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Rungratanawanich W, Ballway JW, Wang X, Won KJ, Hardwick JP, Song BJ. Post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins in epigenetic regulation and translational applications in alcohol-associated liver disease: Challenges and research opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108547. [PMID: 37838219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is a process that takes place through adaptive cellular pathways influenced by environmental factors and metabolic changes to modulate gene activity with heritable phenotypic variations without altering the DNA sequences of many target genes. Epigenetic regulation can be facilitated by diverse mechanisms: many different types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone and non-histone nuclear proteins, DNA methylation, altered levels of noncoding RNAs, incorporation of histone variants, nucleosomal positioning, chromatin remodeling, etc. These factors modulate chromatin structure and stability with or without the involvement of metabolic products, depending on the cellular context of target cells or environmental stimuli, such as intake of alcohol (ethanol) or Western-style high-fat diets. Alterations of epigenetics have been actively studied, since they are frequently associated with multiple disease states. Consequently, explorations of epigenetic regulation have recently shed light on the pathogenesis and progression of alcohol-associated disorders. In this review, we highlight the roles of various types of PTMs, including less-characterized modifications of nuclear histone and non-histone proteins, in the epigenetic regulation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and other disorders. We also describe challenges in characterizing specific PTMs and suggest future opportunities for basic and translational research to prevent or treat ALD and many other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jacob W Ballway
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90069, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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2
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Xu X, Sun B, Zhao C. Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 and parthanatos in neurological diseases: From pathogenesis to therapeutic opportunities. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106314. [PMID: 37783233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is the most extensively studied member of the PARP superfamily, with its primary function being the facilitation of DNA damage repair processes. Parthanatos is a type of regulated cell death cascade initiated by PARP-1 hyperactivation, which involves multiple subroutines, including the accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR), binding of PAR and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), release of AIF from the mitochondria, the translocation of the AIF/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) complex, and massive MIF-mediated DNA fragmentation. Over the past few decades, the role of PARP-1 in central nervous system health and disease has received increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of PARP-1 in neural cell proliferation and differentiation, memory formation, brain ageing, and epigenetic regulation. We then elaborate on the involvement of PARP-1 and PARP-1-dependant parthanatos in various neuropathological processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, autophagy damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additional highlight contains PARP-1's implications in the initiation, progression, and therapeutic opportunities for different neurological illnesses, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, and neuropathic pain (NP). Finally, emerging insights into the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the management of neurological diseases are provided. This review aims to summarize the exciting advancements in the critical role of PARP-1 in neurological disorders, which may open new avenues for therapeutic options targeting PARP-1 or parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| | - Bowen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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3
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Ryan KM, McLoughlin DM. PARP1 and OGG1 in Medicated Patients With Depression and the Response to ECT. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 26:107-115. [PMID: 36472850 PMCID: PMC9926051 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and oxidation-induced DNA damage may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Two key mediators of base excision repair (BER) in response to oxidative damage of DNA are OGG1 and PARP1. Few studies have examined changes in OGG1 or PARP1 mRNA in patients with depression or following antidepressant treatment. We examined PARP1 and OGG1 mRNA levels in patients with depression at baseline/pre-electroconvulsive therapy (baseline/pre-ECT) vs in healthy controls and in patients following a course of ECT. METHODS PARP1 and OGG1 were examined in whole blood samples from medicated patients with depression and controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Exploratory subgroup correlational analyses were performed to determine associations between PARP1 and OGG1 and mood (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24-item version) scores as well as with vitamin B3, SIRT1, PGC1α, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, as previously reported on in this cohort. RESULTS PARP1 levels were reduced in samples from patients with depression vs controls (P = .03), though no difference was noted in OGG1. ECT had no effect on PARP1 or OGG1. Higher baseline PARP1 weakly correlated with greater mood improvement post ECT (P = .008). Moreover, PARP1 positively correlated with SIRT1 at baseline and post ECT, and positive correlations were noted between change in PARP1 and change in OGG1 with change in tumor necrosis factor alpha post ECT. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of ECT on BER enzymes. A better understanding of BER enzymes and DNA repair in depression could unearth new mechanisms relevant to the pathophysiology of this condition and novel antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ryan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Declan M McLoughlin
- Correspondence: Declan M. McLoughlin, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick’s University Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland ()
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Role of NAD + and FAD in Ischemic Stroke Pathophysiology: An Epigenetic Nexus and Expanding Therapeutic Repertoire. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4. [PMID: 36180651 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The redox coenzymes viz., oxidized β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) by way of generation of optimal reducing power and cellular energy currency (ATP), control a staggering array of metabolic reactions. The prominent cellular contenders for NAD+ utilization, inter alia, are sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1), which have been significantly implicated in ischemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis. NAD+ and FAD are also two crucial epigenetic enzyme-required metabolites mediating histone deacetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation through SIRTs and PARP-1 respectively, and demethylation through FAD-mediated lysine specific demethylase activity. These enzymes and post-translational modifications impinge on the components of neurovascular unit, primarily neurons, and elicit diverse functional upshots in an ischemic brain. These could be circumstantially linked with attendant cognitive deficits and behavioral outcomes in post-stroke epoch. Parsing out the contribution of NAD+/FAD-synthesizing and utilizing enzymes towards epigenetic remodeling in IS setting, together with their cognitive and behavioral associations, combined with possible therapeutic implications will form the crux of this review.
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Cis- and trans-resveratrol have opposite effects on histone serine-ADP-ribosylation and tyrosine induced neurodegeneration. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3244. [PMID: 35688816 PMCID: PMC9187644 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum tyrosine levels increase during aging, neurocognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. However, calorie restriction (CR) and sleep lower serum tyrosine levels. We previously showed that tyrosine inhibits tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS)-mediated activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). Here, we show that histone serine-ADP-ribosylation is decreased in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) brains, and increased tyrosine levels deplete TyrRS and cause neuronal DNA damage. However, dopamine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) increase TyrRS and histone serine-ADP-ribosylation. Furthermore, cis-resveratrol (cis-RSV) that binds to TyrRS mimicking a 'tyrosine-free' conformation increases TyrRS, facilitates histone serine-ADP-ribosylation-dependent DNA repair, and provides neuroprotection in a TyrRS-dependent manner. Conversely, trans-RSV that binds to TyrRS mimicking a 'tyrosine-like' conformation decreases TyrRS, inhibits serine-ADP-ribosylation-dependent DNA repair, and induces neurodegeneration in rat cortical neurons. Our findings suggest that age-associated increase in serum tyrosine levels may effect neurocognitive and metabolic disorders and offer a plausible explanation for divergent results obtained in clinical trials using resveratrol.
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A Long-Lasting PARP1-Activation Mediates Signal-Induced Gene Expression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091576. [PMID: 35563882 PMCID: PMC9101275 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This overview presents recent evidence for a long-lasting PARP1 activation by a variety of signal transduction mechanisms, mediating signal-induced gene expression and chromatin remodeling. This mode of PARP1 activation has been reported in a variety of cell types, under physiological conditions. In this mechanism, PARP1 is not transiently activated by binding to DNA breaks. Moreover, damaged DNA interfered with this long-lasting PARP1 activation.
