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Grigore A, Coman OA, Păunescu H, Costescu M, Fulga I. Latest Insights into the In Vivo Studies in Murine Regarding the Role of TRP Channels in Wound Healing-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6753. [PMID: 38928459 PMCID: PMC11204351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves physical, chemical and immunological processes. Transient receptor potential (TRP) and other ion channels are implicated in epidermal re-epithelization. Ion movement across ion channels can induce transmembrane potential that leads to transepithelial potential (TEP) changes. TEP is present in epidermis surrounding the lesion decreases and induces an endogenous direct current generating an epithelial electric field (EF) that could be implicated in wound re-epithelialization. TRP channels are involved in the activation of immune cells during mainly the inflammatory phase of wound healing. The aim of the study was to review the mechanisms of ion channel involvement in wound healing in in vivo experiments in murine (mice, rats) and how can this process be influenced. This review used the latest results published in scientific journals over the last year and this year to date (1 January 2023-31 December 3000) in order to include the in-press articles. Some types of TRP channels, such as TRPV1, TRPV3 and TRPA1, are expressed in immune cells and can be activated by inflammatory mediators. The most beneficial effects in wound healing are produced using agonists of TRPV1, TRPV4 and TRPA1 channels or by inhibiting with antagonists, antisense oligonucleotides or knocking down TRPV3 and TRPM8 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Horia Păunescu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucureșt, Romania; (A.G.); (O.A.C.); (M.C.); (I.F.)
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Sol S, Boncimino F, Todorova K, Mandinova A. Unraveling the Functional Heterogeneity of Human Skin at Single-Cell Resolution. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024:S0889-8588(24)00050-9. [PMID: 38839486 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The skin consists of several cell populations, including epithelial, immune, and stromal cells. Recently, there has been a significant increase in single-cell RNA-sequencing studies, contributing to the development of a consensus Human Skin Cell Atlas. The aim is to understand skin biology better and identify potential therapeutic targets. The present review utilized previously published single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets to explore human skin's cellular and functional heterogeneity. Additionally, it summarizes the functional significance of newly identified cell subpopulations in processes such as wound healing and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sol
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Fabiana Boncimino
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kristina Todorova
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Anna Mandinova
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 7 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Pedro MP, Lund K, Kang SWS, Chen T, Stuelten CH, Porat-Shliom N, Iglesias-Bartolome R. GPCR Screening Reveals that the Metabolite Receptor HCAR3 Regulates Epithelial Proliferation, Migration, and Cellular Respiration. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1311-1321.e7. [PMID: 38103827 PMCID: PMC11116076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells in the skin and other tissues rely on signals from their environment to maintain homeostasis and respond to injury, and GPCRs play a critical role in this communication. A better understanding of the GPCRs expressed in epithelial cells will contribute to understanding the relationship between cells and their niche and could lead to developing new therapies to modulate cell fate. This study used human primary keratinocytes as a model to investigate the specific GPCRs regulating epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. We identified 3 key receptors-HCAR3, LTB4R, and GPR137-and found that knockdown of these receptors led to changes in numerous gene networks that are important for maintaining cell identity and promoting proliferation while inhibiting differentiation. Our study also revealed that the metabolite receptor HCAR3 regulates keratinocyte migration and cellular metabolism. Knockdown of HCAR3 led to reduced keratinocyte migration and respiration, which could be attributed to altered metabolite use and aberrant mitochondrial morphology caused by the absence of the receptor. This study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between GPCR signaling and epithelial cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pilar Pedro
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Lund
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sun Woo Sophie Kang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ting Chen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina H Stuelten
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalie Porat-Shliom
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Mamun AA, Shao C, Geng P, Wang S, Xiao J. Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing and its treatments. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395479. [PMID: 38835782 PMCID: PMC11148235 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin, being a multifaceted organ, performs a pivotal function in the complicated wound-healing procedure, which encompasses the triggering of several cellular entities and signaling cascades. Aberrations in the typical healing process of wounds may result in atypical scar development and the establishment of a persistent condition, rendering patients more vulnerable to infections. Chronic burns and wounds have a detrimental effect on the overall quality of life of patients, resulting in higher levels of physical discomfort and socio-economic complexities. The occurrence and frequency of prolonged wounds are on the rise as a result of aging people, hence contributing to escalated expenditures within the healthcare system. The clinical evaluation and treatment of chronic wounds continue to pose challenges despite the advancement of different therapeutic approaches. This is mainly owing to the prolonged treatment duration and intricate processes involved in wound healing. Many conventional methods, such as the administration of growth factors, the use of wound dressings, and the application of skin grafts, are used to ease the process of wound healing across diverse wound types. Nevertheless, these therapeutic approaches may only be practical for some wounds, highlighting the need to advance alternative treatment modalities. Novel wound care technologies, such as nanotherapeutics, stem cell treatment, and 3D bioprinting, aim to improve therapeutic efficacy, prioritize skin regeneration, and minimize adverse effects. This review provides an updated overview of recent advancements in chronic wound healing and therapeutic management using innovative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Wound Healing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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5
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Zhang C, Luo X, Wei M, Jing B, Wang J, Lin L, Shi B, Zheng Q, Li C. Lithium chloride promotes mesenchymal-epithelial transition in murine cutaneous wound healing via inhibiting CXCL9 and IGF2. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15078. [PMID: 38610097 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a challenge in plastic and reconstructive surgery. In theory, cells undergoing mesenchymal transition will achieve re-epithelialization through mesenchymal-epithelial transition at the end of wound healing. But in fact, some pathological stimuli will inhibit this biological process and result in scar formation. If mesenchymal-epithelial transition can be activated at the corresponding stage, the ideal wound healing may be accomplished. Two in vivo skin defect mouse models and dermal-derived mesenchymal cells were used to evaluate the effect of lithium chloride in wound healing. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. In vivo, differentially expressed genes were analysed by transcriptome analyses and the subsequent testing was carried out. We found that lithium chloride could promote murine cutaneous wound healing and facilitate mesenchymal-epithelial transition in vivo and in vitro. In lithium chloride group, scar area was smaller and the collagen fibres are also orderly arranged. The genes related to mesenchyme were downregulated and epithelial mark genes were activated after intervention. Moreover, transcriptome analyses suggested that this effect might be related to the inhibition of CXCL9 and IGF2, subsequent assays demonstrated it. Lithium chloride can promote mesenchymal-epithelial transition via downregulating CXCL9 and IGF2 in murine cutaneous wound healing, the expression of IGF2 is regulated by β-catenin. It may be a potential promising therapeutic drug for alleviating postoperative scar and promoting re-epithelialization in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mianxing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingshuai Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lanling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Abraham D, Lescoat A, Stratton R. Emerging diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 96:101252. [PMID: 38325132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (also called scleroderma, SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by excessive collagen deposition leading to skin fibrosis and various internal organ manifestations. The emergent diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for scleroderma focus on early detection and targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Diagnostics for SSc have evolved significantly in recent years, driven by advancements in serological markers and imaging techniques. Autoantibody profiling, especially antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and specific scleroderma-associated autoantibodies, aids in identifying subsets of scleroderma and predicting disease progression. Furthermore, novel imaging modalities, such as high-frequency ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography, enable early detection of skin fibrosis and internal organ involvement, enhancing the diagnostic precision and allowing for tailored management. Therapeutic strategies for SSc are multifaceted, targeting immune dysregulation, vascular abnormalities, and fibrotic processes. Emerging biologic agents have shown promise in clinical trials, including monoclonal antibodies directed against key cytokines involved in fibrosis, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Additionally, small-molecule inhibitors that disrupt fibrotic pathways, like tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have exhibited potential in limiting collagen deposition and preventing disease progression. Stem cell therapy, cell ablation and gene editing techniques hold great potential in regenerating damaged tissue and halting fibrotic processes. Early intervention remains crucial in managing SSc, as irreversible tissue damage often occurs in advanced stages. Novel diagnostic methods, such as biomarkers and gene expression profiling, are being explored to identify individuals at high risk for developing progressive severe disease and intervene proactively. Furthermore, patient-tailored therapeutic approaches, employing a combination of immunosuppressive agents and targeted anti-fibrotic therapies, are being investigated to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. The emergent diagnostics and therapeutic strategies in scleroderma are transforming the management of this challenging disease. Nevertheless, ongoing research and clinical trials are needed to optimize the efficacy and safety of these novel approaches in the complex and diverse spectrum of SSc manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Abraham
- UCL Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, UCL Division of Medicine, Department of Inflammation, London, UK
| | - Alain Lescoat
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Richard Stratton
- UCL Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, UCL Division of Medicine, Department of Inflammation, London, UK.
