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Zhao Z, Tu H, Wang Y, Yang J, Hao G, Wu J. Chemical Driving the Subtype Selectivity of Phytohormone Receptors Is Beneficial for Crop Productivity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16583-16593. [PMID: 39013833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Chemicals that modulate phytohormones serve as a research tool in plant science and as products to improve crop productivity. Subtype selectivity refers to a ligand to selectively bind to specific subtypes of a receptor rather than binding to all possible subtypes indiscriminately. It allows for precise and specific control of cellular functions and is widely used in medicine. However, subtype selectivity is rarely mentioned in the realm of plant science, and it requires integrated knowledge from chemistry and biology, including structural features of small molecules as ligands, the redundancy of target proteins, and the response of signaling factors. Here, we present a comprehensive review and evaluation of phytohormone receptor subtype selectivity, leveraging the chemical characteristics of phytohormones and their analogues as clues. This work endeavors to provide a valuable research strategy that integrates knowledge from chemistry and biology to advance research efforts geared toward enhancing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Gefei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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2
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Daignan-Fornier S, Keita A, Boyer FD. Chemistry of Strigolactones, Key Players in Plant Communication. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400133. [PMID: 38607659 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Today, the use of artificial pesticides is questionable and the adaptation to global warming is a necessity. The promotion of favorable natural interactions in the rhizosphere offers interesting perspectives for changing the type of agriculture. Strigolactones (SLs), the latest class of phytohormones to be discovered, are also chemical mediators in the rhizosphere. We present in this review the diversity of natural SLs, their analogs, mimics, and probes essential for the biological studies of this class of compounds. Their biosynthesis and access by organic synthesis are highlighted especially concerning noncanonical SLs, the more recently discovered natural SLs. Organic synthesis of analogs, stable isotope-labeled standards, mimics, and probes are also reviewed here. In the last part, the knowledge about the SL perception is described as well as the different inhibitors of SL receptors that have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Daignan-Fornier
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoinette Keita
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Du L, Li X, Ding Y, Ma D, Yu C, Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu Z, Duan L. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Phenyl-Substituted Naphthoic Acid Ethyl Ester Derivatives as Strigolactone Receptor Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3902. [PMID: 38612714 PMCID: PMC11012203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that regulate several key agronomic traits, including shoot branching, leaf senescence, and stress tolerance. The artificial regulation of SL biosynthesis and signaling has been considered as a potent strategy in regulating plant architecture and combatting the infection of parasitic weeds to help improve crop yield. DL1b is a previously reported SL receptor inhibitor molecule that significantly promotes shoot branching. Here, we synthesized 18 novel compounds based on the structure of DL1b. We performed rice tillering activity assay and selected a novel small molecule, C6, as a candidate SL receptor inhibitor. In vitro bioassays demonstrated that C6 possesses various regulatory functions as an SL inhibitor, including inhibiting germination of the root parasitic seeds Phelipanche aegyptiaca, delaying leaf senescence and promoting hypocotyl elongation of Arabidopsis. ITC analysis and molecular docking experiments further confirmed that C6 can interact with SL receptor proteins, thereby interfering with the binding of SL to its receptor. Therefore, C6 is considered a novel SL receptor inhibitor with potential applications in plant architecture control and prevention of root parasitic weed infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Xingjia Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yimin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Chunxin Yu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ziyan Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Liusheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
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4
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Takai T. Potential of rice tillering for sustainable food production. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:708-720. [PMID: 37933683 PMCID: PMC10837021 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Tillering, also known as shoot branching, is a fundamental trait for cereal crops such as rice to produce sufficient panicle numbers. Effective tillering that guarantees successful panicle production is essential for achieving high crop yields. Recent advances in molecular biology have revealed the mechanisms underlying rice tillering; however, in rice breeding and cultivation, there remain limited genes or alleles suitable for effective tillering and high yields. A recently identified quantitative trait locus (QTL) called MORE PANICLES 3 (MP3) has been cloned as a single gene and shown to promote tillering and to moderately increase panicle number. This gene is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TB1, and it has the potential to increase grain yield under ongoing climate change and in nutrient-poor environments. This review reconsiders the potential and importance of tillering for sustainable food production. Thus, I provide an overview of rice tiller development and the currently understood molecular mechanisms that underly it, focusing primarily on the biosynthesis and signaling of strigolactones, effective QTLs, and the importance of MP3 (TB1). The possible future benefits in using promising QTLs such as MP3 to explore agronomic solutions under ongoing climate change and in nutrient-poor environments are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takai
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 305-8686 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Chen J, Dean TJ, Shukla D. Contribution of Signaling Partner Association to Strigolactone Receptor Selectivity. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:698-705. [PMID: 38194306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The parasitic plant witchweed, Striga hermonthica, results in agricultural losses of billions of dollars per year. It perceives its host via plant hormones called strigolactones, which act as germination stimulants for witchweed. Strigolactone signaling involves substrate binding to the strigolactone receptor, followed by substrate hydrolysis and a conformational change from an inactive, or open state, to an active, or closed state. In the active state, the receptor associates with a signaling partner, MAX2. Recently, it was shown that this MAX2 association process acts as a strong contributor to the uniquely high signaling activity observed in ShHTL7; however, it is unknown why ShHTL7 has enhanced MAX2 association affinity. Using an umbrella sampling molecular dynamics approach, we characterized the association processes of AtD14, ShHTL7, a mutant of ShHTL7, and ShHTL6 with MAX2 homologue OsD3. From these results, we show that ShHTL7 has an enhanced standard binding free energy of OsD3 compared to those of the other receptors. Additionally, our results suggest that the overall topology of the T2/T3 helix region is likely an important modulator of MAX2 binding. Thus, differences in MAX2 association, modulated by differences in the T2/T3 helix region, are a contributor to differences in signaling activity between different strigolactone receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tanner J Dean
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Kemprai P, Bora PK, Saikia SP, Haldar S. Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4451-4462. [PMID: 37401207 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many essential oils and their constituent volatile organic compounds are known to be phytotoxic and potential bioherbicides. This study aims to investigate the phytotoxicity of propenylbenzene-rich essential oils and identify active molecule(s) therein. RESULTS Five commercially available propenylbenzene-rich oils were screened, of which betel (Piper betle L.) oil was identified as a potent natural phytotoxin. It dose-dependently inhibited wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) seed germination and growth in water and agar medium with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) in the range 23.2-122.7 μg mL-1 . Phytotoxicity-guided fractionation and purification revealed chavibetol as the major and most potent phytotoxic constituent of betel oil, followed by chavibetol acetate. A structure-activity relationship study involving 12 propenylbenzenes indicated the structural and positional importance of aromatic substitutions for the activity. Furthermore, the phytotoxic efficacy of chavibetol was established against wheatgrass germination and growth in water (IC50 15.8-53.4 μg mL-1 ), agar (IC50 34.4-53.6 μg mL-1 ) and aerial (IC50 1.7-4.5 mg L-1 ) media with a more pronounced effect on the radicle. Also, in open phytojars, chavibetol efficiently inhibited the growth of 3-7-day-old bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) seedlings when sprayed directly (IC50 2.3-3.4 mg jar-1 ) or supplemented in agar (IC50 116.6-139.1 μg mL-1 ). The growth of pre-germinated green amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) was inhibited more effectively in both application modes (1.2-1.4 mg jar-1 and IC50 26.8-31.4 μg mL-1 respectively). CONCLUSION The study concluded betel oil as a potent phytotoxic herbal extract and its major constituent chavibetol as a promising volatile phytotoxin for the future management of weeds in their early phase of emergence. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phirose Kemprai
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pranjit Kumar Bora
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Siddhartha Proteem Saikia
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Yap JX, Tsuchiya Y. Gibberellins Promote Seed Conditioning by Up-Regulating Strigolactone Receptors in the Parasitic Plant Striga hermonthica. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1021-1033. [PMID: 37300550 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dormant seeds of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica sense strigolactones from host plants as environmental cues for germination. This process is mediated by a diversified member of the strigolactone receptors encoded by HYPOSENSITIVE TO LIGHT/KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 genes. It is known that warm and moist treatment during seed conditioning gradually makes dormant Striga seeds competent to respond to strigolactones, although the mechanism behind it is poorly understood. In this report, we show that plant hormone gibberellins increase strigolactone competence by up-regulating mRNA expression of the major strigolactone receptors during the conditioning period. This idea was supported by a poor germination phenotype in which gibberellin biosynthesis was depleted by paclobutrazol during conditioning. Moreover, live imaging with a fluorogenic strigolactone mimic, yoshimulactone green W, revealed that paclobutrazol treatment during conditioning caused aberrant dynamics of strigolactone perception after germination. These observations revealed an indirect role of gibberellins in seed germination in Striga, which contrasts with their roles as dominant germination-stimulating hormones in non-parasitic plants. We propose a model of how the role of gibberellins became indirect during the evolution of parasitism in plants. Our work also highlights the potential role for gibberellins in field applications, for instance, in elevating the sensitivity of seeds toward strigolactones in the current suicidal germination approach to alleviate the agricultural threats caused by this parasite in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xin Yap
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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8
