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Amissah HA, Combs SE, Shevtsov M. Tumor Dormancy and Reactivation: The Role of Heat Shock Proteins. Cells 2024; 13:1087. [PMID: 38994941 PMCID: PMC11240553 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are a heterogeneous group of cell masses originating in various organs or tissues. The cellular composition of the tumor cell mass interacts in an intricate manner, influenced by humoral, genetic, molecular, and tumor microenvironment cues that dictate tumor growth or suppression. As a result, tumors undergo a period of a dormant state before their clinically discernible stage, which surpasses the clinical dormancy threshold. Moreover, as a genetically imprinted strategy, early-seeder cells, a distinct population of tumor cells, break off to dock nearby or extravasate into blood vessels to secondary tissues, where they form disseminated solitary dormant tumor cells with reversible capacity. Among the various mechanisms underlying the dormant tumor mass and dormant tumor cell formation, heat shock proteins (HSPs) might play one of the most important roles in how the dormancy program plays out. It is known that numerous aberrant cellular processes, such as malignant transformation, cancer cell stemness, tumor invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and signaling pathway maintenance, are influenced by the HSPs. An accumulating body of knowledge suggests that HSPs may be involved in the angiogenic switch, immune editing, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling cascades, crucial genetically imprinted strategies important to the tumor dormancy initiation and dormancy maintenance program. In this review, we highlight the biological events that orchestrate the dormancy state and the body of work that has been conducted on the dynamics of HSPs in a tumor mass, as well as tumor cell dormancy and reactivation. Additionally, we propose a conceptual framework that could possibly underlie dormant tumor reactivation in metastatic relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneef Ahmed Amissah
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biology and Medical Biology, FEFU Campus, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- Diagnostics Laboratory Department, Trauma and Specialist Hospital, CE-122-2486, Central Region, Winneba P.O. Box 326, Ghana
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Cascio P. PA28γ, the ring that makes tumors invisible to the immune system? Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00078-6. [PMID: 38631454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PA28γ is a proteasomal interactor whose main and most known function is to stimulate the hydrolytic activity of the 20 S proteasome independently of ubiquitin and ATP. Unlike its two paralogues, PA28α and PA28β, PA28γ is largely present in the nuclear compartment and plays pivotal functions in important pathways such as cellular division, apoptosis, neoplastic transformation, chromatin structure and organization, fertility, lipid metabolism, and DNA repair mechanisms. Although it is known that a substantial fraction of PA28γ is found in the cell in a free form (i.e. not associated with 20 S), almost all of the studies so far have focused on its ability to modulate proteasomal enzymatic activities. In this respect, the ability of PA28γ to strongly stimulate degradation of proteins, especially if intrinsically disordered and therefore devoid of three-dimensional tightly folded structure, appears to be the main molecular mechanism underlying its multiple biological effects. Initial studies, conducted more than 20 years ago, came to the conclusion that among the many biological functions of PA28γ, the immunological ones were rather limited and circumscribed. In this review, we focus on recent evidence showing that PA28γ fulfills significant functions in cell-mediated acquired immunity, with a particular role in attenuating MHC class I antigen presentation, especially in relation to neoplastic transformation and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cascio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
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3
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Samudrala M, Dhaveji S, Savsani K, Dakshanamurthy S. AutoEpiCollect, a Novel Machine Learning-Based GUI Software for Vaccine Design: Application to Pan-Cancer Vaccine Design Targeting PIK3CA Neoantigens. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:322. [PMID: 38671743 PMCID: PMC11048108 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous epitope-based cancer vaccines have focused on analyzing a limited number of mutated epitopes and clinical variables preliminarily to experimental trials. As a result, relatively few positive clinical outcomes have been observed in epitope-based cancer vaccines. Further efforts are required to diversify the selection of mutated epitopes tailored to cancers with different genetic signatures. To address this, we developed the first version of AutoEpiCollect, a user-friendly GUI software, capable of generating safe and immunogenic epitopes from missense mutations in any oncogene of interest. This software incorporates a novel, machine learning-driven epitope ranking method, leveraging a probabilistic logistic regression model that is trained on experimental T-cell assay data. Users can freely download AutoEpiCollectGUI with its user guide for installing and running the software on GitHub. We used AutoEpiCollect to design a pan-cancer vaccine targeting missense mutations found in the proto-oncogene PIK3CA, which encodes the p110ɑ catalytic subunit of the PI3K kinase protein. We selected PIK3CA as our gene target due to its widespread prevalence as an oncokinase across various cancer types and its lack of presence as a gene target in clinical trials. After entering 49 distinct point mutations into AutoEpiCollect, we acquired 361 MHC Class I epitope/HLA pairs and 219 MHC Class II epitope/HLA pairs. From the 49 input point mutations, we identified MHC Class I epitopes targeting 34 of these mutations and MHC Class II epitopes targeting 11 mutations. Furthermore, to assess the potential impact of our pan-cancer vaccine, we employed PCOptim and PCOptim-CD to streamline our epitope list and attain optimized vaccine population coverage. We achieved a world population coverage of 98.09% for MHC Class I data and 81.81% for MHC Class II data. We used three of our predicted immunogenic epitopes to further construct 3D models of peptide-HLA and peptide-HLA-TCR complexes to analyze the epitope binding potential and TCR interactions. Future studies could aim to validate AutoEpiCollect's vaccine design in murine models affected by PIK3CA-mutated or other mutated tumor cells located in various tissue types. AutoEpiCollect streamlines the preclinical vaccine development process, saving time for thorough testing of vaccinations in experimental trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Samudrala
- College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | | | - Kush Savsani
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 22043, USA
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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4
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Ye JJ, Bao P, Deng K, Dong X, He J, Xia Y, Wang Z, Liu X, Tang Y, Feng J, Zhang XZ. Engineering cancer cell membranes with endogenously upregulated HSP70 as a reinforced antigenic repertoire for the construction of material-free prophylactic cancer vaccines. Acta Biomater 2024; 174:386-399. [PMID: 38016511 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Immune cells distinguish cancer cells mainly relying on their membrane-membrane communication. The major challenge of cancer vaccines exists in difficult identification of cancer neoantigens and poor understanding over immune recognition mechanisms against cancer cells, particularly the combination among multiple antigens and the cooperation between antigens and immune-associated proteins. We exploit cancer cell membranes as the whole cancer antigen repertoire and reinforce its immunogenicity by cellular engineering to modulate the cytomembrane's immune-associated functions. This study reports a vaccine platform based on radiation-engineered cancer cells, of which the membrane HSP70 protein as the immune chaperon/traitor is endogenously upregulated. The resulting positive influences are shown to cover immunogenic steps occurring in antigen-presenting cells, including the uptake and the cross-presentation of the cancer antigens, thus amplifying cancer-specific immunogenicity. Membrane vaccines offer chances to introduce desired metal ions through membrane-metal complexation. Using Mn2+ ion as the costimulatory interferon genes agonist, immune activity is enhanced to further boost adaptive cancer immunogenicity. Results have evidenced that this artificially engineered membrane vaccine with favorable bio-safety could considerably reduce tumorigenicity and inhibit tumor growth. This study provides a universally applicable and facilely available cancer vaccine platform by artificial engineering of cancer cells to inherit and amplify the natural merits of cancer cell membranes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The major challenge of cancer vaccines exists in difficult identification of cancer neoantigens and poor understanding over immune recognition mechanisms against cancer cells, particularly the combination among multiple antigens and the cooperation between antigens and immune-associated proteins. Cancer cell membrane presents superior advantages as the whole cancer antigen repertoire, including the reported and the unidentified antigens, but its immunogenicity is far from satisfactory. Cellular engineering approaches offer chances to endogenously modulate the immune-associated functions of cell membranes. Such a reinforced vaccine based on the engineered cancer cell membranes matches better the natural immune recognition pathway than the conventional vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Peng Bao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xue Dong
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jinlian He
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Ying Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Xue Q, Zeng S, Ren Y, Pan Y, Chen J, Chen N, Wong KKY, Song L, Fang C, Guo J, Xu J, Liu C, Zeng J, Sun L, Zhang H, Chen J. Relief of tumor hypoxia using a nanoenzyme amplifies NIR-II photoacoustic-guided photothermal therapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:59-76. [PMID: 38223179 PMCID: PMC10783917 DOI: 10.1364/boe.499286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a critical tumor microenvironment (TME) component. It significantly impacts tumor growth and metastasis and is known to be a major obstacle for cancer therapy. Integrating hypoxia modulation with imaging-based monitoring represents a promising strategy that holds the potential for enhancing tumor theranostics. Herein, a kind of nanoenzyme Prussian blue (PB) is synthesized as a metal-organic framework (MOF) to load the second near-infrared (NIR-II) small molecule dye IR1061, which could catalyze hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen and provide a photothermal conversion element for photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT). To enhance stability and biocompatibility, silica was used as a coating for an integrated nanoplatform (SPI). SPI was found to relieve the hypoxic nature of the TME effectively, thus suppressing tumor cell migration and downregulating the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), both of which led to an amplified NIR-II PTT effect in vitro and in vivo, guided by the NIR-II PAI. Furthermore, label-free multi-spectral PAI permitted the real-time evaluation of SPI as a putative tumor treatment. A clinical histological analysis confirmed the amplified treatment effect. Hence, SPI combined with PAI could offer a new approach for tumor diagnosing, treating, and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xue
