the expansion of the disease toward areas where incidence is currently low. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for more comprehensive studies incorporating socioeconomic scenarios and how they may further impact dengue incidence. Our results demonstrate that although future climate change may amplify dengue transmission in the region, impacts may be avoided by constraining the level of warming.
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31
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de Castro DB, Sampaio VS, de Albuquerque BC, Pinto RC, Sadahiro M, Dos Passos RA, da Costa CF, Braga JU. Dengue epidemic typology and risk factors for extensive epidemic in Amazonas state, Brazil, 2010-2011. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:356. [PMID: 29544456 PMCID: PMC5855995 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease affecting humans. The frequency and magnitude of dengue epidemic have significantly increased over recent decades. This study aimed to identify dengue epidemic types and risk factors for the extensive epidemics that occurred in 2010-2011, across the municipalities of Amazonas state, Brazil. METHODS Using an ecological approach, secondary data were obtained from the dengue fever surveillance system. Epidemic waves were classified according to three indices: duration, intensity, and coverage. A hierarchical model of multiple logistic regression was used for the identification of risk factors, with the occurrence of extensive dengue epidemic. RESULTS During the study period, dengue virus affected 49 of the 62 Amazonas municipalities. In 22 of these, the epidemics were of high intensity, wide range, and long time span, and therefore categorized as "extensive epidemics". The final multivariable model revealed a significant association between extensive dengue epidemics occurrence and the average number of days with precipitation (adjusted OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.01-1.94) and the number of years with infestation (adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.18-1.98). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that it is crucial to integrate vector control, case management, epidemiological investigation, and health education, in order to respond to the growing threat of multiple mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya, which are highly prevalent in the South America region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barros de Castro
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanderson Souza Sampaio
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado - FMT-HVD, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Augusto Dos Passos
- Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - José Ueleres Braga
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Instituto de Medicina Social - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,PECTI-SAÚDE / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
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Lowe R, Barcellos C, Brasil P, Cruz OG, Honório NA, Kuper H, Carvalho MS. The Zika Virus Epidemic in Brazil: From Discovery to Future Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E96. [PMID: 29315224 PMCID: PMC5800195 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first confirmed case of Zika virus infection in the Americas was reported in Northeast Brazil in May 2015, although phylogenetic studies indicate virus introduction as early as 2013. Zika rapidly spread across Brazil and to more than 50 other countries and territories on the American continent. The Aedesaegypti mosquito is thought to be the principal vector responsible for the widespread transmission of the virus. However, sexual transmission has also been reported. The explosively emerging epidemic has had diverse impacts on population health, coinciding with cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and an unexpected epidemic of newborns with microcephaly and other neurological impairments. This led to Brazil declaring a national public health emergency in November 2015, followed by a similar decision by the World Health Organization three months later. While dengue virus serotypes took several decades to spread across Brazil, the Zika virus epidemic diffused within months, extending beyond the area of permanent dengue transmission, which is bound by a climatic barrier in the south and low population density areas in the north. This rapid spread was probably due to a combination of factors, including a massive susceptible population, climatic conditions conducive for the mosquito vector, alternative non-vector transmission, and a highly mobile population. The epidemic has since subsided, but many unanswered questions remain. In this article, we provide an overview of the discovery of Zika virus in Brazil, including its emergence and spread, epidemiological surveillance, vector and non-vector transmission routes, clinical complications, and socio-economic impacts. We discuss gaps in the knowledge and the challenges ahead to anticipate, prevent, and control emerging and re-emerging epidemics of arboviruses in Brazil and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGLOBAL), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Institute of Health Communication and Information, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Oswaldo G Cruz
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Nildimar Alves Honório
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores-Nosmove/Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Marilia Sá Carvalho
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
