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Yuan HL, Chang L, Fan WW, Liu X, Li Q, Tian C, Zhao J, Li ZA, Pan XH, Zhu XQ. Application and challenges of stem cells in cardiovascular aging. Regen Ther 2024; 25:1-9. [PMID: 38108044 PMCID: PMC10724492 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of society and the economy, population aging has become a common challenge faced by many countries in the world today. Structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system can occur with age, increasing the incidence and severity of cardiovascular diseases in older adults. Due to the limited regenerative capacity of myocardial cells, myocardial infarction and its resulting heart failure and congenital heart disease have become the number one killer of human health. At present, the treatment of cardiovascular diseases includes drug therapy and nondrug therapy. Nondrug therapy mainly includes minimally invasive interventional therapy, surgical diagnosis and treatment, and cell therapy. Long-term drug treatment may cause headache due to vasodilation, lower blood pressure, digestive system dysfunction and other side effects. Surgical treatment is traumatic, difficult to treat, and expensive. In recent years, stem cell therapy has exhibited broad application prospects in basic and clinical research on cardiovascular disease because of its plasticity, self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential. Therefore, this paper looks at stem cell therapy for diseases, reviews recent advances in the mechanism and clinical transformation of cardiovascular aging and related diseases in China, and briefly discusses the development trend and future prospects of cardiovascular aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Ling Yuan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Le Chang
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei-Wen Fan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Chuan Tian
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zi-An Li
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xing-Hua Pan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Qing Zhu
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Laboratory of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
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Todtenhaupt P, Franken LA, Groene SG, van Hoolwerff M, van der Meeren LE, van Klink JMM, Roest AAW, de Bruin C, Ramos YFM, Haak MC, Lopriore E, Heijmans BT, van Pel M. A robust and standardized method to isolate and expand mesenchymal stromal cells from human umbilical cord. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:1057-1068. [PMID: 37516948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) are increasingly used in research and therapy. To obtain hUC-MSCs, a diversity of isolation and expansion methods are applied. Here, we report on a robust and standardized method for hUC-MSC isolation and expansion. METHODS Using 90 hUC donors, we compared and optimized critical variables during each phase of the multi-step procedure involving UC collection, processing, MSC isolation, expansion and characterization. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of donor-to-donor variability regarding UC morphology and donor attributes on hUC-MSC characteristics. RESULTS We demonstrated robustness of our method across 90 UC donors at each step of the procedure. With our method, UCs can be collected up to 6 h after birth, and UC-processing can be initiated up to 48 h after collection without impacting on hUC-MSC characteristics. The removal of blood vessels before explant cultures improved hUC-MSC purity. Expansion in Minimum essential medium α supplemented with human platelet lysate increased reproducibility of the expansion rate and MSC characteristics as compared with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. The isolated hUC-MSCs showed a purity of ∼98.9%, a viability of >97% and a high proliferative capacity. Trilineage differentiation capacity of hUC-MSCs was reduced as compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs. Functional assays indicated that the hUC-MSCs were able to inhibit T-cell proliferation demonstrating their immune-modulatory capacity. CONCLUSIONS We present a robust and standardized method to isolate and expand hUC-MSCs, minimizing technical variability and thereby lay a foundation to advance reliability and comparability of results obtained from different donors and different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Todtenhaupt
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Neonatology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Franken
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie G Groene
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Neonatology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella van Hoolwerff
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte E van der Meeren
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine M M van Klink
- Neonatology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arno A W Roest
- Pediatric Cardiology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan de Bruin
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C Haak
- Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Lopriore
- Neonatology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa van Pel
- NecstGen, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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He C, Yang C, Zeng Q, Liu Z, Wang F, Chen Q, Liu T. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in the MCL medium for aplastic anemia therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:224. [PMID: 37649079 PMCID: PMC10470151 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a class of adult stem cells with self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential that may be a treatment for aplastic anemia (AA). METHOD Umbilical cord-derived MSCs were cultured in three media (Mesencult-XF, MCL, and StemPro MSC SFM CTS). HGF, PGE2, ANG-1, TGF-β1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were detected using ELISA. The AA mouse model was built via post-irradiation lymphocyte infusion. After different treatments, routine blood, VEGF, and Tregs were detected every week. On day 28, all mice were killed, and their femurs were stained with HE. RESULTS Umbilical cord-derived MSCs cultured in the three media all conformed to the general characteristics of MSCs. HGF secreted by MSCs in the Mesencult-XF, and MCL was greater than that in the StemPro MSC SFM CTS; ANG-1 and TGF-β1 in the MCL were more than that in Mesencult-XF and StemPro MSC SFM CTS; PGE2 in the MCL and StemPro MSC SFM CTS was more than that in the Mesencult-XF. MSCs in the MCL and StemPro MSC SFM CTS inhibited IFN-γ and TNF-α more than those in the Mesencult-XF. The peripheral blood cell in the AA groups was at a low level while that in the MSC group recovered rapidly. The Treg ratio and VEGF level in the MSC group were higher than those in the AA group. The bone marrow (BM) recovered significantly after MSC infusion. CONCLUSION MSCs in the MCL were advantageous in supporting hematopoiesis and modulating immunity and had the potential for effective treatment of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan He
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Li CH, Zhao J, Zhang HY, Wang B. Banking of perinatal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for stem cell-based personalized medicine over lifetime: Matters arising. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:105-119. [PMID: 37181005 PMCID: PMC10173813 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are currently applied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Numerous clinical studies have indicated that MSCs from different tissue sources can provide therapeutic benefits for patients. MSCs derived from either human adult or perinatal tissues have their own unique advantages in their medical practices. Usually, clinical studies are conducted by using of cultured MSCs after thawing or short-term cryopreserved-then-thawed MSCs prior to administration for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and medical disorders. Currently, cryogenically banking perinatal MSCs for potential personalized medicine for later use in lifetime has raised growing interest in China as well as in many other countries. Meanwhile, this has led to questions regarding the availability, stability, consistency, multipotency, and therapeutic efficiency of the potential perinatal MSC-derived therapeutic products after long-term cryostorage. This opinion review does not minimize any therapeutic benefit of perinatal MSCs in many diseases after short-term cryopreservation. This article mainly describes what is known about banking perinatal MSCs in China and, importantly, it is to recognize the limitation and uncertainty of the perinatal MSCs stored in cryobanks for stem cell medical treatments in whole life. This article also provides several recommendations for banking of perinatal MSCs for potentially future personalized medicine, albeit it is impossible to anticipate whether the donor will benefit from banked MSCs during her/his lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hai Li
- Stem Cell Program of Clinical Research Center, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China.
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Construction of a novel "self-regenerative" electrochemical biosensor based on metal-organic frameworks and its application to the detection of Mycoplasma ovine pneumonia. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 152:108409. [PMID: 36898345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to prepare a novel "self-regenerative" electrochemical biosensor by successively modifying gold nanoparticles, four-arm polyethylene glycol-NH2, and NH2-MIL-53 (Al) (MOF) on the glassy carbon electrode interface. A hairpin G-triplex-mediated DNA (G3 probe) as a part of the mycoplasma ovine pneumonia (MO) gene was loosely adsorbed to MOF. Based on the mechanism of hybridization induction, the G3 probe could effectively detach from the MOF only after introducing the target DNA. Subsequently, its guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences were exposed to solution of methylene blue. As a result, the diffusion current of the sensor system showed a sharp decline. The developed biosensor showed excellent selectivity, and the concentration of target DNA exhibited a good correlation in the range 10-10 to 10-6 M with a detection limit of 1.00 pM (S/N = 3), even in 10% goat serum. Most interestingly, this biosensor interface automatically started the regeneration program. Moreover, regeneration could be effectively achieved at least seven times, and the recovery rate of the electrode interface and sensing efficiency was up to 90%. Additionally, this platform could be used for other clinical assays in various systems by simply changing the DNA sequence of the probe.
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Evaluation of the Optimal Manufacturing Protocols and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Wharton's Jelly. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010652. [PMID: 36614096 PMCID: PMC9820979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wharton's jelly (WJ) from the umbilical cord (UC) is a good source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which can be isolated and used in therapy. Current knowledge shows that even small changes in the cell environment may result in obtaining a subpopulation of cells with different therapeutic properties. For this reason, the conditions of UC transportation, cell isolation, and cultivation and the banking of cells destined for clinical use should be unified and optimized. In this project, we tried various protocols for cell vs. bioptat isolation, banking, and transport in order to determine the most optimal. The most efficient isolation method of WJ-MSCs was chopping the whole umbilical matrix with a scalpel after vessel and lining membrane removal. The optimal solution for short term cell transportation was a multi-electrolyte fluid without glucose. Considering the use of WJ-MSCs in cell therapies, it was important to investigate the soluble secretome of both WJ bioptats and WJ-MSCs. WJ-MSCs secreted higher levels of cytokines and chemokines than WJ bioptats. WJ-MSCs secreted HGF, CCL2, ICAM-1, BDNF, and VEGF. Since these cells might be used in treating neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated the impact of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on WJ-MSCs' features. In the presence of CSF, the cells expressed consecutive neural markers both at the protein and gene level: nestin, β-III-tubulin, S-100-β, GFAP, and doublecortin. Based on the obtained results, a protocol for manufacturing an advanced-therapy medicinal product was composed.