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Estrach S, Vivier CM, Féral CC. ECM and epithelial stem cells: the scaffold of destiny. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1359585. [PMID: 38572486 PMCID: PMC10987781 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1359585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and promoting longevity. The intricate organization and presence of common markers among adult epithelial stem cells in the intestine, lung, and skin serve as hallmarks of these cells. The specific location pattern of these cells within their respective organs highlights the significance of the niche in which they reside. The extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides physical support but also acts as a reservoir for various biochemical and biophysical signals. We will consider differences in proliferation, repair, and regenerative capacities of the three epithelia and review how environmental cues emerging from the niche regulate cell fate. These cues are transduced via mechanosignaling, regulating gene expression, and bring us to the concept of the fate scaffold. Understanding both the analogies and discrepancies in the mechanisms that govern stem cell fate in various organs can offer valuable insights for rejuvenation therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soline Estrach
- INSERM, CNRS, IRCAN, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Chloé C. Féral
- INSERM, CNRS, IRCAN, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
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8
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Jiang Y, Perez-Moreno M. Translational frontiers: insight from lymphatics in skin regeneration. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347558. [PMID: 38487264 PMCID: PMC10937408 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The remarkable regenerative ability of the skin, governed by complex molecular mechanisms, offers profound insights into the skin repair processes and the pathogenesis of various dermatological conditions. This understanding, derived from studies in human skin and various model systems, has not only deepened our knowledge of skin regeneration but also facilitated the development of skin substitutes in clinical practice. Recent research highlights the crucial role of lymphatic vessels in skin regeneration. Traditionally associated with fluid dynamics and immune modulation, these vessels are now recognized for interacting with skin stem cells and coordinating regeneration. This Mini Review provides an overview of recent advancements in basic and translational research related to skin regeneration, focusing on the dynamic interplay between lymphatic vessels and skin biology. Key highlights include the critical role of stem cell-lymphatic vessel crosstalk in orchestrating skin regeneration, emerging translational approaches, and their implications for skin diseases. Additionally, the review identifies research gaps and proposes potential future directions, underscoring the significance of this rapidly evolving research arena.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirna Perez-Moreno
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Thalheim T, Schneider MR. Skin single-cell transcriptomics reveals a core of sebaceous gland-relevant genes shared by mice and humans. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:137. [PMID: 38310227 PMCID: PMC10837983 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely applied to dissect cellular heterogeneity in normal and diseased skin. Sebaceous glands, essential skin components with established functions in maintaining skin integrity and emerging roles in systemic energy metabolism, have been largely neglected in scRNA-seq studies. METHODS Departing from mouse and human skin scRNA-seq datasets, we identified gene sets expressed especially in sebaceous glands with the open-source R-package oposSOM. RESULTS The identified gene sets included sebaceous gland-typical genes as Scd3, Mgst1, Cidea, Awat2 and KRT7. Surprisingly, however, there was not a single overlap among the 100 highest, exclusively in sebaceous glands expressed transcripts in mouse and human samples. Notably, both species share a common core of only 25 transcripts, including mitochondrial and peroxisomal genes involved in fatty acid, amino acid, and glucose processing, thus highlighting the intense metabolic rate of this gland. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights intrinsic differences in sebaceous lipid synthesis between mice and humans, and indicates an important role for peroxisomal processes in this context. Our data also provides attractive starting points for experimentally addressing novel candidates regulating sebaceous gland homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Thalheim
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
- Present Address: Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH, Torgauer Str. 116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
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Zekušić M, Bujić Mihica M, Skoko M, Vukušić K, Risteski P, Martinčić J, Tolić IM, Bendelja K, Ramić S, Dolenec T, Vrgoč Zimić I, Puljić D, Petric Vicković I, Iveković R, Batarilo I, Prosenc Zmrzljak U, Hoffmeister A, Vučemilo T. New characterization and safety evaluation of human limbal stem cells used in clinical application: fidelity of mitotic process and mitotic spindle morphologies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:368. [PMID: 38093301 PMCID: PMC10720168 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03586-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limbal stem cells (LSCs) are crucial for the regeneration of the corneal epithelium in patients with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Thus, LSCs during cultivation in vitro should be in highly homogeneous amounts, while potency and expression of stemness without tumorigenesis would be desirable. Therefore, further characterization and safety evaluation of engineered limbal grafts is required to provide safe and high-quality therapeutic applications. METHODS After in vitro expansion, LSCs undergo laboratory characterization in a single-cell suspension, cell culture, and in limbal grafts before transplantation. Using a clinically applicable protocol, the data collected on LSCs at passage 1 were summarized, including: identity (cell size, morphology); potency (yield, viability, population doubling time, colony-forming efficiency); expression of putative stem cell markers through flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Then, mitotic chromosome stability and normal mitotic outcomes were explored by using live-cell imaging. Finally, impurities, bacterial endotoxins and sterility were determined. RESULTS Expression of the stemness marker p63 in single-cell suspension and in cell culture showed high values by different methods. Limbal grafts showed p63-positive cells (78.7 ± 9.4%), Ki67 proliferation (41.7 ± 15.9%), while CK3 was negative. Impurity with 3T3 feeder cells and endotoxins was minimized. We presented mitotic spindles with a length of 11.40 ± 0.54 m and a spindle width of 8.05 ± 0.55 m as new characterization in LSC culture. Additionally, live-cell imaging of LSCs (n = 873) was performed, and only a small fraction < 2.5% of aberrant interphase cells was observed; 2.12 ± 2.10% of mitotic spindles exhibited a multipolar phenotype during metaphase, and 3.84 ± 3.77% of anaphase cells had a DNA signal present within the spindle midzone, indicating a chromosome bridge or lagging chromosome phenotype. CONCLUSION This manuscript provides, for the first time, detailed characterization of the parameters of fidelity of the mitotic process and mitotic spindle morphologies of LSCs used in a direct clinical application. Our data show that p63-positive CK3-negative LSCs grown in vitro for clinical purposes undergo mitotic processes with extremely high fidelity, suggesting high karyotype stability. This finding confirms LSCs as a high-quality and safe therapy for eye regeneration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Zekušić
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Bujić Mihica
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marija Skoko
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kruno Vukušić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patrik Risteski
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Martinčić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva M Tolić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešo Bendelja
- Center for Research and Knowledge Transfer in Biotechnology, Laboratory of Immunology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Ramić
- Department of Oncological Pathology and Clinical Cytology 'Ljudevit Jurak', University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Dolenec
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Vrgoč Zimić
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dominik Puljić
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Petric Vicković
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Iveković
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Batarilo
- Department of Microbiology, Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak
- Molecular Biology Department, BIA Separations CRO, Labena d.O.O, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Labena d.o.o, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tiha Vučemilo
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Negri VA, Louis B, Zijl S, Ganier C, Philippeos C, Ali S, Reynolds G, Haniffa M, Watt FM. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human epidermis identifies Lunatic fringe as a novel regulator of the stem cell compartment. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2047-2055. [PMID: 37832539 PMCID: PMC10679657 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of human skin provides a tool for validating observations from in vitro experimental models. By analyzing a published dataset of healthy adult epidermis, we confirm that the basal epidermal layer is heterogeneous, and three subpopulations of non-dividing cells can be distinguished. We show that Delta-like ligand 1 (DLL1) is expressed in a subset of basal cells previously identified as stem cells in cultured human keratinocytes and map the distribution of other Notch ligands and receptors to specific epidermal cell compartments. Although DLL1 is expressed at low levels, it is expressed in the same cell state as the Notch regulator, Lunatic -fringe (LFNG, O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase). Overexpression of LFNG amplifies the effects of DLL1 in cultured keratinocytes, increasing proliferation and colony-forming ability. We conclude that using scRNA-seq resources from healthy human skin not only validates previous experimental data but allows formulation of testable new hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Augusti Negri
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Blaise Louis
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sebastiaan Zijl
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Clarisse Ganier
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christina Philippeos
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Shahnawaz Ali
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gary Reynolds
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Directors' Research Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
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12
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Probst HC, Stoitzner P, Amon L, Backer RA, Brand A, Chen J, Clausen BE, Dieckmann S, Dudziak D, Heger L, Hodapp K, Hornsteiner F, Hovav AH, Jacobi L, Ji X, Kamenjarin N, Lahl K, Lahmar I, Lakus J, Lehmann CHK, Ortner D, Picard M, Roberti MP, Rossnagel L, Saba Y, Schalla C, Schlitzer A, Schraml BU, Schütze K, Seichter A, Seré K, Seretis A, Sopper S, Strandt H, Sykora MM, Theobald H, Tripp CH, Zitvogel L. Guidelines for DC preparation and flow cytometry analysis of mouse nonlymphoid tissues. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2249819. [PMID: 36512638 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This article is part of the Dendritic Cell Guidelines article series, which provides a collection of state-of-the-art protocols for the preparation, phenotype analysis by flow cytometry, generation, fluorescence microscopy and functional characterization of mouse and human dendritic cells (DC) from lymphoid organs and various nonlymphoid tissues. DC are sentinels of the immune system present in almost every mammalian organ. Since they represent a rare cell population, DC need to be extracted from organs with protocols that are specifically developed for each tissue. This article provides detailed protocols for the preparation of single-cell suspensions from various mouse nonlymphoid tissues, including skin, intestine, lung, kidney, mammary glands, oral mucosa and transplantable tumors. Furthermore, our guidelines include comprehensive protocols for multiplex flow cytometry analysis of DC subsets and feature top tricks for their proper discrimination from other myeloid cells. With this collection, we provide guidelines for in-depth analysis of DC subsets that will advance our understanding of their respective roles in healthy and diseased tissues. While all protocols were written by experienced scientists who routinely use them in their work, this article was also peer-reviewed by leading experts and approved by all coauthors, making it an essential resource for basic and clinical DC immunologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Probst
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ronald A Backer
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Brand
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Björn E Clausen
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sophie Dieckmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), D-91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Germany
- Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Hodapp
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Hornsteiner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lukas Jacobi
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xingqi Ji
