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Lin D, Wang S, Yang B, Li G. Ameliorative effect of Schisandrol B against Diosbulbin B-induced hepatotoxicity via inhibiting CYP3A4-mediated bioactivation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 492:117116. [PMID: 39357680 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Diosbulbin B (DBB), the major component isolated from herbal medicine Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DBL), can trigger severe hepatotoxicity. The previous studies demonstrated that DBB-induced hepatotoxicity is closely relevant to the bioactivation mediated by CYP3A4 and subsequent generation of adducts with cellular proteins. Schisandrol B (SchB), the primary lignan ingredient in herbal medicine Schisandra chinensis (SC), is able to inhibit CYP3A activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the protective effect of SchB against hepatotoxicity induced by DBB and to explore the underlying mechanism. Biochemical and histopathological analysis demonstrated that SchB exerted dose-dependent protective effect against DBB-induced hepatotoxicity. In vitro metabolism assay showed that the formation of pyrrole-glutathione (GSH) conjugates of DBB was inhibited by SchB in a concentration dependent manner, suggesting SchB inhibited the bioactivation of DBB in vitro. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that SchB enhanced Cmax and AUCs of DBB in mouse blood and liver, resulting in accelerating the accumulation of DBB in the circulation. In addition, pretreatment with SchB alleviated DBB-induced hepatic GSH depletion, obviously facilitated the excretion of DBB in urine, and reduced the urinary excretion of DBB-GSH conjugates, indicating that SchB affected absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of DBB by inhibiting the bioactivation of DBB in vivo. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated the amelioration of SchB against DBB-induced hepatotoxicity was correlated with the inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated bioactivation of DBB. Thus, the findings indicated that SchB may serve as a potential candidate drug for the treatment of DBB intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Bufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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2
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Zhao JQ, Sun Y, Yang LL, Long J, Jiang Y, Li HJ. New finding based on Comparative Toxicogenomics Database: Hepatic YY1 mediates drug-induced liver injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156102. [PMID: 39368342 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND YY1 plays a crucial part in the onset and progression of numerous liver diseases, yet the significant contribution of YY1 to drug-induced liver injury (DILI) appears to have been underestimated by researchers. PURPOSE To reveal the underlying role of YY1 in DILI. METHOD The compounds that interact with YY1 were queried in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), with the majority found to be hepatotoxic, which includes certain widely used drugs. Molecular docking and SPR characterized the robust binding of hepatotoxic compounds to YY1. The duty of YY1 in DILI was investigated in Diosbulbin B (DIOB), a recently identified hepatotoxic compound that tightly associates with YY1, and further validated on ANIT, LCA, APAP, and CDDP. Transcriptomic analysis disclosed the underlying mechanisms involved in DIOB-induced liver injury. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and cellular transfection techniques were employed to validate the specific mechanism. RESULTS Among the 94 compounds affecting YY1 expression in the CTD, 59 compounds exhibited hepatotoxicity, showing close interactions with YY1 and almost consistent binding sites by molecular docking. The SPR validated the tough binding of several hepatotoxic compounds to YY1, including five FDA-approved hepatotoxic drugs. Mechanistically, the involvement of YY1 in DILI was uncovered through the cholestasis lens, mice hepatic YY1 was up-regulated by hepatotoxic DIOB and transcriptionally inhibited FXR and its downstream BSEP and MRP2 expression, initiating early in cholestatic liver injury and persisting to drive the progression of cholestasis. ANIT and LCA-induced model of cholestasis provided evidence for the hypothesis that YY1 frequently mediates drug induced cholestasis (DIC). APAP and CDDP indicated that YY1 may also be involved in hepatocellular and mixed type DILI. CONCLUSION YY1 widely mediated the development of DIC and also might be engaged in other types of DILI. YY1 presented a common target for hepatotoxic medications and the targeting of liver YY1 for drug development may offer a novel approach for managing DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Quan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lu-Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Yang B, Liu J, Chang X, Lin D. Glycyrrhizin protects against diosbulbin B-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting the metabolic activation of diosbulbin B. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23549. [PMID: 37794747 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Diosbulbin B (DIOB), isolated from herbal medicine Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB), could induce severe liver injury, and its toxicology was closely associated with CYP3A4-mediated metabolic oxidation of furan moiety to the corresponding cis-enedial reactive metabolite. Glycyrrhizin (GL), the major bioactive ingredient in licorice, can inhibit the activity of CYP3A4. Thus, GL may ameliorate hepatotoxicity of DIOB when GL and DIOB are co-administrated. The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of GL on DIOB-induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. Biochemical and histopathological analysis demonstrated that GL alleviated DIOB-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro study with mouse liver microsomes (MLMs) demonstrated that GL reduced the formation of metabolic activation-derived pyrrole-glutathione (GSH) conjugates from DIOB. Toxicokinetic studies showed that the pretreatment with GL caused the increase of AUCs and Cmax of DIOB in blood of mice, resulting in accelerating the accumulation of DIOB in the circulation. In addition, the pretreatment with GL alleviated DIOB-induced hepatic GSH depletion. In summary, GL ameliorated DIOB-induced hepatotoxicity, possibly related to the inhibition of the metabolic activation of DIOB. Thus, development of a standardized combination of DIOB with GL may protect patients from DIOB-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Dongju Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Wang Y, Wang A, Zhao G, Liu S, Li K, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Glutathione conjugation and protein modification resulting from metabolic activation of pesticide metalaxyl in vitro and in vivo. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105606. [PMID: 37945228 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalaxyl (MTL), a germicidal agent, is widely used in agriculture. Due to the biological amplification effect, MTL entering the ecological environment would result in a threat to human health through the food chain. MTL is reportedly accumulated in liver. The objectives of the study included investigating the metabolic activation of MTL in liver and defining the mechanisms participating in the hepatotoxicity of MTL. The corresponding glutathione (GSH), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) conjugate, and cysteine conjugates were observed in liver microsomes, prepared from liver tissues of mice, containing MTL and GSH, NAC or cysteine. These conjugates were also detected in urine and bile of rats receiving MTL. Apparently, MTL was biotransformed to a quinone imine intermediate dose-dependently attacking the thiols and cysteine residues of protein. The bioactivation of MTL required cytochrome P450 enzymes, and CYP3A dominated the bio-activation of MTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Aixuan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
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Liu H, Hu Z, Han N, Yang Y, Zhao G, Su M, Zhang Y, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic activation and cytotoxicity of metaxalone mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes and sulfotransferases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110628. [PMID: 37442290 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Metaxalone (MTX) is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant used for the treatment of acute skeletal muscle pain. Several cases of fatal overdose deaths in the clinical use of MTX, along with the presence of ischemic hepatitis in deceased patients, have been documented. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic activation of MTX and to define the possible correlation between the metabolic activation and cytotoxicity of MTX. An oxidative metabolite (M1) and a GSH conjugate (M2) were observed in S9 fraction incubations as well as in rat primary hepatocyte culture after exposure to MTX. M1 and M2 were also observed in bile of MTX-treated rats. CYP2A6 was found to dominate the oxidation of MTX. Both methoxsalen (MTS, a CYP2A6 inhibitor) and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP, a sulfotransferase inhibitor) dramatically decreased the formation of M2. Pre-treatment of primary hepatocytes with DCNP or MTS significantly decreased the susceptibility to the cytotoxicity of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Zixia Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Ningning Han