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Huizinga S, Bouwmeester HJ. Role of Strigolactones in the Host Specificity of Broomrapes and Witchweeds. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:936-954. [PMID: 37319019 PMCID: PMC10504575 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Root parasitic plants of the Orobanchaceae, broomrapes and witchweeds, pose a severe problem to agriculture in Europe, Asia and especially Africa. These parasites are totally dependent on their host for survival, and therefore, their germination is tightly regulated by host presence. Indeed, their seeds remain dormant in the soil until a host root is detected through compounds called germination stimulants. Strigolactones (SLs) are the most important class of germination stimulants. They play an important role in planta as a phytohormone and, upon exudation from the root, function in the recruitment of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plants exude mixtures of various different SLs, possibly to evade detection by these parasites and still recruit symbionts. Vice versa, parasitic plants must only respond to the SL composition that is exuded by their host, or else risk germination in the presence of non-hosts. Therefore, parasitic plants have evolved an entire clade of SL receptors, called HTL/KAI2s, to perceive the SL cues. It has been demonstrated that these receptors each have a distinct sensitivity and specificity to the different known SLs, which possibly allows them to recognize the SL-blend characteristic of their host. In this review, we will discuss the molecular basis of SL sensitivity and specificity in these parasitic plants through HTL/KAI2s and review the evidence that these receptors contribute to host specificity of parasitic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjors Huizinga
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Green Life Sciences Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Plant Hormone Biology Group, Green Life Sciences Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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Kee YJ, Ogawa S, Ichihashi Y, Shirasu K, Yoshida S. Strigolactones in Rhizosphere Communication: Multiple Molecules With Diverse Functions. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:955-966. [PMID: 37279572 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are root-secreted small molecules that influence organisms living in the rhizosphere. While SLs are known as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants and as hyphal branching factors for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, recent studies have also identified them as chemoattractants for parasitic plants, sensors of neighboring plants and key players in shaping the microbiome community. Furthermore, the discovery of structurally diverged SLs, including so-called canonical and non-canonical SLs in various plant species, raises the question of whether the same SLs are responsible for their diverse functions 'in planta' and the rhizosphere or whether different molecules play different roles. Emerging evidence supports the latter, with each SL exhibiting different activities as rhizosphere signals and plant hormones. The evolution of D14/KAI2 receptors has enabled the perception of various SLs or SL-like compounds to control downstream signaling, highlighting the complex interplay between plants and their rhizosphere environment. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the diverse functions of SLs in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Jia Kee
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | | | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Satoko Yoshida
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
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Kang Z, Yan Y, Lu R, Dong X, Xu J, Zheng D, Li S, Gao Q, Liu S. Synthesis and Biological Profiling of Novel Strigolactone Derivatives for Arabidopsis Growth and Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12859-12874. [PMID: 37602432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The artificially synthesized strigolactone (SL) analogue GR24 is currently the most widely used reference compound in studying the biological functions of SLs. To elucidate the structure-activity relationship and find more promising derivatives with unique molecular profiles, we design and synthesized three series of novel GR24 derivatives and explored their activities in hypocotyl and root development of Arabidopsis. Among the 50 synthesized compounds, A11a, A12a, and A20d were found to have high activities comparable to GR24 for hypocotyl and/or primary root elongation inhibition in Arabidopsis. Some new analogues have been discovered to exhibit unique activities: (1) A20c, A21e, and A21o are specific inhibitors in primary root elongation; (2) A21c, A26c, and A27a exhibit a high promotion effect on Arabidopsis primary root elongation; and (3) A27e possesses the most unique profiles completely opposite to GR24 that promotes both hypocotyl elongation and primary root development. Moreover, we revealed that the AtD14 receptor does not affect the inhibitory effect of SL analogues in Arabidopsis root development. The ligand-receptor interactions for the most representative analogues A11a and A27e were deciphered with a long time scale molecular dynamics simulation study, which provides the molecular basis of their distinct functions, and may help scientists design novel phytohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, P. R. China
| | - Suhua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhi Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Department of Biology, Gudui BioPharma Technology Inc., 5 Lanyuan Road, Huayuan Industrial Park, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Plus, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education of China), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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Kawada K, Saito T, Onoda S, Inayama T, Takahashi I, Seto Y, Nomura T, Sasaki Y, Asami T, Yajima S, Ito S. Synthesis of Carlactone Derivatives to Develop a Novel Inhibitor of Strigolactone Biosynthesis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13855-13862. [PMID: 37091382 PMCID: PMC10116532 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), phytohormones that inhibit shoot branching in plants, promote the germination of root-parasitic plants, such as Striga spp. and Orobanche spp., which drastically reduces the crop yield. Therefore, reducing SL production via chemical treatment may increase the crop yield. To design specific inhibitors, it is valid to utilize the substrate structure of the target proteins as lead compounds. In this study, we focused on Os900, a rice enzyme that oxidizes the SL precursor carlactone (CL) to 4-deoxyorobanchol (4DO), and synthesized 10 CL derivatives. The effects of the synthesized CL derivatives on SL biosynthesis were evaluated by the Os900 enzyme assay in vitro and by measuring 4DO levels in rice root exudates. We identified some CL derivatives that inhibited SL biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Kawada
- Department
of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Saito
- Department
of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Satoshi Onoda
- Department
of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Takuma Inayama
- Department
of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Ikuo Takahashi
- Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Seto
- Department
of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1
Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Takahito Nomura
- Center
for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya
University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sasaki
- Department
of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Tadao Asami
- Graduate
School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yajima
- Department
of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Ito
- Department
of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
- . Phone: +81-3-5477-2460
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12
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Chen J, Shukla D. Effect of histidine covalent modification on strigolactone receptor activation and selectivity. Biophys J 2023; 122:1219-1228. [PMID: 36798027 PMCID: PMC10111262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The parasitic weed Striga has led to billions of dollars' worth of agricultural productivity loss worldwide. Striga detects host plants using compounds of the strigolactone class of phytohormones. Early steps in the strigolactone signaling pathway involve substrate binding and hydrolysis followed by a conformational change to an "active" or "closed" state, after which it associates with a MAX2-family downstream signaling partner. The structures of the inactive and active states of strigolactone receptors are known through X-ray crystallography, and the transition pathway from the inactive to active state in apo receptors has previously been characterized using molecular dynamics simulations. However, it also has been suggested that a covalent butenolide modification of the receptor on the catalytic histidine through substrate hydrolysis promotes formation of the active state. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the presence of the covalent butenolide enhances activation in both AtD14, a receptor found in Arabidopsis, and ShHTL7, a receptor found in Striga, but the enhancement is ∼50 times greater in ShHTL7. We also show that several conserved interactions with the covalent butenolide modification promote transition to the active state in both AtD14 (non-parasite) and ShHTL7 (parasite). Finally, we demonstrate that the enhanced activation of ShHTL7 likely results from disruption of ShHTL7-specific histidine interactions that inhibited activation in the apo case. These results provide a possible explanation for difference in strigolactone sensitivity seen between different strigolactone-sensitive proteins and can be used to aid the design of selective modulators to control Striga parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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13
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Albanova IA, Zagorchev LI, Teofanova DR, Odjakova MK, Kutueva LI, Ashapkin VV. Host Resistance to Parasitic Plants-Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1447. [PMID: 37050073 PMCID: PMC10096732 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic flowering plants represent a diverse group of angiosperms, ranging from exotic species with limited distribution to prominent weeds, causing significant yield losses in agricultural crops. The major damage caused by them is related to the extraction of water and nutrients from the host, thus decreasing vegetative growth, flowering, and seed production. Members of the root parasites of the Orobanchaceae family and stem parasites of the genus Cuscuta are among the most aggressive and damaging weeds, affecting both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops worldwide. Their control and eradication are hampered by the extreme seed longevity and persistence in soil, as well as their taxonomic position, which makes it difficult to apply selective herbicides not damaging to the hosts. The selection of resistant cultivars is among the most promising approaches to deal with this matter, although still not widely employed due to limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of host resistance and inheritance. The current review aims to summarize the available information on host resistance with a focus on agriculturally important parasitic plants and to outline the future perspectives of resistant crop cultivar selection to battle the global threat of parasitic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanela A. Albanova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyuben I. Zagorchev
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa R. Teofanova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariela K. Odjakova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyudmila I. Kutueva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Vasily V. Ashapkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
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14
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Hayashi K, Kato N, Bashir K, Nomoto H, Nakayama M, Chini A, Takahashi S, Saito H, Watanabe R, Takaoka Y, Tanaka M, Nagano AJ, Seki M, Solano R, Ueda M. Subtype-selective agonists of plant hormone co-receptor COI1-JAZs identified from the stereoisomers of coronatine. Commun Biol 2023; 6:320. [PMID: 36966228 PMCID: PMC10039919 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe genetic redundancy is particularly clear in gene families encoding plant hormone receptors, each subtype sharing redundant and specific functions. Genetic redundancy of receptor family members represents a major challenge for the functional dissection of each receptor subtype. A paradigmatic example is the perception of the hormone (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine, perceived by several COI1-JAZ complexes; the specific role of each receptor subtype still remains elusive. Subtype-selective agonists of the receptor are valuable tools for analyzing the responses regulated by individual receptor subtypes. We constructed a stereoisomer library consisting of all stereochemical isomers of coronatine (COR), a mimic of the plant hormone (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine, to identify subtype-selective agonists for COI1-JAZ co-receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum. An agonist selective for the Arabidopsis COI1-JAZ9 co-receptor efficiently revealed that JAZ9 is not involved in most of the gene downregulation caused by COR, and the degradation of JAZ9-induced defense without inhibiting growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nobuki Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Khurram Bashir
