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Sazdova I, Hadzi-Petrushev N, Keremidarska-Markova M, Stojchevski R, Sopi R, Shileiko S, Mitrokhin V, Gagov H, Avtanski D, Lubomirov LT, Mladenov M. SIRT-associated attenuation of cellular senescence in vascular wall. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111943. [PMID: 38762036 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the vital function that SIRT1 and other sirtuins play in promoting cellular senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells, which is a key element in the pathogenesis of vascular aging and associated cardiovascular diseases. Vascular aging is a gradual process caused by the accumulation of senescent cells, which results in increased vascular remodeling, stiffness, and diminished angiogenic ability. Such physiological alterations are characterized by a complex interplay of environmental and genetic variables, including oxidative stress and telomere attrition, which affect gene expression patterns and trigger cell growth arrest. SIRT1 has been highlighted for its potential to reduce cellular senescence through modulation of multiple signaling cascades, particularly the endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS)/NO signaling pathway. It also modulates cell cycle through p53 inactivation and suppresses NF-κB mediated expression of adhesive molecules at the vascular level. The study also examines the therapeutic potential of sirtuin modulation in vascular health, identifying SIRT1 and its sirtuin counterparts as potential targets for reducing vascular aging. This study sheds light on the molecular basis of vascular aging and the beneficial effects of sirtuins, paving the way for the development of tailored therapies aimed at enhancing vascular health and prolonging life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyana Sazdova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Sofia 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje 1000, North Macedonia
| | - Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Sofia 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslav Stojchevski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Ramadan Sopi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina 10 000, Kosovo
| | - Stanislav Shileiko
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vadim Mitrokhin
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Hristo Gagov
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', Sofia 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitar Avtanski
- Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, 110 E 59th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Lubomir T Lubomirov
- Vascular Biology Research Group (RenEVA), Research Institute, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria; Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health - School of Medicine, Biomedical Center for Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Mitko Mladenov
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje 1000, North Macedonia; Department of Fundamental and Applied Physiology, Russian States Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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Hu S, Wang L, Zheng M, Wang M, Chen B, Lin L. LY333531 attenuates contraction of tumor necrosis factor-α-sensitized human airway smooth muscle cells. J Asthma 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38833524 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2364810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein kinase C (PKC) has been implicated in the increased contraction of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) in asthma. Using the three-dimensional collagen gel contraction system, the study aimed to determine the effects of LY333531, a specific inhibitor of the PKC-β isoform, on the contraction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-sensitized HASMCs. METHODS Cultured HASMCs were divided into five groups: the control group received no treatment, and the cells in the TNF-α group were sensitized with 10 ng/mL TNF-α for 48 h, while TNF-α was administered to sensitize HASMCs in the presence of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 μM LY333531 for 48 h in the 0.1LY, 0.2LY, and 0.5LY groups, respectively. Following this, HASMCs contraction was stimulated with 1 mM acetylcholine (ACh) for up to 24 h in each group and assessed using a three-dimensional collagen gel contraction assay. Furthermore, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were performed. RESULTS The collagen gel contraction assay revealed that TNF-α increased the protein expression of phosphorylated PKC-β2, CPI-17, and MLC while exacerbating ACh-induced HASMCs contraction. LY333531 significantly attenuated HASMCs contraction and downregulated the protein expression of both p-CPI-17 and p-MLC. CONCLUSIONS At least in part by regulating CPI-17 and MLC phosphorylation, LY333531 attenuates augmented contraction of TNF-α-sensitized HASMCs in a collagen gel contraction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangrong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengjia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baihui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lina Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Hernandez-Lara MA, Richard J, Deshpande DA. Diacylglycerol kinase is a keystone regulator of signaling relevant to the pathophysiology of asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 327:L3-L18. [PMID: 38742284 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00091.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and immunoreceptors converge at the activation of phospholipase C (PLC) for the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). This is a point for second-messenger bifurcation where DAG via protein kinase C (PKC) and IP3 via calcium activate distinct protein targets and regulate cellular functions. IP3 signaling is regulated by multiple calcium influx and efflux proteins involved in calcium homeostasis. A family of lipid kinases belonging to DAG kinases (DGKs) converts DAG to phosphatidic acid (PA), negatively regulating DAG signaling and pathophysiological functions. PA, through a series of biochemical reactions, is recycled to produce new molecules of PIP2. Therefore, DGKs act as a central switch in terminating DAG signaling and resynthesis of membrane phospholipids precursor. Interestingly, calcium and PKC regulate the activation of α and ζ isoforms of DGK that are predominantly expressed in airway and immune cells. Thus, DGK forms a feedback and feedforward control point and plays a crucial role in fine-tuning phospholipid stoichiometry, signaling, and functions. In this review, we discuss the previously underappreciated complex and intriguing DAG/DGK-driven mechanisms in regulating cellular functions associated with asthma, such as contraction and proliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and inflammatory activation of immune cells. We highlight the benefits of manipulating DGK activity in mitigating salient features of asthma pathophysiology and shed light on DGK as a molecule of interest for heterogeneous diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Hernandez-Lara
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joshua Richard
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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4
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Sugawara Y, Mizuno Y, Oku S, Sawada Y, Goto T. Role of protein kinase D1 in vasoconstriction and haemodynamics in rats. Microvasc Res 2024; 152:104627. [PMID: 37963515 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Protein kinase D (PKD), once considered an effector of protein kinase C (PKC), now plays many pathophysiological roles in various tissues. However, little is known about role of PKD in vascular function. We investigated the role of PKD in contraction of rat aorta and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and in haemodynamics in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Isometric tension of rat aortic was measured to examine norepinephrine-induced contraction in the presence of PKD, PKC and Rho-kinase inhibitors. Phosphorylation of PKD1, myosin targeting subunit-1 (MYPT1), myosin light chain (MLC), CPI-17 and heat-shock protein 27 (HSP27), and actin polymerization were measured in the aorta. Phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC was also measured in HASMCs knocked down with specific siRNAs of PKD 1, 2 and 3. Intracellular calcium concentrations and cell shortening were measured in HASMCs. Norepinephrine-induced aortic contraction was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of PKD1, MYPT1 and MLC and actin polymerization, all of which were attenuated with PKD inhibitor CRT0066101. PKD1 phosphorylation was not inhibited by PKC inhibitor, chelerythrine or Rho kinase inhibitor, fasudil. In HASMCs, the phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC was attenuated by PKD1, but not PKD2, 3 knockdown. In HASMCs, CRT0066101 inhibited norepinephrine-induced cell shortening without affecting calcium concentration. Administration of CRT0066101 decreased systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure without affecting cardiac output in rats. CONCLUSIONS PKD1 may play roles in aorta contraction and haemodynamics via phosphorylation of MYPT1 and actin polymerization in a calcium-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoh Sugawara
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuno
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Shinya Oku
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuri Sawada
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahisa Goto
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Kajuluri LP, Lyu QR, Doja J, Kumar A, Wilson MP, Sgrizzi SR, Rezaeimanesh E, Miano JM, Morgan KG. Calponin 1 inhibits agonist-induced ERK activation and decreases calcium sensitization in vascular smooth muscle. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18025. [PMID: 38147352 PMCID: PMC10805486 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) contraction and vascular tone are modulated by phosphorylation and multiple modifications of the thick filament, and thin filament regulation of SMC contraction has been reported to involve extracellular regulated kinase (ERK). Previous studies in ferrets suggest that the actin-binding protein, calponin 1 (CNN1), acts as a scaffold linking protein kinase C (PKC), Raf, MEK and ERK, promoting PKC-dependent ERK activation. To gain further insight into this function of CNN1 in ERK activation and the regulation of SMC contractility in mice, we generated a novel Calponin 1 knockout mouse (Cnn1 KO) by a single base substitution in an intronic CArG box that preferentially abolishes expression of CNN1 in vascular SMCs. Using this new Cnn1 KO mouse, we show that ablation of CNN1 has two effects, depending on the cytosolic free calcium level: (1) in the presence of elevated intracellular calcium caused by agonist stimulation, Cnn1 KO mice display a reduced amplitude of stress and stiffness but an increase in agonist-induced ERK activation; and (2) during intracellular calcium depletion, in the presence of an agonist, Cnn1 KO mice exhibit increased duration of SM tone maintenance. Together, these results suggest that CNN1 plays an important and complex modulatory role in SMC contractile tone amplitude and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lova Prasadareddy Kajuluri
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Health SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Present address:
Cardiovascular Research CenterMassachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
| | - Qing Rex Lyu
- Vascular Biology CenterMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
- Medical Research CenterChongqing General HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Jaser Doja
- Vascular Biology CenterMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Vascular Biology CenterMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - Samantha R. Sgrizzi
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Health SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Elika Rezaeimanesh
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Health SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joseph M. Miano
- Vascular Biology CenterMedical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Kathleen G. Morgan
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Health SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Merve D, Irfan A, Gul S, Celik OS, Tugba DKN. Trypsin-induced elevated contractile responses in a rat model of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: Involvement of PAR2 and intracellular Ca 2+ release pathways. Life Sci 2022; 293:120359. [PMID: 35092732 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with unclear etiology. Different receptors play a role in the pathophysiology including protease activated receptors (PARs). The present study aimed to investigate the subtypes and the effects of PARs on contractility using permeabilized detrusor smooth muscle strips in IC/BPS. MAIN METHODS IC/BPS was induced by cyclophosphamide injection. Histopathological analysis, PCR for detecting PAR proteins, western blotting for indicating PAR2 protein expression levels and myograph recording for measuring contractile force were used. KEY FINDINGS The present study reveals that in rat bladder PAR1 and PAR2 but not PAR4 were found to be expressed. The first evidence was revealed where trypsin-induced contractions in rat permeabilized detrusor were potentiated in CYP-induced cystitis. Moreover, the functional inhibition of trypsin-induced contractions by selective PAR2 antagonist (ENMD-1068) and the supporting immunoblotting results emphasized that the main PAR subtype involved in IC/BPS model in rat bladder is PAR2. Our data emphasize the prominent role of IP3 in cystitis pathology besides ryanodine channels. Trypsin-induced Ca2+sensitization contractions were also higher in cystitis. Both Rho kinase and protein kinase C played a role in this increased Ca2+sensitization situation. SIGNIFICANCE The present paper highlights the intracellular pathways that are involved in trypsin-induced contractions mainly via PAR2 in permeabilized bladder detrusor smooth muscle in a rat model of IC/BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denizalti Merve
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anjum Irfan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Simsek Gul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Sevgen Celik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Regulation of myosin light-chain phosphorylation and its roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:40-52. [PMID: 34616031 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of muscle contraction is a critical function in the cardiovascular system, and abnormalities may be life-threatening or cause illness. The common basic mechanism in muscle contraction is the interaction between the protein filaments myosin and actin. Although this interaction is primarily regulated by intracellular Ca2+, the primary targets and intracellular signaling pathways differ in vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) is a primary molecular switch for smooth muscle contraction. The equilibrium between phosphorylated and unphosphorylated RLC is dynamically achieved through two enzymes, myosin light chain kinase, a Ca2+-dependent enzyme, and myosin phosphatase, which modifies the Ca2+ sensitivity of contractions. In cardiac muscle, the primary target protein for Ca2+ is troponin C on thin filaments; however, RLC phosphorylation also plays a modulatory role in contraction. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the regulation, physiological function, and pathophysiological involvement of RLC phosphorylation in smooth and cardiac muscles.