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Wang Y, Pleasure D, Deng W, Guo F. Therapeutic Potentials of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1) Inhibition in Multiple Sclerosis and Animal Models: Concept Revisiting. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102853. [PMID: 34935305 PMCID: PMC8844485 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) plays a fundamental role in DNA repair and gene expression. Excessive PARP1 hyperactivation, however, has been associated with cell death. PARP1 and/or its activity are dysregulated in the immune and central nervous system of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and animal models. Pharmacological PARP1 inhibition is shown to be protective against immune activation and disease severity in MS animal models while genetic PARP1 deficiency studies reported discrepant results. The inconsistency suggests that the function of PARP1 and PARP1-mediated PARylation may be complex and context-dependent. The article reviews PARP1 functions, discusses experimental findings and possible interpretations of PARP1 in inflammation, neuronal/axonal degeneration, and oligodendrogliopathy, three major pathological components cooperatively determining MS disease course and neurological progression, and points out future research directions. Cell type specific PARP1 manipulations are necessary for revisiting the role of PARP1 in the three pathological components prior to moving PARP1 inhibition into clinical trials for MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
| | - David Pleasure
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95817USA
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative MedicineUC Davis School of Medicine/Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSacramentoCAUSA
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8
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Zada D, Sela Y, Matosevich N, Monsonego A, Lerer-Goldshtein T, Nir Y, Appelbaum L. Parp1 promotes sleep, which enhances DNA repair in neurons. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4979-4993.e7. [PMID: 34798058 PMCID: PMC8688325 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics of the sleep drivers and the mechanisms through which sleep relieves the cellular homeostatic pressure are unclear. In flies, zebrafish, mice, and humans, DNA damage levels increase during wakefulness and decrease during sleep. Here, we show that 6 h of consolidated sleep is sufficient to reduce DNA damage in the zebrafish dorsal pallium. Induction of DNA damage by neuronal activity and mutagens triggered sleep and DNA repair. The activity of the DNA damage response (DDR) proteins Rad52 and Ku80 increased during sleep, and chromosome dynamics enhanced Rad52 activity. The activity of the DDR initiator poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (Parp1) increased following sleep deprivation. In both larva zebrafish and adult mice, Parp1 promoted sleep. Inhibition of Parp1 activity reduced sleep-dependent chromosome dynamics and repair. These results demonstrate that DNA damage is a homeostatic driver for sleep, and Parp1 pathways can sense this cellular pressure and facilitate sleep and repair activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zada
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Yaniv Sela
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - Adir Monsonego
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Tali Lerer-Goldshtein
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Yuval Nir
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - Lior Appelbaum
- The Faculty of Life Sciences and the Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
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9
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Das T, Das TK, Khodarkovskaya A, Dash S. Non-coding RNAs and their bioengineering applications for neurological diseases. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11675-11698. [PMID: 34756133 PMCID: PMC8810045 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2003667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering of cellular biomolecules is an emerging landscape presenting creative therapeutic opportunities. Recently, several strategies such as biomimetic materials, drug-releasing scaffolds, stem cells, and dynamic culture systems have been developed to improve specific biological functions, however, have been confounded with fundamental and technical roadblocks. Rapidly emerging investigations on the bioengineering prospects of mammalian ribonucleic acid (RNA) is expected to result in significant biomedical advances. More specifically, the current trend focuses on devising non-coding (nc) RNAs as therapeutic candidates for complex neurological diseases. Given the pleiotropic and regulatory role, ncRNAs such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are deemed as attractive therapeutic candidates. Currently, the list of non-coding RNAs in mammals is evolving, which presents the plethora of hidden possibilities including their scope in biomedicine. Herein, we critically review on the emerging repertoire of ncRNAs in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, neuroinflammation and drug abuse disorders. Importantly, we present the advances in engineering of ncRNAs to improve their biocompatibility and therapeutic feasibility as well as provide key insights into the applications of bioengineered non-coding RNAs that are investigated for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Das
- Quanta Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,RayBiotech, Inc, 3607 Parkway Lane, Peachtree Corners, GA, 30092, USA
| | - Tushar Kanti Das
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Anne Khodarkovskaya
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Dash
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024 India
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10
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Li C, Wu LE. Risks and rewards of targeting NAD + homeostasis in the brain. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111545. [PMID: 34302821 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Strategies to correct declining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels in neurological disease and biological ageing are promising therapeutic candidates. These strategies include supplementing with NAD+ precursors, small molecule activation of NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes, and treatment with small molecule inhibitors of NAD+ consuming enzymes such as CD38, SARM1 or members of the PARP family. While these strategies have shown efficacy in animal models of neurological disease, each of these has the mechanistic potential for adverse events that could preclude their preclinical use. Here, we discuss the implications of these strategies for treating neurological diseases, including potential off-target effects that may be unique to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Li
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lindsay E Wu
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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11
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Modulation of PARP-1 Activity in a Broad Time Window Attenuates Memorizing Fear. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126170. [PMID: 34201014 PMCID: PMC8226584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala plays a critical role in the acquisition and consolidation of fear-related memories. Recent studies have demonstrated that ADP-ribosylation of histones, accelerated by PARPs, affects the chromatin structure and the binding of chromatin remodeling complexes with transcription factors. Inhibition of PARP-1 activity during the labile phase of re-consolidation may erase memory. Accordingly, we investigated the possibility of interfering with fear conditioning by PARP-1 inhibition. Herein, we demonstrate that injection of PARP-1 inhibitors, specifically into the CeA or i.p., in different time windows post-retrieval, attenuates freezing behavior. Moreover, the association of memory with pharmacokinetic timing of PARP inhibitor arrival to the brain enabled/achieved attenuation of a specific cue-associated memory of fear but did not hinder other memories (even traumatic events) associated with other cues. Our results suggest using PARP-1 inhibitors as a new avenue for future treatment of PTSD by disrupting specific traumatic memories in a broad time window, even long after the traumatic event. The safety of using these PARP inhibitors, that is, not interfering with other natural memories, is an added value.
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12
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Jhanji M, Rao CN, Sajish M. Towards resolving the enigma of the dichotomy of resveratrol: cis- and trans-resveratrol have opposite effects on TyrRS-regulated PARP1 activation. GeroScience 2021; 43:1171-1200. [PMID: 33244652 PMCID: PMC7690980 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike widely perceived, resveratrol (RSV) decreased the average lifespan and extended only the replicative lifespan in yeast. Similarly, although not widely discussed, RSV is also known to evoke neurite degeneration, kidney toxicity, atherosclerosis, premature senescence, and genotoxicity through yet unknown mechanisms. Nevertheless, in vivo animal models of diseases and human clinical trials demonstrate inconsistent protective and beneficial effects. Therefore, the mechanism of action of RSV that elicits beneficial effects remains an enigma. In a previously published work, we demonstrated structural similarities between RSV and tyrosine amino acid. RSV acts as a tyrosine antagonist and competes with it to bind to human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS). Interestingly, although both isomers of RSV bind to TyrRS, only the cis-isomer evokes a unique structural change at the active site to promote its interaction with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), a major determinant of cellular NAD+-dependent stress response. However, retention of trans-RSV in the active site of TyrRS mimics its tyrosine-bound conformation that inhibits the auto-poly-ADP-ribos(PAR)ylation of PARP1. Therefore, we proposed that cis-RSV-induced TyrRS-regulated auto-PARylation of PARP1 would contribute, at least in part, to the reported health benefits of RSV through the induction of protective stress response. This observation suggested that trans-RSV would inhibit TyrRS/PARP1-mediated protective stress response and would instead elicit an opposite effect compared to cis-RSV. Interestingly, most recent studies also confirmed the conversion of trans-RSV and its metabolites to cis-RSV in the physiological context. Therefore, the finding that cis-RSV and trans-RSV induce two distinct conformations of TyrRS with opposite effects on the auto-PARylation of PARP1 provides a potential molecular basis for the observed dichotomic effects of RSV under different experimental paradigms. However, the fact that natural RSV exists as a diastereomeric mixture of its cis and trans isomers and cis-RSV is also a physiologically relevant isoform has not yet gained much scientific attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Jhanji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Chintada Nageswara Rao
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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13
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Gowen AM, Odegaard KE, Hernandez J, Chand S, Koul S, Pendyala G, Yelamanchili SV. Role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of addiction. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021; 12:e1637. [PMID: 33336550 PMCID: PMC8026578 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by compulsive seeking despite adverse consequences. There are both heritable and epigenetic mechanisms underlying drug addiction. Emerging evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs regulate synaptic plasticity and related behaviors caused by substances of abuse. These ncRNAs modify gene expression and may contribute to the behavioral phenotypes of addiction. Among the ncRNAs, the most widely researched and impactful are miRNAs. The goal in this systematic review is to provide a detailed account of recent research involving the role of miRNAs in addiction. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Small Molecule-RNA Interactions RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Gowen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Katherine E Odegaard
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jordan Hernandez
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Subhash Chand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sneh Koul
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Gurudutt Pendyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sowmya V Yelamanchili
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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14