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Mengdie Su
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
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6
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Lin D, Liu J, Chang X, Yang B, Gu X, Li W. Glycyrrhetinic acid ameliorates diosbulbin B-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by modulating metabolic activation of diosbulbin B. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1139-1147. [PMID: 36807597 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to diosbulbin B (DBB), the primary component of the herbal medicine Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB), can cause liver injury in humans and experimental animals. A previous study found DBB-induced hepatotoxicity was initiated by CYP3A4-mediated metabolic activation and subsequent formation of adducts with cellular proteins. The herbal medicine licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is frequently combined with DB used in numerous Chinese medicinal formulas in an effort to protect against DB-elicited hepatotoxicity. Importantly, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the major bioactive ingredient in licorice, inhibits CYP3A4 activity. The study aimed to investigate the protection of GA against DBB-induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. Biochemical and histopathological analysis showed GA alleviated DBB-induced liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro metabolism assay with mouse liver microsomes (MLMs) indicated that GA decreased the generation of metabolic activation-derived pyrrole-glutathione (GSH) conjugates from DBB. Toxicokinetic studies demonstrated that GA increased maximal serum concentration (Cmax ) and area under the serum-time curve (AUC) of DBB in mice. In addition, GA attenuated hepatic GSH depletion caused by DBB. Further mechanistic studies showed that GA reduced the production of DBB-derived pyrroline-protein adducts in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that GA exerted protective effect against DBB-induced hepatotoxicity, mainly correlated with suppressing the metabolic activation of DBB. Therefore, the development of a standardized combination of DBB with GA may protect patients from DBB-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaojin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Bufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaofei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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7
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Li K, Zhao G, Yang L, Gao X, Jia Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic activation and cytotoxicity of 4-Methylquinoline mediated by CYP3A4 and sulfotransferases in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113865. [PMID: 37268085 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
4-Methylquinoline (4-MQ) is a quinoline derivative widely present in groundwater and soil and has been reported to be genotoxic. The mechanisms of the toxic action remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the metabolic activation of 4-MQ and to determine the possible role of reactive metabolites in 4-MQ-induced liver injury in rats. In the present study, a hydroxylation metabolite (M1), a GSH conjugate (M2) and an NAC conjugate (M3) derived from 4-MQ were detected in vitro and in vivo. The structures of the two conjugates were verified by chemical synthesis, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. CYP3A4 was found to dominate the hydroxylation of 4-MQ. Sulfotransferases also participated in the metabolic activation of 4-MQ. Pretreatment of primary hepatocytes with ketoconazole (KTC) or 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP) not only reduced the production of GSH conjugate M2 but also decreased the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of 4-MQ. Urinary NAC conjugate M3 was found in rats given 4-MQ, and M3 may be a potential biomarker for 4-MQ exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Lan Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yudi Jia
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China.
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Zhao J, He J, Xu J. Mechanism-Based Inactivation of Cytochrome P450 3A by Evodol. Xenobiotica 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37092795 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2207200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
1. Evodol is one of the furanoids isolated from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa that has been widely prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of evodol on CYP3A.2. A 30-min preincubation of evodol with human liver microsomes raised an obvious left IC50 shift, 3.9-fold for midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and 3.2-fold for testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. Evodol inactivated CYP3A in a time-, concentration- and NADPH-dependent manner, with KI and kinact of 5.1 μM and 0.028 min-1 for midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and 3.0 μM and 0.022 min-1 for testosterone 6β-hydroxylation.3. Co-incubation of ketoconazole attenuated the inactivation while inclusion of glutathione (GSH) and catalase/superoxide dismutase displayed no such protection.4. cis-Butene-1, 4-dial (BDA) intermediate derived from evodol were trapped by glutathione and N-acetyl-lysine in microsomes and characterized by HR-MS spectra. The BDA intermediate was believed to play a key role in CYP3A inactivation. CYP3A4 and 2C9 were the primary enzymes contributing to the bioactivation of evodol.5. To sum up, for the first time evodol was characterized as a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Animal Experimental Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingyu He
- R&D Institute, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Nanjing 211122, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trial Research, Nanjing Gaoxin Hospital, Nanjing 210031, China
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9
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Wang A, Zhao Q, Liu M, Wang Y, Zhao G, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolic Activation of Tolterodine Mediated by CYP3A. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:479-491. [PMID: 36795936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Tolterodine (TOL) is an antimuscarinic drug used for the treatment of patients with overactive bladder presenting urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence. During the clinical use of TOL, adverse events such as liver injury took place. The present study aimed at the investigation of the metabolic activation of TOL possibly associated with its hepatotoxicity. One GSH conjugate, two NAC conjugates, and two cysteine conjugates were found in both mouse and human liver microsomal incubations supplemented with TOL, GSH/NAC/cysteine, and NADPH. The detected conjugates suggest the production of a quinone methide intermediate. The same GSH conjugate was also observed in mouse primary hepatocytes and in the bile of rats receiving TOL. One of the urinary NAC conjugates was observed in rats administered TOL. One of the cysteine conjugates was found in a digestion mixture containing hepatic proteins from animals administered TOL. The observed protein modification was dose-dependent. CYP3A primarily catalyzes the metabolic activation of TOL. Ketoconazole (KTC) pretreatment reduced the generation of the GSH conjugate in mouse liver and cultured primary hepatocytes after TOL treatment. In addition, KTC reduced the susceptibility of primary hepatocytes to TOL cytotoxicity. The quinone methide metabolite may be involved in TOL-induced hepatotoxicity and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixuan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Minglu Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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10
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Chen H, Liu C, Li M, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Jiang Q, Wang J, Wang Q, Zhuo Y. Ferulic acid prevents Diosbulbin B-induced liver injury by inhibiting covalent modifications on proteins. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023; 50:100507. [PMID: 37075616 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2023.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Diosbulbin B (DIOB) has been reported to cause serious liver injury. However, in traditional medicine, DIOB-containing herbs are highly safe in combination with ferulic acid (FA)-containing herbs, suggesting potential neutralizing effect of FA on the toxicity of DIOB. DIOB can be metabolized to generate reactive metabolites (RMs), which can covalently bind to proteins and lead to hepatoxicity. In the present study, the quantitative method was firstly established for investigating the correlation between DIOB RM-protein adducts (DRPAs) and hepatotoxicity. Then, we estimated the detoxication effect of FA in combination with DIOB and revealed the underlying mechanism. Our data indicated that the content of DRPAs positively correlate with the severity of hepatotoxicity. Meanwhile, FA is able to reduce the metabolic rate of DIOB in vitro. Moreover, FA suppressed the production of DRPAs and decreased the serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) levels elevated by DIOB in vivo. Thus, FA can ameliorate DIOB-induced liver injury through reducing the production of DRPAs.
