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Ranđelović D, Jakovljević K, Šinžar-Sekulić J, Kuzmič F, Šilc U. Recognising the role of ruderal species in restoration of degraded lands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173104. [PMID: 38729357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Ruderal plants are an important component of plant communities that develop on the range of anthropogenically degraded lands. Yet they were highly neglected and not recognised as desirable for restoration purposes. The aim of this study was to analyse the potential for using ruderal species in restoration processes and to identify preliminary criteria for species selection that could be included in ecological restoration of degraded man-made habitats under future conditions of increased human disturbance and climate changes. The desirable characteristics of the species depend primarily on the type of habitat to be restored, with plant height, specific leaf area, rooting depth and seed characteristics being the most important traits. The recognised ecosystem services of the species analysed show that the provisioning and regulating services are well represented, particularly erosion control, pollination, phytoremediation and other soil quality improvements. Most of the dominant and diagnostic ruderal species from the man-made habitats of the north-western Balkan Peninsula are sensitive to climate change and their potential distribution range is expected to decrease at the European scale. Higher certain ecological indicator values, as well as values for disturbance severity, frequency and soil disturbance indices were found for species that are expected to increase their range. Ruderal species are becoming increasingly important for restoration purposes, as the focus shifts to the significance of early successional species. The inclusion of ruderal species in the restoration of degraded sites should be based on criteria such as: non-invasiveness, plant traits favourable for colonisation (height, SLA, seed traits, rooting depth), values of ecological and disturbance indices, provision of ecosystem services, and change of distribution range under changing climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Ranđelović
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Franchet d'Esperey Boulevard 86, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ksenija Jakovljević
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasmina Šinžar-Sekulić
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Filip Kuzmič
- ZRC SAZU, Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Novi trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Urban Šilc
- ZRC SAZU, Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, Novi trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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2
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Bhatia U, Dubey S, Gouhier TC, Ganguly AR. Network-based restoration strategies maximize ecosystem recovery. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1256. [PMID: 38086885 PMCID: PMC10716433 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Redressing global patterns of biodiversity loss requires quantitative frameworks that can predict ecosystem collapse and inform restoration strategies. By applying a network-based dynamical approach to synthetic and real-world mutualistic ecosystems, we show that biodiversity recovery following collapse is maximized when extirpated species are reintroduced based solely on their total number of connections in the original interaction network. More complex network-based strategies that prioritize the reintroduction of species that improve 'higher order' topological features such as compartmentalization do not provide meaningful performance improvements. These results suggest that it is possible to design nearly optimal restoration strategies that maximize biodiversity recovery for data-poor ecosystems in order to ensure the delivery of critical natural services that fuel economic development, food security, and human health around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Bhatia
- Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
- Sustainability and Data Sciences Lab, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sarth Dubey
- Discipline of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Tarik C Gouhier
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA, 01908, USA
| | - Auroop R Ganguly
- Sustainability and Data Sciences Lab, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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3
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Curran MF, Sorenson JR, Craft ZA, Crow TM, Robinson TJ, Stahl PD. Ecological Restoration Practices within a Semi-arid Natural Gas Field Improve Insect Abundance and Diversity during Early and Late Growing Season. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010134. [PMID: 36611743 PMCID: PMC9817726 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are critical components of terrestrial ecosystems and are often considered ecosystem engineers. Due to the vast amount of ecosystem services they provide, because statistically valid samples can be captured in short durations, and because they respond rapidly to environmental change, insects have been used as indicators of restoration success and ecosystem functionality. In Wyoming (USA), ecological restoration required on thousands of acres of land surface have been disturbed to extract natural gas. In this study, we compared early seral reclamation sites to reference areas at two points within a growing season. We compared insect abundance and family richness on 6 natural gas well pads with early season perennial forbs and 6 well pads with the late season to insect communities on adjacent reference areas. A total of 237 individual insects were found on early season reclaimed sites compared to 84 on reference sites, while 858 insects were found on late season reclaimed sites compared to 38 on reference sites. Insect abundance was significantly higher on reclaimed well pads compared to reference areas at both points in the growing season, while reclaimed sites had significantly higher Shannon Diversity Index in early season and significantly higher family richness in late season compared to their paired reference sites. We also found interesting differences in abundance at family levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Curran
- Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
- Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
- Ecosystem Science & Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Zoe A. Craft
- Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Taylor M. Crow
- Department of Plant Science, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Timothy J. Robinson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Peter D. Stahl
- Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
- Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
- Ecosystem Science & Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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4
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Ong TW, Lin BB, Lucatero A, Cohen H, Bichier P, Egerer MH, Danieu A, Jha S, Philpott SM, Liere H. Rarity begets rarity: Social and environmental drivers of rare organisms in cities. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2708. [PMID: 35810452 PMCID: PMC10078586 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cities are sometimes characterized as homogenous with species assemblages composed of abundant, generalist species having similar ecological functions. Under this assumption, rare species, or species observed infrequently, would have especially high conservation value in cities for their potential to increase functional diversity. Management to increase the number of rare species in cities could be an important conservation strategy in a rapidly urbanizing world. However, most studies of species rarity define rarity in relatively pristine environments where human management and disturbance is minimized. We know little about what species are rare, how many species are rare, and what management practices promote rare species in urban environments. Here, we identified which plants and species of birds and bees that control pests and pollinate crops are rare in urban gardens and assessed how social, biophysical factors, and cross-taxonomic comparisons influence rare species richness. We found overwhelming numbers of rare species, with more than 50% of plants observed classified as rare. Our results highlight the importance of women, older individuals, and gardeners who live closer to garden sites in increasing the number of rare plants within urban areas. Fewer rare plants were found in older gardens and gardens with more bare soil. There were more rare bird species in larger gardens and more rare bee species for which canopy cover was higher. We also found that in some cases, rarity begets rarity, with positive correlations found between the number of rare plants and bee species and between bee and bird species. Overall, our results suggest that urban gardens include a high number of species existing at low frequency and that social and biophysical factors promoting rare, planned biodiversity can cascade down to promote rare, associated biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa W. Ong
- Department of Environmental Studies, Ecology, Evolution, Environment & Society Graduate ProgramDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - Brenda B. Lin
- CSIRO Land and Water FlagshipBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Azucena Lucatero
- Environmental Studies DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hamutahl Cohen
- Institute for Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Florida, Collier Extension ServiceNaplesFloridaUSA
| | - Peter Bichier
- Environmental Studies DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - Monika H. Egerer
- Department of Life Science SystemsSchool of Life Sciences, Technische Universität MünchenFreisingGermany
| | - Alana Danieu
- Department of Environmental Studies, Ecology, Evolution, Environment & Society Graduate ProgramDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HampshireUSA
