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Cui Z, Li W, Feng B, Li Y, Guo X, Yuan H, Weng Q, You T, Zhang W, Li X, Fang J. Substrate Induced p-n Transition for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2410273. [PMID: 39148185 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202410273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The p- or n-type property of semiconductor materials directly determine the final performance of photoelectronic devices. Generally, perovskite deposited on p-type substrate tends to be p-type, while perovskite deposited on n-type substrate tends to be n-type. Motived by this, a substrate-induced re-growth strategy is reported to induce p- to n-transition of perovskite surface in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). p-type perovskite film is obtained and crystallized on p-type substrate first. Then an n-type ITO/SnO2 substrate with saturated perovskite solution is pressed onto the perovskite film and annealed to induce the secondary re-growth of perovskite surface region. As a result, p- to n-type transition happens and induces an extra junction at perovskite surface region, thus enhancing the built-in potential and promoting carrier extraction in PSCs. Resulting inverted PSCs exhibit high efficiency of over 25% with good operational stability, retaining 90% of initial efficiency after maximum power point (MPP) tracking for 800 h at 65 °C with ISOS-L-2 protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Cui
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xuemin Guo
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haobo Yuan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiang Weng
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tengyi You
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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2
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Pei F, Chen Y, Wang Q, Li L, Ma Y, Liu H, Duan Y, Song T, Xie H, Liu G, Yang N, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Kang J, Niu X, Li K, Wang F, Xiao M, Yuan G, Wu Y, Zhu C, Wang X, Zhou H, Wu Y, Chen Q. A binary 2D perovskite passivation for efficient and stable perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7024. [PMID: 39147746 PMCID: PMC11327242 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
To achieve high power conversion efficiency in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, it is necessary to develop a promising wide-bandgap perovskite absorber and processing techniques in relevance. To date, the performance of devices based on wide-bandgap perovskite is still limited mainly by carrier recombination at their electron extraction interface. Here, we demonstrate assembling a binary two-dimensional perovskite by both alternating-cation-interlayer phase and Ruddlesden-Popper phase to passivate perovskite/C60 interface. The binary two-dimensional strategy takes effects not only at the interface but also in the bulk, which enables efficient charge transport in a wide-bandgap perovskite solar cell with a stabilized efficiency of 20.79% (1 cm2). Based on this absorber, a monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell is fabricated with a steady-state efficiency of 30.65% assessed by a third party. Moreover, the tandem devices retain 96% of their initial efficiency after 527 h of operation under full spectral continuous illumination, and 98% after 1000 h of damp-heat testing (85 °C with 85% relative humidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Pei
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Auner Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ma
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huifen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ye Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Auner Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tinglu Song
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Guilin Liu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Ning Yang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Auner Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqian Kang
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Niu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Xiao
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yuan
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuetong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xueyun Wang
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yiliang Wu
- Auner Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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3
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Loizos M, Rogdakis K, Kymakis E. Sustainable Mixed-Halide Perovskite Resistive Switching Memories Using Self-Assembled Monolayers as the Bottom Contact. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7635-7644. [PMID: 39037751 PMCID: PMC11299189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The complex ionic-electronic conduction in mixed halide perovskites enables their use beyond von Neumann architectures implemented in resistive switching memory devices. Although device fabrication based on perovskite compounds involves solution-processing at low temperatures, reducing further fabrication costs by eliminating expensive materials can improve their compatibility with upscalable deposition techniques. Notably, the substrate on which the perovskite active layer is developed has been reported to severely affect its quality and thus the overall device performance. Hereby, we demonstrate the sustainable manufacturing of memristive perovskite solar cells by replacing the expensive poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) that serves as a hole transporting layer (HTL) with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), namely [2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (MeO-2PACz). Multiple sequential memristive current-voltage characteristics of single devices are reported, and average data of multiple reference and targeted devices are compared. Resistive switching memory devices based on SAM exhibit improved performance having reduced average SET voltage values and narrower statistical variation compared to reference devices with PTAA. It is shown that both PTAA and SAM based devices exhibit high ON/OFF ratio of about 103 operating at low switching electric fields. Replacing an expensive polymer-based HTL with this approach reduces fabrication costs compared to PTAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Loizos
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), Heraklion 71410, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Rogdakis
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), Heraklion 71410, Crete, Greece
- Institute
of Emerging Technologies, University Research
and Innovation Center, HMU, Heraklion 71410, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Kymakis
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), Heraklion 71410, Crete, Greece
- Institute
of Emerging Technologies, University Research
and Innovation Center, HMU, Heraklion 71410, Crete, Greece
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4
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Yan N, Cao Y, Jin Z, Liu Y, Liu SF, Fang Z, Feng J. Surface Reconstruction for Efficient NiO x-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403682. [PMID: 38701489 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Functional agents are verified to efficiently enhance device performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through surface engineering. However, the influence of intrinsic characteristics of molecules on final device performance is overlooked. Here, a surface reconstruction strategy is developed to enhance the efficiency of inverted PSCs by mitigating the adverse effects of lead chelation (LC) molecules. Bathocuproine (BCP) is chosen as the representative of LC molecules for its easy accessibility and outstanding optoelectronic properties. During this strategy, BCP molecules on perovskite surface are first dissolved in solvents and then captured specially by undercoordinated Pb2+ ions, preventing adverse n-type doping by the molecules themselves. In this case, the BCP molecule exhibits outstanding passivation effect on perovskite surface, which leads to an obviously increased open-circuit voltage (VOC). Therefore, a record power conversion efficiency of 25.64% for NiOx-based inverted PSCs is achieved, maintaining over 80% of initial efficiency after exposure to ambient condition for ≈1500 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhiwen Jin
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhimin Fang
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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5
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Zhao B, Zhang T, Song C, Zhu S, Wang T, Sun X, Liu H, Chen Y, Li X. Glutathione-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Enabling Bifunctional Therapy at the Buried Interface for Efficient and UV-Resistant Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39058923 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Very recently, the poor contact between the perovskite and carrier selective layer has been regarded as a critical issue for improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, the buried interface of regularly structured PSCs has been targeted. Glutathione-coated gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs) are used as double-sided passivating agents to improve the quality of the perovskite films. It has been demonstrated that the GSH-AuNPs interact strongly with the SnO2 underlayer and the upper perovskite layer, significantly reducing the defect densities of this interface. Thus, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs can be increased from 20.46% (control, 19.38%, IPCE corrected) to 22.22% (GSH-AuNPs modified, 21.10%, IPCE corrected) with notable enhancement in Voc and FF. Moreover, the strong interaction between the C═O groups of GSH-AuNPs and the undercoordinated Pb2+ species of the perovskite films inhibits the formation of metallic Pb0. As a result, the unencapsulated GSH-AuNPs-modified devices retained 80% of their initial PCEs after 1000 h at ambient conditions, with a relative humidity (RH) of 60 ± 5%. UV-resistant PSCs have also been demonstrated after introducing GSH-AuNPs. Therefore, our findings demonstrate the bidirectional therapy strategy as a feasible approach for achieving efficient and UV-resistant PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Chenhao Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Shihui Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Tailin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - YanLi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xiyou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
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6
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Wang H, Wang J, He Q, Chang J, Chen S, Zhong C, Wu M, Zhao X, Chen H, Tian Q, Li M, Lai J, Yang Y, Li R, Wu B, Huang W, Qin T, Wang F. Interface Dipole Management of D-A-Type Molecules for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404289. [PMID: 38712497 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering of perovskite films has been the main strategies in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, three new donor-acceptor (D-A)-type interfacial dipole (DAID) molecules with hole-transporting and different anchoring units are designed and employed in PSCs. The formation of interface dipoles by the DAID molecules on the perovskite film can efficiently modulate the energy level alignment, improve charge extraction, and reduce non-radiative recombination. Among the three DAID molecules, TPA-BAM with amide group exhibits the best chemical and optoelectrical properties, achieving a champion PCE of 25.29 % with the enhanced open-circuit voltage of 1.174 V and fill factor of 84.34 %, due to the reduced defect density and improved interfacial hole extraction. Meanwhile, the operational stability of the unencapsulated device has been significantly improved. Our study provides a prospect for rationalized screening of interfacial dipole materials for efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qingyun He
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jingxi Chang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Chongyu Zhong
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Mengyang Wu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Xiangru Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qiushuang Tian
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Mubai Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jingya Lai
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433>, China
| | - Renzhi Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) & State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Tianshi Qin
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) & State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
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7