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Lubomirov LT, Jänsch MH, Papadopoulos S, Schroeter MM, Metzler D, Bust M, Hescheler J, Grisk O, Ritter O, Pfitzer G. Senescent murine femoral arteries undergo vascular remodelling associated with accelerated stress-induced contractility and reactivity to nitric oxide. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 130:70-83. [PMID: 34665520 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work explored the mechanism of augmented stress-induced vascular reactivity of senescent murine femoral arteries (FAs). Mechanical and pharmacological reactivity of young (12-25 weeks, y-FA) and senescent (>104 weeks, s-FAs) femoral arteries was measured by wire myography. Expression and protein phosphorylation of selected regulatory proteins were studied by western blotting. Expression ratio of the Exon24 in/out splice isoforms of the regulatory subunit of myosin phosphatase, MYPT1 (MYPT1-Exon24 in/out), was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While the resting length-tension relationship showed no alteration, the stretch-induced-tone increased to 8.3 ± 0.9 mN in s-FA versus only 4.6 ± 0.3 mN in y-FAs. Under basal conditions, phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain of myosin at S19 was 19.2 ± 5.8% in y-FA versus 49.2 ± 12.6% in s-FA. Inhibition of endogenous NO release raised tone additionally to 10.4 ± 1.2 mN in s-FA, whereas this treatment had a negligible effect in y-FAs (4.8 ± 0.3 mN). In s-FAs, reactivity to NO donor was augmented (pD2 = -4.5 ± 0.3 in y-FA vs. -5.2 ± 0.1 in senescent). Accordingly, in s-FAs, MYPT1-Exon24-out-mRNA, which is responsible for expression of the more sensitive to protein-kinase G, leucine-zipper-positive MYPT1 isoform, was increased. The present work provides evidence that senescent murine s-FA undergoes vascular remodelling associated with increases in stretch-activated contractility and sensitivity to NO/cGMP/PKG system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubomir T Lubomirov
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Research Cluster, Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Diseases, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Monique Heidrun Jänsch
- Research Cluster, Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Diseases, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Pneumology, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Symeon Papadopoulos
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mechthild M Schroeter
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Doris Metzler
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Bust
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Olaf Grisk
- Institute of Physiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Research Cluster, Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Diseases, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Research Cluster, Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Diseases, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Pneumology, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Gabriele Pfitzer
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Center of Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Mfge8 attenuates human gastric antrum smooth muscle contractions. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:219-231. [PMID: 34085177 PMCID: PMC8332633 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Coordinated gastric smooth muscle contraction is critical for proper digestion and is adversely affected by a number of gastric motility disorders. In this study we report that the secreted protein Mfge8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8) inhibits the contractile responses of human gastric antrum muscles to cholinergic stimuli by reducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of the MYPT1 (myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit (1) subunit of MLCP (myosin light chain phosphatase), resulting in reduced LC20 (smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain (2) phosphorylation. Mfge8 reduced the agonist-induced increase in the F-actin/G-actin ratios of β-actin and γ-actin1. We show that endogenous Mfge8 is bound to its receptor, α8β1 integrin, in human gastric antrum muscles, suggesting that human gastric antrum muscle mechanical responses are regulated by Mfge8. The regulation of gastric antrum smooth muscles by Mfge8 and α8 integrin functions as a brake on gastric antrum mechanical activities. Further studies of the role of Mfge8 and α8 integrin in regulating gastric antrum function will likely reveal additional novel aspects of gastric smooth muscle motility mechanisms.
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Wei X, Lan T, Zhou Y, Cheng J, Li P, Zeng X, Yang Y. Mechanism of α1-Adrenergic Receptor-Induced Increased Contraction of Rat Mesenteric Artery in Aging Hypertension Rats. Gerontology 2021; 67:323-337. [PMID: 33752204 DOI: 10.1159/000511911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vasoconstriction is triggered by an increase in intracellular-free calcium concentration. Growing evidence indicates that contraction is also regulated by calcium-independent mechanisms involving RhoA-Rho kinase (ROCK), protein kinase C (PKC), and so on. In this study, we studied the changes of vascular reactivity as well as the underlying signaling pathways in aging spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS The artery tension induced by α1-adrenergic receptor activator (α1-AR) phenylephrine (PE) was measured in the absence or presence of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), PKC, and ROCK inhibitors. The α1-AR, PKC, ROCK, phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), and PKC-potentiated phosphatase inhibitors of 17 kDa (CPI-17) of rat mesenteric arteries were analyzed at the mRNA level or protein level. RESULTS The vascular tension measurements showed that there was a significant increase in the mesenteric artery contraction induced by PE in old SHR. MLCK inhibitor ML-7 can similarly inhibit PE-induced vasoconstriction. PKC inhibitor GF109203X has the weakest inhibitory effect on PE-induced contraction in old SHR. At the presence of ROCK inhibitor H1152, PE-induced contraction was significantly reduced in young Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, but this phenomenon disappeared in other rats. Furthermore, in old SHR the protein expression of α1-AR decreased and phosphorylation of MLC and CPI-17 were upregulated and MLC phosphatase (MLCP) activity was significantly lower. The expressions of PKC were upregulated in SHR and old rats. In addition, the expression of ROCK-1 was decreased and ROCK-2 was significantly upregulated with age in SHR. CONCLUSION In aging hypertension, the expression/activity of PKC or ROCK-2/CPI-17 excessively increased, MLCP activity decreased and MLC phosphorylation enhanced, leading to increased α1-AR-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wei
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuanqun Zhou
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Zeng
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,
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Semiz AT, Teker AB, Yapar K, Doğan BSU, Takır S. Hydrogen sulfide dilates the isolated retinal artery mainly via the activation of myosin phosphatase. Life Sci 2020; 255:117834. [PMID: 32454158 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is shown in ocular tissues and suggested to involve in the regulation of retinal circulation. However, the mechanism of H2S-induced relaxation on retinal artery is not clarified yet. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of several calcium (Ca2+) signaling and Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms in the relaxing effect of H2S donor, NaHS, on retinal arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relaxing effects of NaHS (10-5-3 × 10-3M) were determined on precontracted retinal arteries in Ca2+ free medium as well as in the presence of the inhibitors of Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. Additively, Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus were evaluated by CaCl2-induced contractions in the presence of NaHS (3 × 10-3M). Functional experiments were furtherly assessed by protein and/or mRNA expressions, as appropriate. KEY FINDINGS The relaxations to NaHS were preserved in Ca2+ free medium while NaHS pretreatment decreased the responsiveness to CaCl2. The inhibitors of plasmalemmal Ca2+-ATPase, sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, Na+-Ca2+ ion-exchanger and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) unchanged the relaxations to NaHS. Likewise, Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms including, rho kinase, protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase were unlikely to mediate the relaxation to NaHS in retinal artery. Whereas, a marked reduction was determined in NaHS-induced relaxations in the presence of MLCP inhibitor, calyculin A. Supportively, NaHS pretreatment significantly reduced phosphorylation of MYPT1-subunit of MLCP. SIGNIFICANCE The relaxing effect of NaHS in retinal artery is likely to be related to the activation of MLCP and partly, to decrement in Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Toprak Semiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; Istanbul University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Başak Teker
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey
| | - Kürşad Yapar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey
| | | | - Selçuk Takır
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey.
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12
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Usui-Kawanishi F, Takahashi M, Sakai H, Suto W, Kai Y, Chiba Y, Hiraishi K, Kurahara LH, Hori M, Inoue R. Implications of immune-inflammatory responses in smooth muscle dysfunction and disease. J Smooth Muscle Res 2020; 55:81-107. [PMID: 32023567 PMCID: PMC6997890 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.55.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, solid evidence has been accumulated for the pivotal significance
of immunoinflammatory processes in the initiation, progression, and exacerbation of many
diseases and disorders. This groundbreaking view came from original works by Ross who
first described that excessive inflammatory-fibroproliferative response to various forms
of insult to the endothelium and smooth muscle of the artery wall is essential for the
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (Ross, Nature 1993; 362(6423): 801–9). It is now widely
recognized that both innate and adaptive immune reactions are avidly involved in the
inflammation-related remodeling of many tissues and organs. When this state persists,
irreversible fibrogenic changes would occur often culminating in fatal insufficiencies of
many vital parenchymal organs such as liver, lung, heart, kidney and intestines. Thus,
inflammatory diseases are becoming the common life-threatening risk for and urgent concern
about the public health in developed countries (Wynn et al., Nature Medicine 2012; 18(7):
1028–40). Considering this timeliness, we organized a special symposium entitled
“Implications of immune/inflammatory responses in smooth muscle dysfunction and disease”
in the 58th annual meeting of the Japan Society of Smooth Muscle Research. This symposium
report will provide detailed synopses of topics presented in this symposium; (1) the role
of inflammasome in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms by Fumitake
Usui-Kawanishi and Masafumi Takahashi; (2) Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of
hyper-contractility of bronchial smooth muscle in allergic asthma by Hiroyasu Sakai,
Wataru Suto, Yuki Kai and Yoshihiko Chiba; (3) Vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial
hypertension by Keizo Hiraishi, Lin Hai Kurahara and Ryuji Inoue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitake Usui-Kawanishi
- Division of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyoma Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.,Division of Inflammation Research, Center of Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-159 Yakushiji, Shimono-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center of Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-159 Yakushiji, Shimono-shi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Wataru Suto
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Kai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Keizo Hiraishi
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Lin Hai Kurahara
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ido, Miki-machi, Kida-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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13
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Uray K, Major E, Lontay B. MicroRNA Regulatory Pathways in the Control of the Actin-Myosin Cytoskeleton. Cells 2020; 9:E1649. [PMID: 32660059 PMCID: PMC7408560 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key modulators of post-transcriptional gene regulation in a plethora of processes, including actin-myosin cytoskeleton dynamics. Recent evidence points to the widespread effects of miRNAs on actin-myosin cytoskeleton dynamics, either directly on the expression of actin and myosin genes or indirectly on the diverse signaling cascades modulating cytoskeletal arrangement. Furthermore, studies from various human models indicate that miRNAs contribute to the development of various human disorders. The potentially huge impact of miRNA-based mechanisms on cytoskeletal elements is just starting to be recognized. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge about the importance of microRNA modulation of the actin-myosin cytoskeleton affecting physiological processes, including cardiovascular function, hematopoiesis, podocyte physiology, and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Uray
- Correspondence: (K.U.); (B.L.); Tel.: +36-52-412345 (K.U. & B.L.)
| | | | - Beata Lontay
- Correspondence: (K.U.); (B.L.); Tel.: +36-52-412345 (K.U. & B.L.)
