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Penning A, Snoeck S, Garritsen O, Tosoni G, Hof A, de Boer F, van Hasenbroek J, Zhang L, Thrupp N, Craessaerts K, Fiers M, Salta E. NACC2, a molecular effector of miR-132 regulation at the interface between adult neurogenesis and Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21163. [PMID: 39256511 PMCID: PMC11387632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of new neurons at the hippocampal neurogenic niche, known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), and its impairment, have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). MicroRNA-132 (miR-132), the most consistently downregulated microRNA (miRNA) in AD, was recently identified as a potent regulator of AHN, exerting multilayered proneurogenic effects in adult neural stem cells (NSCs) and their progeny. Supplementing miR-132 in AD mouse brain restores AHN and relevant memory deficits, yet the exact mechanisms involved are still unknown. Here, we identify NACC2 as a novel miR-132 target implicated in both AHN and AD. miR-132 deficiency in mouse hippocampus induces Nacc2 expression and inflammatory signaling in adult NSCs. We show that miR-132-dependent regulation of NACC2 is involved in the initial stages of human NSC differentiation towards astrocytes and neurons. Later, NACC2 function in astrocytic maturation becomes uncoupled from miR-132. We demonstrate that NACC2 is present in reactive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques in mouse and human AD hippocampus, and that there is an anticorrelation between miR-132 and NACC2 levels in AD and upon induction of inflammation. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms by which miR-132 regulates neurogenesis and cellular reactivity in AD, will provide valuable insights towards its possible application as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oxana Garritsen
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Hof
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur de Boer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lin Zhang
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicky Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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2
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Ana B. Aged-Related Changes in Microglia and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Exploring the Connection. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1737. [PMID: 39200202 PMCID: PMC11351943 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells exhibit properties akin to macrophages, thereby enabling them to support and protect the central nervous system environment. Aging induces alterations in microglial polarization, resulting in a shift toward a neurotoxic phenotype characterized by increased expression of pro-inflammatory markers. Dysregulation of microglial cells' regulatory pathways and interactions with neurons contribute to chronic activation and neurodegeneration. A better understanding of the involvement of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's is a critical topic for studying the role of inflammatory responses in disease progression. Furthermore, the metabolic changes in aged microglia, including the downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, are discussed in this review. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing better preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borrajo Ana
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Lee H, Pearse RV, Lish AM, Pan C, Augur ZM, Terzioglu G, Gaur P, Liao M, Fujita M, Tio ES, Duong DM, Felsky D, Seyfried NT, Menon V, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Young-Pearse TL. Contributions of genetic variation in astrocytes to cell and molecular mechanisms of risk and resilience to late onset Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.31.605928. [PMID: 39211227 PMCID: PMC11361137 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.31.605928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and several AD genetic risk variants are associated with genes highly expressed in astrocytes. However, the contribution of genetic risk within astrocytes to cellular processes relevant to the pathogenesis of AD remains ill-defined. Here we present a resource for studying AD genetic risk in astrocytes using a large collection of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from deeply phenotyped individuals with a range of neuropathological and cognitive outcomes. IPSC lines from forty-four individuals were differentiated into astrocytes followed by unbiased molecular profiling using RNA sequencing and tandem mass tag-mass spectrometry. We demonstrate the utility of this resource in examining gene- and pathway-level associations with clinical and neuropathological traits, as well as in analyzing genetic risk and resilience factors through parallel analyses of iPSC-astrocytes and brain tissue from the same individuals. Our analyses reveal that genes and pathways altered in iPSC-derived astrocytes from AD individuals are concordantly dysregulated in AD brain tissue. This includes increased prefoldin proteins, extracellular matrix factors, COPI-mediated trafficking components and reduced proteins involved in cellular respiration and fatty acid oxidation. Additionally, iPSC-derived astrocytes from individuals resilient to high AD neuropathology show elevated basal levels of interferon response proteins and increased secretion of interferon gamma. Correspondingly, higher polygenic risk scores for AD are associated with lower levels of interferon response proteins. This study establishes an experimental system that integrates genetic information with a heterogeneous set of iPSCs to identify genetic contributions to molecular pathways affecting AD risk and resilience.