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, 54792, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haruna Nomoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Misuzu Nakayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Andrea Chini
- Plant Molecular Genetics Department, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus University Autonoma, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Japan
| | - Raku Watanabe
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Maho Tanaka
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi J Nagano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, 997-0017, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Roberto Solano
- Plant Molecular Genetics Department, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus University Autonoma, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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15
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Waters MT, Nelson DC. Karrikin perception and signalling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1525-1541. [PMID: 36333982 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Karrikins (KARs) are a class of butenolide compounds found in smoke that were first identified as seed germination stimulants for fire-following species. Early studies of KARs classified the germination and postgermination responses of many plant species and investigated crosstalk with plant hormones that regulate germination. The discovery that Arabidopsis thaliana responds to KARs laid the foundation for identifying mutants with altered KAR responses. Genetic analysis of KAR signalling revealed an unexpected link to strigolactones (SLs), a class of carotenoid-derived plant hormones. Substantial progress has since been made towards understanding how KARs are perceived and regulate plant growth, in no small part due to advances in understanding SL perception. KAR and SL signalling systems are evolutionarily related and retain a high degree of similarity. There is strong evidence that KARs are natural analogues of an endogenous signal(s), KAI2 ligand (KL), which remains unknown. KAR/KL signalling regulates many developmental processes in plants including germination, seedling photomorphogenesis, and root and root hair growth. KAR/KL signalling also affects abiotic stress responses and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Here, we summarise the current knowledge of KAR/KL signalling and discuss current controversies and unanswered questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Waters
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - David C Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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16
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Ito S. Recent advances in the regulation of root parasitic weed damage by strigolactone-related chemicals. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:247-255. [PMID: 36610999 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Root parasitic weeds such as Striga spp. and Orobanche spp. dramatically reduce the yields of important agricultural crops and cause economic losses of over billions of US dollars worldwide. One reason for the damage by root parasitic weeds is that they germinate after specifically recognizing the host cues, strigolactones (SLs). SLs were identified ˃50 years ago as germination stimulants for root parasitic weeds, and various studies have been conducted to control parasitic weeds using SLs and related chemicals. Recently, biochemical and molecular biological approaches have revealed the SL biosynthesis and SL receptors; using these findings, various SL-related chemicals have been developed. This review summarizes recent research on SLs and their related chemicals for controlling root parasitic weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsaku Ito
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Synthesis and Germination Activity Study of Novel Strigolactam /Strigolactone Analogues. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Taoka KI, Kawahara I, Shinya S, Harada KI, Yamashita E, Shimatani Z, Furuita K, Muranaka T, Oyama T, Terada R, Nakagawa A, Fujiwara T, Tsuji H, Kojima C. Multifunctional chemical inhibitors of the florigen activation complex discovered by structure-based high-throughput screening. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1337-1349. [PMID: 36288411 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Structure-based high-throughput screening of chemical compounds that target protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a promising technology for gaining insight into how plant development is regulated, leading to many potential agricultural applications. At present, there are no examples of using high-throughput screening to identify chemicals that target plant transcriptional complexes, some of which are responsible for regulating multiple physiological functions. Florigen, a protein encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), was initially identified as a molecule that promotes flowering and has since been shown to regulate flowering and other developmental phenomena such as tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum). FT functions as a component of the florigen activation complex (FAC) with a 14-3-3 scaffold protein and FD, a bZIP transcription factor that activates downstream gene expression. Although 14-3-3 is an important component of FAC, little is known about the function of the 14-3-3 protein itself. Here, we report the results of a high-throughput in vitro fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) screening of chemical libraries that enabled us to identify small molecules capable of inhibiting FAC formation. These molecules abrogate the in vitro interaction between the 14-3-3 protein and the OsFD1 peptide, a rice (Oryza sativa) FD, by directly binding to the 14-3-3 protein. Treatment with S4, a specific hit molecule, strongly inhibited FAC activity and flowering in duckweed, tuber formation in potato, and branching in rice in a dose-dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that the high-throughput screening approach based on the three-dimensional structure of PPIs is suitable in plants. In this study, we have proposed good candidate compounds for future modification to obtain inhibitors of florigen-dependent processes through inhibition of FAC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Taoka
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kawahara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoko Shinya
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Harada
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamashita
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zenpei Shimatani
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Furuita
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Tokitaka Oyama
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Rie Terada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Tsuji
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chojiro Kojima
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
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19
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Yata A, Nosaki S, Yoda A, Nomura T, Miura K. Production and stably maintenance of strigolactone by transient expression of biosynthetic enzymes in Nicotiana benthamiana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027004. [PMID: 36388605 PMCID: PMC9650523 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are phytohormones that play an essential role in plant-microbe interactions. The instability of SLs makes it challenging to use them for application to agriculture. In this study, we successfully produced a large amount of the 4-deoxyorobanchol (4DO), one of SLs, in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana, using a transient expression system to express SL biosynthetic enzymes. Using this system, the yield of 4DO was 2.1 ± 0.3 μg/gFM (fresh mass). Treatment of leaves at 80°C for 16 h killed Agrobacterium and approximately half amount of 4DO was left in the leaves (1.0 μg/gFM (calculated based on the original FM) ± 0.3). Interestingly, incubation of dried leaves at room temperature for 1 month maintained an almost equal amount of 4DO (0.9 ± 0.2 μg/gFM) in the leaves. These results suggest that high accumulation of 4DO with stability for long periods can be achieved in plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yata
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shohei Nosaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center (T-PIRC), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Yoda
- Department of Biological Production Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Takahito Nomura
- Department of Biological Production Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Kenji Miura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center (T-PIRC), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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20
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Xi J, Lei B, Liu Y, Ding Z, Liu J, Xu T, Hou L, Han S, Qian X, Ma Y, Xue Q, Gao J, Gu J, Tiedje JM, Lin Y. Microbial community roles and chemical mechanisms in the parasitic development of Orobanche cumana. IMETA 2022; 1:e31. [PMID: 38868712 PMCID: PMC10989955 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Orobanche cumana Wallr. is a holoparasite weed that extracts water and nutrients from its host the sunflower, thereby causing yield reductions and quality losses. However, the number of O. cumana parasites in the same farmland is distinctly different. The roots of some hosts have been heavily parasitized, while others have not been parasitized. What are the factors contributing to this phenomenon? Is it possible that sunflower interroot microorganisms are playing a regulatory role in this phenomenon? The role of the microbial community in this remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere soil microbiome for sunflowers with different degrees of O. cumana parasitism, that is, healthy, light infection, moderate infection, and severe infection on the sunflower roots. The microbial structures differed significantly according to the degree of parasitism, where Xanthomonadaceae was enriched in severe infections. Metagenomic analyses revealed that amino acid, carbohydrate, energy, and lipid metabolism were increased in the rhizosphere soils of severely infected sunflowers, which were attributed to the proliferation of Lysobacter. Lysobacter antibioticus (HX79) was isolated and its capacity to promote O. cumana seed germination and increase the germ tube length was confirmed by germination and pot experiments. Cyclo(Pro-Val), an active metabolite of strain HX79, was identified and metabolomic and molecular docking approaches confirmed it was responsible for promoting O. cumana seed germination and growth. And we found that Pseudomonas mandelii HX1 inhibited the growth of O. cumana in the host rhizosphere soil. Our findings clarify the role of rhizosphere microbiota in regulating the parasite O. cumana to possibly facilitate the development of a new weed suppression strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Xi
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Beilei Lei
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of BioinformaticsNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yong‐Xin Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zanbo Ding
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Tengqi Xu
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Lijun Hou
- Department of Natural Resource SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Siqi Han
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xun Qian
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Soil Microbial Ecology and Land Sustainable Productivity in Dry AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yongqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry Land FarmingInstitute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Quanhong Xue
- College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Jinming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical BiologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Jie Gu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Soil Microbial Ecology and Land Sustainable Productivity in Dry AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - James M. Tiedje
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Soil Microbial Ecology and Land Sustainable Productivity in Dry AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Center for Microbial EcologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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21