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nadine Kamenjarin
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Lahl
- Section for Experimental and Translational Immunology, Institute for Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
- Immunology Section, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Imran Lahmar
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jelena Lakus
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), D-91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniela Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marion Picard
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Paula Roberti
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Rossnagel
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yasmin Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carmen Schalla
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlitzer
- Quantitative Systems Biology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara U Schraml
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kristian Schütze
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Seichter
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Hartmannstraße 14, D-91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristin Seré
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Athanasios Seretis
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Center, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helen Strandt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martina M Sykora
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Center, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannah Theobald
- Quantitative Systems Biology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph H Tripp
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
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13
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Bernabé-Rubio M, Ali S, Bhosale PG, Goss G, Mobasseri SA, Tapia-Rojo R, Zhu T, Hiratsuka T, Battilocchi M, Tomás IM, Ganier C, Garcia-Manyes S, Watt FM. Myc-dependent dedifferentiation of Gata6 + epidermal cells resembles reversal of terminal differentiation. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1426-1438. [PMID: 37735598 PMCID: PMC10567550 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Dedifferentiation is the process by which terminally differentiated cells acquire the properties of stem cells. During mouse skin wound healing, the differentiated Gata6-lineage positive cells of the sebaceous duct are able to dedifferentiate. Here we have integrated lineage tracing and single-cell mRNA sequencing to uncover the underlying mechanism. Gata6-lineage positive and negative epidermal stem cells in wounds are transcriptionally indistinguishable. Furthermore, in contrast to reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells, the same genes are expressed in the epidermal dedifferentiation and differentiation trajectories, indicating that dedifferentiation does not involve adoption of a new cell state. We demonstrate that dedifferentiation is not only induced by wounding, but also by retinoic acid treatment or mechanical expansion of the epidermis. In all three cases, dedifferentiation is dependent on the master transcription factor c-Myc. Mechanotransduction and actin-cytoskeleton remodelling are key features of dedifferentiation. Our study elucidates the molecular basis of epidermal dedifferentiation, which may be generally applicable to adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Bernabé-Rubio
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shahnawaz Ali
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Priyanka G Bhosale
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Georgina Goss
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Rafael Tapia-Rojo
- Department of Physics, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Centre for the Physical Science of Life and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK
- Single Molecule Mechanobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Physics, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Centre for the Physical Science of Life and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK
- Single Molecule Mechanobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Toru Hiratsuka
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Oncogenesis and Growth Regulation, Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuoku, Japan
| | - Matteo Battilocchi
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Inês M Tomás
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Clarisse Ganier
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sergi Garcia-Manyes
- Department of Physics, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Centre for the Physical Science of Life and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK
- Single Molecule Mechanobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- Directors' Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Almet AA, Yuan H, Annusver K, Ramos R, Liu Y, Wiedemann J, Sorkin DH, Landén NX, Sonkoly E, Haniffa M, Nie Q, Lichtenberger BM, Luecken MD, Andersen B, Tsoi LC, Watt FM, Gudjonsson JE, Plikus MV, Kasper M. A Roadmap for a Consensus Human Skin Cell Atlas and Single-Cell Data Standardization. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1667-1677. [PMID: 37612031 PMCID: PMC10610458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies have become essential to driving discovery in both basic and translational investigative dermatology. Despite the multitude of available datasets, a central reference atlas of normal human skin, which can serve as a reference resource for skin cell types, cell states, and their molecular signatures, is still lacking. For any such atlas to receive broad acceptance, participation by many investigators during atlas construction is an essential prerequisite. As part of the Human Cell Atlas project, we have assembled a Skin Biological Network to build a consensus Human Skin Cell Atlas and outline a roadmap toward that goal. We define the drivers of skin diversity to be considered when selecting sequencing datasets for the atlas and list practical hurdles during skin sampling that can result in data gaps and impede comprehensive representation and technical considerations for tissue processing and computational analysis, the accounting for which should minimize biases in cell type enrichments and exclusions and decrease batch effects. By outlining our goals for Atlas 1.0, we discuss how it will uncover new aspects of skin biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel A Almet
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Annusver
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raul Ramos
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Yingzi Liu
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Julie Wiedemann
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Mathematical, Computational & Systems Biology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Dara H Sorkin
- Institute for Clinical & Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Enikö Sonkoly
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Beate M Lichtenberger
- Skin & Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Malte D Luecken
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Bogi Andersen
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Directors' Research Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Maksim V Plikus
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
| | - Maria Kasper
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Liu L, Zheng CX, Zhao N, Zhu T, Hu CB, Zhang N, Chen J, Zhang KC, Zhang S, Liu JX, Zhang K, Jing H, Sui BD, Jin Y, Jin F. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregation-Released Extracellular Vesicles Induce CD31 + EMCN + Vessels in Skin Regeneration and Improve Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300019. [PMID: 36999744 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The blood vessel system is essential for skin homeostasis and regeneration. While the heterogeneity of vascular endothelial cells has been emergingly revealed, whether a regeneration-relevant vessel subtype exists in skin remains unknown. Herein, a specialized vasculature in skin featured by simultaneous CD31 and EMCN expression contributing to the regeneration process is identified, the decline of which functionally underlies the impaired angiogenesis of diabetic nonhealing wounds. Moreover, enlightened by the developmental process that mesenchymal condensation induces angiogenesis, it is demonstrated that mesenchymal stem/stromal cell aggregates (CAs) provide an efficacious therapy to enhance regrowth of CD31+ EMCN+ vessels in diabetic wounds, which is surprisingly suppressed by pharmacological inhibition of extracellular vesicle (EV) release. It is further shown that CAs promote secretion of angiogenic protein-enriched EVs by proteomic analysis, which directly exert high efficacy in boosting CD31+ EMCN+ vessels and treating nonhealing diabetic wounds. These results add to the current knowledge on skin vasculature and help establish feasible strategies to benefit wound healing under diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Oral Histopathology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Cheng-Biao Hu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kai-Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Sha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jie-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Huan Jing
- Department of Endodontics, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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16
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Afshar A, Khoradmehr A, Nowzari F, Baghban N, Zare M, Najafi M, Keshavarzi SZ, Zendehboudi F, Mohebbi G, Barmak A, Mohajer F, Basouli N, Keshtkar M, Iraji A, Sari Aslani F, Irajie C, Nabipour I, Mahmudpour M, Tanideh N, Tamadon A. Tissue Extract from Brittle Star Undergoing Arm Regeneration Promotes Wound Healing in Rat. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:381. [PMID: 37504912 PMCID: PMC10381614 DOI: 10.3390/md21070381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study set out to evaluate the wound healing properties of brittle star extracts in vitro and in vivo. Due to the great arm regeneration potential of the brittle star, Ophiocoma cynthiae, the present study aimed to evaluate the wound healing effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of brittle star undergoing arm regeneration in wound healing models. The brittle star samples were collected from Nayband Bay, Bushehr, Iran. After wound induction in the arm of brittle stars, hydroalcoholic extracts relating to different times of arm regeneration were prepared. The GC-MS analysis, in vitro MTT cell viability and cell migration, Western blot, and computational analysis tests were performed. Based on the in vitro findings, two BSEs were chosen for in vivo testing. Macroscopic, histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed after treatments. The results showed positive proliferative effects of BSEs. Specifically, forty-two compounds were detected in all groups of BSEs using GC-MS analysis, and their biological activities were assessed. The MTT assay showed that the 14 d BSE had a higher proliferative effect on HFF cells than 7 d BSE. The cell migration assay showed that the wound area in 7 d and 14 d BSEs was significantly lower than in the control group. Western blot analysis demonstrated an increase in the expression of proliferation-related proteins. Upon the computational analysis, a strong affinity of some compounds with proteins was observed. The in vivo analysis showed that the evaluation of wound changes and the percentage of wound healing in cell migration assay in the 7 d BSE group was better than in the other groups. Histopathological scores of the 7 d BSE and 14 d BSE groups were significantly higher than in the other groups. In conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of O. cynthiae undergoing arm regeneration after 7 and 14 days promoted the wound healing process in the cell and rat skin wound healing model due to their proliferative and migratory biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Afshar
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 73, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Fariborz Nowzari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | - Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Masoud Zare
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Maryam Najafi
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Zendehboudi
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Mohebbi
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Alireza Barmak
- Food Lab, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohajer
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Nahid Basouli
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Keshtkar
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sari Aslani
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | - Cambyz Irajie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 73, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 73, Iran
- Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA, Buerger C, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cells 2023; 12:1671. [PMID: 37371141 PMCID: PMC10297376 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in various immune-mediated inflammatory and hyperproliferative dermatoses such as acne, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, psoriasis, wounds, and vitiligo, and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Improved comprehension of the consequences of the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in patients with inflammatory dermatoses has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and to create more effective preventive and treatment methods for a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. Several studies have revealed that certain natural products and synthetic compounds can obstruct the expression/activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, underscoring their potential in managing common and persistent skin inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of the activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and associated components in immune-mediated inflammatory dermatoses and discusses the potential of bioactive natural products, synthetic scaffolds, and biologic agents in their prevention and treatment. However, further research is necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and develop more effective therapies for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Mohammad B. Uddin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Chelsea R. Bock