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Muñoz-Domínguez N, Carreras-Sánchez I, López-Fernández A, Vives J. Optimisation of processing methods to improve success in the derivation of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from cryopreserved umbilical cord tissue fragments. Cryobiology 2022; 108:34-41. [PMID: 36041506 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Wharton's Jelly (WJ)-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) are currently in the spotlight for the development of innovative MSC-based therapies due to their ease of sourcing, high proliferation capacity and improved immunopotency over MSC from other tissue sources. However, the short time window for derivation from donated fresh umbilical cord (UC) tissue fragments does not allow to consider biological features of the donor beyond serological safety testing. This limits the scope of MSC banking to rapid, prospective derivation of MSC, WJ lines without considering biological and genetic characteristics of the donor that may influence their suitability for clinical use (e.g. HLA type, inherited gene variants). In the present study, we describe a simple, efficient and reproducible approach for the cryopreservation of UC tissue fragments, compatible with established workflows in existing public frameworks for cord blood and tissue collection while guaranteeing pharmaceutical grade of starting materials for further processing under GMP standards. Herein we demonstrated the feasibility of time and cost-saving methods for cryopreservation of unprocessed UC tissue fragments directly at reception of the donated tissues using 10% Me2SO-based cryosolution and a commercial clinical-grade defined cryopreservation medium (Cryostor®), showing the preservation of all Critical Quality Attributes in terms of identity, potency and kinetic parameters. In summary, our study provides evidence that cryopreservation of large unprocessed UC tissue fragments (5-13.5 cm) supports subsequent progenitor cell isolation and derivation of MSC,WJ, preserving their viability, identity, proliferation rates and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Muñoz-Domínguez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Carreras-Sánchez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba López-Fernández
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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The Role of Substrate Topography and Stiffness on MSC Cells Functions: Key Material Properties for Biomimetic Bone Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 7:biomimetics7010007. [PMID: 35076475 PMCID: PMC8788532 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis of the present research is that by altering the substrate topography and/or stiffness to make it biomimetic, we can modulate cells behavior. Substrates with similar surface chemistry and varying stiffnesses and topographies were prepared. Bulk PCL and CNTs-reinforced PCL composites were manufactured by solvent casting method and electrospinning and further processed to obtain tunable moduli of elasticity in the range of few MPa. To ensure the same chemical profile for the substrates, a protein coating was added. Substrate topography and properties were investigated. Further on, the feedback of Wharton’s Jelly Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells to substrates characteristics was investigated. Solvent casting scaffolds displayed superior mechanical properties compared to the corresponding electrospun films. However, the biomimetic fibrous texture of the electrospun substrates induced improved feedback of the cells with respect to their viability and proliferation. Cells’ adhesion and differentiation was remarkably pronounced on solvent casting substrates compared to the electrospun substrates. Soft substates improved cells multiplication and migration, while stiff substrates induced differentiation into bone cells. Aspects related to the key factors and the ideal properties of substrates and microenvironments were clarified, aiming towards the deep understanding of the required optimum biomimetic features of biomaterials.
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Metsiou DN, Kozaniti FK, Deligianni DD. Engineering Breast Cancer Cells and hUMSCs Microenvironment in 2D and 3D Scaffolds: A Mechanical Study Approach of Stem Cells in Anticancer Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110189. [PMID: 34821755 PMCID: PMC8615245 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell biomechanics plays a major role as a promising biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In the present study, alterations in modulus of elasticity, cell membrane roughness, and migratory potential of MCF-7 (ER+) and SKBR-3 (HER2+) cancer cells were elucidated prior to and post treatment with conditioned medium from human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs-CM) during static and dynamic cell culture. Moreover, the therapeutic potency of hUMSCs-CM on cancer cell’s viability, migratory potential, and F-actin quantified intensity was addressed in 2D surfaces and 3D scaffolds. Interestingly, alterations in ER+ cancer cells showed a positive effect of treatment upon limiting cell viability, motility, and potential for migration. Moreover, increased post treatment cell stiffness indicated rigid cancer cells with confined cell movement and cytoskeletal alterations with restricted lamellipodia formation, which enhanced these results. On the contrary, the cell viability and the migratory potential were not confined post treatment with hUMSCs-CM on HER2+ cells, possibly due to their intrinsic aggressiveness. The increased post treatment cell viability and the decreased cell stiffness indicated an increased potency for cell movement. Hence, the therapy had no efficacy on HER2+ cells.
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Mallis P, Sokolis DP, Katsimpoulas M, Kostakis A, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Michalopoulos E. Improved Repopulation Efficacy of Decellularized Small Diameter Vascular Grafts Utilizing the Cord Blood Platelet Lysate. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8090118. [PMID: 34562940 PMCID: PMC8467559 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of functional bioengineered small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs), represents a major challenge of tissue engineering. This study aimed to evaluate the repopulation efficacy of biological vessels, utilizing the cord blood platelet lysate (CBPL). METHODS Human umbilical arteries (hUAs, n = 10) were submitted to decellularization. Then, an evaluation of decellularized hUAs, involving histological, biochemical and biomechanical analysis, was performed. Wharton's Jelly (WJ) Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) were isolated and characterized for their properties. Then, WJ-MSCs (1.5 × 106 cells) were seeded on decellularized hUAs (n = 5) and cultivated with (Group A) or without the presence of the CBPL, (Group B) for 30 days. Histological analysis involving immunohistochemistry (against Ki67, for determination of cell proliferation) and indirect immunofluorescence (against activated MAP kinase, additional marker for cell growth and proliferation) was performed. RESULTS The decellularized hUAs retained their initial vessel's properties, in terms of key-specific proteins, the biochemical and biomechanical characteristics were preserved. The evaluation of the repopulation process indicated a more uniform distribution of WJ-MSCs in group A compared to group B. The repopulated vascular grafts of group B were characterized by greater Ki67 and MAP kinase expression compared to group A. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that the CBPL may improve the repopulation efficacy, thus bringing the biological SDVGs one step closer to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (C.S.-G.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2106597331 or +30-6971616467; Fax: +30-210-6597345
| | - Dimitrios P. Sokolis
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Center for Experimental Surgery, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Michalis Katsimpoulas
- Center of Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alkiviadis Kostakis
- Center of Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (C.S.-G.); (E.M.)
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (C.S.-G.); (E.M.)