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Hofmeister B, von Stülpnagel C, Betzler C, Mari F, Renieri A, Baldassarri M, Haberlandt E, Jansen K, Schilling S, Weber P, Ahlbory K, Tang S, Berweck S, Kluger G. Epilepsy in Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome: Review of Literature and Report of 25 Patients Focusing on Treatment Aspects. Neuropediatrics 2021; 52:109-122. [PMID: 33578439 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1722878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS), caused by a mutation in the SMARCA2 gene, which goes along with intellectual disability, congenital malformations, especially of face and limbs, and often difficult-to-treat epilepsy, is surveyed focusing on epilepsy and its treatment. Patients were recruited via "Network Therapy of Rare Epilepsies (NETRE)" and an international NCBRS parent support group. Inclusion criterion is NCBRS-defining SMARCA2 mutation. Clinical findings including epilepsy classification, anticonvulsive treatment, electroencephalogram (EEG) findings, and neurodevelopmental outcome were collected with an electronic questionnaire. Inclusion of 25 NCBRS patients with epilepsy in 23 of 25. Overall, 85% of the participants (17/20) reported generalized seizures, the semiology varied widely. EEG showed generalized epileptogenic abnormalities in 53% (9/17), cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) was mainly inconspicuous. The five most frequently used anticonvulsive drugs were valproic acid (VPA [12/20]), levetiracetam (LEV [12/20]), phenobarbital (PB [8/20]), topiramate (TPM [5/20]), and carbamazepine (CBZ [5/20]). LEV (9/12), PB (6/8), TPM (4/5), and VPA (9/12) reduced the seizures' frequency in more than 50%. Temporary freedom of seizures (>6 months) was reached with LEV (4/12), PB (3/8), TPM (1/5, only combined with PB and nitrazepam [NZP]), and VPA (4/12). Seizures aggravation was observed under lamotrigine (LTG [2/4]), LEV (1/12), PB (1/8), and VPA (1/12). Ketogenic diet (KD) and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) reduced seizures' frequency in one of two each. This first worldwide retrospective analysis of anticonvulsive therapy in NCBRS helps to treat epilepsy in NCBRS that mostly shows only initial response to anticonvulsive therapy, especially with LEV and VPA, but very rarely shows complete freedom of seizures in this, rather genetic than structural epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Hofmeister
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Bogenhausen Academic Teaching Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Celina von Stülpnagel
- Institute for Transition, Rehabilitation and Palliation, Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Division of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program for Children, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia Betzler
- Institute for Transition, Rehabilitation and Palliation, Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Francesca Mari
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Sienna, Italy
| | | | | | - Edda Haberlandt
- Department of Pediatrics, Krankenhaus der Stadt Dornbirn, Dornbirn, Austria
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Schilling
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Weber
- Department of Neuro- and Developmental Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katja Ahlbory
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Children's Hospital Amsterdamer Straße, Kliniken Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen Berweck
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kluger
- Institute for Transition, Rehabilitation and Palliation, Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
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15
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Gao Y, Bai L, Zhou W, Yang Y, Zhang J, Li L, Jiang M, Mi Y, Li TT, Zhang X, Zhang W, Xu JT. PARP-1-regulated TNF-α expression in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal dorsal horn contributes to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain in rats. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:482-496. [PMID: 32283287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has implicated poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), a transcriptional coregulator, in a variety of inflammatory diseases. In the current study, the role of PARP-1 in neuropathic pain and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Neuropathic pain was determined by assessing the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) following lumbar 5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in male rates. Western blotting, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and Co-IP assays were performed to elucidate the mechanisms. The results showed that SNL resulted in a significant increase in the expression and activation of PARP-1 in the ipsilateral L4/5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn, which occurred on day one, reached peak on day 7, and persisted more than 2 weeks after surgery. Double immunofluorescence staining revealed that PARP-1 was expressed exclusively in DRG A-type and C-type neurons. In the spinal cord, PARP-1 mainly colocalized with the neuronal marker NeuN and the astrocytic marker GFAP specifically in the superficial lamina. Prior intrathecal (i.t.) injection of PJ-34, a PARPs inhibitor, or Tiq-A, a specific PARP-1 inhibitor, dose-dependently prevented the reductions in PWT and PWL following SNL. Established neuropathic pain-like hypersensitivity was also attenuated with i.t. injection of PJ-34 and Tiq-A starting on day 7 following SNL, a timepoint at which neuropathic pain was fully established. SNL-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were also alleviated by i.t. injection of PARP-1 siRNA following a reduction in PARP-1 expression in the dorsal horn. Moreover, the SNL-induced increases in TNF-α protein and mRNA in the dorsal horn and DRG were dramatically suppressed by i.t. injection of Tiq-A or PARP-1 siRNA. The i.t. lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced increase in the production of TNF-α in the dorsal horn was also inhibited by prior to i.t. injection of PARP-1 siRNA. Results of ChIP assay showed that SNL-induced PARP-1 activation promoted the binding of NF-κB p65 with the TNF-α promoter in the dorsal horn and that PARP-1 inhibition reduced this binding and suppressed TNF-α expression. Co-IP assay revealed that SNL caused a significant increase in the level of histone H1 poly(ADP)-ribosylation. Together, these results indicate that PARP-1-regulated TNF-α expression in the DRG and spinal dorsal horn following SNL contributes to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Targeting PARP-1 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of the chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liying Bai
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liren Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingjun Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tong-Tong Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ji-Tian Xu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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16
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Dash S, Balasubramaniam M, Martínez-Rivera FJ, Godino A, Peck EG, Patnaik S, Suar M, Calipari ES, Nestler EJ, Villalta F, Dash C, Pandhare J. Cocaine-regulated microRNA miR-124 controls poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 expression in neuronal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11197. [PMID: 32641757 PMCID: PMC7343862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-124 is a highly expressed miRNA in the brain and regulates genes involved in neuronal function. We report that miR-124 post-transcriptionally regulates PARP-1. We have identified a highly conserved binding site of miR-124 in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of Parp-1 mRNA. We demonstrate that miR-124 directly binds to the Parp-1 3'UTR and mutations in the seed sequences abrogate binding between the two RNA molecules. Luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-124 post-transcriptionally regulates Parp-1 3'UTR activity in a dopaminergic neuronal cell model. Interestingly, the binding region of miR-124 in Parp-1 3'UTR overlapped with the target sequence of miR-125b, another post-transcriptional regulator of Parp-1. Our results from titration and pull-down studies revealed that miR-124 binds to Parp-1 3'UTR with greater affinity and confers a dominant post-transcriptional inhibition compared to miR-125b. Interestingly, acute or chronic cocaine exposure downregulated miR-124 levels concomitant with upregulation of PARP-1 protein in dopaminergic-like neuronal cells in culture. Levels of miR-124 were also downregulated upon acute or chronic cocaine exposure in the mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc)-a key reward region of brain. Time-course studies revealed that cocaine treatment persistently downregulated miR-124 in NAc. Consistent with this finding, miR-124 expression was also significantly reduced in the NAc of animals conditioned for cocaine place preference. Collectively, these studies identify Parp-1 as a direct target of miR-124 in neuronal cells, establish miR-124 as a cocaine-regulated miRNA in the mouse NAc, and highlight a novel pathway underlying the molecular effects of cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Dash
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Muthukumar Balasubramaniam
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Freddyson J Martínez-Rivera
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Arthur Godino
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Emily G Peck
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Fernando Villalta
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Chandravanu Dash
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
| | - Jui Pandhare
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Old Hospital Bldg-CAHDR, Room 5023, 1005 Dr. DB Todd Jr Blvd., Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
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17
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Yang S, Qu G, Fu B, Yang F, Zeng W, Cai Y, Ye T, Yang Y, Deng X, Xiang W, Peng D, Zhou B. The function of KptA/Tpt1 gene - a minor review. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:577-591. [PMID: 32438974 DOI: 10.1071/fp19159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rapid response of uni- and multicellular organisms to environmental changes and their own growth is achieved through a series of molecular mechanisms, often involving modification of macromolecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. The ADP-ribosylation process has ability to modify these different macromolecules in cells, and is closely related to the biological processes, such as DNA replication, transcription, signal transduction, cell division, stress, microbial aging and pathogenesis. In addition, tRNA plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression, as effector molecules, no-load tRNA affects the overall gene expression level of cells under some nutritional stress. KptA/Tpt1 is an essential phosphotransferase in the process of pre-tRNA splicing, releasing mature tRNA and participating in ADP-ribose. The objective of this review is concluding the gene structure, the evolution history and the function of KptA/Tpt1 from prokaryote to eukaryote organisms. At the same time, the results of promoter elements analysis were also shown in the present study. Moreover, the problems in the function of KptA/Tpt1 that have not been clarified at the present time are summarised, and some suggestions to solve those problems are given. This review presents no only a summary of clear function of KptA/Tpt1 in the process of tRNA splicing and ADP-ribosylation of organisms, but also gives some proposals to clarify unclear problems of it in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiquan Yang
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyi Qu
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Bixia Fu
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Weixian Zeng
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Yunzhang Cai
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China
| | | | - Xiangwen Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Applied Technology for Forestry and Ecology in Southern China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Wenhua Xiang
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China; and Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China; and National Engineering Laboratory of Applied Technology for Forestry and Ecology in Southern China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China; and Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China; and Forestry Biotechnology Hunan Key Laboratories, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,410004, Changsha, China; and Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China; and National Engineering Laboratory of Applied Technology for Forestry and Ecology in Southern China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China; and Forestry Biotechnology Hunan Key Laboratories, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China; and Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China; and Corresponding author.