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Sasner M, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Uyar A, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Williams H, Oblak AL, Lin PB, Perkins B, Soni D, Ingraham C, Lee‐Gosselin A, Lamb BT, Howell GR, Carter GW. In vivo validation of late-onset Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factors. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4970-4984. [PMID: 38687251 PMCID: PMC11247676 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genome-wide association studies have identified over 70 genetic loci associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but few candidate polymorphisms have been functionally assessed for disease relevance and mechanism of action. METHODS Candidate genetic risk variants were informatically prioritized and individually engineered into a LOAD-sensitized mouse model that carries the AD risk variants APOE ε4/ε4 and Trem2*R47H. The potential disease relevance of each model was assessed by comparing brain transcriptomes measured with the Nanostring Mouse AD Panel at 4 and 12 months of age with human study cohorts. RESULTS We created new models for 11 coding and loss-of-function risk variants. Transcriptomic effects from multiple genetic variants recapitulated a variety of human gene expression patterns observed in LOAD study cohorts. Specific models matched to emerging molecular LOAD subtypes. DISCUSSION These results provide an initial functionalization of 11 candidate risk variants and identify potential preclinical models for testing targeted therapeutics. HIGHLIGHTS A novel approach to validate genetic risk factors for late-onset AD (LOAD) is presented. LOAD risk variants were knocked in to conserved mouse loci. Variant effects were assayed by transcriptional analysis. Risk variants in Abca7, Mthfr, Plcg2, and Sorl1 loci modeled molecular signatures of clinical disease. This approach should generate more translationally relevant animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | | | | | | | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Peter Bor‐Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Cindy Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Audrey Lee‐Gosselin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson LaboratoryBar HarborMaineUSA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
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5
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Wang L, Wei Y, Sun Z, Tai W, Li H, Yin Y, Jiang LH, Wang JZ. Effectiveness and mechanisms of combined use of antioxidant nutrients in protecting against oxidative stress-induced neuronal loss and related neurological deficits. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14886. [PMID: 39072940 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a well-known pathological factor driving neuronal loss and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Melatonin, coenzyme Q10 and lecithin are three common nutrients with an antioxidative capacity. Here, we examined the effectiveness of them administrated individually and in combination in protecting against oxidative stress-induced neuronal death in vitro, and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and associated deficits in vivo. METHODS Mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a (N2a) cells were exposed with H2O2 for 6 h, and subsequently treated with melatonin, coenzyme Q10, and lecithin alone or in combination for further 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Eight-week-old male mice were intraperitoneally injected with D-(+)-galactose for 10 weeks and administrated with melatonin, coenzyme Q10, lecithin, or in combination for 5 weeks starting from the sixth week, followed by behavioral tests to assess the effectiveness in mitigating neurological deficits, and biochemical assays to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Exposure to H2O2 significantly reduced the viability of N2a cells and increased oxidative stress and tau phosphorylation, all of which were alleviated by treatment with melatonin, coenzyme Q10, lecithin alone, and, most noticeably, by combined treatment. Administration of mice with D-(+)-galactose-induced oxidative stress and tau phosphorylation, brain aging, impairments in learning and memory, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and such detrimental effects were mitigated by melatonin, coenzyme Q10, lecithin alone, and, most consistently, by combined treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that targeting oxidative stress via supplementation of antioxidant nutrients, particularly in combination, is a better strategy to alleviate oxidative stress-mediated neuronal loss and brain dysfunction due to age-related neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yingjuan Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xuchang Central Hospital, Xuchang, China
| | - Zhenzhou Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenya Tai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- EA4245, Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Q, Li F, Wei M, Wang M, Wang L, Han Y, Jiang J. Prediction of Cognitive Progression Due to Alzheimer's Disease in Normal Participants Based on Individual Default Mode Network Metabolic Connectivity Strength. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:660-667. [PMID: 38631552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting cognitive decline among individuals in the aging population who are already amyloid-β (Aβ) positive or tau positive poses clinical challenges. In Alzheimer's disease research, intra-default mode network (DMN) connections play a pivotal role in diagnosis. In this article, we propose metabolic connectivity within the DMN as a supplementary biomarker to the Aβ, pathological tau, and neurodegeneration framework. METHODS Extracting data from 1292 participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we collected paired T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-labeled-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography scans. Individual metabolic DMN networks were constructed, and metabolic connectivity (MC) strength in the DMN was assessed. In the cognitively unimpaired group, the Cox model identified cognitively unimpaired (MC+), high-risk participants, with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and hazard ratios revealing the strength of MC's predictive performance. Spearman correlation analyses explored relationships between MC strength, and Aβ, pathological tau, neurodegeneration biomarkers, and clinical scales. DMN standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) provided comparative insights in the analyses. RESULTS Both MC strength and SUVR exhibited gradual declines with cognitive deterioration, displaying significant intergroup differences. Survival analyses indicated enhanced Aβ and tau prediction with both metrics, with MC strength outperforming SUVR. Combined MC strength and Aβ yielded optimal predictive performance (hazard ratio = 9.29), followed by MC strength and tau (hazard ratio = 8.92). Generally, the strength of MC's correlations with Aβ, pathological tau, and neurodegeneration biomarkers exceeded SUVR. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with normal cognition and disrupted DMN metabolic connectivity face an elevated risk of cognitive decline linked to Aβ that precedes metabolic issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Communication & Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangjie Li
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiehui Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Li Z, Chen X, He W, Chen H, Chen D. The causal effect of Alzheimer's disease and family history of Alzheimer's disease on non-ischemic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular structure and function: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1379865. [PMID: 38903751 PMCID: PMC11188370 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1379865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that Alzheimer's disease (AD) can cause myocardial damage. However, whether there is a causal association between AD and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) remains unclear. Using a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method, we aimed to determine whether AD and family history of AD (FHAD) affect left ventricular (LV) structure and function and lead to NICM, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods The summary statistics for exposures [AD, paternal history of AD (PH-AD), and maternal history of AD (MH-AD)] and outcomes (NICM, HCM, DCM, and LV traits) were obtained from the large European genome-wide association studies. The causal effects were estimated using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, MR Steiger test, leave-one-out analysis, and the funnel plot. Results Genetically predicted AD was associated with a lower risk of NICM [odds ratio (OR) 0.9306, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8825-0.9813, p = 0.0078], DCM (OR 0.8666, 95% CI 0.7752-0.9689, p = 0.0119), and LV remodeling index (OR 0.9969, 95% CI 0.9940-0.9998, p = 0.0337). Moreover, genetically predicted PH-AD was associated with a decreased risk of NICM (OR 0.8924, 95% CI 0.8332-0.9557, p = 0.0011). MH-AD was also strongly associated with a decreased risk of NICM (OR 0.8958, 95% CI 0.8449-0.9498, p = 0.0002). Different methods of sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the results. Conclusion Our study revealed that AD and FHAD were associated with a decreased risk of NICM, providing a new genetic perspective on the pathogenesis of NICM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dehai Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing, China
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8
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Mancuso R, Fattorelli N, Martinez-Muriana A, Davis E, Wolfs L, Van Den Daele J, Geric I, Premereur J, Polanco P, Bijnens B, Preman P, Serneels L, Poovathingal S, Balusu S, Verfaillie C, Fiers M, De Strooper B. Xenografted human microglia display diverse transcriptomic states in response to Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid-β pathology. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:886-900. [PMID: 38539015 PMCID: PMC11089003 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are central players in Alzheimer's disease pathology but analyzing microglial states in human brain samples is challenging due to genetic diversity, postmortem delay and admixture of pathologies. To circumvent these issues, here we generated 138,577 single-cell expression profiles of human stem cell-derived microglia xenotransplanted in the brain of the AppNL-G-F model of amyloid pathology and wild-type controls. Xenografted human microglia adopt a disease-associated profile similar to that seen in mouse microglia, but display a more pronounced human leukocyte antigen or HLA state, likely related to antigen presentation in response to amyloid plaques. The human microglial response also involves a pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine cytokine response microglia or CRM response to oligomeric Aβ oligomers. Genetic deletion of TREM2 or APOE as well as APOE polymorphisms and TREM2R47H expression in the transplanted microglia modulate these responses differentially. The expression of other Alzheimer's disease risk genes is differentially regulated across the distinct cell states elicited in response to amyloid pathology. Thus, we have identified multiple transcriptomic cell states adopted by human microglia in a multipronged response to Alzheimer's disease-related pathology, which should be taken into account in translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Nicola Fattorelli
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Martinez-Muriana
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma Davis
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Leen Wolfs
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johanna Van Den Daele
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, KU Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivana Geric
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessie Premereur
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paula Polanco
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Baukje Bijnens
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pranav Preman
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Serneels
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Suresh Poovathingal
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sriram Balusu
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, KU Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK.