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14
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Zhang Y, Saradna A, Ratan R, Ke X, Tu W, Do DC, Hu C, Gao P. RhoA/Rho-kinases in asthma: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e01134. [PMID: 32355562 PMCID: PMC7190398 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous disease characterised by airway inflammation and intermittent airway narrowing. The key obstacle in the prevention and treatment of asthma has been our incomplete understanding of its aetiology and biological mechanisms. The ras homolog family member A (RhoA) of the Rho family GTPases has been considered to be one of the most promising and novel therapeutic targets for asthma. It is well known that RhoA/Rho‐kinases play an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma, including airway smooth muscle contraction, airway hyper‐responsiveness, β‐adrenergic desensitisation and airway remodelling. However, recent advances have suggested novel roles for RhoA in regulating allergic airway inflammation. Specifically, RhoA has been shown to regulate allergic airway inflammation through controlling Th2 or Th17 cell differentiation and to regulate airway remodelling through regulating mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. In this review, we evaluate the literature regarding the recent advances in the activation of RhoA/Rho‐kinase, cytokine and epigenetic regulation of RhoA/Rho‐kinase, and the role of RhoA/Rho‐kinase in regulating major features of asthma, such as airway hyper‐responsiveness, remodelling and inflammation. We also discuss the importance of the newly identified role of RhoA/Rho‐kinase signalling in MSC differentiation and bronchial epithelial barrier dysfunction. These findings indicate the functional significance of the RhoA/Rho‐kinase pathway in the pathophysiology of asthma and suggest that RhoA/Rho‐kinase signalling may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Arjun Saradna
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA.,Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA
| | - Rhea Ratan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Xia Ke
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA.,Department of Respirology and Allergy Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen China
| | - Danh C Do
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
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15
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Choi SK, Kwon Y, Byeon S, Haam CE, Lee YH. AdipoRon, adiponectin receptor agonist, improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of type 2 diabetic mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230227. [PMID: 32182257 PMCID: PMC7077821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An orally active synthetic adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon has been suggested to ameliorate insulin resistance, and glucose tolerance. However, the chronic effect of AdipoRon in the vascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes has not been studied yet. Thus, in this study, we examined whether AdipoRon improves vascular function in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Type 2 diabetic (db-/db-) mice were treated with AdipoRon (10 mg/kg/everyday, by oral gavage) for 2 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose levels were recorded every other day during the experimental period. Diameter of mesenteric arteries was measured. And western blot analysis was performed with mesenteric arteries. RESULTS Pressure-induced myogenic response was significantly increased while endothelium-dependent relaxation was reduced in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice. Treatment of AdipoRon normalized potentiated myogenic response, whereas endothelium-dependent relaxation was not affected by treatment of AdipoRon. The expression levels of AdiR1, AdiR2, APPL1, and APPL 2 were increased in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice and treatment of AdipoRon did not affect them. Interestingly, AdipoRon treatment increased the phospho-AMPK and decreased MYPT1 phosphorylation in db-/db- mice while there was no change in the level of eNOS phosphorylation. CONCLUSION The treatment of AdipoRon improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of db-/db- mice through endothelium-independent mechanism. We suggest that MLCP activation through reduced phosphorylation of MYPT1 might be the dominant mechanism in the AdipoRon-induced vascular effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Kyoung Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngin Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhee Byeon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Eun Haam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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16
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Elkhatib MAW, Mroueh A, Rafeh RW, Sleiman F, Fouad H, Saad EI, Fouda MA, Elgaddar O, Issa K, Eid AH, Eid AA, Abd-Elrahman KS, El-Yazbi AF. Amelioration of perivascular adipose inflammation reverses vascular dysfunction in a model of nonobese prediabetic metabolic challenge: potential role of antidiabetic drugs. Transl Res 2019; 214:121-143. [PMID: 31408626 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The onset of vascular impairment precedes that of diagnostic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients suggesting a vascular insult early in the course of metabolic dysfunction without a well-defined mechanism. Mounting evidence implicates adipose inflammation in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes. It is not certain whether amelioration of adipose inflammation is sufficient to preclude vascular dysfunction in early stages of metabolic disease. Recent findings suggest that antidiabetic drugs, metformin, and pioglitazone, improve vascular function in prediabetic patients, without an indication if this protective effect is mediated by reduction of adipose inflammation. Here, we used a prediabetic rat model with delayed development of hyperglycemia to study the effect of metformin or pioglitazone on adipose inflammation and vascular function. At the end of the metabolic challenge, these rats were neither obese, hypertensive, nor hyperglycemic. However, they showed increased pressor responses to phenylephrine and augmented aortic and mesenteric contraction. Vascular tissues from prediabetic rats showed increased Rho-associated kinase activity causing enhanced calcium sensitization. An elevated level of reactive oxygen species was seen in aortic tissues together with increased Transforming growth factor β1 and Interleukin-1β expression. Although, no signs of systemic inflammation were detected, perivascular adipose inflammation was observed. Adipocyte hypertrophy, increased macrophage infiltration, and elevated Transforming growth factor β1 and Interleukin-1β mRNA levels were seen. Two-week treatment with metformin or pioglitazone or switching to normal chow ameliorated adipose inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Localized perivascular adipose inflammation is sufficient to trigger vascular dysfunction early in the course of diabetes. Interfering with this inflammatory process reverses this early abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A W Elkhatib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ali Mroueh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rim W Rafeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Sleiman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hosny Fouad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Evan I Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Fouda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ola Elgaddar
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khodr Issa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khaled S Abd-Elrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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17
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Chennupati R, Wirth A, Favre J, Li R, Bonnavion R, Jin YJ, Wietelmann A, Schweda F, Wettschureck N, Henrion D, Offermanns S. Myogenic vasoconstriction requires G 12/G 13 and LARG to maintain local and systemic vascular resistance. eLife 2019; 8:49374. [PMID: 31549965 PMCID: PMC6777979 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic vasoconstriction is an autoregulatory function of small arteries. Recently, G-protein-coupled receptors have been involved in myogenic vasoconstriction, but the downstream signalling mechanisms and the in-vivo-function of this myogenic autoregulation are poorly understood. Here, we show that small arteries from mice with smooth muscle-specific loss of G12/G13 or the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF12 have lost myogenic vasoconstriction. This defect was accompanied by loss of RhoA activation, while vessels showed normal increases in intracellular [Ca2+]. In the absence of myogenic vasoconstriction, perfusion of peripheral organs was increased, systemic vascular resistance was reduced and cardiac output and left ventricular mass were increased. In addition, animals with defective myogenic vasoconstriction showed aggravated hypotension in response to endotoxin. We conclude that G12/G13- and Rho-mediated signaling plays a key role in myogenic vasoconstriction and that myogenic tone is required to maintain local and systemic vascular resistance under physiological and pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chennupati
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Angela Wirth
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie Favre
- Laboratoire MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM 1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rémy Bonnavion
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Young-June Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Astrid Wietelmann
- Scientific Service Group Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Frank Schweda
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Henrion
- Laboratoire MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM 1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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18
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Singh BK, Lu W, Schmidt Paustian AM, Ge MQ, Koziol-White CJ, Flayer CH, Killingbeck SS, Wang N, Dong X, Riese MJ, Deshpande DA, Panettieri RA, Haczku A, Kambayashi T. Diacylglycerol kinase ζ promotes allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness through distinct mechanisms. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/597/eaax3332. [PMID: 31481522 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic allergic inflammatory airway disease caused by aberrant immune responses to inhaled allergens, which leads to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to contractile stimuli and airway obstruction. Blocking T helper 2 (TH2) differentiation represents a viable therapeutic strategy for allergic asthma, and strong TCR-mediated ERK activation blocks TH2 differentiation. Here, we report that targeting diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase zeta (DGKζ), a negative regulator of DAG-mediated cell signaling, protected against allergic asthma by simultaneously reducing airway inflammation and AHR though independent mechanisms. Targeted deletion of DGKζ in T cells decreased type 2 inflammation without reducing AHR. In contrast, loss of DGKζ in airway smooth muscle cells decreased AHR but not airway inflammation. T cell-specific enhancement of ERK signaling was only sufficient to limit type 2 airway inflammation, not AHR. Pharmacological inhibition of DGK diminished both airway inflammation and AHR in mice and also reduced bronchoconstriction of human airway samples in vitro. These data suggest that DGK is a previously unrecognized therapeutic target for asthma and reveal that the inflammatory and AHR components of asthma are not as interdependent as generally believed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenal K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amanda M Schmidt Paustian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Moyar Q Ge
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Cynthia J Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Cameron H Flayer
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sara S Killingbeck
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nadan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Matthew J Riese
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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19
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Schafmayer C, Harrison JW, Buch S, Lange C, Reichert MC, Hofer P, Cossais F, Kupcinskas J, von Schönfels W, Schniewind B, Kruis W, Tepel J, Zobel M, Rosendahl J, Jacobi T, Walther-Berends A, Schroeder M, Vogel I, Sergeev P, Boedeker H, Hinrichsen H, Volk A, Erk JU, Burmeister G, Hendricks A, Hinz S, Wolff S, Böttner M, Wood AR, Tyrrell J, Beaumont RN, Langheinrich M, Kucharzik T, Brezina S, Huber-Schönauer U, Pietsch L, Noack LS, Brosch M, Herrmann A, Thangapandi RV, Schimming HW, Zeissig S, Palm S, Focke G, Andreasson A, Schmidt PT, Weitz J, Krawczak M, Völzke H, Leeb G, Michl P, Lieb W, Grützmann R, Franke A, Lammert F, Becker T, Kupcinskas L, D'Amato M, Wedel T, Datz C, Gsur A, Weedon MN, Hampe J. Genome-wide association analysis of diverticular disease points towards neuromuscular, connective tissue and epithelial pathomechanisms. Gut 2019; 68:854-865. [PMID: 30661054 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diverticular disease is a common complex disorder characterised by mucosal outpouchings of the colonic wall that manifests through complications such as diverticulitis, perforation and bleeding. We report the to date largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic risk factors for diverticular disease. DESIGN Discovery GWAS analysis was performed on UK Biobank imputed genotypes using 31 964 cases and 419 135 controls of European descent. Associations were replicated in a European sample of 3893 cases and 2829 diverticula-free controls and evaluated for risk contribution to diverticulitis and uncomplicated diverticulosis. Transcripts at top 20 replicating loci were analysed by real-time quatitative PCR in preparations of the mucosal, submucosal and muscular layer of colon. The localisation of expressed protein at selected loci was investigated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We discovered 48 risk loci, of which 12 are novel, with genome-wide significance and consistent OR in the replication sample. Nominal replication (p<0.05) was observed for 27 loci, and additional 8 in meta-analysis with a population-based cohort. The most significant novel risk variant rs9960286 is located near CTAGE1 with a p value of 2.3×10-10 and 0.002 (ORallelic=1.14 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.24)) in the replication analysis. Four loci showed stronger effects for diverticulitis, PHGR1 (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.56), FAM155A-2 (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.42), CALCB (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.33) and S100A10 (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.33). CONCLUSION In silico analyses point to diverticulosis primarily as a disorder of intestinal neuromuscular function and of impaired connective fibre support, while an additional diverticulitis risk might be conferred by epithelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Buch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Matthias C Reichert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Hofer