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Ebic M, Sadegh F, Ans M, Prochowicz D, Yadav P, Satapathi S, Akin S. Pseudohalide-Based Ionic Liquids: Advancing Crystallization Kinetics and Optoelectronic Properties in All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404190. [PMID: 38982946 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the innovative approach of enhancing the efficiency and stability of all-inorganic perovskite solar cells (I-PSCs) through the strategic incorporation of thiocyanate (SCN-) ions via pseudohalide-based ionic liquid (IL) configurations. This straightforward methodology has exhibited captivating advancements in the kinetics of crystallization as well as the optoelectronic characteristics of the resulting perovskite films. These developments hold the promise of enhancing not only the quality and uniformity of the films but also aspects such as band alignment and the efficacy of charge transfer mechanisms. Calculation results corroborate that the incorporation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (BmimSCN) led to a significant redistribution of electron state density and enhanced electron-donating properties, indicating a substantial electron transfer between the perovskite material and the IL. Notably, the engineered devices demonstrate a remarkable efficiency surpassing 15%, a substantial enhancement attributed to the synergistic effects of the SCN- ion. Additionally, this approach offers inherent stability benefits, thereby addressing a significant challenge in I-PSC technology. This IL maintains >90% of the initial efficiency after 600 h, while the control device decreased to <20% of its initial value after only 100 h. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BmimI) is also employed to further investigate the effects of SCN- ions on device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ebic
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, 01-224, Poland
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Solar Energy, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
- Department of Physics, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Soumitra Satapathi
- Department of Physics and Center for Sustainable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Seckin Akin
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
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8
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Xu Z, Lou Q, Chen J, Xu X, Luo S, Nie Z, Zhang S, Zhou H. Synergetic Optimization of Upper and Lower Surfaces of the SnO 2 Electron Transport Layer for High-Performance n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34377-34385. [PMID: 38904479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) has been recognized as one of the most effective protocols for achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To date, most research has primarily focused on the modification of the upper surface of SnO2 ETL films. The lower surface of the SnO2 film, which directly influences the film formation of solution-processed SnO2, is equally important but receives relatively less attention. Herein, we present a synergetic optimization approach involving the deposition of aluminum oxide (AlOx) via atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a buffer layer and the incorporation of rubidium acetate (RbAc) as an upper surface passivation additive. This process leads to a conformal coating of SnO2 nanoparticles, improved electrical performance, and higher-quality perovskite crystals. As a result, with this composite ETL film, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 22.41 from 20.77%. Further modification with p-butyl iodide (BAI) on the perovskite upper surface increased the champion PCE to 23.32%, with a voltage loss of 0.41 V, ranking among the lowest values for the triple-cation mixed-halide perovskite absorber (1.58 eV). Importantly, the perovskite solar cells remained 87.30% of its initial performance after 14 days of aging and exhibited photostability under long-term UV (254 nm) illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Xu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qiang Lou
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- School of Software and Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shiqiang Luo
- Zinergy Shenzhen Ltd., Gangzhilong Science Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zanxiang Nie
- Zinergy Shenzhen Ltd., Gangzhilong Science Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shengdong Zhang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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9
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Yang W, Jo SH, Lee TW. Perovskite Colloidal Nanocrystal Solar Cells: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401788. [PMID: 38708900 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of polycrystalline perovskite (PVK) solar cells (SCs) (PC-PeSCs) have rapidly increased. However, PC-PeSCs are intrinsically unstable without encapsulation, and their efficiency drops during large-scale production; these problems hinder the commercial viability of PeSCs. Stability can be increased by using colloidal PVK nanocrystals (c-PeNCs), which have high surface strains, low defect density, and exceptional crystal quality. The use of c-PeNCs separates the crystallization process from the film formation process, which is preponderant in large-scale fabrication. Consequently, the use of c-PeNCs has substantial potential to overcome challenges encountered when fabricating PC-PeSCs. Research on colloidal nanocrystal-based PVK SCs (NC-PeSCs) has increased their PCEs to a level greater than those of other quantum-dot SCs, but has not reached the PCEs of PC-PeSCs; this inferiority significantly impedes widespread application of NC-PeSCs. This review first introduces the distinctive properties of c-PeNCs, then the strategies that have been used to achieve high-efficiency NC-PeSCs. Then it discusses in detail the persisting challenges in this domain. Specifically, the major challenges and solutions for NC-PeSCs related to low short-circuit current density Jsc are covered. Last, the article presents a perspective on future research directions and potential applications in the realm of NC-PeSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Yang
- Institute of Atomic Manufacturing, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary program in Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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10
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Vanaraj R, Murugesan V, Rathinam B. The Role of Optimal Electron Transfer Layers for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells-A Systematic Review. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:859. [PMID: 39064371 PMCID: PMC11279333 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which are constructed using organic-inorganic combination resources, represent an upcoming technology that offers a competitor to silicon-based solar cells. Electron transport materials (ETMs), which are essential to PSCs, are attracting a lot of interest. In this section, we begin by discussing the development of the PSC framework, which would form the foundation for the requirements of the ETM. Because of their exceptional electronic characteristics and low manufacturing costs, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising proposal for future generations of thin-film solar energy. However, PSCs with a compact layer (CL) exhibit subpar long-term reliability and efficacy. The quality of the substrate beneath a layer of perovskite has a major impact on how quickly it grows. Therefore, there has been interest in substrate modification using electron transfer layers to create very stable and efficient PSCs. This paper examines the systemic alteration of electron transport layers (ETLs) based on electron transfer layers that are employed in PSCs. Also covered are the functions of ETLs in the creation of reliable and efficient PSCs. Achieving larger-sized particles, greater crystallization, and a more homogenous morphology within perovskite films, all of which are correlated with a more stable PSC performance, will be guided by this review when they are developed further. To increase PSCs' sustainability and enable them to produce clean energy at levels previously unheard of, the difficulties and potential paths for future research with compact ETLs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Vanaraj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Vajjiravel Murugesan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, B S Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600048, India;
| | - Balamurugan Rathinam
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Section 3, Douliu, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
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11
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He Z, Zhang Z, Ding J, Gao W, Li M, Chen C. Managing Pb-Related Imperfections via Rationally Designed Aniline Derivative with Bilateral Cyano and Acetyl Groups as Lewis Base for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 24. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404334. [PMID: 38864215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Pb-related imperfections (surface or halide vacancy induced uncoordinated Pb2+, Pb-I antisite, and Pb2+ vacancy defects) of the ionic crystal perovskite film seriously restrict the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, an aniline derivative N-(4-cyanophenyl)acetamide (CAL) is rationally designed, incorporating bilateral functional sites of cyano and acetyl groups, acting as Lewis base molecule for managing the Pb-related imperfections in perovskite surface through post-treatment. Theoretical calculation and experimental verification together proved the reduced defect density, improved crystallinity, and inhibited ion migration in the CAL-modified perovskite. Precisely, cyano as a side group and acetyl as another side group can both coordinate with Pb2+ for its low electrostatic potential energy. Further, the aniline core and the π-π conjugate structure in the benzene ring of the ligand tend to form a dimer to improve the mobility for carrier transportation and collection. The strategy demonstrates a champion PCE of 24.35% for the air-processed PSCs with over 1200 hours of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) stability. This study presents a comprehensive approach to overcoming the current Pb-related imperfections induced limitations in PSCs, paving the way for their integration into mainstream solar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie He
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Zuolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Jike Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Wenhuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Mengjia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Cong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
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12
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Gao G, Zhang Q, Deng K, Li L. Residual Stress Mitigation in Perovskite Solar Cells via Butterfly-Inspired Hierarchical PbI 2 Scaffold. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15003-15012. [PMID: 38816680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Residual stress in metal halide perovskite films intimately affects the photovoltaic figure of merit and longevity of perovskite solar cells. A delicate management of the crystallization kinetics is critical to the preparation of high-quality perovskite films. Only very limited methods, however, are available to regulate the residual stress of a perovskite film in a controllable manner, particularly for a perovskite film fabricated by a two-step method. Here, we demonstrate the construction of a hierarchical PbI2 scaffold inspired by Archaeoprepona demophon butterfly by combining an interlayer guided growth of porous structure and nanoimprinting. The hierarchically structured PbI2 that emulates the physical structure of the butterfly wing scale permits unimpeded permeation of organic amine salts and sufficient space for volume expansion during the crystallization process, accompanied by preferential perovskite growth of a defectless (001) crystal plane. The optimized perovskite film outperforms the control with reduced residual stress and defect density. Consequently, perovskite solar cells with a respectable power conversion efficiency reaching 23.4% (certified 23%) and an impressive open-circuit voltage of 1.184 V can be achieved. The target device can maintain 80% of initial efficiency after maximum power point tracking under illumination for 700 h. This work expands the range of engineering toward PbI2 by exploring a simultaneously tailored morphology and crystallinity and highlights the significance of a hierarchical PbI2 scaffold as an alternative choice to mitigate residual stress in a two-step processed perovskite active layer and boost the longevity of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinchao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaimo Deng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
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13