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Joy T. Folahan
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
- College of Medicine, Belmont University, 900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
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Schmidt AD, Miciano C, Zheng Q, Mathyer ME, Grice EA, de Guzman Strong C. Involucrin Modulates Vitamin D Receptor Activity in the Epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1052-1061.e3. [PMID: 36642403 PMCID: PMC10240284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Terminally differentiated keratinocytes are critical for epidermal function and are surrounded by involucrin (IVL). Increased IVL expression is associated with a near-selective sweep in European populations compared with those in Africa. This positive selection for increased IVL in the epidermis identifies human adaptation outside of Africa. The functional significance is unclear. We hypothesize that IVL modulates the environmentally sensitive vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the epidermis. We investigated VDR activity in Ivl‒/‒ and wild-type mice using vitamin D agonist (MC903) treatment and comprehensively determined the inflammatory response using single-cell RNA sequencing and associated skin microbiome changes using 16S bacterial phylotyping. VDR activity and target gene expression were reduced in Ivl‒/‒ mouse skin, with decreased MC903-mediated skin inflammation and significant reductions in CD4+ T cells, basophils, macrophages, monocytes, and type II basal keratinocytes and an increase in suprabasal keratinocytes. Coinciding with the dampened MC903-mediated inflammation, the skin microbiota of Ivl‒/‒ mice was more stable than that of the wild-type mice, which exhibited an MC903-responsive increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Firmicutes. Together, our studies in Ivl‒/‒ mice identify a functional role for IVL to positively impact VDR activity and suggest an emerging IVL/VDR paradigm for adaptation in the human epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina D Schmidt
- Division of Dermatology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Charlene Miciano
- Division of Dermatology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Elizabeth Mathyer
- Division of Dermatology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cristina de Guzman Strong
- Division of Dermatology, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology Research, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Immunology Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
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19
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Chen F, Guo X, Wu Y. Skin antiaging effects of a multiple mechanisms hyaluronan complex. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13350. [PMID: 37357659 PMCID: PMC10225814 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intrinsic skin aging is an inevitable process with reduced extracellular matrix deposition and impaired mechanical integrity in the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). Hyaluronan is one of the most promising natural ingredients. In this research, multiple mechanisms of a novel hyaluronan complex against intrinsic skin aging were revealed. METHOD Immunohistochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate the effect of low-molecular weight sodium hyaluronan, its acetylated derivative and HA complex on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and type I collagen in normal human fibroblasts. Then, immunohistochemical analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining was carried out to evaluate identical effects of HA complex in reconstructed skin equivalents, as well as its benefits on histological structure and DEJ. RESULT In normal human dermal fibroblasts, the hyaluronan complex, which contains low-molecular weight sodium hyaluronate and its acetylated derivative, has synergistic effects by increasing type I collagen expression. At the same time, MMP-1 production was inhibited. This was confirmed in subsequent experiments with skin equivalent, and intriguingly, the hyaluronan complex was also found to increase the expression of two DEJ proteins. CONCLUSION The multimechanism hyaluronan complex in this proof-of-concept study exhibited skin antiaging effects in vitro through inhibiting the expression of MMP-1 and enhancing type I collagen accumulation and the expression of DEJ proteins, which reveals new avenues for investigating more biological activities of various types of hyaluronan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department of Research and DevelopmentBloomage Biotechnology Co., Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Xueping Guo
- Department of Research and DevelopmentBloomage Biotechnology Co., Ltd.JinanChina
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Research and DevelopmentBloomage Biotechnology Co., Ltd.ShanghaiChina
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20
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Pedro MP, Lund K, Kang SWS, Chen T, Stuelten CH, Porat-Shliom N, Iglesias-Bartolome R. A GPCR screening in human keratinocytes identifies that the metabolite receptor HCAR3 controls epithelial proliferation, migration, and cellular respiration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542853. [PMID: 37398171 PMCID: PMC10312554 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells in the skin and other tissues rely on signals from their environment to maintain homeostasis and respond to injury, and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a critical role in this communication. A better understanding of the GPCRs expressed in epithelial cells will contribute to understanding the relationship between cells and their niche and could lead to developing new therapies to modulate cell fate. This study used human primary keratinocytes as a model to investigate the specific GPCRs regulating epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. We identified three key receptors, hydroxycarboxylic acid-receptor 3 (HCAR3), leukotriene B4-receptor 1 (LTB4R), and G Protein-Coupled Receptor 137 (GPR137) and found that knockdown of these receptors led to changes in numerous gene networks that are important for maintaining cell identity and promoting proliferation while inhibiting differentiation. Our study also revealed that the metabolite receptor HCAR3 regulates keratinocyte migration and cellular metabolism. Knockdown of HCAR3 led to reduced keratinocyte migration and respiration, which could be attributed to altered metabolite use and aberrant mitochondrial morphology caused by the absence of the receptor. This study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between GPCR signaling and epithelial cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pilar Pedro
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Katherine Lund
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Sun Woo Sophie Kang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ting Chen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Christina H. Stuelten
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Natalie Porat-Shliom
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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Napolitano F, Postiglione L, Mormile I, Barrella V, de Paulis A, Montuori N, Rossi FW. Water from Nitrodi’s Spring Induces Dermal Fibroblast and Keratinocyte Activation, Thus Promoting Wound Repair in the Skin: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065357. [PMID: 36982430 PMCID: PMC10049109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Romans knew of Nitrodi’s spring on the island of Ischia more than 2000 years ago. Although the health benefits attributed to Nitrodi’s water are numerous, the underlying mechanisms are still not understood. In this study, we aim to analyze the physicochemical properties and biological effects of Nitrodi’s water on human dermal fibroblasts to determine whether the water exerts in vitro effects that could be relevant to skin wound healing. The results obtained from the study indicate that Nitrodi’s water exerts strong promotional effects on dermal fibroblast viability and a significant stimulatory activity on cell migration. Nitrodi’s water induces alpha-SMA expression in dermal fibroblasts, thus promoting their transition to myofibroblast-protein ECM deposition. Furthermore, Nitrodi’s water reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play an important role in human skin aging and dermal damage. Unsurprisingly, Nitrodi’s water has significant stimulatory effects on the cell proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and inhibits the basal ROS production but enhances their response to the oxidative stress caused by external stimuli. Our results will contribute to the development of human clinical trials and further in vitro studies to identify inorganic and/or organic compounds responsible for pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
| | - Loredana Postiglione
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
| | | | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Montuori
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Wanda Rossi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (L.P.); (I.M.); (A.d.P.); (N.M.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-3175
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22
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Qin L, Liu N, Bao CLM, Yang DZ, Ma GX, Yi WH, Xiao GZ, Cao HL. Mesenchymal stem cells in fibrotic diseases-the two sides of the same coin. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:268-287. [PMID: 35896695 PMCID: PMC9326421 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is caused by extensive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which play a crucial role in injury repair. Fibrosis attributes to ~45% of all deaths worldwide. The molecular pathology of different fibrotic diseases varies, and a number of bioactive factors are involved in the pathogenic process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of multipotent stem cells that have promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of different diseases. Current updates of fibrotic pathogenesis reveal that residential MSCs may differentiate into myofibroblasts which lead to the fibrosis development. However, preclinical and clinical trials with autologous or allogeneic MSCs infusion demonstrate that MSCs can relieve the fibrotic diseases by modulating inflammation, regenerating damaged tissues, remodeling the ECMs, and modulating the death of stressed cells after implantation. A variety of animal models were developed to study the mechanisms behind different fibrotic tissues and test the preclinical efficacy of MSC therapy in these diseases. Furthermore, MSCs have been used for treating liver cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis patients in several clinical trials, leading to satisfactory clinical efficacy without severe adverse events. This review discusses the two opposite roles of residential MSCs and external MSCs in fibrotic diseases, and summarizes the current perspective of therapeutic mechanism of MSCs in fibrosis, through both laboratory study and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Nian Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Chao-le-meng Bao
- CASTD Regengeek (Shenzhen) Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Da-zhi Yang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Gui-xing Ma
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Wei-hong Yi
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000 China
| | - Guo-zhi Xiao
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Hui-ling Cao
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen, 518055 China
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23
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Carceller-Zazo E, Sevilla LM, Pons-Alonso O, Chiner-Oms Á, Amazit L, An Vu T, Vitellius G, Viengchareun S, Comas I, Jaszczyszyn Y, Abella M, Alegre-Martí A, Estébanez-Perpiñá E, Lombès M, Pérez P. The mineralocorticoid receptor modulates timing and location of genomic binding by glucocorticoid receptor in response to synthetic glucocorticoids in keratinocytes. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22709. [PMID: 36527388 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201199rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) exert potent antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties, explaining their therapeutic efficacy for skin diseases. GCs act by binding to the GC receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), co-expressed in classical and non-classical targets including keratinocytes. Using knockout mice, we previously demonstrated that GR and MR exert essential nonoverlapping functions in skin homeostasis. These closely related receptors may homo- or heterodimerize to regulate transcription, and theoretically bind identical GC-response elements (GRE). We assessed the contribution of MR to GR genomic binding and the transcriptional response to the synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex) using control (CO) and MR knockout (MREKO ) keratinocytes. GR chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq identified peaks common and unique to both genotypes upon Dex treatment (1 h). GREs, AP-1, TEAD, and p53 motifs were enriched in CO and MREKO peaks. However, GR genomic binding was 35% reduced in MREKO , with significantly decreased GRE enrichment, and reduced nuclear GR. Surface plasmon resonance determined steady state affinity constants, suggesting preferred dimer formation as MR-MR > GR-MR ~ GR-GR; however, kinetic studies demonstrated that GR-containing dimers had the longest lifetimes. Despite GR-binding differences, RNA-seq identified largely similar subsets of differentially expressed genes in both genotypes upon Dex treatment (3 h). However, time-course experiments showed gene-dependent differences in the magnitude of expression, which correlated with earlier and more pronounced GR binding to GRE sites unique to CO including near Nr3c1. Our data show that endogenous MR has an impact on the kinetics and differential genomic binding of GR, affecting the time-course, specificity, and magnitude of GC transcriptional responses in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carceller-Zazo