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Yan C, Peng T, Zhang T, Wang Y, Li N, Wang K, Jiang X. Molecular mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by compounds occurring in Evodiae Fructus. Drug Metab Rev 2023; 55:75-93. [PMID: 36803497 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2180027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Evodiae Fructus (EF) is a common herbal medicine with thousands of years of medicinal history in China, which has been demonstrated with many promising pharmacological effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. However, there have been increasing reports of hepatotoxicity associated with EF consumption. Unfortunately, in a long term, many implicit constituents of EF as well as their toxic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recently, metabolic activation of hepatotoxic compounds of EF to generate reactive metabolites (RMs) has been implicated. Herein, we capture metabolic reactions relevant to hepatotoxicity of these compounds. Initially, catalyzed by the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s), the hepatotoxic compounds of EF are oxidized to generate RMs. Subsequently, the highly electrophilic RMs could react with nucleophilic groups contained in biomolecules, such as hepatic proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids to form conjugates and/or adducts, leading to a sequence of toxicological consequences. In addition, currently proposed biological pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, hepatic metabolism disorder, and cell apoptosis are represented. In short, this review updates the knowledge on the pathways of metabolic activation of seven hepatotoxic compounds of EF and provides considerable insights into the relevance of proposed molecular hepatotoxicity mechanisms from a biochemical standpoint, for the purpose of providing a theoretical guideline for the rational application of EF in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqin Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ting Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
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12
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Guan C, Zhao G, Sun C, Zhang M, Liu S, Jiang Z, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic Activation of Pesticide Isoprocarb Mediated by CYP3A4 and the Possible Correlation with Its Cytotoxicity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2390-2398. [PMID: 36706223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Isoprocarb (IPC), one of the most important carbamate pesticides, is used to control pests, such as rice planthoppers in crops. Studies have found that IPC induced hepatotoxicity in poultry chicken. However, the mechanisms of IPC-induced hepatotoxicity are unclear. The objectives of this study were to characterize reactive metabolites of IPC in vitro and in vivo, to identify cytochrome P450 enzymes for metabolic activation, and to define a possible correlation between the metabolic activation and cytotoxicity of IPC. In GSH- or NAC-supplemented microsomal incubations, one GSH conjugate (M6) and two NAC conjugates (M7 and M8) were detected after exposure to IPC. The corresponding GSH conjugate and NAC conjugates were found in the liver homogenates and urine of mice after IPC administration. IPC was found to be metabolized to a quinone intermediate reactive to GSH in vitro and in vivo. IPC was found to induce marked cytotoxicity in cultured mouse primary hepatocytes. Ketoconazole, a selective CYP3A4/5 enzyme inhibitor, attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to IPC cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Guan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chen Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ziying Jiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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13
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Zhao G, Ma Y, Wang X, Li W, Chen Y, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Configurational Alteration Results in Change in Hepatotoxicity of Asarone. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:884-894. [PMID: 36584355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Asarone (αA) and β-asarone (βA) are often used as flavoring agents for alcoholic beverages and food supplements. They possess a double bond in the side chain with different configurations. Double bonds are a class of alert chemical group, due to their metabolic epoxidation to the corresponding epoxides eliciting liver injury. Little is known about changes of configuration on metabolic activation and related toxicity. Here, we report the insight into the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity of asarone with different configurations. In vitro and in vivo comparative studies demonstrated βA displayed higher metabolic activation effectiveness. Apparently, the major metabolic pathway of βA underwent epoxidation at C-1' and C-2', while αA was mainly metabolized to the corresponding alcohol resulting from the hydroxylation of C-3'. CYP1A2 dominated the metabolism of αA and βA. The molecular simulation studies showed that the orientation of βA at the active site of CYP1A2 favored the epoxidation of βA over that of αA. These findings not only remind us that configuration is another important factor for toxicities but also facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms of toxic action of asarone. Additionally, these findings would benefit the risk assessment of αA and βA exposure from foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guode Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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14
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Pan H, Chen L, Zhai G, Luo Q, Fang C, Shi F. Feature MS fragments-based method for identification of toxic furanoids in biological samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 221:115035. [PMID: 36150298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous furan-containing compounds have been reported to be toxic. The toxicity may be attributed to the metabolic activation of the furan ring to cis-enediones. Identification of unknown furans that undergo bioactivation is challenging. Here, we present a novel approach that enables non-targeted profiling of bioactivation of unknown furanoids both in vitro and in vivo. Cyclic pyrrole-glutathione conjugate was the predominant product of cis-enediones with glutathione. The shared glutathione substructure of conjugates was capable of generating four constant and signature fragments under collision-induced dissociation (CID) in the mass spectrometer, including neutral loss fragments 103.0269 Da and 146.0691 Da and product ions at m/z 130.0499 and 177.0328. The unique structure and high abundance of conjugates in combination with the consistency and specificity of CID fragmentation brought extraordinarily high selectivity and reliability for the four fragments as a fingerprint of bioactivated furanoids. The bioactivated furanoids can be identified by screening the four fragments in high-resolution MS/MS datasets using the neutral loss filtering and diagnostic fragmentation filtering of data post-acquisition software MZmine. The simultaneous formation of four individual signal points in the filtering channel with the same precursor ion and retention time was assigned to be furanoids. The method has been rigorously validated. In the pooled urine samples from nine model furanoids-treated mice, nine cis-enediones from the parent furanoids and two from furanoid metabolites were accurately detected and identified. The method showed great performance in non-targeted profiling bioactivated furanoids and their metabolites in urine samples of herbal extract-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Guohong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fuguo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education & Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.