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Wolfgang Kruis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Pulmonology, Evangelic Hospital Köln-Kalk, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Tepel
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Myrko Zobel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Helios Hospital Weißeritztal, Freital, Germany
| | - Jonas Rosendahl
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ilka Vogel
- Department of Surgery, Community Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Petr Sergeev
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital Riesa, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans Boedeker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Volk
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Erk
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Greta Burmeister
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wolff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Pulmonology, Evangelic Hospital Köln-Kalk, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Andrew R Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, United Kingdom, Exeter, UK
| | - Jessica Tyrrell
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, United Kingdom, Exeter, UK
| | - Robin N Beaumont
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, United Kingdom, Exeter, UK
| | | | | | - Stefanie Brezina
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Huber-Schönauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - Leonora Pietsch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Laura Sophie Noack
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Herrmann
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Raghavan Veera Thangapandi
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Zeissig
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Palm
- Outpatient Center for Gastroenterology, Dippoldiswalde, Germany
| | - Gerd Focke
- Outpatient Center for Gastroenterology Dresden-Blasewitz, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Andreasson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter T Schmidt
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juergen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gernot Leeb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Oberpullendorf, Oberpullendorf, Austria
| | - Patrick Michl
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology & Popgen Biobank, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Limas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mauro D'Amato
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thilo Wedel
- Institute of Anatomy, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Datz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Oberndorf, Austria
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael N Weedon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, United Kingdom, Exeter, UK
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany
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20
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Xie Y, Perrino BA. Quantitative in situ proximity ligation assays examining protein interactions and phosphorylation during smooth muscle contractions. Anal Biochem 2019; 577:1-13. [PMID: 30981700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-based in situ proximity ligation assays (isPLA) have the potential to study protein phosphorylation and protein interactions with spatial resolution in intact tissues. However, the application of isPLA at the tissue level is limited by a lack of appropriate positive and negative controls and the difficulty in accounting for changes in tissue shape. Here we demonstrate a set of experimental and computational approaches using gastric fundus smooth muscles to improve the validity of quantitative isPLA. Appropriate positive and negative biological controls and PLA technical controls were selected to ensure experimental rigor. To account for changes in morphology between relaxed and contracted smooth muscles, target PLA spots were normalized to smooth muscle myosin light chain 20 PLA spots or the cellular cross-sectional areas. We describe the computational steps necessary to filter out false-positive improperly sized spots and set the thresholds for counting true positive PLA spots to quantify the PLA signals. We tested our approach by examining protein phosphorylation and protein interactions in smooth muscle myofilament Ca2+ sensitization pathways from resting and contracted gastric fundus smooth muscles. In conclusion, our tissue-level isPLA method enables unbiased quantitation of protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions in intact smooth muscle tissues, suggesting the potential for quantitative isPLA applications in other types of intact tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Xie
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, School of Medicine, MS 0352, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Brian A Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, School of Medicine, MS 0352, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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21
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Mondaca-Ruff D, Riquelme JA, Quiroga C, Norambuena-Soto I, Sanhueza-Olivares F, Villar-Fincheira P, Hernández-Díaz T, Cancino-Arenas N, San Martin A, García L, Lavandero S, Chiong M. Angiotensin II-Regulated Autophagy Is Required for Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Hypertrophy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1553. [PMID: 30804791 PMCID: PMC6371839 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a disease associated to increased plasma levels of angiotensin II (Ang II). Ang II can regulate proliferation, migration, ROS production and hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the mechanisms by which Ang II can affect VSMCs remain to be fully elucidated. In this context, autophagy, a process involved in self-digestion of proteins and organelles, has been described to regulate vascular remodeling. Therefore, we sought to investigate if Ang II regulates VSMC hypertrophy through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. To test this, we stimulated A7r5 cell line and primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells with Ang II 100 nM and measured autophagic markers at 24 h by Western blot. Autophagosomes were quantified by visualizing fluorescently labeled LC3 using confocal microscopy. The results showed that treatment with Ang II increases Beclin-1, Vps34, Atg-12-Atg5, Atg4 and Atg7 protein levels, Beclin-1 phosphorylation, as well as the number of autophagic vesicles, suggesting that this peptide induces autophagy by activating phagophore initiation and elongation. These findings were confirmed by the assessment of autophagic flux by co-administering Ang II together with chloroquine (30 μM). Pharmacological antagonism of the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) with losartan and RhoA/Rho Kinase inhibition prevented Ang II-induced autophagy. Moreover, Ang II-induced A7r5 hypertrophy, evaluated by α-SMA expression and cell size, was prevented upon autophagy inhibition. Taking together, our results suggest that the induction of autophagy by an AT1R/RhoA/Rho Kinase-dependent mechanism contributes to Ang II-induced hypertrophy in VSMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mondaca-Ruff
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime A Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Clara Quiroga
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Norambuena-Soto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Villar-Fincheira
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomás Hernández-Díaz
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Cancino-Arenas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra San Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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22
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Sung TS, Lu H, Sung J, Yeom JH, Perrino BA, Koh SD. The functional role of protease-activated receptors on contractile responses by activation of Ca 2+ sensitization pathways in simian colonic muscles. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G921-G931. [PMID: 30260688 PMCID: PMC6336947 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00255.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been known that activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs) affects gastrointestinal motility. In this study, we tested the effects of PAR agonists on electrical and contractile responses and Ca2+ sensitization pathways in simian colonic muscles. The Simian colonic muscle was initially hyperpolarized by PAR agonists. After the transient hyperpolarization, simian colonic muscle repolarized to the control resting membrane potential (RMP) without a delayed depolarization. Apamin significantly reduced the initial hyperpolarization, suggesting that activation of small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels is involved in the initial hyperpolarization. In contractile experiments, PAR agonists caused an initial relaxation followed by an increase in contractions. These delayed contractile responses were not matched with the electrical responses that showed no after depolarization of the RMP. To investigate the possible involvement of Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK) pathways in the PAR effects, muscle strips were treated with ROCK inhibitors, which significantly reduced the PAR agonist-induced contractions. Furthermore, PAR agonists increased MYPT1 phosphorylation, and ROCK inhibitors completely blocked MYPT1 phosphorylation. PAR agonists alone had no effect on CPI-17 phosphorylation. In the presence of apamin, PAR agonists significantly increased CPI-17 phosphorylation, which was blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors suggesting that Ca2+ influx is increased by apamin and is activating PKC. In conclusion, these studies show that PAR activators induce biphasic responses in simian colonic muscles. The initial inhibitory responses by PAR agonists are mainly mediated by activation of SK channels and delayed contractile responses are mainly mediated by the CPI-17 and ROCK Ca2+ sensitization pathways in simian colonic muscles. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the present study, we found that the contractile responses of simian colonic muscles to protease-activated receptor (PAR) agonists are different from the previously reported contractile responses of murine colonic muscles. Ca2+ sensitization pathways mediate the contractile responses of simian colonic muscles to PAR agonists without affecting the membrane potential. These findings emphasize novel mechanisms of PAR agonist-induced contractions possibly related to colonic dysmotility in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sik Sung
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Hongli Lu
- 2Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juno Sung
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Jong Hoon Yeom
- 3Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian A. Perrino
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
| | - Sang Don Koh
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
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23
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Involvement of inhibitor kappa B kinase 2 (IKK2) in the regulation of vascular tone. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1311-1319. [PMID: 29785049 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor kappa B kinase 2 (IKK2) plays an essential role in the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). Recently, it has been suggested that IKK2 acts as a myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and contributes to vasoconstriction in mouse aorta. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether IKK2 acts as a MLCK or regulates the activity of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP). Pressure myograph was used to measure vascular tone in rat mesenteric arteries. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to identify phosphorylation levels of MLC (ser19), MYPT1 (thr853 and thr696) and CPI-17 (thr38). SC-514 (IKK2 inhibitor, 50 μM) induced relaxation in the mesenteric arteries pre-contracted with 70 mM high K+ solution or U-46619 (thromboxane analog, 5 μM). The relaxation induced by SC-514 was increased in the arteries pre-contracted with U-46619 compared to arteries pre-contracted with 70 mM high K+ solution. U-46619-induced contraction was decreased by treatment of SC-514 in the presence of MLCK inhibitor, ML-7 (10 μM). In the absence of intracellular Ca2+, U-46619 still induced contraction, which was decreased by treatment of SC-514. Furthermore, phosphorylation levels of MLC (ser19) and MYPT1 (thr853) were decreased by treatment of SC-514. IKK2 is involved in the vascular contraction through regulation of MLCP activity by phosphorylating MYPT1 at thr853 in rat mesenteric arteries. These findings suggest IKK2 could be a new pharmacological target for specific therapies of various vascular diseases.