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Lu X, Sun K, Wang Y, Liu C, Meng Y, Lang X, Xiao C, Tian R, Song Z, Zhu Z, Yang M, Bai Y, Ge Z. Dynamic Reversible Oxidation-Reduction of Iodide Ions for Operationally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells under ISOS-L-3 Protocol. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400852. [PMID: 38579292 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite rapid advancements in the photovoltaic efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their operational stability remains a significant challenge for commercialization. This instability mainly arises from light-induced halide ion migration and subsequent oxidation into iodine (I2). The situation is exacerbated when considering the heat effects at elevated temperatures, leading to the volatilization of I2 and resulting in irreversible device degradation. Mercaptoethylammonium iodide (ESAI) is thus incorporated into perovskite as an additive to inhibit the oxidation of iodide anion (I-) and the light-induced degradation pathway of FAPbI3→FAI+PbI2. Additionally, the formation of a thiol-disulfide/I--I2 redox pair within the perovskite film provides a dynamic mechanism for the continuous reduction of I2 under light and thermal stresses, facilitating the healing of iodine-induced degradations. This approach significantly enhances the operational stability of PSCs. Under the ISOS-L-3 testing protocol (maximum power point (MPP) tracking in an environment with relative humidity of ≈50% at ≈65 °C), the treated PSCs maintain 97% of their original power conversion efficieney (PCE) after 300 h of aging. In contrast, control devices exhibit almost complete degradation, primarily due to rapid thermal-induced I2 volatilization. These results demonstrate a promising strategy to overcome critical stability challenges in PSCs, particularly in scenarios involving thermal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Kexuan Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiting Lang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ruijia Tian
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zhenhua Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zewei Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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14
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Zhang Z, Li M, Li R, Zhuang X, Wang C, Shang X, He D, Chen J, Chen C. Suppressing Ion Migration by Synergistic Engineering of Anion and Cation toward High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313860. [PMID: 38529666 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Ion migration-induced intrinsic instability and large-area fabrication pose a tough challenge for the commercial deployment of perovskite photovoltaics. Herein, an interface heterojunction and metal electrode stabilization strategy is developed by suppressing ion migration via managing lead-based imperfections. After screening a series of cations and nonhalide anions, the ideal organic salt molecule dimethylammonium trifluoroacetate (DMATFA) consisting of dimethylammonium (DMA+) cation and trifluoroacetate (TFA-) anion is selected to manipulate the surface of perovskite films. DMA+ enables the conversion of active excess and/or unreacted PbI2 into stable new phase DMAPbI3, inhibiting photodecomposition of PbI2 and ion migration. Meanwhile, TFA- can suppress iodide ion migration through passivating undercoordinated Pb2+ and/or iodide vacancies. DMA+ and TFA- synergistically stabilize the heterojunction interface and silver electrode. The DMATFA-treated inverted perovskite solar cells and modules achieve a maximum efficiency of 25.03% (certified 24.65%, 0.1 cm2) and 20.58% (63.74 cm2), respectively, which is the record efficiency ever reported for the devices based on vacuum flash evaporation technology. The DMATFA modification results in outstanding operational stability, as evidenced by maintaining 91% of its original efficiency after 1520 h of maximum power point continuous tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Mengjia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Ru Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xinmeng Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Xueni Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Dongmei He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jiangzhao Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Cong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
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15
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Li B, Gao D, Sheppard SA, Tremlett WDJ, Liu Q, Li Z, White AJP, Brown RK, Sun X, Gong J, Li S, Zhang S, Wu X, Zhao D, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zeng XC, Zhu Z, Long NJ. Highly Efficient and Scalable p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Poly-metallocene Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13391-13398. [PMID: 38691098 PMCID: PMC11100013 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are easy to process but need improved interface characteristics with reduced energy loss to prevent efficiency drops when increasing the active photovoltaic area. Here, we report a series of poly ferrocenyl molecules that can modulate the perovskite surface enabling the construction of small- and large-area PSCs. We found that the perovskite-ferrocenyl interaction forms a hybrid complex with enhanced surface coordination strength and activated electronic states, leading to lower interfacial nonradiative recombination and charge transport resistance losses. The resulting PSCs achieve an enhanced efficiency of up to 26.08% for small-area devices and 24.51% for large-area devices (1.0208 cm2). Moreover, the large-area PSCs maintain >92% of the initial efficiency after 2000 h of continuous operation at the maximum power point under 1-sun illumination and 65 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Danpeng Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Stephanie A. Sheppard
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH Building, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - William D. J. Tremlett
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH Building, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Qi Liu
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Li
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH Building, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Ryan K. Brown
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH Building, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Xianglang Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jianqiu Gong
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shuai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shoufeng Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Nicholas J. Long
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH Building, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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16
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Zhao Z, Sun M, Ji Y, Mao K, Huang Z, Yuan C, Yang Y, Ding H, Yang Y, Li Y, Chen W, Zhu J, Wei J, Xu J, Paritmongkol W, Abate A, Xiao Z, He L, Hu Q. Efficient Homojunction Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Gradient Germanium Doping. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5513-5520. [PMID: 38634689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
P-type self-doping is known to hamper tin-based perovskites for developing high-performance solar cells by increasing the background current density and carrier recombination processes. In this work, we propose a gradient homojunction structure with germanium doping that generates an internal electric field across the perovskite film to deplete the charge carriers. This structure reduces the dark current density of perovskite by over 2 orders of magnitude and trap density by an order of magnitude. The resultant tin-based perovskite solar cells exhibit a higher power conversion efficiency of 13.3% and excellent stability, maintaining 95% and 85% of their initial efficiencies after 250 min of continuous illumination and 3800 h of storage, respectively. We reveal the homojunction formation mechanism using density functional theory calculations and molecular level characterizations. Our work provides a reliable strategy for controlling the spatial energy levels in tin perovskite films and offers insights into designing intriguing lead-free perovskite optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mulin Sun
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuyang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Kaitian Mao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zongming Huang
- Department of Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chengjian Yuan
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuqian Yang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Honghe Ding
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yu Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Department of Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction-Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jixian Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Antonio Abate
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Kekuléstraße 5, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Physics, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lixin He
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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17
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Wang S, Qi S, Sun H, Wang P, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Nanoscale Local Contacts Enable Inverted Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with 20.8 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400018. [PMID: 38396209 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have gained significant attention due to their excellent thermal stability and suitable band gap (~1.7 eV) for tandem solar cell applications. However, the defect-induced non-radiative recombination losses, low charge extraction efficiency, energy level mismatches, and so on render the fabrication of high-efficiency inverted IPSCs remains challenging. Here, the use of 3-amino-5-bromopyridine-2-formamide (ABF) in methanol was dynamically spin-coated on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film, which facilitates the limited etching of defect-rich subsurface layer, resulting in the formation of vertical PbI2 nanosheet structures. This enabled localized contacts between the perovskite film and the electron transport layer, suppress the recombination of electron-hole and beneficial to electron extraction. Additionally, the C=O and C=N groups in ABF effectively passivated the undercoordinated Pb2+ at grain boundaries and on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film. Eventually, we achieved a champion efficiency of 20.80 % (certified efficiency of 20.02 %) for inverted IPSCs with enhanced stability, which is the highest value ever reported to date. Furthermore, we successfully prepared p-i-n type monolithic inorganic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (IPSTSCs) with an efficiency of 26.26 %. This strategy provided both fast extraction and efficient passivation at the electron-selective interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanlong Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Shanshan Qi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Hongrui Sun
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Pengyang Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
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18
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Wang Z, Gao H, Wu D, Meng J, Deng J, Cui M. Defects and Defect Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:2104. [PMID: 38731595 PMCID: PMC11085331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have made significant strides in recent years. However, there are still challenges in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency and long-term stability associated with perovskite solar cells. The presence of defects in perovskite materials is one of the important influencing factors leading to subpar film quality. Adopting additives to passivate defects within perovskite materials is an effective approach. Therefore, we first discuss the types of defects that occur in perovskite materials and the mechanisms of their effect on performance. Then, several types of additives used in perovskite solar cells are discussed, including ionic compounds, organic molecules, polymers, etc. This review provides guidance for the future development of more sustainable and effective additives to improve the performance of solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongli Gao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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19
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He W, Duan X, Tang Q, Dou J, Duan J. Strain engineering improves the photovoltaic performance of carbon-based hole-transport-material free CsPbIBr 2 perovskite solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4954-4957. [PMID: 38629259 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01012d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Alkylamines with different chain lengths including n-butylamine, n-hexylamine, and n-octylamine, are applied to regulate the CsPbIBr2 perovskite film quality by strain engineering. The status of residual strains is controllably modulated, resulting in improved efficiency and stability of carbon-based hole-transport-material free CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Duan
- Institute of Carton Neutrality, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China.
| | - Qunwei Tang
- Institute of Carton Neutrality, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Dou
- Institute of Carton Neutrality, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China.
| | - Jialong Duan
- Institute of Carton Neutrality, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China.