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Silue Zeng
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yaguang Ren
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhai Chen
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ningbo Chen
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- The University of Hong Kong, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth K Y Wong
- The University of Hong Kong, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang Song
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jinhan Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Litao Sun
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jingqin Chen
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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6
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Janssens S, Rennen S, Agostinis P. Decoding immunogenic cell death from a dendritic cell perspective. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:350-370. [PMID: 38093416 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are myeloid cells bridging the innate and adaptive immune system. By cross-presenting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) liberated upon spontaneous or therapy-induced tumor cell death to T cells, DCs occupy a pivotal position in the cancer immunity cycle. Over the last decades, the mechanisms linking cancer cell death to DC maturation, have been the focus of intense research. Growing evidence supports the concept that the mere transfer of TAAs during the process of cell death is insufficient to drive immunogenic DC maturation unless this process is coupled with the release of immunomodulatory signals by dying cancer cells. Malignant cells succumbing to a regulated cell death variant called immunogenic cell death (ICD), foster a proficient interface with DCs, enabling their immunogenic maturation and engagement of adaptive immunity against cancer. This property relies on the ability of ICD to exhibit pathogen-mimicry hallmarks and orchestrate the emission of a spectrum of constitutively present or de novo-induced danger signals, collectively known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this review, we discuss how DCs perceive and decode danger signals emanating from malignant cells undergoing ICD and provide an outlook of the major signaling and functional consequences of this interaction for DCs and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Rennen
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Padula L, Fisher E, Strbo N. "All for One and One for All": The Secreted Heat Shock Protein gp96-Ig Based Vaccines. Cells 2023; 13:72. [PMID: 38201276 PMCID: PMC10778431 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been 50 years since Peter Charles Doherty and Rolf M Zinkernagel proposed the principle of "simultaneous dual recognition", according to which adaptive immune cells recognized "self" and "non-self" simultaneously to establish immunological efficacy. These two scientists shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this discovery. Their basic immunological principle became the foundation for the development of numerous vaccine approaches against infectious diseases and tumors, including promising strategies grounded on the use of recombinant gp96-Ig developed by our lab over the last two decades. In this review, we will highlight three major principles of the gp96-Ig vaccine strategy: (1) presentation of pathogenic antigens to T cells (specificity); (2) activation of innate immune responses (adjuvanticity); (3) priming of T cells to home to the epithelial compartments (mucosal immunity). In summary, we provide a paradigm for a vaccine approach that can be rapidly engineered and customized for any future pathogens that require induction of effective tissue-resident memory responses in epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natasa Strbo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (L.P.); (E.F.)
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Qin L, Wang J, Cheng F, Cheng J, Zhang H, Zheng H, Liu Y, Liang Z, Wang B, Li C, Wang H, Ju Y, Tian H, Meng S. GPC3 and PEG10 peptides associated with placental gp96 elicit specific T cell immunity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4337-4354. [PMID: 37932427 PMCID: PMC10700408 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The placenta and tumors can exhibit a shared expression profile of proto-oncogenes. The basis of placenta-derived heat shock protein gp96, which induces prophylactic and therapeutic T cell responses against cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains unknown. Here, we identified the associated long peptides from human placental gp96 using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight and mass spectrometry and analyzed the achieved proteins through disease enrichment analysis. We found that placental gp96 binds to numerous peptides derived from 73 proteins that could be enriched in multiple cancer types. Epitope-harboring peptides from glypican 3 (GPC3) and paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10) were the major antigens mediating anti-HCC T cell immunity. Molecular docking analysis showed that the GPC3- and PEG10-derived peptides, mainly obtained from the cytotrophoblast layer of the mature placenta, bind to the lumenal channel and client-bound domain of the gp96 dimer. Immunization with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant gp96-GPC3 or recombinant gp96-PEG10 peptide complex induced specific T cell responses, and T cell transfusion led to pronounced growth inhibition of HCC tumors in nude mice. We demonstrated that the chaperone gp96 can capture antigenic peptides as an efficient approach for defining tumor rejection oncoantigens in the placenta and provide a basis for developing GPC3 and PEG10 peptide-based vaccines against HCC. This study provides insight into the underlying mechanism of the antitumor response mediated by embryonic antigens from fetal tissues, and this will incite more studies to identify potential tumor rejection antigens from placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuru Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiamin Cheng
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huaguo Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhentao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baifeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changfei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
| | | | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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9
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Bie N, Yong T, Wei Z, Liang Q, Zhang X, Li S, Li X, Li J, Gan L, Yang X. Tumor-repopulating cell-derived microparticles elicit cascade amplification of chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity to boost anti-PD-1 therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:408. [PMID: 37875473 PMCID: PMC10598206 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, particularly antibodies targeting the programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, its efficacy as a standalone therapy remains limited. Although ICB therapy in combination with chemotherapy shows promising therapeutic responses, the challenge lies in amplifying chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity effectively. This relies on efficient drug delivery to tumor cells and robust antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs). Here, we developed tumor-repopulating cell (TRC)-derived microparticles with exceptional tumor targeting to deliver doxorubicin (DOX@3D-MPs) for improve anti-PD-1 therapy. DOX@3D-MPs effectively elicit immunogenic tumor cell death to release sufficient tumor antigens. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) overexpressed in DOX@3D-MPs contributes to capturing tumor antigens, promoting their phagocytosis by DCs, and facilitating DCs maturation, leading to the activation of CD8+ T cells. DOX@3D-MPs significantly enhance the curative response of anti-PD-1 treatment in large subcutaneous H22 hepatoma, orthotopic 4T1 breast tumor and Panc02 pancreatic tumor models. These results demonstrate that DOX@3D-MPs hold promise as agents to improve the response rate to ICB therapy and generate long-lasting immune memory to prevent tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Bie
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingle Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianye Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Gan
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), or stress proteins, are abundant and highly conserved, present in all organisms and in all cells. Selected HSPs, also known as chaperones, play crucial roles in folding and unfolding of proteins, assembly of multiprotein complexes, transport and sorting of proteins into correct subcellular compartments, cell-cycle control and signaling, and protection of cells against stress and apoptosis. More recently, HSPs have been shown to be key players in immune responses: during antigen presentation as well as cross-priming, they chaperone and transfer antigenic peptides to class I and class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complexes. In addition, extracellular HSPs can stimulate and cause maturation of professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. They also chaperone several toll-like receptors, which play a central role in innate immune responses. HSPs constitute a large family of proteins that are often classified based on their molecular weight as Hsp10, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, etc. This unit contains a table that lists common HSPs and summarizes their characteristics including (a) name, (b) subcellular localization, (c) known function, (d) chromosome assignment, (e) brief comments, and (f) references. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hagymasi
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Joseph P Dempsey
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Pramod K Srivastava
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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11