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Zhang LS, Yu Y, Yu H, Han ZC. Therapeutic prospects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in COVID-19 associated pulmonary diseases: From bench to bedside. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1058-1071. [PMID: 34567425 PMCID: PMC8422925 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become a sudden public emergency of international concern and seriously threatens millions of people’s life health. Two current studies have indicated a favorable role for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in clinical remission of COVID-19 associated pulmonary diseases, yet the systematical elaboration of the therapeutics and underlying mechanism is far from satisfaction. In the present review, we summarize the therapeutic potential of MSCs in COVID-19 associated pulmonary diseases such as pneumonia induced acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, we review the underlying mechanism of MSCs including direct- and trans-differentiation, autocrine and paracrine anti-inflammatory effects, homing, and neovascularization, as well as constitutive microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the prospects and supervision of MSC-based cytotherapy for COVID-19 management before large-scale application in clinical practice. Collectively, this review supplies overwhelming new references for understanding the landscapes of MSCs in the remission of COVID-19 associated pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Sheng Zhang
- Qianfoshan Hospital & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology & National Clinical Research Center for Blood Disease, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Precision Medicine Division, Health-Biotech (Tianjin) Stem Cell Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301700, China
| | - Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology & National Clinical Research Center for Blood Disease, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Cell Products of National Engineering Center & National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin IMCELL Stem Cell and Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhong-Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology & National Clinical Research Center for Blood Disease, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Precision Medicine Division, Health-Biotech (Tianjin) Stem Cell Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin 301700, China
- Cell Products of National Engineering Center & National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin IMCELL Stem Cell and Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
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12
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Takayama Y, Kusamori K, Nishikawa M. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as next-generation drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1627-1642. [PMID: 34311638 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1960309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug delivery to solid tumors remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) home to tumor tissues and can be employed as tumor targeted drug/gene delivery vehicles. Reportedly, therapeutic gene- or anti-cancer drug-loaded MSCs have shown remarkable anti-tumor effects in preclinical studies, and some clinical trials for assessing therapeutic MSCs in patients with cancer have been registered. AREAS COVERED In the present review, we first discuss the source and interdonor heterogeneity of MSCs, their tumor-homing mechanism, and the route of MSC administration in MSC-based cancer therapy. We then summarize the therapeutic applications of MSCs as a drug delivery vehicle for therapeutic genes or anti-cancer drugs and the drug delivery mechanism from drug-loaded MSCs to cancer cells. EXPERT OPINION Although numerous preclinical studies have revealed significant anti-tumor effects, several clinical trials assessing MSC-based cancer gene therapy have failed to demonstrate corroborative results, documenting limited therapeutic effects. Notably, a successful clinical outcome with MSC-based cancer therapy would require the interdonor heterogeneity of administered MSCs to be resolved, along with improved tumor-homing efficiency and optimized drug delivery efficiency from MSCs to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiya Takayama
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - Kosuke Kusamori
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - Makiya Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
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13
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Xu Y, Li-Ying Chan L, Chen S, Ying B, Zhang T, Liu W, Guo H, Wang J, Xu Z, Zhang X, He X. Optimization of UC-MSCs cold-chain storage by minimizing temperature fluctuations using an automatic cryopreservation system. Cryobiology 2021; 99:131-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Kamm JL, Riley CB, Parlane N, Gee EK, McIlwraith CW. Interactions Between Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and the Recipient Immune System: A Comparative Review With Relevance to Equine Outcomes. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:617647. [PMID: 33521090 PMCID: PMC7838369 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.617647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant immunosuppressive activity, allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) carry an inherent risk of immune rejection when transferred into a recipient. In naïve recipients, this immune response is initially driven by the innate immune system, an immediate reaction to the foreign cells, and later, the adaptive immune system, a delayed response that causes cell death due to recognition of specific alloantigens by host cells and antibodies. This review describes the actions of MSCs to both suppress and activate the different arms of the immune system. We then review the survival and effectiveness of the currently used allogeneic MSC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lacy Kamm
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Christopher B Riley
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Natalie Parlane
- Hopkirk Laboratory, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Erica K Gee
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - C Wayne McIlwraith
- Orthopaedic Research Center, C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medical Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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15
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Lech W, Sarnowska A, Kuczynska Z, Dabrowski F, Figiel-Dabrowska A, Domanska-Janik K, Buzanska L, Zychowicz M. Biomimetic microenvironmental preconditioning enhance neuroprotective properties of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's Jelly (WJ-MSCs). Sci Rep 2020; 10:16946. [PMID: 33037314 PMCID: PMC7547118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuning stem cells microenvironment in vitro may influence their regenerative properties. In this study Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were encapsulated in 3D hydrogels derived from human fibrin (FB) or platelet lysate (PL) and the oxygen level was adjusted to physiological normoxia (5% O2). The influence of the type of the scaffold and physiological normoxia conditions was tested on the WJ-MSCs' survivability, proliferation, migratory potential, the level of expression of selected trophic factors, cytokines, and neural markers. Encapsulated WJ-MSCs revealed high survivability, stable proliferation rate, and ability to migrate out of the hydrogel and the up-regulated expression of all tested factors, as well as the increased expression of neural differentiation markers. Physiological normoxia stimulated proliferation of encapsulated WJ-MSCs and significantly enhanced their neuronal, but not glial, differentiation. Ex vivo studies with indirect co-culture of organotypic hippocampal slices and cell-hydrogel bio-constructs revealed strong neuroprotective effect of WJ-MSCs against neuronal death in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. This effect was potentiated further by FB scaffolds under 5% O2 conditions. Our results indicating significant effect of oxygen and 3D cytoarchitecture suggest the urgent need for further optimization of the microenvironmental conditions to improve therapeutical competence of the WJ-MSCs population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Lech
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.,Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Kuczynska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Dabrowski
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Square 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Figiel-Dabrowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leonora Buzanska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Zychowicz
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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16
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Lu KY, Primus Dass KT, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Liu SP. The application of stem cell therapy and brown adipose tissue transplantation in metabolic disorders. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:521-528. [PMID: 32690364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of brown fat in adult humans has led to increased research of the thermogenic function of this tissue in various metabolic diseases. In addition, high levels of brown fat have been correlated with lower body mass index values. Therefore, increasing brown fat mass and/or activity through methods such as the browning of white fat is considered a promising strategy to prevent and treat obesity-associated diseases. Cell-based approaches using mesenchymal stromal cells and brown adipose tissue (BAT) have been utilized to directly increase BAT mass/activity through cell and tissue implantation into animals. In addition, recent studies evaluating the transplantation of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have shown promising results in terms of positive metabolic function. In this comprehensive review, we provide a summary of the research over the past 10 years with regard to stem cell therapy and brown fat tissue transplantation for the effective treatment of metabolic syndrome. Recent advancements in stem cell methods have allowed for the production of brown adipocytes from human iPS cells, which represent an unlimited source of cellular material with which to study adipocyte development. In addition, this process is expected to be used to further explore drug- and cell-based therapies to treat obesity-related metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Yun Lu
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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17
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Sahai S, Wilkerson M, Xue H, Moreno N, Carrillo L, Flores R, Greives MR, Olson SD, Cox CS, Triolo F. Wharton's Jelly for Augmented Cleft Palate Repair in a Rat Critical-Size Alveolar Bone Defect Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:591-601. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suchit Sahai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Marysuna Wilkerson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Hasen Xue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicolas Moreno
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Louis Carrillo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Rene Flores
- Academic and Research Affairs, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew R. Greives
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott D. Olson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles S. Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Fabio Triolo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth—The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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18
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Mallis P, Alevrogianni V, Sarri P, Velentzas AD, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Michalopoulos E. Effect of Cord Blood Platelet Gel on wound healing capacity of human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 59:102734. [PMID: 32005441 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is a dynamic process, involving the recruitment of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and cellular populations. Recently, the Cord Blood Platelet Gel (CBPG) has been applied successfully in wound closure and tissue regeneration. Moreover, its proper combination with stem cell populations such as Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) may positively improve the wound healing process. Based on the above data, this study aimed to the evaluation of wound healing capacity of MSCs combined with CBPG under in vitro conditions. METHODS Initially, CBPG was developed from Cord Blood Units (CBUs). The determination of wound healing ability of MSCs was performed using the scratch wound assay. In addition, the morphological features, immunophenotypical characteristics and differentiation capacity of MSCs were evaluated. RESULTS Scratch wound assay results showed, that CBPG could positively stimulate the MSCs migration. Moreover, MSCs cultured in presence of CBPG were characterized by elongated shape and improved stemness properties as it was indicated by flow cytometric analysis and differentiation process. CONCLUSION These results clearly showed the beneficial effect of CBPG in combination with MSCs in wound healing. The proper combination of CBPG with stem cells strategy may enhance the healing process in patients with skin erosions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece.
| | - Vivian Alevrogianni
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Phaedra Sarri
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios D Velentzas
- Department of Biology, Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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19
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Wright A, Snyder L, Knights K, He H, Springer NL, Lillich J, Weiss ML. A Protocol for the Isolation, Culture, and Cryopreservation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Canine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Role of Cell Attachment in Long-Term Maintenance. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:695-713. [PMID: 32148170 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to create a variable localized anti-inflammatory effect in injuries such as Crohn's disease and osteoarthritis or by incorporation in tissue engineered constructs. Currently, the MSC literature uses rodents for preclinical disease models. There is growing interest in using naturally occurring disease in large animals for modeling human disease. By review of the canine MSCs literature, it appears that canine MSCs can be difficult to maintain in culture for extended passages and this greatly varies between tissue sources, compared with human and rodent MSCs, and limited lifespan is an obstacle for preclinical investigation and therapeutic use. Research using canine MSCs has been focused on cells derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue, and the differences in manufacturing MSCs between laboratories are problematic due to lack of standardization. To address these issues, here, a stepwise process was used to optimize canine MSCs isolation, expansion, and cryopreservation utilizing canine umbilical cord-derived MSCs. The culture protocol utilizes coating of tissue culture surfaces that increases cellular adherence, increases colony-forming units-fibroblast efficiency, and decreases population doubling times. Canine MSCs isolated with our protocol could be maintained longer than published canine MSCs methods before senescing. Our improved cryopreservation protocols produce on average >90% viable MSCs at thaw. These methods enable master-bank and working-bank scenarios for allogeneic MSC testing in naturally occurring disease in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Wright
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Larry Snyder
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Kaori Knights
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Hong He
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Nora L Springer
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - James Lillich
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Mark L Weiss
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.,The Midwest Institute of Comparative Stem Cell Biology, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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20
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Bone Defect Repair Using a Bone Substitute Supported by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from the Umbilical Cord. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:1321283. [PMID: 32300364 PMCID: PMC7142388 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1321283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Bone defects or atrophy may arise as a consequence of injury, inflammation of various etiologies, and neoplastic or traumatic processes or as a result of surgical procedures. Sometimes the regeneration process of bone loss is impaired, significantly slowed down, or does not occur, e.g., in congenital defects. For the bone defect reconstruction, a piece of the removed bone from ala of ilium or bone transplantation from a decedent is used. Replacement of the autologous or allogenic source of the bone-by-bone substitute could reduce the number of surgeries and time in the pharmacological coma during the reconstruction of the bone defect. Application of mesenchymal stem cells in the reconstruction surgery may have positive influence on tissue regeneration by secretion of angiogenic factors, recruitment of other MSCs, or differentiation into osteoblasts. Materials and Methods. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the umbilical cord (Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSC)) were cultured in GMP-grade DMEM low glucose supplemented with heparin, 10% platelet lysate, glucose, and antibiotics. In vitro WJ-MSCs were seeded on the bone substitute Bio-Oss Collagen® and cultured in the StemPro® Osteogenesis Differentiation Kit. During the culture on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st day (day in vitro (DIV)), we analyzed viability (confocal microscopy) and adhesion capability (electron microscopy) of WJ-MSC on Bio-Oss scaffolds, gene expression (qPCR), and secretion of proteins (Luminex). In vivo Bio-Oss® scaffolds with WJ-MSC were transplanted to trepanation holes in the cranium to obtain their overgrowth. The computed tomography was performed 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery to assess the regeneration. Results The Bio-Oss® scaffold provides a favourable environment for WJ-MSC survival. WJ-MSCs in osteodifferentiation medium are able to attach and proliferate on Bio-Oss® scaffolds. Results obtained from qPCR and Luminex® indicate that WJ-MSCs possess the ability to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells and may induce osteoclastogenesis, angiogenesis, and mobilization of host MSCs. In animal studies, WJ-MSCs seeded on Bio-Oss® increased the scaffold integration with host bone and changed their morphology to osteoblast-like cells. Conclusions The presented construct consisted of Bio-Oss®, the scaffold with high flexibility and plasticity, approved for clinical use with seeded immunologically privileged WJ-MSC which may be considered reconstructive therapy in bone defects.