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18
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Neumann C, Baesler J, Steffen G, Nicolai MM, Zubel T, Aschner M, Bürkle A, Mangerich A, Schwerdtle T, Bornhorst J. The role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases in manganese exposed Caenorhabditis elegans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 57:21-27. [PMID: 31546209 PMCID: PMC6878993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM When exceeding the homeostatic range, manganese (Mn) might cause neurotoxicity, characteristic of the pathophysiology of several neurological diseases. Although the underlying mechanism of its neurotoxicity remains unclear, Mn-induced oxidative stress contributes to disease etiology. DNA damage caused by oxidative stress may further trigger dysregulation of DNA-damage-induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), which is of central importance especially for neuronal homeostasis. Accordingly, this study was designed to assess in the genetically traceable in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans the role of PARylation as well as the consequences of loss of pme-1 or pme-2 (orthologues of PARP1 and PARP2) in Mn-induced toxicity. METHODS A specific and sensitive isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify PARylation in worms. Next to monitoring the PAR level, pme-1 and pme-2 gene expression as well as Mn-induced oxidative stress was studied in wildtype worms and the pme deletion mutants. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION While Mn failed to induce PARylation in wildtype worms, toxic doses of Mn led to PAR-induction in pme-1-deficient worms, due to an increased gene expression of pme-2 in the pme-1 deletion mutants. However, this effect could not be observed at sub-toxic Mn doses as well as upon longer incubation times. Regarding Mn-induced oxidative stress, the deletion mutants did not show hypersensitivity. Taken together, this study characterizes worms to model PAR inhibition and addresses the consequences for Mn-induced oxidative stress in genetically manipulated worms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Neumann
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jessica Baesler
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany
| | - Gereon Steffen
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Merle Marie Nicolai
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tabea Zubel
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aswin Mangerich
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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Evidence for Decreased Nucleolar PARP-1 as an Early Marker of Cognitive Impairment. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:4383258. [PMID: 31827497 PMCID: PMC6885846 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4383258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear protein that regulates gene expression through poly(ADP)-ribosylation, resulting in the loosening of chromatin structure. PARP-1 enzymatic activity has been shown to be necessary for the expression of several genes required for memory formation and consolidation. Previously, we showed that nucleolar PARP-1 is significantly decreased in hippocampal pyramidal cells in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We proposed that the displacement of PARP-1 from the nucleolus results in downregulation of new rRNA expression and ribosome biogenesis, leading to cognitive impairment. To further investigate the relationship between nucleolar PARP-1 and memory impairment, we examined PARP-1 expression in the hippocampi of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to control and AD cases. We used immunohistochemical techniques to examine the nucleolar distribution of PARP-1 in the Cornu Ammonis (CA region) of the hippocampus. PARP-1 positive cells were then scored for the presence or absence of PARP-1 in the nucleolus. We found a significant decrease of PARP-1 staining in the nucleolar compartment of hippocampal pyramidal cells in MCI compared with Control and AD. When the four CA (CA1-4) regions were considered separately, only the CA1 region showed significant differences in nucleolar PARP-1 with Control > AD > MCI cases. Categorization of nucleolar PARP-1 into “distinct” and “diffuse” groups suggest that most of the changes occur within the distinct group. In addition, measurements of the nucleolar diameter of nucleolar PARP-1 positive cells in CA2 and CA4 showed Control > MCI. Thus, MCI cases had a lower percentage of PARP-1 nucleolar positive cells in CA1 and smaller nucleolar diameters in CA2 and CA4, compared to Control. Our data suggest that disruption of nucleolar form and function is an early and important step in the progression of cognitive impairment.
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20
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Wu ZX, Cao L, Li XW, Jiang W, Li XY, Xu J, Wang F, Chen GH. Accelerated Deficits of Spatial Learning and Memory Resulting From Prenatal Inflammatory Insult Are Correlated With Abnormal Phosphorylation and Methylation of Histone 3 in CD-1 Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:114. [PMID: 31156421 PMCID: PMC6531990 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational infection causes various neurological deficits in offspring, such as age-related spatial learning and memory (SLM) decline. How inflammation causes age-related SLM dysfunction remains unknown. Previous research has indicated that histone modifications, such as phosphorylation of H3S10 (H3S10p) and trimethylation of H3K9 (H3K9me3) may be involved. In our study, pregnant mice received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 or 25 μg/kg) or normal saline during gestational days 15-17. After normal parturition, the offspring were randomly separated into 1-, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 22-month-old groups. SLM performance was assessed using a radial six-arm water maze (RAWM). The hippocampal levels of H3S10p and H3K9me3 were detected using an immunohistochemical method. The results indicated that the offspring had significantly impaired SLM, with decreased H3S10p and increased H3K9me3 levels from 12 months onward. Maternal LPS exposure during late gestation significantly and dose-dependently exacerbated the age-related impairment of SLM, with the decrease in H3S10p and increase in H3K9me3 beginning at 12 months in the offspring. The histone modifications (H3S10p and H3K9me3) were significantly correlated with impairment of SLM. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to inflammation could exacerbate age-related impairments of SLM and changes in histone modifications in CD-1 mice from 12 months onward, and SLM impairment might be linked to decreased H3S10p and increased H3K9me3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xing Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Yan Li
- Departments of Neurology and Sleep Disorders, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Departments of Neurology and Sleep Disorders, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Departments of Neurology and Sleep Disorders, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Cohen-Armon M, Yeheskel A, Pascal JM. Signal-induced PARP1-Erk synergism mediates IEG expression. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:8. [PMID: 30993015 PMCID: PMC6459926 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A recently disclosed Erk-induced PARP1 activation mechanism mediates the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) in response to a variety of extra- and intracellular signals implicated in memory acquisition, development and proliferation. Here, we review this mechanism, which is initiated by stimulation-induced binding of PARP1 to phosphorylated Erk translocated into the nucleus. This binding maintains long-lasting synergistic activity of these proteins, which offers a new pattern for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malka Cohen-Armon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Adva Yeheskel
- Bioinformatics Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - John M. Pascal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada
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22
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Ito K, Takizawa T. Nuclear Architecture in the Nervous System: Development, Function, and Neurodevelopmental Diseases. Front Genet 2018; 9:308. [PMID: 30127803 PMCID: PMC6087739 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of study have shown that epigenetic regulation plays an important role in neural development and function. Several layers of epigenetic mechanisms control functions of the eukaryotic cell nucleus, a well-organized subcellular organelle with distinct compartments: chromatin, its related architectural proteins, and nuclear bodies. As these components function together in the epigenetic regulation of cellular development and functions, they are collectively termed nuclear architecture. In the nervous system, dynamic rearrangement of nuclear architecture correlates with alteration of transcription programs. During maturation and upon depolarization, neurons undergo a reorganization of nuclear architecture that alters gene expression programs. As such changes allow for specialized functions, including learning and memory, nuclear architecture is distinct among cell types. Studying nuclear architecture of neurons may uncover cell-division-independent mechanisms of global and local changes to nuclear architecture. We herein review recent research concerning nuclear architecture in the nervous system and will discuss its importance to the development, maturation, function, and diseases of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.,Division of Stem Cell Pathology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Takizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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23
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Visochek L, Cohen-Armon M. PARP1-Erk synergism in proliferating cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29140-29145. [PMID: 30018741 PMCID: PMC6044375 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A synergism between PARP1 and phosphorylated Erk mediating IEG (immediate early gene) expression has been recently reported in cerebral neurons and cardiomyocytes. Stimulation induced PARP-Erk synergism was required for IEG expression underlying synaptic plasticity and long-term memory acquisition during learning. It was similarly required for cardiomyocytes development. Here, we identified this mechanism in Erk-induced gene expression promoting proliferation. This mechanism can be targeted in malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Visochek
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Malka Cohen-Armon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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24
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Alluri SR, Riss PJ. Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase in Neurodegeneration: Radiosynthesis and Radioligand Binding in ARC-SWE tg Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1259-1263. [PMID: 29544053 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis, radiosynthesis, and characterization of a radioligand for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP is of central importance in cell homeostasis, neuroplasticity, and neurodegeneration in the brain. A radiolabeled PARP inhibitor was developed and used for autoradiographic quantification of PARP protein concentration in wild-type and transgenic rodent brains ex vivo in high resolution. The binding of [3H]rucaparib was found to be confined to PARP-expressing domains, for example, cerebellar cortex or hippocampal regions in both models. Saturation binding experiments confirmed selective and reversible binding to a single site ( Kd = 1.1 ± 0.2 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R. Alluri
- Realomics SFI, Kjemisk Institute, Universitetet i Oslo, Sem Sæalands Vei 26, Kjemibygningen, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick J. Riss
- Realomics SFI, Kjemisk Institute, Universitetet i Oslo, Sem Sæalands Vei 26, Kjemibygningen, 0371 Oslo, Norway
- Klinik for Kirurgi og Nevrofag, Oslo Universitets Sykehus HF−Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
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Lu Z, Sun J, Xin Y, Chen K, Ding W, Wang Y. Sevoflurane-induced memory impairment in the postnatal developing mouse brain. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4097-4104. [PMID: 29731813 PMCID: PMC5920718 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to confirm that sevoflurane induces memory impairment in the postnatal developing mouse brain and determine its mechanism of action. C57BL/6 mice 7 days old were randomly assigned into a 2.6% sevoflurane (n=68), a 1.3% sevoflurane (n=68) and a control (n=38) group. Blood gas analysis was performed to evaluate hypoxia and respiratory depression during anesthesia in 78 mice. Measurements for expression of caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry, cleavage of poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) by western blotting, as well as levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase receptor type 2 (Ntrk2), pro-BDNF, p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed in the hippocampus of 12 mice from each group. A total of 60 mice underwent the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Results from the MWM test indicated that the time spent in the northwest quadrant and platform site crossovers by mice in the 2.6 and 1.3% sevoflurane groups was significantly lower than that of the control group. Meanwhile, levels of caspase-3 and cleaved PARP in the 2.6 and 1.3% sevoflurane groups were significantly higher than that in the control group. Levels of pro-BDNF and p75NTR were significantly increased and the level of PKB/Akt was significantly decreased following exposure to 2.6% sevoflurane. Finally, the memory of postnatal mice was impaired by sevoflurane, this was determined using a MWM test. Therefore, the results of the current study suggest that caspase-3 induced cleavage of PARP, as well as pro-BDNF, p75NTR and PKB/Akt may be important in sevoflurane-induced memory impairment in the postnatal developing mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Lu