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Morajkar RV, Kumar AS, Kunkalekar RK, Vernekar AA. Advances in nanotechnology application in biosafety materials: A crucial response to COVID-19 pandemic. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022; 4:347-363. [PMID: 35765656 PMCID: PMC9225943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has adversely affected the public domain causing unprecedented cases and high mortality across the globe. This has brought back the concept of biosafety into the spotlight to solve biosafety problems in developing diagnostics and therapeutics to treat COVID-19. The advances in nanotechnology and material science in combination with medicinal chemistry have provided a new perspective to overcome this crisis. Herein, we discuss the efforts of researchers in the field of material science in developing personal protective equipment (PPE), detection devices, vaccines, drug delivery systems, and medical equipment. Such a synergistic approach of disciplines can strengthen the research to develop biosafety products in solving biosafety problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmi V. Morajkar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akhil S. Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohan K. Kunkalekar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau 403206, Goa, India,Corresponding authors: Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India (A.A. Vernekar); School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau 403206, Goa, India (R.K. Kunkalekar)
| | - Amit A. Vernekar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India,Corresponding authors: Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India (A.A. Vernekar); School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau 403206, Goa, India (R.K. Kunkalekar)
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12
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Wang Y, Li C, Chi X, Huang X, Gao H, Ji N, Zhang Y. Low MxA Expression Predicts Better Immunotherapeutic Outcomes in Glioblastoma Patients Receiving Heat Shock Protein Peptide Complex 96 Vaccination. Front Oncol 2022; 12:865779. [PMID: 35903678 PMCID: PMC9321638 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.865779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein peptide complex 96 (HSPPC-96) has been proven to be a safe and preliminarily effective therapeutic vaccine in treating newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (NCT02122822). However, the clinical outcomes were highly variable, rendering the discovery of outcome-predictive biomarkers essential for this immunotherapy. We utilized multidimensional immunofluorescence staining to detect CD4+ CD8+ and PD-1+ immune cell infiltration levels, MxA and gp96 protein expression in pre-vaccination GBM tissues of 19 patients receiving HSPPC-96 vaccination. We observed low MxA expression was associated with longer OS than high MxA expression (48 months vs. 20 months, p=0.038). Long-term survivors (LTS) exhibited significantly lower MxA expression than short-term survivors (STS) (p= 0.0328), and ROC curve analysis indicated MxA expression as a good indicator in distinguishing LTS and STS (AUC=0.7955, p=0.0318). However, we did not observe any significant impact of immune cell densities or gp96 expression on patient outcomes. Finally, we revealed the association of MxA expression with prognosis linked to a preexisting TCR clone (CDR3-2) but was independent of the peripheral tumor-specific immune response. Taken together, low MxA expression correlated with better survival in GBM patients receiving HSPPC-96 vaccination, indicating MxA as a potential biomarker for early recognition of responsive patients to this immunotherapy.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02122822) http://www. chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx (ChiCTR-ONC-13003309).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunzhao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Chi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hua Gao
- Cure & Sure Biotech Co., LTD, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Zhang, ; Nan Ji,
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Zhang, ; Nan Ji,
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13
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gp96 Expression in Gliomas and Its Association with Tumor Malignancy and T Cell Infiltrating Level. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9575867. [PMID: 35794988 PMCID: PMC9251151 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9575867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein glycoprotein 96 kDa (gp96) implicates in glioma invasiveness and engages antitumor immune response, representing a potential target for glioma treatment. However, its expression in different types of gliomas, its association with glioma-infiltrating T cells (GITs), and their clinical significance remain unknown. Herein, we utilized multiplex immunofluorescence staining (MIS) to detect gp96 expression and GIT levels on a tissue microarray (TMA), that comprises 234 glioma cases. We then validated the TMA results and explored possible mechanisms by investigating the RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). We observed that gp96 was ubiquitously expressed in all types of gliomas whereas overexpressed in grade IV gliomas. Also, high gp96 expression predicted unfavorable outcomes independent of the malignancy grade. Meanwhile, gp96 expression positively correlated CD8+, CD4+, and PD-1+ cell densities, and especially associated with increased infiltration of CD4+ PD-1+ GITs. Clinically, the gp96-immune cell score (GI score), by summing the values measuring gp96 expression and immune cell densities, is capable of stratifying patients into four outcome-distinct groups (hazard ratio, 1.945; 95% CI, 1.521–2.486; P < 0.0001). Mechanistically, the interferon-γ/α response pathways were revealed to engage in the association between gp96 and GITs. Taken together, gp96 was ubiquitously expressed in gliomas, overexpressed in grade IV gliomas, and increased with GIT infiltrative levels. The GI score, that integrates levels of gp96 expression and GIT infiltration, is a potential prognostic classification system for gliomas.
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14
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Nayak DA, Binder RJ. Agents of cancer immunosurveillance: HSPs and dsDNA. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:404-413. [PMID: 35382994 PMCID: PMC9058224 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunosurveillance requires tumor cell-derived molecules to initiate responses through corresponding receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) and a specific effector response designed to eliminate the emerging tumor cells. This is supported by evidence from immunodeficient individuals and experimental animals. Recent discoveries suggest that adjuvanticity of tumor-derived heat shock proteins (HSPs) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) are necessary for tumor-specific immunity. There is also the obligatory early transfer of tumor antigens to APCs. We argue that tumor-derived HSPs deliver sufficient chaperoned antigen for cross-priming within the quantitative limits set by nascent tumors. In contrast to late-stage tumors, we are only just beginning to understand the unique interactions of the immune system with precancerous/nascent neoplastic cells, which is important for improved cancer prevention measures.
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15
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Kelly WJ, Giles AJ, Gilbert M. T lymphocyte-targeted immune checkpoint modulation in glioma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000379. [PMID: 32051289 PMCID: PMC7057419 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory therapies targeting inhibitory checkpoint molecules have revolutionized the treatment of solid tumor malignancies. Concerns about whether systemic administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor could impact primary brain tumors were answered with the observation of definitive responses in pediatric patients harboring hypermutated gliomas. Although initial clinical results in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) were disappointing, recently published results have demonstrated a potential survival benefit in patients with recurrent GBM treated with neoadjuvant programmed cell death protein 1 blockade. While these findings necessitate verification in subsequent studies, they support the possibility of achieving clinical meaningful immune responses in malignant primary brain tumors including GBM, a disease in dire need of additional therapeutic options. There are several challenges involved in treating glioma with immune checkpoint modulators including the immunosuppressive nature of GBM itself with high inhibitory checkpoint expression, the immunoselective blood brain barrier impairing the ability for peripheral lymphocytes to traffic to the tumor microenvironment and the high prevalence of corticosteroid use which suppress lymphocyte activation. However, by simultaneously targeting multiple costimulatory and inhibitory pathways, it may be possible to achieve an effective antitumoral immune response. To this end, there are now several novel agents targeting more recently uncovered “second generation” checkpoint molecules. Given the multiplicity of drugs being considered for combination regimens, an increased understanding of the mechanisms of action and resistance combined with more robust preclinical and early clinical testing will be needed to be able to adequately test these agents. This review summarizes our current understanding of T lymphocyte-modulating checkpoint molecules as it pertains to glioma with the hope for a renewed focus on the most promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber Jin Giles
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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16
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Marozzi M, Parnigoni A, Negri A, Viola M, Vigetti D, Passi A, Karousou E, Rizzi F. Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, and Proteostasis in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158102. [PMID: 34360868 PMCID: PMC8346982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted and complex pathology characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Most cancers are recognized by an inflammatory environment rich in a myriad of factors produced by immune infiltrate cells that induce host cells to differentiate and to produce a matrix that is more favorable to tumor cells’ survival and metastasis. As a result, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is changed in terms of macromolecules content, degrading enzymes, and proteins. Altered ECM components, derived from remodeling processes, interact with a variety of surface receptors triggering intracellular signaling that, in turn, cancer cells exploit to their own benefit. This review aims to present the role of different aspects of ECM components in the tumor microenvironment. Particularly, we highlight the effect of pro- and inflammatory factors on ECM degrading enzymes, such as metalloproteases, and in a more detailed manner on hyaluronan metabolism and the signaling pathways triggered by the binding of hyaluronan with its receptors. In addition, we sought to explore the role of extracellular chaperones, especially of clusterin which is one of the most prominent in the extracellular space, in proteostasis and signaling transduction in the tumor microenvironment. Although the described tumor microenvironment components have different biological roles, they may engage common signaling pathways that favor tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Marozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Aide Negri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (M.V.); (D.V.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.N.); (F.R.)