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21
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Garzon I, Chato-Astrain J, Campos F, Fernandez-Valades R, Sanchez-Montesinos I, Campos A, Alaminos M, D'Souza RN, Martin-Piedra MA. Expanded Differentiation Capability of Human Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells Toward Pluripotency: A Systematic Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:301-312. [PMID: 32085697 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly stem cells (HWJSC) can be efficiently isolated from the umbilical cord, and numerous reports have demonstrated that these cells can differentiate into several cell lineages. This fact, coupled with the high proliferation potential of HWJSC, makes them a promising source of stem cells for use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, their real potentiality has not been established to date. In the present study, we carried out a systematic review to determine the multilineage differentiation potential of HWJSC. After a systematic literature search, we selected 32 publications focused on the differentiation potential of these cells. Analysis of these studies showed that HWJSC display expanded differentiation potential toward some cell types corresponding to all three embryonic cell layers (ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal), which is consistent with their constitutive expression of key pluripotency markers such as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG, and the embryonic marker SSEA4. We conclude that HWJSC can be considered cells in an intermediate state between multipotentiality and pluripotentiality, since their proliferation capability is not unlimited and differentiation to all cell types has not been demonstrated thus far. These findings support the clinical use of HWJSC for the treatment of diseases affecting not only mesoderm-type tissues but also other cell lineages. Impact statement Human Wharton's jelly stem cells (HWJSC) are mesenchymal stem cells that are easy to isolate and handle, and that readily proliferate. Their wide range of differentiation capabilities supports the view that these cells can be considered pluripotent. Accordingly, HWJSC are one of the most promising cell sources for clinical applications in advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Garzon
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Chato-Astrain
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernandez-Valades
- ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain.,Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Granada Hospital Complex, Granada, Spain
| | - Indalecio Sanchez-Montesinos
- ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain.,Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Campos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Miguel A Martin-Piedra
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,ibs.GRANADA, Biohealth Institute, Granada, Spain
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22
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Protogerou V, Beshari SE, Michalopoulos E, Mallis P, Chrysikos D, Samolis AA, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Troupis T. The Combined Use of Stem Cells and Platelet Lysate Plasma for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction: A Pilot Study-6 Months Results. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:medicines7030014. [PMID: 32197323 PMCID: PMC7151592 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: The current treatment of Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is mainly based on the use of drugs that provide erections shortly after use but they do not really treat the problem. Stem cell therapy is a novel treatment with regenerative properties that can possibly treat erectile dysfunction. Methods: Five patients with erectile disease were treated with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) and Platelet Lysate Plasma (PLP). ADSCs were obtained through abdominal liposuction and PLP was prepared after obtaining blood samples from peripheral veins. Erectile function was evaluated with the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF-5) questionnaire, penile triplex at the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month post-treatment. A CT scan of the head, thorax and abdomen was done before treatment and at the 12th month. Results: IIEF-5 scores were improved in all patients at the 6th month although not in the same pattern in all patients. Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) also improved at the 6th month in all patients but also with different patterns in each patient, while End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) was more variable. Two patients decreased the treatment they used in order to obtain erection (from Intracavernosal injections (ICI) they used PDE-5Is), two had unassisted erections and one had an initial improvement which decreased at the 6th month. There were no side effects noted. Conclusions: Stem cell therapy in combination with PLP appears to show some improvement in erectile function and has minimal side effects in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Protogerou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 21 st, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.C.); (A.A.S.); (T.T.)
- 2nd Urological Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara El Beshari
- Health Plus Genomics Laboratory, Part of Health Plus Network of Specialty Centers, 11th St, Hazaa bin Zayed St, Al Karama Area - Abu Dhabi, UAE;
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (P.M.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (P.M.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Dimosthenis Chrysikos
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 21 st, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.C.); (A.A.S.); (T.T.)
| | - Alexandros A. Samolis
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 21 st, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.C.); (A.A.S.); (T.T.)
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (P.M.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Theodoros Troupis
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, M. Asias 21 st, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.C.); (A.A.S.); (T.T.)
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Kamal MM, Kassem DH. Therapeutic Potential of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Diabetes: Achievements and Challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:16. [PMID: 32064260 PMCID: PMC7000356 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an alarming metabolic disease in which insulin secreting β-cells are damaged to various extent. Unfortunately, although currently available treatments help to manage the disease, however, patients usually develop complications, as well as decreased life quality and increased mortality. Thus, efficient therapeutic interventions to treat diabetes are urgently warranted. During the past years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have made their mark as a potential weapon in various regenerative medicine applications. The main fascination about MSCs lies in their potential to exert reparative effects on an amazingly wide spectrum of tissue injury. This is further reinforced by their ease of isolation and large ex vivo expansion capacity, as well as demonstrated multipotency and immunomodulatory activities. Among all the sources of MSCs, those isolated from umbilical cord-Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSCs), have been proved to provide a great source of MSCs. WJ-MSCs do not impose any ethical concerns as those which exist regarding ESCs, and represent a readily available non-invasive source, and hence suggested to become the new gold standard for MSC-based therapies. In the current review, we shall overview achievements, as well as challenges/hurdles which are standing in the way to utilize WJ-MSCs as a novel efficient therapeutic modality for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Kamal
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- The Center for Drug Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina H. Kassem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Wang AYL, Loh CYY, Shen HH, Hsieh SY, Wang IK, Chuang SH, Wei FC. Topical Application of Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Accelerates Mouse Sciatic Nerve Recovery and is Associated with Upregulated Neurotrophic Factor Expression. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1560-1572. [PMID: 31565957 PMCID: PMC6923547 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719880543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury is often slow and impaired, which results in weakened and denervated muscle with subsequent atrophy. Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSC) have potential regenerative properties which, however, remain unknown in mouse nerve recovery. This study investigated the effect of the topical application of hWJ-MSC onto repairing transected sciatic nerves in a mouse model. Human adipocyte-derived stem cells (hADSC) were used as a positive control. The sciatic nerve of BALB/c mice was transected at a fixed point and repaired under the microscope using 10-0 sutures. hWJ-MSC and hADSC were applied to the site of repair and mice were followed up for 1 year. The hWJ-MSC group had significantly better functional recovery of five-toe spread and gait angles compared with the negative control and hADSC groups. hWJ-MSC improved sciatic nerve regeneration in a dose-dependent fashion. The hWJ-MSC group had a better quality of regenerated nerve with an increased number of myelinated axons throughout. hWJ-MSC appear to be safe in mice after 1 year of follow-up. hWJ-MSC also expressed higher levels of neurotrophic factor-3, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial-derived neurotrophic factor than hADSC. hWJ-MSC may promote better nerve recovery than hADSC because of this upregulation of neurotrophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Yen Ling Wang
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsin-Hsin Shen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sing-Ying Hsieh
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Kae Wang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Chuang
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chan Wei
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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25
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Mallis P, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Michalopoulos E. Introduction to the Special Issue on Stem Cell and Biologic Scaffold Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6030072. [PMID: 31438485 PMCID: PMC6784072 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is a rapidly evolving research field that effectively combines stem cells and biologic scaffolds in order to replace damaged tissues. Biologic scaffolds can be produced through the removal of resident cellular populations using several tissue engineering approaches, such as the decellularization method. In addition, tissue engineering requires the interaction of biologic scaffolds with cellular populations. Stem cells are characterized by unlimited cell division, self-renewal, and differentiation potential, distinguishing themselves as a frontline source for the repopulation of decellularized matrices and scaffolds. However, parameters such as stem cell number, in vitro cultivation conditions, and specific growth media composition need further evaluation. The ultimate goal is the development of "artificial" tissues similar to native ones, which is achieved by properly combining stem cells and biologic scaffolds, thus bringing artificial tissues one step closer to personalized medicine. In this special issue of Bioengineering, we highlight the beneficial effects of stem cells and scaffolds in the emerging field of tissue engineering. The current issue includes articles regarding the use of stem cells in tissue engineering approaches and the proper production of biologically based scaffolds like nerve conduit, esophageal scaffold, and fibrin gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, Athens 115 27, Greece.