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Kawada K, Koyama T, Takahashi I, Nakamura H, Asami T. Emerging technologies for the chemical control of root parasitic weeds. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2022; 47:101-110. [PMID: 36479457 PMCID: PMC9706279 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d22-045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae family include devastating weed species, such as Striga, Orobanche, and Phelipanche, which parasitize major crops, drastically reduces crop yields and cause economic losses of over a billion US dollars worldwide. Advances in basic research on molecular and cellular processes responsible for parasitic relationships has now achieved steady progress through advances in genome analysis, biochemical analysis and structural biology. On the basis of these advances it is now possible to develop chemicals that control parasitism and reduce agricultural damage. In this review we summarized the recent development of chemicals that can control each step of parasitism from strigolactone biosynthesis in host plants to haustorium formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Kawada
- Graduade School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Tomoyuki Koyama
- Graduade School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Ikuo Takahashi
- Graduade School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hidemitsu Nakamura
- Graduade School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Tadao Asami
- Graduade School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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22
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Probing strigolactone perception mechanisms with rationally designed small-molecule agonists stimulating germination of root parasitic weeds. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3987. [PMID: 35810153 PMCID: PMC9271048 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of potent strigolactone (SL) agonists as suicidal germination inducers could be a useful strategy for controlling root parasitic weeds, but uncertainty about the SL perception mechanism impedes real progress. Here we describe small-molecule agonists that efficiently stimulate Phelipanchce aegyptiaca, and Striga hermonthica, germination in concentrations as low as 10−8 to 10−17 M. We show that full efficiency of synthetic SL agonists in triggering signaling through the Striga SL receptor, ShHTL7, depends on the receptor-catalyzed hydrolytic reaction of the agonists. Additionally, we reveal that the stereochemistry of synthetic SL analogs affects the hydrolytic ability of ShHTL7 by influencing the probability of the privileged conformations of ShHTL7. Importantly, an alternative ShHTL7-mediated hydrolysis mechanism, proceeding via nucleophilic attack of the NE2 atom of H246 to the 2′C of the D-ring, is reported. Together, our findings provide insight into SL hydrolysis and structure-perception mechanisms, and potent suicide germination stimulants, which would contribute to the elimination of the noxious parasitic weeds. Strigolactone agonists could potentially help control noxious weeds by promoting suicidal germination. Here the authors describe a series of small molecule agonists that stimulate germination via the Striga ShHTL7 receptor and show that stereochemistry and hydrolysis-independent signalling mediate potency.
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23
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Hu J, Li K, Deng C, Gong Y, Liu Y, Wang L. Seed Germination Ecology of Semiparasitic Weed Pedicularis kansuensis in Alpine Grasslands. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131777. [PMID: 35807730 PMCID: PMC9268997 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The semiparasitic weed Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. has rapidly spread in the alpine grasslands of northern China over the past twenty years and has caused serious ecological problems. In order to effectively halt the spread of this weed, a thorough understanding of the dormancy type and the seed-germination ecology of P. kansuensis is required. We have conducted a series of experiments to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators (gibberellin (GA3) and strigolactone synthesis (GR24)), as well as different abiotic (temperature, light, cold stratification, and drought) and biotic (aqueous extracts of three native dominant plants) factors on the seed-germination characteristics of P. kansuensis. The seed-germination percentages ranged from 2% to 62% at all of the temperatures that were examined, with the highest occurring at 25/10 °C. The light conditions did not significantly affect the germination percentage. The seed germination was greatly improved after two to eight weeks of cold stratification. The seed germination decreased dramatically with an increasing polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) concentration, from 55% to 0%, under 10% and 20% PEG-6000. The seed germination was improved at a proper concentration of GA3, GR24, and the aqueous extracts of Festuca ovina L., Stipa purpurea L., and Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvel. Furthermore, in the pot experiment, the seedling emergence of P. kansuensis was also improved by the cultivation of these three dominant grasses. These findings indicate that the dormancy type of P. kansuensis seeds is non-deep physiological dormancy, and such findings will help in paving the way for the creation of effective weed management strategies, based on a thorough knowledge of germination ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiedong Hu
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (J.H.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaihui Li
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (J.H.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
- Bayinbuluk Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bayinbuluk 841314, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-991-7885410 (K.L.); +86-991-7823189 (L.W.); Fax: +86-991-7885320 (K.L. & L.W.)
| | - Chengjun Deng
- Engineer, Grassland Station of Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, Korla 841000, China;
| | - Yanming Gong
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (J.H.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
- Bayinbuluk Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bayinbuluk 841314, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (J.H.); (Y.G.); (Y.L.)
- Bayinbuluk Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bayinbuluk 841314, China
| | - Lei Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-991-7885410 (K.L.); +86-991-7823189 (L.W.); Fax: +86-991-7885320 (K.L. & L.W.)
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de Saint Germain A, Clavé G, Schouveiler P, Pillot JP, Singh AV, Chevalier A, Daignan Fornier S, Guillory A, Bonhomme S, Rameau C, Boyer FD. Expansion of the Strigolactone Profluorescent Probes Repertory: The Right Probe for the Right Application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:887347. [PMID: 35720613 PMCID: PMC9201908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are intriguing phytohormones that not only regulate plant development and architecture but also interact with other organisms in the rhizosphere as root parasitic plants (Striga, Orobanche, and Phelipanche) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Starting with a pioneering work in 2003 for the isolation and identification of the SL receptor in parasitic weeds, fluorescence labeling of analogs has proven a major strategy to gain knowledge in SL perception and signaling. Here, we present novel chemical tools for understanding the SL perception based on the enzymatic properties of SL receptors. We designed different profluorescent SL Guillaume Clavé (GC) probes and performed structure-activity relationship studies on pea, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Physcomitrium (formerly Physcomitrella) patens. The binding of the GC probes to PsD14/RMS3, AtD14, and OsD14 proteins was tested. We demonstrated that coumarin-based profluorescent probes were highly bioactive and well-adapted to dissect the enzymatic properties of SL receptors in pea and a resorufin profluorescent probe in moss, contrary to the commercially available fluorescein profluorescent probe, Yoshimulactone Green (YLG). These probes offer novel opportunities for the studies of SL in various plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Clavé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paul Schouveiler
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pillot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Abhay-Veer Singh
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Arnaud Chevalier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Suzanne Daignan Fornier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ambre Guillory
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Sandrine Bonhomme
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - Catherine Rameau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Versailles, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Okazawa A, Baba A, Okano H, Tokunaga T, Nakaue T, Ogawa T, Shimma S, Sugimoto Y, Ohta D. Involvement of α-galactosidase OmAGAL2 in planteose hydrolysis during seed germination of Orobanche minor. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1992-2004. [PMID: 34850875 PMCID: PMC8982430 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Root parasitic weeds of the Orobanchaceae, such as witchweeds (Striga spp.) and broomrapes (Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.), cause serious losses in agriculture worldwide, and efforts have been made to control these parasitic weeds. Understanding the characteristic physiological processes in the life cycle of root parasitic weeds is particularly important to identify specific targets for growth modulators. In our previous study, planteose metabolism was revealed to be activated soon after the perception of strigolactones in germinating seeds of O. minor. Nojirimycin inhibited planteose metabolism and impeded seed germination of O. minor, indicating a possible target for root parasitic weed control. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of planteose in dry seeds of O. minor by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging. Planteose was detected in tissues surrounding-but not within-the embryo, supporting its suggested role as a storage carbohydrate. Biochemical assays and molecular characterization of an α-galactosidase family member, OmAGAL2, indicated that the enzyme is involved in planteose hydrolysis in the apoplast around the embryo after the perception of strigolactones, to provide the embryo with essential hexoses for germination. These results indicate that OmAGAL2 is a potential molecular target for root parasitic weed control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okazawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Atsuya Baba
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hikaru Okano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tokunaga
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Nakaue
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Takumi Ogawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Shuichi Shimma
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisaku Ohta
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
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Suzuki T, Kuruma M, Seto Y. A New Series of Strigolactone Analogs Derived From Cinnamic Acids as Germination Inducers for Root Parasitic Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843362. [PMID: 35422835 PMCID: PMC9002265 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Root parasitic plants such as Striga and Orobanche cause significant damage on crop production, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Their seeds germinate by sensing host root-derived signaling molecules called strigolactones (SLs). SL mimics can be used as suicidal germination inducers for root parasitic plants. Previous attempts to develop such chemicals have revealed that the methylbutenolide ring (D-ring), a common substructure in all the naturally occurring SLs, is critical for SL agonistic activity, suggesting that it should be possible to generate new SL mimics simply by coupling a D-ring with another molecule. Because structural information regarding SLs and their receptor interaction is still limited, such an approach might be an effective strategy to develop new potent SL agonists. Here, we report development of a series of new SL analogs derived from cinnamic acid (CA), the basis of a class of phenylpropanoid natural products that occur widely in plants. CA has an aromatic ring and a double-bond side-chain structure, which are advantageous for preparing structurally diverse derivatives. We prepared SL analogs from cis and trans configuration CA, and found that all the cis-CA-derived SL analogs had stronger activities as seed germination inducers for the root parasitic plants, Orobanche minor and Striga hermonthica, compared with the corresponding trans-CA-derived analogs. Moreover, introduction of a substitution at the C-4 position increased the germination-stimulating activity. We also found that the SL analogs derived from cis-CA were able to interact directly with SL receptor proteins more effectively than the analogs derived from trans-CA. The cis isomer of CA was previously reported to have a growth promoting effect on non-parasitic plants such as Arabidopsis. We found that SL analogs derived from cis-CA also showed growth promoting activity toward Arabidopsis, suggesting that these new SL agonists might be useful not only as suicidal germination inducers for root parasitic weeds, but also as plant growth promoters for the host plants.