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24
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Lubomirov LT, Papadopoulos S, Filipova D, Baransi S, Todorović D, Lake P, Metzler D, Hilsdorf S, Schubert R, Schroeter MM, Pfitzer G. The involvement of phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) and MYPT1 isoform expression in NO/cGMP mediated differential vasoregulation of cerebral arteries compared to systemic arteries. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 224:e13079. [PMID: 29694711 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Constitutive release of NO blunts intrinsic and stimulated contractile activity in cerebral arteries (CA). Here, we explored whether phosphorylation and expression levels of the PKG-sensitive, leucine zipper positive (LZ+ ) splice variants of the regulatory subunit of myosin phosphatase (MYPT1) are involved and whether its expression is associated with higher cGMP sensitivity. METHODS Vascular contractility was investigated by wire myography. Phosphorylation of MYPT1 was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Constitutive phosphorylation of MYPT1-T696 and T853 was lower and that of S695 and S668 was higher in cerebral arteries from the circulus arteriosus (CA-w) than in femoral arteries (FA), while total MYPT1 expression was not different. In CA-w but not in FA, L-NAME lowered phosphorylation of S695/S668 and increased phosphorylation of T696/T853 and of MLC20 -S19, plus basal tone. The increase in basal tone was attenuated in CA-w and basilar arteries (BA) from heterozygous MYPT1-T696A/+ mice. Compared to FA, expression of the LZ+ -isoform was ~2-fold higher in CA-w coincident with a higher sensitivity to DEA-NONOate, cinaciguat and Y27632 in BA and 8-Br-cGMP (1 μmol/L) in pre-constricted (pCa 6.1) α-toxin permeabilized CAs. In contrast, 6-Bnz-cAMP (10 μmol/L) relaxed BA and FA similarly by ~80%. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that (i) regulation of the intrinsic contractile activity in CA involves phosphorylation of MYPT1 at T696 and S695/S668, (ii) the higher NO/cGMP/PKG sensitivity of CAs can be ascribed to the higher expression level of the LZ+ -MYPT1 isoform and (iii) relaxation by cAMP/PKA pathway is less dependent on the expression level of the LZ+ splice variants of MYPT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. T. Lubomirov
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - S. Papadopoulos
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - D. Filipova
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - S. Baransi
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - D. Todorović
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - P. Lake
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - D. Metzler
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - S. Hilsdorf
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - R. Schubert
- Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM); Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - M. M. Schroeter
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - G. Pfitzer
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
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25
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Lavenus S, Simard É, Besserer-Offroy É, Froehlich U, Leduc R, Grandbois M. Label-free cell signaling pathway deconvolution of angiotensin type 1 receptor reveals time-resolved G-protein activity and distinct AngII and AngIIIIV responses. Pharmacol Res 2018; 136:108-120. [PMID: 29959993 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor known for its role in numerous physiological processes and its implication in many vascular diseases. Its functions are mediated through G protein dependent and independent signaling pathways. AT1R has several endogenous peptidic agonists, all derived from angiotensinogen, as well as several synthetic ligands known to elicit biased signaling responses. Here, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used as a cell-based and label-free technique to quantify, in real time, the response of HEK293 cells stably expressing the human AT1R. The goal was to take advantage of the integrative nature of this assay to identify specific signaling pathways in the features of the response profiles generated by numerous endogenous and synthetic ligands of AT1R. First, we assessed the contributions of Gq, G12/13, Gi, Gβγ, ERK1/2 and β-arrestins pathways in the cellular responses measured by SPR where Gq, G12/Rho/ROCK together with β-arrestins and ERK1/2 were found to play significant roles. More specifically, we established a major role for G12 in the early events of the AT1R-dependent response, which was followed by a robust ERK1/2 component associated to the later phase of the signal. Interestingly, endogenous AT1R ligands (AngII, AngIII and AngIV) exhibited distinct responses signatures with a significant increase of the ERK1/2-like components for both AngIII and AngIV, which points toward possibly distinct physiological roles for the later. We also tested AT1R biased ligands, all of which affected both the early and later events. Our results support SPR-based integrative cellular assays as a powerful approach to delineate the contribution of specific signaling pathways for a given cell response and reveal response differences associated with ligands with distinct pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lavenus
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Élie Simard
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Élie Besserer-Offroy
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Ulrike Froehlich
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
| | - Michel Grandbois
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada.
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26
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Mochalov SV, Tarasova NV, Kudryashova TV, Gaynullina DK, Kalenchuk VU, Borovik AS, Vorotnikov AV, Tarasova OS, Schubert R. Higher Ca 2+ -sensitivity of arterial contraction in 1-week-old rats is due to a greater Rho-kinase activity. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 223:e13044. [PMID: 29383848 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM During early post-natal development, arterial contraction depends less on Ca2+ -signalling pathways but more on changes in Ca2+ -sensitivity compared to adult animals. Whether this difference is related to Rho-kinase, one of the major players affecting Ca2+ -sensitivity, is unknown for intact vessels. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that Rho-kinase critically contributes to the higher Ca2+ -sensitivity of contraction in intact arteries of 1-week-old rats. METHODS We studied 1-week-old, 4- to 5-week-old and 10- to 12-week-old rats performing isometric myography, Ca2+ -fluorimetry and Western blotting using intact saphenous arteries and arterial pressure measurements under urethane anaesthesia. RESULTS In 10- to 12-week-old rats, methoxamine (MX) produced vasoconstriction associated with an increase in [Ca2+ ]i and Ca2+ -sensitivity. In contrast, in 1-week-old rats these contractions were accompanied only by an increase in Ca2+ -sensitivity. All MX-induced effects were reduced by the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632; this reduction was complete only in 1-week-old rats. The Rho-kinase specific site Thr855 on MYPT1 was increasingly phosphorylated by MX in vessels of 1-week-old, but not 10- to 12-week-old rats; this effect was also inhibited completely by Y-27632. The Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil in a dose not affecting the pressor response to MX in 4- to 5-week-old rats reduced it considerably in 1-week-old rats. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the higher Ca2+ -sensitivity of arterial contraction in 1-week-old compared to 10- to 12-week-old rats is due to a greater Rho-kinase activity. Constitutively active Rho-kinase contributes to MX-induced contraction in 10- to 12-week-old rats. In 1-week-old rats, additional Rho-kinase activation is involved. This remodelling of the Rho-kinase pathway is associated with its increased contribution to adrenergic arterial pressure responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Mochalov
- Medical Faculty Mannheim; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM) and European Center of Angioscience (ECAS); Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov; Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
- ChemRar Research and Development Institute; Khimki Moscow Region Russia
| | - N. V. Tarasova
- Medical Faculty Mannheim; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM) and European Center of Angioscience (ECAS); Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov; Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
- Molecular Medicine Institute; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Moscow Russia
| | - T. V. Kudryashova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology; Cardiology Research Center; Moscow Russia
| | - D. K. Gaynullina
- Medical Faculty Mannheim; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM) and European Center of Angioscience (ECAS); Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov; Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
- Department of Physiology; Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow Russia
| | - V. U. Kalenchuk
- Faculty of Basic Medicine; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
| | - A. S. Borovik
- State Research Center of the Russian Federation - Institute for Biomedical Problems; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - A. V. Vorotnikov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology; Cardiology Research Center; Moscow Russia
- Medical Center; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
| | - O. S. Tarasova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov; Moscow State University; Moscow Russia
- State Research Center of the Russian Federation - Institute for Biomedical Problems; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - R. Schubert
- Medical Faculty Mannheim; Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM) and European Center of Angioscience (ECAS); Research Division Cardiovascular Physiology; Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
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27
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Gaynullina DK, Sofronova SI, Shvetsova AA, Selivanova EK, Sharova AP, Martyanov AA, Tarasova OS. Antenatal/early postnatal hypothyroidism increases the contribution of Rho-kinase to contractile responses of mesenteric and skeletal muscle arteries in adult rats. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:112-117. [PMID: 29795210 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal thyroid deficiency can increase Rho-kinase procontractile influence in arteries of 2-week-old progeny. Here we hypothesized that augmented role of Rho-kinase persists in arteries from adult progeny of hypothyroid rats. METHODS Dams were treated with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in drinking water (0.0007%) during pregnancy and 2 weeks postpartum; control (CON) females received PTU-free water. At the age of 10-12-weeks, serum T3/T4 levels did not differ between PTU and CON male offspring. Cutaneous (saphenous), mesenteric, and skeletal muscle (sural) arteries were studied by wire myography, qPCR, and Western blotting. RESULTS Saphenous arteries of PTU and CON groups showed similar responses to α1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine and were equally suppressed by Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632. Responses of mesenteric arteries also did not differ between PTU and CON, but the effects of Y27632 were more prominent in the PTU group. Sural arteries of PTU rats compared to CON demonstrated augmented responses to methoxamine, increased RhoA mRNA contents and higher levels of MYPT1 phosphorylation at Thr855. Intergroup differences in contractile responses and phospho-MYPT1-Thr855 were eliminated by Y27632. CONCLUSION Rho-kinase contribution to contractile responses of mesenteric and especially sural arteries is augmented in adult PTU rats. Therefore, maternal thyroid deficiency may have long-term detrimental consequences for vasculature in adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina K Gaynullina
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia. .,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia. .,Department of Physiology, Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianova str. 1, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Svetlana I Sofronova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Shvetsova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Ekaterina K Selivanova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Anna P Sharova
- Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Andrey A Martyanov
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Olga S Tarasova
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khoroshevskoe shosse 76 A, Moscow, 123007, Russia
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28
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Anjum I. Calcium sensitization mechanisms in detrusor smooth muscles. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:227-235. [PMID: 29306925 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The contraction of detrusor smooth muscles depends on the increase in intracellular calcium. The influx of calcium from the plasma membrane calcium channels and calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum give rise to intracellular calcium. Under the pathophysiological conditions, the increased sensitivity of regulatory and contractile proteins to calcium also plays an important role in maintaining the spontaneous detrusor smooth muscle activity. Many proteins have been identified to play a role in calcium sensitization. Both the protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho-kinase (ROCK) signaling pathways are responsible for the induction of calcium sensitization in the detrusor smooth muscles. The balance between the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) regulates the intracellular calcium-contractile force relationship. The inhibition of MLCP by PKC-mediated phosphatase inhibitor (CPI-17) and myosin phosphatase target subunit (MYPT-1) phosphorylation by both the PKC and ROCK are responsible for calcium sensitization in the detrusor smooth muscles. However, the ROCK pathway predominantly participates in the calcium sensitization induction under pathophysiological situations. Many kinases are well known nowadays to play a role in calcium sensitization. This review aims to enlighten the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of calcium sensitization with special reference to the PKC and ROCK pathways in the detrusor smooth muscles. It will also aid in the development of new pharmacological strategies to prevent and treat bladder diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Anjum
