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The Critical Role of Acyl Hydrocarbon Receptor on the Combined Benefits of Postbiotic Propionate on Active Vitamin D3-Orchestrated Innate Immunity in Salmonella Colitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010195. [PMID: 36672703 PMCID: PMC9855671 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent study observed the combined beneficial effects of postbiotic butyrate on active vitamin D3-orchestrated innate immunity to Salmonella Colitis. There is increasing interest in the role of acyl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) on colitis and innate immunity. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of AhR in the effects. Salmonella colitis model is conducted with 6-8 w/o male C57BL/6 mice: Streptomycin (20 mg/mouse p.o.)-pretreated C57BL/6 mice were mock infected with sterile PBS or infected orally with 1 × 108 CFU of an S. typhimurium wild-type strain SL1344 for 48 h. Before and after the colitis induction, mice were oral gavage with active vitamin D3 0.2 μg/25 g mice (VD3) and/or postbiotics propionate (PP), in the absence of the presence of intraperitoneal injection of AhR inhibitor for 4 and 7 days, respectively. We observed AhR inhibitor counteracted the synergistic effects of PP and VD3 on reducing the severity of Salmonella colitis and body weight loss in C57BL/6 mice, reducing the cecal inflammatory but enhancing antimicrobial peptide mRNAs expression, and reducing the bacterial translocation in liver/spleen, compared to single treatment. It suggests the involvement of AhR on the synergistic effects of postbiotics PP and VD3 on the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory responses in Salmonella colitis and the potential biological treatment of Salmonella colitis.
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2
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Muñoz A, Grant WB. Vitamin D and Cancer: An Historical Overview of the Epidemiology and Mechanisms. Nutrients 2022; 14:1448. [PMID: 35406059 PMCID: PMC9003337 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a narrative review of the evidence supporting vitamin D's anticancer actions. The first section reviews the findings from ecological studies of cancer with respect to indices of solar radiation, which found a reduced risk of incidence and mortality for approximately 23 types of cancer. Meta-analyses of observational studies reported the inverse correlations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with the incidence of 12 types of cancer. Case-control studies with a 25(OH)D concentration measured near the time of cancer diagnosis are stronger than nested case-control and cohort studies as long follow-up times reduce the correlations due to changes in 25(OH)D with time. There is no evidence that undiagnosed cancer reduces 25(OH)D concentrations unless the cancer is at a very advanced stage. Meta-analyses of cancer incidence with respect to dietary intake have had limited success due to the low amount of vitamin D in most diets. An analysis of 25(OH)D-cancer incidence rates suggests that achieving 80 ng/mL vs. 10 ng/mL would reduce cancer incidence rates by 70 ± 10%. Clinical trials have provided limited support for the UVB-vitamin D-cancer hypothesis due to poor design and execution. In recent decades, many experimental studies in cultured cells and animal models have described a wide range of anticancer effects of vitamin D compounds. This paper will review studies showing the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, dedifferentiation, and invasion together with the sensitization to proapoptotic agents. Moreover, 1,25-(OH)2D3 and other vitamin D receptor agonists modulate the biology of several types of stromal cells such as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells in a way that interferes the apparition of metastases. In sum, the available mechanistic data support the global protective action of vitamin D against several important types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERONC and IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
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3
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Aranguren-Abadía L, Yadetie F, Donald CE, Sørhus E, Myklatun LE, Zhang X, Lie KK, Perrichon P, Nakken CL, Durif C, Shema S, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB, Goksøyr A, Meier S, Karlsen OA. Photo-enhanced toxicity of crude oil on early developmental stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150697. [PMID: 34610396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photo-enhanced toxicity of crude oil is produced by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos were exposed to crude oil with and without UV radiation (290-400 nm) from 3 days post fertilization (dpf) until 6 dpf. Embryos from the co-exposure experiment were continually exposed to UV radiation until hatching at 11 dpf. Differences in body burden levels and cyp1a expression in cod embryos were observed between the exposure regimes. High doses of crude oil produced increased mortality in cod co-exposed embryos, as well as craniofacial malformations and heart deformities in larvae from both experiments. A higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways were revealed in the co-exposure experiment, indicating a photo-enhanced effect of crude oil toxicity. Our results provide mechanistic insights into crude oil and photo-enhanced crude oil toxicity, suggesting that UV radiation increases the toxicity of crude oil in early life stages of Atlantic cod.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai K Lie
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Caroline Durif
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | - Steven Shema
- Grótti ehf., Grundarstíg 4, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Howard I Browman
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway
| | | | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Tarasco M, Gavaia PJ, Bensimon-Brito A, Cardeira-da-Silva J, Ramkumar S, Cordelières FP, Günther S, Bebianno MJ, Stainier DYR, Cancela ML, Laizé V. New insights into benzo[⍺]pyrene osteotoxicity in zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112838. [PMID: 34607190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent and ubiquitous organic pollutants, such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[⍺]pyrene (BaP), represent a major threat to aquatic organisms and human health. Beside some well-documented adverse effects on the development and reproduction of aquatic organisms, BaP was recently shown to affect fish bone formation and skeletal development through mechanisms that remain poorly understood. In this work, zebrafish bone-related in vivo assays were used to evaluate the osteotoxic effects of BaP during bone development and regeneration. Acute exposure of zebrafish larvae to BaP from 3 to 6 days post-fertilization (dpf) induced a dose-dependent reduction of the opercular bone size and a depletion of