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Mallu TS, Irafasha G, Mutinda S, Owuor E, Githiri SM, Odeny DA, Runo S. Mechanisms of pre-attachment Striga resistance in sorghum through genome-wide association studies. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:751-762. [PMID: 35305146 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Witchweeds (Striga spp.) greatly limit production of Africa's most staple crops. These parasitic plants use strigolactones (SLs)-chemical germination stimulants, emitted from host's roots to germinate, and locate their hosts for invasion. This information exchange provides opportunities for controlling the parasite by either stimulating parasite seed germination without a host (suicidal germination) or by inhibiting parasite seed germination (pre-attachment resistance). We sought to determine genetic factors that underpin Striga pre-attachment resistance in sorghum using the genome wide association study (GWAS) approach. Results revealed that Striga germination was associated with genes encoding hormone signaling functions, e.g., the Novel interactor of jaz (NINJA) and, Abscisic acid-insensitive 5 (ABI5). This pointed toward abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) as probable determinants of Striga germination. To test this hypothesis, we conditioned Striga using: ABA, ABA + its inhibitor fluridone (FLU), GA or water. Unexpectedly, Striga conditioned with FLU germinated after 4 days without SL. Upon germination stimulation using sorghum root exudate or the synthetic SL GR24, we found that ABA conditioned seeds had above 20-fold reduction in germination. Conversely, FLU conditioned seeds recorded above 20-fold increase in germination. Conditioning with GA reduced Striga seed germination 1.5-fold only in the GR24 treatment. Germination assays using seeds of a related parasitic plant (Alectra vogelii) showed similar degrees of stimulation and reduction of germination by the hormones further affirming the hormonal crosstalk. Our findings have far-reaching implications in the control of some of the most noxious pathogens of crops in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfamichael S Mallu
- Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gilles Irafasha
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sylvia Mutinda
- Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Erick Owuor
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, P. O. Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephen M Githiri
- Department of Horticulture and Food Security, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Damaris A Odeny
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, P. O. Box 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Steven Runo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Jamil M, Wang JY, Yonli D, Patil RH, Riyazaddin M, Gangashetty P, Berqdar L, Chen GTE, Traore H, Margueritte O, Zwanenburg B, Bhoge SE, Al-Babili S. A New Formulation for Strigolactone Suicidal Germination Agents, towards Successful Striga Management. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060808. [PMID: 35336692 PMCID: PMC8955415 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Striga hermonthica, a member of the Orobanchaceae family, is an obligate root parasite of staple cereal crops, which poses a tremendous threat to food security, contributing to malnutrition and poverty in many African countries. Depleting Striga seed reservoirs from infested soils is one of the crucial approaches to minimize subterranean damage to crops. The dependency of Striga germination on the host-released strigolactones (SLs) has prompted the development of the "Suicidal Germination" strategy to reduce the accumulated seed bank of Striga. The success of aforementioned strategy depends not only on the activity of the applied SL analogs, but also requires suitable application protocol with simple, efficient, and handy formulation for rain-fed African agriculture. Here, we developed a new formulation "Emulsifiable Concentration (EC)" for the two previously field-assessed SL analogs Methyl phenlactonoate 3 (MP3) and Nijmegen-1. The new EC formulation was evaluated for biological activities under lab, greenhouse, mini-field, and field conditions in comparison to the previously used Atlas G-1086 formulation. The EC formulation of SL analogs showed better activities on Striga germination with lower EC50 and high stability under Lab conditions. Moreover, EC formulated SL analogs at 1.0 µM concentrations reduced 89-99% Striga emergence in greenhouse. The two EC formulated SL analogs showed also a considerable reduction in Striga emergence in mini-field and field experiments. In conclusion, we have successfully developed a desired formulation for applying SL analogs as suicidal agents for large-scale field application. The encouraging results presented in this study pave the way for integrating the suicidal germination approach in sustainable Striga management strategies for African agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jamil
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (M.J.); (J.Y.W.); (L.B.); (G.-T.E.C.)
| | - Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (M.J.); (J.Y.W.); (L.B.); (G.-T.E.C.)
| | - Djibril Yonli
- Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou 04 BP 8645, Burkina Faso; (D.Y.); (H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Rohit H. Patil
- UPL House, Express Highway, Bandra-East, Mumbai 400 051, Maharashtra, India; (R.H.P.); (S.E.B.)
| | - Mohammed Riyazaddin
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niamey BP 12404, Niger; (M.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Prakash Gangashetty
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niamey BP 12404, Niger; (M.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Lamis Berqdar
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (M.J.); (J.Y.W.); (L.B.); (G.-T.E.C.)
| | - Guan-Ting Erica Chen
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (M.J.); (J.Y.W.); (L.B.); (G.-T.E.C.)
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamidou Traore
- Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou 04 BP 8645, Burkina Faso; (D.Y.); (H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Ouedraogo Margueritte
- Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou 04 BP 8645, Burkina Faso; (D.Y.); (H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Binne Zwanenburg
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Satish Ekanath Bhoge
- UPL House, Express Highway, Bandra-East, Mumbai 400 051, Maharashtra, India; (R.H.P.); (S.E.B.)
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (M.J.); (J.Y.W.); (L.B.); (G.-T.E.C.)
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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29
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White ARF, Mendez JA, Khosla A, Nelson DC. Rapid analysis of strigolactone receptor activity in a Nicotiana benthamiana dwarf14 mutant. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e389. [PMID: 35355884 PMCID: PMC8948499 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
DWARF14 (D14) is an ɑ/β-hydrolase and receptor for the plant hormone strigolactone (SL) in angiosperms. Upon SL perception, D14 works with MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) to trigger polyubiquitination and degradation of DWARF53(D53)-type proteins in the SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE (SMXL) family. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate knockout alleles of the two homoeologous D14 genes in the Nicotiana benthamiana genome. The Nbd14a,b double mutant had several phenotypes that are consistent with the loss of SL perception in other plants, including increased axillary bud outgrowth, reduced height, shortened petioles, and smaller leaves. A ratiometric fluorescent reporter system was used to monitor degradation of SMXL7 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSMXL7) after transient expression in N. benthamiana and treatment with the strigolactone analog GR24. AtSMXL7 was degraded after treatment with GR245DS, which has the stereochemical configuration of natural SLs, as well as its enantiomer GR24 ent-5DS. In Nbd14a,b leaves, AtSMXL7 abundance was unaffected by rac-GR24 or either GR24 stereoisomer. Transient coexpression of AtD14 with the AtSMXL7 reporter in Nbd14a,b restored the degradation response to rac-GR24, but required an active catalytic triad. We used this platform to evaluate the ability of several AtD14 mutants that had not been characterized in plants to target AtSMXL7 for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. F. White
- Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jose A. Mendez
- Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Aashima Khosla
- Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - David C. Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
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Miura H, Ochi R, Nishiwaki H, Yamauchi S, Xie X, Nakamura H, Yoneyama K, Yoneyama K. Germination Stimulant Activity of Isothiocyanates on Phelipanche spp. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:606. [PMID: 35270076 PMCID: PMC8912868 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The root parasitic weed broomrapes, Phelipanche spp., cause severe damage to agriculture all over the world. They have a special host-dependent lifecycle and their seeds can germinate only when they receive chemical signals released from host roots. Our previous study demonstrated that 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate is an active germination stimulant for P. ramosa in root exudates of oilseed rape. In the present study, 21 commercially available ITCs were examined for P. ramosa seed germination stimulation, and some important structural features of ITCs for exhibiting P. ramosa seed germination stimulation have been uncovered. Structural optimization of ITC for germination stimulation resulted in ITCs that are highly active to P. ramosa. Interestingly, these ITCs induced germination of P. aegyptiaca but not Orobanche minor or Striga hermonthica. P. aegyptiaca seeds collected from mature plants parasitizing different hosts responded to these ITCs with different levels of sensitivity. ITCs have the potential to be used as inducers of suicidal germination of Phelipanche seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Miura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.M.); (R.O.); (H.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Ryota Ochi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.M.); (R.O.); (H.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Hisashi Nishiwaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.M.); (R.O.); (H.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.M.); (R.O.); (H.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Xiaonan Xie
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan; (X.X.); (K.Y.)
| | - Hidemitsu Nakamura
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan; (X.X.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kaori Yoneyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan; (H.M.); (R.O.); (H.N.); (S.Y.)