| | - Shalene Jha
- Integrative Biology DepartmentUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTexasUSA
| | - Stacy M. Philpott
- Environmental Studies DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - Heidi Liere
- Environmental Studies DepartmentSeattle UniversitySeattleWashingtonUSA
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5
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De Vitis M, Havens K, Barak RS, Egerton-Warburton L, Ernst AR, Evans M, Fant JB, Foxx AJ, Hadley K, Jabcon J, O’Shaughnessey J, Ramakrishna S, Sollenberger D, Taddeo S, Urbina-Casanova R, Woolridge C, Xu L, Zeldin J, Kramer AT. Why are some plant species missing from restorations? A diagnostic tool for temperate grassland ecosystems. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.1028295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The U.N. Decade on Ecosystem Restoration aims to accelerate actions to prevent, halt, and reverse the degradation of ecosystems, and re-establish ecosystem functioning and species diversity. The practice of ecological restoration has made great progress in recent decades, as has recognition of the importance of species diversity to maintaining the long-term stability and functioning of restored ecosystems. Restorations may also focus on specific species to fulfill needed functions, such as supporting dependent wildlife or mitigating extinction risk. Yet even in the most carefully planned and managed restoration, target species may fail to germinate, establish, or persist. To support the successful reintroduction of ecologically and culturally important plant species with an emphasis on temperate grasslands, we developed a tool to diagnose common causes of missing species, focusing on four major categories of filters, or factors: genetic, biotic, abiotic, and planning & land management. Through a review of the scientific literature, we propose a series of diagnostic tests to identify potential causes of failure to restore target species, and treatments that could improve future outcomes. This practical diagnostic tool is meant to strengthen collaboration between restoration practitioners and researchers on diagnosing and treating causes of missing species in order to effectively restore them.
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Nabors A, Hung KLJ, Corkidi L, Bethke JA. California Native Perennials Attract Greater Native Pollinator Abundance and Diversity Than Nonnative, Commercially Available Ornamentals in Southern California. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:836-847. [PMID: 35854655 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While many factors have been implicated in global pollinator decline, habitat loss is a key driver of wild pollinator decline in both abundance and species richness. An increase in and diversification of pollinator habitat, even in urban settings, can assist in the conservation of pollinator populations. In Southern California, a highly fragmented and urbanized landscape with a rich yet threatened native pollinator fauna, the availability of food resources for native pollinators hinges largely upon the selection of ornamental plants grown in the urban landscape. To examine the pollinator attractiveness of ornamental plants in a Southern California context, we installed an experimental garden with common California native and nonnative ornamental perennials and observed floral visitation and visitor community composition for 3 yr. Our study demonstrates that while native pollinators visited common ornamental perennials native to California at a higher rate than they visited nonnative ornamentals, introduced honey bees showed no significant preference for either native or nonnative species. Native plants also received a greater diversity of visitor taxa, including a richer suite of native bees. Plant species differed dramatically in attractiveness, by as much as a factor of 12, even within the native status group. Our results suggest that including a data-driven selection of both native and non-native ornamental perennials in the urban landscape can diversify the assemblage of native pollinators, provide critical floral resources throughout the year, and reduce the impact of honey bee landscape foraging dominance by providing plants highly attractive to native pollinators and less so to honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Nabors
- University of California Cooperative Extension, San Diego County, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Keng-Lou James Hung
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory & Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Lea Corkidi
- University of California Cooperative Extension, San Diego County, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - James A Bethke
- University of California Cooperative Extension, San Diego County, San Diego, CA, USA
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7
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Andrews CE, Anderson SH, van der Walt K, Thorogood R, Ewen JG. Evaluating the success of functional restoration after reintroduction of a lost avian pollinator. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2022; 36:e13892. [PMID: 35171538 PMCID: PMC9545379 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conservation translocation is a common method for species recovery, for which one increasingly frequent objective is restoring lost ecological functions to promote ecosystem recovery. However, few conservation translocation programs explicitly state or monitor function as an objective, limiting the ability to test assumptions, learn from past efforts, and improve management. We evaluated whether translocations of hihi (Notiomystis cincta), a threatened New Zealand passerine, achieved their implicit objective of restoring lost pollination function. Through a pollinator-exclusion experiment, we quantified, with log response ratios (lnR), the effects of birds on fruit set and seed quality in hangehange (Geniostoma ligustrifolium), a native flowering shrub. We isolated the contributions of hihi by making comparisons across sites with and without hihi. Birds improved fruit set more at sites without hihi (lnR = 1.27) than sites with hihi (lnR = 0.50), suggesting other avian pollinators compensated for and even exceeded hihi contributions to fruit set. Although birds improved seed germination only at hihi sites (lnR = 0.22-0.41), plants at sites without hihi had germination rates similar to hihi sites because they produced 26% more filled seeds, regardless of pollination condition. Therefore, although our results showed hihi improved seed quality, they also highlighted the complexity of ecological functions. When an important species is lost, ecosystems may be able to achieve similar function through different means. Our results underscore the importance of stating and monitoring the ecological benefits of conservation translocations when functional restoration is a motivation to ensure these programs are achieving their objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Andrews
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Institute of ZoologyZoological Society of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Karin van der Walt
- Ōtari Native Botanic Garden and Wilton's Bush ReserveWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Rose Thorogood
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE)University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Research Program in Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - John G. Ewen
- Institute of ZoologyZoological Society of LondonLondonUK
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8
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Ballarin CS, Hachuy‐Filho L, Doria MJW, Giffu MM, Polizello DS, Oliveira PH, Lacerda‐Barbosa PA, Amorim FW. Intra‐seasonal and daily variations in nectar availability affect bee assemblage in a monodominant afforested Brazilian Cerrado. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caio S. Ballarin
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Leandro Hachuy‐Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Maria Júlia W. Doria
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Murilo M. Giffu
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Diego S. Polizello
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Pablo H. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Pedro A. Lacerda‐Barbosa
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
| | - Felipe W. Amorim
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações – LEPI Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Street Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin CEP 18618‐689 Botucatu São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” São Paulo São Paulo State Brazil
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9
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Latinovic A, Nichols DS, Adams VM, McQuillan PB. Grouped SPME Comparison of Floral Scent as a Method of Unlocking Phylogenetic Patterns in Volatiles. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.795122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global crop production rate has exceeded the availability of pollination services provided by managed honeybees, and habitat loss remains a key factor in the loss of wild pollinators. Revegetation of agricultural land and wild pollination may provide a solution; however, the collection of floral trait data that are correlated to pollinator preferences remains an under studied and complex process. Here, we demonstrate a method for scent analysis, ordination [non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS)], and clustering outputs that provides a fast and reproducible procedure for a broad grouping of flora based on scent and unlocking characteristic inter-floral patterns. We report the floral profiles of 15 unstudied native Australian plant species and the extent to which they match the commonly cultivated seed crops of Daucus carota L and Brassica rapa L. Through solid-phase microextraction (SPME) paired with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we identify a set of inter-family shared, common floral volatiles from these plant species as well as unique and characteristic patterns.