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Zou Y, Song Q, Zhou J, Yin S, Li Y, Apfelbeck FAC, Zheng T, Fung MK, Mu C, Müller-Buschbaum P. Ammonium Sulfate to Modulate Crystallization for High-Performance Rigid and Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401456. [PMID: 38693078 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting widespread research and attention as highly promising candidates in the field of electronic photovoltaics owing to their exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, rigid or flexible PSCs still face challenges in preparing full-coverage and low-defect perovskite films, as well as achieving highly reproducible and highly stable devices. Herein, a multifunctional additive 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate (AES) is designed to regulate the film crystallization and thereby form flat and pinhole-free perovskite films. It is found that the introduction of AES can effectively passivate defects, restrain charge carrier recombination, and then achieve a higher fill factor. As seen with grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), this approach does not affect the crystal orientation distribution. It is observed that AES addition shows a universality across different perovskite components since the PCE is improved up to 20.7% for FA0.97MA0.03Pb(I0.97Br0.03)3-AES, 22.85% for Cs0.05FA0.95PbI3-AES, 22.23% for FAPbI2.7Br0.3-AES, and 23.32% for FAPI-AES rigid devices. Remarkably, the non-encapsulated flexible Cs0.05 (FA0.85MA0.15)0.95Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 device with AES additive delivers a PCE of 20.1% and maintains over 97% of its initial efficiency under ambient conditions (25 ± 5% relative humidity) over 2280 h of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zou
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Qili Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Jungui Zhou
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Yanan Li
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fabian A C Apfelbeck
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Tianle Zheng
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Man-Keung Fung
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Physics, Chair for Functional Materials, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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21
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Wan YX, Du HQ, Jiang Y, Zhi R, Xie ZW, Zhou YC, Rothman MU, Tao ZW, Yin ZW, Liang GJ, Li WN, Cheng YB, Li W. Elimination of Intragrain Defect to Enhance the Performance of FAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cells by Ionic Liquid. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400985. [PMID: 38693073 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids have been widely used to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and are generally believed to passivate defects on the grain boundaries of perovskites. However, few studies have focused on the relevant effects of ionic liquids on intragrain defects in perovskites which have been shown to be critical for the performance of PSCs. In this work, the effect of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (HMII) on intragrain defects of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite is investigated. Abundant {111}c intragrain planar defects in pure FAPbI3 grains are found to be significantly reduced by the addition of the ionic liquid HMII, shown by using ultra-low-dose selected area electron diffraction. As a result, longer charge carrier lifetimes, higher photoluminescence quantum yield, better charge carrier transport properties, lower Urbach energy, and current-voltage hysteresis are achieved, and the champion power conversion efficiency of 24.09% is demonstrated. These observations suggest that ionic liquids significantly improve device performance resulting from the elimination of {111}c intragrain planar defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xian Wan
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Qiang Du
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhi
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Wen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Chen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Mathias Uller Rothman
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Tao
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Jie Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, P. R. China
| | - Wang-Nan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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22
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Jiang X, Zhou Q, Lu Y, Liang H, Li W, Wei Q, Pan M, Wen X, Wang X, Zhou W, Yu D, Wang H, Yin N, Chen H, Li H, Pan T, Ma M, Liu G, Zhou W, Su Z, Chen Q, Fan F, Zheng F, Gao X, Ji Q, Ning Z. Surface heterojunction based on n-type low-dimensional perovskite film for highly efficient perovskite tandem solar cells. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae055. [PMID: 38577668 PMCID: PMC10989298 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the quality of junctions is crucial for optimizing carrier extraction and suppressing recombination in semiconductor devices. In recent years, metal halide perovskite has emerged as the most promising next-generation material for optoelectronic devices. However, the construction of high-quality perovskite junctions, as well as characterization and understanding of their carrier polarity and density, remains a challenge. In this study, using combined electrical and spectroscopic characterization techniques, we investigate the doping characteristics of perovskite films by remote molecules, which is corroborated by our theoretical simulations indicating Schottky defects consisting of double ions as effective charge dopants. Through a post-treatment process involving a combination of biammonium and monoammonium molecules, we create a surface layer of n-type low-dimensional perovskite. This surface layer forms a heterojunction with the underlying 3D perovskite film, resulting in a favorable doping profile that enhances carrier extraction. The fabricated device exhibits an outstanding open-circuit voltage (VOC) up to 1.34 V and achieves a certified efficiency of 19.31% for single-junction wide-bandgap (1.77 eV) perovskite solar cells, together with significantly enhanced operational stability, thanks to the improved separation of carriers. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of this wide-bandgap device by achieving a certified efficiency of 27.04% and a VOC of 2.12 V in a perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cell configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyuan Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qilin Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenzhuo Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qi Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mengling Pan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Danni Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ni Yin
- i-Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hansheng Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ting Pan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mingyu Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gaoqi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenjia Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Qi Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fengjia Fan
- Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fan Zheng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Qingqing Ji
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhijun Ning
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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23
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Su J, Zheng G, Chen B, Dong P, Ma B, Yao D, Tian N, Peng Y, Wang J, Long F. Evaporated Nickel Oxide Films with Slow Annealing and Interface Modification for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38662416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Electron-beam-evaporated nickel oxide (NiOx) films are known for their high quality, precise control, and suitability for complex structures in perovskite (PVK) solar cells (PSCs). However, untreated NiOx films have inherent challenges, such as surface defects, relatively low intrinsic conductivity, and shallow valence band maximum, which seriously restrict the efficiency and stability of the devices. To address these challenges, we employ a dual coordination optimization strategy. The strategy includes low heating rate annealing of NiOx films and using an aminoguanidine nitrate spin coating process on the surfaces of NiOx films to strategically modify NiOx films itself and the interface of NiOx/PVK. Under the synergistic effect of this dual optimization method, the quality of the films is significantly improved and its p-type characteristics are enhanced. At the same time, the interface defects and energy level alignment of the films are effectively improved, and the charge extraction ability at the interface is improved. The combined treatment significantly improved the efficiency of inverted PSCs, from 17.85% to 20.31%, and enhanced device stability under various conditions. This innovative dual-coordinated optimization strategy provides a clear and effective framework for improving the performance of NiOx films and inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Guoyuan Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bitao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Pengpeng Dong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Disheng Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Nan Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yong Peng
- State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jilin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Fei Long
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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24
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Zhu X, Xiong W, Hu C, Mo K, Yang M, Li Y, Li R, Shen C, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang S, Lin Q, Yuan S, Liu Z, Wang Z. Constructing Ultra-Shallow Near-Edge States for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309487. [PMID: 38174652 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Electronic band structure engineering of metal-halide perovskites (MHP) lies at the core of fundamental materials research and photovoltaic applications. However, reconfiguring the band structures in MHP for optimized electronic properties remains challenging. This article reports a generic strategy for constructing near-edge states to improve carrier properties, leading to enhanced device performances. The near-edge states are designed around the valence band edge using theoretical prediction and constructed through tailored material engineering. These states are experimentally revealed with activation energies of around 23 milli-electron volts by temperature-dependent time-resolved spectroscopy. Such small activation energies enable prolonged carrier lifetime with efficient carrier transition dynamics and low non-radiative recombination losses, as corroborated by the millisecond lifetimes of microwave conductivity. By constructing near-edge states in positive-intrinsic-negative inverted cells, a champion efficiency of 25.4% (25.0% certified) for a 0.07-cm2 cell and 23.6% (22.7% certified) for a 1-cm2 cell is achieved. The most stable encapsulated cell retains 90% of its initial efficiency after 1100 h of maximum power point tracking under one sun illumination (100 mW cm-2) at 65 °C in ambient air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhu
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Wenqi Xiong
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chong Hu
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kangwei Mo
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Man Yang
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ruiming Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chen Shen
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoze Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Qianqian Lin
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shengjun Yuan
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Zhengyou Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Microelectronics Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, 430206, China
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25
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Li B, Liu Q, Gong J, Li S, Zhang C, Gao D, Chen Z, Li Z, Wu X, Zhao D, Yu Z, Li X, Wang Y, Lu H, Zeng XC, Zhu Z. Harnessing strong aromatic conjugation in low-dimensional perovskite heterojunctions for high-performance photovoltaic devices. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2753. [PMID: 38553436 PMCID: PMC10980693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-dimensional/three-dimensional perovskite heterojunctions have shown great potential for improving the performance of perovskite photovoltaics, but large organic cations in low-dimensional perovskites hinder charge transport and cause carrier mobility anisotropy at the heterojunction interface. Here, we report a low-dimensional/three-dimensional perovskite heterojunction that introduces strong aromatic conjugated low-dimensional perovskites in p-i-n devices to reduce the electron transport resistance crossing the perovskite/electron extraction interface. The strong aromatic conjugated π-conjugated network results in continuous energy orbits among [Pb2I6]2- frameworks, thereby effectively suppressing interfacial non-radiative recombination and boosting carrier extraction. Consequently, the devices achieved an improved efficiency to 25.66% (certified 25.20%), and maintained over 95% of the initial efficiency after 1200 hours and 1000 hours under ISOS-L-1I and ISOS-D-1 protocols, respectively. The chemical design of strong aromatic conjugated molecules in perovskite heterojunctions provides a promising avenue for developing efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianqiu Gong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zexin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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26
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Pérez-Escribano M, Fernández-Alarcón A, Ortí E, Aragó J, Cerdá J, Calbo J. Morphology, dynamic disorder, and charge transport in an indoloindole-based hole-transporting material from a multi-level theoretical approach. Faraday Discuss 2024; 250:202-219. [PMID: 37961853 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00144j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The exponential effort in the design of hole-transporting materials (HTMs) during the last decade has been motivated by their key role as p-type semiconductors for (opto)electronics. Although structure-property relationships have been successfully rationalized to decipher optimal site substitutions, aliphatic chain lengths or efficient aromatic cores for enhanced charge conduction, the impact of molecular shape, material morphology and dynamic disorder has been generally overlooked. In this work, we characterize by means of a multi-level theoretical approach the charge transport properties of a novel planar small-molecule HTM based on the indoloindole aromatic core (IDIDF), and compare it with spherical spiro-OMeTAD. Hybrid DFT calculations predict moderate band dispersions in IDIDF associated to the main transport direction characterized by π-π stacked molecules, both between the indoloindole cores and the thiophene groups. Strongly coupled dimers show relevant non-covalent interactions (NCI), indicating that NCI surfaces are a necessary but not exclusive requirement for large electronic couplings. We evidence remarkable differences in the site energy standard deviation and electronic coupling distributions between the conduction paths of IDIDF and spiro-OMeTAD. Despite the spherical vs. planar shape, theoretical calculations predict in the static crystal strong direction-dependent charge transport in the two HTMs, with ca. one-order-of-magnitude higher mobility (μ) for IDIDF. The dynamical disorder promoted by finite temperature effects in the crystal leads to a reduction in the hole transport properties in both HTMs, with maximum μ values of 2.42 and 4.2 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 for IDIDF and spiro-OMeTAD, respectively, as well as a significant increase in the transport anisotropy in the latter. Finally, the impact of the material amorphousness in the hole mobility is analysed by modelling a fully random distribution of HTM molecules. An average (lower-bound) mobility of 1.1 × 10-3 and 4.9 × 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1 is predicted for planar IDIDF and spherical spiro-OMeTAD, respectively, in good accord with the experimental data registered in thin-film devices. Our results demonstrate the strong influence of molecular shape, dynamic structural fluctuations and crystal morphology on the charge transport, and pose indoloindole-based HTMs as promising materials for organic electronics and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46890 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46890 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Jesús Cerdá
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, University of Mons-UMONS, Mons 7000, Belgium.