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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29
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Eto M, Kitazawa T. Diversity and plasticity in signaling pathways that regulate smooth muscle responsiveness: Paradigms and paradoxes for the myosin phosphatase, the master regulator of smooth muscle contraction. J Smooth Muscle Res 2018; 53:1-19. [PMID: 28260704 PMCID: PMC5364378 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.53.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of smooth muscle cells is their ability to adapt their functions to meet temporal and chronic fluctuations in their demands. These functions include force development and growth. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the functional plasticity of smooth muscles, the major constituent of organ walls, is fundamental to elucidating pathophysiological rationales of failures of organ functions. Also, the knowledge is expected to facilitate devising innovative strategies that more precisely monitor and normalize organ functions by targeting individual smooth muscles. Evidence has established a current paradigm that the myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) is a master regulator of smooth muscle responsiveness to stimuli. Cellular MLCP activity is negatively and positively regulated in response to G-protein activation and cAMP/cGMP production, respectively, through the MYPT1 regulatory subunit and an endogenous inhibitor protein named CPI-17. In this article we review the outcomes from two decade of research on the CPI-17 signaling and discuss emerging paradoxes in the view of signaling pathways regulating smooth muscle functions through MLCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Eto
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA19107, USA
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30
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Sakai H, Suto W, Kai Y, Chiba Y. Mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hyper-contractility of bronchial smooth muscle in allergic asthma. J Smooth Muscle Res 2018; 53:37-47. [PMID: 28484126 PMCID: PMC5411784 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.53.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation are key pathophysiological
features of asthma. Enhanced contraction of bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) is one
of the causes of the AHR. It is thus important for development of asthma therapy
to understand the change in the contractile signaling of airway smooth muscle
cells associated with the AHR. In addition to the Ca2+-mediated
phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), contractile agonists also enhance
MLC phosphorylation level, Ca2+-independently, by inactivating MLC
phosphatase (MLCP), called Ca2+ sensitization of contraction, in
smooth muscle cells including airways. To date, involvements of RhoA/ROCKs and
PKC/Ppp1r14a (also called as CPI-17) pathways in the Ca2+
sensitization have been identified. Our previous studies revealed that the
agonist-induced Ca2+ sensitization of contraction is markedly
augmented in BSMs of animal models of allergen-induced AHR. In BSMs of these
animal models, the expression of RhoA and CPI-17 proteins were significantly
increased, indicating that both the Ca2+ sensitizing pathways are
augmented. Interestingly, incubation of BSM cells with asthma-associated
cytokines, such as interleukin-13 (IL-13), IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α
(TNF-α), caused up-regulations of RhoA and CPI-17 in BSM cells of naive animals
and cultured human BSM cells. In addition to the transcription factors such as
STAT6 and NF-κB activated by these inflammatory cytokines, an involvement of
down-regulation of miR-133a, a microRNA that negatively regulates RhoA
translation, has also been suggested in the IL-13- and IL-17-induced
up-regulation of RhoA. Thus, the Ca2+ sensitizing pathways and the
cytokine-mediated signaling including microRNAs in BSMs might be potential
targets for treatment of allergic asthma, especially the AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University
| | - Wataru Suto
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences, Hoshi University
| | - Yuki Kai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences, Hoshi University
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31
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Li W, Sasse KC, Bayguinov Y, Ward SM, Perrino BA. Contractile Protein Expression and Phosphorylation and Contractility of Gastric Smooth Muscles from Obese Patients and Patients with Obesity and Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:8743874. [PMID: 29955616 PMCID: PMC6000859 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8743874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingested food is received, mixed, and ground into chyme by distinct gastric motility patterns. Diabetes impairs gastric muscle function, but the mechanisms underlying diabetes-induced gastric muscle dysfunction are unknown. Here, we compared the expression and phosphorylation of Ca2+ sensitization and contractile proteins in human gastric muscles from obese nondiabetic and diabetic patients. We also compared the spontaneous phasic contractions and the contractile responses evoked by electrical field stimulation of cholinergic motor neurons. Fundus and antrum muscles were obtained from sleeve gastrectomies and were used in in vitro myobath contractile studies and for capillary electrophoresis and immunodetection of γ-actin, CPI-17, pT38-CPI-17, MYPT1, pT853-MYPT1, pT696-MYPT1, myosin light chain (MYL9), pS19-MYL9, myosin light chain kinase (MYLK), protein phosphatase-1δ (PP1δ), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK2). In diabetic fundus muscles, MYLK, ROCK2, and PP1δ expression was unchanged; MYPT1 and CPI-17 expression was decreased; and the pT853/MYPT1 and pT38/CPI-17 ratios, but not the pT696/MYPT1 ratio, were increased. Although MYL9 expression was increased, the pS19/MYL9 ratio was unchanged in diabetic fundus muscles. In diabetic antrum muscles, MYLK and MYL9 expression was unchanged, but ROCK2, CPI-17, and PP1δ expression was decreased. The pT38/CPI-17 ratio was unchanged, while the pS19/MYL9, pT853/MYPT1, and pT696/MYPT1 ratios were decreased, consistent with the reduced ROCK2 expression. The frequencies of spontaneous phasic contractions from nondiabetic and diabetic gastric fundus and antrum muscles did not significantly differ from each other, regardless of age, sex, or diabetic status. The fold increases in the contractions of diabetic fundus and antrum muscles in response to increased frequencies of electrical field stimulation were significantly lower compared to nondiabetic fundus and antrum muscles. The altered contractile responses and the protein expression and phosphorylation in gastric muscles of obese patients with diabetes illustrate the importance of understanding how smooth muscle Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms contribute to gastric motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Kent C. Sasse
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Sasse Surgical Associates, Reno NV 89502, USA
- Renown Regional Medical Center, Reno, NV 89502, USA
| | - Yulia Bayguinov
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Sean M. Ward
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Brian A. Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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32
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Abstract
Traditionally, only the 3',5'-cyclic monophosphates of adenosine and guanosine (produced by adenylyl cyclase and guanylyl cyclase, respectively) are regarded as true "second messengers" in the vascular wall, despite the presence of other cyclic nucleotides in different tissues. Among these noncanonical cyclic nucleotides, inosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cIMP) is synthesized by soluble guanylyl cyclase in porcine coronary arteries in response to hypoxia, when the enzyme is activated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Its production is associated with augmentation of vascular contraction mediated by stimulation of Rho kinase. Based on these findings, cIMP appears to meet most, if not all, of the criteria required for it to be accepted as a "second messenger," at least in the vascular wall.
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33
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Gao N, Tsai MH, Chang AN, He W, Chen CP, Zhu M, Kamm KE, Stull JT. Physiological vs. pharmacological signalling to myosin phosphorylation in airway smooth muscle. J Physiol 2017; 595:6231-6247. [PMID: 28749013 PMCID: PMC5621497 DOI: 10.1113/jp274715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) is phosphorylated by Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase and dephosphorylated by myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP). Tracheal smooth muscle contains significant amounts of myosin binding subunit 85 (MBS85), another myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT) family member, in addition to MLCP regulatory subunit MYPT1. Concentration/temporal responses to carbachol demonstrated similar sensitivities for bovine tracheal force development and phosphorylation of RLC, MYPT1, MBS85 and paxillin. Electrical field stimulation releases ACh from nerves to increase RLC phosphorylation but not MYPT1 or MBS85 phosphorylation. Thus, nerve-mediated muscarinic responses in signalling modules acting on RLC phosphorylation are different from pharmacological responses with bath added agonist. The conditional knockout of MYPT1 or the knock-in mutation T853A in mice had no effect on muscarinic force responses in isolated tracheal tissues. MLCP activity may arise from functionally shared roles between MYPT1 and MBS85, resulting in minimal effects of MYPT1 knockout on contraction. ABSTRACT Ca2+ /calmodulin activation of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) initiates myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation for smooth muscle contraction with subsequent dephosphorylation for relaxation by myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) containing regulatory (MYPT1) and catalytic (PP1cδ) subunits. RLC phosphorylation-dependent force development is regulated by distinct signalling modules involving protein phosphorylations. We investigated responses to cholinergic agonist treatment vs. neurostimulation by electric field stimulation (EFS) in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Concentration/temporal responses to carbachol demonstrated tight coupling between force development and RLC phosphorylation but sensitivity differences in MLCK, MYPT1 T853, MYPT1 T696, myosin binding subunit 85 (MBS85), paxillin and CPI-17 (PKC-potentiated protein phosphatase 1 inhibitor protein of 17 kDa) phosphorylations. EFS increased force and phosphorylation of RLC, CPI-17 and MLCK. In the presence of the cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine, EFS led to an additional increase in phosphorylation of MYPT1 T853, MYPT1 T696, MBS85 and paxillin. Thus, there were distinct pharmacological vs. physiological responses in signalling modules acting on RLC phosphorylation and force responses, probably related to degenerate G protein signalling networks. Studies with genetically modified mice were performed. Expression of another MYPT1 family member, MBS85, was enriched in mouse, as well as bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Carbachol concentration/temporal-force responses were similar in trachea from MYPT1SM+/+ , MYPT1SM-/- and the knock-in mutant mice containing nonphosphorylatable MYPT1 T853A with no differences in RLC phosphorylation. Thus, MYPT1 T853 phosphorylation was not necessary for regulation of RLC phosphorylation in tonic airway smooth muscle. Furthermore, MLCP activity may arise from functionally shared roles between MYPT1 and MBS85, resulting in minimal effects of MYPT1 knockout on contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ming-Ho Tsai
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Present address: Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd, San Ming District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Audrey N Chang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Weiqi He
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Present address: Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cai-Ping Chen
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Present address: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Minsheng Zhu
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kristine E Kamm
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - James T Stull
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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34
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Lin S, Brozovich FV. MYPT1 isoforms expressed in HEK293T cells are differentially phosphorylated after GTPγS treatment. J Smooth Muscle Res 2017; 52:66-77. [PMID: 27725371 PMCID: PMC5321854 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.52.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonist stimulation of smooth muscle is known to activate RhoA/Rho kinase signaling, and
Rho kinase phosphorylates the myosin targeting subunit (MYPT1) of myosin light chain (MLC)
phosphatase at Thr696 and Thr853, which inhibits the activity of MLC phosphatase to
produce a Ca2+ independent increase in MLC phosphorylation and force (Ca2+ sensitization).
