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Zou M, Shabala S, Zhao C, Zhou M. Molecular mechanisms and regulation of recombination frequency and distribution in plants. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:86. [PMID: 38512498 PMCID: PMC10957645 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Recent developments in understanding the distribution and distinctive features of recombination hotspots are reviewed and approaches are proposed to increase recombination frequency in coldspot regions. Recombination events during meiosis provide the foundation and premise for creating new varieties of crops. The frequency of recombination in different genomic regions differs across eukaryote species, with recombination generally occurring more frequently at the ends of chromosomes. In most crop species, recombination is rare in centromeric regions. If a desired gene variant is linked in repulsion with an undesired variant of a second gene in a region with a low recombination rate, obtaining a recombinant plant combining two favorable alleles will be challenging. Traditional crop breeding involves combining desirable genes from parental plants into offspring. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of recombination and factors affecting the occurrence of meiotic recombination is important for crop breeding. Here, we review chromosome recombination types, recombination mechanisms, genes and proteins involved in the meiotic recombination process, recombination hotspots and their regulation systems and discuss how to increase recombination frequency in recombination coldspot regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Zou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 1375, Prospect, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 1375, Prospect, TAS, 7250, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 1375, Prospect, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 1375, Prospect, TAS, 7250, Australia.
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Ito M, Fujita Y, Shinohara A. Positive and negative regulators of RAD51/DMC1 in homologous recombination and DNA replication. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 134:103613. [PMID: 38142595 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
RAD51 recombinase plays a central role in homologous recombination (HR) by forming a nucleoprotein filament on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to catalyze homology search and strand exchange between the ssDNA and a homologous double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The catalytic activity of RAD51 assembled on ssDNA is critical for the DNA-homology-mediated repair of DNA double-strand breaks in somatic and meiotic cells and restarting stalled replication forks during DNA replication. The RAD51-ssDNA complex also plays a structural role in protecting the regressed/reversed replication fork. Two types of regulators control RAD51 filament formation, stability, and dynamics, namely positive regulators, including mediators, and negative regulators, so-called remodelers. The appropriate balance of action by the two regulators assures genome stability. This review describes the roles of positive and negative RAD51 regulators in HR and DNA replication and its meiosis-specific homolog DMC1 in meiotic recombination. We also provide future study directions for a comprehensive understanding of RAD51/DMC1-mediated regulation in maintaining and inheriting genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Ito
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yurika Fujita
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akira Shinohara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Emmenecker C, Mézard C, Kumar R. Repair of DNA double-strand breaks in plant meiosis: role of eukaryotic RecA recombinases and their modulators. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2023; 36:17-41. [PMID: 35641832 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-022-00443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination during meiosis is crucial for the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair that promotes the balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes and enhances genetic variation. In most eukaryotes, two recombinases RAD51 and DMC1 form nucleoprotein filaments on single-stranded DNA generated at DSB sites and play a central role in the meiotic DSB repair and genome stability. These nucleoprotein filaments perform homology search and DNA strand exchange to initiate repair using homologous template-directed sequences located elsewhere in the genome. Multiple factors can regulate the assembly, stability, and disassembly of RAD51 and DMC1 nucleoprotein filaments. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the meiotic functions of RAD51 and DMC1 and the role of their positive and negative modulators. We discuss the current models and regulators of homology searches and strand exchange conserved during plant meiosis. Manipulation of these repair factors during plant meiosis also holds a great potential to accelerate plant breeding for crop improvements and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Côme Emmenecker