- Japan Science and Technology, PRESTO, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
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31
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Chen J, Nelson DC, Shukla D. Activation Mechanism of Strigolactone Receptors and Its Impact on Ligand Selectivity between Host and Parasitic Plants. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:1712-1722. [PMID: 35192364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic weeds such as Striga have led to significant losses in agricultural productivity worldwide. These weeds use the plant hormone strigolactone as a germination stimulant. Strigolactone signaling involves substrate hydrolysis followed by a conformational change of the receptor to a "closed" or "active" state that associates with a signaling partner, MAX2/D3. Crystal structures of active and inactive AtD14 receptors have helped elucidate the structural changes involved in activation. However, the mechanism by which the receptor activates remains unknown. The ligand dependence of AtD14 activation has been disputed by mutagenesis studies showing that enzymatically inactive receptors are able to associate with MAX2 proteins. Furthermore, activation differences between strigolactone receptor in Striga, ShHTL7, and AtD14 could contribute to the high sensitivity to strigolactones exhibited by parasitic plants. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that both AtD14 and ShHTL7 could adopt an active conformation in the absence of ligand. However, ShHTL7 exhibits a higher population in the inactive apo state as compared to the AtD14 receptor. We demonstrate that this difference in inactive state population is caused by sequence differences between their D-loops and interactions with the catalytic histidine that prevent full binding pocket closure in ShHTL7. These results indicate that ligand hydrolysis would enhance the active state population by destabilizing the inactive state in ShHTL7 as compared to AtD14. We also show that the mechanism of activation is more concerted in AtD14 than in ShHTL7 and that the main barrier to activation in ShHTL7 is closing of the binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David C Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Arellano-Saab A, McErlean CSP, Lumba S, Savchenko A, Stogios PJ, McCourt P. A novel strigolactone receptor antagonist provides insights into the structural inhibition, conditioning, and germination of the crop parasite Striga. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101734. [PMID: 35181340 PMCID: PMC9035408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop parasites of the Striga genera are a major biological deterrent to food security in Africa and are one of the largest obstacles to poverty alleviation on the continent. Striga seeds germinate by sensing small-molecule hormones, strigolactones (SLs), that emanate from host roots. Although SL receptors (Striga hermonthica HYPOSENSITIVE TO LIGHT [ShHTL]) have been identified, discerning their function has been difficult because these parasites cannot be easily grown under laboratory conditions. Moreover, many Striga species are obligate outcrossers that are not transformable, hence not amenable to genetic analysis. By combining phenotypic screening with ShHTL structural information and hybrid drug discovery methods, we discovered a potent SL perception inhibitor for Striga, dormirazine (DOZ). Structural analysis of this piperazine-based antagonist reveals a novel binding mechanism, distinct from that of known SLs, blocking access of the hormone to its receptor. Furthermore, DOZ reduces the flexibility of protein–protein interaction domains important for receptor signaling to downstream partners. In planta, we show, via temporal additions of DOZ, that SL receptors are required at a specific time during seed conditioning. This conditioning is essential to prime seed germination at the right time; thus, this SL-sensitive stage appears to be critical for adequate receptor signaling. Aside from uncovering a function for ShHTL during seed conditioning, these results suggest that future Ag-Biotech Solutions to Striga infestations will need to carefully time the application of antagonists to exploit receptor availability and outcompete natural SLs, critical elements for successful parasitic plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Arellano-Saab
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada
| | | | - Shelley Lumba
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter J Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto. Toronto, ON. M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Peter McCourt
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada
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Zarban RA, Hameed UFS, Jamil M, Ota T, Wang JY, Arold ST, Asami T, Al-Babili S. Rational design of Striga hermonthica-specific seed germination inhibitors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1369-1384. [PMID: 34850204 PMCID: PMC8825254 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The obligate hemiparasitic weed Striga hermonthica grows on cereal roots and presents a severe threat to global food security by causing enormous yield losses, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The rapidly increasing Striga seed bank in infested soils provides a major obstacle in controlling this weed. Striga seeds require host-derived strigolactones (SLs) for germination, and corresponding antagonists could be used as germination inhibitors. Recently, we demonstrated that the common detergent Triton X-100 is a specific inhibitor of Striga seed germination by binding noncovalently to its receptor, S. hermonthica HYPO-SENSITIVE TO LIGHT 7 (ShHTL7), without blocking the rice (Oryza sativa) SL receptor DWARF14 (OsD14). Moreover, triazole ureas, the potent covalently binding antagonists of rice SL perception with much higher activity toward OsD14, showed inhibition of Striga but were less specific. Considering that Triton X-100 is not suitable for field application and by combining structural elements of Triton and triazole urea, we developed two hybrid compounds, KK023-N1 and KK023-N2, as potential Striga-specific germination inhibitors. Both compounds blocked the hydrolysis activity of ShHTL7 but did not affect that of OsD14. Binding of KK023-N1 diminished ShHTL7 interaction with S. hermonthica MORE AXILLARY BRANCHING 2, a major component in SL signal transduction, and increased ShHTL7 thermal specificity. Docking studies indicate that KK023-N1 binding is not covalent but is caused by hydrophobic interactions. Finally, in vitro and greenhouse tests revealed specific inhibition of Striga seed germination, which led to a 38% reduction in Striga infestation in pot experiments. These findings reveal that KK023-N1 is a potential candidate for combating Striga and a promising basis for rational design and development of further Striga-specific herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa A Zarban
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umar F Shahul Hameed
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Computational Bioscience Research Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tsuyoshi Ota
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jian You Wang
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Computational Bioscience Research Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090 France
| | - Tadao Asami
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090 France
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Author for communication:
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Yu H, Yang L, Long H, Su X, Wang Y, Xing Q, Yao R, Zhang M, Chen L. Strigolactone signaling complex formation in yeast: A paradigm for studying hormone-induced receptor interaction with multiple downstream proteins. Methods Enzymol 2022; 674:519-541. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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de Saint Germain A, Jacobs A, Brun G, Pouvreau JB, Braem L, Cornu D, Clavé G, Baudu E, Steinmetz V, Servajean V, Wicke S, Gevaert K, Simier P, Goormachtig S, Delavault P, Boyer FD. A Phelipanche ramosa KAI2 protein perceives strigolactones and isothiocyanates enzymatically. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100166. [PMID: 34746757 PMCID: PMC8553955 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phelipanche ramosa is an obligate root-parasitic weed that threatens major crops in central Europe. In order to germinate, it must perceive various structurally divergent host-exuded signals, including isothiocyanates (ITCs) and strigolactones (SLs). However, the receptors involved are still uncharacterized. Here, we identify five putative SL receptors in P. ramosa and show that PrKAI2d3 is involved in the stimulation of seed germination. We demonstrate the high plasticity of PrKAI2d3, which allows it to interact with different chemicals, including ITCs. The SL perception mechanism of PrKAI2d3 is similar to that of endogenous SLs in non-parasitic plants. We provide evidence that PrKAI2d3 enzymatic activity confers hypersensitivity to SLs. Additionally, we demonstrate that methylbutenolide-OH binds PrKAI2d3 and stimulates P. ramosa germination with bioactivity comparable to that of ITCs. This study demonstrates that P. ramosa has extended its signal perception system during evolution, a fact that should be considered for the development of specific and efficient biocontrol methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anse Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Brun
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Bernard Pouvreau
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lukas Braem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Cornu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Clavé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Baudu
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Vincent Servajean
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Susann Wicke
- Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Simier
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delavault
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales (LBPV), Equipe d’Accueil 1157, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Corresponding author
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Takikawa H. Studies on Strigolactone Based on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirosato Takikawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Chen J, White A, Nelson DC, Shukla D. Role of substrate recognition in modulating strigolactone receptor selectivity in witchweed. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101092. [PMID: 34437903 PMCID: PMC8487064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Witchweed, or Striga hermonthica, is a parasitic weed that destroys billions of dollars' worth of crops globally every year. Its germination is stimulated by strigolactones exuded by its host plants. Despite high sequence, structure, and ligand-binding site conservation across different plant species, one strigolactone receptor in witchweed, ShHTL7, uniquely exhibits a picomolar EC50 for downstream signaling. Previous biochemical and structural analyses have hypothesized that this unique ligand sensitivity can be attributed to a large binding pocket volume in ShHTL7 resulting in enhanced ability to bind substrates, but additional structural details of the substrate-binding process would help explain its role in modulating the ligand selectivity. Using long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that mutations at the entrance of the binding pocket facilitate a more direct ligand-binding pathway to ShHTL7, whereas hydrophobicity at the binding pocket entrance results in a stable “anchored” state. We also demonstrate that several residues on the D-loop of AtD14 stabilize catalytically inactive conformations. Finally, we show that strigolactone selectivity is not modulated by binding pocket volume. Our results indicate that while ligand binding is not the sole modulator of strigolactone receptor selectivity, it is a significant contributing factor. These results can be used to inform the design of selective antagonists for strigolactone receptors in witchweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexandra White
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - David C Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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Evaluation of Bioactivity of Strigolactone-Related Molecules by a Quantitative Luminometer Bioassay. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34028688 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1429-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The binding of strigolactones to their receptor, the α/β hydrolase DWARF14 (D14), leads to the modulation of transcriptional activity by destabilization of specific transcriptional corepressors via proteasomal degradation. Subsequently, strigolactones also promote D14 degradation by the same pathway. Here we describe an innovative quantitative bioassay based on Arabidopsis transgenic lines expressing AtD14 fused to the firefly luciferase, developed to identify new strigolactone analogs capable to activate the strigolactone signaling.