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9
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Qiu Y, Cheng F. Artificial intelligence for drug discovery and development in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2024; 85:102776. [PMID: 38335558 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The complex molecular mechanism and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) limits the development of effective therapeutics or prevention strategies. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-guided drug discovery combined with genetics/multi-omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) analysis contributes to the understanding of the pathophysiology and precision medicine of the disease, including AD and AD-related dementia. In this review, we summarize the AI-driven methodologies for AD-agnostic drug discovery and development, including de novo drug design, virtual screening, and prediction of drug-target interactions, all of which have shown potentials. In particular, AI-based drug repurposing emerges as a compelling strategy to identify new indications for existing drugs for AD. We provide several emerging AD targets from human genetics and multi-omics findings and highlight recent AI-based technologies and their applications in drug discovery using AD as a prototypical example. In closing, we discuss future challenges and directions in AI-based drug discovery for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunguang Qiu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. https://twitter.com/YunguangQiu
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Genome Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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10
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Cheng F, Wang F, Tang J, Zhou Y, Fu Z, Zhang P, Haines JL, Leverenz JB, Gan L, Hu J, Rosen-Zvi M, Pieper AA, Cummings J. Artificial intelligence and open science in discovery of disease-modifying medicines for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101379. [PMID: 38382465 PMCID: PMC10897520 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The high failure rate of clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD) is due to a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of disease, and this deficit may be addressed by applying artificial intelligence (AI) to "big data" to rapidly and effectively expand therapeutic development efforts. Recent accelerations in computing power and availability of big data, including electronic health records and multi-omics profiles, have converged to provide opportunities for scientific discovery and treatment development. Here, we review the potential utility of applying AI approaches to big data for discovery of disease-modifying medicines for AD/ADRD. We illustrate how AI tools can be applied to the AD/ADRD drug development pipeline through collaborative efforts among neurologists, gerontologists, geneticists, pharmacologists, medicinal chemists, and computational scientists. AI and open data science expedite drug discovery and development of disease-modifying therapeutics for AD/ADRD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Genome Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jian Tang
- Mila-Quebec Institute for Learning Algorithms and CIFAR AI Research Chair, HEC Montreal, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7, Canada
| | - Yadi Zhou
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Zhimin Fu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46037, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, and Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - James B Leverenz
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jianying Hu
- IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, New York, NY 10598, USA
| | - Michal Rosen-Zvi
- AI for Accelerated Healthcare and Life Sciences Discovery, IBM Research Labs, Haifa 3498825, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH 44106, USA; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, UNLV, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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11
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Teng Z. Novel Development and Prospects in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:345-354. [PMID: 38405339 PMCID: PMC10894614 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease with cognitive decline and behavioral dysfunction. AD will become a global public health concern due to its increasing prevalence brought on by the severity of global aging. It is critical to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of AD and investigate or pursue a viable therapy strategy in clinic. Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau protein are the main regulating variables in the pathological phase of AD. And neuroinflammation brought on by activated microglia was found to be one risk factor contributing to changes in Aβ and tau pathology. It is important to investigate the unique biomarkers of early diagnosis and advanced stage, which may help to elucidate the specific pathological process of AD and provide potential novel therapeutic targets or preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Teng
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Papazoglou A, Henseler C, Weickhardt S, Teipelke J, Papazoglou P, Daubner J, Schiffer T, Krings D, Broich K, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Ehninger D, Scholl C, Haenisch B, Weiergräber M. Sex- and region-specific cortical and hippocampal whole genome transcriptome profiles from control and APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296959. [PMID: 38324617 PMCID: PMC10849391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A variety of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models has been established and characterized within the last decades. To get an integrative view of the sophisticated etiopathogenesis of AD, whole genome transcriptome studies turned out to be indispensable. Here we carried out microarray data collection based on RNA extracted from the retrosplenial cortex and hippocampus of age-matched, eight months old male and female APP/PS1 AD mice and control animals to perform sex- and brain region specific analysis of transcriptome profiles. The results of our studies reveal novel, detailed insight into differentially expressed signature genes and related fold changes in the individual APP/PS1 subgroups. Gene ontology and Venn analysis unmasked that intersectional, upregulated genes were predominantly involved in, e.g., activation of microglial, astrocytic and neutrophilic cells, innate immune response/immune effector response, neuroinflammation, phagosome/proteasome activation, and synaptic transmission. The number of (intersectional) downregulated genes was substantially less in the different subgroups and related GO categories included, e.g., the synaptic vesicle docking/fusion machinery, synaptic transmission, rRNA processing, ubiquitination, proteasome degradation, histone modification and cellular senescence. Importantly, this is the first study to systematically unravel sex- and brain region-specific transcriptome fingerprints/signature genes in APP/PS1 mice. The latter will be of central relevance in future preclinical and clinical AD related studies, biomarker characterization and personalized medicinal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Weickhardt
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jenni Teipelke
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Panagiota Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna Daubner
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Teresa Schiffer
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Damian Krings
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Catharina Scholl
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Britta Haenisch
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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13