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
- University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christine Mézard
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
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OsRAD51 Plays a Vital Role in Promoting Homologous Recombination in Rice Meiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179906. [PMID: 36077304 PMCID: PMC9456343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic recombination plays a pivotal role in achieving accurate chromosomal segregation and increasing genetic diversity. In the homologous recombination pathway, the detailed mechanisms of how OsRAD51 and OsDMC1 work in rice meiosis remain to be explored. Here, we obtained different types of mutants for Osrad51a1, Osrad51a2, Osdmc1a, and Osdmc1b through CRISPR/Cas9. Both Osrad51a1 and Osrad51a2 exhibited normal vegetative growth and fertility. Osrad51 (Osrad51a1 Osrad51a2) mutant plants show normal vegetative growth but exhibit complete sterility, indicating that OsRAD51A1 and OsRAD51A2 are functionally redundant in rice fertility. In contrast to the wild type, Osrad51 chromosomes are not paired perfectly at pachytene and synaptonemal complex (SC) formation is deficient. Moreover, univalents and multivalent associations were observed at metaphase I, chromosome fragments presented at anaphase I, and crossover formation is basically suppressed in Osrad51 pollen mother cells (PMCs). OsRAD51 foci emerge at leptotene and disappear from late pachytene and chromosome localization of OsRAD51 depends on the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Most OsRAD51 foci can co-localize with OsDMC1 signals. OsRAD51 is essential for the loading of OsDMC1 onto chromosomes, and vice versa. In addition, both OsRAD51 and OsDMC1 can interact with OsFIGL1 and OsBRCA2, two important components in rice meiosis. Moreover, the Osrad51 Osdmc1 (Osrad51a1 Osrad51a2 Osdmc1a Osdmc1b) quadruple mutant PMCs exhibited similar defective phenotypes as Osrad51 in homologous pairing, synapsis, and DSB repair. Taken together, our results suggest that the recombinases DMC1 and RAD51 may functionally depend on each other and play important roles in meiotic recombination during meiosis in rice.
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Li X, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Song S, Liu J. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 promotes seed-setting rate by facilitating gametophyte development and meiosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:760-774. [PMID: 33977586 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), which transfer either monomer or polymer of ADP-ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) onto target proteins, are required for multiple processes in DNA damage repair, cell cycle, development, and abiotic stress in animals and plants. Here, the uncharacterized rice (Oryza sativa) OsPARP1, which has been predicted to have two alternative OsPARP1 mRNA splicing variants, OsPARP1.1 and OsPARP1.2, was investigated. However, bimolecular fluorescence complementation showed that only OsPARP1.1 interacted with OsPARP3 paralog, suggesting that OsPARP1.1 is a functional protein in rice. OsPARP1 was preferentially expressed in the stamen primordial and pollen grain of mature stamen during flower development. The osparp1 mutant and CRISPR plants were delayed in germination, indicating that defective DNA repair machinery impairs early seed germination. The mutant displayed a normal phenotype during vegetative growth but had a lower seed-setting rate than wild-type plants under normal conditions. Chromosome bridges and DNA fragmentations were detected in male meiocytes at anaphase I to prophase II. After meiosis II, malformed tetrads or tetrads with micronuclei were formed. Meanwhile, the abnormality was also found in embryo sac development. Collectively, these results suggest that OsPARP1 plays an important role in mediating response to DNA damage and gametophyte development, crucial for rice yield in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agricultural Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qinjian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agricultural Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Songquan Song
- Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agricultural Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Hernandez Sanchez-Rebato M, Bouatta AM, Gallego ME, White CI, Da Ines O. RAD54 is essential for RAD51-mediated repair of meiotic DSB in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1008919. [PMID: 34003859 PMCID: PMC8162660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential component of the homologous recombination machinery in eukaryotes, the RAD54 protein is a member of the SWI2/SNF2 family of helicases with dsDNA-dependent ATPase, DNA translocase, DNA supercoiling and chromatin remodelling activities. It is a motor protein that translocates along dsDNA and performs multiple functions in homologous recombination. In particular, RAD54 is an essential cofactor for regulating RAD51 activity. It