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Antonio FJ, Itami AS, de Picoli S, Teixeira JJV, Mendes RDS. Spatial patterns of dengue cases in Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180715. [PMID: 28715435 PMCID: PMC5513438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue infection plays a central role in our society, since it is the most prevalent vector-borne viral disease affecting humans. We statistically investigated patterns concerning the spatial spreading of dengue epidemics in Brazil, as well as their temporal evolution in all Brazilian municipalities for a period of 12 years. We showed that the distributions of cases in municipalities follow power laws persistent in time and that the infection scales linearly with the population of the municipalities. We also found that the average number of dengue cases does not have a clear dependence on the longitudinal position of municipalities. On the other hand, we found that the average distribution of cases varies with the latitudinal position of municipalities, displaying an almost constant growth from high latitudes until reaching the Tropic of Capricorn leveling to a plateau closer to the Equator. We also characterized the spatial correlation of the number of dengue cases between pairs of municipalities, where our results showed that the spatial correlation function decays with the increase of distance between municipalities, following a power-law with an exponential cut-off. This regime leads to a typical dengue traveling distance. Finally, we considered modeling this last behaviour within the framework of a Edwards-Wilkinson equation with a fractional derivative on space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Jose Antonio
- Departamento Acadêmico de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – Cornélio Procópio, Brazil
| | - Andreia Silva Itami
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Sergio de Picoli
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Renio dos Santos Mendes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Maringá, Brazil
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Bortz M, Kano M, Ramroth H, Barcellos C, Weaver SR, Rothenberg R, Magalhães M. Disaggregating health inequalities within Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2002-2010, by applying an urban health inequality index. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2016; 31 Suppl 1:107-19. [PMID: 26648367 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00081214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An urban health index (UHI) was used to quantify health inequalities within Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the years 2002-2010. Eight main health indicators were generated at the ward level using mortality data. The indicators were combined to form the index. The distribution of the rank ordered UHI-values provides information on inequality among wards, using the ratio of the extremes and the gradient of the middle values. Over the decade the ratio of extremes in 2010 declined relative to 2002 (1.57 vs. 1.32) as did the slope of the middle values (0.23 vs. 0.16). A spatial division between the affluent south and the deprived north and east is still visible. The UHI correlated on an ecological ward-level with socioeconomic and urban environment indicators like square meter price of apartments (0.54, p < 0.01), low education of mother (-0.61, p < 0.01), low income (-0.62, p < 0.01) and proportion of black ethnicity (-0.55, p < 0.01). The results suggest that population health and equity have improved in Rio de Janeiro in the last decade though some familiar patterns of spatial inequality remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bortz
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Megumi Kano
- Centre for Health Development, WHO, Kobe, Japan
| | - Heribert Ramroth
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Scott R Weaver
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, U.S.A
| | | | - Monica Magalhães
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Lowe R, Coelho CA, Barcellos C, Carvalho MS, Catão RDC, Coelho GE, Ramalho WM, Bailey TC, Stephenson DB, Rodó X. Evaluating probabilistic dengue risk forecasts from a prototype early warning system for Brazil. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26910315 PMCID: PMC4775211 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a prototype dengue early warning system was developed to produce probabilistic forecasts of dengue risk three months ahead of the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. Here, we evaluate the categorical dengue forecasts across all microregions in Brazil, using dengue cases reported in June 2014 to validate the model. We also compare the forecast model framework to a null model, based on seasonal averages of previously observed dengue incidence. When considering the ability of the two models to predict high dengue risk across Brazil, the forecast model produced more hits and fewer missed events than the null model, with a hit rate of 57% for the forecast model compared to 33% for the null model. This early warning model framework may be useful to public health services, not only ahead of mass gatherings, but also before the peak dengue season each year, to control potentially explosive dengue epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Climate Dynamics and Impacts Unit, Institut Català de Ciències del Clima, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caio As Coelho
- Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael De Castro Catão
- Climate Dynamics and Impacts Unit, Institut Català de Ciències del Clima, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Giovanini E Coelho
- Coordenação Geral do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Trevor C Bailey
- Exeter Climate Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David B Stephenson
- Exeter Climate Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Rodó