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Han BL, Ma LZ, Han SL, Mi YC, Liu JY, Sheng ZH, Wang HF, Tan L. Explore the Role of Frailty as a Contributor to the Association Between AT(N) Profiles and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:1333-1343. [PMID: 39093070 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology and cognition was not exactly consistent. Objective To explore whether the association between AD pathology and cognition can be moderated by frailty. Methods We included 1711 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. Levels of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β, p-tau, and t-tau were identified for AD-related pathology based on the amyloid-β/tau/neurodegeneration (AT[N]) framework. Frailty was measured using a modified Frailty Index-11 (mFI-11). Regression and interaction models were utilized to assess the relationship among frailty, AT(N) profiles, and cognition. Moderation models analyzed the correlation between AT(N) profiles and cognition across three frailty levels. All analyses were corrected for age, sex, education, and APOEɛ4 status. Results In this study, frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 1.71, p < 0.001) and AT(N) profiles (OR = 2.00, p < 0.001) were independently associated with cognitive status. The model fit was improved when frailty was added to the model examining the relationship between AT(N) profiles and cognition (p < 0.001). There was a significant interaction between frailty and AT(N) profiles in relation to cognitive status (OR = 1.12, pinteraction = 0.028). Comparable results were obtained when Mini-Mental State Examination scores were utilized as the measure of cognitive performance. The association between AT(N) profiles and cognition was stronger with the levels of frailty. Conclusions Frailty may diminish patients' resilience to AD pathology and accelerate cognitive decline resulting from abnormal AD-related pathology. In summary, frailty contributes to elucidating the relationship between AD-related pathology and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Lin Han
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang-Ling Han
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yin-Chu Mi
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia-Yao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Hu Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
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14
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Giil LM, Hanseth S, Bojovic O, Nordrehaug JE, Ueland PM, Meyer K, Tell GS. The inverse association between the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and C-reactive protein levels is stronger in persons with obesity and diabetes. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13323. [PMID: 37801334 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) is lower in patients who carry the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele variant (APOEε4) of the APOE gene. This could however be explained by other factors observed in APOEε4 carriers, such as lower body mass index (BMI), possibly less diabetes and more use of statins, all associated with CRP concentrations. OBJECTIVES To assess the association between CRP and APOEε4 stratified by BMI, statin use and diabetes. METHODS We included 2700 community-dwelling older adults from the Hordaland health study with genotyping of the APOE gene by a one-step polymerase chain reaction and CRP measured using immuno-MALDI-TOF MS. Differences in CRP concentrations by APOE (ε4 vs no ε4) were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U tests, also stratified by statin use, diabetes and BMI categories. Finally, we performed linear regression with log (CRP) as the outcome and APOEε4 together with statin use, diabetes, BMI and their respective interactions. RESULTS CRP was higher in APOEε4 carriers irrespective of BMI, diabetes and statin use. In APOEε4 non-carriers, CRP was elevated with diabetes and obesity as expected. However, this was attenuated or even reversed in APOEε4 carriers. Such differences were not observed for statin use. CONCLUSIONS Statin use, obesity or diabetes did not confound the known association between the APOEε4 allele and lower CRP. Our data suggest that CRP is less responsive to inflammatory cues involved in diabetes and obesity in APOEε4 carriers. Epidemiological studies should take note of these relationships, as CRP, APOEε4, diabetes and obesity are both linked to neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Melvaer Giil
- Neuro-SysMed, Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silja Hanseth
- Neuro-SysMed, Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ognjen Bojovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Sasner M, Preuss C, Pandey RS, Uyar A, Garceau D, Kotredes KP, Williams H, Oblak AL, Lin PBC, Perkins B, Soni D, Ingraham C, Lee-Gosselin A, Lamb BT, Howell GR, Carter GW. In vivo validation of late-onset Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572849. [PMID: 38187758 PMCID: PMC10769393 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Genome-wide association studies have identified over 70 genetic loci associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but few candidate polymorphisms have been functionally assessed for disease relevance and mechanism of action. Methods Candidate genetic risk variants were informatically prioritized and individually engineered into a LOAD-sensitized mouse model that carries the AD risk variants APOE4 and Trem2*R47H. Potential disease relevance of each model was assessed by comparing brain transcriptomes measured with the Nanostring Mouse AD Panel at 4 and 12 months of age with human study cohorts. Results We created new models for 11 coding and loss-of-function risk variants. Transcriptomic effects from multiple genetic variants recapitulated a variety of human gene expression patterns observed in LOAD study cohorts. Specific models matched to emerging molecular LOAD subtypes. Discussion These results provide an initial functionalization of 11 candidate risk variants and identify potential preclinical models for testing targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sasner
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | | | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
| | - Asli Uyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | | | | | - Adrian L Oblak
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Disha Soni
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Cindy Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Audrey Lee-Gosselin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Bruce T Lamb
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Indiana University, NB Building, 320 W 15th St #414, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
| | - Gregory W Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609 USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032 USA
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16
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Li X, Quan M, Wei Y, Wang W, Xu L, Wang Q, Jia J. Critical thinking of Alzheimer's transgenic mouse model: current research and future perspective. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2711-2754. [PMID: 37480469 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic models are useful tools for studying the pathogenesis of and drug development for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD models are constructed usually using overexpression or knock-in of multiple pathogenic gene mutations from familial AD. Each transgenic model has its unique behavioral and pathological features. This review summarizes the research progress of transgenic mouse models, and their progress in the unique mechanism of amyloid-β oligomers, including the first transgenic mouse model built in China based on a single gene mutation (PSEN1 V97L) found in Chinese familial AD. We further summarized the preclinical findings of drugs using the models, and their future application in exploring the upstream mechanisms and multitarget drug development in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Meina Quan
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lingzhi Xu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China.