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15
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Tan R, Hu Z, Zhou M, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zou Y, Li K, Zhang S, Pan J, Peng Y, Li W, Zheng J. Diosbulbin B: An important component responsible for hepatotoxicity and protein covalent binding induced by Dioscorea bulbifera L. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154174. [PMID: 35660353 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DBL) is an herbal medicine used for the treatment of thyroid diseases and tumors in China. However, the hepatotoxicity of DBL limits its wide safe use. Diosbulbin B (DSB) is the most abundant diterpene lactone occurring in DBL. Numbers of studies showed that this furanoterpenoid plays an important role in DBL-induced liver injury and that DSB is metabolized to a cis-enedial intermediate which reacts with protein to form protein covalent binding and induces hepatotoxicity. PURPOSE The present study aimed to define the association of DSB content in DBL with the severity of DBL hepatotoxicity to ensure the safe use of the herbal medicine in clinical practice and to determine the role of DSB in DBL-induced liver injury. METHODS Chemical chromatographic fingerprints of DBL were established by UPLC-MS/MS. Their hepatotoxicity potencies were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Metabolic activation of DSB was evaluated by liver microsomal incubation. Protein modification was assessed by mass spectrometry and immunostaining. RESULTS The contents of DSB in DBL herbs collected from 11 locations in China varied dramatically with as much as 47-fold difference. The hepatotoxicity potencies of DBL herbs were found to be proportional to the contents of DSB. Intensified protein adduction derived from the reactive metabolite of DSB was observed in mice administered DBL with high contents of DSB. CONCLUSION The findings not only demonstrated that contents of DSB can be quite different depending on harvest location and special attention needs to pay for quality control of DBL but also suggest DSB is a key contributor for DBL-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, China
| | - Zixia Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Mengyue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Ying Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Kunna Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China; Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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16
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Hu Z, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Li W, Tan R, Zhao L, Tong X, Peng Y, Zheng J. Development of a mechanism-based biomarker for Dioscorea bulbifera L. exposure and hepatotoxicity in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154172. [PMID: 35609388 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DBL) is a common herbal medicine where furanoterpenoid diosbulbin B (DSB) is a major component responsible for its hepatotoxicity. The metabolic oxidation of the furan moiety of DSB, resulting in covalent binding to hepatic protein, is considered to initiate its liver injury. PURPOSE We aimed to develop a mechanism-based plasma protein adduction-based biomarker to determine DBL exposure and to predict the onset of hepatotoxicity induced by DBL. METHODS Rats were intragastrically treated with DBL extract, and the plasma samples were collected. Plasma ALT and AST were measured with commercial kits. Plasma protein modification was determined by immunoblot assay. Assessment of DSB-induced protein adduction was achieved by LC-MS/MS analysis of complete proteolytic digestion of adducted protein to pyrroline derivative A4 using pronase enzyme. The structure of the resulting pyrroline derivatives was confirmed by NMR. RESULTS Plasma protein of rats treated with DBL extract was covalently modified by the metabolite of DSB. Pyrroline derivative A4 was detected in proteolytic digestion of plasma obtained from rats administered DBL extract. The protein adduction elevated with the increase in the dosage of DBL extract. A detectable level of plasma was observed 10 days after withdrawal of DBL extract post 30-day continuous administration. In addition, the elevation trend of plasma ALT was found to be proportional to the accumulation trend of pyrroline derivative A4. CONCLUSION DSB-derived plasma protein adduction correlated well with the exposure of DBL in rats. The protein adduction may be used as a good biomarker for diagnosis of DBL-induced liver injury and a useful indicator for DBL medication plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixia Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yanjia Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Rong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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17
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Zhang M, Hu Y, Li W, Sun C, Guan C, Peng Y, Zheng J. In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolic Activation and Hepatotoxicity of Environmental Pollutant 2,6-Dimethylphenol. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1036-1044. [PMID: 35583464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2,6-Dimethylphenol (2,6-DMP) is an environmental pollutant found in industrial wastewater. Exposure to 2,6-DMP is of increasing concern as it endangered reportedly some aquatic animals. In this study, we investigated the metabolic activation and hepatotoxicity of 2,6-DMP. 2,6-DMP was metabolized to an o-quinone methide intermediate in vitro and in vivo. The electrophilic metabolite was reactive to the sulfhydryl groups of glutathione, N-acetyl cysteine, and cysteine. NADPH was required for the formation of the reactive metabolite. The quinone methide intermediate reacted with cysteine residues to form hepatic protein adduction. A single dose of 2,6-DMP induced marked elevation of serum ALT and AST in mice. Both the protein adduction and hepatotoxicity of 2,6-DMP showed dose dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yaodong Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chen Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chunjing Guan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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18
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Li J, Shi J, Jia C, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic Activation and Cytotoxicity of Propafenone Mediated by CYP2D6. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:829-839. [PMID: 35442037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Propafenone (PPF) is a class IC antidysrhythmic drug, which is commonly used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation and other supraventricular arrhythmias. It is also a β-adrenoceptor antagonist that can cause bradycardia and bronchospasm. Hepatotoxicity is one of the adverse reactions reported, with clinical manifestations including acute cholestasis and hepatocyte necrosis. However, the mechanism of PPF-induced hepatotoxicity remains unclear. The present study was conducted to identify reactive metabolite(s) to determine related metabolic pathways and define the possible association of the bioactivation with PPF cytotoxicity. An O-demethylation phase I metabolite (M1), a further position C5 hydroxylation (para-position of the benzene ring) metabolite (M2), glutathione (GSH) conjugates (M3 and M4), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) conjugates (M5 and M6) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations containing PPF and GSH or NAC as trapping agents. The corresponding GSH conjugates and NAC conjugates were found in the bile and urine of rats after PPF administration, respectively. The observed GSH and NAC conjugates indicate that a quinone metabolite was generated in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant P450 enzyme incubations showed that CYP2D6 was the principal enzyme catalyzing this metabolic activation. Quinidine, a selective inhibitor of CYP2D6, attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of PPF. The results suggest that PPF was metabolized to a p-quinone intermediate which may be involved in PPF-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaru Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Junzu Shi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Jia
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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19
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Tian M, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic Activation and Hepatotoxicity of Furan-containing Compounds. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:655-670. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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20
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Wang MR, He JY, He JX, Liu KK, Yang J. A Paal-Knorr agent for chemoproteomic profiling of targets of isoketals in cells. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14557-14563. [PMID: 34881007 PMCID: PMC8580055 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural systems produce various γ-dicarbonyl-bearing compounds that can covalently modify lysine in protein targets via the classic Paal-Knorr reaction. Among them is a unique class of lipid-derived electrophiles - isoketals that exhibit high chemical reactivity and critical biological functions. However, their target selectivity and profiles in complex proteomes remain unknown. Here we report a Paal-Knorr agent, 4-oxonon-8-ynal (herein termed ONAyne), for surveying the reactivity and selectivity of the γ-dicarbonyl warhead in biological systems. Using an unbiased open-search strategy, we demonstrated the lysine specificity of ONAyne on a proteome-wide scale and characterized six probe-derived modifications, including the initial pyrrole adduct and its oxidative products (i.e., lactam and hydroxylactam adducts), an enlactam adduct from dehydration of hydroxylactam, and two chemotypes formed in the presence of endogenous formaldehyde (i.e., fulvene and aldehyde adducts). Furthermore, combined with quantitative chemoproteomics in a competitive format, ONAyne permitted global, in situ, and site-specific profiling of targeted lysine residues of two specific isomers of isoketals, levuglandin (LG) D2 and E2. The functional analyses reveal that LG-derived adduction drives inhibition of malate dehydrogenase MDH2 and exhibits a crosstalk with two epigenetic marks on histone H2B in macrophages. Our approach should be broadly useful for target profiling of bioactive γ-dicarbonyls in diverse biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics 38 Life Sci. Park Road, Changping District Beijing 102206 China