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17
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Zarubova J, Zhang X, Hoffman T, Hasani-Sadrabadi MM, Li S. Biomaterial-based immunoengineering to fight COVID-19 and infectious diseases. MATTER 2021; 4:1528-1554. [PMID: 33723531 PMCID: PMC7942141 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Infection by SARS-CoV-2 virus often induces the dysregulation of immune responses, tissue damage, and blood clotting. Engineered biomaterials from the nano- to the macroscale can provide targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, local immunomodulation, enhanced immunity, and other desirable functions to coordinate appropriate immune responses and to repair tissues. Based on the understanding of COVID-19 disease progression and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, we discuss possible immunotherapeutic strategies and highlight biomaterial approaches from the perspectives of preventive immunization, therapeutic immunomodulation, and tissue healing and regeneration. Successful development of biomaterial platforms for immunization and immunomodulation will not only benefit COVID-19 patients, but also have broad applications for a variety of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zarubova
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xuexiang Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tyler Hoffman
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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18
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Gerosa M, Grande MD, Busato A, Vurro F, Cisterna B, Forlin E, Gherlinzoni F, Morana G, Gottardi M, Matteazzi P, Speghini A, Marzola P. Nanoparticles exhibiting self-regulating temperature as innovative agents for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia. Nanotheranostics 2021; 5:333-347. [PMID: 33732604 PMCID: PMC7961124 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.55695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few years, for therapeutic purposes in oncology, considerable attention has been focused on a method called magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) based on local heating of tumor cells. In this paper, an innovative, promising nanomaterial, M48 composed of iron oxide-based phases has been tested. M48 shows self-regulating temperature due to the observable second order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic state. A specific hydrophilic coating based on both citrate ions and glucose molecules allows high biocompatibility of the nanomaterial in biological matrices and its use in vivo. MFH mediator efficiency is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in breast cancer cells and tumors, confirming excellent features for biomedical application. The temperature increase, up to the Curie temperature, gives rise to a phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic state, promoting a shortage of the r2 transversal relaxivity that allows a switch in the contrast in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Combining this feature with a competitive high transversal (spin-spin) relaxivity, M48 paves the way for a new class of temperature sensitive T2 relaxing contrast agents. Overall, the results obtained in this study prepare for a more affordable and tunable heating mechanism preventing the damages of the surrounding healthy tissues and, at the same time, allowing monitoring of the temperature reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerosa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Dal Grande
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona and INSTM, RU Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Busato
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Vurro
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico Forlin
- MBN Nanomaterialia S.p.A., Via Giacomo Bortolan, 42, 31050 Carbonera Treviso, Italy
| | - Filippo Gherlinzoni
- Foundation for Nanotheranostics Research in Cancer Therapy, RNC, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morana
- Foundation for Nanotheranostics Research in Cancer Therapy, RNC, Treviso, Italy
| | - Michele Gottardi
- Foundation for Nanotheranostics Research in Cancer Therapy, RNC, Treviso, Italy
| | - Paolo Matteazzi
- MBN Nanomaterialia S.p.A., Via Giacomo Bortolan, 42, 31050 Carbonera Treviso, Italy.,Foundation for Nanotheranostics Research in Cancer Therapy, RNC, Treviso, Italy
| | - Adolfo Speghini
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona and INSTM, RU Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Pasquina Marzola
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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19
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Kim JW, Cho YB, Lee S. Cell Surface GRP94 as a Novel Emerging Therapeutic Target for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030670. [PMID: 33802964 PMCID: PMC8002708 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident member of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family. In physiological conditions, it plays a vital role in regulating biological functions, including chaperoning cellular proteins in the ER lumen, maintaining calcium homeostasis, and modulating immune system function. Recently, several reports have shown the functional role and clinical relevance of GRP94 overexpression in the progression and metastasis of several cancers. Therefore, the current review highlights GRP94’s physiological and pathophysiological roles in normal and cancer cells. Additionally, the unmet medical needs of small chemical inhibitors and the current development status of monoclonal antibodies specifically targeting GRP94 will be discussed to emphasize the importance of cell surface GRP94 as an emerging therapeutic target in monoclonal antibody therapy for cancer.
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20
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Seclì L, Fusella F, Avalle L, Brancaccio M. The dark-side of the outside: how extracellular heat shock proteins promote cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4069-4083. [PMID: 33544155 PMCID: PMC8164615 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to exerting several essential house-keeping activities in the cell, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are crucial players in a well-structured molecular program activated in response to stressful challenges. Among the different activities carried out by HSPs during emergency, they reach the extracellular milieu, from where they scout the surroundings, regulate extracellular protein activity and send autocrine and paracrine signals. Cancer cells permanently experience stress conditions due to their altered equilibrium and behaviour, and constantly secrete heat shock proteins as a result. Other than supporting anti-tumour immunity, extracellular heat shock proteins (eHSPs), can also exacerbate cancer cell growth and malignancy by sustaining different cancer hallmarks. eHSPs are implicated in extracellular matrix remodelling, resistance to apoptosis, promotion of cell migration and invasion, induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and activation of stromal cells, supporting ultimately, metastasis dissemination. A broader understanding of eHSP activity and contribution to tumour development and progression is leading to new opportunities in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Seclì
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Federica Fusella
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Lidia Avalle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
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21
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Corigliano MG, Sander VA, Sánchez López EF, Ramos Duarte VA, Mendoza Morales LF, Angel SO, Clemente M. Heat Shock Proteins 90 kDa: Immunomodulators and Adjuvants in Vaccine Design Against Infectious Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:622186. [PMID: 33553125 PMCID: PMC7855457 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.622186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins 90 kDa (Hsp90s) were originally identified as stress-responsive proteins and described to participate in several homeostatic processes. Additionally, extracellular Hsp90s have the ability to bind to surface receptors and activate cellular functions related to immune response (cytokine secretion, cell maturation, and antigen presentation), making them very attractive to be studied as immunomodulators. In this context, Hsp90s are proposed as new adjuvants in the design of novel vaccine formulations that require the induction of a cell-mediated immune response to prevent infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the adjuvant properties of Hsp90s when they are either alone, complexed, or fused to a peptide to add light to the knowledge of Hsp90s as carriers and adjuvants in the design of vaccines against infectious diseases. Besides, we also discuss the mechanisms by which Hsp90s activate and modulate professional antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Corigliano
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Valeria A Sander
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Edwin F Sánchez López
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Víctor A Ramos Duarte
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Luisa F Mendoza Morales
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Sergio O Angel
- Unidad Biotecnológica 2-UB2, Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Marina Clemente
- Unidad Biotecnológica 6-UB6, Laboratorio de Molecular Farming y Vacunas, INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
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22
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Dehbarez FM, Nezafat N, Mahmoodi S. In Silico Design of a Novel Multi-Epitope Peptide Vaccine Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200502030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent cancer in the world. As
yet, there is no medication for complete treatment of HCC.
Objective:
There is a critical need to search for an innovative therapy for HCC. Recently, multiepitope
vaccines have been introduced as effective immunotherapy approach against HCC.
Methods:
In this research, several immunoinformatics methods were applied to create an original
multi-epitope vaccine against HCC consisting of CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) epitopes
selected from α- fetoprotein (AFP), glypican-3 (GPC3), aspartyl-β-hydroxylase (ASPH); CD4+
helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) epitopes from tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC), and finally, two tandem
repeats of HSP70407-426 were used which stimulated strong innate and adaptive immune responses.
All the mentioned parts were connected together by relevant linkers.
Results:
According to physicochemical, structural, and immunological results, the designed
vaccine is stable, non-allergen, antigen; it also has a high-quality 3D structure, and numerous linear
and conformational B cell epitopes, whereby this vaccine may stimulate efficient humoral immunity.