osteocalcin-positive cells, indicating an effect on osteoblast maturation. Chronic exposure of zebrafish larvae to BaP from 3 to 30 dpf affected the development of the axial skeleton and increased the incidence and severity of skeletal deformities. In young adults, BaP affected the mineralization of newly formed fin rays and scales, and impaired fin ray patterning and scale shape, through mechanisms that involve an imbalanced bone remodeling. Gene expression analyses indicated that BaP induced the activation of xenobiotic and metabolic pathways, while negatively impacting extracellular matrix formation and organization. Interestingly, BaP exposure positively regulated inflammation markers in larvae and increased the recruitment of neutrophils. A direct interaction between neutrophils and bone extracellular matrix or bone forming cells was observed in vivo, suggesting a role for neutrophils in the mechanisms underlying BaP osteotoxicity. Our work provides novel data on the cellular and molecular players involved in BaP osteotoxicity and brings new insights into a possible role for neutrophils in inflammatory bone reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tarasco
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB) and Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Anabela Bensimon-Brito
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany; DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany; INSERM, ATIP-Avenir, Aix Marseille University, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - João Cardeira-da-Silva
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Srinath Ramkumar
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Department of Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabrice P Cordelières
- Bordeaux Imaging Center (BIC), UMS 3420 CNRS - Université de Bordeaux - US4 INSERM, Pôle d'imagerie photonique, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stefan Günther
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Maria J Bebianno
- Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB) and Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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Goksøyr SØ, Goldstone J, Lille-Langøy R, Lock EJ, Olsvik PA, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons modulate the activity of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) vitamin D receptor paralogs in vitro. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 238:105914. [PMID: 34304057 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the biological function of the steroid hormone calcitriol, which is the metabolically active version of vitamin D. Calcitriol is important for a wide array of physiological functions, including calcium and phosphate homeostasis. In contrast to mammals, which harbor one VDR encoding gene, teleosts possess two orthologous vdr genes encoding Vdr alpha (Vdra) and Vdr beta (Vdrb). Genome mining identified the vdra and vdrb paralogs in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) genome, which were further characterized regarding their phylogeny, tissue-specific expression, and transactivational properties induced by calcitriol. In addition, a selected set of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and 7-methylbenzo[a]pyrene, were assessed for their ability to modulate the transcriptional activity of gmVdra and gmVdrb in vitro. Both gmVdra and gmVdrb were activated by calcitriol with similar potencies, but gmVdra produced significantly higher maximal fold activation. Notably, none of the tested PAHs showed agonistic properties towards the Atlantic cod Vdrs. However, binary exposures of calcitriol together with phenanthrene, fluorene, or pyrene, antagonized the activation of gmVdra, while chrysene and BaP significantly potentiated the calcitriol-mediated activity of both receptors. Homology modeling, solvent mapping, and docking analyses complemented the experimental data, and revealed a putative secondary binding site in addition to the canonical ligand-binding pocket (LBP). Calcitriol was predicted to interact with both binding sites, whereas PAHs docked primarily to the LBP. Importantly, our in vitro data suggest that PAHs can interact with the paralogous gmVdrs and interfere with their transcriptional activities, and thus potentially modulate the vitamin D signaling pathway and contribute to adverse effects of crude oil and PAH exposures on cardiac development and bone deformities in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jed Goldstone
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | - Erik-Jan Lock
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway; Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pål A Olsvik
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
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Anderson G, Carbone A, Mazzoccoli G. Tryptophan Metabolites and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041597. [PMID: 33562472 PMCID: PMC7915649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of tryptophan is intimately associated with the differential regulation of diverse physiological processes, including in the regulation of responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that underpins the COVID-19 pandemic. Two important products of tryptophan metabolism, viz kynurenine and interleukin (IL)4-inducible1 (IL41)-driven indole 3 pyruvate (I3P), activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), thereby altering the nature of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. AhR activation dysregulates the initial pro-inflammatory cytokines production driven by neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, whilst AhR activation suppresses the endogenous antiviral responses of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells. Such immune responses become further dysregulated by the increased and prolonged pro-inflammatory cytokine suppression of pineal melatonin production coupled to increased gut dysbiosis and gut permeability. The suppression of pineal melatonin and gut microbiome-derived butyrate, coupled to an increase in circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) further dysregulates the immune response. The AhR mediates its effects via alterations in the regulation of mitochondrial function in immune cells. The increased risk of severe/fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection by high risk conditions, such as elderly age, obesity, and diabetes are mediated by these conditions having expression levels of melatonin, AhR, butyrate, and LPS that are closer to those driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This has a number of future research and treatment implications, including the utilization of melatonin and nutraceuticals that inhibit the AhR, including the polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PX, UK
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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7