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46890 Paterna, Spain.
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27
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Li M, Li Z, Liu M, Fu H, Qi F, Lin FR, Walsh A, Jen AKY. A Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayer for Both Efficient Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4772-4778. [PMID: 38381871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) emerging as promising hole-selective layers (HSLs) are advantageous for facile processability, low cost, and minimal material consumption in the fabrication of both perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs). However, owing to the different nature between perovskites and organic semiconductors, few SAMs were reported to effectively accommodate both PSCs and OSCs at the same time. In this regard, a universally applicable SAM that can accommodate both perovskites and organic semiconductors could be desirable for simplifying cell manufacturing, especially from an industrial perspective. In this work, we designed a SAM, TDPA-Cl by introducing chlorinated phenothiazine as the headgroup and linking with anchor phosphonic acid through a butyl chain. The resulting dense SAM was carefully characterized in terms of molecular bonding, surface morphology, and packing density, and its functions in OSCs and PSCs were discussed from the aspects of interactions with the absorber layer, energy level alignment, and charge-selective dipoles. The PM6:Y6-based OSCs with TDPA-Cl SAM as the HSL showed a superior performance to those with PEDOT:PSS. Furthermore, the universality was proved with an efficiency of 17.4% in the D18:Y6 system. In PSCs, the TDPA-Cl-based devices delivered a better performance of 22.4% than the PTAA-based devices (20.8%) with improved processability and reproducibility. This work represents a SAM with reasonably good compromise between the differing requirements of OSCs and PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhenzhu Li
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, EWHA Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, EWHA Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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28
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Zhu W, Wang D, Chen Y, Tao Y, Guo R, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xiong J, Xiang D, Zhang J. Room-Temperature Processed Annealing-Free Printable Carbon-Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells with 17.34% Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7265-7274. [PMID: 38318768 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-based printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (MPSCs) have promising commercial development due to the use of easily scalable printing processes and low-cost carbon material electrodes. Simplifying the preparation process of MPSCs will undoubtedly contribute to their practical application. Here, we demonstrate that efficient and stable MPSCs can be prepared at room temperature without annealing by using low boiling point 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME) and strongly coordinated N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a novel mixed solvent under the synergistic effect of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The results show that the 2-ME/NMP mixed solvent can generate an optimized coordination environment so that uniform nucleation and crystallization of perovskites in mesopores can be achieved at room temperature without annealing by forming uniform small-sized colloids in the precursor solution. Moreover, our work for the first time introduces NH4Cl as a crystallization modulator during a room-temperature annealing-free process, effectively regulating the crystallization behavior of perovskite in mesopores and obtaining high-quality perovskites. Finally, MPSCs prepared synergistically by a room-temperature annealing-free process based on a low boiling point 2-ME/NMP mixed solvent and NH4Cl modulator achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 17.34% while demonstrating excellent long-term air stability for over half a year. This work provides a new approach to simplifying the preparation process of MPSCs and preparing efficient and stable MPSCs through a room-temperature annealing-free process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wending Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongjie Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Tao
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongrong Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Zheling Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Dinghan Xiang
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
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Zhang H, Wang R, Yang L, Hu Z, Liu H, Liu Y. Modulating the Dipole Moment of Secondary Ammonium Spacers for Efficient 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318206. [PMID: 38165142 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Layered two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are emerging as promising optoelectronic materials owing to their excellent environmental stability. Regulating the dipole moment of organic spacers has the potential to reduce the exciton binding energy (Eb ) of 2D perovskites and improve their photovoltaic performance. Here, we developed two azetidine-based secondary ammonium spacers with different electron-withdrawing groups, namely 3-hydroxyazatidine (3-OHAz) and 3,3-difluoroazetidine (3,3-DFAz) spacers, for 2D Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites. It was found that the large dipole moment of the fluorinated dipole spacer could effectively enhance the interaction between organic spacers and inorganic layers, leading to improved charge dissociation in 2D RP perovskite. In contrast to 3-OHAz spacer, the 2D perovskite using 3,3-DFAz as spacer also shows improved film quality, optimized energy level alignment, and reduced exciton binding energy. As a result, the 2D perovskite (n=4) device based on 3,3-DFAz yields an outstanding efficiency of 19.28 %, surpassing that of the 3-OHAz-Pb device (PCE=11.35 %). The efficiency was further improved to 19.85 % when using mixed A-site cation of MA0.95 FA0.05 . This work provides an effective strategy for modulating the energy level alignment and reducing the Eb by regulating the dipole moment of organic spacers, ultimately enabling the development of high-performance 2D perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rui Wang
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ziyang Hu
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Hang Liu
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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30
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Song W, Chong KC, Qi G, Xiao Y, Chen G, Li B, Tang Y, Zhang X, Yao Y, Lin Z, Zou Z, Liu B. Unraveling the Transformation from Type-II to Z-Scheme in Perovskite-Based Heterostructures for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3303-3314. [PMID: 38271212 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The ability to create perovskite-based heterostructures with desirable charge transfer characteristics represents an important endeavor to render a set of perovskite materials and devices with tunable optoelectronic properties. However, due to similar material selection and band alignment in type-II and Z-scheme heterostructures, it remains challenging to obtain perovskite-based heterostructures with a favorable electron transfer pathway for photocatalysis. Herein, we report a robust tailoring of effective charge transfer pathway in perovskite-based heterostructures via a type-II to Z-scheme transformation for highly efficient and selective photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Specifically, CsPbBr3/TiO2 and CsPbBr3/Au/TiO2 heterostructures are synthesized and then investigated by ultrafast spectroscopy. Moreover, taking CsPbBr3/TiO2 and CsPbBr3/Au/TiO2 as examples, operando experiments and theoretical calculations confirm that the type-II heterostructure could be readily transformed into a Z-scheme heterostructure through establishing a low-resistance Ohmic contact, which indicates that a fast electron transfer pathway is crucial in Z-scheme construction, as further demonstrated by CsPbBr3/Ag/TiO2 and CsPbBr3/MoS2 heterostructures. In contrast to pristine CsPbBr3 and CsPbBr3/TiO2, the CsPbBr3/Au/TiO2 heterostructure exhibits 5.4- and 3.0-fold enhancement of electron consumption rate in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. DFT calculations and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy unveil that the superior CO selectivity is attributed to the lower energy of *CO desorption than that of hydrogenation to *HCO. This meticulous design sheds light on the modification of perovskite-based multifunctional materials and enlightens conscious optimization of semiconductor-based heterostructures with desirable charge transfer for catalysis and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Kok Chan Chong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Guobin Qi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Yukun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Ganwen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Yufu Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Yingfang Yao
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhigang Zou
- Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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31
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Cao S, Wang L, She X, Li W, Wei L, Xiong X, Wang Z, Li J, Tian H, Cui X, Zhang M, Sun H, Yang D, Liu X. Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Inverted CsPbI 2Br Perovskite Solar Cells via Fluorinated Organic Ammonium Salt Surface Passivation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38320286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
All-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently received increasing attention due to their outstanding thermal stability. However, the performance of these devices, especially for the devices with a p-i-n structure, is still inferior to that of the typical organic-inorganic counterparts. In this study, we introduce phenylammonium iodides with different side groups on the surface of the CsPbI2Br perovskite film and investigate their passivation effects. Our studies indicate that the 4-trifluoromethyl phenylammonium iodide (CFPA) molecule with the -CF3 side group effectively decreases the trap density of the perovskite film by forming interactions with the undercoordinated Pb2+ ions and significantly inhibits the nonradiative recombination in the derived PSC, leading to an enhanced open-circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.96 to 1.10 V after passivation. Also, the CFPA post-treatment enables better energy-level alignment between the conduction band minimum of CsPbI2Br perovskite and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester, thereby enhancing the charge extraction from the perovskite to the charge transport layer. These combined benefits result in a significant enhancement of the power conversion efficiency from 11.22 to 14.37% for inverted CsPbI2Br PSCs. The device without encapsulation exhibits a degradation of only ≈4% after 1992 h in a N2 glovebox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Cao
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Lang Wang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xingchen She
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Lin Wei
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Haibo Tian
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xumei Cui
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Dingyu Yang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
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32
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Liu WW, Li CX, Cui CY, Liu GL, Lei YX, Zheng YW, Da SJ, Xu ZQ, Zou R, Kong LB, Ran F. Strengthened Interficial Adhesive Fracture Energy by Young's Modulus Matching Degree Strategy in Carbon-Based HTM Free MAPbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cell with Enhanced Mechanical Compatibility. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304452. [PMID: 37752683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based hole transport layer-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3 ) have become one of the research focus due to low cost, easy preparation, and good optoelectronic properties. However, instability of perovskite under vacancy defects and stress-strain makes it difficult to achieve high-efficiency and stable power output. Here, a soft-structured long-chain 2D pentanamine iodide (abbreviated as "PI") is used to improve perovskite quality and interfacial mechanical compatibility. PI containing CH3 (CH2 )4 NH3 + and I- ions not only passivate defects at grain boundaries, but also effectively alleviate residual stress during high temperature annealing via decreasing Young's modulus of perovskite film. Most importantly, PI effectively increases matching degree of Young's modulus between MAPbI3 (47.1 GPa) and carbon (6.7 GPa), and strengthens adhesive fracture energy (Gc ) between perovskite and carbon, which is helpful for outward release of nascent interfacial stress generated under service conditions. Consequently, photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of optimal device is enhanced from 10.85% to 13.76% and operational stability is also significantly improved. 83.1% output is maintained after aging for 720 h at room temperature and 25-60% relative humidity (RH). This strategy of regulation from chemistry and physics provides a strategy for efficient and stable carbon-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Chong-Yang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Long Liu