stabilizes the RAD51 nucleofilament, remodels nucleosomes, and stimulates the homology search and strand invasion activities of RAD51. Accordingly, deletion of RAD54 has dramatic consequences on DNA damage repair in mitotic cells. In contrast, its role in meiotic recombination is less clear. RAD54 is essential for meiotic recombination in Drosophila and C. elegans, but plays minor roles in yeast and mammals. We present here characterization of the roles of RAD54 in meiotic recombination in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Absence of RAD54 has no detectable effect on meiotic recombination in otherwise wild-type plants but RAD54 becomes essential for meiotic DSB repair in absence of DMC1. In Arabidopsis, dmc1 mutants have an achiasmate meiosis, in which RAD51 repairs meiotic DSBs. Lack of RAD54 leads to meiotic chromosomal fragmentation in absence of DMC1. The action of RAD54 in meiotic RAD51 activity is thus mainly downstream of the role of RAD51 in supporting the activity of DMC1. Equivalent analyses show no effect on meiosis of combining dmc1 with the mutants of the RAD51-mediators RAD51B, RAD51D and XRCC2. RAD54 is thus required for repair of meiotic DSBs by RAD51 and the absence of meiotic phenotype in rad54 plants is a consequence of RAD51 playing a RAD54-independent supporting role to DMC1 in meiotic recombination. Homologous recombination is a universal pathway which repairs broken DNA molecules through the use of homologous DNA templates. It is both essential for maintenance of genome stability and for the generation of genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. A central step of the homologous recombination process is the search for and invasion of a homologous, intact DNA sequence that will be used as template. This key step is catalysed by the RAD51 recombinase in somatic cells and RAD51 and DMC1 in meiotic cells, assisted by a number of associated factors. Among these, the chromatin-remodelling protein RAD54 is a required cofactor for RAD51 in mitotic cells. Understanding of its role during meiotic recombination however remains elusive. We show here that RAD54 is required for repair of meiotic double strand breaks by RAD51 in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and this function is downstream of the meiotic role of RAD51 in supporting the activity of DMC1. These results provide new insights into the regulation of the central step of homologous recombination in plants and very probably also other multicellular eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Hernandez Sanchez-Rebato
- Institut Génétique Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 6293 CNRS, U1103 INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alida M Bouatta
- Institut Génétique Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 6293 CNRS, U1103 INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maria E Gallego
- Institut Génétique Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 6293 CNRS, U1103 INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charles I White
- Institut Génétique Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 6293 CNRS, U1103 INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Da Ines
- Institut Génétique Reproduction et Développement (iGReD), Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 6293 CNRS, U1103 INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Comparative Cytological and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Normal Pollen Development Process and Up-Regulation of Fertility-Related Genes in Newly Developed Tetraploid Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197046. [PMID: 32987934 PMCID: PMC7582553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotetraploid rice is a useful germplasm for polyploid rice breeding; however, low seed setting is a major hindrance for its utilization. Here, we reported the development of a new tetraploid rice, Huoduo1 (H1), which has the characteristic of high fertility, from crossing generations of autotetraploid rice. Cytological observations displayed the high fertility of the pollen (95.62%) in H1, a lower percentage of pollen mother cell (PMC) abnormalities, and stable chromosome configurations during the pollen development process compared with its parents. Using RNA-seq analysis, we detected 440 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in H1 compared with its parents. Of these DEGs, 193 were annotated as pollen fertility-related genes, and 129 (~66.8%) exhibited significant up-regulation in H1 compared with the parents, including three environmentally sensitive genic male sterility genes (TMS9-1, TMS5, and CSA), one meiosis gene (RAD51D), and three tapetal-related genes (MIL2, OsAP25, and OsAP37), which were validated by qRT-PCR in this study. Two genes, TMS9-1 and TMS5, were knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and their mutants displayed low fertility and the abnormal development of pollen. Our findings provide evidence for the regulatory mechanisms of fertility in tetraploid rice and indicated that the up-regulation of pollen fertility-related genes may contribute to the high fertility in new tetraploid rice.