- Climate Dynamics and Impacts Unit, Institut Català de Ciències del Clima, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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Modelling Climate-Sensitive Disease Risk: A Decision Support Tool for Public Health Services. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20161-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Lowe R. Understanding the relative importance of global dengue risk factors. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2015; 109:607-8. [PMID: 26311416 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trv068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted viral infection of major international public health concern. Global environmental and socio-economic change has created ideal conditions for the global expansion of dengue transmission. Innovative modelling tools help in understanding the global determinants of dengue risk and the relative impact of environmental and socio-economic factors on dengue transmission and spread. While climatic factors may act as a limiting factor on the global scale, other processes may play a dominant role at the local level. Understanding the spatial scales at which environmental and socio-economic factors dominate can help to target appropriate dengue control and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Climate Dynamics and Impacts Unit, Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Feldstein LR, Brownstein JS, Brady OJ, Hay SI, Johansson MA. Dengue on islands: a Bayesian approach to understanding the global ecology of dengue viruses. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2015; 109:303-12. [PMID: 25771261 PMCID: PMC4401210 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trv012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmission of dengue viruses (DENV), the most common arboviral pathogens globally, is influenced by many climatic and socioeconomic factors. However, the relative contributions of these factors on a global scale are unclear. Methods We randomly selected 94 islands stratified by socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. With a Bayesian model, we assessed factors contributing to the probability of islands having a history of any dengue outbreaks and of having frequent outbreaks. Results Minimum temperature was strongly associated with suitability for DENV transmission. Islands with a minimum monthly temperature of greater than 14.8°C (95% CI: 12.4–16.6°C) were predicted to be suitable for DENV transmission. Increased population size and precipitation were associated with increased outbreak frequency, but did not capture all of the variability. Predictions for 48 testing islands verified these findings. Conclusions This analysis clarified two key components of DENV ecology: minimum temperature was the most important determinant of suitability; and endemicity was more likely in areas with high precipitation and large, but not necessarily dense, populations. Wealth and connectivity, in contrast, had no discernable effects. This model adds to our knowledge of global determinants of dengue risk and provides a basis for understanding the ecology of dengue endemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leora R Feldstein
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 1 Autumn St., Boston, MA 02215, USA Center for Statistics and Quantitative Infectious Diseases, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; USA
| | - John S Brownstein
- Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 1 Autumn St., Boston, MA 02215, USA Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 1 Autumn St., Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Oliver J Brady
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Simon I Hay
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Johansson
- Dengue Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, CDC, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920, USA
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Wiwanitkit V. Dengue transmission and urban environmental gradients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:265. [PMID: 24966034 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Tran TT, Olsen A, Viennet E, Sleigh A. Social sustainability of Mesocyclops biological control for dengue in South Vietnam. Acta Trop 2015; 141:54-9. [PMID: 25312335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Copepod Mesocyclops as biological control agents for dengue was previously proven to be effective and sustainable in the Northern and Central provinces of Vietnam. We aim to study social sustainability of Mesocyclops intervention in south Vietnam. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. An entomological survey was carried out in 100 random households of Chanh An commune, Vinh Long Province. Aedes larval indices and Mesocyclops prevalence were compared with historical pre- and post-intervention values. In the same commune, using purposeful sampling, sixteen semi-structured interviews (1 villager leader, 1 local doctor, 10 villagers, 2 teachers, 2 entomology officials), and a focus group discussion (6 Mesocyclops program collaborators) explored water storage habits, beliefs about dengue prevention and behaviour related to Mesocyclops. Thematic analysis was conducted to interpret the qualitative findings. Aedes abundance increased after responsibility for Mesocyclops intervention moved from government to community in 2010, with post-transfer surges in Breteau Index, Container Index, and Larval Density Index. Larval increments coincided with decrease in Mesocyclops prevalence. Villagers had some knowledge of dengue but it was conflated with other mosquito borne diseases and understanding of Mesocyclops was incomplete. Program adoption among the villagers was limited. With reduced government support program collaborators reported limited capacity to conduct population monitoring, and instead targeted 'problem' households. Although the Mesocyclops program was highly sustainable in northern and central provinces of Vietnam, the intervention has not been consistently adopted by southern households in Chanh An commune. Limited education, household monitoring and government support are affecting sustainability. Findings were based on a small household sample visited over a short time period, so other evaluations are needed. However, our results suggest that government support for the Mesocyclops program is still required in this part of Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Tam Tran
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Anna Olsen
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elvina Viennet
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Adrian Sleigh
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Christovam Barcellos
- Health Communication and Information Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ICICT/FIOCRUZ), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Rachel Lowe
- Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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