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lisa M Sevilla
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell Therapy, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Pons-Alonso
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell Therapy, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Chiner-Oms
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Larbi Amazit
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Unité Mixte de Service UMS-44, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Thi An Vu
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Géraldine Vitellius
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Say Viengchareun
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Iñaki Comas
- Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yan Jaszczyszyn
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Montserrat Abella
- Structural Biology of Nuclear Receptors, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Alegre-Martí
- Structural Biology of Nuclear Receptors, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Estébanez-Perpiñá
- Structural Biology of Nuclear Receptors, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Lombès
- Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Paloma Pérez
- Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cell Therapy, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
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24
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Teshima H, Endo M, Furuyama Y, Takama H, Akiyama M, Tsuji T, Tatsukawa H, Hitomi K. Involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor activity in inevitable air-exposure treatment upon differentiation in a three-dimensional keratinocyte culture. FEBS J 2022; 290:2049-2063. [PMID: 36549886 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Formation of the human skin epidermis can be reproduced by a three-dimensional (3D) keratinocyte culture system, in which air-exposure is inevitable upon initiation of differentiation. In the continuous submerged culture without air-exposure, even with a differentiation-compatible medium, several keratinocyte-specific proteins were not induced resulting in the formation of aberrant epidermal layers. To clarify the mechanism by which air-exposure promotes keratinocyte differentiation, we performed a comparative analysis on biological properties between submerged and air-liquid interphase culture systems. By transcriptomic analysis, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-related genes appeared to significantly change in these cultured cells. In submerged culture, the transcriptional activity of HIF on its canonical response element was enhanced, while air-exposure treatment drastically reduced the transcriptional activity despite the high HIF protein level. Regulating HIF activity through reagents and genetic manipulation revealed that the reduced but retained HIF-transcriptional activity was essentially involved in differentiation. Furthermore, we showed, for the first time, that artificial supplementation of oxygen in the submerged culture system could restore keratinocyte differentiation as observed in the air-exposed culture. Thus, we mechanistically evaluated how HIF regulates the air-exposure-dependent differentiation of keratinocytes in a 3D culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Teshima
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Mayuko Endo
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yumea Furuyama
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tokuji Tsuji
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
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25
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Katiyar S, Singh D, Kumari S, Srivastava P, Mishra A. Novel strategies for designing regenerative skin products for accelerated wound healing. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:316. [PMID: 36276437 PMCID: PMC9547767 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03331-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy skin protects from pathogens, water loss, ultraviolet rays, and also maintains homeostasis conditions along with sensory perceptions in normal circumstances. Skin wound healing mechanism is a multi-phased biodynamic process that ultimately triggers intercellular and intracellular mechanisms. Failure to implement the normal and effective healing process may result in chronic injuries and aberrant scarring. Chronic wounds lead to substantial rising healthcare expenditure, and innovative methods to diagnose and control severe consequences are urgently needed. Skin tissue engineering (STE) has achieved several therapeutic accomplishments during the last few decades, demonstrating tremendous development. The engineered skin substitutes provide instant coverage for extensive wounds and facilitate the prevention of microbial infections and fluid loss; furthermore, they help in fighting inflammation and allow rapid neo-tissue formation. The current review primarily focused on the wound recovery and restoration process and the current conditions of STE with various advancements and complexities associated with different strategies such as cell sources, biopolymers, innovative fabrication techniques, and growth factors delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Katiyar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Divakar Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Shikha Kumari
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Pradeep Srivastava
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
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26
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Srivastava A, Bencomo T, Das I, Lee CS. Unravelling the landscape of skin cancer through single-cell transcriptomics. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101557. [PMID: 36257209 PMCID: PMC9576539 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human skin is a complex organ that forms the first line of defense against pathogens and external injury. It is composed of a wide variety of cells that work together to maintain homeostasis and prevent disease, such as skin cancer. The exponentially rising incidence of skin malignancies poses a growing public health challenge, particularly when the disease course is complicated by metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have provided a high-resolution view of gene expression heterogeneity that can be applied to skin cancers to define cell types and states, understand disease evolution, and develop new therapeutic concepts. This approach has been particularly valuable in characterizing the contribution of immune cells in skin cancer, an area of great clinical importance given the increasing use of immunotherapy in this setting. In this review, we highlight recent skin cancer studies utilizing bulk RNA sequencing, introduce various single-cell transcriptomics approaches, and summarize key findings obtained by applying single-cell transcriptomics to skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Srivastava
- Stanford Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 United States of America,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Tomas Bencomo
- Stanford Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 United States of America
| | - Ishani Das
- Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 United States of America
| | - Carolyn S. Lee
- Stanford Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 United States of America,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 United States of America,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94304 United States of America,Corresponding author at: 269 Campus Drive, Room 2160, Stanford, CA 94305.
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27
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Abedin-Do A, Zhang Z, Douville Y, Méthot M, Bernatchez J, Rouabhia M. Engineering diabetic human skin equivalent for in vitro and in vivo applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:989888. [PMID: 36246377 PMCID: PMC9561872 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.989888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. Diabetes contributes to 70% of all non-traumatic lower-limb amputations, which are directly caused by diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) that are difficult to heal. Non-healing diabetic ulcers represent one of modern society’s most difficult medical challenges. One of the promising initiatives to treat DFU is the grafting of autologous skin or stimulating the skin cells at the edge of the wound to proliferate and close the wound. The present study was to engineer a diabetic human skin equivalent (DHSE) that contains fibroblasts and keratinocytes extracted from the skin collected from diabetic patients. The DHSE was used to investigate whether exposure to low-intensity electrical stimulation (ES) could promote diabetic cell activity. The ES was generated by a direct current (DC) electric field of 20 or 40 mV/mm. We demonstrated that the fibroblasts and keratinocytes could be extracted from older diabetics, cultured, and used to engineer DHSE. Interestingly, the exposure of DHSE to ES led to a structural improvement through tissue stratification, increased Ki-67 expression, and the deposition of basement membrane proteins (laminin and type IV collagen). The DHSE exposed to ES showed a high level of keratin 5 and 14 expressions in the basal and supra-basal layers. The keratinocyte proliferation was supported by an increased secretion of the keratinocyte growth factor (FGF-7). Exposure to ES decreased the activity of metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9. In conclusion, we extracted keratinocytes and fibroblasts from the skin of diabetic-old donors. These cells were used to engineer skin equivalents and demonstrate that ES can promote diabetic wound healing. This DHSE can be a promising tool for various in vitro studies to understand the wound healing mechanisms under chronic inflammatory conditions such as diabetes. The DHSE could also be used as an autologous substrate to cover the DFU permanently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Abedin-Do
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Département de Chirurgie Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Ze Zhang
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Yvan Douville
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Département de Chirurgie Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mirelle Méthot
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Département de Chirurgie Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Bernatchez
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Département de Chirurgie Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud Rouabhia,
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A reductionist approach to determine the effect of cell-cell contact on human epidermal stem cell differentiation. Acta Biomater 2022; 150:265-276. [PMID: 35926780 PMCID: PMC9810539 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The balance between stem cell renewal and differentiation is determined by the interplay between intrinsic cellular controls and extrinsic factors presented by the microenvironment, or 'niche'. Previous studies on cultured human epidermis have utilised suspension culture and restricted cell spreading to investigate regulation of differentiation in single keratinocytes. However, keratinocytes are typically adherent to neighbouring cells in vivo. We therefore developed experimental models to investigate the combined effects of cell-ECM adhesion and cell-cell contact. We utilized lipid-modified oligonucleotides to form clusters of keratinocytes which were subsequently placed in suspension to induce terminal differentiation. In this experimental model cell-cell contact had no effect on suspension-induced differentiation of keratinocytes. We next developed a high-throughput platform for robust geometrical confinement of keratinocytes to hexagonal ECM-coated islands permitting direct cell-cell contact between single cells. As in the case of circular islands, differentiation was stimulated on the smallest single hexagonal islands. However, the percentage of involucrin-positive cells on small bowtie islands was significantly lower than on single islands, demonstrating that cell-cell contact reduced differentiation in response to decreased substrate adhesion. None of the small bowtie islands contained two involucrin-positive cells. Rather, if one cell was involucrin-positive the other was involucrin-negative. This suggests that there is intrinsic asymmetry in the effect of cell-cell contact in decreasing differentiation. Thus, our reductionist approaches provide new insights into the effect of the niche on keratinocyte differentiation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Stem cell behaviour is regulated by a combination of external signals, including the nature of the adhesive substrate and cell-cell interactions. An understanding of how different signals are integrated creates the possibility of developing new biomaterials to promote tissue regeneration and broaden our understanding of skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis, in which stem cell proliferation and differentiation are perturbed. In this study we have applied two methods to engineer intercellular adhesion of human epidermal stem cells, one involving lipid-modified DNA and the other involving hexagonal micropatterns. We show that the effect of cell-cell adhesion depends on cell-substrate adhesion and uncover evidence that two cells in equivalent environments can nevertheless behave differently.