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Kucukhuseyin O, Cakiris A, Hakan MT, Horozoglu C, Tuzun E, Yaylim I. Impact of calcitriol and an AKT inhibitor, AT7867, on survival of rat C6 glioma cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1912641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Kucukhuseyin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aris Cakiris
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tolgahan Hakan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Horozoglu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdem Tuzun
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Yaylim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the cytotoxicity of corannulene and its derivatives. Toxicol Lett 2019; 321:114-121. [PMID: 31830554 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on the toxicities of planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), very little is known about the toxicological profiles of non-planar PAHs. In the present study, the cytotoxicity of corannulene (COR), a typical bowl-shaped PAH with a myriad of applications in the area of material chemistry, and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a typical planar PAH with similar molecular weight, were systematically compared in various cell lines. Compared with BaP, exposure to COR resulted in less cytotoxic responses in both human (HepG2) and murine (Hepa1-6) hepatoma cells, which was characterized with a slower cellular accumulation as well as a weaker induction of cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1/Cyp1) isozymes. Knockdown of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by siRNA attenuated the inductive effect of COR on CYP1A/Cyp1a mRNA levels in these two cell lines. Further analysis revealed that derivatization greatly influenced the cytotoxicity of COR, which was positively correlated with their binding affinities to the AhR, as demonstrated by in silico molecular docking. Overall, these results suggest that AhR appears to be involved in the cytotoxic responses of COR and its derivatives, providing a fundamental understanding of the biological effects of bowl-like PAHs.
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9
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Li H, Li W, Wang Q. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 production through aryl hydrocarbon receptor/nuclear factor-κB signaling in oral epithelial cells. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:236. [PMID: 31684930 PMCID: PMC6829944 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antiinflammatory effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) has been reported in periodontitis, but the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Oral epithelial cells are recently highlighted as an important regulator of inflammation in this disease. This in vitro study was established to investigate the effect of 1,25D3 on key proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 production and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in oral epithelial cells upon the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from periodontal pathogens. Methods OKF6/TERT-2 oral keratinocytes were incubated with LPS and different concentrations of 1,25D3, and levels of IL-6 production were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), and activation of AhR was examined using western blot analysis, and phosphorylation of NF-κB was detected using cell-based protein phosphorylation ELISA. Results 1,25D3 inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 overexpression in OKF6/TERT-2 cells. Additionally, 1,25D3 increased VDR expression and AhR activation, and repressed NF-κB phosphorylation. Furthermore, 1,25D3 suppressed IL-6 expression and enhanced VDR expression and regulated AhR/NF-κB signaling activation in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h treatment. Conclusions These results suggest that 1,25D3 may inhibit LPS-induced IL-6 overexpression in human oral epithelial cells through AhR/NF-κB signaling. Our findings may provide an explanation for the antiinflammatory effect and therapeutic benefit of 1,25D3 in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 3rd Section S Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 3rd Section S Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, 24876 Taylor Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
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Li H, Zhong X, Li W, Wang Q. Effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on experimental periodontitis and AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in a mouse model. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180713. [PMID: 31691738 PMCID: PMC6831029 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has been known to have important regulatory functions in inflammation and immune response and shows inhibitory effects on experimental periodontitis in animal models. However, the potential mechanism has yet to be clarified. Recent studies have highlighted Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its downstream signaling as a crucial regulator of immune homeostasis and inflammatory regulation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) on experimental periodontitis and AhR/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/NLR pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway in the gingival epithelium in a murine model. METHODOLOGY We induced periodontitis in male C57BL/6 wild-type mice by oral inoculation of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), and subsequently gave intraperitoneal VD3 injection to the mice every other day for 8 weeks. Afterwards, we examined the alveolar bone using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and detected the gingival epithelial protein using western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS SEM images demonstrated that alveolar bone loss was reduced in the periodontitis mouse model after VD3 supplementation. Western blot analyses and immunohistochemical staining of the gingival epithelium showed that the expression of vitamin D receptor, AhR and its downstream cytochrome P450 1A1 were enhanced upon VD3 application. Additionally, VD3 decreased NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, and NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS These results implicate the alleviation of periodontitis and the alteration of AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by VD3 in the mouse model. The attenuation of this periodontal disease may correlate with the regulation of AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by VD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Guangxi Medical University, the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, China
| | - Xinghua Zhong
- Guangxi Medical University, the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, China
| | - Wei Li
- Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Sichuan University, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China
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11