- Department of Anesthesia, Rui Jin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
| | - Jihui Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Rui Jin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
| | - Yichun Xin
- Department of Anesthesia, Rui Jin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Rui Jin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Anesthesia, Rui Jin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Jing'an District Shibei Hospital, Shanghai 200443, P.R. China
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Règue-Guyon M, Lanfumey L, Mongeau R. Neuroepigenetics of Neurotrophin Signaling: Neurobiology of Anxiety and Affective Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 158:159-193. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Azad GK, Ito K, Sailaja BS, Biran A, Nissim-Rafinia M, Yamada Y, Brown DT, Takizawa T, Meshorer E. PARP1-dependent eviction of the linker histone H1 mediates immediate early gene expression during neuronal activation. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:473-481. [PMID: 29284668 PMCID: PMC5800798 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201703141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal stimulation leads to the expression of immediate early genes (IEGs). Azad et al. show that neuronal depolarization induces replacement of the linker histone H1 by PARP1 at IEG promoters in a manner that requires H1 phosphorylation and H1 poly-ADP ribosylation. Neuronal stimulation leads to immediate early gene (IEG) expression through calcium-dependent mechanisms. In recent years, considerable attention has been devoted to the transcriptional responses after neuronal stimulation, but relatively little is known about the changes in chromatin dynamics that follow neuronal activation. Here, we use fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, biochemical fractionations, and chromatin immunoprecipitation to show that KCl-induced depolarization in primary cultured cortical neurons causes a rapid release of the linker histone H1 from chromatin, concomitant with IEG expression. H1 release is repressed by PARP inhibition, PARP1 deletion, a non-PARylatable H1, as well as phosphorylation inhibitions and a nonphosphorylatable H1, leading to hindered IEG expression. Further, H1 is replaced by PARP1 on IEG promoters after neuronal stimulation, and PARP inhibition blocks this reciprocal binding response. Our results demonstrate the relationship between neuronal excitation and chromatin plasticity by identifying the roles of polyadenosine diphosphate ribosylation and phosphorylation of H1 in regulating H1 chromatin eviction and IEG expression in stimulated neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar Azad
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kenji Ito
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Badi Sri Sailaja
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alva Biran
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Malka Nissim-Rafinia
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - David T Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Takumi Takizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Eran Meshorer
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences and The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ling Y, Li X, Yu L, Liang Q, Lin X, Yang X, Wang H, Zhang Y. Sevoflurane exposure in postnatal rats induced long-term cognitive impairment through upregulating caspase-3/cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3824-3830. [PMID: 29042986 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of anesthetic exposure in infants or young children with the long-term impairment of neurologic functions has been reported previously; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In order to identify dysregulated gene expression underlying long-term cognitive impairment caused by sevoflurane exposure at the postnatal stage, the present study initially performed behavioral tests on adult Wistar rats, which received 3% sevoflurane at postnatal day 7 (P7) for different time course. Subsequently, transcriptome profiling of hippocampal tissues from experimental and control rats was performed. Significant impairment of the working memory was observed in adult rats with sevoflurane exposure for 4-6 h, when compared with the control rats. The results indicated that a total of 264 genes were aberrantly expressed (51 downregulated and 213 upregulated; fold change >2.0; P<0.05; false discovery rate <0.05) in the hippocampus of experimental adult rats compared with those from control rats. Particularly, the expression of caspase-3 gene (CASP3), encoding caspase-3 protein, presented the most significant upregulation, which was further validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis. Further analysis revealed that CASP3 expression level was negatively correlated with the rats' spatial working memory performance, as indicated by the Y-maze test. The level of cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a substrate of caspase-3, was also increased in the hippocampus of experimental adult rats. Thus, the present study revealed that upregulation of caspase-3/cleaved-PARP may be involved in long-term cognitive impairment caused by sevoflurane exposure in infants, which may be useful for the clinical prevention of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233004, P.R. China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233030, P.R. China
| | - Qisheng Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xuewu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- Department of Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233030, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Hefei 233030, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
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29
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Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) Induction by Cocaine Is Post-Transcriptionally Regulated by miR-125b. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0089-17. [PMID: 28828398 PMCID: PMC5562297 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0089-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocaine exposure alters gene expression in the brain via methylation and acetylation of histones along with methylation of DNA. Recently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) catalyzed PARylation has been reported as an important regulator of cocaine-mediated gene expression. In this study, we report that the cellular microRNA “miR-125b” plays a key role for cocaine-induced PARP-1 expression. Acute and chronic cocaine exposure resulted in the downregulation of miR-125b concurrent with upregulation of PARP-1 in dopaminergic neuronal cells and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of mice but not in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) or ventral tegmental area (VTA). In silico analysis predicted a binding site of miR-125b in a conserved 3’-untranslated region (3’UTR) of the PARP-1 mRNA. Knockdown and overexpression studies showed that miR-125b levels negatively correlate with PARP-1 protein expression. Luciferase reporter assay using a vector containing the 3’UTR of PARP-1 mRNA confirmed regulation of PARP-1 by miR-125b. Specific nucleotide mutations within the binding site abrogated miR-125b’s regulatory effect on PARP-1 3’UTR. Finally, we established that downregulation of miR-125b and concurrent upregulation of PARP-1 is dependent on binding of cocaine to the dopamine transporter (DAT). Collectively, these results identify miR-125b as a post-transcriptional regulator of PARP-1 expression and establish a novel mechanism underlying the molecular effects of cocaine action.
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30
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Ordway GA, Szebeni A, Hernandez LJ, Crawford JD, Szebeni K, Chandley MJ, Burgess KC, Miller C, Bakkalbasi E, Brown RW. Antidepressant-Like Actions of Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Rodent Models. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:994-1004. [PMID: 29016792 PMCID: PMC5716178 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients suffering from depressive disorders are refractory to treatment with currently available antidepressant medications, while many more exhibit only a partial response. These factors drive research to discover new pharmacological approaches to treat depression. Numerous studies demonstrate evidence of inflammation and elevated oxidative stress in major depression. Recently, major depression has been shown to be associated with elevated levels of DNA oxidation in brain cells, accompanied by increased gene expression of the nuclear base excision repair enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Given these findings and evidence that drugs that inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity have antiinflammatory and neuroprotective properties, the present study was undertaken to examine the potential antidepressant properties of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. METHODS Two rodent models, the Porsolt swim test and repeated exposure to psychological stressors, were used to test the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide, for potential antidepressant activity. Another poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, 5-aminoisoquinolinone, was also tested. RESULTS Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors produced antidepressant-like effects in the Porsolt swim test, decreasing immobility time, and increasing latency to immobility, similar to the effects of fluoxetine. In addition, 3-aminobenzamide treatment increased sucrose preference and social interaction times relative to vehicle-treated control rats following repeated exposure to combined social defeat and unpredictable stress, mediating effects similar to fluoxetine treatment. CONCLUSIONS The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors 3-aminobenzamide and 5-aminoisoquinolinone exhibit antidepressant-like activity in 2 rodent stress models and uncover poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as a unique molecular target for the potential development of a novel class of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Ordway
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi),Correspondence: Gregory A. Ordway, PhD, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70577, Johnson City, 37614 ()
| | - Attila Szebeni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Liza J Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Jessica D Crawford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Katalin Szebeni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Michelle J Chandley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Katherine C Burgess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Corwin Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Erol Bakkalbasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Russell W Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
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PARP-1 is required for retrieval of cocaine-associated memory by binding to the promoter of a novel gene encoding a putative transposase inhibitor. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:570-579. [PMID: 27595592 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reward-related memory is an important factor in cocaine seeking. One necessary signaling mechanism for long-term memory formation is the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), via poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. We demonstrate herein that auto-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of activated PARP-1 was significantly pronounced during retrieval of cocaine-associated contextual memory, in the central amygdala (CeA) of rats expressing cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP). Intra-CeA pharmacological and short hairpin RNA depletion of PARP-1 activity during cocaine-associated memory retrieval abolished CPP. In contrast, PARP-1 inhibition after memory retrieval did not affect CPP reconsolidation process and subsequent retrievals. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing revealed that PARP-1 binding in the CeA is highly enriched in genes involved in neuronal signaling. We identified among PARP targets in CeA a single gene, yet uncharacterized and encoding a putative transposase inhibitor, at which PARP-1 enrichment markedly increases during cocaine-associated memory retrieval and positively correlates with CPP. Our findings have important implications for understanding drug-related behaviors, and suggest possible future therapeutic targets for drug abuse.