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29
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Hippchen Y, Tewary G, Jung D, Schmal Z, Meessen S, Palm J, Rübe CE. Cultured Human Foreskin as a Model System for Evaluating Ionizing Radiation-Induced Skin Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179830. [PMID: 36077226 PMCID: PMC9456202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Precise molecular and cellular mechanisms of radiation-induced dermatitis are incompletely understood. Histone variant H2A.J is associated with cellular senescence and modulates senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) after DNA-damaging insults, such as ionizing radiation (IR). Using ex vivo irradiated cultured foreskin, H2A.J was analyzed as a biomarker of radiation-induced senescence, potentially initiating the inflammatory cascade of radiation-induced skin injury. Methods: Human foreskin explants were collected from young donors, irradiated ex vivo with 10 Gy, and cultured in air-liquid interphase for up to 72 h. At different time-points after ex vivo IR exposure, the foreskin epidermis was analyzed for proliferation and senescence markers by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining of sectioned tissue. Secretion of cytokines was measured in supernatants by ELISA. Using our mouse model with fractionated in vivo irradiation, H2A.J expression was analyzed in epidermal stem/progenitor cell populations localized in different regions of murine hair follicles (HF). Results: Non-vascularized foreskin explants preserved their tissue homeostasis up to 72 h (even after IR exposure), but already non-irradiated foreskin epithelium expressed high levels of H2A.J in all epidermal layers and secreted high amounts of cytokines. Unexpectedly, no further increase in H2A.J expression and no obvious upregulation of cytokine secretion was observed in the foreskin epidermis after ex vivo IR. Undifferentiated keratinocytes in murine HF regions, by contrast, revealed low H2A.J expression in non-irradiated skin and significant radiation-induced H2A.J upregulations at different time-points after IR exposure. Based on its staining characteristics, we presume that H2A.J may have previously underestimated the importance of the epigenetic regulation of keratinocyte maturation. Conclusions: Cultured foreskin characterized by highly keratinized epithelium and specific immunological features is not an appropriate model for studying H2A.J-associated tissue reactions during radiation-induced dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanick Hippchen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gargi Tewary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Zoé Schmal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Meessen
- Department of Urology, Klinikum Saarbrücken, 66119 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan Palm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Claudia E. Rübe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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30
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Koren E, Feldman A, Yusupova M, Kadosh A, Sedov E, Ankawa R, Yosefzon Y, Nasser W, Gerstberger S, Kimel LB, Priselac N, Brown S, Sharma S, Gorenc T, Shalom-Feuerstein R, Steller H, Shemesh T, Fuchs Y. Thy1 marks a distinct population of slow-cycling stem cells in the mouse epidermis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4628. [PMID: 35941116 PMCID: PMC9360001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of distinct stem cells that maintain the interfollicular epidermis is highly debated. Here, we report a population of keratinocytes, marked by Thy1, in the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis. We find that epidermal cells expressing differential levels of Thy1 display distinct transcriptional signatures. Thy1+ keratinocytes do not express T cell markers, express a unique transcriptional profile, cycle significantly slower than basal epidermal progenitors and display significant expansion potential in vitro. Multicolor lineage tracing analyses and mathematical modeling reveal that Thy1+ basal keratinocytes do not compete neutrally alike interfollicular progenitors and contribute long-term to both epidermal replenishment and wound repair. Importantly, ablation of Thy1+ cells strongly impairs these processes, thus indicating the non-redundant function of Thy1+ stem cells in the epidermis. Collectively, these results reveal a distinct stem cell population that plays a critical role in epidermal homeostasis and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elle Koren
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alona Feldman
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marianna Yusupova
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Avihay Kadosh
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Egor Sedov
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roi Ankawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yahav Yosefzon
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Waseem Nasser
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Liam B Kimel
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noa Priselac
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Samara Brown
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Sam Sharma
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Travis Gorenc
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Ruby Shalom-Feuerstein
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hermann Steller
- Strang Laboratory of Apoptosis and Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Tom Shemesh
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Yaron Fuchs
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
- Lorry Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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31
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Negri VA, Watt FM. Understanding Human Epidermal Stem Cells at Single-Cell Resolution. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2061-2067. [PMID: 35570025 PMCID: PMC9826868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The human epidermis is one of the first tissues in which the existence of stem cells was recognized and is one of the few in which ex vivo expansion for tissue repair is established clinically. Nevertheless, the nature of stem cells has been elusive. Using clonal growth assays of cultured keratinocytes as a quantitative measure of their abundance, several candidate stem cell markers have been described. Recently, the volume and quality of single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets have increased exponentially, providing new opportunities to explore the nature of epidermal stem cells and test the validity of in vitro experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Augusti Negri
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona M. Watt
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,Directors' Research Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany,Correspondence: Fiona M. Watt, Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King’s College London, Floor 28, Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
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32
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Li J, Ma J, Zhang Q, Gong H, Gao D, Wang Y, Li B, Li X, Zheng H, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Leng L. Spatially resolved proteomic map shows that extracellular matrix regulates epidermal growth. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4012. [PMID: 35817779 PMCID: PMC9273758 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin comprises stratified squamous epithelium and dermis with various stromal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The basement membrane (BM), a thin layer at the top of the dermis, serves as a unique niche for determining the fate of epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) by transmitting physical and biochemical signals to establish epidermal cell polarity and maintain the hierarchical structure and function of skin tissue. However, how stem cell niches maintain tissue homeostasis and control wound healing by regulating the behavior of EpSCs is still not completely understood. In this study, a hierarchical skin proteome map is constructed using spatial quantitative proteomics combined with decellularization, laser capture microdissection, and mass spectrometry. The specific functions of different structures of normal native skin tissues or tissues with a dermatologic disease are analyzed in situ. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ)-induced protein ig-h3 (TGFBI), an ECM glycoprotein, in the BM is identified that could enhance the growth and function of EpSCs and promote wound healing. Our results provide insights into the way in which ECM proteins facilitate the growth and function of EpSCs as part of an important niche. The results may benefit the clinical treatment of skin ulcers or diseases with refractory lesions that involve epidermal cell dysfunction and re-epithelialization block in the future. Ling Leng et al. construct a hierarchical skin proteome map and identify an extracellular matrix glycoprotein TGFBI, which is located in basement membrane and could enhance the growth and function of epidermal stem cells and promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huizi Gong
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dunqin Gao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Biyou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.,Basic Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China. .,Basic Medical School, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
| | - Ling Leng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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33
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Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A New Method for Reversing Skin Aging. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:961-968. [PMID: 35809187 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is an inevitable natural life process that involves structural and functional degeneration of tissues and organs. Recently, the process of skin aging has attracted much attention. Determining a means to delay or even reverse skin aging has become a research hotspot in medical cosmetology and anti-aging. Dysfunction in the epidermis and fibroblasts and changes in the composition and content of the extracellular matrix are common pathophysiological manifestations of skin aging. Reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinases play essential roles in this process. Stem cells are pluripotent cells that possess self-replication abilities and can differentiate into multiple functional cells under certain conditions. These cells also possess a strong ability to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Stem cell transplantation has the potential for application in anti-aging therapy. Increasing studies have demonstrated that stem cells perform functions through paracrine processes, particularly those involving exosomes. Exosomes are nano-vesicular substances secreted by stem cells that participate in cell-to-cell communication by transporting their contents into target cells. In this chapter, the biological characteristics of exosomes were reviewed, including their effects on extracellular matrix formation, epidermal cell function, fibroblast function and antioxidation. Exosomes derived from stem cells may provide a new means to reverse skin aging.
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34
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THY1-mediated mechanisms converge to drive YAP activation in skin homeostasis and repair. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1049-1063. [PMID: 35798842 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anchored cells of the basal epidermis constantly undergo proliferation in an overcrowded environment. An important regulator of epidermal proliferation is YAP, which can be controlled by both cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Here, we report that THY1, a GPI-anchored protein, inhibits epidermal YAP activity through converging molecular mechanisms. THY1 deficiency leads to increased adhesion by activating the integrin-β1-SRC module. Notably, regardless of high cellular densities, the absence of THY1 leads to the dissociation of an adherens junction complex that enables the release and translocation of YAP. Due to increased YAP-dependent proliferation, Thy1-/- mice display enhanced wound repair and hair follicle regeneration. Taken together, our work reveals THY1 as a crucial regulator of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions that controls YAP activity in skin homeostasis and regeneration.