Conclusion:
Center on the collected results, the designed vaccine potentially can induce cellular and
humoral immune responses in HCC cases; nonetheless, the efficiency of vaccine must be approved
within in vitro and in vivo immunological analyzes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Motamedi Dehbarez
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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23
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Muntjewerff EM, Meesters LD, van den Bogaart G. Antigen Cross-Presentation by Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1276. [PMID: 32733446 PMCID: PMC7360722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of dendritic cell (DC) antigen cross-presentation to the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes for immune defense against tumors, viruses, and intracellular pathogens has been recognized widely. Although originally thought to be an exclusive characteristic of DCs, recently also other immune cells, particularly macrophages, have been shown capable of cross-presentation. Here we provide an overview of in vitro and in vivo evidence on cross-presentation by macrophages. As we discuss, it is now firmly established that various types of tissue-resident macrophages are able to cross-present via similar cellular pathways as DCs. This is based on a wide range of antigens in macrophages from many different tissue origins such as blood, tumors, and lymphoid tissue. However, the physiological relevance of macrophage cross-presentation with potential contributions to activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes is still mostly unknown. While cross-presentation by various types of proinflammatory macrophages might be involved in cross-priming of naive CD8+ T lymphocytes, it might also be involved in local reactivation of memory and/or effector CD8+ T lymphocytes. Moreover, cross-presentation by anti-inflammatory macrophages could be related to immune tolerance. Because cross-presentation promotes the initiation and potentiation of antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte responses, stimulating macrophages to cross-present antigen might be a promising strategy for antitumor or antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke M Muntjewerff
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luca D Meesters
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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24
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Kuo IM, Lee JJ, Wang YS, Chiang HC, Huang CC, Hsieh PJ, Han W, Ke CH, Liao ATC, Lin CS. Potential enhancement of host immunity and anti-tumor efficacy of nanoscale curcumin and resveratrol in colorectal cancers by modulated electro- hyperthermia. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:603. [PMID: 32600429 PMCID: PMC7324975 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a form of hyperthermia used in cancer treatment. mEHT has demonstrated the ability to activate host immunity by inducing the release of heat shock proteins, triggering apoptosis, and destroying the integrity of cell membranes to enhance cellular uptake of chemo-drugs in tumor cells. Both curcumin and resveratrol are phytochemicals that function as effective antioxidants, immune activators, and potential inhibitors of tumor development. However, poor bioavailability is a major obstacle for use in clinical cancer treatment. METHODS This purpose of this study was to investigate whether mEHT can increase anti-cancer efficacy of nanosized curcumin and resveratrol in in vitro and in vivo models. The in vitro study included cell proliferation assay, cell cycle, and apoptosis analysis. Serum concentration was analyzed for the absorption of curcumin and resveratrol in SD rat model. The in vivo CT26/BALB/c animal tumor model was used for validating the safety, tumor growth curve, and immune cell infiltration within tumor tissues after combined mEHT/curcumin/resveratrol treatment. RESULTS The results indicate co-treatment of mEHT with nano-curcumin and resveratrol significantly induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of CT26 cells. The serum concentrations of curcumin and resveratrol were significantly elevated when mEHT was applied. The combination also inhibited the growth of CT26 colon cancer by inducing apoptosis and HSP70 expression of tumor cells while recruiting CD3+ T-cells and F4/80+ macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study have suggested that this natural, non-toxic compound can be an effective anti-tumor strategy for clinical cancer therapy. mEHT can enable cellular uptake of potential anti-tumor materials and create a favorable tumor microenvironment for an immunological chain reaction that improves the success of combined treatments of curcumin and resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Kuo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Jih-Jong Lee
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- JohnPro Biotech Inc., Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Chiao-Hsu Ke
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Albert T. C. Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chen-Si Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
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25
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Hakala TA, Davies S, Toprakcioglu Z, Bernardim B, Bernardes GJL, Knowles TPJ. A Microfluidic Co-Flow Route for Human Serum Albumin-Drug-Nanoparticle Assembly. Chemistry 2020; 26:5965-5969. [PMID: 32237164 PMCID: PMC7318336 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely studied as carrier vehicles in biological systems because their size readily allows access through cellular membranes. Moreover, they have the potential to carry cargo molecules and as such, these factors make them especially attractive for intravenous drug delivery purposes. Interest in protein-based nanoparticles has recently gained attraction due to particle biocompatibility and lack of toxicity. However, the production of homogeneous protein nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiencies, without the need for additional cross-linking or further engineering of the molecule, remains challenging. Herein, we present a microfluidic 3D co-flow device to generate human serum albumin/celastrol nanoparticles by co-flowing an aqueous protein solution with celastrol in ethanol. This microscale co-flow method resulted in the formation of nanoparticles with a homogeneous size distribution and an average size, which could be tuned from ≈100 nm to 1 μm by modulating the flow rates used. We show that the high stability of the particles stems from the covalent cross-linking of the naturally present cysteine residues within the particles formed during the assembly step. By choosing optimal flow rates during synthesis an encapsulation efficiency of 75±24 % was achieved. Finally, we show that this approach achieves significantly enhanced solubility of celastrol in the aqueous phase and, crucially, reduced cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli A. Hakala
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCB2 1EWCambridgeUK
| | - Sarah Davies
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCB2 1EWCambridgeUK
| | - Zenon Toprakcioglu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCB2 1EWCambridgeUK
| | - Barbara Bernardim
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCB2 1EWCambridgeUK
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCB2 1EWCambridgeUK
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaAvenida Professor Egas Moniz1649-028LisboaPortugal
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26
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Zhang Y, Mudgal P, Wang L, Wu H, Huang N, Alexander PB, Gao Z, Ji N, Li QJ. T cell receptor repertoire as a prognosis marker for heat shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccine trial against newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1749476. [PMID: 32313731 PMCID: PMC7153824 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1749476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a dismal prognosis. We previously reported that vaccination with heat shock protein peptide complex-96 (HSPPC-96) improves survival in patients with newly diagnosed GBM (NCT02122822). Especially for patients with a strong antitumor immune response after vaccination, a durable survival benefit can be achieved. Here, we conducted T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to retrospectively examine the TCR repertoires of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in long-term survivors (LTS) and short-term survivors (STS). We found that LTS exhibit lower TCR repertoire diversity compared with STS, indicating the prevalence of dominant TCR clones in LTS tumors. Accordingly, the LTS group showed increased inter-patient similarity, especially among high-frequency TCR clones, implying some of these dominant clones are shared among LTS. Indeed, we discovered four TCR clones significantly enriched in the LTS group: the presence of these clones has predictive value for stratifying patients prior to vaccination. Together, these findings uncover a group of preexisting TCR clones shared in LTS that can be utilized as candidate biomarkers to select GBM patients most likely to durably respond to HSPPC-96 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liuyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Na Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhixian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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27
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Zhou J, Zhao H, Zhang L, Ye X, Wang Z, Li Q, Ke H, Zhao G, Du J, Yang S, Zhao L. Effects of bacterial haemorrhagic septicemia on the immune response of Leiocassis longirostris by RNA-Seq and microRNA-Seq. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 34:100659. [PMID: 32070936 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leiocassis longirostris is a common fish variety that is widely cultivated in China, during the breeding process however, it is highly susceptible to bacterial haemorrhagic septicemia, which can cause great economic loss for farmers. To understand the immune responses of L. longirostris to Aeromonas hydrophila infection, Illumina sequencing was employed to identify changes in the mRNA and miRNA in spleen tissue. In this study, a total of 92.16 and 95.61 million (M) high-quality transcriptome reads were generated from the control group (CG) and experimental group (EG) spleen samples, respectively, and 207 up-regulated and 185 down-regulated genes were identified. These genes were enriched in 29 GO terms and 30 KEGG pathways (P ≤ 0.05), including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and complement and coagulation cascades, with 17 up-regulated genes and 12 down-regulated genes related to immune responses in the EG relative to the CG. Based on the zebrafish genome, miRNA-seq identified a total of 343 miRNAs, of which 15 were up-regulated and 10 were down-regulated (fold-change ≥2 or ≤0.5 and P ≤ 0.05). Target gene prediction and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that all of the target genes were concentrated in 13 pathways associated with immune response, including the mTOR signaling pathway and the TGF-beta signaling pathway. The expression patterns of 8 differentially expressed genes and 4 miRNAs involved in immune response were validated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. These results have provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response of L. longirostris to bacterial haemorrhagic septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianlin Ye
- Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Ke
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Du
- Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liulan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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28