| | - Jing-Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics 38 Life Sci. Park Road, Changping District Beijing 102206 China
| | - Ji-Xiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics 38 Life Sci. Park Road, Changping District Beijing 102206 China
| | - Ke-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics 38 Life Sci. Park Road, Changping District Beijing 102206 China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics 38 Life Sci. Park Road, Changping District Beijing 102206 China
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21
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Wang YK, Li WQ, Xia S, Guo L, Miao Y, Zhang BK. Metabolic Activation of the Toxic Natural Products From Herbal and Dietary Supplements Leading to Toxicities. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758468. [PMID: 34744736 PMCID: PMC8564355 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, herbal and dietary supplements have been widely applied to prevent and treat various diseases. However, the potential toxicities and adverse reactions of herbal and dietary supplements have been increasingly reported, and have gradually attracted widespread attention from clinical pharmacists and physicians. Metabolic activation of specific natural products from herbal and dietary supplements is mediated by hepatic cytochrome P450 or intestinal bacteria, and generates chemical reactive/toxic metabolites that bind to cellular reduced glutathione or macromolecules, and form reactive metabolites-glutathione/protein/DNA adducts, and these protein/DNA adducts can result in toxicities. The present review focuses on the relation between metabolic activation and toxicities of natural products, and provides updated, comprehensive and critical comment on the toxic mechanisms of reactive metabolites. The key inductive role of metabolic activation in toxicity is highlighted, and frequently toxic functional groups of toxic natural products were summarized. The biotransformation of drug cytochrome P450 or intestinal bacteria involved in metabolic activation were clarified, the reactive metabolites-protein adducts were selected as biomarkers for predicting toxicity. And finally, further perspectives between metabolic activation and toxicities of natural products from herbal and dietary supplements are discussed, to provide a reference for the reasonable and safe usage of herbal and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Qun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Kui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Xing Y, Xing H, Ma Y, Liu Q, Xu S. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Metabolic Activation of Marrubiin, a Bioactive Constituent from Marrubium Vulgare. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2157-2165. [PMID: 34431289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Marrubiin, a furanoid compound, is a well-known diterpenoid lactone isolated from Marrubium vulgare, which displays a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects and potential hepatotoxicity. Considering that marrubiin contains a structural alert, furan ring, metabolic activation may be one of the major metabolic pathways, and the reactive metabolite may be involved in the hepatotoxicity. The present study was carried out to investigate the bioactivation mechanism of marrubiin in rats and humans. Marrubiin was initially metabolized into cis-butene-1,4-dial intermediate, which was readily trapped by glutathione (GSH) and N-acetyl-lysine (NAL) in the microsomal incubations supplemented with NADPH. A total of nine conjugates were detected and identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. M1-M3 and M6 and M7 were characterized as mono-GSH conjugates, and M4 and M5 were identified as bis-GSH conjugates. M8 and M9 were identified as NAL conjugates. In rat bile, five GSH conjugates (M1-M3; M6 and M7) were detected. M1, M8, and M9 were chemically synthesized, and their structures were characterized by 13C NMR. Sulfaphenazole, ticlopidine, and ketoconazole displayed significant inhibitory effect on the bioactivation of marrubiin. Further phenotyping revealed that CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 were the primary enzymes catalyzing the bioactivation of marrubiin. The current study provides evidence for the CYP-dominated bioactivation of marrubiin to the corresponding cis-butene-1,4-dial intermediate, which enables us to better understand the potential side effects caused by marrubiin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtian Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Han Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Yongcheng Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Qingwang Liu
- Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui Province 230031, China
| | - Suyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Pharmacy of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
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23
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Lin Q, Guan H, Ma C, Chen L, Cao L, Liu H, Cheng X, Wang C. Biotransformation patterns of dictamnine in vitro/in vivo and its relative molecular mechanism of dictamnine-induced acute liver injury in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:103628. [PMID: 33652109 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dictamnine (DIC), a typical furan-quinoline alkaloid, has a wide range of pharmacological and toxicological effects, such as anti-bacterial, antifungal, anti-cancer, and hepatoxicity. But the molecular mechanism of DIC-induced hepatoxicity in mice remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the biotransformation patterns of DIC in vitro/in vivo and the relative molecular mechanism of DIC-induced hepatoxicity in mice. All metabolites of DIC were identified by comparing the blank and drug-containing urine, feces, plasma, and liver samples. The structure of epoxide intermediate derived from DIC was confirmed by trapping assay. Oxidative stress injury and inflammation have been confirmed to be involved in the toxicological process of DIC-induced hepatoxicity in mice by detecting the relative biochemical indexes. The results will help to develop a deeper understanding about the biotransformation patterns of DIC, structure of the epoxide intermediate, and the molecular mechanism of DIC-induced hepatoxicity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huida Guan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liangni Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lanlan Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hanze Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuemei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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24
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Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang N, Zhou S, Peng Y, Zheng J. Glutathione conjugation and protein modification resulting from metabolic activation of venlafaxine in vitro and in vivo. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1303-1317. [PMID: 34160341 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1946204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Venlafaxine (VLF), an antidepressant agent, is widely used to combat major depressive disorders, particularly for the treatment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant depression. VLF has been shown to cause liver injury. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic activation of VLF and explore the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by VLF.One glutathione (GSH) conjugate and one cysteine conjugate were both detected in mouse and human liver microsomal incubations containing VLF and GSH or cysteine. The two conjugates were also detected in cultured mouse primary hepatocytes and bile of rats after exposure to VLF. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that VLF was metabolized to a quinone methide intermediate reactive to GSH and cysteine residues of hepatic protein. The observed protein covalent binding revealed dose-dependency. The metabolic activation of VLF was P450-dependent, and CYP3A4 was found as the predominant enzyme involved in the bioactivation process.These findings facilitate better understanding of the metabolic activation-hepatotoxicity relationship of VLF and provide chemists with information about new potential structural alerts during drug design process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Shenzhi Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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25
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Tian M, Zhou S, Li W, Li J, Yang L, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic Activation of Aegeline Mediated by CYP2C19. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1217-1228. [PMID: 33892609 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1913666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1. Aegeline (AGL) is a natural alkaloidal amide mainly isolated from the leaves and fruits of tropical plant Aegle marmelos, with multiple pharmacological activities.2. As one component of several dietary supplements, AGL caused a series of acute and chronic liver injuries. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of AGL-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify reactive metabolite(s), to determine related metabolic pathways, and define the possible association of the bioactivation with AGL cytotoxicity.3. A demethylation metabolite (M1) and a GSH conjugate (M2) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations containing AGL and GSH. The two metabolites were both found in bile of rats and rat primary hepatocytes after AGL administration.4. Recombinant P450 enzyme incubations showed that CYP2C19 was the principal enzyme catalyzing this metabolic activation.5. Ticlopidine, a selective inhibitor of CYP2C19, decreased the formation of M1 and M2 in hepatocytes and attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of AGL. The results suggest that AGL was metabolized to a p-quinone methide intermediate which could in part participate in AGL-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tian