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Lybbert AH, Cusser SJ, Hung KLJ, Goodell K. Ten-year trends reveal declining quality of seeded pollinator habitat on reclaimed mines regardless of seed mix diversity. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e02467. [PMID: 34614245 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant-pollinator interactions represent a crucial ecosystem function threatened by anthropogenic landscape changes. Disturbances that reduce plant diversity are associated with floral resource and pollinator declines. Establishing wildflower plantings is a major conservation strategy targeting pollinators, the success of which depends on long-term persistence of seeded floral communities. However, most pollinator-oriented seeding projects are monitored for a few years, making it difficult to evaluate the longevity of such interventions. Selecting plant species to provide pollinators diverse arrays of floral resources throughout their activity season is often limited by budgetary constraints and other conservation priorities. To evaluate the long-term persistence of prairie vegetation seeded to support pollinators, we sowed wildflower seed mixes into plots on a degraded reclaimed strip-mine landscape in central Ohio, USA. We examined how pollinator habitat quality, measured as floral abundance and diversity, changed over 10 years (2009-2019) in the absence of management, over the course of the blooming season within each year, and across three seed mixes containing different numbers and combinations of flowering plant species. Seeded species floral abundance declined by more than 75% over the study, with the largest decline occurring between the fifth and seventh summers. Native and non-native adventive flowering plants quickly colonized the plots and represented >50% of floral community abundances on average. Floral richness remained relatively constant throughout the study, with a small peak one year after plot establishment. Plots seeded with High-Diversity Mixes averaged two or three more species per plot compared with a Low-Diversity Mix, despite having been seeded with twice as many plant species. Within years, the abundance and diversity of seeded species were lowest early in the blooming season and increased monotonically from June to August. Adventive species exhibited the opposite trend, such that complementary abundance patterns of seeded and adventive species blooms resulted in a relatively constant floral abundance across the growing season. Seeded plant communities followed classic successional patterns in which annual species quickly established and flowered but were replaced by perennial species after the first few summers. Long-term data on establishment and persistence of flower species can guide species selection for future-oriented pollinator habitat restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Lybbert
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43202, USA
- Department of Biology, Methodist University, 5400 Ramsey St., Fayetteville, North Carolina, 28311, USA
| | - Sarah J Cusser
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, 3700 East Gull Lake Rd, Hickory Corner, Michigan, 49007, USA
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, 05405, USA
| | - Keng-Lou James Hung
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43202, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Karen Goodell
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 1179 University Drive, Newark, Ohio, 43055, USA
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11
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Fernandes RE, Millar MA, Coates DJ, Byrne M, Krauss SL, Williams M, Hopper SD. Plant mating system dynamics in restoration: a comparison of restoration and remnant populations of
Hakea laurina
(Proteaceae). Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne E Fernandes
- Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Faculty of Nature sciences, Math and Information Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam
| | - Melissa A Millar
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley Perth WA 6983 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - David J Coates
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley Perth WA 6983 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley Perth WA 6983 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Siegfried L Krauss
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park Science, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity onservation and Attractions, Kattidj Close Kings Park WA 6005 Australia
| | - Matthew Williams
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley Perth WA 6983 Australia
| | - Stephen D Hopper
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management School of Agriculture and the Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Terrace Albany WA 6330 Australia
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12
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Muñoz AE, Plantegenest M, Amouroux P, Zaviezo T. Native flower strips increase visitation by non-bee insects to avocado flowers and promote yield. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Thierry H, Rose E, Rogers H. Landscape configuration and frugivore identity affect seed rain during restoration. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Thierry
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State Univ. Ames IA USA
| | - Ethan Rose
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State Univ. Ames IA USA
| | - Haldre Rogers
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State Univ. Ames IA USA
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14
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Deprá MS, Evans DM, Gaglianone MC. Pioneer herbaceous plants contribute to the restoration of pollination interactions in restinga habitats in tropical Atlantic Forest. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Scaramussa Deprá
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000 Campos dos Goytacazes Rio de Janeiro CEP 28013‐602 Brazil
| | - Darren Mark Evans
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Agriculture Building, King's Road Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU U.K
| | - Maria Cristina Gaglianone
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000 Campos dos Goytacazes Rio de Janeiro CEP 28013‐602 Brazil
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15
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Chen M, Zhao XY, Zuo XA, Wang SK, Qu H, Ping Y, Ma XJ, Liu LX. Comparative effects of pollen limitation, floral traits and pollinators on reproductive success of Hedysarum scoparium Fisch. et Mey. in different habitats. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:426. [PMID: 34537013 PMCID: PMC8449482 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproduction in most flowering plants may be limited because of the decreased visitation or activity of pollinators in fragmented habitats. Hedysarum scoparium Fisch. et Mey. is an arid region shrub with ecological importance. We explored the pollen limitation and seed set of Hedysarum scoparium in fragmented and restored environments, and examined whether pollen limitation is a significant limiting factor for seed set. We also compared floral traits and pollinator visitation between both habitats, and we determined the difference of floral traits and pollinators influenced reproductive success in Hedysarum scoparium. RESULTS Our results indicated that supplementation with pollen significantly increased seed set per flower, which is pollen-limited in this species. Furthermore, there was greater seed set of the hand cross-pollination group in the restored habitat compared to the fragmented environment. More visits by Apis mellifera were recorded in the restored habitats, which may explain the difference in seed production between the fragmented and restored habitats. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a positive association between pollinator visitation frequency and open flower number was observed. The findings of this study are important for experimentally quantifying the effects of floral traits and pollinators on plant reproductive success in different habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