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Pezeshki SMS, Asnafi AA, Khosravi A, Shahjahani M, Azizidoost S, Shahrabi S. Vitamin D and its receptor polymorphisms: New possible prognostic biomarkers in leukemias. Oncol Rev 2018; 12:366. [PMID: 30405894 PMCID: PMC6199555 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2018.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several factors such as chromosomal translocations, gene mutations, and polymorphisms are involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia/lymphoma. Recently, the role of vitamin D (VD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in hematologic malignancies has been considered. In this review, we examine the possible role of VD levels, as well as VDR polymorphisms as prognostic biomarkers in leukemia/lymphoma. Relevant English language literature were searched and retrieved from Google Scholar search engine (1985-2017). The following keywords were used: vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, leukemia, lymphoma, and polymorphism. Increased serum levels of VD in patients with leukemia are associated with a better prognosis. However, low VD levels are associated with a poor prognosis, and VDR polymorphisms in various leukemias can have prognostic value. VD biomarker can be regarded as a potential prognostic factor for a number of leukemias, including acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (CLL), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). There is a significant relationship between different polymorphisms of VDR (including Taq I and Fok I) with several leukemia types such as ALL and AML, which may have prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Pezeshki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Amin Asnafi
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Khosravi
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahjahani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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12
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Nakagawa M, Uno S, Iriyama N, Matsunawa M, Makishima M, Takeuchi J, Tsuboi I, Hatta Y, Takei M. Combined treatment with benzo[a]pyrene and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 induces expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in monocyte/macrophage-derived cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29524502 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an environmental pollutant found in cigarette smoke and is implicated as a causative agent of tobacco-related diseases, such as arteriosclerosis. In contrast, vitamin D signaling, which is principally mediated by conversion of vitamin D to the active form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], decreases cardiovascular disease risk. However, combined treatment with BaP and 1,25(OH)2D3 enhances BaP toxicity, including BaP-DNA adduct formation. We further investigated the cross-talk between BaP and 1,25(OH)2D3 signaling pathways, and found that combined treatment with these compounds induces mRNA and protein expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in monocyte/macrophage-derived THP-1 and U937 cells. Protein synthesis inhibitor treatment did not inhibit induction of the PAI-1 gene (SERPINE1) in these cells. BaP plus 1,25(OH)2D3 induced differentiation markers, inhibited cellular proliferation, and induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in these cells. Reactive oxygen species scavenger treatment suppressed apoptosis but not SERPINE1 induction in cells treated with BaP plus 1,25(OH)2D3. Thus, combined treatment with BaP and 1,25(OH)2D3 induced SERPINE1 mRNA expression in these cells through a mechanism that does not require de novo protein synthesis or reactive oxygen species production. These findings suggest that induction of the proinflammatory factor PAI-1 plays a role in BaP toxicity. Interestingly, PAI-1 knockdown decreased expression of the cell surface antigen CD14, a monocytic differentiation marker, in THP-1 cells treated with BaP plus 1,25(OH)2D3. PAI-1 induction may also be related to a function of monocytes/macrophages in response to xenobiotic and vitamin D signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Nakagawa
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Uno
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Iriyama
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Manabu Matsunawa
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
| | - Jin Takeuchi
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Isao Tsuboi
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hatta
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Masami Takei
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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Mescher M, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Modulation of CYP1A1 metabolism: From adverse health effects to chemoprevention and therapeutic options. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:71-87. [PMID: 29458109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 gene encodes a monooxygenase that metabolizes multiple exogenous and endogenous substrates. CYP1A1 has become infamous for its oxidative metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, converting these chemicals into very potent human carcinogens. CYP1A1 expression is mainly controlled by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor whose activation is induced by binding of persistent organic pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins. Accordingly, induction of CYP1A1 expression and activity serves as a biomarker of AHR activation and associated xenobiotic metabolism as well as toxicity in diverse animal species and humans. Determination of CYP1A1 activity is integrated into modern toxicological concepts and testing guidelines, emphasizing the tremendous importance of this enzyme for risk assessment and regulation of chemicals. Further, CYP1A1 serves as a molecular target for chemoprevention of chemical carcinogenesis, although present literature is controversial on whether its inhibition or induction exerts beneficial effects. Regarding therapeutic applications, first anti-cancer prodrugs are available, which require a metabolic activation by CYP1A1, and thus enable a specific elimination of CYP1A1-positive tumors. However, the application range of these drugs may be limited due to the frequently observed downregulation of CYP1A1 in various human cancers, probably leading to a reduced metabolism of endogenous AHR ligands and a sustained activation of AHR and associated tumor-promoting responses. We here summarize the current knowledge on CYP1A1 as a key player in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous substrates and as a promising target molecule for prevention and treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mescher