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Zhang F, Shen Y, Miao C, Cao Y, Shi W, Du G, Tang D, Li Y, Luo Q, Cheng Z. OsRAD51D promotes homologous pairing and recombination by preventing nonhomologous interactions in rice meiosis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:824-839. [PMID: 32275774 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Homologous recombination is carefully orchestrated to maintain genome integrity. RAD51D has been previously shown to be essential for double-strand break repair in mammalian somatic cells. However, the function of RAD51D during meiosis is largely unknown. Here, through detailed analyses of Osrad51d single and double mutants, we pinpoint the specific function of OsRAD51D in coordinating homologous pairing and recombination by preventing nonhomologous interactions during meiosis. OsRAD51D is associated with telomeres in both meiocytes and somatic cells. Loss of OsRAD51D leads to significant induction of nonhomologous pairing and chromosome entanglements, suggesting its role in suppressing nonhomologous interactions. The failed localization of OsRAD51 and OsDMC1 in Osrad51d, together with the genetic analysis of Osrad51d Osdmc1a Osdmc1b, indicates that OsRAD51D acts at a very early stage of homologous recombination. Observations from the Osrad51d pair1 and Osrad51d ku70 double mutants further demonstrate that nonhomologous interactions require double-strand break formation but do not depend on the KU70-mediated repair pathway. Moreover, the interplay between OsRAD51D and OsRAD51C indicates both conservation and divergence of their functions in meiosis. Altogether, this work reveals that OsRAD51D plays an essential role in the inhibition of nonhomologous connections, thus guaranteeing faithful pairing and recombination during meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Shen
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Chunbo Miao
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Cao
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Guijie Du
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Tang
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Li
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhukuan Cheng
- State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Liu F, Xu Y, Zhou L, Ali A, Jiang H, Zhu S, Li X. DNA Repair Gene ZmRAD51A Improves Rice and Arabidopsis Resistance to Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E807. [PMID: 30781829 PMCID: PMC6412738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD51 (DNA repair gene) family genes play ubiquitous roles in immune response among species from plants to mammals. In this study, we cloned the ZmRAD51A gene (a member of RAD51) in maize and generated ZmRAD51A overexpression (ZmRAD51A-OE) in rice, tobacco, and Arabidopsis. The expression level of ZmRAD51A was remarkably induced by salicylic acid (SA) application in maize, and the transient overexpression of ZmRAD51A in tobacco induced a hypersensitive response. The disease resistance was significantly enhanced in ZmRAD51A- OE (overexpressing) plants, triggering an increased expression of defense-related genes. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that, compared to control lines, ZmRAD51A-OE in rice plants resulted in higher SA levels, and conferred rice plants resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae. Moreover, the ZmRAD51A-OE Arabidopsis plants displayed increased resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 when compared to wild types. Together, our results provide the evidence that, for the first time, the maize DNA repair gene ZmRAD51A plays an important role in in disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yunjian Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Asif Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Suwen Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Byun MY, Cui LH, Lee H, Kim WT. Telomere association of Oryza sativa telomere repeat-binding factor like 1 and its roles in telomere maintenance and development in rice, Oryza sativa L. BMB Rep 2018. [PMID: 29936933 PMCID: PMC6283022 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes that function to protect eukaryotic chromosomes from recombination and erosion. Several telomere binding proteins (TBPs) have been characterized in higher plants, but their detailed in vivo functions at the plant level are largely unknown. In this study, we identified and characterized OsTRFL1 (Oryza sativa Telomere Repeat-binding Factor Like 1) in rice, a monocot model crop. Although OsTRFL1 did not directly bind to telomere repeats (TTTAGGG)4in vitro, it was associated with telomeric sequences in planta. OsTRFL1 interacted with rice TBPs, such as OsTRBF1 and RTBP1, in yeast and plant cells as well as in vitro. Thus, it seems likely that the association of OsTRFL1 with other TBPs enables OsTRFL1 to bind to telomeres indirectly. T-DNA inserted OsTRFL1 knock-out mutant rice plants displayed significantly longer telomeres (6–25 kb) than those (5–12 kb) in wild-type plants, indicating that OsTRFL1 is a negative factor for telomere lengthening. The reduced levels of OsTRFL1 caused serious developmental defects in both vegetative and reproductive organs of rice plants. These results suggest that OsTRFL1 is an essential factor for the proper maintenance of telomeres and normal development of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Byun
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Li Hua Cui
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyoungseok Lee