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17
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Suh EH, Lee G, Jung SH, Wen Z, Bao J, Nho K, Huang H, Davatzikos C, Saykin AJ, Thompson PM, Shen L, Kim D. An interpretable Alzheimer's disease oligogenic risk score informed by neuroimaging biomarkers improves risk prediction and stratification. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1281748. [PMID: 37953885 PMCID: PMC10637854 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1281748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stratification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients into risk subgroups using Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) presents novel opportunities for the development of clinical trials and disease-modifying therapies. However, the heterogeneous nature of AD continues to pose significant challenges for the clinical broadscale use of PRS. PRS remains unfit in demonstrating sufficient accuracy in risk prediction, particularly for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and in allowing feasible interpretation of specific genes or SNPs contributing to disease risk. We propose adORS, a novel oligogenic risk score for AD, to better predict risk of disease by using an optimized list of relevant genetic risk factors. Methods Using whole genome sequencing data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort (n = 1,545), we selected 20 genes that exhibited the strongest correlations with FDG-PET and AV45-PET, recognized neuroimaging biomarkers that detect functional brain changes in AD. This subset of genes was incorporated into adORS to assess, in comparison to PRS, the prediction accuracy of CN vs. AD classification and MCI conversion prediction, risk stratification of the ADNI cohort, and interpretability of the genetic information included in the scores. Results adORS improved AUC scores over PRS in both CN vs. AD classification and MCI conversion prediction. The oligogenic model also refined risk-based stratification, even without the assistance of APOE, thus reflecting the true prevalence rate of the ADNI cohort compared to PRS. Interpretation analysis shows that genes included in adORS, such as ATF6, EFCAB11, ING5, SIK3, and CD46, have been observed in similar neurodegenerative disorders and/or are supported by AD-related literature. Discussion Compared to conventional PRS, adORS may prove to be a more appropriate choice of differentiating patients into high or low genetic risk of AD in clinical studies or settings. Additionally, the ability to interpret specific genetic information allows the focus to be shifted from general relative risk based on a given population to the information that adORS can provide for a single individual, thus permitting the possibility of personalized treatments for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica H. Suh
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Garam Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Innovative Medical Technology Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zixuan Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jingxuan Bao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Heng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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18
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Essayan-Perez S, Südhof TC. Neuronal γ-secretase regulates lipid metabolism, linking cholesterol to synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2023; 111:3176-3194.e7. [PMID: 37543038 PMCID: PMC10592349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Presenilin mutations that alter γ-secretase activity cause familial Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas ApoE4, an apolipoprotein for cholesterol transport, predisposes to sporadic AD. Both sporadic and familial AD feature synaptic dysfunction. Whether γ-secretase is involved in cholesterol metabolism and whether such involvement impacts synaptic function remains unknown. Here, we show that in human neurons, chronic pharmacological or genetic suppression of γ-secretase increases synapse numbers but decreases synaptic transmission by lowering the presynaptic release probability without altering dendritic or axonal arborizations. In search of a mechanism underlying these synaptic impairments, we discovered that chronic γ-secretase suppression robustly decreases cholesterol levels in neurons but not in glia, which in turn stimulates neuron-specific cholesterol-synthesis gene expression. Suppression of cholesterol levels by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) impaired synaptic function similar to γ-secretase inhibition. Thus, γ-secretase enables synaptic function by maintaining cholesterol levels, whereas the chronic suppression of γ-secretase impairs synapses by lowering cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Essayan-Perez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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19
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Chen C, Tang X, Lan Z, Chen W, Su H, Li W, Li Y, Zhou X, Gao H, Feng X, Guo Y, Yao M, Deng W. GABAergic signaling abnormalities in a novel CLU mutation Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Transl Res 2023; 260:32-45. [PMID: 37211336 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The CLU rs11136000C mutation (CLUC) is the third most common risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism by which CLUC leads to abnormal GABAergic signaling in AD is unclear. To address this question, this study establishes the first chimeric mouse model of CLUC AD. Examination of grafted CLUC medial ganglionic eminence progenitors (CLUC hiMGEs) revealed increased GAD65/67 and a high frequency of spontaneous releasing events. CLUC hiMGEs also impaired cognition in chimeric mice and caused AD-related pathologies. The expression of GABA A receptor, subunit alpha 2 (Gabrα2) was higher in chimeric mice. Interestingly, cognitive impairment in chimeric mice was reversed by treatment with pentylenetetrazole, which is a GABA A receptor inhibitor. Taken together, these findings shed light on the pathogenesis of CLUC AD using a novel humanized animal model and suggest sphingolipid signaling over-activation as a potential mechanism of GABAergic signaling disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China; Department of pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Xihe Tang