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Three mutations repurpose a plant karrikin receptor to a strigolactone receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103175118. [PMID: 34301902 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103175118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the basis of small-molecule hormone receptors' evolution is paramount to a complete understanding of how protein structure drives function. In plants, hormone receptors for strigolactones are well suited to evolutionary inquiries because closely related homologs have different ligand preferences. More importantly, because of facile plant transgenic systems, receptors can be swapped and quickly assessed functionally in vivo. Here, we show that only three mutations are required to turn the nonstrigolactone receptor, KAI2, into a receptor that recognizes the plant hormone strigolactone. This modified receptor still retains its native function to perceive KAI2 ligands. Our directed evolution studies indicate that only a few keystone mutations are required to increase receptor promiscuity of KAI2, which may have implications for strigolactone receptor evolution in parasitic plants.
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40
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Tryptophan derivatives regulate the seed germination and radicle growth of a root parasitic plant, Orobanche minor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 43:128085. [PMID: 33964445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Root parasitic plant germination is induced by the host-derived chemical, strigolactone (SL). We found that a major microbial culture broth component, tryptone, inhibits the SL-inducible germination of a root parasitic plant, Orobanche minor. l-tryptophan (l-Trp) was isolated as the active compound from tryptone. We further found that l-Trp related compounds (1b-11), such as a major plant hormone auxin (8, indole-3-acetic acid; IAA), also inhibit the germination and post-radicle growth of O. minor. We designed a hybrid chemical (13), in which IAA is attached to a part of SL, and found that this synthetic analog induced the germination of O. minor, and also inhibited post-radicle growth. Moreover, contrary to our expectations, we found that N-acetyl Trp (9) showed germination stimulating activity, and introduction of a substitution at C-5 position increased its activity (12a-12f). Our data, in particular, the discovery of a structurally hybrid compound that has two activities that induce spontaneous germination and inhibit subsequent radical growth, would provide new types of germination regulators for root parasitic plants.
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Li S, Li Y, Chen L, Zhang C, Wang F, Li H, Wang M, Wang Y, Nan F, Xie D, Yan J. Strigolactone mimic 2-nitrodebranone is highly active in Arabidopsis growth and development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:67-76. [PMID: 33860570 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones play crucial roles in regulating plant architecture and development, as endogenous hormones, and orchestrating symbiotic interactions with fungi and parasitic plants, as components of root exudates. rac-GR24 is currently the most widely used strigolactone analog and serves as a reference compound in investigating the action of strigolactones. In this study, we evaluated a suite of debranones and found that 2-nitrodebranone (2NOD) exhibited higher biological activity than rac-GR24 in various aspects of plant growth and development in Arabidopsis, including hypocotyl elongation inhibition, root hair promotion and senescence acceleration. The enhanced activity of 2NOD in promoting AtD14-SMXL7 and AtD14-MAX2 interactions indicates that the molecular structure of 2NOD is a better match for the ligand perception site pocket of D14. Moreover, 2NOD showed lower activity than rac-GR24 in promoting Orobanche cumana seed germination, suggesting its higher ability to control plant architecture than parasitic interactions. In combination with the improved stability of 2NOD, these results demonstrate that 2NOD is a strigolactone analog that can specifically mimic the activity of strigolactones and that 2NOD exhibits strong potential as a tool for studying the strigolactone signaling pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Linhai Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
| | - Fei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haiou Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yupei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fajun Nan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518124, China
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Okazawa A, Samejima H, Kitani S, Sugimoto Y, Ohta D. Germination stimulatory activity of bacterial butenolide hormones from Streptomyces albus J1074 on seeds of the root parasitic weed Orobanche minor. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2021; 46:242-247. [PMID: 34135687 PMCID: PMC8175218 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d21-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Damage caused by Orobanchaceae root parasitic weeds is a substantial agricultural problem for global food security. Many studies have been conducted to establish practical methods of control, but efforts are still required for successful management. Seed germination of root parasitic weeds requires host-derived germination stimulants including strigolactones (SLs). Studies on SLs have revealed that a butenolide ring is the essential moiety for SL activity as a germination stimulant. Interestingly, recent studies have revealed that butenolide hormones regulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and mediate communication in actinomycete bacteria. Because of the structural similarity between SLs and the bacterial butenolides, we evaluated the germination stimulatory activity of butenolides isolated from Streptomyces albus J1074 on root parasitic weeds. These butenolides were found to specifically induce seed germination of Orobanche minor. Our findings contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms of germination stimulant perception and to the development of a method for their biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Okazawa
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599–8531, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Samejima
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kitani
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan
| | - Daisaku Ohta
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599–8531, Japan
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Yao J, Scaffidi A, Meng Y, Melville KT, Komatsu A, Khosla A, Nelson DC, Kyozuka J, Flematti GR, Waters MT. Desmethyl butenolides are optimal ligands for karrikin receptor proteins. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1003-1016. [PMID: 33474738 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones and karrikins are butenolide molecules that regulate plant growth. They are perceived by the α/β-hydrolase DWARF14 (D14) and its homologue KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2), respectively. Plant-derived strigolactones have a butenolide ring with a methyl group that is essential for bioactivity. By contrast, karrikins are abiotic in origin, and the butenolide methyl group is nonessential. KAI2 is probably a receptor for an endogenous butenolide, but the identity of this compound remains unknown. Here we characterise the specificity of KAI2 towards differing butenolide ligands using genetic and biochemical approaches. We find that KAI2 proteins from multiple species are most sensitive to desmethyl butenolides that lack a methyl group. Desmethyl-GR24 and desmethyl-CN-debranone are active by KAI2 but not D14. They are more potent KAI2 agonists compared with their methyl-substituted reference compounds both in vitro and in plants. The preference of KAI2 for desmethyl butenolides is conserved in Selaginella moellendorffii and Marchantia polymorpha, suggesting that it is an ancient trait in land plant evolution. Our findings provide insight into the mechanistic basis for differential ligand perception by KAI2 and D14, and support the view that the endogenous substrates for KAI2 and D14 have distinct chemical structures and biosynthetic origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaren Yao
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Adrian Scaffidi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yongjie Meng
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kim T Melville
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Aino Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Aashima Khosla
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - David C Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Junko Kyozuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mark T Waters
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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44
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Wang Y, Yao R, Du X, Guo L, Chen L, Xie D, Smith SM. Molecular basis for high ligand sensitivity and selectivity of strigolactone receptors in Striga. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1411-1428. [PMID: 33793945 PMCID: PMC8133601 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Seeds of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica can sense very low concentrations of strigolactones (SLs) exuded from host roots. The S. hermonthica hyposensitive to light (ShHTL) proteins are putative SL receptors, among which ShHTL7 reportedly confers sensitivity to picomolar levels of SL when expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the molecular mechanism underlying ShHTL7 sensitivity is unknown. Here we determined the ShHTL7 crystal structure and quantified its interactions with various SLs and key interacting proteins. We established that ShHTL7 has an active-site pocket with broad-spectrum response to different SLs and moderate affinity. However, in contrast to other ShHTLs, we observed particularly high affinity of ShHTL7 for F-box protein AtMAX2. Furthermore, ShHTL7 interacted with AtMAX2 and with transcriptional regulator AtSMAX1 in response to nanomolar SL concentration. ShHTL7 mutagenesis analyses identified surface residues that contribute to its high-affinity binding to AtMAX2 and residues in the ligand binding pocket that confer broad-spectrum response to SLs with various structures. Crucially, yeast-three hybrid experiments showed that AtMAX2 confers responsiveness of the ShHTL7-AtSMAX1 interaction to picomolar levels of SL in line with the previously reported physiological sensitivity. These findings highlight the key role of SL-induced MAX2-ShHTL7-SMAX1 complex formation in determining the sensitivity to SL. Moreover, these data suggest a strategy to screen for compounds that could promote suicidal seed germination at physiologically relevant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxi Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lvjun Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Steven M Smith
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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45