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Bhattacharya N, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Selective Ablation of BCL11A in Epidermal Keratinocytes Alters Skin Homeostasis and Accelerates Excisional Wound Healing In Vivo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132106. [PMID: 35805190 PMCID: PMC9265695 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulator BCL11A plays a crucial role in coordinating a suite of developmental processes including skin morphogenesis, barrier functions and lipid metabolism. There is little or no reports so far documenting the role of BCL11A in postnatal adult skin homeostasis and in the physiological process of tissue repair and regeneration. The current study establishes for the first time the In Vivo role of epidermal BCL11A in maintaining adult epidermal homeostasis and as a negative regulator of cutaneous wound healing. Conditional ablation of Bcl11a in skin epidermal keratinocytes (Bcl11aep−/−mice) enhances the keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation program, suggesting its critical role in epidermal homeostasis of adult murine skin. Further, loss of keratinocytic BCL11A promotes rapid closure of excisional wounds both in a cell autonomous manner likely via accelerating wound re-epithelialization and in a non-cell autonomous manner by enhancing angiogenesis. The epidermis specific Bcl11a knockout mouse serves as a prototype to gain mechanistic understanding of various downstream pathways converging towards the manifestation of an accelerated healing phenotype upon its deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilika Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Dermatology, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (G.G.-I.)
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: (A.K.I.); (G.G.-I.)
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36
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Ghorbani S, Shahrokhtash A, Gautrot JE, Sutherland DS. Protein Ligand Nanopattern Size Selects for Cellular Adhesion via Hemidesmosomes over Focal Adhesions. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200152. [PMID: 35451210 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein complexes that firmly anchor epidermal cells to the basement membrane of skin through the interconnection of the cytoplasmic intermediate filaments with extracellular laminin 332 (Ln332). Considerably less attention has been paid to HDs compared to focal complexes/focal adhesions (FC/FAs) in mechanistic single-cell structures due to the lack of suitable in vitro model systems. Here nanopatterns of Ln332 (100-1000 nm) are created to direct and study the formation of HD in adherent HaCaT cells. It is observed that HaCaT cells at Ln 332 nanopatterns adhere via hemidesmosomes, in stark contrast to cells at homogeneous Ln332 surfaces that adhere via FC/FAs. Clustering of α6 integrin is observed at nanopatterned Ln332 of 300 nm patches and larger. Cells at 500 nm diameter patterns show strong colocalization of α6 integrin with ColXVII or pan-cytokeratin compared to 300 nm/1000 nm indicating a threshold for HD initiation >100 nm but a pattern size selection for maturation of HDs. It is demonstrated that the pattern of Ln332 can determine the cellular selection of adhesion types with a size-dependent initiation and maturation of HDs. The protein nanopatterning approach that is presented provides a new in vitro route to study the role of HDs in cell signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghorbani
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
- The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CellPAT), Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Ali Shahrokhtash
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
- The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CellPAT), Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Julien E Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Duncan S Sutherland
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
- The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CellPAT), Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
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Wu S, Yu Y, Liu C, Zhang X, Zhu P, Peng Y, Yan X, Li Y, Hua P, Li Q, Wang S, Zhang L. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals lineage trajectory of human scalp hair follicle and informs mechanisms of hair graying. Cell Discov 2022; 8:49. [PMID: 35606346 PMCID: PMC9126928 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair conditions, such as hair loss and graying, are prevalent human conditions. But they are often poorly controlled due to our insufficient understanding of human scalp hair follicle (hsHF) in health and disease. Here we describe a comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis on highly purified black and early-stage graying hsHFs. Based on these, a concise single-cell atlas for hsHF and its early graying changes is generated and verified using samples from multiple independent individuals. These data reveal the lineage trajectory of hsHF in unprecedented detail and uncover its multiple unexpected features not found in mouse HFs, including the presence of an innerbulge like compartment in the growing phase, lack of a discrete companion layer, and enrichment of EMT features in HF stem cells (HFSCs). Moreover, we demonstrate that besides melanocyte depletion, early-stage human hair graying is also associated with specific depletion of matrix hair progenitors but not HFSCs. The hair progenitors' depletion is accompanied by their P53 pathway activation whose pharmaceutical blockade can ameliorate hair graying in mice, enlightening a promising therapeutic avenue for this prevalent hair condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyue Liu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - You Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Hua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sijia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Shanghai, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
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38
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Tricarico PM, Mentino D, De Marco A, Del Vecchio C, Garra S, Cazzato G, Foti C, Crovella S, Calamita G. Aquaporins Are One of the Critical Factors in the Disruption of the Skin Barrier in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4020. [PMID: 35409378 PMCID: PMC8999368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving as an effective mechanical barrier between the internal milieu and the external environment. The skin is widely considered the first-line defence of the body, with an essential function in rejecting pathogens and preventing mechanical, chemical, and physical damages. Keratinocytes are the predominant cells of the outer skin layer, the epidermis, which acts as a mechanical and water-permeability barrier. The epidermis is a permanently renewed tissue where undifferentiated keratinocytes located at the basal layer proliferate and migrate to the overlying layers. During this migration process, keratinocytes undertake a differentiation program known as keratinization process. Dysregulation of this differentiation process can result in a series of skin disorders. In this context, aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins allowing the movement of water and small neutral solutes, are emerging as important players in skin physiology and skin diseases. Here, we review the role of AQPs in skin keratinization, hydration, keratinocytes proliferation, water retention, barrier repair, wound healing, and immune response activation. We also discuss the dysregulated involvement of AQPs in some common inflammatory dermatological diseases characterised by skin barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Donatella Mentino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Aurora De Marco
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Del Vecchio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sabino Garra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
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39
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Unraveling the Role of Sex Hormones on Keratinocyte Functions in Human Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063132. [PMID: 35328552 PMCID: PMC8955788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin exerts several fundamental functions that are the first physical, chemical and immune barriers to the human body. Keratinocytes, the main cell type of the epidermis, provide mechanical defense, support skin integrity and actively endorse cutaneous immune responses. Not surprisingly, considering these crucial activities, alterations in keratinocyte functions are associated with different inflammatory skin diseases. Recent findings indicate that the skin should not only be regarded as a target for hormones but that it should also be considered as an endocrine peripheral organ that is directly involved in the synthesis and metabolism of these chemical messengers. Sex hormones have multiple effects on the skin, attributed to the binding with intracellular receptors expressed by different skin cell populations, including keratinocytes, that activate downstream signaling routes that modulate specific cellular functions and activities. This review is aimed at reorganizing the current knowledge on the role exerted by sex hormones on keratinocyte function in five different inflammatory skin diseases: Hidradenitis suppurativa; Acne vulgaris; Atopic dermatitis; progesterone hypersensitivity; psoriasis. The results of our work aim to provide a deeper insight into common cellular mechanisms and molecular effectors that might constitute putative targets to address for the development of specific therapeutic interventions.
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40
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Pazhouhnia Z, Beheshtizadeh N, Namini MS, Lotfibakhshaiesh N. Portable hand‐held bioprinters promote in situ tissue regeneration. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10307. [PMID: 36176625 PMCID: PMC9472017 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Pazhouhnia
- Department of Tissue Engineering School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
| | - Nima Beheshtizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
| | - Mojdeh Salehi Namini
- Department of Tissue Engineering School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
| | - Nasrin Lotfibakhshaiesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Regenerative Medicine group (REMED) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran
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41
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Akat E, Yenmiş M, Pombal MA, Molist P, Megías M, Arman S, Veselỳ M, Anderson R, Ayaz D. Comparison of Vertebrate Skin Structure at Class Level: A Review. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 305:3543-3608. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Akat
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Bornova, İzmir Turkey
| | - Melodi Yenmiş
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Bornova, İzmir Turkey
| | - Manuel A. Pombal
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía‐IBIV Vigo, España
| | - Pilar Molist
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía‐IBIV Vigo, España
| | - Manuel Megías
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía‐IBIV Vigo, España
| | - Sezgi Arman
- Sakarya University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Biology Department Sakarya Turkey
| | - Milan Veselỳ
- Palacky University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology Olomouc Czechia
| | - Rodolfo Anderson
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista São Paulo Brazil
| | - Dinçer Ayaz
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Bornova, İzmir Turkey
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42
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Xue M, Zhao R, March L, Jackson C. Dermal Fibroblast Heterogeneity and Its Contribution to the Skin Repair and Regeneration. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:87-107. [PMID: 33607934 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Dermal fibroblasts are the major cell type in the skin's dermal layer. These cells originate from distinct locations of the embryo and reside in unique niches in the dermis. Different dermal fibroblasts exhibit distinct roles in skin development, homeostasis, and wound healing. Therefore, these cells are becoming attractive candidates for cell-based therapies in wound healing. Recent Advances: Human skin dermis comprises multiple fibroblast subtypes, including papillary, reticular, and hair follicle-associated fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts after wounding. Recent studies reveal that these cells play distinct roles in wound healing and contribute to diverse healing outcomes, including nonhealing chronic wound or excessive scar formation, such as hypertrophic scars (HTS) and keloids, with papillary fibroblasts having antiscarring and reticular fibroblast scar-forming properties. Critical Issues: The identities and functions of dermal fibroblast subpopulations in many respects remain unknown. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of dermal fibroblast heterogeneity, including their defined cell markers and dermal niches, dynamic changes, and contributions to skin wound healing, with the emphasis on scarless healing, healing with excessive scars (HTS and keloids), chronic wounds, and the potential application of this heterogeneity for developing cell-based therapies that allow wounds to heal faster with less scarring. Future Directions: Heterogeneous dermal fibroblast populations and their functions are poorly characterized. Refining and advancing our understanding of dermal fibroblast heterogeneity and their participation in skin homeostasis and wound healing may create potential therapeutic applications for nonhealing chronic wounds or wounds that heal with excessive scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruilong Zhao
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lyn March
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Jackson
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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43
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Vietri Rudan M, Watt FM. Mammalian Epidermis: A Compendium of Lipid Functionality. Front Physiol 2022; 12:804824. [PMID: 35095565 PMCID: PMC8791442 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.804824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian epidermis is a striking example of the role of lipids in tissue biology. In this stratified epithelium, highly specialized structures are formed that leverage the hydrophobic properties of lipids to form an impermeable barrier and protect the humid internal environment of the body from the dry outside. This is achieved through tightly regulated lipid synthesis that generates the molecular species unique to the tissue. Beyond their fundamental structural role, lipids are involved in the active protection of the body from external insults. Lipid species present on the surface of the body possess antimicrobial activity and directly contribute to shaping the commensal microbiota. Lipids belonging to a variety of classes are also involved in the signaling events that modulate the immune responses to environmental stress as well as differentiation of the epidermal keratinocytes themselves. Recently, high-resolution methods are beginning to provide evidence for the involvement of newly identified specific lipid molecules in the regulation of epidermal homeostasis. In this review we give an overview of the wide range of biological functions of mammalian epidermal lipids.