Alternative mRNA splicing produces four MYPT1 isoforms, which differ by the presence or
absence of a central insert (CI) and leucine zipper (LZ). This study was designed to
determine if Rho kinase differentially phosphorylates MYPT1 isoforms. In HEK293T cells
expressing each of the four MYPT1 isoforms, we could not detect a change in Thr853 MYPT1
phosphorylation following GTPγS treatment. However, there is differential phosphorylation
of MYPT1 isoforms at Thr696; GTPγS treatment increases MYPT1 phosphorylation for the
CI+LZ- and CI-LZ- MYPT1 isoforms, but not the CI+LZ+ or CI-LZ+ MYPT1 isoforms. These data
could suggest that in smooth muscle Rho kinase differentially phosphorylates MYPT1
isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lin
- Mayo Medical School, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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35
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Protein phosphatases 1 and 2A and their naturally occurring inhibitors: current topics in smooth muscle physiology and chemical biology. J Physiol Sci 2017; 68:1-17. [PMID: 28681362 PMCID: PMC5754374 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A) are the most ubiquitous and abundant serine/threonine phosphatases in eukaryotic cells. They play fundamental roles in the regulation of various cellular functions. This review focuses on recent advances in the functional studies of these enzymes in the field of smooth muscle physiology. Many naturally occurring protein phosphatase inhibitors with different relative PP1/PP2A affinities have been discovered and are widely used as powerful research tools. Current topics in the chemical biology of PP1/PP2A inhibitors are introduced and discussed, highlighting the identification of the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of calyculin A in a symbiont microorganism of a marine sponge.
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36
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Filter JJ, Williams BC, Eto M, Shalloway D, Goldberg ML. Unfair competition governs the interaction of pCPI-17 with myosin phosphatase (PP1-MYPT1). eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28387646 PMCID: PMC5441869 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The small phosphoprotein pCPI-17 inhibits myosin light-chain phosphatase (MLCP). Current models postulate that during muscle relaxation, phosphatases other than MLCP dephosphorylate and inactivate pCPI-17 to restore MLCP activity. We show here that such hypotheses are insufficient to account for the observed rapidity of pCPI-17 inactivation in mammalian smooth muscles. Instead, MLCP itself is the critical enzyme for pCPI-17 dephosphorylation. We call the mutual sequestration mechanism through which pCPI-17 and MLCP interact inhibition by unfair competition: MLCP protects pCPI-17 from other phosphatases, while pCPI-17 blocks other substrates from MLCP’s active site. MLCP dephosphorylates pCPI-17 at a slow rate that is, nonetheless, both sufficient and necessary to explain the speed of pCPI-17 dephosphorylation and the consequent MLCP activation during muscle relaxation. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24665.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Filter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Byron C Williams
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Masumi Eto
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - David Shalloway
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Michael L Goldberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
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37
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Yu X, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Schwarz BJ, Stallone JN, Heaps CL, Han G. Activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 induces coronary artery relaxation via Epac/Rap1-mediated inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway in parallel with PKA. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173085. [PMID: 28278256 PMCID: PMC5344336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that cAMP/PKA signaling is involved in GPER-mediated coronary relaxation by activating MLCP via inhibition of RhoA pathway. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that activation of GPER induces coronary artery relaxation via inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway by cAMP downstream targets, exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac) as well as PKA. Our results show that Epac inhibitors, brefeldin A (BFA, 50 μM), or ESI-09 (20 μM), or CE3F4 (100 μM), all partially inhibited porcine coronary artery relaxation response to the selective GPER agonist, G-1 (0.3–3 μM); while concurrent administration of BFA and PKI (5 μM), a PKA inhibitor, almost completely blocked the relaxation effect of G-1. The Epac specific agonist, 8-CPT-2Me-cAMP (007, 1–100 μM), induced a concentration-dependent relaxation response. Furthermore, the activity of Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) was up regulated by G-1 (1 μM) treatment of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs). Phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (p-VASP) was elevated by G-1 (1 μM) treatment, but not by 007 (50 μM); and the effect of G-1 on p-VASP was blocked by PKI, but not by ESI-09, an Epac antagonist. RhoA activity was similarly down regulated by G-1 and 007, whereas ESI-09 restored most of the reduced RhoA activity by G-1 treatment. Furthermore, G-1 decreased PGF2α-induced p-MYPT1, which was partially reversed with either ESI-09 or PKI; whereas, concurrent administration of ESI-09 and PKI totally prevented the inhibitory effect of G-1. The inhibitory effects of G-1 on p- MLC levels in CASMCs were mostly restored by either ESI-09 or PKI. These results demonstrate that activation of GPER induces coronary artery relaxation via concurrent inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase by Epac/Rap1 and PKA. GPER could be a potential drug target for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Benjamin J. Schwarz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - John N. Stallone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Women's Health Division, Michael E. DeBakey Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Cristine L. Heaps
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Guichun Han
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- Women's Health Division, Michael E. DeBakey Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jernigan NL, Resta TC, Gonzalez Bosc LV. Altered Redox Balance in the Development of Chronic Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:83-103. [PMID: 29047083 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Normally, the pulmonary circulation is maintained in a low-pressure, low-resistance state with little resting tone. Pulmonary arteries are thin-walled and rely heavily on pulmonary arterial distension and recruitment for reducing pulmonary vascular resistance when cardiac output is elevated. Under pathophysiological conditions, however, active vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling lead to enhanced pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent pulmonary hypertension (PH). Chronic hypoxia is a critical pathological factor associated with the development of PH resulting from airway obstruction (COPD, sleep apnea), diffusion impairment (interstitial lung disease), developmental lung abnormalities, or high altitude exposure (World Health Organization [WHO]; Group III). The rise in pulmonary vascular resistance increases right heart afterload causing right ventricular hypertrophy that can ultimately lead to right heart failure in patients with chronic lung disease. PH is typically characterized by diminished paracrine release of vasodilators, antimitogenic factors, and antithrombotic factors (e.g., nitric oxide and protacyclin) and enhanced production of vasoconstrictors and mitogenic factors (e.g., reactive oxygen species and endothelin-1) from the endothelium and lung parenchyma. In addition, phenotypic changes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), including alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis, Ca2+ sensitivity, and activation of transcription factors are thought to play prominent roles in the development of both vasoconstrictor and arterial remodeling components of hypoxia-associated PH. These changes in PASMC function are briefly reviewed in Sect. 1 and the influence of altered reactive oxygen species homeostasis on PASMC function discussed in Sects. 2-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L Jernigan
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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Rattan S. Ca2+/calmodulin/MLCK pathway initiates, and RhoA/ROCK maintains, the internal anal sphincter smooth muscle tone. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 312:G63-G66. [PMID: 27932502 PMCID: PMC5283903 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00370.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Rattan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Gündüz D, Tanislav C, Schlüter KD, Schulz R, Hamm C, Aslam M. Effect of ticagrelor on endothelial calcium signalling and barrier function. Thromb Haemost 2016; 117:371-381. [PMID: 27904901 DOI: 10.1160/th16-04-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The P2Y12 receptor is a Gi-coupled receptor whose activation inhibits adenylyl cyclase and thereby reduces the concentration of intracellular cAMP. Here the hypothesis was tested whether AR-C 66096 or ticagrelor, two direct-acting and reversibly binding P2Y12 receptor antagonists, protect endothelial cell (EC) barrier function by raising intracellular cAMP in ECs. The study was carried out on primary human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) and human pulmonary microvascular ECs (hPMECs). AR-C66096 (10 µM) induced a 50 % increase in cAMP in ECs whereas ticagrelor (2-10 µM) had no effect. Likewise, AR-C666096 antagonised thrombin-induced hyperpermeability in both HUVECs and hPMECs, but ticagrelor had no effect on basal EC monolayer permeability. Ticagrelor, however, sensitised ECs for thrombin-induced hyperpermeability and potentiated the thrombin effect. Ticagrelor but not AR-C66096 caused an increase in cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i). This increase in [Ca2+]i was abrogated by LaCl3 (Ca2+ influx inhibitor) but not by xestospongin C (IP3 receptor antagonist) or by depletion of intracellular stores with thapsigargin, suggesting a Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space. Accordingly, ticagrelor caused an increase in myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, an important regulator of EC contractile machinery and thus permeability, which was abrogated by LaCl3. The ability of ticagrelor to potentiate EC permeability was abrogated by a MLC kinase inhibitor (ML-7; 10 µM). Our data demonstrate that the P2Y12 receptor antagonist AR-C66096 exerts a protective effect on ECs in vitro, possibly by raising intracellular cAMP, whereas ticagrelor sensitises EC barrier function by inducing Ca2+ influx and activating downstream EC contractile machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Muhammad Aslam
- PD Dr. Muhammad Aslam, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Aulweg 129, 35392 Giessen, Germany, Tel.: +49 641 99 42248, Fax: +49 641 99 42259, E-mail:
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Farrell JS, Gaxiola-Valdez I, Wolff MD, David LS, Dika HI, Geeraert BL, Rachel Wang X, Singh S, Spanswick SC, Dunn JF, Antle MC, Federico P, Teskey GC. Postictal behavioural impairments are due to a severe prolonged hypoperfusion/hypoxia event that is COX-2 dependent. eLife 2016; 5:e19352. [PMID: 27874832 PMCID: PMC5154758 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are often followed by sensory, cognitive or motor impairments during the postictal phase that show striking similarity to transient hypoxic/ischemic attacks. Here we show that seizures result in a severe hypoxic attack confined to the postictal period. We measured brain oxygenation in localized areas from freely-moving rodents and discovered a severe hypoxic event (pO2 < 10 mmHg) after the termination of seizures. This event lasted over an hour, is mediated by hypoperfusion, generalizes to people with epilepsy, and is attenuated by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 or L-type calcium channels. Using inhibitors of these targets we separated the seizure from the resulting severe hypoxia and show that structure specific postictal memory and behavioral impairments are the consequence of this severe hypoperfusion/hypoxic event. Thus, epilepsy is much more than a disease hallmarked by seizures, since the occurrence of postictal hypoperfusion/hypoxia results in a separate set of neurological consequences that are currently not being treated and are preventable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan S Farrell
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ismael Gaxiola-Valdez