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Neukirch L, Fougeroux C, Andersson AMC, Holst PJ. The potential of adenoviral vaccine vectors with altered antigen presentation capabilities. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:25-41. [PMID: 31889453 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1711054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite their appeal as vaccine vectors, adenoviral vectors are yet unable to induce protective immune responses against some weakly immunogenic antigens. Additionally, the maximum doses of adenovirus-based vaccines are limited by vector-induced toxicity, causing vector elimination and diminished immune responses against the target antigen. In order to increase immune responses to the transgene, while maintaining a moderate vector dose, new technologies for improved transgene presentation have been developed for adenoviral vaccine vectors.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of different genetic-fusion adjuvants that aim to improve antigen presentation in the context of adenoviral vector-based vaccines. The influence on both T cell and B cell responses are discussed, with a main focus on two technologies: MHC class II-associated invariant chain and virus-like-vaccines.Expert opinion: Different strategies have been tested to improve adenovirus-based vaccinations with varying degrees of success. The reviewed genetic adjuvants were designed to increase antigen processing and MHC presentation, or promote humoral immune responses with an improved conformational antigen display. While none of the introduced technologies is universally applicable, this review shall give an overview to identify potential improvements for future vaccination approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Neukirch
- Clinical Cooperation Unit "Applied Tumor Immunity", National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cyrielle Fougeroux
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Carola Andersson
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Johannes Holst
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
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29
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Guo Y, Ran Y, Wang Z, Cheng J, Cao Y, Yang C, Liu F, Ran H. Magnetic-responsive and targeted cancer nanotheranostics by PA/MR bimodal imaging-guided photothermally triggered immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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30
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Vermaelen K. Vaccine Strategies to Improve Anti-cancer Cellular Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2019; 10:8. [PMID: 30723469 PMCID: PMC6349827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
More than many other fields in medicine, cancer vaccine development has been plagued by a wide gap between the massive amounts of highly encouraging preclinical data on one hand, and the disappointing clinical results on the other. It is clear now that traditional approaches from the infectious diseases' vaccine field cannot be borrowed as such to treat cancer. This review highlights some of the strategies developed to improve vaccine formulations for oncology, including research into more powerful or “smarter” adjuvants to elicit anti-tumoral cellular immune responses. As an illustration of the difficulties in translating smart preclinical strategies into real benefit for the cancer patient, the difficult road of vaccine development in lung cancer is given as example. Finally, an outline is provided of the combinatorial strategies that leverage the increasing knowledge on tumor-associated immune suppressive networks. Indeed, combining with drugs that target the dominant immunosuppressive pathway in a given tumor promises to unlock the true power of cancer vaccines and potentially offer long-term protection from disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Vermaelen
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Network Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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31
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Shevtsov M, Multhoff G. Therapeutic Implications of Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02254-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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32
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Dong-Po X, Di-An F, Chang-Sheng Z, Shu-Lun J, Hao-Yuan H. Effect of tributyltin chloride (TBT-Cl) exposure on expression of HSP90β1 in the river pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus): Evidences for its immunologic function involving in exploring process. Gene 2018; 666:9-17. [PMID: 29723535 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
HSP90β1 (known as glyco-protein 96, GP96) is a vital endoplasmic reticulum (ER) depended chaperonin among the HSPs (heat shock proteins) family. Furthermore, it always processes and presents antigen of the tumor and keeps balance for the intracellular environment. In the present study, we explored the effect of tributyltin chloride (TBT-Cl) exposure on HSP90β1 expression in river pufferfish, Takifugu obscurus. The full length of To-HSP90β1 was gained with 2775 bp in length, with an ORF (open reading frame) encoding an 803 aa polypeptide. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and showed the close relationship to other fish species. The HSP90β1 mRNA transcript was expressed in all tissues investigated with higher level in the gill and liver. After the acute and chronic exposure of TBT-Cl, the To-HSP90β1 mRNA transcript significantly was up-regulated in gills. Moreover, the histology study indicated the different injury degree of TBT-Cl in liver and gill. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining results implied the cytoplasm reorganization after TBT-Cl stress and the function of immunoregulation for To-HSP90β1 to TBT-Cl exposure. All the results indicated that HSP90β1 may be involved in the resistance to the invasion of TBT-Cl for keeping autoimmune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dong-Po
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Fang Di-An
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Zhao Chang-Sheng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Jiang Shu-Lun
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Hu Hao-Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
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De Marchis F, Colanero S, Klein EM, Mainieri D, Prota VM, Bellucci M, Pagliuca G, Zironi E, Gazzotti T, Vitale A, Pompa A. Expression of CLAVATA3 fusions indicates rapid intracellular processing and a role of ERAD. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:67-80. [PMID: 29650159 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The 12 amino acid peptide derived from the Arabidopsis soluble secretory protein CLAVATA3 (CLV3) acts at the cell surface in a signalling system that regulates the size of apical meristems. The subcellular pathway involved in releasing the peptide from its precursor is unknown. We show that a CLV3-GFP fusion expressed in transfected tobacco protoplasts or transgenic tobacco plants has very short intracellular half-life that cannot be extended by the secretory traffic inhibitors brefeldin A and wortmannin. The fusion is biologically active, since the incubation medium of protoplasts from CLV3-GFP-expressing tobacco contains the CLV3 peptide and inhibits root growth. The rapid disappearance of intact CLV3-GFP requires the signal peptide and is inhibited by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or coexpression with a mutated CDC48 that inhibits endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD). The synthesis of CLV3-GFP is specifically supported by the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone endoplasmin in an in vivo assay. Our results indicate that processing of CLV3 starts intracellularly in an early compartment of the secretory pathway and that ERAD could play a regulatory or direct role in the active peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Marchis
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sara Colanero
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Perugia, Italy
| | - Eva M Klein
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Mainieri
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Viviana M Prota
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Bellucci
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pagliuca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Elisa Zironi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Teresa Gazzotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pompa
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Perugia, Italy.
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34
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Ji N, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xie J, Wang Y, Hao S, Gao Z. Heat shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccination for newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a phase I, single-arm trial. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99145. [PMID: 29769450 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock protein peptide complex-96 (HSPPC-96) triggers adaptive and innate antitumor immune responses. The safety and efficacy of HSPPC-96 vaccination was examined in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). METHODS In this open-label, single-arm, phase I study, adult patients were vaccinated with HSPPC-96 in combination with the standard treatment for newly diagnosed GBM after surgical resection. Primary endpoints were frequency of adverse events and progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), PFS, and tumor-specific immune response (TSIR). RESULTS A total of 20 patients with newly diagnosed GBM were enrolled from September 2013 to February 2015. No grade 3 or 4 vaccine-related adverse events were noted. After a median follow-up of 42.3 months, PFS was 89.5% (95% CI, 66.9%-98.7%) at 6 months, median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI, 8.2-13.8), and median OS was 31.4 months (95% CI, 14.9-47.9). TSIR was significantly increased by 2.3-fold (95% CI, 1.7-3.2) after vaccination. Median OS for patients with high TSIR after vaccination was >40.5 months (95% CI, incalculable) as compared with 14.6 months (95% CI, 7.0-22.2) for patients with low TSIR after vaccination (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.071-0.90; P = 0.034). A multivariate Cox regression model revealed TSIR after vaccination as a primary independent predicator for survival. CONCLUSION The HSPPC-96 vaccination, combined with the standard therapy, is a safe and effective strategy for treatment of newly diagnosed GBM patients. TSIR after vaccination would be a good indicator predicting the vaccine efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02122822. FUNDING National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2014BAI04B01, 2014BAI04B02), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7164253), Beijing Talents Fund (2014000021469G257), and Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee (JSGG20170413151359491).
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35
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Binder RJ. Immunosurveillance of cancer and the heat shock protein-CD91 pathway. Cell Immunol 2018; 343:103814. [PMID: 29784128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular functions of heat shock proteins (HSPs) as chaperones of macromolecules are well known. Current observations point to a role of these chaperones in initiating and modulating immune responses to tumors via receptor(s) on dendritic cells. In this article we provide an insight into, and a basis for, the importance of these HSP-mediated immune responses in rejecting nascent and emerging tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Binder
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
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36
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Shepard AM, Bharwani A, Durisko Z, Andrews PW. Reverse Engineering the Febrile System. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2018; 91:419-57. [PMID: 29562118 DOI: 10.1086/689482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Fever, the elevation of core body temperature by behavioral or physiological means, is one of the most salient aspects of human sickness, yet there is debate regarding its functional role. In this paper, we demonstrate that the febrile system is an evolved adaptation shaped by natural selection to coordinate the immune system to fight pathogens. First, we show that previous arguments in favor of fever being an adaptation are epistemologically inadequate, and we describe how an adaptationist strategy addresses this issue more effectively. Second, we argue that the mechanisms producing fever provide clear indications of adaptation. Third, we demonstrate that there are many beneficial immune system responses activated during fever and that these responses are not mere byproducts of heat on chemical reactions. Rather, we show that natural selection appears to have modified several immune system effects to be coordinated by fever. Fourth, we argue that there are some adaptations that coordinate the febrile system with other important fitness components, particularly growth and reproduction. Finally, we discuss evidence that the febrile system may also have evolved an antitumor function, providing suggestions for future research into this area. This research informs the debate on the functional value of fever and antipyretic use.