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Shenzhi Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiaru Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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26
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Cho H, Shen Q, Zhang LH, Okumura M, Kawakami A, Ambrose J, Sigoillot F, Miller HR, Gleim S, Cobos-Correa A, Wang Y, Piechon P, Roma G, Eggimann F, Moore C, Aspesi P, Mapa FA, Burks H, Ross NT, Krastel P, Hild M, Maimone TJ, Fisher DE, Nomura DK, Tallarico JA, Canham SM, Jenkins JL, Forrester WC. CYP27A1-dependent anti-melanoma activity of limonoid natural products targets mitochondrial metabolism. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1407-1419.e6. [PMID: 33794192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Three limonoid natural products with selective anti-proliferative activity against BRAF(V600E) and NRAS(Q61K)-mutation-dependent melanoma cell lines were identified. Differential transcriptome analysis revealed dependency of compound activity on expression of the mitochondrial cytochrome P450 oxidase CYP27A1, a transcriptional target of melanogenesis-associated transcription factor (MITF). We determined that CYP27A1 activity is necessary for the generation of a reactive metabolite that proceeds to inhibit cellular proliferation. A genome-wide small interfering RNA screen in combination with chemical proteomics experiments revealed gene-drug functional epistasis, suggesting that these compounds target mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibit tumor bioenergetics through a covalent mechanism. Our work suggests a strategy for melanoma-specific targeting by exploiting the expression of MITF target gene CYP27A1 and inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in BRAF mutant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyelim Cho
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qiong Shen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lydia H Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mikiko Okumura
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Akinori Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jessi Ambrose
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Frederic Sigoillot
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Howard R Miller
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Scott Gleim
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Amanda Cobos-Correa
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ying Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Piechon
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Eggimann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charles Moore
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Aspesi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Felipa A Mapa
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heather Burks
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nathan T Ross
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Philipp Krastel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Forum 1 Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Hild
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Thomas J Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David E Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John A Tallarico
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stephen M Canham
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Novartis-Berkeley Center for Proteomics and Chemistry Technologies, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jeremy L Jenkins
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - William C Forrester
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Yu Z, Chen Z, Li Q, Yang K, Huang Z, Wang W, Zhao S, Hu H. What dominates the changeable pharmacokinetics of natural sesquiterpene lactones and diterpene lactones: a review focusing on absorption and metabolism. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 53:122-140. [PMID: 33211987 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1853151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) and diterpene lactones (DTLs) are two groups of common phytochemicals with similar structures. It's frequently reported that both exhibit changeable pharmacokinetics (PK) in vivo, especially the unstable absorption and extensive metabolism. However, the recognition of their PK characteristics is still scattered. In this review, representative STLs (atractylenolides, alantolactone, costunolide, artemisinin, etc.) and DTLs (ginkgolides, andrographolide, diosbulbins, triptolide, etc.) as typical cases are discussed in detail. We show how the differences of treatment regimens and subjects alter the PK of STLs and DTLs, with emphasis on the effects from absorption and metabolism. These compounds tend to be quite permeable in intestinal epithelium, but gastrointestinal pH and efflux transporters (represented by P-glycoprotein) have great impact and result in the unstable absorption. As the only characteristic functional moiety, the metabolic behavior of lactone ring is not dominant. The α, β-unsaturated lactone moiety has the strongest metabolic activity. While with the increase of low-activity saturated lactone moieties, the metabolism is led by other groups more easily. The phase I (oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis reaction) and II metabolism (conjugation reaction) are both extensive. CYP450s, mainly CYP3A4, are largely involved in biotransformation. However, only UGTs (UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT2B4 and UGT2B7) has been mentioned in studies about phase II metabolic enzymes. Our work offers a beneficial reference for promoting the safety evaluation and maximizing the utilization of STLs and DTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zecheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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28
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Liu Y, Liu C, Liu Y, Ge Q, Sun C. Cytochrome P450 Mediated Bioactivation of Rutaevin, a Bioactive and Potentially Hepatotoxic Component of Evodia Rutaecarpa. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:3054-3064. [PMID: 33305580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Liu
- Department of Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Yantaishan Hospital, No. 91 Jiefang Road, Yantai 26400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Quanli Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantaishan Hospital, No. 91 Jiefang Road, Yantai 26400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yantai Municipal Government Hospital, No. 16 Yuhuangding West Road, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
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29
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Wang K, Rao J, Zhang T, Gao Q, Zhang J, Guang C, Ding L, Qiu F. Metabolic Activation and Covalent Protein Binding of Berberrubine: Insight into the Underlying Mechanism Related to Its Hepatotoxicity. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4423-4438. [PMID: 33122887 PMCID: PMC7588839 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s274627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Berberrubine (BRB), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a major constituent of medicinal plants Coptis chinensis Franch or Phellodendron chinense Schneid. BRB exhibits various pharmacological activities, whereas exposure to BRB may cause toxicity in experimental animals. Methods In this study, we thoroughly investigated the liver injury induced by BRB in mice and rats. To explore the underlying mechanism, a study of the metabolic activation of BRB was conducted. Furthermore, covalent modifications of cysteine residues of proteins were observed in liver homogenate samples of animals after exposure to BRB, by application of an exhaustive proteolytic digestion method. Results It was demonstrated that BRB-induced hepatotoxicities in a time- and dose-dependent manner, based on the biochemical parameters ALT and AST. H&E stained histopathological examination showed the occurrence of obvious edema in liver of mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of BRB at a single dose of 100 mg/kg. Slight hepatotoxicity was also observed in rats given the same doses of BRB after six weeks of gavage. As a result, four GSH adducts derived from reactive metabolites of BRB were detected in microsomal incubations with BRB fortified with GSH as a trapping agent. Moreover, four cys-based adducts derived from reaction of electrophilic metabolites of BBR with proteins were found in livers. Conclusion These results suggested that the formation of protein adducts originating from metabolic activation of BRB could be a crucial factor of the mechanism of BRB-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Rao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
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30
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Li H, Peng Y, Zheng J. Dioscorea bulbifera L.-induced hepatotoxicity and involvement of metabolic activation of furanoterpenoids. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 52:568-584. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1800724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang, China
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31
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Wu ZT, Li ZQ, Shi W, Wang LL, Jiang Y, Li P, Li HJ. The crucial role of metabolic regulation in differential hepatotoxicity induced by furanoids in Dioscorea bulbifera. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:57-69. [PMID: 31955824 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Diterpenoid lactones (DLs), a group of furan-containing compounds found in Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB), have been reported to be associated with hepatotoxicity. Different hepatotoxicities of these DLs have been observed in vitro, but reasonable explanations for the differential hepatotoxicity have not been provided. Herein, the present study aimed to confirm the potential factors that contribute to varied hepatotoxicity of four representative DLs (diosbulbins A, B, C, F). In vitro toxic effects were evaluated in various cell models and the interactions between DLs and CYP3A4 at the atomic level were simulated by molecular docking. Results showed that DLs exhibited varied cytotoxicities, and that CYP3A4 played a modulatory role in this process. Moreover, structural variation may cause different affinities between DLs and CYP3A4, which was positively correlated with the observation of cytotoxicity. In addition, analysis of the glutathione (GSH) conjugates indicated that reactive intermediates were formed by metabolic oxidation that occurred on the furan moiety of DLs, whereas, GSH consumption analysis reflected the consistency between the reactive metabolites and the hepatotoxicity. Collectively, our findings illustrated that the metabolic regulation played a crucial role in generating the varied hepatotoxicity of DLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhuo-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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32