- Naiman Desertification Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Xue-Yong Zhao
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-An Zuo
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shao-Kun Wang
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Qu
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Ping
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu-Jun Ma
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang-Xu Liu
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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16
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Ritchie AL, Elliott CP, Sinclair EA, Krauss SL. Restored and remnant Banksia woodlands elicit different foraging behavior in avian pollinators. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:11774-11785. [PMID: 34522340 PMCID: PMC8427588 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollinators and the pollination services they provide are critical for seed set and self-sustainability of most flowering plants. Despite this, pollinators are rarely assessed in restored plant communities, where their services are largely assumed to re-establish. Bird-pollinator richness, foraging, and interaction behavior were compared between natural and restored Banksia woodland sites in Western Australia to assess their re-establishment in restored sites. These parameters were measured for natural communities of varying size and degree of fragmentation, and restored plant communities of high and low complexity for three years, in the summer and winter flowering of Banksia attenuata and B. menziesii, respectively. Bird visitor communities varied in composition, richness, foraging movement distances, and aggression among sites. Bird richness and abundance were lowest in fragmented remnants. Differences in the composition were associated with the size and degree of fragmentation in natural sites, but this did not differ between seasons. Restored sites and their adjacent natural sites had similar species composition, suggesting proximity supports pollinator re-establishment. Pollinator foraging movements were influenced by the territorial behavior of different species. Using a network analysis approach, we found foraging behavior varied, with more frequent aggressive chases observed in restored sites, resulting in more movements out of the survey areas, than observed in natural sites. Aggressors were larger-bodied Western Wattlebirds (Anthochaera chrysoptera) and New Holland Honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae) that dominated nectar resources, particularly in winter. Restored sites had re-established pollination services, albeit with clear differences, as the degree of variability in the composition and behavior of bird pollinators for Banksias in the natural sites created a broad completion target against which restored sites were assessed. The abundance, diversity, and behavior of pollinator services to remnant and restored Banksia woodland sites were impacted by the size and degree of fragmentation, which in turn influenced bird-pollinator composition, and were further influenced by seasonal changes between summer and winter. Consideration of the spatial and temporal landscape context of restored sites, along with plant community diversity, is needed to ensure the maintenance of the effective movement of pollinators between natural remnant woodlands and restored sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L. Ritchie
- School of Biological ScienceThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings Park and Botanic GardenKings ParkWAAustralia
| | - Carole P. Elliott
- School of Biological ScienceThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings Park and Botanic GardenKings ParkWAAustralia
| | - Elizabeth A. Sinclair
- School of Biological ScienceThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings Park and Botanic GardenKings ParkWAAustralia
| | - Siegfried L. Krauss
- School of Biological ScienceThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia
- Kings Park ScienceDepartment of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKings Park and Botanic GardenKings ParkWAAustralia
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17
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Ladouceur E, McGowan J, Huber P, Possingham H, Scridel D, Klink R, Poschlod P, Cornelissen JHC, Bonomi C, Jiménez‐Alfaro B. An objective‐based prioritization approach to support trophic complexity through ecological restoration species mixes. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ‐UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Sezione Botanica Museo delle Scienze (MUSE) Trento Italy
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy
| | - Jennifer McGowan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Center for Biodiversity and Global Change Yale University New Haven CT USA
- The Nature Conservancy Arlington VA USA
| | - Patrick Huber
- Agricultural Sustainability Institute University of California Davis Davis CA USA
| | | | - Davide Scridel
- Area Avifauna Migratrice Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) Roma Italy
- Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati Museo delle Scienze (MUSE) Trento Italy
| | - Roel Klink
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Peter Poschlod
- Department of Ecology and Nature Conservation University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany
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18
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Effects of management outweigh effects of plant diversity on restored animal communities in tallgrass prairies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015421118. [PMID: 33495327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015421118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary goal of ecological restoration is to increase biodiversity in degraded ecosystems. However, the success of restoration ecology is often assessed by measuring the response of a single functional group or trophic level to restoration, without considering how restoration affects multitrophic interactions that shape biodiversity. An ecosystem-wide approach to restoration is therefore necessary to understand whether animal responses to restoration, such as changes in biodiversity, are facilitated by changes in plant communities (plant-driven effects) or disturbance and succession resulting from restoration activities (management-driven effects). Furthermore, most restoration ecology studies focus on how restoration alters taxonomic diversity, while less attention is paid to the response of functional and phylogenetic diversity in restored ecosystems. Here, we compared the strength of plant-driven and management-driven effects of restoration on four animal communities (ground beetles, dung beetles, snakes, and small mammals) in a chronosequence of restored tallgrass prairie, where sites varied in management history (prescribed fire and bison reintroduction). Our analyses indicate that management-driven effects on animal communities were six-times stronger than effects mediated through changes in plant biodiversity. Additionally, we demonstrate that restoration can simultaneously have positive and negative effects on biodiversity through different pathways, which may help reconcile variation in restoration outcomes. Furthermore, animal taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity responded differently to restoration, suggesting that restoration plans might benefit from considering multiple dimensions of animal biodiversity. We conclude that metrics of plant diversity alone may not be adequate to assess the success of restoration in reassembling functional ecosystems.