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, Athens 115 27, Greece
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Mastrolia I, Foppiani EM, Murgia A, Candini O, Samarelli AV, Grisendi G, Veronesi E, Horwitz EM, Dominici M. Challenges in Clinical Development of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: Concise Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1135-1148. [PMID: 31313507 PMCID: PMC6811694 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identified 50 years ago, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) immediately generated a substantial interest among the scientific community because of their differentiation plasticity and hematopoietic supportive function. Early investigations provided evidence of a relatively low engraftment rate and a transient benefit for challenging congenital and acquired diseases. The reasons for these poor therapeutic benefits forced the entire field to reconsider MSC mechanisms of action together with their ex vivo manipulation procedures. This phase resulted in advances in MSCs processing and the hypothesis that MSC‐tissue supportive functions may be prevailing their differentiation plasticity, broadening the spectrum of MSCs therapeutic potential far beyond their lineage‐restricted commitments. Consequently, an increasing number of studies have been conducted for a variety of clinical indications, revealing additional challenges and suggesting that MSCs are still lagging behind for a solid clinical translation. For this reason, our aim was to dissect the current challenges in the development of still promising cell types that, after more than half a century, still need to reach their maturity. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:1135–1148
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Mastrolia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Manuela Foppiani
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alba Murgia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Veronesi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Technopole of Mirandola TPM, Mirandola, Modena, Italy
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand srl, Medolla, Modena, Italy.,Technopole of Mirandola TPM, Mirandola, Modena, Italy
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Surico D, Bordino V, Cantaluppi V, Mary D, Gentilli S, Oldani A, Farruggio S, Melluzza C, Raina G, Grossini E. Preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction: Role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-trophoblast cross-talk. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218437. [PMID: 31206561 PMCID: PMC6576763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and maintenance of pregnancy-related disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE). Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) have been suggested as a possible therapeutic tool for the treatment of pregnancy-related disorders in view of their paracrine actions on trophoblast cells. Objectives To quantify the plasma markers of peroxidation in patients affected by PE and IUGR and to examine the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of PE and IUGR in vitro by using hUMSCs from physiological and pathological pregnancies and a trophoblast cell line (HTR-8/SVneo). Study design In pathological and physiological pregnancies the plasma markers of oxidative stress, arterial blood pressure, serum uric acid, 24h proteinuria, weight gain and body mass index (BMI) were examined. Furthermore, the pulsatility index (PI) of uterine and umbilical arteries, and of fetal middle cerebral artery was measured. In vitro, the different responses of hUMSCs, taken from physiological and pathological pregnancies, and of HTR-8/SVneo to pregnancy-related hormones in terms of viability and nitric oxide (NO) release were investigated. In some experiments, the above measurements were performed on co-cultures between HTR-8/SVneo and hUMSCs. Results The results obtained have shown that in pathological pregnancies, body mass index, serum acid uric, pulsatility index in uterine and umbilical arteries and markers of oxidative stress were higher than those found in physiological ones. Moreover, in PE and IUGR, a relation was observed between laboratory and clinical findings and the increased levels of oxidative stress. HTR-8/SVneo and hUMSCs showed reduced viability and increased NO production when stressed with H2O2. Finally, HTR-8/SVneo cultured in cross-talk with hUMSCs from pathological pregnancies showed a deterioration of cell viability and NO release when treated with pregnancy-related hormones. Conclusion Our findings support that hUMSCs taken from patients affected by PE and IUGR have significant features in comparison with those from physiologic pregnancies. Moreover, the cross-talk between hUMSCs and trophoblast cells might be involved in the etiopathology of IUGR and PE secondary to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Surico
- Department of Translational Medicine, Gynecologic Unit, University East Piedmont, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, AGING PROJECT, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Valerio Bordino
- Department of Translational Medicine, Gynecologic Unit, University East Piedmont, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Department of Translational Medicine, AGING PROJECT, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Nephrology-Kidney Transplantation Unit and Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University East Piedmont, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Sergio Gentilli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Oldani
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Department of Translational Medicine, AGING PROJECT, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Carmela Melluzza
- Department of Translational Medicine, Gynecologic Unit, University East Piedmont, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Department of Translational Medicine, AGING PROJECT, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Department of Translational Medicine, AGING PROJECT, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology/Experimental Surgery, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Mazini L, Rochette L, Amine M, Malka G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102523. [PMID: 31121953 PMCID: PMC6566837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is now on the top one of stem cell sources regarding its accessibility, abundance, and less painful collection procedure when compared to other sources. The adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) that it contains can be maintained and expanded in culture for long periods of time without losing their differentiation capacity, leading to large cell quantities being increasingly used in cell therapy purposes. Many reports showed that ADSCs-based cell therapy products demonstrated optimal efficacy and efficiency in some clinical indications for both autologous and allogeneic purposes, hence becoming considered as potential tools for replacing, repairing, and regenerating dead or damaged cells. In this review, we analyzed the therapeutic advancement of ADSCs in comparison to bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord (UC)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and designed the specific requirements to their best clinical practices and safety. Our analysis was focused on the ADSCs, rather than the whole stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell populations, to facilitate characterization that is related to their source of origins. Clinical outcomes improvement suggested that these cells hold great promise in stem cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and auto-immunes diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Mazini
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Luc Rochette
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Faculté des Sciences de Santé, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Mohamed Amine
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Département de Santé Publique et de Médecine Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
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29
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Mazini L, Rochette L, Amine M, Malka G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2019. [PMID: 31121953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102523.pmid:31121953;pmcid:pmc6566837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is now on the top one of stem cell sources regarding its accessibility, abundance, and less painful collection procedure when compared to other sources. The adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) that it contains can be maintained and expanded in culture for long periods of time without losing their differentiation capacity, leading to large cell quantities being increasingly used in cell therapy purposes. Many reports showed that ADSCs-based cell therapy products demonstrated optimal efficacy and efficiency in some clinical indications for both autologous and allogeneic purposes, hence becoming considered as potential tools for replacing, repairing, and regenerating dead or damaged cells. In this review, we analyzed the therapeutic advancement of ADSCs in comparison to bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord (UC)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and designed the specific requirements to their best clinical practices and safety. Our analysis was focused on the ADSCs, rather than the whole stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell populations, to facilitate characterization that is related to their source of origins. Clinical outcomes improvement suggested that these cells hold great promise in stem cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and auto-immunes diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Mazini
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Luc Rochette
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Faculté des Sciences de Santé, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Mohamed Amine
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Département de Santé Publique et de Médecine Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
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Experimental Strategies of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Propagation: Adverse Events and Potential Risk of Functional Changes. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7012692. [PMID: 30956673 PMCID: PMC6431404 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7012692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for cell-based tissue repair approaches. Hundreds of clinical trials using MSCs have been completed and many others are still being investigated. For most therapeutic applications, MSC propagation in vitro is often required. However, ex vivo culture condition is not fully physiological and may affect biological properties of MSCs including their regenerative potential. Moreover, both cell cryopreservation and labelling procedure prior to infusion may have the negative impact on their expected effect in vivo. The incidence of MSC transformation during in vitro culture should be also taken into consideration before using cells in stem cell therapy. In our review, we focused on different aspects of MSC propagation that might influence their regenerative properties of MSC. We also discussed the influence of different factors that might abolish MSC proliferation and differentiation as well as potential impact of stem cell senescence and aging. Despite of many positive therapeutic effects of MSC therapy, one has to be conscious about potential cell changes that could appear during manufacturing of MSCs.
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Protogerou V, Michalopoulos E, Mallis P, Gontika I, Dimou Z, Liakouras C, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Kostakopoulos N, Chrisofos M, Deliveliotis C. Administration of Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet Lysate in Erectile Dysfunction: A Single Center Pilot Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6010021. [PMID: 30841525 PMCID: PMC6466012 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects more than 30 million men; endothelial dysfunction plays a significant role in EDs pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to administer mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from adipose tissue and platelet lysate (PL) into patients with erectile dysfunction. This pilot study enrolled eight patients with diagnosed ED. Patients enrolled were suffering from organic ED due to diabetes melitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and Peyronie disease. The patients were distributed in 2 groups. Patients in group A received adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) resuspended in PL while patients in group B received only PL. ADMSCs were isolated from patients' adipose tissue and expanded. In addition, blood sampling was obtained from the patients in order to isolate platelet lysate. After the application of the above treatments, patients were evaluated with an International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire, penile triplex, and reported morning erections. After MSCs and PL administration, patients presented improved erectile function after 1 and 3 months of follow-up. A statistically significant difference was observed in the IIEF-5 score before and after administration of both treatments after the first month (p < 0.05) and the third month (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the IIEF-5 score between group A and B patients. All patients were characterized by improved penile triplex and increased morning erections. No severe adverse reactions were observed in any patient except a minor pain at the site of injection, which was in the limits of tolerability. The results of this study indicated the satisfactory use of MSCs and PL in ED. MSCs in combination with PL or PL alone seems to be very promising, especially without having the negative effects of the current therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Protogerou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
- 2nd Urological Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Ioanna Gontika
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Zetta Dimou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Christos Liakouras
- 2nd Urological Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Kostakopoulos
- 2nd Urological Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Michael Chrisofos
- 2nd Urological Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
| | - Charalampos Deliveliotis
- 2nd Urological Department, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University, 12462 Athens, Greece.