- Nickel-Cobalt New Materials Technology Innovation Center Co. LTD of Gansu Jinchuan, Jinchang, 737100, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xiao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Wen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Ji Da
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Rong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Fen Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
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Li M, Zhu Z, Wang Z, Pan W, Cao X, Wu G, Chen R. High-Quality Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films by Post-Treatment Technologies in Photovoltaic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309428. [PMID: 37983565 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Incredible progress in photovoltaic devices based on hybrid perovskite materials has been made in the past few decades, and a record-certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 26% has been achieved in single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In the fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs, the postprocessing procedures toward perovskites are essential for designing high-quality perovskite thin films; developing efficient and reliable post-treatment techniques is very important to promote the progress of PSCs. Here, recent post-treatment technological reforms toward perovskite thin films are summarized, and the principal functions of the post-treatment strategies on the design of high-quality perovskite films have been thoroughly analyzed by dividing into two categories in this review: thermal annealing (TA)-related technique and TA-free technique. The latest research progress of the above two types of post-treatment techniques is summarized and discussed, focusing on the optimization of postprocessing conditions, the regulation of perovskite qualities, and the enhancement of device performance. Finally, an outlook of the prospect trends and future challenges for the fabrication of the perovskite layer and the production of highly efficient PSCs is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinxiu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, P. R. China
| | - Guangbao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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Wang C, Qu D, Zhou B, Shang C, Zhang X, Tu Y, Huang W. Self-Healing Behavior of the Metal Halide Perovskites and Photovoltaics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307645. [PMID: 37770384 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have achieved rapid progress in the new-generation photovoltaic field, but the commercialization lags behind owing to the device stability issue under operational conditions. Ultimately, the instability issue is attributed to the soft lattice of ionic perovskite crystal. In brief, metal halide perovskite materials are susceptible to structural instability processes, including phase segregation, component loss, lattice distortion, and fatigue failure under harsh external stimuli such as high humidity, strong irradiation, wide thermal cycles, and large stress. Developing self-healing perovskites to further improve the unsatisfactory operational stability of their photoelectric devices under harsh stimuli has become a cutting-edge hotspot in this field. This self-healing behavior needs to be studied more comprehensively. Therefore, the self-healing behavior of the metal halide perovskites and photovoltaics is classified and summarized in this review. By discussing recent advances, underlying mechanisms, strategies, and existing challenges, this review provides perspectives on self-healing of perovskite solar cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyun Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Du Qu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Chuanzhen Shang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Yongguang Tu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
- Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Provience, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) and Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Provience, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
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Chen J, Deger C, Su ZH, Wang KL, Zhu GP, Wu JJ, He BC, Chen CH, Wang T, Gao XY, Yavuz I, Lou YH, Wang ZK, Liao LS. Magnetic-biased chiral molecules enabling highly oriented photovoltaic perovskites. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad305. [PMID: 38213530 PMCID: PMC10776365 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between sites A, B and X with passivation molecules is restricted when the conventional passivation strategy is applied in perovskite (ABX3) photovoltaics. Fortunately, the revolving A-site presents an opportunity to strengthen this interaction by utilizing an external field. Herein, we propose a novel approach to achieving an ordered magnetic dipole moment, which is regulated by a magnetic field via the coupling effect between the chiral passivation molecule and the A-site (formamidine ion) in perovskites. This strategy can increase the molecular interaction energy by approximately four times and ensure a well-ordered molecular arrangement. The quality of the deposited perovskite film is significantly optimized with inhibited nonradiative recombination. It manages to reduce the open-circuit voltage loss of photovoltaic devices to 360 mV and increase the power conversion efficiency to 25.22%. This finding provides a new insight into the exploration of A-sites in perovskites and offers a novel route to improving the device performance of perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Caner Deger
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Ziverbey 34722, Turkey
| | - Zhen-Huang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Kai-Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guang-Peng Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing-Chen He
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Chun-Hao Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing-Yu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Ilhan Yavuz
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Ziverbey 34722, Turkey
| | - Yan-Hui Lou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhao-Kui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Nyiekaa EA, Aika TA, Orukpe PE, Akhabue CE, Danladi E. Development on inverted perovskite solar cells: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24689. [PMID: 38298729 PMCID: PMC10828711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have received note-worthy consideration in the photovoltaic domain because of its dependable operating stability, minimal hysteresis, and low-temperature manufacture technique in the quest to satisfy global energy demand through renewable means. In a decade transition, perovskite solar cells in general have exceeded 25 % efficiency as a result of superior perovskite nanocrystalline films obtained via low temperature synthesis methods along with good interface and electrode materials management. This review paper presents detail processes of refining the stability and power conversion efficiencies in IPSCs. The latest development in the power conversion efficiency, including structural configurations, prospect of tandem solar cells, mixed cations and halides, films' fabrication methods, charge transport material alterations, effects of contact electrode materials, additive and interface engineering materials used in IPSCs are extensively discussed. Additionally, insights on the state of the art and IPSCs' continued development towards commercialization are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel A. Nyiekaa
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Timothy A. Aika
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Patience E. Orukpe
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | | | - Eli Danladi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Nigeria
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Chen P, He D, Huang X, Zhang C, Wang L. Bilayer 2D-3D Perovskite Heterostructures for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2024; 18:67-88. [PMID: 38131195 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
With a stacking-layered architecture, the bilayer two-dimensional-three-dimensional (2D-3D) perovskite heterostructure (PHS) not only eliminates surface defects but also protects the 3D perovskite matrix from external stimuli. However, these bilayer 2D-3D PHSs suffer from impaired interfacial charge carrier transport due to the relatively insulating 2D perovskite fragments with a random phase distribution. Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been devoted to pioneering molecular and structural designs of the 2D perovskite interlayers for improving their charge carrier mobility, which enables state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells with high power conversion efficiency and exceptional operational stability. Herein, this review offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the recent progress of bilayer 2D-3D PHSs, encompassing advancements on spacer cation engineering, interfacial charge carrier modification, advanced deposition protocols, and characterization techniques. Then, the evolutionary trajectory of bilayer 2D-3D PHSs is outlined by summarizing its mainstream development trends, followed by a perspective discussion about its future research opportunities toward efficient and durable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Dongxu He
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xia Huang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chengxi Zhang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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38
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Chen P, Xiao Y, Hu J, Li S, Luo D, Su R, Caprioglio P, Kaienburg P, Jia X, Chen N, Wu J, Sui Y, Tang P, Yan H, Huang T, Yu M, Li Q, Zhao L, Hou CH, You YW, Shyue JJ, Wang D, Li X, Zhao Q, Gong Q, Lu ZH, Snaith HJ, Zhu R. Multifunctional ytterbium oxide buffer for perovskite solar cells. Nature 2024; 625:516-522. [PMID: 38233617 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) comprise a solid perovskite absorber sandwiched between several layers of different charge-selective materials, ensuring unidirectional current flow and high voltage output of the devices1,2. A 'buffer material' between the electron-selective layer and the metal electrode in p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) PSCs (also known as inverted PSCs) enables electrons to flow from the electron-selective layer to the electrode3-5. Furthermore, it acts as a barrier inhibiting the inter-diffusion of harmful species into or degradation products out of the perovskite absorber6-8. Thus far, evaporable organic molecules9,10 and atomic-layer-deposited metal oxides11,12 have been successful, but each has specific imperfections. Here we report a chemically stable and multifunctional buffer material, ytterbium oxide (YbOx), for p-i-n PSCs by scalable thermal evaporation deposition. We used this YbOx buffer in the p-i-n PSCs with a narrow-bandgap perovskite absorber, yielding a certified power conversion efficiency of more than 25%. We also demonstrate the broad applicability of YbOx in enabling highly efficient PSCs from various types of perovskite absorber layer, delivering state-of-the-art efficiencies of 20.1% for the wide-bandgap perovskite absorber and 22.1% for the mid-bandgap perovskite absorber, respectively. Moreover, when subjected to ISOS-L-3 accelerated ageing, encapsulated devices with YbOx exhibit markedly enhanced device stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Deying Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rui Su
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pietro Caprioglio
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pascal Kaienburg
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaohan Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoming Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Maotao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hung Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen You
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dengke Wang