- Department of neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China; Department of neurosurgery, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Lan
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Bio-X Institutes, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Bio-X Institutes, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi P. R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Ying Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong P. R. China.
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20
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Balusu S, Horré K, Thrupp N, Craessaerts K, Snellinx A, Serneels L, T’Syen D, Chrysidou I, Arranz AM, Sierksma A, Simrén J, Karikari TK, Zetterberg H, Chen WT, Thal DR, Salta E, Fiers M, De Strooper B. MEG3 activates necroptosis in human neuron xenografts modeling Alzheimer's disease. Science 2023; 381:1176-1182. [PMID: 37708272 PMCID: PMC7615236 DOI: 10.1126/science.abp9556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal cell loss is a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We xenografted human or mouse neurons into the brain of a mouse model of AD. Only human neurons displayed tangles, Gallyas silver staining, granulovacuolar neurodegeneration (GVD), phosphorylated tau blood biomarkers, and considerable neuronal cell loss. The long noncoding RNA MEG3 was strongly up-regulated in human neurons. This neuron-specific long noncoding RNA is also up-regulated in AD patients. MEG3 expression alone was sufficient to induce necroptosis in human neurons in vitro. Down-regulation of MEG3 and inhibition of necroptosis using pharmacological or genetic manipulation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, or mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) rescued neuronal cell loss in xenografted human neurons. This model suggests potential therapeutic approaches for AD and reveals a human-specific vulnerability to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Balusu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Horré
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katleen Craessaerts
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Snellinx
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Serneels
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries T’Syen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iordana Chrysidou
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amaia M. Arranz
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Annerieke Sierksma
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joel Simrén
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
| | - Thomas K. Karikari
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Möndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Rudolf Thal
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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21
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Escott‐Price V, Schmidt KM. Pitfalls of predicting age-related traits by polygenic risk scores. Ann Hum Genet 2023; 87:203-209. [PMID: 37416935 PMCID: PMC10952323 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are a method increasingly used to capture the combined effect of genome-wide significant variants and those which individually do not show genome-wide significant association but are likely to contribute to the risk of developing diseases. However, their practical use incurs complications and inconsistencies that so far limit their clinical applicability. The aims of the present review are to discuss the PRS for age-related diseases and to highlight pitfalls and limitations of PRS prediction accuracy due to ageing and mortality effects. We argue that the PRS is widely used but the individual's PRS values differ substantially depending on the number of genetic variants included, the discovery GWAS and the method employed to generate them. Moreover, for neurodegenerative disorders, although an individual's genetics do not change with age, the actual score depends on the age of the sample used in the discovery GWAS and is likely to reflect the individual's disease risk at this particular age. Improvement of PRS prediction accuracy for neurodegenerative disorders will come from two sides, both the precision of clinical diagnoses, and a careful attention to the age distribution in the underlying samples and validation of the prediction in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Escott‐Price
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and GenomicsSchool of Medicine, Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
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22