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Marshal D Wolff
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Laurence S David
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Haruna I Dika
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Bryce L Geeraert
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - X Rachel Wang
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Shaily Singh
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Simon C Spanswick
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeff F Dunn
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Michael C Antle
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Paolo Federico
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - G Campbell Teskey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Szasz T, Webb RC. Rho-Mancing to Sensitize Calcium Signaling for Contraction in the Vasculature: Role of Rho Kinase. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:303-322. [PMID: 28212799 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle contraction is an important physiological process contributing to cardiovascular homeostasis. The principal determinant of smooth muscle contraction is the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, and phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) by activated myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in response to increased Ca2+ is the main pathway by which vasoconstrictor stimuli induce crossbridge cycling of myosin and actin filaments. A secondary pathway for vascular smooth muscle contraction that is not directly dependent on Ca2+ concentration, but rather mediating Ca2+ sensitization, is the RhoA/Rho kinase pathway. In response to contractile stimuli, the small GTPase RhoA activates its downstream effector Rho kinase which, in turn, promotes contraction via myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) inhibition. RhoA/Rho kinase-mediated MLCP inhibition occurs mainly by phosphorylation and inhibition of MYPT1, the regulatory subunit of MLCP, or by CPI-17-mediated inhibition of the catalytic subunit of MLCP. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the pivotal role exerted by Rho kinase on vascular smooth muscle contraction and discuss the main regulatory pathways for its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Szasz
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
| | - R C Webb
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Hesperidin alleviates rat postoperative ileus through anti-inflammation and stimulation of Ca(2+)-dependent myosin phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1091-100. [PMID: 27345626 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Postoperative ileus (POI) is a postoperative dysmotility disorder of gastrointestinal tract, which remains one of the most perplexing problems in medicine. In the present study we investigated the effects of hesperidin, a major flavonoid in sweet oranges and lemons, on POI in rats. METHODS SD rats were administered hesperidin (5, 20, and 80 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ig) for 3 consecutive days. POI operation (gently manipulating the cecum for 1 min) was performed on d 2. The gastrointestinal motility and isolated intestinal contraction were examined 1 d after the operation. Then the myosin phosphorylation and inflammatory responses in cecum tissue were assessed. Smooth muscle cells were isolated from rat small intestine for in vitro experiments. RESULTS The gastric emptying and intestinal transit were significantly decreased in POI rats, which were reversed by administration of hesperidin. In ileum and cecum preparations of POI rats in vitro, hesperidin (2.5-160 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the spontaneous contraction amplitudes without affecting the contractile frequency, which was blocked by the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor ML-7 or verapamil, but not by TTX. Furthermore, administration of hesperidin increased the phosphorylation of MLC20 in the cecum tissue of POI rats. Moreover, administration of hesperidin reversed the increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and COX-2 in cecum tissue of POI rats. In freshly isolated intestinal smooth muscle cells, hesperidin (5-80 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration as well as the phosphorylation of MLC20, which was abrogated by ML-7 or siRNA that knocked down MLCK. CONCLUSION Oral administration of hesperidin effectively alleviates rat POI through inhibition of inflammatory responses and stimulation of Ca(2+)-dependent MLC phosphorylation.
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Trappanese DM, Sivilich S, Ets HK, Kako F, Autieri MV, Moreland RS. Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in vascular smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C921-30. [PMID: 27053523 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00311.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle contraction is primarily regulated by phosphorylation of myosin light chain. There are also modulatory pathways that control the final level of force development. We tested the hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase modulate vascular smooth muscle activity via effects on MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). Swine carotid arteries were mounted for isometric force recording and subjected to histamine stimulation in the presence and absence of inhibitors of PKC [bisindolylmaleimide-1 (Bis)], MAP kinase kinase (MEK) (U0126), and MKP-1 (sanguinarine) and flash frozen for measurement of MAP kinase, PKC-potentiated myosin phosphatase inhibitor 17 (CPI-17), and caldesmon phosphorylation levels. CPI-17 was phosphorylated in response to histamine and was inhibited in the presence of Bis. Caldesmon phosphorylation levels increased in response to histamine stimulation and were decreased in response to MEK inhibition but were not affected by the addition of Bis. Inhibition of PKC significantly increased p42 MAP kinase, but not p44 MAP kinase. Inhibition of MEK with U0126 inhibited both p42 and p44 MAP kinase activity. Inhibition of MKP-1 with sanguinarine blocked the Bis-dependent increase of MAP kinase activity. Sanguinarine alone increased MAP kinase activity due to its effects on MKP-1. Sanguinarine increased MKP-1 phosphorylation, which was inhibited by inhibition of MAP kinase. This suggests that MAP kinase has a negative feedback role in inhibiting MKP-1 activity. Therefore, PKC catalyzes MKP-1 phosphorylation, which is reversed by MAP kinase. Thus the fine tuning of vascular contraction is due to the concerted effort of PKC, MAP kinase, and MKP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Trappanese
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Sarah Sivilich
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hillevi K Ets
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Farah Kako
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Michael V Autieri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Robert S Moreland
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Perrino BA. Calcium Sensitization Mechanisms in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscles. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 22:213-25. [PMID: 26701920 PMCID: PMC4819859 DOI: 10.5056/jnm15186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in intracellular Ca2+ is the primary trigger of contraction of gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscles. However, increasing the Ca2+ sensitivity of the myofilaments by elevating myosin light chain phosphorylation also plays an essential role. Inhibiting myosin light chain phosphatase activity with protein kinase C-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor protein-17 kDa (CPI-17) and myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) phosphorylation is considered to be the primary mechanism underlying myofilament Ca2+ sensitization. The relative importance of Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms to the diverse patterns of GI motility is likely related to the varied functional roles of GI smooth muscles. Increases in CPI-17 and MYPT1 phosphorylation in response to agonist stimulation regulate myosin light chain phosphatase activity in phasic, tonic, and sphincteric GI smooth muscles. Recent evidence suggests that MYPT1 phosphorylation may also contribute to force generation by reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. The mechanisms responsible for maintaining constitutive CPI-17 and MYPT1 phosphorylation in GI smooth muscles are still largely unknown. The characteristics of the cell-types comprising the neuroeffector junction lead to fundamental differences between the effects of exogenous agonists and endogenous neurotransmitters on Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. The contribution of various cell-types within the tunica muscularis to the motor responses of GI organs to neurotransmission must be considered when determining the mechanisms by which Ca2+ sensitization pathways are activated. The signaling pathways regulating Ca2+ sensitization may provide novel therapeutic strategies for controlling GI motility. This article will provide an overview of the current understanding of the biochemical basis for the regulation of Ca2+ sensitization, while also discussing the functional importance to different smooth muscles of the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
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Xu W, Lu C, Zhang F, Shao J, Zheng S. Dihydroartemisinin restricts hepatic stellate cell contraction via an FXR-S1PR2-dependent mechanism. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:376-87. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
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Kumcu EK, Aydinoglu F, Astarci E, Ogulener N. The effect of sub-chronic systemic ethanol treatment on corpus cavernosal smooth muscle contraction: the contribution of RhoA/Rho-kinase. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 389:249-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kim H, Suh J, Lee Y, Lee T, Hong J. Modeling the contractile characteristics of smooth muscle from the porcine small intestine. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2015.1057614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Role of Telokin in Regulating Murine Gastric Fundus Smooth Muscle Tension. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134876. [PMID: 26258553 PMCID: PMC4530952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telokin phosphorylation by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase facilitates smooth muscle relaxation. In this study we examined the relaxation of gastric fundus smooth muscles from basal tone, or pre-contracted with KCl or carbachol (CCh), and the phosphorylation of telokin S13, myosin light chain (MLC) S19, MYPT1 T853, T696, and CPI-17 T38 in response to 8-Bromo-cGMP, the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or nitrergic neurotransmission. We compared MLC phosphorylation and the contraction and relaxation responses of gastric fundus smooth muscles from telokin-/- mice and their wild-type littermates to KCl or CCh, and 8-Bromo-cGMP, SNP, or nitrergic neurotransmission, respectively. We compared the relaxation responses and telokin phosphorylation of gastric fundus smooth muscles from wild-type mice and W/WV mice which lack ICC-IM, to 8-Bromo-cGMP, SNP, or nitrergic neurotransmission. We found that telokin S13 is basally phosphorylated and that 8-Bromo-cGMP and SNP increased basal telokin phosphorylation. In muscles pre-contracted with KCl or CCh, 8-Bromo-cGMP and SNP had no effect on CPI-17 or MYPT1 phosphorylation, but increased telokin phosphorylation and reduced MLC phosphorylation. In telokin-/- gastric fundus smooth muscles, basal tone and constitutive MLC S19 phosphorylation were increased. Pre-contracted telokin-/- gastric fundus smooth muscles have increased contractile responses to KCl, CCh, or cholinergic neurotransmission and reduced relaxation to 8-Bromo-cGMP, SNP, and nitrergic neurotransmission. However, basal telokin phosphorylation was not increased when muscles were stimulated with lower concentrations of SNP or when the muscles were stimulated by nitrergic neurotransmission. SNP, but not nitrergic neurotransmission, increased telokin Ser13 phosphorylation in both wild-type and W/WV gastric fundus smooth muscles. Our findings indicate that telokin may play a role in attenuating constitutive MLC phosphorylation and provide an additional mechanism to augment gastric fundus mechanical responses to inhibitory neurotransmission.
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Mills RD, Mita M, Walsh MP. A role for the Ca2+-dependent tyrosine kinase Pyk2 in tonic depolarization-induced vascular smooth muscle contraction. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2015; 36:479-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-015-9416-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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