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Lyons LC, Gardner JS, Gandour CE, Krishnan HC. Role of proteasome-dependent protein degradation in long-term operant memory in Aplysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 24:59-64. [PMID: 27980077 PMCID: PMC5159658 DOI: 10.1101/lm.043794.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the in vivo role of protein degradation during intermediate (ITM) and long-term memory (LTM) in Aplysia using an operant learning paradigm. The proteasome inhibitor MG-132 inhibited the induction and molecular consolidation of LTM with no effect on ITM. Remarkably, maintenance of steady-state protein levels through inhibition of protein synthesis using either anisomycin or rapamycin in conjunction with proteasome inhibition permitted the formation of robust 24 h LTM. Our studies suggest a primary role for proteasomal activity in facilitation of gene transcription for LTM and raise the possibility that synaptic mechanisms are sufficient to sustain 24 h memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Lyons
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA
| | - Jacob S Gardner
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA
| | - Catherine E Gandour
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA
| | - Harini C Krishnan
- Department of Biological Science, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA
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33
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Sonet J, Bulteau AL, Chavatte L, García-Barrera T, Gómez-Ariza JL, Callejón-Leblic B, Nischwitz V, Theiner S, Galvez L, Koellensperger G, Keppler BK, Roman M, Barbante C, Neth K, Bornhorst J, Michalke B. Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Metallomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527694907.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Sonet
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Anne-Laure Bulteau
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Laurent Chavatte
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5254; Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE); Technopôle Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot 64000 Pau France
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- University of Huelva; Department of Chemistry, Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez-Ariza
- University of Huelva, Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA); Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - Belén Callejón-Leblic
- University of Huelva; Department of Chemistry, Campus El Carmen; Fuerzas Armadas Ave 21007 Huelva Spain
| | - Volker Nischwitz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich; Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics; Analytics (ZEA-3), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße 52428 Jülich Germany
| | - Sarah Theiner
- University of Vienna; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Luis Galvez
- University of Vienna, Research Platform ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research’; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Waehringer Strasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Marco Roman
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS); Via Torino 155 30172 Venice Italy
| | - Carlo Barbante
- National Research Council; Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes (IDPA-CNR); Via Torino 155 30172 Venice Italy
| | - Katharina Neth
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH; Research Unit: Analytical BioGeoChemistry; Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 85764 Neuherberg Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- University of Potsdam; Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science; Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116 14558 Nuthetal Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH; Research Unit: Analytical BioGeoChemistry; Ingolstädter Landstraße 1 85764 Neuherberg Germany
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A PARP1-ERK2 synergism is required for the induction of LTP. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24950. [PMID: 27121568 PMCID: PMC4848477 DOI: 10.1038/srep24950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unexpectedly, a post-translational modification of DNA-binding proteins, initiating the cell response to single-strand DNA damage, was also required for long-term memory acquisition in a variety of learning paradigms. Our findings disclose a molecular mechanism based on PARP1-Erk synergism, which may underlie this phenomenon. A stimulation induced PARP1 binding to phosphorylated Erk2 in the chromatin of cerebral neurons caused Erk-induced PARP1 activation, rendering transcription factors and promoters of immediate early genes (IEG) accessible to PARP1-bound phosphorylated Erk2. Thus, Erk-induced PARP1 activation mediated IEG expression implicated in long-term memory. PARP1 inhibition, silencing, or genetic deletion abrogated stimulation-induced Erk-recruitment to IEG promoters, gene expression and LTP generation in hippocampal CA3-CA1-connections. Moreover, a predominant binding of PARP1 to single-strand DNA breaks, occluding its Erk binding sites, suppressed IEG expression and prevented the generation of LTP. These findings outline a PARP1-dependent mechanism required for LTP generation, which may be implicated in long-term memory acquisition and in its deterioration in senescence.
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Nucleolar PARP-1 Expression Is Decreased in Alzheimer's Disease: Consequences for Epigenetic Regulation of rDNA and Cognition. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:8987928. [PMID: 27034851 PMCID: PMC4789469 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8987928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is thought to play a major role in memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). PARP-1 has been identified as an epigenetic regulator of plasticity and memory. Thus, we hypothesize that PARP-1 may be altered in postmortem hippocampus of individuals with AD compared to age-matched controls without neurologic disease. We found a reduced level of PARP-1 nucleolar immunohistochemical staining in hippocampal pyramidal cells in AD. Nucleolar PARP-1 staining ranged from dispersed and less intense to entirely absent in AD compared to the distinct nucleolar localization in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in controls. In cases of AD, the percentage of hippocampal pyramidal cells with nucleoli that were positive for both PARP-1 and the nucleolar marker fibrillarin was significantly lower than in controls. PARP-1 nucleolar expression emerges as a sensitive marker of functional changes in AD and suggests a novel role for PARP-1 dysregulation in AD pathology.
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Inhibition of PARP-1 participates in the mechanisms of propofol-induced amnesia in mice and human. Brain Res 2016; 1637:137-145. [PMID: 26921778 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has emerged as an important regulator in learning and memory. Propofol leads to amnesia, however, the mechanism remains unclear. The present study was designed to examine whether and how PARP-1 plays a role in propofol-induced amnesia. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with propofol before acquisition training. Cognitive function was evaluated by object recognition test. PARP-1 and PAR expression was determined through Western blot. The protein and mRNA levels of Arc and c-Fos were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. Thirty volunteers were assigned to three groups according to codon 762 variation of PARP-1 gene (rs1136410). They learned word lists awake and during propofol sedation. Their cognitive traits were evaluated through fMRI. Rodent data demonstrated that propofol inhibited acquisition-induced increase in PARP-1 and PAR, thereby suppressing Arc and c-Fos, which impaired object recognition 24h after learning. Consistent with this, carriers of a low-catalyzing function PARP-1 variant (Val762Ala) exhibited decreased retrieval-induced hippocampal reactivity 24h after learning under propofol-sedative condition. These findings suggested that inhibition of PARP-1 might participate in the mechanism of propofol-induced amnesia in mice and human. More generally, our approach illustrated a potential translational research bridging animal models and human studies.
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Vuong B, Hogan-Cann ADJ, Alano CC, Stevenson M, Chan WY, Anderson CM, Swanson RA, Kauppinen TM. NF-κB transcriptional activation by TNFα requires phospholipase C, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:229. [PMID: 26637332 PMCID: PMC4670503 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is required for pro-inflammatory effects of TNFα. Our previous studies demonstrated that PARP-1 mediates TNFα-induced NF-κB activation in glia. Here, we evaluated the mechanisms by which TNFα activates PARP-1 and PARP-1 mediates NF-κB activation. METHODS Primary cultures of mouse cortical astrocytes and microglia were treated with TNFα and suitable signaling pathway modulators (pharmacological and molecular). Outcome measures included calcium imaging, PARP-1 activation status, NF-κB transcriptional activity, DNA damage assesment and cytokine relesease profiling. RESULTS TNFα induces PARP-1 activation in the absence of detectable DNA strand breaks, as measured by the PANT assay. TNFα-induced transcriptional activation of NF-κB requires PARP-1 enzymatic activity. Enzymatic activation of PARP-1 by TNFα was blocked in Ca(2+)-free medium, by Ca(2+) chelation with BAPTA-AM, and by D609, an inhibitor of phoshatidyl choline-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC), but not by thapsigargin or by U73112, an inhibitor of phosphatidyl inisitol-specific PLC (PI -PLC). A TNFR1 blocking antibody reduced Ca(2+) influx and PARP-1 activation. TNFα-induced PARP-1 activation was also blocked by siRNA downregulation of ERK2 and by PD98059, an inhibitor of the MEK / ERK protein kinase cascade. Moreover, TNFα-induced NF-κB (p65) transcriptional activation was absent in cells expressing PARP-1 that lacked ERK2 phosphorylation sites, while basal NF-κB transcriptional activation increased in cells expressing PARP-1 with a phosphomimetic substitution at an ERK2 phophorylation site. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TNFα induces PARP-1 activation through a signaling pathway involving TNFR1, Ca(2+) influx, activation of PC-PLC, and activation of the MEK1 / ERK2 protein kinase cascade. TNFα-induced PARP-1 activation is not associated with DNA damage, but ERK2 mediated phosphorylation of PARP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy Vuong
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada. .,Neuroscience Research Program, Health Sciences Centre and College of Medicine, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Adam D J Hogan-Cann
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada. .,Neuroscience Research Program, Health Sciences Centre and College of Medicine, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Conrad C Alano
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
| | - Mackenzie Stevenson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada. .,Neuroscience Research Program, Health Sciences Centre and College of Medicine, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Wai Yee Chan
- Present Address: Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Christopher M Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada. .,Neuroscience Research Program, Health Sciences Centre and College of Medicine, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
| | - Tiina M Kauppinen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 753 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada. .,Neuroscience Research Program, Health Sciences Centre and College of Medicine, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, 710 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z3, Canada.