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19
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Sabatino M, Rovere A, Meli P. Restoring pollination is not only about pollinators: Combining ecological and practical information to identify priority plant species for restoration of the Pampa grasslands of Argentina. J Nat Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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High gene flow through pollen partially compensates spatial limited gene flow by seeds for a Neotropical tree in forest conservation and restoration areas. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Millar MA, Coates DJ, Byrne M, Krauss SL, Jonson J, Hopper SD. Evaluating restoration outcomes through assessment of pollen dispersal, mating system, and genetic diversity. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Millar
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre Bentley WA 6983 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - David J. Coates
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre Bentley WA 6983 Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre Bentley WA 6983 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Siegfried L. Krauss
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Kattidj Close, Kings Park, WA 6005 Australia
| | - Justin Jonson
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and the Environment, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Terrace, Albany WA 6330 Australia
| | - Stephen D. Hopper
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and the Environment, The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Terrace, Albany WA 6330 Australia
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22
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23
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Almeida C, Viani RAG. Non‐continuous reproductive phenology of animal‐dispersed species in young forest restoration plantings. Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Johnson B, Standish R, Hobbs R. Non-native plants and nitrogen addition have little effect on pollination and seed set in 3-year-old restored woodland. AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Western Australia; c/o ERIE M090, 35 Stirling Highway Perth Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Rachel Standish
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences; Murdoch University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Richard Hobbs
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Western Australia; c/o ERIE M090, 35 Stirling Highway Perth Western Australia 6009 Australia
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25
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Ritchie AD, Lane IG, Cariveau DP. Pollination of a bee‐dependent forb in restored prairie: no evidence of pollen limitation in landscapes dominated by row crop agriculture. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan D. Ritchie
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 500 Lafayette Road St. Paul MN 55155 U.S.A
| | - Ian G. Lane
- Department of Entomology University of Minnesota 1980 Folwell Avenue, 219 Hodson Hall St. Paul MN 55108 U.S.A
| | - Daniel P. Cariveau
- Department of Entomology University of Minnesota 1980 Folwell Avenue, 219 Hodson Hall St. Paul MN 55108 U.S.A
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26
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Cariveau DP, Bruninga-Socolar B, Pardee GL. A review of the challenges and opportunities for restoring animal-mediated pollination of native plants. Emerg Top Life Sci 2020; 4:ETLS20190073. [PMID: 32556128 PMCID: PMC7326338 DOI: 10.1042/etls20190073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecological restoration is increasingly implemented to reverse habitat loss and concomitant declines in biological diversity. Typically, restoration success is evaluated by measuring the abundance and/or diversity of a single taxon. However, for a restoration to be successful and persistent, critical ecosystem functions such as animal-mediated pollination must be maintained. In this review, we focus on three aspects of pollination within ecological restorations. First, we address the need to measure pollination directly in restored habitats. Proxies such as pollinator abundance and richness do not always accurately assess pollination function. Pollen supplementation experiments, pollen deposition studies, and pollen transport networks are more robust methods for assessing pollination function within restorations. Second, we highlight how local-scale management and landscape-level factors may influence pollination within restorations. Local-scale management actions such as prescribed fire and removal of non-native species can have large impacts on pollinator communities and ultimately on pollination services. In addition, landscape context including proximity and connectivity to natural habitats may be an important factor for land managers and conservation practitioners to consider to maximize restoration success. Third, as climate change is predicted to be a primary driver of future loss in biodiversity, we discuss the potential effects climate change may have on animal-mediated pollination within restorations. An increased mechanistic understanding of how climate change affects pollination and incorporation of climate change predictions will help practitioners design stable, functioning restorations into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cariveau
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A
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27
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Tomlinson S. The construction of small‐scale, quasi‐mechanistic spatial models of insect energetics in habitat restoration: A case study of beetles in Western Australia. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Tomlinson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University of Technology Perth WA Australia
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation an Attractions Kings Park Science Kings Park WA Australia
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28
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Montoya-Pfeiffer PM, Rodrigues RR, Alves Dos Santos I. Bee pollinator functional responses and functional effects in restored tropical forests. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02054. [PMID: 31828842 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wild pollinators are necessary for ensuring plant reproduction, not only among crop fields but also remnant and restored ecosystems. Restoration activities should, therefore, lead to wild pollinator recovery, and thus be monitored to evaluate effects on pollinator diversity and functionality. We assessed bee pollinator functional responses in restoration plantings by creating functional groups (traits: body size, nesting location, sociality, and foraging strategy), comparing their abundance and diversity to that of other habitats (i.e., conserved and degraded primary forest fragments, anthropogenic wetlands, and sugarcane fields), and testing for an effect of source habitat (i.e., primary forest fragments) isolation. We analyzed functional effects on pollen transportation by identifying the pollen grains attached on the bodies of bees; creating plant functional groups with the identified species (traits: habit, successional class, geographic origin, and pollination mode); comparing their frequency, diversity, and interaction network structure among habitats; and searching for key interactions in network modules. In general, the abundance and diversity of bee communities and the frequency and diversity of the interacting plant species in restoration plantings were lower than those in primary forest fragments but higher than those in anthropogenic wetlands and sugarcane fields, suggesting that restoration plantings better enhance bee community recovery and functionality than other disturbed habitats. The interacting bees and plants were also negatively affected by habitat isolation, demonstrating the importance of primary forest fragments to supply bee populations to restored sites. The structure of interaction networks was little affected by habitat change and isolation, but the composition and diversity of functional groups varied significantly. There were more effects on larger bee species with more restricted nesting and floral requirements, and the woody species with which they interact most frequently. We identified key functional groups of bee pollinators that deserve priority for conservation because they play an important role in the pollen transportation of some the most relevant species in remnant forests and restoration plantings and also respond more negatively to habitat disturbances. Restoration efforts should include provisioning of nesting resources and management and conservation of primary forest remnant fragments that represent source habitats for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula María Montoya-Pfeiffer