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37
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Dabaghian M, Latifi AM, Tebianian M, NajmiNejad H, Ebrahimi SM. Nasal vaccination with r4M2e.HSP70c antigen encapsulated into N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanoparticulate systems: Preparation and immunogenicity in a mouse model. Vaccine 2018; 36:2886-2895. [PMID: 29627234 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanoparticles as a carrier system for the nasal delivery of the r4M2e.HSP70c, as an M2e-based universal recombinant influenza virus vaccine candidate, was investigated in mice. The anti-M2e specific cellular and humoral immune responses were assessed and the protective efficacy against a 90% lethal dose (LD90) of influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) in a mice model was evaluated. Our results showed that the intranasal immunization of mice with r4M2e.HSP70c+TMC rather than the control groups, r4M2e+TMC, r4M2e and PBS (Phosphate buffer saline), significantly elevated both longevity and serum level of the total M2e-specific IgG antibody with a significant shift in the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio toward IgG2a, induced a Th1 skewed humoral and cellular immune responses, increased IFN-γ, IgG, and IgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and promoted the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with lower morbidity and mortality rate against viral challenge. In conclusion, based on evidence to our finding, nasal vaccination with r4M2e.HSP70c antigen encapsulated into N-Trimethyl Chitosan (TMC) nanoparticulate system showed to induce a long lasting M2e-specific humoral and cellular immune responses and also provided full protection against a 90% lethal dose (LD90) of the influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). It seems, protective immunity following intranasal administration of r4M2e could be resulted by the cooperation of both adjuvants, TMC and HSP70c.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/analysis
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology
- Cell Proliferation
- Chitosan/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Carriers/administration & dosage
- Female
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/administration & dosage
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/pharmacology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunoglobulin A/analysis
- Immunoglobulin G/analysis
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Interferon-gamma/analysis
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Serum/immunology
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Viral Matrix Proteins/administration & dosage
- Viral Matrix Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Dabaghian
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-3651, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Latifi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-3651, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Tebianian
- Biotechnology Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Hamid NajmiNejad
- Yazd University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mahmoud Ebrahimi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-3651, Tehran, Iran.
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38
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Espinosa PJ, Alberdi P, Villar M, Cabezas-Cruz A, de la Fuente J. Heat Shock Proteins in Vector-pathogen Interactions: The Anaplasma phagocytophilum Model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-73377-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Li B, Zeng Y, Reeves PM, Ran C, Liu Q, Qu X, Liang Y, Liu Z, Yuan J, Leblanc PR, Ye Z, Sluder AE, Gelfand JA, Brauns TA, Chen H, Poznansky MC. AMD3100 Augments the Efficacy of Mesothelin-Targeted, Immune-Activating VIC-008 in Mesothelioma by Modulating Intratumoral Immunosuppression. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:539-551. [PMID: 29511032 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AMD3100 (plerixafor), a CXCR4 antagonist, has been demonstrated to suppress tumor growth and modulate intratumoral T-cell trafficking. However, the effect of AMD3100 on immunomodulation remains elusive. Here, we explored immunomodulation and antitumor efficacy of AMD3100 in combination with a previously developed mesothelin-targeted, immune-activating fusion protein, VIC-008, in two syngeneic, orthotopic models of malignant mesothelioma in immunocompetent mice. We showed that combination therapy significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged animal survival in two mouse models. Tumor control and survival benefit were associated with enhanced antitumor immunity. VIC-008 augmented mesothelin-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in the spleen and lymph nodes and facilitated intratumoral lymphocytic infiltration. However, VIC-008 treatment was associated with increased programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) expression on intratumoral CD8+ T cells, likely due to high CXCL12 in the tumor microenvironment. AMD3100 alone and in combination with VIC-008 modulated immunosuppression in tumors and the immune system through suppression of PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells and conversion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) into CD4+CD25-Foxp3+IL2+CD40L+ helper-like cells. In mechanistic studies, we demonstrated that AMD3100-driven Treg reprogramming required T cell receptor (TCR) activation and was associated with loss of PTEN due to oxidative inactivation. The combination of VIC-008 augmentation of tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell responses with AMD3100 abrogation of immunosuppression conferred significant benefits for tumor control and animal survival. These data provide new mechanistic insight into AMD3100-mediated immunomodulation and highlight the enhanced antitumor effect of AMD3100 in combination with a tumor antigen-targeted therapy in mouse malignant mesothelioma, which could be clinically relevant to patients with this difficult-to-treat disease. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(5); 539-51. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Li
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick M Reeves
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Qiuyan Liu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Xiying Qu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Yingying Liang
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Zhao Liu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Jianping Yuan
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Pierre R Leblanc
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ann E Sluder
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey A Gelfand
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy A Brauns
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Huabiao Chen
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.
| | - Mark C Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
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40
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Wu R, Hu X, Wang J. Concise Review: Optimized Strategies for Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Myocardial Repair: Clinical Translatability and Potential Limitation. Stem Cells 2018; 36:482-500. [PMID: 29330880 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) remain major public health problems with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances, current therapeutic approaches are unable to rescue the extensive and irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes caused by severe ischemia. Over the past 16 years, stem cell-based therapy has been recognized as an innovative strategy for cardiac repair/regeneration and functional recovery after IHDs. Although substantial preclinical animal studies using a variety of stem/progenitor cells have shown promising results, there is a tremendous degree of skepticism in the clinical community as many stem cell trials do not confer any beneficial effects. How to accelerate stem cell-based therapy toward successful clinical application attracts considerate attention. However, many important issues need to be fully addressed. In this Review, we have described and compared the effects of different types of stem cells with their dose, delivery routes, and timing that have been routinely tested in recent preclinical and clinical findings. We have also discussed the potential mechanisms of action of stem cells, and explored the role and underlying regulatory components of stem cell-derived secretomes/exosomes in myocardial repair. Furthermore, we have critically reviewed the different strategies for optimizing both donor stem cells and the target cardiac microenvironments to enhance the engraftment and efficacy of stem cells, highlighting their clinical translatability and potential limitation. Stem Cells 2018;36:482-500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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41
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Kelly M, McNeel D, Fisch P, Malkovsky M. Immunological considerations underlying heat shock protein-mediated cancer vaccine strategies. Immunol Lett 2017; 193:1-10. [PMID: 29129721 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The success of active immunotherapies in the prevention of many infectious diseases over the course of over 200 years has lead scientists to wonder if the same principles could be applied to cancer. Antigen-specific active immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer have been researched for over two decades, however, the overwhelming majority of these studies have failed to stimulate robust clinical responses. It is clear that current active immunotherapy research should incorporate methods to increase the immunostimulatory capacity of these therapies. To directly address this need, we propose the addition of the immunostimulatory heat shock proteins (HSPs) to active immunotherapeutic strategies to augment their efficacy. Heat shock proteins are a family of highly conserved intracellular chaperone proteins, and are the most abundant family proteins inside cells. This ubiquity, and their robust immunostimulatory capacity, points to their importance in regulation of intracellular processes and, therefore, indicators of loss of cellular integrity if found extracellularly. Thus, we emphasize the importance of taking into consideration the location of vaccine-derived HSP/tumor-antigen complexes when designing active immunotheraputic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kelly
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Douglas McNeel
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul Fisch
- Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Institut für Pathologie, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miroslav Malkovsky
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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42
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DNA nanotechnology-based composite-type gold nanoparticle-immunostimulatory DNA hydrogel for tumor photothermal immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2017; 146:136-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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43