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
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Wu Y, Ren G, Lin W, Xiao L, Wu X, Yang C, Qi M, Luo Z, Zhang W, Liu Y, Min Y. The Synergistic Effect of Additives for Formamidinium-Based Inverted Dion-Jacobson 2D Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58286-58295. [PMID: 38052074 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted rapid growing attention due to their excellent environmental and operational stability. As an important type of 2D perovskite, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) 2D perovskites exhibit better structural integrity and more stable optoelectronic properties than those of Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) ones because of the elimination of weak van der Waals interactions. Random phase distribution, phase impurity, and weak crystallinity, however, can lead to severe nonradiative recombination losses in 2D perovskites and inferior device stability. Herein, formamidinium chloride (FACl) and lead chloride (PbCl2) are selected as additives to fabricate efficient and stable DJ 2D PSCs. The synergistic effect of additives could efficiently induce crystallization and suppress the low-n phase perovskites. The obtained 2D perovskites exhibit extended charge lifetime and enhanced charge transfer. The corresponding PSC device delivers an efficiency of 16.63% with a significantly improved open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.18 V and a fill factor (FF) of 81.65% than the control one. This PCE ranks the highest for inverted FA-based 2D DJ PSCs. Moreover, this device has exhibited exceptional long-term stability, which retains more than 95% of the initial efficiencies at about 50% relative humidity for 600 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guoxing Ren
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weidong Lin
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liangang Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuanhan Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chongqing Yang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Miao Qi
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yonggang Min
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Tian R, Liu C, Meng Y, Wang Y, Cao R, Tang B, Walsh D, Do H, Wu H, Wang K, Sun K, Yang S, Zhu J, Li X, Ge Z. Nucleation Regulation and Mesoscopic Dielectric Screening in α-FAPbI 3. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2309998. [PMID: 38108580 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
While significant advancements in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of α-FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been made, attaining controllable perovskite crystallization is still a considerable hurdle. This challenge stems from the initial formation of δ-FAPbI3 , a more energetically stable phase than the desired black α-phase, during film deposition. This disrupts the heterogeneous nucleation of α-FAPbI3 , causing the formation of mixed phases and defects. To this end, polarity engineering using molecular additives, specifically ((methyl-sulfonyl)phenyl)ethylamines (MSPEs) are introduced. The findings reveal that the interaction of PbI2 -MSPEs-FAI intermediates is enhanced with the increased polarity of MSPEs, which in turn expedites the nucleation of α-FAPbI3 . This leads to the development of high-quality α-FAPbI3 films, characterized by vertical crystal orientation and reduced residual stresses. Additionally, the increased dipole moment of MSPE at perovskite grain boundaries attenuates Coulomb attractions among charged defects and screens carrier capture process, thereby diminishing non-radiative recombination. Utilizing these mechanisms, PSCs treated with highly polar 2-(4-MSPE) achieve an impressive PCE of 25.2% in small-area devices and 20.5% in large-area perovskite solar modules (PSMs) with an active area of 70 cm2 . These results demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy in achieving controllable crystallization of α-FAPbI3 , paving the way for scalable-production of high-efficiency PSMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijia Tian
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ruikun Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Darren Walsh
- Carbon Neutral Laboratory for Sustainable Chemistry, Innovation Park, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Hainam Do
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Haodong Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kexuan Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Shuncheng Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Xin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Chen J, Xu K, Xie W, Zheng L, Tian Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Liu T, Xu H, Cheng K, Ma R, Chen C, Bao J, Wang X, Liu Y. Enhancing perovskite solar cells efficiency through cesium fluoride mediated surface lead iodide modulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:1726-1733. [PMID: 37672975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of an excessive amount of lead iodide on the surface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is a significant contributing factor that adversely affects the stability of these devices when exposed to continuous light. To address this issue, we developed an effective strategy involving polishing PbI2 on a perovskite surface using CsF. In this study, we investigated the effects of CsF post-treatment on perovskite films and their photovoltaic properties. The results of the time-resolved photoluminescence and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy tests reveal the significant positive impact of our passivation method based on CsF, which reduces the valence band offset between the perovskite and hole transport layers while simultaneously enhancing the carrier interface transport. PSCs treated with CsF exhibited a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.25% and an increased fill factor (FF) of 81.72%, which surpassed those of the original PSCs (PCE = 22.12% and FF = 77.40%). Furthermore, after aging for over 2500 h at room temperature and in 30 ± 10% humidity, the PCE of the unpacked PSCs reduced to only 42% of the initial value. Furthermore, the devices treated with CsF maintained their impressive performance, with the PCE maintaining optimal levels at 91% of the initial efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China; Anhui Province Quartz Sand Purification and Photovoltaic Glass Engineering Research Center, Chuzhou 233100, PR China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Weicheng Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Lishuang Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Yulu Tian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Jue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Tianyuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Hanzhong Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Kun Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Ruoming Ma
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Jusheng Bao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China; Anhui Province Quartz Sand Purification and Photovoltaic Glass Engineering Research Center, Chuzhou 233100, PR China.
| | - You Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China; Anhui Province Quartz Sand Purification and Photovoltaic Glass Engineering Research Center, Chuzhou 233100, PR China.
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42
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Cai Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Pan X, Andersson MR, Wang P. A Homopolymer of Xanthenoxanthene-Based Polycyclic Heteroaromatic for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202315814. [PMID: 38061995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient perovskite solar cells typically rely on spiro-OMeTAD as a hole transporter, achieving a 25.7 % efficiency record. However, these cells are susceptible to harsh 85 °C conditions. Here, we present a peri-xanthenoxanthene-based semiconducting homopolymer (p-TNI2) with matched energy levels and a high molecular weight, synthesized nearly quantitatively through facile oxidative polymerization. Compared to established materials, p-TNI2 excels in hole mobility, morphology, modulus, and waterproofing. Implementing p-TNI2 as the hole transport layer results in n-i-p perovskite solar cells with an initial average efficiency of 24.6 %, rivaling 24.4 % for the spiro-OMeTAD control cells under identical conditions. Furthermore, the p-TNI2-based cells exhibit enhanced thermostability at 85 °C and operational robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xun Pan
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Mats R Andersson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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43
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Bati ASR, Jiang W, Chu R, Mallo N, Burn PL, Gentle IR, Shaw PE. Fluorinated Cation-Based 2D Perovskites for Efficient and Stable 3D/2D Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38049378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) containing additives capable of forming two-dimensional (2D) structures in neat films have attracted attention due to their ability to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE) in combination with improved operational stability. Herein, a newly designed fluorinated ammonium salt, 2-(perfluorophenyl)ethanaminium bromide:chloride50:50 (FEABr:Cl50:50), is introduced into CsMAFAPbI3-based PSCs with a standard n-i-p architecture. FEABr:Cl50:50 was used as an additive in the tin(IV) oxide (SnO2) electron transporting layer (ETL) as well as a surface treatment for the perovskite film. Used in this dual way, the additive was found to passivate charge-trapping defects within the SnO2 ETL and regulate the crystal growth of the perovskite layer. When FEABr:Cl50:50 was deposited onto the surface of the 3D perovskite film, it formed a thin hydrophobic 2D capping layer. Adopting this dual strategy led to the perovskite film having larger grain sizes, improved quality, and overall better device performance. As a result, the best-performing device exhibited a PCE of over 23% with negligible hysteresis in an n-i-p device architecture with an area of 0.2 cm2. Furthermore, unencapsulated devices with the hydrophobic 2D capping layer showed improved stability compared to the control device when measured under continuous light irradiation at a maximum power point (MPP) at 80 ± 5 °C in a humid (≈50%) environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Wei Jiang
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ronan Chu
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Neil Mallo
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul L Burn
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ian R Gentle
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul E Shaw
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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44
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Liang H, Yang W, Xia J, Gu H, Meng X, Yang G, Fu Y, Wang B, Cai H, Chen Y, Yang S, Liang C. Strain Effects on Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304733. [PMID: 37828594 PMCID: PMC10724416 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) as a promising power source have grabbed surging attention from academia and industry specialists by integrating with different wearable and portable electronics. With the development of low-temperature solution preparation technology and the application of different engineering strategies, the power conversion efficiency of f-PSCs has approached 24%. Due to the inherent properties and application scenarios of f-PSCs, the study of strain in these devices is recognized as one of the key factors in obtaining ideal devices and promoting commercialization. The strains mainly from the change of bond and lattice volume can promote phase transformation, induce decomposition of perovskite film, decrease mechanical stability, etc. However, the effect of strain on the performance of f-PSCs has not been systematically summarized yet. Herein, the sources of strain, evaluation methods, impacts on f-PSCs, and the engineering strategies to modulate strain are summarized. Furthermore, the problems and future challenges in this regard are raised, and solutions and outlooks are offered. This review is dedicated to summarizing and enhancing the research into the strain of f-PSCs to provide some new insights that can further improve the optoelectronic performance and stability of flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Junmin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of OrganicElectronics and Information DisplaysNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210000China
| | - Hao Gu
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauMacau999078P. R. China
| | - Xiangchuan Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330000P. R. China