- Laboratório de Abelhas, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal (LERF), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Alves Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Abelhas, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Millar MA, Coates DJ, Byrne M, Krauss SL, Williams MR, Jonson J, Hopper SD. Pollen dispersal, pollen immigration, mating and genetic diversity in restoration of the southern plains Banksia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEvaluation of patterns of pollen dispersal, mating systems, population fitness, genetic diversity and differentiation in restoration and remnant plant populations can be useful in determining how well restoration activities have achieved their objectives. We used molecular tools to assess how well restoration objectives have been met for populations of Banksia media in the biodiversity hotspot of south-west Western Australia. We characterized patterns of pollen dispersal within, and pollen immigration into, two restoration populations. We compared mating system parameters, population fitness via seed weight, genetic diversity and genetic differentiation for restoration and associated reference remnant populations. Different patterns of pollen dispersal were revealed for two restoration sites that differed in floral display, spatial aggregation of founders and co-planted species. Proximity to remnant native vegetation was associated with enhanced immigration and more short-range pollen dispersal when other population variables were constant. Greater seed weights at remnant compared to restoration populations were not related to outcrossing rate. Equivalent mating system and genetic diversity parameters and low to moderate levels of genetic differentiation between restoration and remnant populations suggest pollinator services have been restored in genetically diverse restoration populations of local provenance B. media as early as four years from planting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Millar
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - David J Coates
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Margaret Byrne
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Siegfried L Krauss
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Kings Park Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kattidj Close, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew R Williams
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Justin Jonson
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
| | - Stephen D Hopper
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Albany, WA, Australia
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30
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Maia KP, Vaughan IP, Memmott J. Plant species roles in pollination networks: an experimental approach. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate P. Maia
- Life Sciences Building, Univ. of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS81TQ UK
| | | | - Jane Memmott
- Life Sciences Building, Univ. of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS81TQ UK
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31
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Sujii PS, Nagai ME, Zucchi MI, Brancalion PH, James PM. A genetic approach for simulating persistence of reintroduced tree species populations in restored forests. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Timberlake TP, Vaughan IP, Memmott J. Phenology of farmland floral resources reveals seasonal gaps in nectar availability for bumblebees. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian P. Vaughan
- Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| | - Jane Memmott
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
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33
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Wide outcrossing provides functional connectivity for new and old Banksia populations within a fragmented landscape. Oecologia 2019; 190:255-268. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Acosta AL, d'Albertas F, de Souza Leite M, Saraiva AM, Walter Metzger JP. Gaps and limitations in the use of restoration scenarios: a review. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre L. Acosta
- Department of Ecology, Biosciences Institute; Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Computing; Universidade de São Paulo - Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto; Travessa 3, No. 158, 05508-900, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network (ScenNet-FAPESP and Belmont Forum); Brazil Headquarter: Biosciences Institute, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Francisco d'Albertas
- Department of Ecology, Biosciences Institute; Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network (ScenNet-FAPESP and Belmont Forum); Brazil Headquarter: Biosciences Institute, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Melina de Souza Leite
- Department of Ecology, Biosciences Institute; Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Antonio M. Saraiva
- Research Center on Biodiversity and Computing; Universidade de São Paulo - Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto; Travessa 3, No. 158, 05508-900, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Department of Computing and Digital Systems Engineering; Polytechnic School, Universidade de São Paulo - Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto; No. 380, 05508-970, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network (ScenNet-FAPESP and Belmont Forum); Brazil Headquarter: Biosciences Institute, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Jean P. Walter Metzger
- Department of Ecology, Biosciences Institute; Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Scenarios Network (ScenNet-FAPESP and Belmont Forum); Brazil Headquarter: Biosciences Institute, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Matão; Travessa 14, No. 321, 05508-090, São Paulo SP Brazil
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Fernandes K, van der Heyde M, Bunce M, Dixon K, Harris RJ, Wardell-Johnson G, Nevill PG. DNA metabarcoding-a new approach to fauna monitoring in mine site restoration. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Fernandes
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Mieke van der Heyde
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Michael Bunce
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Kingsley Dixon
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Richard J. Harris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Grant Wardell-Johnson
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
| | - Paul G. Nevill
- ARC Centre for Mine Site Restoration, School of Molecular and Life Sciences; Curtin University; GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6102 Australia
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36
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Rotchés‐Ribalta R, Winsa M, Roberts SPM, Öckinger E. Associations between plant and pollinator communities under grassland restoration respond mainly to landscape connectivity. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Rotchés‐Ribalta
- Technology Centre for Biodiversity, Ecology and Environmental Technology and Food Management (BETA)University of Vic‐Central University of Catalonia Vic. Spain
- Teagasc Johnstown Castle Research CentreCrop, Environment and Land Use Wexford Ireland
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marie Winsa
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - Stuart P. M. Roberts
- Centre for Agri‐Environmental ResearchSchool of Agriculture, Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of Reading Reading UK
| | - Erik Öckinger
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
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37
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Ferronato MCF, Giangarelli DC, Mazzaro D, Uemura N, Sofia SH. Orchid Bee (Apidae: Euglossini) Communities in Atlantic Forest Remnants and Restored Areas in Paraná State, Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:352-361. [PMID: 28500473 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we compare orchid bee communities surveyed in four forest remnants of the Atlantic Forest and four reforested areas characterized by seasonal semi-deciduous forest vegetation in different successional stages (mature and secondary vegetation), located in southern Brazil. The sizes of forest remnants and reforested areas varied from 32.1 to 583.9 ha and from 11.3 to 33.3 ha, respectively. All reforested areas were located near one forest remnant. During samplings, totaling nine per study area, euglossine males were attracted to eight scent baits and captured with bait trap and entomological nets. Each forest remnant and its respective reforested area were sampled simultaneously by two collectors. We collected 435 males belonging to nine species of orchid bees distributed in four genera. The number of individuals and species did not differ significantly between different areas, except for a reforested area (size 33.3 ha), which was located far from its respective forest remnant. Our findings also revealed an apparent association between an orchid bee species (Euglossa annectans Dressler 1982) and the most preserved area surveyed in our study, suggesting that this bee is a potential indicator of good habitat quality in recuperating or preserved areas. Our results suggest that reforested habitats located near forest remnants have a higher probability of having reinstated their euglossine communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C F Ferronato
- Lab de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Depto de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CP 10.0111, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brasil
| | - D C Giangarelli
- Lab de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Depto de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CP 10.0111, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brasil
| | - D Mazzaro
- Lab de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Depto de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CP 10.0111, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brasil
| | - N Uemura
- Lab de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Depto de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CP 10.0111, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brasil
| | - S H Sofia
- Lab de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Depto de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, CP 10.0111, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brasil.