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de Almeida Fuzeta M, de Matos Branco AD, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, da Silva CL, Cabral JMS. Addressing the Manufacturing Challenges of Cell-Based Therapies. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 171:225-278. [PMID: 31844924 DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exciting developments in the cell therapy field over the last decades have led to an increasing number of clinical trials and the first cell products receiving marketing authorization. In spite of substantial progress in the field, manufacturing of cell-based therapies presents multiple challenges that need to be addressed in order to assure the development of safe, efficacious, and cost-effective cell therapies.The manufacturing process of cell-based therapies generally requires tissue collection, cell isolation, culture and expansion (upstream processing), cell harvest, separation and purification (downstream processing), and, finally, product formulation and storage. Each one of these stages presents significant challenges that have been the focus of study over the years, leading to innovative and groundbreaking technological advances, as discussed throughout this chapter.Delivery of cell-based therapies relies on defining product targets while controlling process variable impact on cellular features. Moreover, commercial viability is a critical issue that has had damaging consequences for some therapies. Implementation of cost-effectiveness measures facilitates healthy process development, potentially being able to influence end product pricing.Although cell-based therapies represent a new level in bioprocessing complexity in every manufacturing stage, they also show unprecedented levels of therapeutic potential, already radically changing the landscape of medical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel de Almeida Fuzeta
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André Dargen de Matos Branco
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Lobato da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Mallis P, Boulari D, Michalopoulos E, Dinou A, Spyropoulou-Vlachou M, Stavropoulos-Giokas C. Evaluation of HLA-G Expression in Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Vitrified Wharton's Jelly Tissue. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:bioengineering5040095. [PMID: 30388848 PMCID: PMC6316308 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) from Wharton's Jelly (WJ) tissue express HLA-G, a molecule which exerts several immunological properties. This study aimed at the evaluation of HLA-G expression in MSCs derived from vitrified WJ tissue. METHODS WJ tissue samples were isolated from human umbilical cords, vitrified with the use of VS55 solution and stored for 1 year at -196 °C. After 1 year of storage, the WJ tissue was thawed and MSCs were isolated. Then, MSCs were expanded until reaching passage 8, followed by estimation of cell number, cell doubling time (CDT), population doubling (PD) and cell viability. In addition, multilineage differentiation, Colony-Forming Units (CFUs) assay and immunophenotypic analyses were performed. HLA-G expression in MSCs derived from vitrified samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR/PCR, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and immunofluorescence. MSCs derived from non-vitrified WJ tissue were used in order to validate the results obtained from the above methods. RESULTS MSCs were successfully obtained from vitrified WJ tissues retaining their morphological and multilineage differentiation properties. Furthermore, MSCs from vitrified WJ tissues successfully expressed HLA-G. CONCLUSION The above results indicated the successful expression of HLA-G by MSCs from vitrified WJ tissues, thus making them ideal candidates for immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitra Boulari
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Amalia Dinou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Maria Spyropoulou-Vlachou
- Immunology Department-Tissue Typing Lab, "Alexandra" General Hospital of Athens, Lourou Street, 11528 Athens, Greece.
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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Kusuma GD, Barabadi M, Tan JL, Morton DAV, Frith JE, Lim R. To Protect and to Preserve: Novel Preservation Strategies for Extracellular Vesicles. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1199. [PMID: 30420804 PMCID: PMC6215815 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-based therapeutics are based on the premise that EVs shed by stem cells exert similar therapeutic effects and these have been proposed as an alternative to cell therapies. EV-mediated delivery is an effective and efficient system of cell-to-cell communication which can confer therapeutic benefits to their target cells. EVs have been shown to promote tissue repair and regeneration in various animal models such as, wound healing, cardiac ischemia, diabetes, lung fibrosis, kidney injury, and many others. Given the unique attributes of EVs, considerable thought must be given to the preservation, formulation and cold chain strategies in order to effectively translate exciting preclinical observations to clinical and commercial success. This review summarizes current understanding around EV preservation, challenges in maintaining EV quality, and also bioengineering advances aimed at enhancing the long-term stability of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina D. Kusuma
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mehri Barabadi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jean L. Tan
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Jessica E. Frith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
In this review we present current evidence on the possibility of umbilical cord tissue cryopreservation for subsequent clinical use. Protocols for obtaining umbilical cord-derived vessels, Wharton’s jelly-based grafts, multipotent stromal cells, and other biomedical products from cryopreserved umbilical cords are highlighted, and their prospective clinical applications are discussed. Examination of recent literature indicates we should expect high demand for cryopreservation of umbilical cord tissues in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Arutyunyan
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia. .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Stem Cell and Obesity: Current State and Future Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1089:1-22. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Pham H, Tonai R, Wu M, Birtolo C, Chen M. CD73, CD90, CD105 and Cadherin-11 RT-PCR Screening for Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Cryopreserved Human Cord Tissue. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11:26-38. [PMID: 29843192 PMCID: PMC5984056 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, non-specialized cells used clinically in tissue regeneration and sourced from bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord tissue (UCT). To demonstrate an alternative method for MSC detection, cryopreserved UCT and expanded MSC were screened for MSC markers CD73, CD90, CD105 and CDH-11 by RT-PCR. Methods and Results Human UCT were washed, sectioned, cryopreserved with 10% DMSO and stored in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen. Fresh and frozen UCT samples were expanded for MSC. UCT and MSC were processed for RNA and screened for CD73, CD90, CD105 and CDH-11 mRNA by RT-PCR. CD73, CD90 and CD105 were detected by flow cytometry and CDH-11 was detected by Western blotting. Short and long-term frozen UCT shows a loss of mRNA expression for CD73 at 33.2±34.0%, CD90 at 6.2±8.2%, CD105 at 17.7±21.6% and CDH-11 at 30.1±26.7% but was not statistically significant to indicate the deterioration. Expanded MSCs from fresh UCT expressed 0.09±0.07-fold CD73, 0.17±0.11-fold CD90, 0.04±0.06-fold CD105 and 0.14±0.08-fold CDH-11. Expanded MSCs from frozen UCTs expressed 0.09±0.06-fold CD73, 0.13±0.06-fold CD90, 0.04±0.05-fold CD105 and 0.11±0.06-fold CDH-11 and confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blotting. Conclusion CD73, CD90, CD105 and CDH-11 were detected by RT-PCR in cryopreserved UCT and MSC expansion. CDH-11 appears as a useful single target MSC marker for quick screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Pham
- Processing Laboratory, StemCyte International Cord Blood Therapeutic Company, Baldwin Park, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Medicine, Veterans Affair, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Richard Tonai
- Processing Laboratory, StemCyte International Cord Blood Therapeutic Company, Baldwin Park, CA
| | - Miya Wu
- Tissue Laboratory, StemCyte, New Taipei City Linkou District, Taiwan
| | - Chiara Birtolo
- University of Bologna, Sant' Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Chen
- Processing Laboratory, StemCyte International Cord Blood Therapeutic Company, Baldwin Park, CA
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Christou I, Mallis P, Michalopoulos E, Chatzistamatiou T, Mermelekas G, Zoidakis J, Vlahou A, Stavropoulos-Giokas C. Evaluation of Peripheral Blood and Cord Blood Platelet Lysates in Isolation and Expansion of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:bioengineering5010019. [PMID: 29495420 PMCID: PMC5874885 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Background: Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The in vitro isolation and expansion of MSCs involve the use of foetal bovine serum (FBS). However, many concerns have been raised regarding the safety of this product. In this study, alternative additives derived either from peripheral or cord blood were tested as an FBS replacement. Methods: Platelet lysates (PL) from peripheral and cord blood were used for the expansion of MSCs. The levels of growth factors in peripheral blood (PB) and cord blood (CB) PLs were determined using the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM). Finally, the cell doubling time (CDT), tri-lineage differentiation and phenotypic characterization of the MSCs expanded with FBS and PLs were determined. Results: MSCs treated with culture media containing FBS and PB-PL, were successfully isolated and expanded, whereas MSCs treated with CB-PL could not be maintained in culture. Furthermore, the MRM analysis yielded differences in growth factor levels between PB-PL and CB-PL. In addition, the MSCs were successfully expanded with FBS and PB-PL and exhibited tri-lineage differentiation and stable phenotypic characteristics. Conclusion: PB-PL could be used as an alternative additive for the production of MSCs culture medium applied to xenogeneic-free expansion and maintenance of MSCs in large scale clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Christou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Theofanis Chatzistamatiou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - George Mermelekas
- Biotechnology division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biotechnology division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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Skiles ML, Brown KS, Tatz W, Swingle K, Brown HL. Quantitative analysis of composite umbilical cord tissue health using a standardized explant approach and an assay of metabolic activity. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:564-575. [PMID: 29429941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord (UC) tissue can be collected in a noninvasive procedure and is enriched in progenitor cells with potential therapeutic value. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be reliably harvested from fresh or cryopreserved UC tissue by explant outgrowth with no apparent impact on functionality. A number of stem cell banks offer cryopreservation of UC tissue, alongside cord blood, for future cell-based applications. In this setting, measuring and monitoring UC quality is critical. MATERIALS AND METHODS UC explants were evaluated using a plating and scoring system accounting for cell attachment and proliferation. Explant scores for fresh and cryopreserved-then-thawed tissue from the same UC were compared. Metabolic activity of composite UC tissue was also assayed after exposure of the tissue to conditions anticipated to affect UC quality and compared with explant scores within the same UC. RESULTS All fresh and cryopreserved tissues yielded MSC-like cells, and cryopreservation of the tissue did not prevent the ability to isolate MSCs by the explant method. Thawed UC tissue scores were 91% (±0.6%; P = 0.0009) that of the fresh, biologically identical tissue. Within the same UC, explant scores correlated well to both cell yield (R2 = 0.85) and tissue metabolic activity (R2 = 0.69). DISCUSSION A uniform explant scoring assay can provide information about the quality of composite UC tissue. Such quantitative measurement is useful for analysis of tissue variability and process monitoring. Additionally, a metabolic assay of UC tissue health provides results that correlate well to explant scoring results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Skiles