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Byun MY, Cui LH, Lee J, Park H, Lee A, Kim WT, Lee H. Identification of Rice Genes Associated With Enhanced Cold Tolerance by Comparative Transcriptome Analysis With Two Transgenic Rice Plants Overexpressing DaCBF4 or DaCBF7, Isolated From Antarctic Flowering Plant Deschampsia antarctica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:601. [PMID: 29774046 PMCID: PMC5943562 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Few plant species can survive in Antarctica, the harshest environment for living organisms. Deschampsia antarctica is the only natural grass species to have adapted to and colonized the maritime Antarctic. To investigate the molecular mechanism of the Antarctic adaptation of this plant, we identified and characterized D. antarctica C-repeat binding factor 4 (DaCBF4), which belongs to monocot CBF group IV. The transcript level of DaCBF4 in D. antarctica was markedly increased by cold and dehydration stress. To assess the roles of DaCBF4 in plants, we generated a DaCBF4-overexpressing transgenic rice plant (Ubi:DaCBF4) and analyzed its abiotic stress response phenotype. Ubi:DaCBF4 displayed enhanced tolerance to cold stress without growth retardation under any condition compared to wild-type plants. Because the cold-specific phenotype of Ubi:DaCBF4 was similar to that of Ubi:DaCBF7 (Byun et al., 2015), we screened for the genes responsible for the improved cold tolerance in rice by selecting differentially regulated genes in both transgenic rice lines. By comparative transcriptome analysis using RNA-seq, we identified 9 and 15 genes under normal and cold-stress conditions, respectively, as putative downstream targets of the two D. antarctica CBFs. Overall, our results suggest that Antarctic hairgrass DaCBF4 mediates the cold-stress response of transgenic rice plants by adjusting the expression levels of a set of stress-responsive genes in transgenic rice plants. Moreover, selected downstream target genes will be useful for genetic engineering to enhance the cold tolerance of cereal plants, including rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Byun
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Li Hua Cui
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungeun Lee
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
- Polar Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
- Polar Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Andosung Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoungseok Lee
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
- Polar Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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Byun MY, Cui LH, Oh TK, Jung YJ, Lee A, Park KY, Kang BG, Kim WT. Homologous U-box E3 Ubiquitin Ligases OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 Are Involved in the Positive Regulation of Low Temperature Stress Response in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:16. [PMID: 28163713 PMCID: PMC5247461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice U-box E3 Ub ligases (OsPUBs) are implicated in biotic stress responses. However, their cellular roles in response to abiotic stress are poorly understood. In this study, we performed functional analyses of two homologous OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 in response to cold stress (4°C). OsPUB2 was up-regulated by high salinity, drought, and cold, whereas OsPUB3 was constitutively expressed. A subcellular localization assay revealed that OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 were localized to the exocyst positive organelle (EXPO)-like punctate structures. OsPUB2 was also localized to the nuclei. OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 formed a hetero-dimeric complex as well as homo-dimers in yeast cells and in vitro. OsPUB2/OsPUB3 exhibited self-ubiquitination activities in vitro and were rapidly degraded in the cell-free extracts with apparent half-lives of 150-160 min. This rapid degradation of OsPUB2/OsPUB3 was delayed in the presence of the crude extracts of cold-treated seedlings (apparent half-lives of 200-280 min). Moreover, a hetero-dimeric form of OsPUB2/OsPUB3 was more stable than the homo-dimers. These results suggested that OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 function coordinately in response to cold stress. OsPUB2- and OsPUB3-overexpressing transgenic rice plants showed markedly better tolerance to cold stress than did the wild-type plants in terms of survival rates, chlorophyll content, ion leakage, and expression levels of cold stress-inducible marker genes. Taken together, these results suggested that the two homologous rice U-box E3 Ub ligases OsPUB2 and OsPUB3 are positive regulators of the response to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Byun
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Li Hua Cui
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Jung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andosung Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Youl Park
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bin Goo Kang
- ReSEAT Program, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Lo SF, Fan MJ, Hsing YI, Chen LJ, Chen S, Wen IC, Liu YL, Chen KT, Jiang MJ, Lin MK, Rao MY, Yu LC, Ho THD, Yu SM. Genetic resources offer efficient tools for rice functional genomics research. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:998-1013. [PMID: 26301381 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important crop and major model plant for monocot functional genomics studies. With the establishment of various genetic resources for rice genomics, the next challenge is to systematically assign functions to predicted genes in the rice genome. Compared with the robustness of genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, progress in understanding the function of rice genes has lagged, hampering the utilization of rice genes for cereal crop improvement. The use of transfer DNA (T-DNA) insertional mutagenesis offers the advantage of uniform distribution throughout the rice genome, but preferentially in gene-rich regions, resulting in direct gene knockout or activation of genes within 20-30 kb up- and downstream of the T-DNA insertion site and high gene tagging efficiency. Here, we summarize the recent progress in functional genomics using the T-DNA-tagged rice mutant population. We also discuss important features of T-DNA activation- and knockout-tagging and promoter-trapping of the rice genome in relation to mutant and candidate gene characterizations and how to more efficiently utilize rice mutant populations and datasets for high-throughput functional genomics and phenomics studies by forward and reverse genetics approaches. These studies may facilitate the translation of rice functional genomics research to improvements of rice and other cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen-Fang Lo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Jen Fan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yue-Ie Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Liang-Jwu Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu Chen