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Inaba H, Tsukagoshi A, Kida S. PARP-1 activity is required for the reconsolidation and extinction of contextual fear memory. Mol Brain 2015; 8:63. [PMID: 26471780 PMCID: PMC4608138 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction have been shown to require new gene expression. Poly ADP-ribosylation mediated by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is known to regulate transcription through histone modification. Recent studies have suggested that PARP-1 positively regulates the formation of long-term memory (LTM); however, the roles of PARP-1 in memory processes, especially processes after retrieval, remain unknown. RESULTS Here, we show critical roles for PARP-1 in the consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction of contextual fear memory in mice. We examined the effects of pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 activity in the hippocampus or medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) on these memory processes. Similarly with previous findings, a micro-infusion of the PARP-1 inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide or PJ34 into the dorsal hippocampus, but not mPFC, impaired LTM formation without affecting short-term memory (STM). Importantly, this pharmacological blockade of PARP-1 in the dorsal hippocampus, but not mPFC, also disrupted post-reactivation LTM without affecting post-reactivation STM. Conversely, micro-infusion of the PARP-1 inhibitors into the mPFC, but not dorsal hippocampus, blocked long-term extinction. Additionally, systemic administration of the PARP-1 inhibitor Tiq-A blocked c-fos induction in the hippocampus, which is observed when memory is consolidated or reconsolidated, and also blocked c-fos induction in the mPFC, which is observed when memory is extinguished. CONCLUSIONS Our observations showed that PARP-1 activation is required for the consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction of contextual fear memory and suggested that PARP-1 contributes to the new gene expression necessary for these memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Inaba
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
| | - Akinori Tsukagoshi
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kida
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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Bjornsson HT, Benjamin JS, Zhang L, Weissman J, Gerber EE, Chen YC, Vaurio RG, Potter MC, Hansen KD, Dietz HC. Histone deacetylase inhibition rescues structural and functional brain deficits in a mouse model of Kabuki syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:256ra135. [PMID: 25273096 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome is caused by haploinsufficiency for either of two genes that promote the opening of chromatin. If an imbalance between open and closed chromatin is central to the pathogenesis of Kabuki syndrome, agents that promote chromatin opening might have therapeutic potential. We have characterized a mouse model of Kabuki syndrome with a heterozygous deletion in the gene encoding the lysine-specific methyltransferase 2D (Kmt2d), leading to impairment of methyltransferase function. In vitro reporter alleles demonstrated a reduction in histone 4 acetylation and histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) activity in mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Kmt2d(+/βGeo) mice. These activities were normalized in response to AR-42, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. In vivo, deficiency of H3K4me3 in the dentate gyrus granule cell layer of Kmt2d(+/βGeo) mice correlated with reduced neurogenesis and hippocampal memory defects. These abnormalities improved upon postnatal treatment with AR-42. Our work suggests that a reversible deficiency in postnatal neurogenesis underlies intellectual disability in Kabuki syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans T Bjornsson
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Joel S Benjamin
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Predoctoral Training Program in Human Genetics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jacqueline Weissman
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Gerber
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Michelle C Potter
- Brain Science Institute, Neurology Department, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kasper D Hansen
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Lee Y, Kang HC, Lee BD, Lee YI, Kim YP, Shin JH. Poly (ADP-ribose) in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. BMB Rep 2015; 47:424-32. [PMID: 24874851 PMCID: PMC4206713 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.8.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The defining feature of Parkinson's disease is a progressive and selective demise of dopaminergic neurons. A recent report on Parkinson's disease animal model demonstrates that poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) dependent cell death, also named parthanatos, is accountable for selective dopaminergic neuronal loss. Parthanatos is a programmed necrotic cell death, characterized by PARP1 activation, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation, and large scale DNA fragmentation. Besides cell death regulation via interaction with AIF, PAR molecule mediates diverse cellular processes including genomic stability, cell division, transcription, epigenetic regulation, and stress granule formation. In this review, we will discuss the roles of PARP1 activation and PAR molecules in the pathological processes of Parkinson's disease. Potential interaction between PAR molecule and Parkinson's disease protein interactome are briefly introduced. Finally, we suggest promising points of therapeutic intervention in the pathological PAR signaling cascade to halt progression in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjong Lee
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering; Departments of Physiology, and Neurology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ho Chul Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering; Departments of Neurology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-721, Korea
| | - Byoung Dae Lee
- Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 443-803, Korea
| | - Young Pil Kim
- Department of Bio-Engineering, Life Science RD Center, Sinil Pharmaceutical Co., Seoul 462-807, Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Shin
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering; Departments of Neurology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Acyl-CoA-binding domain containing 3 modulates NAD+ metabolism through activating poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1. Biochem J 2015; 469:189-98. [PMID: 25940138 DOI: 10.1042/bj20141487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
NAD(+) plays essential roles in cellular energy homoeostasis and redox state, functioning as a cofactor along the glycolysis and citric acid cycle pathways. Recent discoveries indicated that, through the NAD(+)-consuming enzymes, this molecule may also be involved in many other cellular and biological outcomes such as chromatin remodelling, gene transcription, genomic integrity, cell division, calcium signalling, circadian clock and pluripotency. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is such an enzyme and dysfunctional PARP1 has been linked with the onset and development of various human diseases, including cancer, aging, traumatic brain injury, atherosclerosis, diabetes and inflammation. In the present study, we showed that overexpressed acyl-CoA-binding domain containing 3 (ACBD3), a Golgi-bound protein, significantly reduced cellular NAD(+) content via enhancing PARP1's polymerase activity and enhancing auto-modification of the enzyme in a DNA damage-independent manner. We identified that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 as well as de novo fatty acid biosynthesis pathways are involved in ACBD3-mediated activation of PARP1. Importantly, oxidative stress-induced PARP1 activation is greatly attenuated by knocking down the ACBD3 gene. Taken together, these findings suggest that ACBD3 has prominent impacts on cellular NAD(+) metabolism via regulating PARP1 activation-dependent auto-modification and thus cell metabolism and function.
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Hernández AI, Alarcon JM, Allen KD. New ribosomes for new memories? Commun Integr Biol 2015; 8:e1017163. [PMID: 26479998 PMCID: PMC4594611 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1017163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Widely thought to be a housekeeping process, the regulation and synthesis of rRNA emerges as a potentially central mechanism for the maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory. We have recently shown that an essential component of late-phase synaptic plasticity is rRNA biosynthesis — the rate-limiting step in the production of new ribosomes. We hypothesize that a particular population of ribosomes is generated upon learning-associated neural activity to alter the rate of synthesis of plasticity factors at tagged synapses that will support the maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iván Hernández
- Department of Pathology; State University of New York; Downstate Medical Center ; Brooklyn, New York ; The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science; State University of New York; Downstate Medical Center ; Brooklyn, New York
| | - Juan M Alarcon
- Department of Pathology; State University of New York; Downstate Medical Center ; Brooklyn, New York ; The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science; State University of New York; Downstate Medical Center ; Brooklyn, New York
| | - Kim D Allen
- Department of Pathology; State University of New York; Downstate Medical Center ; Brooklyn, New York
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Hawkins RD, Byrne JH. Associative learning in invertebrates. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2015; 7:cshperspect.a021709. [PMID: 25877219 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a021709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews research on neural mechanisms of two types of associative learning in the marine mollusk Aplysia, classical conditioning of the gill- and siphon-withdrawal reflex and operant conditioning of feeding behavior. Basic classical conditioning is caused in part by activity-dependent facilitation at sensory neuron-motor neuron (SN-MN) synapses and involves a hybrid combination of activity-dependent presynaptic facilitation and Hebbian potentiation, which are coordinated by trans-synaptic signaling. Classical conditioning also shows several higher-order features, which might be explained by the known circuit connections in Aplysia. Operant conditioning is caused in part by a different type of mechanism, an intrinsic increase in excitability of an identified neuron in the central pattern generator (CPG) for feeding. However, for both classical and operant conditioning, adenylyl cyclase is a molecular site of convergence of the two signals that are associated. Learning in other invertebrate preparations also involves many of the same mechanisms, which may contribute to learning in vertebrates as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hawkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032 New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - John H Byrne
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
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The natural history of ADP-ribosyltransferases and the ADP-ribosylation system. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 384:3-32. [PMID: 25027823 DOI: 10.1007/82_2014_414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Catalysis of NAD(+)-dependent ADP-ribosylation of proteins, nucleic acids, or small molecules has evolved in at least three structurally unrelated superfamilies of enzymes, namely ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART), the Sirtuins, and probably TM1506. Of these, the ART superfamily is the most diverse in terms of structure, active site residues, and targets that they modify. The primary diversification of the ART superfamily occurred in the context of diverse bacterial conflict systems, wherein ARTs play both offensive and defensive roles. These include toxin-antitoxin systems, virus-host interactions, intraspecific antagonism (polymorphic toxins), symbiont/parasite effectors/toxins, resistance to antibiotics, and repair of RNAs cleaved in conflicts. ARTs evolving in these systems have been repeatedly acquired by lateral transfer throughout eukaryotic evolution, starting from the PARP family, which was acquired prior to the last eukaryotic common ancestor. They were incorporated into eukaryotic regulatory/epigenetic control systems (e.g., PARP family and NEURL4), and also used as defensive (e.g., pierisin and CARP-1 families) or immunity-related proteins (e.g., Gig2-like ARTs). The ADP-ribosylation system also includes other domains, such as the Macro, ADP-ribosyl glycohydrolase, NADAR, and ADP-ribosyl cyclase, which appear to have initially diversified in bacterial conflict-related systems. Unlike ARTs, sirtuins appear to have a much smaller presence in conflict-related systems.