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44
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Abreu CM, Marques AP. Recreation of a hair follicle regenerative microenvironment: Successes and pitfalls. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10235. [PMID: 35079623 PMCID: PMC8780054 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hair follicle (HF) is an exquisite skin appendage endowed with cyclical regenerative capacity; however, de novo follicle formation does not naturally occur. Consequently, patients suffering from extensive skin damage or hair loss are deprived of the HF critical physiological and/or aesthetic functions, severally compromising skin function and the individual's psychosocial well-being. Translation of regenerative strategies has been prevented by the loss of trichogenic capacity that relevant cell populations undergo in culture and by the lack of suitable human-based in vitro testing platforms. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the major difficulties associated with HF regeneration and the approaches used to overcome these drawbacks. We describe key cellular requirements and discuss the importance of the HF extracellular matrix and associated signaling for HF regeneration. Finally, we summarize the strategies proposed so far to bioengineer human HF or hair-bearing skin models and disclose future trends for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. Abreu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs ‐ Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAvePark–Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate LaboratoryGuimarãesPortugal
| | - Alexandra P. Marques
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs ‐ Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAvePark–Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, University of MinhoGuimarãesPortugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate LaboratoryGuimarãesPortugal
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45
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Zijl S, Salameti V, Louis B, Negri VA, Watt FM. Dynamic regulation of human epidermal differentiation by adhesive and mechanical forces. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 150:129-148. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Chamcheu JC, Walker AL, Noubissi FK. Natural and Synthetic Bioactives for Skin Health, Disease and Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124383. [PMID: 34959935 PMCID: PMC8705709 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
- Correspondence: (J.C.C.); (A.L.W.); (F.K.N.)
| | - Anthony Lynn. Walker
- School of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
- Correspondence: (J.C.C.); (A.L.W.); (F.K.N.)
| | - Felicite Kamdem Noubissi
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
- Correspondence: (J.C.C.); (A.L.W.); (F.K.N.)
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47
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Pérez P. The mineralocorticoid receptor in skin disease. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:3178-3189. [PMID: 34788475 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR or NR3C2) is expressed in all cell types of the different skin compartments and can be bound and activated by glucocorticoids (GCs) with higher affinity than its closely related glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR or NR3C1). As both corticosteroid receptors co-express in skin, and considering the therapeutic relevance of GCs to combat skin inflammatory diseases, it was proposed that several of the major side-effects of topical GCs such as skin atrophy and delayed wound healing were due to unintended activation of the MR. Indeed, cutaneous MR blockade using genetic and pharmacological approaches in mice and human reduced the GC-associated skin atrophy in conditions of endogenous and pharmacological GC excess. While data support the safety of topical MR antagonists combined with GCs, it is crucial to address the efficacy of treatment in skin inflammatory conditions and its impact on the overall metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Pérez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (IBV)-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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48
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Vo DT, Fuller MR, Tindle C, Anandachar MS, Das S, Sahoo D, Ghosh P. SPT6 loss permits the transdifferentiation of keratinocytes into an intestinal fate that resembles Barrett's metaplasia. iScience 2021; 24:103121. [PMID: 34622168 PMCID: PMC8481972 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient depletion of the transcription elongation factor SPT6 in the keratinocyte has been recently shown to inhibit epidermal differentiation and stratification; instead, they transdifferentiate into a gut-like lineage. We show here that this phenomenon of transdifferentiation recapitulates Barrett's metaplasia, the only human pathophysiologic condition in which a stratified squamous epithelium that is injured due to chronic acid reflux is trans-committed into an intestinal fate. The evidence we present here not only lend support to the notion that the keratinocytes are potentially the cell of origin of Barrett's metaplasia but also provide mechanistic insights linking transient acid exposure, downregulation of SPT6, stalled transcription of the master regulator of epidermal fate TP63, loss of epidermal fate, and metaplastic progression. Because Barrett's metaplasia in the esophagus is a pre-neoplastic condition with no preclinical human models, these findings have a profound impact on the modeling Barrett's metaplasia-in-a-dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella T. Vo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0703, Leichtag Building 132, La Jolla, CA 92093-0703, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - MacKenzie R. Fuller
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive (MC 0651), George E. Palade Bldg, Rm 232, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence (CoRE), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Courtney Tindle
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive (MC 0651), George E. Palade Bldg, Rm 232, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence (CoRE), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Mahitha Shree Anandachar
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, George E. Palade Bldg, Rm 256, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Soumita Das
- HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence (CoRE), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, George E. Palade Bldg, Rm 256, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0703, Leichtag Building 132, La Jolla, CA 92093-0703, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive (MC 0651), George E. Palade Bldg, Rm 232, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence (CoRE), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
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49
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Mancino G, Miro C, Di Cicco E, Dentice M. Thyroid hormone action in epidermal development and homeostasis and its implications in the pathophysiology of the skin. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1571-1579. [PMID: 33683663 PMCID: PMC8285348 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs) are key endocrine regulators of tissue development and homeostasis. They are constantly released into the bloodstream and help to regulate many cell functions. The principal products released by the follicular epithelial cells are T3 and T4. T4, which is the less active form of TH, is produced in greater amounts than T3, which is the most active form of TH. This mechanism highlights the importance of the peripheral regulation of TH levels that goes beyond the central axis. Skin, muscle, liver, bone and heart are finely regulated by TH. In particular, skin is among the target organs most influenced by TH, which is essential for skin homeostasis. Accordingly, skin diseases are associated with an altered thyroid status. Alopecia, dermatitis and vitiligo are associated with thyroiditis and alopecia and eczema are frequently correlated with the Graves' disease. However, only in recent decades have studies started to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of TH in epidermal homeostasis. Herein, we summarize the most frequent clinical epidermal alterations linked to thyroid diseases and review the principal mechanisms involved in TH control of keratinocyte proliferation and functional differentiation. Our aim is to define the open questions in this field that are beginning to be elucidated thanks to the advent of mouse models of altered TH metabolism and to obtain novel insights into the physiopathological consequences of TH metabolism on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - E Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.
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Pereira D, Sequeira I. A Scarless Healing Tale: Comparing Homeostasis and Wound Healing of Oral Mucosa With Skin and Oesophagus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682143. [PMID: 34381771 PMCID: PMC8350526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues are the most rapidly dividing tissues in the body, holding a natural ability for renewal and regeneration. This ability is crucial for survival as epithelia are essential to provide the ultimate barrier against the external environment, protecting the underlying tissues. Tissue stem and progenitor cells are responsible for self-renewal and repair during homeostasis and following injury. Upon wounding, epithelial tissues undergo different phases of haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling, often resulting in fibrosis and scarring. In this review, we explore the phenotypic differences between the skin, the oesophagus and the oral mucosa. We discuss the plasticity of these epithelial stem cells and contribution of different fibroblast subpopulations for tissue regeneration and wound healing. While these epithelial tissues share global mechanisms of stem cell behaviour for tissue renewal and regeneration, the oral mucosa is known for its outstanding healing potential with minimal scarring. We aim to provide an updated review of recent studies that combined cell therapy with bioengineering exporting the unique scarless properties of the oral mucosa to improve skin and oesophageal wound healing and to reduce fibrotic tissue formation. These advances open new avenues toward the ultimate goal of achieving scarless wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inês Sequeira
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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