| | - Gege Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Hairui Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Yiwang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330000P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
| | - Chao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterSchool of PhysicsNational Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry‐Education Integration of Energy Storage TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710000P. R. China
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45
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He Z, Li M, Jia H, Yu R, Zhang Y, Wang R, Dong Y, Liu X, Xu D, Tan Z. Managing Interfacial Charged Defects with Multiple Active Sited Macrocyclic Valinomycin for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304918. [PMID: 37507136 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The unavoidably positively and negatively charged defects at the interface between perovskite and electron transport layer (ETL) often lead to severe surface recombination and unfavorable energy level alignment in inverted perovskite solar cells (PerSCs). Inserting interlayers at this interface is an effective approach to eliminate charged defects. Herein, the macrocyclic molecule valinomycin (VM) with multiple active sites of ─C═O, ─NH, and ─O─ is employed as an interlayer at the perovskite/ETL contact to simultaneously eliminate positively and negatively charged defects. Combined with a series of theoretical calculations and experimental analyzes, it is demonstrated that the ─C═O and ─O─ groups in VM can immobilize the uncoordinated Pb2+ to manage the positively charged defect and the formation of N─H···I hydrogen bonding can recompense the formamidine vacancies to eliminate the negatively charged defect. In addition, the VM interlayer induces a favorable downshift band bending at the perovskite/ETL interface, facilitating charge separation and boosting charge transfer. Thanks to the reduced charged defects and favorable energy level alignment, the fabricated inverted PerSC delivers an outstanding power conversion efficiency of 24.06% with excellent long-term ambient and thermal stability. This work demonstrates that managing charged defects via multiple functional groups and simultaneously regulating energy level alignment is a reliable strategy to boost the performance of PerSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangwei He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Minghua Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haoran Jia
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing JiaoTong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruyue Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yiman Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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46
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Miao Y, Ren M, Wang H, Lu L, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Surface Termination on Unstable Methylammonium-based Perovskite Using a Steric Barrier for Improved Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202312726. [PMID: 37904664 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Compared to widely adopted low-dimensional/three-dimensional (LD/3D) heterostructure, functional organic cation based surface termination on perovskite can not only realize advantage of defect passivation but also prevent potential disadvantage of the heterostructure induced intercalation into 3D perovskite. However, it is still very challenging to controllably construct surface termination on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite because the functional organic cations' substitution reaction is easy to form LD/3D heterostructure. Here, we report using a novel benzyltrimethylammonium (BTA) functional cation with rational designed steric hindrance to effectively surface terminate onto methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3 ) perovskite, which is composed of the most unstable MA cations. The BTA cation is difficult to form a specific 1.5-dimensional perovskite of BTA4 Pb3 I10 by cation substitution with MA cation, which then provides a wide processing window (around 10 minutes) for surface terminating on MAPbI3 films. Moreover, the BTAI surface terminated BTAI-MAPbI3 shows better passivation effect than BTA4 Pb3 I10 -MAPbI3 heterojunction. Finally, BTAI surface terminated solar cell (0.085 cm2 ) and mini-module (11.52 cm2 ) obtained the efficiencies of 22.03 % and 18.57 %, which are among the highest efficiencies for MAPbI3 based ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, 200240, Shanghai, China
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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47
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Duan S, Sun Q, Liu G, Deng J, Meng X, Shen B, Hu D, Kang B, Silva SRP. Synergistic Surface Defect Passivation of Ionic Liquids for Efficient and Stable MAPbI 3-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46483-46492. [PMID: 37748040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells are fabricated using polycrystalline perovskite thin films, which possess high densities of point and surface defects. The surface defects of perovskite thin films are the key factors that affect the device performance. Therefore, the reduction of harmful defects is the primary task for improving device performance. Therefore, in this study, high-quality perovskite thin films are prepared using an ionic liquid, dithiocarbamate diethylamine (DADA), to passivate the interface. The electron-rich sulfur atom in the DADA molecule chelates with the uncoordinated lead ion in the perovskite films, and the diethylammonium cation forms a hydrogen bond with the free iodine ion, which further improves the passivation. The synergistic passivation and improved morphology of the perovskite thin films substantially reduce the number of charged defects on the film surface and prolong the carrier lifetime. In addition, the DADA surface treatment increases the work function of the perovskite film, which is beneficial for carrier transport. Under standard solar-lighting conditions, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the device increases from 19.13 to 21.36%, and the fill factor is as high as 83.17%. Owing to both the hydrophobicity of DADA molecules and the passivation of ion defects, the PCE of the device remains above 80%, even for the device stored for 500 h in air at a relative humidity of 65%, and the device stability is substantially improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocong Duan
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jianguo Deng
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiangxin Meng
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bo Shen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Die Hu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bonan Kang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - S Ravi P Silva
- Nanoelectronics Centre, Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, U.K
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48
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Cheng F, Zhan S, Cai Y, Cao F, Dai X, Xu R, Yin J, Li J, Zheng N, Wu B. Interfacial Property Tuning Enables Copper Electrodes in High-Performance n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20081-20087. [PMID: 37639328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Developing cost-effective metal electrodes is essential for reducing the overall cost of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although copper is highly conductive and economical, it is rarely used as a positive electrode in efficient n-i-p PSCs due to its unmatched Fermi level and low oxidation threshold. We report herein that modification for the inner surface of electrodes using mercaptopyridine-based molecules readily tunes the electronic and chemical properties of copper, which has been achieved by fine-tuning the substituents of mercaptopyridines. The systematic adjustment for the Fermi level and oxidation potential of copper facilitates interfacial hole extraction and enhances the oxidation resistance of copper electrodes, which enables pure copper electrodes to be used in high-performance n-i-p PSCs with different hole transport materials. The resulting PSCs with copper electrodes display excellent power conversion efficiency and long-term stability, even comparable to those of the gold electrodes, showing great potential in the manufacturing and commercialization of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shaoqi Zhan
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, BMC Box 576, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuanting Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xinfeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ruchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Binghui Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Shen L, Song P, Zheng L, Wang L, Zhang X, Liu K, Liang Y, Tian W, Luo Y, Qiu J, Tian C, Xie L, Wei Z. Ion-Diffusion Management Enables All-Interface Defect Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301624. [PMID: 37358373 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated over 25% power conversion efficiency (PCE) via efficient surface passivation. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art perovskite post-treatment strategies can solely heal the top interface defects. Herein, an ion-diffusion management strategy is proposed to concurrently modulate the top interfaces, buried interfaces, and bulk interfaces (i.e., grain boundaries) of perovskite film, enabling all-interface defect passivation. Specifically, this method is enabled by applying double interactive salts of octylammonium iodide (OAI) and guanidinium chloride (GACl) onto the 3D perovskite surface. It is revealed that the hydrogen-bonding interaction between OA+ and GA+ decelerates the OA+ diffusion and therefore forms a dimensionally broadened 2D capping layer. Additionally, the diffusion of GA+ and Cl- determines the composition of the bulk and buried interface of PSCs. As a result, n-inter-i-inter-p, i.e., five-layer structured PSCs can be obtained with a champion PCE of 25.43% (certified 24.4%). This approach also enables the substantially improved operational stability of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Peiquan Song
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lingfang Zheng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yuming Liang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wanjia Tian
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yujie Luo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jianhang Qiu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chengbo Tian
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhanhua Wei
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Yang W, Jo SH, Tang Y, Park J, Ji SG, Cho SH, Hong Y, Kim DH, Park J, Yoon E, Zhou H, Woo SJ, Kim H, Yun HJ, Lee YS, Kim JY, Hu B, Lee TW. Overcoming Charge Confinement in Perovskite Nanocrystal Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304533. [PMID: 37390092 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The small nanoparticle size and long-chain ligands in colloidal metal halide perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) cause charge confinement, which impedes exciton dissociation and carrier extraction in PeQD solar cells, so they have low short-circuit current density Jsc , which impedes further increases in their power conversion efficiency (PCE). Here, a re-assembling process (RP) is developed for perovskite nanocrystalline (PeNC) films made of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals to increase Jsc in PeNC solar cells. The RP of PeNC films increases their crystallite size and eliminates long-chain ligands, and thereby overcomes the charge confinement in PeNC films. These changes facilitate exciton dissociation and increase carrier extraction in PeNC solar cells. By use of this method, the gradient-bandgap PeNC solar cells achieve a Jsc = 19.30 mA cm-2 without compromising the photovoltage, and yield a high PCE of 16.46% with negligible hysteresis and good stability. This work provides a new strategy to process PeNC films and pave the way for high performance PeNC optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yipeng Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1001-1099 Estabrook Rd, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jumi Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Geun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eojin Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Huanyu Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Je Woo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeran Kim
- Advanced Nano Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joong Yun
- Advanced Nano Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seog Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1001-1099 Estabrook Rd, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- SN Display Co. Ltd., 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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