- Scientific and Medical Affairs, Cbr Systems, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Katherine S Brown
- Scientific and Medical Affairs, Cbr Systems, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William Tatz
- Laboratory Operations, Cbr Systems, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kristen Swingle
- Consumer Sales and Operations, Cbr Systems, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Heather L Brown
- Scientific and Medical Affairs, Cbr Systems, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
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Stem Cells of Dental Origin: Current Research Trends and Key Milestones towards Clinical Application. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4209891. [PMID: 27818690 PMCID: PMC5081960 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4209891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), including Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs), Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED), and Stem Cells From Apical Papilla (SCAP), have been extensively studied using highly sophisticated in vitro and in vivo systems, yielding substantially improved understanding of their intriguing biological properties. Their capacity to reconstitute various dental and nondental tissues and the inherent angiogenic, neurogenic, and immunomodulatory properties of their secretome have been a subject of meticulous and costly research by various groups over the past decade. Key milestone achievements have exemplified their clinical utility in Regenerative Dentistry, as surrogate therapeutic modules for conventional biomaterial-based approaches, offering regeneration of damaged oral tissues instead of simply “filling the gaps.” Thus, the essential next step to validate these immense advances is the implementation of well-designed clinical trials paving the way for exploiting these fascinating research achievements for patient well-being: the ultimate aim of this ground breaking technology. This review paper presents a concise overview of the major biological properties of the human dental MSCs, critical for the translational pathway “from bench to clinic.”
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Dehkordi MB, Madjd Z, Chaleshtori MH, Meshkani R, Nikfarjam L, Kajbafzadeh AM. A Simple, Rapid, and Efficient Method for Isolating Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Entire Umbilical Cord. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:1287-1297. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x582769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reports have been published on the isolation, culture, and identification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different anatomical regions of the umbilical cord (UC). UC is suitable for standardizing methods of MSC isolation because it is a uniform source with high MSC numbers. Although the UC is considered a medical waste after childbirth, ethical issues for its use must be considered. An increased demand for MSCs in regenerative medicine has made scientists prioritize the development of MSC isolation methods. Several research groups are attempting to provide a large number of high-quality MSCs. In this study, we present a modulated explant/enzyme method (MEEM) to isolate the maximum number of MSCs from the entire UC. This method was established for the isolation of MSCs from different anatomical regions of the UC altogether. We could retrieve 6 to 10 million MSCs during 8 to 10 days of primary culture. After three passages, we could obtain 8–10 × 108 cells in 28–30 days. MSCs isolated by this method express CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD44, but they do not express hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45 or the endothelial marker CD31. The genes SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG are expressed in isolated MSCs. The capacity of these MSCs to differentiate into adipocytes and osteocytes highlights their application in regenerative medicine. This method is simple, reproducible, and cost efficient. Moreover, this method is suitable for the production of a large number of high-quality MSCs from an UC in less than a month, to be used for cell therapy in an 80-kg person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Banitalebi Dehkordi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran (IRI)
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center and Dep Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IRI)
| | | | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IRI)
| | - Laleh Nikfarjam
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IRI)
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IRI)
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Shivakumar SB, Bharti D, Subbarao RB, Jang SJ, Park JS, Ullah I, Park JK, Byun JH, Park BW, Rho GJ. DMSO- and Serum-Free Cryopreservation of Wharton's Jelly Tissue Isolated From Human Umbilical Cord. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2397-412. [PMID: 27038129 PMCID: PMC5094545 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The facile nature of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) acquisition in relatively large numbers has made Wharton's jelly (WJ) tissue an alternative source of MSCs for regenerative medicine. However, freezing of such tissue using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for future use impedes its clinical utility. In this study, we compared the effect of two different cryoprotectants (DMSO and cocktail solution) on post-thaw cell behavior upon freezing of WJ tissue following two different freezing protocols (Conventional [-1°C/min] and programmed). The programmed method showed higher cell survival rate compared to conventional method of freezing. Further, cocktail solution showed better cryoprotection than DMSO. Post-thaw growth characteristics and stem cell behavior of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) from WJ tissue cryopreserved with a cocktail solution in conjunction with programmed method (Prog-Cock) were comparable with WJMSCs from fresh WJ tissue. They preserved their expression of surface markers, pluripotent factors, and successfully differentiated in vitro into osteocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and hepatocytes. They also produced lesser annexin-V-positive cells compared to cells from WJ tissue stored using cocktail solution in conjunction with the conventional method (Conv-Cock). Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis of post-thaw WJMSCs from Conv-Cock group showed significantly increased expression of pro-apoptotic factors (BAX, p53, and p21) and reduced expression of anti-apoptotic factor (BCL2) compared to WJMSCs from the fresh and Prog-Cock group. Therefore, we conclude that freezing of fresh WJ tissue using cocktail solution in conjunction with programmed freezing method allows for an efficient WJ tissue banking for future MSC-based regenerative therapies. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2397-2412, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Belame Shivakumar
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinesh Bharti
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Raghavendra Baregundi Subbarao
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Jung Jang
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sung Park
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Ullah
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Kwon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Wook Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Jin Rho
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Lechanteur C, Briquet A, Giet O, Delloye O, Baudoux E, Beguin Y. Clinical-scale expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells: a large banking experience. J Transl Med 2016; 14:145. [PMID: 27207011 PMCID: PMC4875672 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are largely investigated in clinical trials aiming to control inappropriate immune reactions (GVHD, Crohn’s disease, solid organ transplantation). As the percentage of MSC precursors in bone marrow is very low, these must be expanded in vitro to obtain therapeutic cell doses. We describe here the constitution of an allogeneic human third-party MSC bank from screened healthy volunteer donors in compliance with quality specifications and ISCT-release criteria and report follow-up of different aspects of this activity since 2007. Methods 68 clinical-grade large-scale MSC cultures were completed and analyzed. The whole process was described, including volunteer donor screening, bone marrow collection, mononuclear cell isolation and expansion over 4 weeks, harvesting, cryopreservation, release, administration and quality controls of the cells (including microbiology, phenotype, and potency assays). Results From 59 validated donors, 68 cultures were completed (mean of final yields: 886 × 106 cells/culture) and a total of 464 MSC aliquots have been produced and stored in liquid nitrogen (mean of 132.8 × 106 cells/bag). Each MSC batch underwent extensive testing to verify its conformity with EBMT and ISCT release criteria and was individually validated. As of June 1 2015, 314 bags have been released and infused to patients included in 6 different clinical protocols. All thawed MSC units satisfied to release criteria and no infusion-related toxicity was reported. Conclusion In conclusion, despite low passage cultures, we have been able to create an allogeneic “off-the-shelf” MSC bank with a large number of frozen aliquots and report here an efficient clinical-grade MSC banking activity in place for more than 7 years. Our challenge now is to produce MSC in compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP) as, in the meantime, MSC have become considered as advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP). Another significant challenge remains the development of relevant potency assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Lechanteur
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Alexandra Briquet
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Giet
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Delloye
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Baudoux
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves Beguin
- Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, CHU of Liège and University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, CHU and University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Effects of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Human Trophoblast Cell Functions In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9156731. [PMID: 26949402 PMCID: PMC4753693 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9156731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell dysfunction is involved in many disorders during pregnancy such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Few treatments exist, however, that target improving trophoblast cell function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are capable of self-renewing, can undergo multilineage differentiation, and have homing abilities; in addition, they have immunomodulatory effects and paracrine properties and thus are a prospective source for cell therapy. To identify whether hUCMSCs can regulate trophoblast cell functions, we treated trophoblast cells with hUCMSC supernatant or cocultured them with hUCMSCs. Both treatments remarkably enhanced the migration and invasion abilities of trophoblast cells and upregulated their proliferation ability. At a certain concentration, hUCMSCs also modulated hCG, PIGF, and sEndoglin levels in the trophoblast culture medium. Thus, hUCMSCs have a positive effect on trophoblast cellular functions, which may provide a new avenue for treatment of placenta-related diseases during pregnancy.