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Nelson DC. The mechanism of host-induced germination in root parasitic plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1353-1373. [PMID: 33793958 PMCID: PMC8133615 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemical signals known as strigolactones (SLs) were discovered more than 50 years ago as host-derived germination stimulants of parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae. Strigolactone-responsive germination is an essential adaptation of obligate parasites in this family, which depend upon a host for survival. Several species of obligate parasites, including witchweeds (Striga, Alectra spp.) and broomrapes (Orobanche, Phelipanche spp.), are highly destructive agricultural weeds that pose a significant threat to global food security. Understanding how parasites sense SLs and other host-derived stimulants will catalyze the development of innovative chemical and biological control methods. This review synthesizes the recent discoveries of strigolactone receptors in parasitic Orobanchaceae, their signaling mechanism, and key steps in their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Nelson
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
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46
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Bouwmeester H, Li C, Thiombiano B, Rahimi M, Dong L. Adaptation of the parasitic plant lifecycle: germination is controlled by essential host signaling molecules. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1292-1308. [PMID: 33793901 PMCID: PMC8133609 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic plants are plants that connect with a haustorium to the vasculature of another, host, plant from which they absorb water, assimilates, and nutrients. Because of this parasitic lifestyle, parasitic plants need to coordinate their lifecycle with that of their host. Parasitic plants have evolved a number of host detection/host response mechanisms of which the germination in response to chemical host signals in one of the major families of parasitic plants, the Orobanchaceae, is a striking example. In this update review, we discuss these germination stimulants. We review the different compound classes that function as germination stimulants, how they are produced, and in which host plants. We discuss why they are reliable signals, how parasitic plants have evolved mechanisms that detect and respond to them, and whether they play a role in host specificity. The advances in the knowledge underlying this signaling relationship between host and parasitic plant have greatly improved our understanding of the evolution of plant parasitism and are facilitating the development of more effective control measures in cases where these parasitic plants have developed into weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harro Bouwmeester
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Changsheng Li
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Thiombiano
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mehran Rahimi
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lemeng Dong
- Plant Hormone Biology group, Green Life Sciences cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Science, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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47
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Jamil M, Kountche BA, Al-Babili S. Current progress in Striga management. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1339-1352. [PMID: 33793943 PMCID: PMC8133620 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Striga, particularly S. he rmonthica, problem has become a major threat to food security, exacerbating hunger and poverty in many African countries. A number of Striga control strategies have been proposed and tested during the past decade, however, further research efforts are still needed to provide sustainable and effective solutions to the Striga problem. In this paper, we provide an update on the recent progress and the approaches used in Striga management, and highlight emerging opportunities for developing new technologies to control this enigmatic parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jamil
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, the BioActives Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boubacar A Kountche
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, the BioActives Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, the BioActives Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Author for communication:
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48
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Aly R, Matzrafi M, Bari VK. Using biotechnological approaches to develop crop resistance to root parasitic weeds. PLANTA 2021; 253:97. [PMID: 33844068 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
New transgenic and biotechnological approaches may serve as a key component in achieving crop resistance to root parasitic weeds. Root parasitic weeds inflict severe damage to numerous crops, reducing yield quantity and quality. A lack of new sources of resistance limits our ability to manage newly developing, more virulent races. Having no effective means to control the parasites in most crops, innovative biotechnological solutions are needed. Several novel biotechnological strategies using regulatory RNA molecules, the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and T-DNA insertions have been acknowledged for engineering resistance against parasitic weeds. Significant breakthroughs have been made over the years in deciphering the plant genome and its functions, including the genomes of parasitic weeds. However, the basis of biotechnological strategies to generate host resistance to root parasitic weeds needs to be further developed. Gene-silencing and editing tools should be used to target key processes of host-parasite interactions, such as strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling, haustorium development, and degradation and penetration of the host cell wall. In this review, we summarize and discuss the main areas of research leading to the discovery and functional analysis of genes involved in host-induced gene silencing that target key parasite genes, transgenic host modification, and host gene editing to generate sustainable resistance to root parasitic weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radi Aly
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Ramat Yishay, Israel.
| | - Maor Matzrafi
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Ramat Yishay, Israel.
| | - Vinay Kumar Bari
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Ramat Yishay, Israel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda, India
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Yacoubou A, Zoumarou Wallis N, Menkir A, Zinsou VA, Onzo A, Garcia‐Oliveira AL, Meseka S, Wende M, Gedil M, Agre P. Breeding maize ( Zea mays) for Striga resistance: Past, current and prospects in sub-saharan africa. PLANT BREEDING = ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PFLANZENZUCHTUNG 2021; 140:195-210. [PMID: 34239217 PMCID: PMC8248382 DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Striga hermonthica, causes up to 100% yield loss in maize production in Sub-Saharan Africa. Developing Striga-resistant maize cultivars could be a major component of integrated Striga management strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of maize breeding activities related to Striga resistance and its management. Scientific surveys have revealed that conventional breeding strategies have been used more than molecular breeding strategies in maize improvement for Striga resistance. Striga resistance genes are still under study in the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) maize breeding programme. There is also a need to discover QTL and molecular markers associated with such genes to improve Striga resistance in maize. Marker Assistance Breeding is expected to increase maize breeding efficiency with complex traits such as resistance towards Striga because of the complex nature of the host-parasite relationship and its intersection with other environmental factors. Conventional alongside molecular tools and technical controls are promising methods to effectively assess Striga in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul‐Madjidou Yacoubou
- Laboratoire de Phytotechnie, d’Amélioration et de Protection des Plantes (LaPAPP)Département des Sciences et Techniques de Production Végétale (STPV)Faculté d’AgronomieUniversité de ParakouParakouBénin
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
- Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin01 BP 884CotonouBénin
| | - Nouhoun Zoumarou Wallis
- Laboratoire de Phytotechnie, d’Amélioration et de Protection des Plantes (LaPAPP)Département des Sciences et Techniques de Production Végétale (STPV)Faculté d’AgronomieUniversité de ParakouParakouBénin
| | - Abebe Menkir
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
| | - Valerien A. Zinsou
- Laboratoire de Phytotechnie, d’Amélioration et de Protection des Plantes (LaPAPP)Département des Sciences et Techniques de Production Végétale (STPV)Faculté d’AgronomieUniversité de ParakouParakouBénin
| | - Alexis Onzo
- Laboratoire de Phytotechnie, d’Amélioration et de Protection des Plantes (LaPAPP)Département des Sciences et Techniques de Production Végétale (STPV)Faculté d’AgronomieUniversité de ParakouParakouBénin
| | | | - Silvestro Meseka
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
| | - Mengesha Wende
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
| | - Melaku Gedil
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
| | - Paterne Agre
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)Oyo RoadPMB 5320IbadanNigeria
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50
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Mutuku JM, Cui S, Yoshida S, Shirasu K. Orobanchaceae parasite-host interactions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:46-59. [PMID: 33202061 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic plants in the family Orobanchaceae, such as Striga, Orobanche and Phelipanche, often cause significant damage to agricultural crops. The Orobanchaceae family comprises more than 2000 species in about 100 genera, providing an excellent system for studying the molecular basis of parasitism and its evolution. Notably, the establishment of model Orobanchaceae parasites, such as Triphysaria versicolor and Phtheirospermum japonicum, that can infect the model host Arabidopsis, has greatly facilitated transgenic analyses of genes important for parasitism. In addition, recent genomic and transcriptomic analyses of several Orobanchaceae parasites have revealed fascinating molecular insights into the evolution of parasitism and strategies for adaptation in this family. This review highlights recent progress in understanding how Orobanchaceae parasites attack their hosts and how the hosts mount a defense against the threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Musembi Mutuku
- The Central and West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE). Pôle Scientifique et d'Innovation de Bingerville, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, BP V34, Abidjan, 01, Côte d'Ivoire
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Songkui Cui
- Institute for Research Initiatives, Division for Research Strategy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Satoko Yoshida
- Institute for Research Initiatives, Division for Research Strategy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
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