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Tang YM, Junaid M, Niu A, Deng S, Pei DS. Diverse toxicological risks of PAHs in surface water with an impounding level of 175m in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 580:1085-1096. [PMID: 27989471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impounding level of 175m for the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) is of vital importance for efficient flood control, power generation and convenient navigation in China. However, little is known about the spatial distribution and toxicological risks of major pollutants in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) at that stage. The aim of this study is to probe the ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination and toxicological impacts in the surface water of the TGRA at the highest water impoundment level of 175m. Our results showed that the ƩPAHs levels ranged from 83 to 1631ng/L in the upper reaches, 354 to 1159ng/L in the middle reaches, and 23 to 747ng/L in the lower reaches of the TGRA. Source apportionment of PAHs indicated that coal combustion, industrial emissions, heavy traffic, agriculture and shipping activities were the primary sources. Compositional pattern highlighted >85% dominancy of low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs in the reservoir. Risk assessment based on risk quotients (RQs) implied moderate to high ecological risks: the upper reaches>the middle reaches>the lower reaches. However, gene expression profiles portrayed contrary scenario because of the presence of relatively higher footprints of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs in the middle and the lower reaches, which was confirmed by Cox hazard proportional model. Moreover, the transgenic zebrafish Tg(cyp1a:gfp) induced by PAHs also expressed stronger fluorescent signals in the middle and lower reaches. Taken together, different approaches were employed to firstly reveal the real status of ecological toxicity of PAHs and explore the underlying mechanisms at the highest impounding level of 175m in the TGRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Tang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aping Niu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Shun Deng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
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15
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Abstract
Calcitroic acid was isolated and characterized almost four decades ago, but little is known about this important vitamin D metabolite. Four reported synthetic strategies to generate calcitroic acid are presented that highlight the scientific progress in the field of chemistry directed to vitamin D analog synthesis. The most recent synthesis described the generation of calcitroic acid with an overall yield of 12.8% in 13 steps. The endogenous formation of calcitroic acid has been demonstrated in perfused rat kidney using 24,25,26,27-tetranor-1,23(OH)2D3. Although, the majority of vitamin D metabolism is mediated by 24-hydoxylase (CYP24A1), it is not clear why the formation of calcitroic acid was not observed in the presence of recombinant CYP24A1 enzyme. Furthermore, it is not known if enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) can convert calcioic acid into calcitroic acid. In addition to the lack of research investigating the endogenous formation of calcitroic acid, the physiological role of calcitroic acid remains unknown. Only a few reports mentioned the biological activity of calcitroic acid in connection with the vitamin D receptor (VDR). When administered subcutaneously, calcitroic acid has anthracitic properties and elevates calcium blood levels when administered intravenously. In vitro, calcitroic acid at higher concentrations has been shown to bind VDR and induce gene transcription. However, these studies were not carried out in cells derived from target organs of calcitroic acid such as kidney, liver, and intestine. We can conclude that our current knowledge of calcitroic acid is limited, and more studies are needed to identify its physiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia B. Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, 3210 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Leggy A. Arnold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, 3210 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
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16
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Lau AJ, Politi R, Yang G, Chang TKH. Cell-based and in silico evidence against quercetin and structurally-related flavonols as activators of vitamin D receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 163:59-67. [PMID: 27041117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that quercetin is an activator of rat vitamin D receptor (rVDR). However, the conclusion was based on experiments performed without all the appropriate control groups, raising the possibility of a false-positive finding. Furthermore, distinct differences exist in the chemical structures of quercetin and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which is a prototypic agonist of VDR. Therefore, we investigated systematically whether quercetin and other flavonols are agonists of rVDR, mouse VDR (mVDR), or human VDR (hVDR). Quercetin, 3-hydroxyflavone, galangin, datiscetin, kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, myricetin, and syringetin did not activate rVDR, mVDR, or hVDR in HEK-293 and HepG2 cells transfected with the corresponding receptor expression plasmid and either the secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) or cytochrome P450 24A1 (CYP24A1) reporter plasmid, when compared to the respective empty vector control group transfected with one or the other reporter plasmid and treated with one of the flavonols. Control analysis indicated that lithocholic acid and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, but not rifampicin, activated rVDR, mVDR, and hVDR. As shown in transfected HEK293 and HepG2 cells, the flavonols did not influence hVDR ligand binding domain transactivation, steroid receptor coactivator-1 recruitment, or hVDR target gene expression (transient receptor potential cation channel 6 and CYP24A1) in hVDR-expressing Caco-2 or LS180 cells. The cumulative data from the cell-based experiments were corroborated by results obtained from molecular docking analysis. In conclusion, quercetin, 3-hydroxyflavone, galangin, datiscetin, kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, myricetin, and syringetin are not agonists of rVDR, mVDR, or hVDR, as judged by cell-based and in silico evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aik Jiang Lau
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Regina Politi
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Guixiang Yang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Thomas K H Chang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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17