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Zhang Z, Li H, Li W, Feng Y, Hu Z, Zhou S, Zhang N, Peng Y, Zheng J. Evidence for Polyamine, Biogenic Amine, and Amino Acid Adduction Resulting from Metabolic Activation of Diosbulbin B. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1761-1769. [PMID: 32515193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DBL), a traditional Chinese medicine, is a well-known herb with hepatotoxicity, and the biochemical mechanisms of the toxic action remain unknown. Diosbulbin B (DSB), a major component of DBL, can induce severer liver injury which requires cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation of the furan ring. It is reported that a cis-enedial reactive intermediate resulting from metabolic activation of DSB can react with thiols and amines to form pyrrole or pyrroline derivatives. In this study, we investigated the interaction of the reactive intermediate with polyamines, biogenic amines, and amino acids involved in the polyamine metabolic pathway, including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, histamine, arginine, ornithine, lysine, glutamine, and asparagine. Seven DSB-derived amine adducts were detected in microsomal incubations supplemented with DSB and individual amines. Six adducts were observed in cultured rat primary hepatocytes after exposure to DSB. DSB was found to induce apoptosis and cell death in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Apparently, the observed apoptosis was associated with the detected amine adduction. The findings facilitate the understanding of the mechanisms of toxic action of DSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hui Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yukun Feng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zixia Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shenzhi Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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33
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Zhou S, Li W, Tian M, Zhang N, Yang X, Li W, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolic Activation of Pirfenidone Mediated by Cytochrome P450s and Sulfotransferases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8059-8068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenzhi Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Min Tian
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution, Monitoring and Disease Control (J.Z.), Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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34
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Zhang L, Liu Q, Pan Y, Qi X, Li Y, Chen C, Sun J. Cytochrome P450 3A4-Mediated Bioactivation and Its Role in Nomilin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2208-2217. [PMID: 32633501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingwang Liu
- Institute of Heath and Medical Technology, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yajuan Pan
- Heart Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xianfang Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuanlong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ci Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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35
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Zhou H, Liu Q, Zhang J, Yao J, Wang C, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang L. Cytochrome P450-Mediated Bioactivation: Implication for the Liver Injury Induced by Fraxinellone, A Bioactive Constituent from Dictamni Cortex. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1960-1968. [PMID: 32484342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fraxinellone, a furanoid, is one of the bioactive and potentially hepatotoxic constituents from Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz, which is extensively spread throughout Asian countries. This herb was reported to cause liver injury in clinical application. However, the mechanism behind is still not fully understood. This study mainly focused on the hepatotoxicity of fraxinellone and the underlying mechanism. The current study demonstrated that fraxinellone resulted in a significant elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in a dose-dependent manner in mice after oral administration. Pretreatment with ketoconazole for three successive days could significantly alleviate the hepatotoxicity of fraxinellone. Considering that fraxinellone has a structural alert of furan ring, it is believed that the hepatotoxicity caused by fraxinellone required cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation. Bioactivation studies were subsequently carried out in vitro and in vivo. Fraxinellone was metabolized into cis-enedial intermediate, an electrophile that was prone to react with glutathione or N-acetyl-lysine through 1,2- or 1,4-addition to form stable conjugates. Ketoconazole significantly inhibited the formation of the glutathione conjugates (M1 and M2) in microsomal incubation and similar finding was obtained in vivo. Phenotyping study indicated that CYP3A4 was the principal enzyme responsible for the bioactivation of fraxinellone. This study suggested that CYP3A4-mediated bioactivation plays an indispensable role in fraxinellone-induced hepatotoxicity. The work performed herein enables us to better understand the hepatotoxicity of fraxinellone as well as the mechanism behind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingwang Liu
- Institute of Heath & Medical Technology, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jianning Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanle Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuexiu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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36
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Pei J, Xiao W, Zhu D, Ji X, Shi L, Deng X. Cytochrome P450 Enzyme-Mediated Bioactivation as an Underlying Mechanism of Columbin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:940-947. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Pei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, No. 293, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Danyan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaowei Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liping Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaozhao Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, No. 293, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing 210002, China
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37
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Ye ZG, Hou HP, Zhang GP, Li H, Chen TF, Gao YH, Song L, Zhang ZX. Mitochondria are main targets of time/dose-dependent oxidative damage-based hepatotoxicity caused by rhizoma dioscoreae bulbiferae in mice. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_72_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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38
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Lang SQ, Lang WH, Yu HY, Wang L. Metabolic activation of TM5441 in vitro and in vivo: Formation of reactive metabolites and human enzymes involved. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 143:105195. [PMID: 31852629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TM5441, a furan-containing drug, is an inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which can induce intrinsic apoptosis of human cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to identify the reactive metabolites of TM5441 and to reveal the bioactivation pathways that are associated with its hepatotoxicity. The reactive metabolites were trapped by using glutathione (GSH) or N-acetyl-lysine (NAL) in rat, dog, and human liver microsomal incubation system after exposure to TM5441. Two metabolic activation pathways were disclosed. The first bioactivation pathway was dominated by Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s); TM5441 was metabolized into cis-2-butene-1,4-dial derivative dependent on NADPH, which can be trapped in the liver microsomal incubations fortified with GSH or NAL as trapping agents. Five metabolites (M1, M2, M9, M12 and M13) associated with GSH and three metabolites (M4, M7 and M14) associated with NAL were identified by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The second bioactivation pathway was catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs); TM5441 was conjugated with glucuronide to form acyl-glucuronide (M10), which further reacted with GSH, resulting in the identification of a TM5441-S-acyl-GSH adduct (M11) in liver microsomal incubations fortified with uridine-5'-diphosphoglucuronidc acid (UDPGA) and GSH. M9, M10, M11, M12 and M13 were also detected in bile samples of rats given TM5441. Compared with rat, dog would display closer bioactivation profiles to human. The CYP450 enzyme responsible for the bioactivation of TM5441 was mainly identified as CYP3A4, using human recombinant CYP450 enzymes and specific inhibitory studies. The UGT enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of TM5441 mainly involved UGT2B7, 1A1 and 1A4. These results facilitate the understanding of the bioactivation of TM5441 and potential toxicological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Qin Lang
- Department of Outpatient, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Hua Lang
- Department of Spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yu
- Department of Radiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, Shandong Province, China.