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Urbanova L, Hradilova N, Moserova I, Vosahlikova S, Sadilkova L, Hensler M, Spisek R, Adkins I. High hydrostatic pressure affects antigenic pool in tumor cells: Implication for dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Lett 2017; 187:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Peeken JC, Vaupel P, Combs SE. Integrating Hyperthermia into Modern Radiation Oncology: What Evidence Is Necessary? Front Oncol 2017; 7:132. [PMID: 28713771 PMCID: PMC5492395 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia (HT) is one of the hot topics that have been discussed over decades. However, it never made its way into primetime. The basic biological rationale of heat to enhance the effect of radiation, chemotherapeutic agents, and immunotherapy is evident. Preclinical work has confirmed this effect. HT may trigger changes in perfusion and oxygenation as well as inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms. Moreover, there is evidence for immune stimulation and the induction of systemic immune responses. Despite the increasing number of solid clinical studies, only few centers have included this adjuvant treatment into their repertoire. Over the years, abundant prospective and randomized clinical data have emerged demonstrating a clear benefit of combined HT and radiotherapy for multiple entities such as superficial breast cancer recurrences, cervix carcinoma, or cancers of the head and neck. Regarding less investigated indications, the existing data are promising and more clinical trials are currently recruiting patients. How do we proceed from here? Preclinical evidence is present. Multiple indications benefit from additional HT in the clinical setting. This article summarizes the present evidence and develops ideas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C Peeken
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Peter Vaupel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Innovative Radiotherapy (iRT), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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45
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Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapy has become the first widely adopted immunotherapy for patients with late stage malignant melanoma, with potential for a wide range of cancers. While some patients can experience long term disease remission, this is limited only to a subset of patients and tumor types. The path forward to expand this therapy to more patients and tumor types is currently thought to be combinatorial treatments, the combination of immunotherapy with other treatments. In this review, the combinatorial approach of immune checkpoint therapy combined with nanoparticle-assisted localized hyperthermia is discussed, starting with an overview of the different nanoparticle hyperthermia approaches in development, an overview of the state of immune checkpoint therapy, recent reports of immune checkpoint therapy and nanoparticle-assisted hyperthermia in a combinatorial approach, and finally a discussion of future research topics and areas to be explored in this new combinatorial approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Moy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - James W Tunnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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46
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47
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Adkins I, Sadilkova L, Hradilova N, Tomala J, Kovar M, Spisek R. Severe, but not mild heat-shock treatment induces immunogenic cell death in cancer cells. Oncoimmunology 2017. [PMID: 28638734 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1311433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of immunogenicity underlying mild heat-shock (mHS) treatment < 42°C of tumor cells are largely attributed to the action of heat-shock proteins; however, little is known about the immunogenicity of tumor cells undergoing severe cytotoxic heat-shock treatment (sHS > 43°C). Here, we found that sHS, but not mHS (42°C), induces immunogenic cell death in human cancer cell lines as defined by the induction of ER stress response and ROS generation, cell surface exposure of calreticulin, HSP70 and HSP90, decrease of cell surface CD47, release of ATP and HMGB1. Only sHS-treated tumor cells were efficiently killed and phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs), which was partially dependent on cell surface calreticulin. DCs loaded with mHS or sHS-treated tumor cells displayed similar level of maturation and stimulated IFNγ-producing CD8+ T cells without any additional adjuvants in vitro. However, only DCs loaded with sHS-treated tumor cells stimulated antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and induced higher CD8+ T-cell activation and proliferation. sHS-treated murine cells also exposed calreticulin, HSP70 and HSP90 and activated higher DC maturation than mHS treated cells. Vaccination with sHS-treated tumor cells elicited protective immunity in mice. In this study, we defined specific conditions for the sHS treatment of human lung and ovarian tumor cells to arrive at optimal ratio between effective cell death, immunogenicity and content of tumor antigens for immunotherapeutic vaccine generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Adkins
- Sotio a.s, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Nada Hradilova
- Sotio a.s, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Tomala
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR v.v.i, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kovar
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR v.v.i, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.s, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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48
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Seignez A, Joly AL, Chaumonnot K, Hazoumé A, Sanka M, Marcion G, Boudesco C, Hammann A, Seigneuric R, Jégo G, Ducoroy P, Delarue P, Senet P, Castilla-Llorente C, Solary E, Durey MA, Rubio MT, Hermine O, Kohli E, Garrido C. Serum Gp96 is a chaperone of complement-C3 during graft-versus-host disease. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90531. [PMID: 28352659 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Better identification of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) may improve the outcome of this life-threatening complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. GvHD induces tissue damage and the release of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules. Here, we analyzed GvHD patients (n = 39) to show that serum heat shock protein glycoprotein 96 (Gp96) could be such a DAMP molecule. We demonstrate that serum Gp96 increases in gastrointestinal GvHD patients and its level correlates with disease severity. An increase in Gp96 serum level was also observed in a mouse model of acute GvHD. This model was used to identify complement C3 as a main partner of Gp96 in the serum. Our biolayer interferometry, yeast two-hybrid and in silico modeling data allowed us to determine that Gp96 binds to a complement C3 fragment encompassing amino acids 749-954, a functional complement C3 hot spot important for binding of different regulators. Accordingly, in vitro experiments with purified proteins demonstrate that Gp96 downregulates several complement C3 functions. Finally, experimental induction of GvHD in complement C3-deficient mice confirms the link between Gp96 and complement C3 in the serum and with the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Seignez
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France.,CHU, Dijon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Joly
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Killian Chaumonnot
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Adonis Hazoumé
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Michel Sanka
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Marcion
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Boudesco
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Arlette Hammann
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Renaud Seigneuric
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Gaetan Jégo
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Ducoroy
- Proteomic platform CLIPP, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Patrice Delarue
- UMR 6303 CNRS Institut Carnot, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Senet
- UMR 6303 CNRS Institut Carnot, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Eric Solary
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud 11, Villejuif, France.,INSERM UMR1009, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Durey
- Immunology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Rubio
- Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 938, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Institut Imagine, UMR 8147, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité; Hôpital Necker, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence des Globules Rouges (GR-ex), Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Kohli
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France.,CHU, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM UMR 866, Equipe labellisée, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, and Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR 866, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
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49
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Abstract
Dying cells have an important role in the initiation of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity. The cross-presentation of antigens derived from dying cells enables dendritic cells to present exogenous tissue-restricted or tumour-restricted proteins on MHC class I molecules. Importantly, this pathway has been implicated in multiple autoimmune diseases and accounts for the priming of tumour antigen-specific T cells. Recent data have revealed that in addition to antigen, dying cells provide inflammatory and immunogenic signals that determine the efficiency of CD8+ T cell cross-priming. The complexity of these signals has been evidenced by the multiple molecular pathways that result in cell death and that have now been shown to differentially influence antigen transfer and immunity. In this Review, we provide a detailed summary of both the passive and active signals that are generated by dying cells during their initiation of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity. We propose that molecules generated alongside cell death pathways - inducible damage-associated molecular patterns (iDAMPs) - are upstream immunological cues that actively regulate adaptive immunity.
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50
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Ansa-Addo EA, Thaxton J, Hong F, Wu BX, Zhang Y, Fugle CW, Metelli A, Riesenberg B, Williams K, Gewirth DT, Chiosis G, Liu B, Li Z. Clients and Oncogenic Roles of Molecular Chaperone gp96/grp94. Curr Top Med Chem 2017; 16:2765-78. [PMID: 27072698 DOI: 10.2174/1568026616666160413141613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As an endoplasmic reticulum heat shock protein (HSP) 90 paralogue, glycoprotein (gp) 96 possesses immunological properties by chaperoning antigenic peptides for activation of T cells. Genetic studies in the last decade have unveiled that gp96 is also an essential master chaperone for multiple receptors and secreting proteins including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), integrins, the Wnt coreceptor, Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6 (LRP6), the latent TGFβ docking receptor, Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP), Glycoprotein (GP) Ib and insulin-like growth factors (IGF). Clinically, elevated expression of gp96 in a variety of cancers correlates with the advanced stage and poor survival of cancer patients. Recent preclinical studies have also uncovered that gp96 expression is closely linked to cancer progression in multiple myeloma, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer and inflammation-associated colon cancer. Thus, gp96 is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment. The chaperone function of gp96 depends on its ATPase domain, which is structurally distinct from other HSP90 members, and thus favors the design of highly selective gp96-targeted inhibitors against cancer. We herein discuss the strategically important oncogenic clients of gp96 and their underlying biology. The roles of cell-intrinsic gp96 in T cell biology are also discussed, in part because it offers another opportunity of cancer therapy by manipulating levels of gp96 in T cells to enhance host immune defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29466, USA.
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