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Ranjit S, Midde NM, Sinha N, Patters BJ, Rahman MA, Cory TJ, Rao PSS, Kumar S. Effect of Polyaryl Hydrocarbons on Cytotoxicity in Monocytic Cells: Potential Role of Cytochromes P450 and Oxidative Stress Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163827. [PMID: 27684561 PMCID: PMC5042547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), naphthalene (NPh), phenanthrene (Phe), benzo(a)antharacene (BeA), and benzo(b)fluoranthene (BeF) are known carcinogenic polyaryl hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in cigarette smoke. This study was designed to examine the relative effect of these constituents on the cytotoxicity of monocytic cells and the possible mechanism of PAH-mediated cytotoxicity. METHODS We examined the acute (6-24 hours) and chronic (7 days) effects of these PAHs on the expression of cytochromes P450 (CYPs), oxidative stress, and cytotoxicity. The treated cells were examined for mRNA and protein levels of CYPs (1A1 and 3A4) and antioxidants enzymes (AOEs) superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) and catalase. Further, we assessed the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-3 cleavage activity, and cell viability. We performed these experiments in U937 and/or primary monocytic cells. RESULTS Of the five PAHs tested, after chronic treatment only BaP (100 nM) showed a significant increase in the expression of CYP1A1, AOEs (SOD1 and catalase), ROS generation, caspase-3 cleavage activity, and cytotoxicity. However, acute treatment with BaP showed only an increase in the mRNA expression of CYP1A1. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that of the five PAHs tested, BaP is the major contributor to the toxic effect of PAHs in monocytic cells, which is likely to occur through CYP and oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ranjit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - Narasimha M. Midde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - Namita Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J. Patters
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - Mohammad A. Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - Theodore J. Cory
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
| | - P. S. S. Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Findley, 1000 N. Main Street, Findlay, OH, 45840, United States of America
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Hu M, Zhou T, Pearlman AP, Paton DL, Rohan LC. Comparative Expression Analysis of Cytochrome P450 1A1, Cytochrome P450 1B1 and Nuclear Receptors in the Female Genital and Colorectal Tissues of Human and Pigtailed Macaque. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2. [PMID: 29276805 PMCID: PMC5737814 DOI: 10.24947/2380-5552/2/1/120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript summarizes our recent progress in examine the CYP1A1 and
CYP1B1 as well as a number of nuclear receptors in the female genital and
colorectal tissues of human and pigtailed macaque. Understanding the nuclear
receptor mediated regulation of CYP1A1 and 1B1 expression in these tissues is
necessary for identifying cancer risk factors and developing CYP1A1/1B1-targeted
anti-cancer therapeutics. However, there is a lack of systematic and comparative
analysis of the expression profile of CYP1A1, 1B1 and NRs in the female genital
and colorectal tissues of human and clinically relevant animal models. The
current study aims to fill this gap. We found CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and a number of
nuclear receptors were expressed in the female genital and colorectal tissues of
human and macaque. However, the mRNA level and protein localization of these CYP
enzymes and NRs depended on the type of tissue examined. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and CYP1B1 activate hormonal and environmental
procarcinogens, and are associated with carcinogenesis in female genital and
colorectal tissues. Understanding the nuclear receptor (NR) mediated regulation
of CYP expression in these tissues is necessary for identifying cancer risk
factors and developing CYP1A1/1B1-targeted anti-cancer therapeutics. The study
aims to analyze the expression profile of CYP1A1, 1B1 and NRs in the female
genital and colorectal tissues of human and pigtailed macaques. We found that
compared to the liver, human CYP1A1 mRNA level in the genital and colorectal
tissues was significantly lower, while the CYP1B1 level was significantly
higher. CYP1A1 protein was mainly localized in the plasma membrane of the
uterine and endocervical epithelial cells. The CYP1B1 protein was concentrated
in the nucleus of genital and colorectal tissues. Fourteen NRs in the genital
tract and 12 NRs in colorectal tissue were expressed at levels similar to or
higher than the liver. The expression and localization of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and
NRs in macaque tissues were usually comparable to those of human tissues. In
addition, menopause did not significantly alter the ectocervical mRNA levels of
CYP1A1, CYP1B1, or NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minlu Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Dorothy L Paton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lisa C Rohan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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Interaction effect of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and CYP1A1, CYP1B1 polymorphisms on blood pressure in an elderly population. J Hypertens 2016; 33:69-76. [PMID: 25304467 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent worldwide, especially in the elderly. Considering the possibility of gene-environment contributions to disease development, we evaluated the influence of certain cytochrome P450 polymorphisms and vitamin D levels on blood pressure (BP). METHODS We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels [25(OH)D] and BP in 535 individuals over 60 years old and identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in lymphocyte DNA. Repeated measure analyses were used to determine the statistical association. RESULTS The relationship between 25(OH)D and SBP or DBP was inversely significant, and influence of several CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 SNPs on BP was found across different genotypes. Estimated effect of 25(OH)D levels on BP in the group with higher risky genotype scores of selected SNPs (rs4646421, rs2551188, and rs1056836) was greater (β = -2.841, P = 0.004 for SBP; β = -2.035, P = 0.001 for DBP) than the group with lower genotype score (β = -0.878, P = 0.347 for SBP; β = 0.037, P = 0.947 for DBP), and synergistic interaction between vitamin D levels and genotype variations was observed (P-interaction = 0.081 for SBP and 0.008 for DBP). When stratified by the hypertension medication status, interaction effect was found only in individuals taking medication (P-interaction = 0.004 for SBP and 0.001 for DBP). CONCLUSION Genetic variations in CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and the serum levels of 25(OH)D showed synergistic effect on BP, especially in individuals currently in treatment for hypertension.