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39
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Wen B, Gorycki P. Bioactivation of herbal constituents: mechanisms and toxicological relevance. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:453-497. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1655570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Peter Gorycki
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
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40
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An important mechanism of herb-induced hepatotoxicity: To produce RMs based on active functional groups-containing ingredients from phytomedicine by binding CYP450s. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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41
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Mao X, Zhao H, Wang Q, Li H, Yang L, Hu Z, Zhang F, Guo X, Peng Y, Zheng J. Metabolism-based herb-drug interaction of Corydalis Bungeanae Herba with berberine in vitro and in vivo in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4514. [PMID: 30790325 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Corynoline (CRL) and berberine (BER) are the major bioactive components found in traditional Chinese medicines Corydalis Bungeanae Herba (Corydalis bungeanae) and Coptidis Rhizoma, respectively. The two herbs serve as anti-inflammatory agents and are generally applied to many prescriptions. The aims of the study were to evaluate herb-drug interaction of C. bungeanae with BER and to investigate the mechanisms of the interaction action. Pre-treatment of BER caused reduction of plasma CRL in rats with increased formation of its three oxidative metabolites (M1-M3). Compared with the vehicle-treated group, the peak concentration and area under the concentration-time curve of CRL decreased by ~60% (given CRL) and ~50% (given extracts) in rats pre-treated with BER, respectively, along with 130 and 100% increases in apparent clearance. More M1-M3 were formed in liver microsomes of rats pretreated with BER (7 days) than in those pretreated with vehicle. Additionally, elevated activities of rCYPs2D2 and 1A2 (CYPs2D6 and 1A2) were observed in the BER-induced group. Up-regulated expression of hepatic rCYP2D2 (CYP2D6) was found in animals after 7 days of treatment of BER. The study illustrated that C. Bungeanae and BER produced metabolic herb-drug interaction and provided important information that combination of C. bungeanae with BER-containing herbal medicines may encounter the risk of decreased efficacy of CRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Mao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zixia Hu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiucai Guo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province and Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. China
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42
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Li H, Zhang Z, Yang X, Mao X, Wang Y, Wang J, Peng Y, Zheng J. Electron Deficiency of Nitro Group Determines Hepatic Cytotoxicity of Nitrofurantoin. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:681-690. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xu Mao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P. R. China
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43
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Wang X, Xin X, Sun Y, Zou L, Li H, Zhao Y, Li R, Peng Y, Zheng J. Chemical Reactivity of Aloe-Emodin and Its Hydroxylation Metabolites to Thiols. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:234-244. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Lizhu Zou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ruihong Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
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44
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Long-term diosbulbin B treatment induced liver fibrosis in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 298:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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45
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Lin D, Li W, Tian X, Peng Y, Zheng J. In Vitro DNA Adduction Resulting from Metabolic Activation of Diosbulbin B and 8-Epidiosbulbin E Acetate. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 32:38-48. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xutong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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46
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Yang R, Wei M, Yang F, Sheng Y, Ji L. Diosbulbin B induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in hepatocytes by miRNA-186-3p and miRNA-378a-5p-mediated the decreased expression of CDK1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yang QJ, Chen L, Chen LL, Guo C. Acute and chronic liver injury induced by Chinese patent medicine: Causes and precautions. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:1273-1279. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i21.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese patent medicines are popular due to their definite clinical efficacy, reliable quality, and good safety. However, Chinese medicine and its preparations are one of the main causes of drug induced liver damage. The hepatotoxic ingredients of Chinese patent medicines and the irrational application of Chinese patent medicines are the two main reasons for their hepatotoxicity. However, there are no systematic studies on the causes, types, and preventive measures for liver injury caused by Chinese patent medicines. This article aims to briefly review the causes and preventive measures of acute and chronic liver injury caused by Chinese patent medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lin-Lin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China
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Qin X, Peng Y, Zheng J. In Vitro and in Vivo Studies of the Electrophilicity of Physcion and its Oxidative Metabolites. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:340-349. [PMID: 29667811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Physcion (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione) is a bioactive component found in Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR), which has been widely used as traditional Chinese medicine. Unfortunately, studies showed hepatotoxicity of PMR during its clinical use. The mechanisms of its toxic action remain unknown. The major objectives of this study were to characterize oxidative metabolites of physcion in vitro and in vivo and to determine the electrophilicity of the parent compound and its oxidative metabolites. Five oxidative metabolites (M1-M5) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations after exposure to physcion, and the formation of the metabolites was NADPH dependent. M1-M4 were monohydroxylation metabolites, and M5 was O-demethylation metabolite. A total of three N-acetylcysteine (NAC) conjugates (M6-M8) were observed in rat liver microsomes fortified with NAC as a trapping agent. M6 was derived from M4 conjugated with a molecule of NAC; M7 and M8 originated from parent compound physcion adducted with a molecule of NAC, respectively. M1-M8 were also observed in urine of rats given physcion. HLM incubations produced four oxidative metabolites and two NAC conjugates. The structures of M3, M7, and M8 were characterized by LC-Q-TOF MS and NMR. Recombinant P450 enzyme incubations demonstrated that CYPs2C19, 1A2, 2B6, and 3A4 were mainly involved in hydroxylation of physcion. The metabolism study assisted us to better understand the mechanisms of physcion-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Qin
- Wuya College of Innovation , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , Liaoning 110016 , P.R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , Liaoning 110016 , P.R. China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , Liaoning 110016 , P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang , Guizhou 550025 , P.R. China
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Sun Y, Xin X, Zhang K, Cui T, Peng Y, Zheng J. Cytochrome P450 mediated metabolic activation of chrysophanol. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:57-67. [PMID: 29698620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Chrysophanol, a major anthraquinone component occurring in many traditional Chinese herbs, is accepted as important active component with various pharmacological actions such as antibacterial and anticancer activity. Previous studies demonstrated that exposure to chrysophanol induced cytotoxicity, but the mechanisms of the toxic effects remain unknown. In the present metabolism study, three oxidative metabolites (M1-M3, aloe-emodine, 7-hydroxychrysophanol, and 2-hydroxychrysophanol) and five GSH conjugates (M4-M8) were detected in rat and human liver microsomal incubations of chrysophanol supplemented with GSH, and the formation of the metabolites was NADPH dependent except M4 and M5. M4 and M5 were directly derived from parent compound chrysophanol, M6 arose from M2, and M7 and M8 resulted from the oxidation of M4 and M5. Metabolites M5 and M6 were also observed in bile of rats after exposure to chrysophanol, M1-M3 and one NAC conjugate (M9) were detected in urine of rats administrated chrysophanol, and urinary metabolite M9 originated from the degradation of biliary GSH conjugation M6. Recombinant P450 enzyme incubation and microsome inhibition studies demonstrated that P450 1A2 was the primary enzyme responsible for the metabolic activation of chrysophanol and that P450 2B6 and P450 3A4 also participated in the generation of the oxidative metabolites. These findings helped us to understand the mechanisms of chrysophanol-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1)
| | - Xin Xin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1)
| | - Kehan Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1)
| | - Tiantian Cui
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1)
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1).
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, PR China(1); State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China(1).
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Deng Y, Fu Y, Xu S, Wang P, Yang N, Li C, Yu Q. Detection and Structural Characterization of Nucleophiles Trapped Reactive Metabolites of Limonin Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:3797389. [PMID: 29850372 PMCID: PMC5932435 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3797389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Limonin (LIM), a furan-containing limonoid, is one of the most abundant components of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. Recent studies demonstrated that LIM has great potential for inhibiting the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. However, the mechanisms of LIM-induced enzyme inactivation processes remain unexplored. The main objective of this study was to identify the reactive metabolites of LIM using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Three nucleophiles, glutathione (GSH), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and N-acetyl lysine (NAL), were used to trap the reactive metabolites of LIM in in vitro and in vivo models. Two different types of mass spectrometry, a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometry and a LTQ velos Pro ion trap mass spectrometry, were employed to acquire structural information of nucleophile adducts of LIM. In total, six nucleophile adducts of LIM (M1-M6) with their isomers were identified; among them, M1 was a GSH and NAL conjugate of LIM, M2-M4 were glutathione adducts of LIM, M5 was a NAC and NAL conjugate of LIM, and M6 was a NAC adduct of LIM. Additionally, CYP3A4 was found to be the key enzyme responsible for the bioactivation of limonin. This metabolism study largely facilitates the understanding of mechanisms of limonin-induced enzyme inactivation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yudong Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Nailong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chengqian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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