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38
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Shefferson RP, Mason CM, Kellett KM, Goolsby EW, Coughlin E, Flynn RW. The evolutionary impacts of conservation actions. POPUL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-018-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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39
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Lettow MC, Brudvig LA, Bahlai CA, Gibbs J, Jean RP, Landis DA. Bee community responses to a gradient of oak savanna restoration practices. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell C. Lettow
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University, 578 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824 U.S.A
| | - Lars A. Brudvig
- Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824 U.S.A
| | - Christie A. Bahlai
- Department of Integrative Biology Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane East Lansing MI 48824 U.S.A
| | - Jason Gibbs
- Department of Entomology University of Manitoba, 12 Dafoe Road Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Robert P. Jean
- Environmental Solutions & Innovations, Inc., 1811 Executive Dr., Suites C‐D Indianapolis IN 46241 U.S.A
| | - Douglas A. Landis
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University, 578 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824 U.S.A
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40
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Abstract
Foraging is an essential process for mobile animals, and its optimization serves as a foundational theory in ecology and evolution; however, drivers of foraging are rarely investigated across landscapes and seasons. Using a common bumblebee species from the western United States (Bombus vosnesenskii), we ask whether seasonal decreases in food resources prompt changes in foraging behavior and space use. We employ a unique integration of population genetic tools and spatially explicit foraging models to estimate foraging distances and rates of patch visitation for wild bumblebee colonies across three study regions and two seasons. By mapping the locations of 669 wild-caught individual foragers, we find substantial variation in colony-level foraging distances, often exhibiting a 60-fold difference within a study region. Our analysis of visitation rates indicates that foragers display a preference for destination patches with high floral cover and forage significantly farther for these patches, but only in the summer, when landscape-level resources are low. Overall, these results indicate that an increasing proportion of long-distance foraging bouts take place in the summer. Because wild bees are pollinators, their foraging dynamics are of urgent concern, given the potential impacts of global change on their movement and services. The behavioral shift toward long-distance foraging with seasonal declines in food resources suggests a novel, phenologically directed approach to landscape-level pollinator conservation and greater consideration of late-season floral resources in pollinator habitat management.
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41
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Hulvey KB, Leger EA, Porensky LM, Roche LM, Veblen KE, Fund A, Shaw J, Gornish ES. Restoration islands: a tool for efficiently restoring dryland ecosystems? Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin B. Hulvey
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
- The Ecology Center Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth A. Leger
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia Street Reno NV 89557 U.S.A
| | - Lauren M. Porensky
- Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit USDA‐ARS 1701 Centre Avenue Fort Collins CO 80526 U.S.A
| | - Leslie M. Roche
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
| | - Kari E. Veblen
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
- The Ecology Center Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
| | - Adam Fund
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
- The Ecology Center Utah State University Logan UT 84322 U.S.A
| | - Julea Shaw
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
| | - Elise S. Gornish
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 U.S.A
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42
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Denning KR, Foster BL. Flower visitor communities are similar on remnant and reconstructed tallgrass prairies despite forb community differences. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy R. Denning
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence KS 66045 U.S.A
- Kansas Biological Survey University of Kansas 2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence KS 66047 U.S.A
| | - Bryan L. Foster
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence KS 66045 U.S.A
- Kansas Biological Survey University of Kansas 2101 Constant Avenue, Lawrence KS 66047 U.S.A
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43
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Tomlinson S, Webber BL, Bradshaw SD, Dixon KW, Renton M. Incorporating biophysical ecology into high‐resolution restoration targets: insect pollinator habitat suitability models. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Tomlinson
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Kings Park Botanic Gardens Fraser Avenue, Kings Park, Perth WA 6005 Australia
| | - Bruce Lloyd Webber
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat WA 6016 Australia
| | - Sidney Don Bradshaw
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - Kingsley Wayne Dixon
- Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Kent Street, Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Michael Renton
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009 Australia
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44
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An Assessment of a Community-Based, Forest Restoration Programme in Durban (eThekwini), South Africa. FORESTS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/f8080255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Winsa M, Öckinger E, Bommarco R, Lindborg R, Roberts SPM, Wärnsberg J, Bartomeus I. Sustained functional composition of pollinators in restored pastures despite slow functional restoration of plants. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:3836-3846. [PMID: 28616180 PMCID: PMC5468136 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat restoration is a key measure to counteract negative impacts on biodiversity from habitat loss and fragmentation. To assess success in restoring not only biodiversity, but also functionality of communities, we should take into account the re-assembly of species trait composition across taxa. Attaining such functional restoration would depend on the landscape context, vegetation structure, and time since restoration. We assessed how trait composition of plant and pollinator (bee and hoverfly) communities differ between abandoned, restored (formerly abandoned) or continuously grazed (intact) semi-natural pastures. In restored pastures, we also explored trait composition in relation to landscape context, vegetation structure, and pasture management history. Abandoned pastures differed from intact and restored pastures in trait composition of plant communities, and as expected, had lower abundances of species with traits associated with grazing adaptations. Further, plant trait composition in restored pastures became increasingly similar to that in intact pastures with increasing time since restoration. On the contrary, the trait composition of pollinator communities in both abandoned and restored pastures remained similar to intact pastures. The trait composition for both bees and hoverflies was influenced by flower abundance and, for bees, by connectivity to other intact grasslands in the landscape. The divergent responses across organism groups appeared to be mainly related to the limited dispersal ability and long individual life span in plants, the high mobility of pollinators, and the dependency of semi-natural habitat for bees. Our results, encompassing restoration effects on trait composition for multiple taxa along a gradient in both time (time since restoration) and space (connectivity), reveal how interacting communities of plants and pollinators are shaped by different trait-environmental relationships. Complete functional restoration of pastures needs for more detailed assessments of both plants dispersal in time and of resources available within pollinator dispersal range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Winsa