- Plant Germplasm Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ien-Chie Wen
- Plant Germplasm Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Lun Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ku-Ting Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mirng-Jier Jiang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Kuang Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Yen Rao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lin-Chih Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tuan-Hua David Ho
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Su-May Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan, ROC
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14
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Park KY, Kim EY, Seo YS, Kim WT. Constitutive expression of CaPLA1 conferred enhanced growth and grain yield in transgenic rice plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:517-32. [PMID: 26803502 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are not only important components of cell membranes, but participate in diverse processes in higher plants. In this study, we generated Capsicum annuum phospholipiase A1 (CaPLA1) overexpressing transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants under the control of the maize ubiquitin promoter. The T4 CaPLA1-overexpressing rice plants (Ubi:CaPLA1) had a higher root:shoot mass ratio than the wild-type plants in the vegetative stage. Leaf epidermal cells from transgenic plants had more cells than wild-type plants. Genes that code for cyclin and lipid metabolic enzymes were up-regulated in the transgenic lines. When grown under typical paddy field conditions, the transgenic plants produced more tillers, longer panicles and more branches per panicle than the wild-type plants, all of which resulted in greater grain yield. Microarray analysis suggests that gene expressions that are related with cell proliferation, lipid metabolism, and redox state were widely altered in CaPLA1-overexpressing transgenic rice plants. Ubi:CaPLA1 plants had a reduced membrane peroxidation state, as determined by malondialdehyde and conjugated diene levels and higher peroxidase activity than wild-type rice plants. Furthermore, three isoprenoid synthetic genes encoding terpenoid synthase, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase were up-regulated in CaPLA1-overexpressing plants. We suggest that constitutive expression of CaPLA1 conferred increased grain yield with enhanced growth in transgenic rice plants by alteration of gene activities related with cell proliferation, lipid metabolism, membrane peroxidation state and isoprenoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Youl Park
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Eun Yu Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Young Sam Seo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
- Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corp., Daejeon, 305-805, Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
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15
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Byun MY, Cui LH, Kim WT. Suppression of OsKu80 results in defects in developmental growth and increased telomere length in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:857-62. [PMID: 26590017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Ku70-Ku80 heterodimer plays a critical role in the maintenance of genomic stability in humans and yeasts. In this report, we identified and characterized OsKu80 in rice, a model monocot crop. OsKu80 forms a heterodimer with OsKu70 in yeast and plant cells, as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid, in vivo co-immunoprecipitation, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. RNAi-mediated knock-down T3 transgenic rice plants (Ubi:RNAi-OsKu80) displayed a retarded growth phenotype at the post-germination stage. In addition, the Ubi:RNAi-OsKu80 knock-down progeny exhibited noticeably increased telomere length as compared to wild-type rice. These results are discussed with the idea that OsKu80 plays a role in developmental growth and telomere length regulation in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Byun
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Li Hua Cui
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
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16