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20
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Chirumbolo S. Comment to "Vitamin D Receptor Poly(A) Microsatellite Polymorphism and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Serum Levels: Association with Susceptibility to Breast Cancer". J Breast Cancer 2016; 18:409-10. [PMID: 26770250 PMCID: PMC4705095 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced genotoxicity on bone marrow cells from mice phenotypically selected for low acute inflammatory response. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016; 37:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Teske KA, Yu O, Arnold LA. Inhibitors for the Vitamin D Receptor-Coregulator Interaction. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2015; 100:45-82. [PMID: 26827948 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) belongs to the superfamily of nuclear receptors and is activated by the endogenous ligand 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The genomic effects mediated by VDR consist of the activation and repression of gene transcription, which includes the formation of multiprotein complexes with coregulator proteins. Coregulators bind many nuclear receptors and can be categorized according to their role as coactivators (gene activation) or corepressors (gene repression). Herein, different approaches to develop compounds that modulate the interaction between VDR and coregulators are summarized. This includes coregulator peptides that were identified by creating phage display libraries. Subsequent modification of these peptides including the introduction of a tether or nonhydrolyzable bonds resulted in the first direct VDR-coregulator inhibitors. Later, small molecules that inhibit VDR-coregulator inhibitors were identified using rational drug design and high-throughput screening. Early on, allosteric inhibition of VDR-coregulator interactions was achieved with VDR antagonists that change the conformation of VDR and modulate the interactions with coregulators. A detailed discussion of their dual agonist/antagonist effects is given as well as a summary of their biological effects in cell-based assays and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Teske
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery (MIDD), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Olivia Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery (MIDD), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Leggy A Arnold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery (MIDD), University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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Metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene by aortic subcellular fractions in the setting of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:383-91. [PMID: 26530167 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
As exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; a family of environmental toxicants) have been implicated in cardiovascular diseases, the ability of the aortic tissue to process these toxicants is important from the standpoint of abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis. Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a representative PAH compound is released into the environment from automobile exhausts, industrial emissions, and considerable intake of B(a)P is also expected in people who are smokers and barbecued red meat eaters. Therefore, knowledge of B(a)P metabolism in the cardiovascular system will be of importance in the management of vascular disorders. Toward this end, subcellular fractions (nuclear, cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal) were isolated from the aortic tissues of Apo E mice that received a 5 mg/kg/week of B(a)P for 42 days and 0.71 mg/kg/day for 60 days. The fractions were incubated with 1 and 3 μM B(a)P. Post incubation, samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. Microsomal B(a)P metabolism was greater than the rest of the fractions. The B(a)P metabolite levels generated by all the subcellular fractions showed a B(a)P exposure concentration-dependent increase for both the weekly and daily B(a)P treatment categories. The preponderance of B(a)P metabolites such as 7,8-dihydrodiol, 3,6-, and 6,12-dione metabolites are interesting due to their reported involvement in B(a)P-induced toxicity through oxidative stress.
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Yin K, You Y, Swier V, Tang L, Radwan MM, Pandya AN, Agrawal DK. Vitamin D Protects Against Atherosclerosis via Regulation of Cholesterol Efflux and Macrophage Polarization in Hypercholesterolemic Swine. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2432-42. [PMID: 26381871 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency and its association with the risk of cardiovascular disease prompted us to evaluate the effect of VD status on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic microswine. APPROACH AND RESULTS Yucatan microswine were fed with VD-deficient (0 IU/d), VD-sufficient (1000 IU/d), or VD-supplemented (3000 IU/d) high-cholesterol diet for 48 weeks. Serum lipids and 25(OH)-cholecalciferol levels were measured biweekly. Histology and biochemical parameters of liver and arteries were analyzed. Effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on cholesterol metabolism was examined in human hepatocyte carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and human monocytic cell line (THP-1) macrophage-derived foam cells. VD deficiency decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein levels, expression of liver X receptors, ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1, and ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter G1 and promoted cholesterol accumulation and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic microswine. VD promoted nascent high-density lipoprotein formation in HepG2 cells via ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Cytochrome P450 (CYP)27B1 and VD receptor were predominantly present in the CD206(+) M2 macrophage foam cell-accumulated cores in coronary artery plaques. 1,25(OH)2D3 increased the expression of liver X receptors, ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1, and ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter G1 and promoted cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. 1,25(OH)2D3 decreased intracellular free cholesterol and polarized macrophages to M2 phenotype with decreased expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 under lipopolysaccharide stimulation. 1,25(OH)2D3 markedly induced CYP27A1 expression via a VD receptor-dependent c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 signaling pathway and increased 27-hydroxycholesterol levels, which induced liver X receptors, ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A1, and ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter G1 expression and stimulated cholesterol efflux that was inhibited by VD receptor antagonist and JNK1/2 signaling inhibitor in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cell. CONCLUSIONS VD protects against atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic swine via controlling cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization via increased CYP27A1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yin
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Yong You
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Vicki Swier
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Lin Tang
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Mohamed M Radwan
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Amit N Pandya
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- From the Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE.