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Erik Öckinger
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Riccardo Bommarco
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Regina Lindborg
- Department of Physical GeographyStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Stuart P. M. Roberts
- School of Agriculture, Policy and DevelopmentCentre for Agri‐Environmental ResearchUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | - Johanna Wärnsberg
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Ignasi Bartomeus
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
- Dpto. Ecología IntegrativaEstación Biológica de Doñana (EBD‐CSIC)Isla de la CartujaSevillaSpain
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46
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Griffin SR, Bruninga-Socolar B, Kerr MA, Gibbs J, Winfree R. Wild bee community change over a 26-year chronosequence of restored tallgrass prairie. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R. Griffin
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
| | - Bethanne Bruninga-Socolar
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
| | - Morgan A. Kerr
- Department of Biological Sciences; Rowan University; Glassboro NJ 08028 U.S.A
| | - Jason Gibbs
- Department of Entomology; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 U.S.A
| | - Rachael Winfree
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources; Rutgers University; New Brunswick NJ 08901 U.S.A
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47
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Gross CL. Improving vegetation quality for the restoration of pollinators – the relevance of co-flowering species in space and time. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rj17066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pollination is a key ecosystem function that directly and indirectly provides food for all organisms – regardless of the trophic level. In degraded ecosystems, installing plant and habitat resources for pollinators starts with an understanding of the temporal and spatial habitat needs of pollinators, and the augmentations, the co-factors and conditions required for pollinator populations. These co-factors, not immediately recognised as linked to the provision of pollination services, are critical for complexity and include a diverse array of resources such as food plants for larvae, shelter and temporal legacies of earlier flowering species. Practical steps for restoration include the installation of an array of plant species that provide a staggered supply of flowers and this can be refined to include specific floral types that are the mega supermarkets for nectar and pollen resources in them.
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48
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Moreira da Silva AP, Schweizer D, Rodrigues Marques H, Cordeiro Teixeira AM, Nascente dos Santos TVM, Sambuichi RHR, Badari CG, Gaudare U, Brancalion PHS. Can current native tree seedling production and infrastructure meet an increasing forest restoration demand in Brazil? Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Moreira da Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli. - Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ 20020-100; Brazil
| | - Daniella Schweizer
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture; University of São Paulo; Avenida Pádua Dias 11 Piracicaba SP 13418-260 Brazil
| | - Henrique Rodrigues Marques
- Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli. - Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ 20020-100; Brazil
| | - Ana M. Cordeiro Teixeira
- Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli. - Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ 20020-100; Brazil
| | - Thaiane V. M. Nascente dos Santos
- Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli. - Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ 20020-100; Brazil
| | - Regina H. R. Sambuichi
- Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli. - Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro - RJ 20020-100; Brazil
| | - Carolina G. Badari
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture; University of São Paulo; Avenida Pádua Dias 11 Piracicaba SP 13418-260 Brazil
| | - Ulysse Gaudare
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture; University of São Paulo; Avenida Pádua Dias 11 Piracicaba SP 13418-260 Brazil
| | - Pedro H. S. Brancalion
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture; University of São Paulo; Avenida Pádua Dias 11 Piracicaba SP 13418-260 Brazil
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49
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Ritchie AL, Nevill PG, Sinclair EA, Krauss SL. Does restored plant diversity play a role in the reproductive functionality of
Banksia
populations? Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison L. Ritchie
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Science Directorate, Botanic Garden and Parks Authority Kings Park and Botanic Garden Kattidj Close Kings Park WA 6005, Australia
| | - Paul G. Nevill
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Science Directorate, Botanic Garden and Parks Authority Kings Park and Botanic Garden Kattidj Close Kings Park WA 6005, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A. Sinclair
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Science Directorate, Botanic Garden and Parks Authority Kings Park and Botanic Garden Kattidj Close Kings Park WA 6005, Australia
| | - Siegfried L. Krauss
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
- Science Directorate, Botanic Garden and Parks Authority Kings Park and Botanic Garden Kattidj Close Kings Park WA 6005, Australia
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50
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Kollmann J, Meyer ST, Bateman R, Conradi T, Gossner MM, de Souza Mendonça M, Fernandes GW, Hermann JM, Koch C, Müller SC, Oki Y, Overbeck GE, Paterno GB, Rosenfield MF, Toma TSP, Weisser WW. Integrating ecosystem functions into restoration ecology-recent advances and future directions. Restor Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kollmann
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Sebastian T. Meyer
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Rolf Bateman
- Institute of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Center for Environmental Studies and Research; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Campinas SP 13083-867 Brazil
| | - Timo Conradi
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
- Department of Bioscience, Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity; Aarhus University; 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Martin M. Gossner
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Milton de Souza Mendonça
- Department of Ecology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Geraldo W. Fernandes
- Department of General Biology; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 30161-970 Brazil
- Department of Biology; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94035 U.S.A
| | - Julia-Maria Hermann
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Christiane Koch
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Sandra C. Müller
- Department of Ecology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Yumi Oki
- Department of General Biology; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 30161-970 Brazil
| | - Gerhard E. Overbeck
- Department of Botany; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Gustavo B. Paterno
- Department of Ecology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Lagoa Nova Natal RN 59072-970 Brazil
| | - Milena F. Rosenfield
- Department of Ecology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Tiago S. P. Toma
- Department of Ecology; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Wolfgang W. Weisser
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; 85354 Freising Germany
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