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Byun MY, Lee J, Cui LH, Kang Y, Oh TK, Park H, Lee H, Kim WT. Constitutive expression of DaCBF7, an Antarctic vascular plant Deschampsia antarctica CBF homolog, resulted in improved cold tolerance in transgenic rice plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:61-74. [PMID: 26025521 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Deschampsia antarctica is an Antarctic hairgrass that grows on the west coast of the Antarctic peninsula. In this report, we have identified and characterized a transcription factor, D. antarctica C-repeat binding factor 7 (DaCBF7), that is a member of the monocot group V CBF homologs. The protein contains a single AP2 domain, a putative nuclear localization signal, and the typical CBF signature. DaCBF7, like other monocot group V homologs, contains a distinct polypeptide stretch composed of 43 amino acids in front of the AP2 motif. DaCBF7 was predominantly localized to nuclei and interacted with the C-repeat/dehydration responsive element (CRT/DRE) core sequence (ACCGAC) in vitro. DaCBF7 was induced by abiotic stresses, including drought, cold, and salinity. To investigate its possible cellular role in cold tolerance, a transgenic rice system was employed. DaCBF7-overexpressing transgenic rice plants (Ubi:DaCBF7) exhibited markedly increased tolerance to cold stress compared to wild-type plants without growth defects; however, overexpression of DaCBF7 exerted little effect on tolerance to drought or salt stress. Transcriptome analysis of a Ubi:DaCBF7 transgenic line revealed 13 genes that were up-regulated in DaCBF7-overexpressing plants compared to wild-type plants in the absence of cold stress and in short- or long-term cold stress. Five of these genes, dehydrin, remorin, Os03g63870, Os11g34790, and Os10g22630, contained putative CRT/DRE or low-temperature responsive elements in their promoter regions. These results suggest that overexpression of DaCBF7 directly and indirectly induces diverse genes in transgenic rice plants and confers enhanced tolerance to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Byun
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Hua Cui
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjee Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungseok Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Ronceret A, Vielle-Calzada JP. Meiosis, unreduced gametes, and parthenogenesis: implications for engineering clonal seed formation in crops. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2015; 28:91-102. [PMID: 25796397 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-015-0262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Meiosis and unreduced gametes. Sexual flowering plants produce meiotically derived cells that give rise to the male and female haploid gametophytic phase. In the ovule, usually a single precursor (the megaspore mother cell) undergoes meiosis to form four haploid megaspores; however, numerous mutants result in the formation of unreduced gametes, sometimes showing female specificity, a phenomenon reminiscent of the initiation of gametophytic apomixis. Here, we review the developmental events that occur during female meiosis and megasporogenesis at the light of current possibilities to engineer unreduced gamete formation. We also provide an overview of the current understanding of mechanisms leading to parthenogenesis and discuss some of the conceptual implications for attempting the induction of clonal seed production in cultivated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Ronceret
- Group of Reproductive Development and Apomixis, UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, CP 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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18
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Charlot F, Chelysheva L, Kamisugi Y, Vrielynck N, Guyon A, Epert A, Le Guin S, Schaefer DG, Cuming AC, Grelon M, Nogué F. RAD51B plays an essential role during somatic and meiotic recombination in Physcomitrella. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:11965-78. [PMID: 25260587 PMCID: PMC4231755 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic RecA homologue Rad51 is a key factor in homologous recombination and recombinational repair. Rad51-like proteins have been identified in yeast (Rad55, Rad57 and Dmc1), plants and vertebrates (RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2, XRCC3 and DMC1). RAD51 and DMC1 are the strand-exchange proteins forming a nucleofilament for strand invasion, however, the function of the paralogues in the process of homologous recombination is less clear. In yeast the two Rad51 paralogues, Rad55 and Rad57, have been shown to be involved in somatic and meiotic HR and they are essential to the formation of the Rad51/DNA nucleofilament counterbalancing the anti-recombinase activity of the SRS2 helicase. Here, we examined the role of RAD51B in the model bryophyte Physcomitrella patens. Mutant analysis shows that RAD51B is essential for the maintenance of genome integrity, for resistance to DNA damaging agents and for gene targeting. Furthermore, we set up methods to investigate meiosis in Physcomitrella and we demonstrate that the RAD51B protein is essential for meiotic homologous recombination. Finally, we show that all these functions are independent of the SRS2 anti-recombinase protein, which is in striking contrast to what is found in budding yeast where the RAD51 paralogues are fully dependent on the SRS2 anti-recombinase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Charlot
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Liudmila Chelysheva
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Yasuko Kamisugi
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Nathalie Vrielynck
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Anouchka Guyon
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Aline Epert
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Sylvia Le Guin
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Didier G Schaefer
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Institut de Biologie, Universite de Neuchatel, rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2007 Neuchatel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew C Cuming
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mathilde Grelon
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Fabien Nogué
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR1318, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
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