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Son EY, Crabtree GR. The role of BAF (mSWI/SNF) complexes in mammalian neural development. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 166C:333-49. [PMID: 25195934 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The BAF (mammalian SWI/SNF) complexes are a family of multi-subunit ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers that use ATP hydrolysis to alter chromatin structure. Distinct BAF complex compositions are possible through combinatorial assembly of homologous subunit families and can serve non-redundant functions. In mammalian neural development, developmental stage-specific BAF assemblies are found in embryonic stem cells, neural progenitors and postmitotic neurons. In particular, the neural progenitor-specific BAF complexes are essential for controlling the kinetics and mode of neural progenitor cell division, while neuronal BAF function is necessary for the maturation of postmitotic neuronal phenotypes as well as long-term memory formation. The microRNA-mediated mechanism for transitioning from npBAF to nBAF complexes is instructive for the neuronal fate and can even convert fibroblasts into neurons. The high frequency of BAF subunit mutations in neurological disorders underscores the rate-determining role of BAF complexes in neural development, homeostasis, and plasticity.
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Allen KD, Gourov AV, Harte C, Gao P, Lee C, Sylvain D, Splett JM, Oxberry WC, van de Nes PS, Troy-Regier MJ, Wolk J, Alarcon JM, Hernández AI. Nucleolar integrity is required for the maintenance of long-term synaptic plasticity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104364. [PMID: 25089620 PMCID: PMC4121280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term memory (LTM) formation requires new protein synthesis and new gene expression. Based on our work in Aplysia, we hypothesized that the rRNA genes, stimulation-dependent targets of the enzyme Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), are primary effectors of the activity-dependent changes in synaptic function that maintain synaptic plasticity and memory. Using electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, pharmacology and molecular biology techniques, we show here, for the first time, that the maintenance of forskolin-induced late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) in mouse hippocampal slices requires nucleolar integrity and the expression of new rRNAs. The activity-dependent upregulation of rRNA, as well as L-LTP expression, are poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) dependent and accompanied by an increase in nuclear PARP-1 and Poly(ADP) ribose molecules (pADPr) after forskolin stimulation. The upregulation of PARP-1 and pADPr is regulated by Protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)--two kinases strongly associated with long-term plasticity and learning and memory. Selective inhibition of RNA Polymerase I (Pol I), responsible for the synthesis of precursor rRNA, results in the segmentation of nucleoli, the exclusion of PARP-1 from functional nucleolar compartments and disrupted L-LTP maintenance. Taken as a whole, these results suggest that new rRNAs (28S, 18S, and 5.8S ribosomal components)--hence, new ribosomes and nucleoli integrity--are required for the maintenance of long-term synaptic plasticity. This provides a mechanistic link between stimulation-dependent gene expression and the new protein synthesis known to be required for memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D. Allen
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Health and Technology, City University of New York, Medgar Evers College, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrei V. Gourov
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher Harte
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Clarice Lee
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Darlene Sylvain
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Joshua M. Splett
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - William C. Oxberry
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Paula S. van de Nes
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Troy-Regier
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jason Wolk
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Juan M. Alarcon
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JMA); (AIH)
| | - A. Iván Hernández
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JMA); (AIH)
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Ravi B, Kannan M. Epigenetics in the nervous system: An overview of its essential role. INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2014; 19:384-91. [PMID: 24497700 PMCID: PMC3897130 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.124357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The role that epigenetic mechanisms play in phenomena such as cellular differentiation during embryonic development, X chromosome inactivation, and cancers is well-characterized. Epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated to be the mediators of several functions in the nervous system such as in neuronal-glial differentiation, adult neurogenesis, the modulation of neural behavior and neural plasticity, and also in higher brain functions like cognition and memory. Its particular role in explaining the importance of early life/social experiences on adult behavioral patterns has caught the attention of scientists and has spawned the exciting new field of behavioral epigenetics which may hold the key to explaining many complex behavioral paradigms. Epigenetic deregulation is known to be central in the etiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders which underscore the importance of understanding these mechanisms more thoroughly to elucidate novel and effective therapeutic approaches. In this review we present an overview of the findings which point to the essential role played by epigenetics in the vertebrate nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Ravi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manoj Kannan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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Abstract
Many of the long-term effects of cocaine on the brain's reward circuitry have been shown to be mediated by alterations in gene expression. Several chromatin modifications, including histone acetylation and methylation, have been implicated in this regulation, but the effect of other histone modifications remains poorly understood. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a ubiquitous and abundant nuclear protein, catalyzes the synthesis of a negatively charged polymer called poly(ADP-ribose) or PAR on histones and other substrate proteins and forms transcriptional regulatory complexes with several other chromatin proteins. Here, we identify an essential role for PARP-1 in cocaine-induced molecular, neural, and behavioral plasticity. Repeated cocaine administration, including self-administration, increased global levels of PARP-1 and its mark PAR in mouse nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key brain reward region. Using PARP-1 inhibitors and viral-mediated gene transfer, we established that PARP-1 induction in NAc mediates enhanced behavioral responses to cocaine, including increased self-administration of the drug. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, we demonstrated a global, genome-wide enrichment of PARP-1 in NAc of cocaine-exposed mice and identified several PARP-1 target genes that could contribute to the lasting effects of cocaine. Specifically, we identified sidekick-1--important for synaptic connections during development--as a critical PARP-1 target gene involved in cocaine's behavioral effects as well as in its ability to induce dendritic spines on NAc neurons. These findings establish the involvement of PARP-1 and PARylation in the long-term actions of cocaine.
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Gavin DP, Floreani C. Epigenetics of schizophrenia: an open and shut case. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2014; 115:155-201. [PMID: 25131545 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801311-3.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade and a half, there has been an explosion of data regarding epigenetic changes in schizophrenia. Most initial studies have suggested that schizophrenia is characterized by an overly restrictive chromatin state based on increases in transcription silencing histone modifications and DNA methylation at schizophrenia candidate gene promoters and increases in the expression of enzymes that catalyze their formation. However, recent studies indicate that the pathology is more complex. This complexity may greatly impact pharmacological approaches directed at targeting epigenetic abnormalities in schizophrenia. The current review explores epigenetic studies of schizophrenia and what this can tell us about the underlying pathophysiology. We hypothesize based on recent studies that it is also plausible that drugs that further restrict chromatin may be efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Gavin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Christina Floreani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Abstract
Although all neurons carry the same genetic information, they vary considerably in morphology and functions and respond differently to environmental conditions. Such variability results mostly from differences in gene expression. Among the processes that regulate gene activity, epigenetic mechanisms play a key role and provide an additional layer of complexity to the genome. They allow the dynamic modulation of gene expression in a locus- and cell-specific manner. These mechanisms primarily involve DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of histones and noncoding RNAs that together remodel chromatin and facilitate or suppress gene expression. Through these mechanisms, the brain gains high plasticity in response to experience and can integrate and store new information to shape future neuronal and behavioral responses. Dynamic epigenetic footprints underlying the plasticity of brain cells and circuits contribute to the persistent impact of life experiences on an individual's behavior and physiology ranging from the formation of long-term memory to the sequelae of traumatic events or of drug addiction. They also contribute to the way lifestyle, life events, or exposure to environmental toxins can predispose an individual to disease. This chapter describes the most prominent examples of epigenetic marks associated with long-lasting changes in the brain induced by experience. It discusses the role of epigenetic processes in behavioral plasticity triggered by environmental experiences. A particular focus is placed on learning and memory where the importance of epigenetic modifications in brain circuits is best understood. The relevance of epigenetics in memory disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease is also addressed, and promising perspectives for potential epigenetic drug treatment discussed.
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