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45
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively investigated for their potential to regenerate tissue, to modulate the immune system, and their wound healing properties in over 350 clinical trials worldwide. MSCs from various tissues such as adipose, bone, and others are currently being studied in clinical trials in indications for ischemic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and degenerative disorders. As a result, numerous isolation protocols have been published. This chapter provides a simple protocol whereby a total of 80-100 million human MSCs, with an average viability greater than 90 %, can be produced from a relatively small (1-3 mL) bone marrow aspirate in 14-20 days using double stack culture chambers. MSCs were originally referred to as fibroblastoid colony forming cells because one of their characteristic features is adherence to tissue culture plastic and generation of colonies when plated at low densities. The efficiency with which they form colonies still remains an important assay for the quality of cell preparations. To assess the quality of cell preparations, two different colony forming unit (CFU) assays are also provided.
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Arutyunyan I, Elchaninov A, Makarov A, Fatkhudinov T. Umbilical Cord as Prospective Source for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6901286. [PMID: 27651799 PMCID: PMC5019943 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6901286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper presents current evidence on the properties of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, including origin, proliferative potential, plasticity, stability of karyotype and phenotype, transcriptome, secretome, and immunomodulatory activity. A review of preclinical studies and clinical trials using this cell type is performed. Prospects for the use of mesenchymal stem cells, derived from the umbilical cord, in cell transplantation are associated with the need for specialized biobanking and transplant standardization criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Arutyunyan
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, No. 4, Oparin Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- 2Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, No. 1, Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Andrey Makarov
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, No. 4, Oparin Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- 1Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, No. 4, Oparin Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- 2Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, No. 1, Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- *Timur Fatkhudinov:
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Fong CY, Subramanian A, Biswas A, Bongso A. Freezing of Fresh Wharton's Jelly From Human Umbilical Cords Yields High Post-Thaw Mesenchymal Stem Cell Numbers for Cell-Based Therapies. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:815-27. [PMID: 26365815 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Some cord blood banks freeze entire pieces of UC (mixed cord, MC) which after post-thaw yields mixed heterogeneous populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from all its microanatomical compartments. Freezing of such entire tissues results in sub-optimal post-thaw cell recovery because of poor cryoprotectant diffusion and intracellular ice-formation, heat and water transport issues, and damage to intercellular junctions. To develop a simple method of harvesting pure homogeneous MSCs for cord blood banks, we compared the post-thaw behavior of three groups of frozen UC tissues: (i) freshly harvested WJ without cell separation; (ii) MSCs isolated from WJ (WJSC); and (iii) MC, WJ, and WJSC produced high post-thaw cell survival rates (93.52 ± 6.12% to 90.83 ± 4.51%) and epithelioid monolayers within 24 h in primary culture whereas post-thaw MC explants showed slow growth with mixed epithelioid and fibroblastic cell outgrowths after several days. Viability and proliferation rates of post-thawed WJ and hWJSC were significantly greater than MC. Post-thaw WJ and WJSC produced significantly greater CD24(+) and CD108(+) fluorescence intensities and significantly lower CD40(+) contaminants. Post-thaw WJ and WJSC produced significantly lesser annexin-V-positive and sub-G1 cells and greater degrees of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation compared to MC. qRT-PCR analysis of post-thaw MC showed significant decreases in anti-apoptotic gene expression (SURVIVIN, BCL2) and increases in pro-apoptotic (BAX) and cell cycle regulator genes (P53, P21, ROCK 1) compared to WJ and WJSC. We conclude that freezing of fresh WJ is a simple and reliable method of generating large numbers of clinically utilizable MSCs for cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Yee Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 119228, Singapore
| | - Arjunan Subramanian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 119228, Singapore
| | - Arijit Biswas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 119228, Singapore
| | - Ariff Bongso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 119228, Singapore
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Joerger-Messerli MS, Marx C, Oppliger B, Mueller M, Surbek DV, Schoeberlein A. Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly and Amniotic Fluid. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2015; 31:30-44. [PMID: 26482184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in perinatal sources, such as the amniotic fluid (AF) and the umbilical connective tissue, the so-called Wharton's jelly (WJ), has transformed them into promising stem cell grafts for the application in regenerative medicine. The advantages of AF-MSCs and WJ-MSCs over adult MSCs, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), include their minimally invasive isolation procedure, their more primitive cell character without being tumourigenic, their low immunogenicity and their potential autologous application in congenital disorders and when cryopreserved in adulthood. This chapter gives an overview of the biology of AF-MSCs and WJ-MSCs, and their regenerative potential based on the results of recent preclinical and clinical studies. In the end, open questions concerning the use of WJ-MSCs and AF-MSCs in regenerative medicine will be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Joerger-Messerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Caterina Marx
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Byron Oppliger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Mueller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Daniel V Surbek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andreina Schoeberlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Fazzina R, Mariotti A, Procoli A, Fioravanti D, Iudicone P, Scambia G, Pierelli L, Bonanno G. A new standardized clinical-grade protocol for banking human umbilical cord tissue cells. Transfusion 2015; 55:2864-73. [PMID: 26354088 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from human umbilical cord tissue (UCT) can be considered the perfect candidates for cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. UCT-derived MSCs can be cryogenically stored in cell banks and expanded as needed for therapeutic uses. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We developed a new method for UCT-MSC isolation, cryopreservation, and expansion, following all criteria required by a stem cell bank. UCT-MSCs were isolated either by manual dissociation (MM) or by a semiautomatic dissociation system (SAM). In both protocols UCTs were treated enzymatically using Type IV collagenase good manufacturing practices (GMP) graded and hyaluronidase (medicinal product). Isolated UCT-MSCs were cryopreserved and analyzed after thawing for phenotype; for proliferation rate; and for their osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation capabilities. RESULTS We found that SAM reduced the time of tissue enzyme exposure and enabled us to obtain a homogeneous single-cell suspension deprived of tissue fragments. The isolated cells in both groups showed high expression of MSC markers CD105, CD73, and CD90 and similar differentiation capabilities, phenotype, and proliferation potential. Moreover, the final yield of MSCs was comparable between the two techniques. CONCLUSION In this study, we have established a reliable and standardized protocol to isolate UCT-MSCs from UCT for cell banking purposes. Processing the whole umbilical tissue with GMP-graded enzymes using a semiautomatic dissociator allowed us to obtain a single-cell suspension product with a known number of isolated cells that can be cryopreserved right after isolation and thawed as needed for expansion and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Mariotti
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sacred Heart Catholic University
| | - Annabella Procoli
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sacred Heart Catholic University
| | - Daniela Fioravanti
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital
| | - Paola Iudicone
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sacred Heart Catholic University
| | - Luca Pierelli
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bonanno
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sacred Heart Catholic University
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Vangsness CT, Sternberg H, Harris L. Umbilical Cord Tissue Offers the Greatest Number of Harvestable Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Research and Clinical Application: A Literature Review of Different Harvest Sites. Arthroscopy 2015; 31:1836-43. [PMID: 26354202 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent years have seen dramatic increases in the techniques used to harvest and isolate human mesenchymal stem cells. As the potential therapeutic aspects of these cells further develop, informative data on the differences in yields between tissue harvest sites and methods will become increasingly valuable. We collected and compared data on cell yields from multiple tissue harvest sites to provide insight into the varying levels of mesenchymal stem cells by tissue and offer primary and alternative tissue types for harvest and clinical application. METHODS The PubMed and Medline databases were searched for articles relating to the harvest, isolation, and quantification of human mesenchymal stem cells. Selected articles were analyzed for relevant data, which were categorized according to tissue site and, if possible, standardized to facilitate comparison between sites. RESULTS Human mesenchymal stem cell levels in tissue varied widely according to tissue site and harvest method. Yields for adipose tissue ranged from 4,737 cells/mL of tissue to 1,550,000 cells/mL of tissue. Yields for bone marrow ranged from 1 to 30 cells/mL to 317,400 cells/mL. Yields for umbilical cord tissue ranged from 10,000 cells/mL to 4,700,000 cells/cm of umbilical cord. Secondary tissue harvest sites such as placental tissue and synovium yielded results ranging from 1,000 cells/mL to 30,000 cells/mL. CONCLUSIONS Variations in allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell harvest levels from human tissues reflect the evolving nature of the field, patient demographic characteristics, and differences in harvest and isolation techniques. At present, Wharton's jelly tissue yields the highest concentration of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells whereas adipose tissue yields the highest levels of autologous mesenchymal stem cells per milliliter of tissue. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This comparison of stem cell levels from the literature offers a primer and guide for harvesting mesenchymal stem cells. Larger mesenchymal stem cell yields are more desirable for research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thomas Vangsness
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A..
| | | | - Liam Harris
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
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