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Cázares-Ordoñez V, González-Duarte RJ, Díaz L, Ishizawa M, Uno S, Ortíz V, Ordoñez-Sánchez ML, Makishima M, Larrea F, Avila E. A cis-acting element in the promoter of human ether à go-go 1 potassium channel gene mediates repression by calcitriol in human cervical cancer cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:94-101. [PMID: 25495694 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ether à go-go 1 potassium channel (hEAG1) is required for cell cycle progression and proliferation of cancer cells. Inhibitors of hEAG1 activity and expression represent potential therapeutic drugs in cancer. Previously, we have shown that hEAG1 expression is downregulated by calcitriol in a variety of cancer cells. Herein, we provided evidence on the regulatory mechanism involved in such repressive effect in cells derived from human cervical cancer. Our results indicate that repression by calcitriol occurs at the transcriptional level and involves a functional negative vitamin D response element (nVDRE) E-box type in the hEAG1 promoter. The described mechanism in this work implies that a protein complex formed by the vitamin D receptor-interacting repressor, the vitamin D receptor, the retinoid X receptor, and the Williams syndrome transcription factor interact with the nVDRE in the hEAG1 promoter in the absence of ligand. Interestingly, all of these transcription factors except the vitamin D receptor-interacting repressor are displaced from hEAG1 promoter in the presence of calcitriol. Our results provide novel mechanistic insights into calcitriol mode of action in repressing hEAG1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cázares-Ordoñez
- a Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga # 15, Col. Sección XVI, México, D.F. 14000, México
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Wang H, Wang WJ. Relationship between CYP1A1 polymorphisms and invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 6:835-8. [PMID: 23870476 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms and the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. METHODS The CYP1A1 gene polymorphism (an T-C transversion at nucleotide position 3801) was detected by the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism in 80 cases with breast cancer and 60 samples of normal breast tissue. The difference in genotypic distribution frequency between the groups, the correlation between the genotypes and the factors related to prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence of homozygous and variant genotypes had no difference between the breast cancer group and controls group (P=0.746). The proportion of variant genotype increased as clinical stage (P=0.006) advanced, as well as with increased numbers of lymph node metastases (P=0.010). CONCLUSIONS In patients with breast cancer there is a correlation between the CYP1A1 CC allele and some factors indicating poor prognosis, including more lymph node metastases as well as a more advanced clinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Laboratory of Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Dietary supplementation with vitamin D stimulates intestinal epithelial cell turnover after massive small bowel resection in rats. Pediatr Surg Int 2013; 29:41-50. [PMID: 23114406 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-012-3205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While the endocrine action of the active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (VtD) has been well characterized in relation to the maintenance of plasma calcium and phosphate homeostasis through regulation of intestinal absorption, recent research has focused on its autocrine and/or paracrine activities. Such activities have been best characterized in intestine, where VtD regulates cell differentiation and maturation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of VtD on enterocyte turnover in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). METHODS Male rats were divided into four groups: sham rats underwent bowel transection, sham-VtD rats underwent bowel transection and were treated oral VtD, SBS rats underwent a 75 % bowel resection, and SBS-VtD rats underwent bowel resection and were treated with VtD. Parameters of intestinal adaptation, enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis were determined at sacrifice. Illumina's digital gene expression (DGE) analysis was used to determine VtD pathway-related gene expression profiling. VtD receptor (VDR) and its promoter, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were determined using real-time PCR. Western blotting was used to determine p-ERK, Bax and β-catenin protein levels. RESULTS From the total of 20,000 probes, 11 genes related to VtD signaling were investigated. Of these genes, five were found to be up-regulated in SBS versus sham animals with a relative change in gene expression level of 20 %, five remained unchanged, and one was down-regulated. VtD treatment in sham and SBS rats resulted in significant up-regulation of the VDR gene and its promoter's expression. SBS-VtD rats demonstrated a significant increase in all intestinal mucosal parameters compared to SBS animals. A significant increase in cell proliferation in SBS-VtD rats was accompanied by increased β-catenin protein levels. A significant decrease in cell apoptosis in this group was correlated with lower Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION In a rat model of SBS, dietary supplementation with VtD stimulates enterocyte turnover, which correlates with up-regulated VtD receptor expression in the remaining small intestine.
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