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Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Liu R, Xiao S. Education counteracts the genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease without an interaction effect. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1178017. [PMID: 37663829 PMCID: PMC10471486 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of disability and mortality in older adults. This study aimed to investigate the association of AD with education and genetic factors. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank. Genetic risk was assessed using a polygenic risk score for AD. The educational level was categorized as either low, intermediate, or high. AD was defined using the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the independent and combined effects of genetic factors and educational levels on the risk of AD. Results We included 318,535 participants in this study (age: 56.53 ± 8.09 years; male: 44.81%). Compared with a low genetic risk, a high genetic risk was associated with a significantly greater risk of AD (OR = 7.09, 95% CI: 6.09-8.26). A high educational level was associated with a 30% lower risk of AD compared with a low educational level (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.60-0.81). Combining genetic risk and education categories, individuals with a low genetic risk and high educational level had a more than 90% (OR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.05-0.16) lower risk of AD compared to those with a high genetic risk and low educational level. There was no significant interaction between genetic risk and educational level regarding AD risk (p for interaction = 0.359). Conclusion Education counteracts the genetic risk of AD, without an interaction effect. Increasing education to reduce the incidence of AD is of same importance across individuals with different genetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruilin Liu
- The Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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23
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Latapiat V, Saez M, Pedroso I, Martin AJM. Unraveling patient heterogeneity in complex diseases through individualized co-expression networks: a perspective. Front Genet 2023; 14:1209416. [PMID: 37636264 PMCID: PMC10449456 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1209416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This perspective highlights the potential of individualized networks as a novel strategy for studying complex diseases through patient stratification, enabling advancements in precision medicine. We emphasize the impact of interpatient heterogeneity resulting from genetic and environmental factors and discuss how individualized networks improve our ability to develop treatments and enhance diagnostics. Integrating system biology, combining multimodal information such as genomic and clinical data has reached a tipping point, allowing the inference of biological networks at a single-individual resolution. This approach generates a specific biological network per sample, representing the individual from which the sample originated. The availability of individualized networks enables applications in personalized medicine, such as identifying malfunctions and selecting tailored treatments. In essence, reliable, individualized networks can expedite research progress in understanding drug response variability by modeling heterogeneity among individuals and enabling the personalized selection of pharmacological targets for treatment. Therefore, developing diverse and cost-effective approaches for generating these networks is crucial for widespread application in clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Latapiat
- Programa de Doctorado en Genómica Integrativa, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Redes Biológicas, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Saez
- Centro de Oncología de Precisión, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud de Precisión, Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Inti Pedroso
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto J. M. Martin
- Laboratorio de Redes Biológicas, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Yuan S, Huang X, Zhang L, Ling Y, Tan S, Peng M, Xu A, Lyu J. Associations of air pollution with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: a prospective cohort study based on 437,932 participants from the UK biobank. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1216686. [PMID: 37600021 PMCID: PMC10436530 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1216686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To prospectively assess whether air pollution, including PM2.5, PM10, and NOx, is associated with the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia, and to investigate the potential relationship between air pollution and genetic susceptibility in the development of AD. Methods and results Our study included 437,932 participants from the UK Biobank with a median follow-up period of over 10 years. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we found that participants exposed to PM2.5 levels of ≥10 μg/m3 had a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia (HR = 1.1; 95% CI: 1.05-1.28; p < 0.05) compared to the group exposed to PM2.5 levels of <10 μg/m3. However, there was no significant association between PM10 levels of ≥15 μg/m3 and the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, or vascular dementia when compared to the group exposed to PM10 levels of <15 μg/m3. On the other hand, participants exposed to NOx levels of ≥50 μg/m3 had a significantly higher risk of all-cause dementia (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02-1.26; p < 0.05) and AD (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.48; p < 0.05) compared to the group exposed to NOx levels of <50 μg/m3. Furthermore, we examined the combined effect of air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, and NOx) and Alzheimer's disease genetic risk score (AD-GRS) on the development of AD using a Cox proportional hazards model. Among participants with a high AD-GRS, those exposed to NOx levels of ≥50 μg/m3 had a significantly higher risk of AD compared to those in the group exposed to NOx levels of <50 μg/m3 (HR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.03-1.18; p < 0.05). Regardless of air pollutant levels (PM2.5, PM10, or NOx), participants with a high AD-GRS had a significantly increased risk of developing AD. Similar results were obtained when assessing multiple variables using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Conclusion Our findings indicate that individuals living in areas with PM2.5 levels of ≥10 μg/m3 or NOx levels of ≥50 μg/m3 are at a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia. Moreover, individuals with a high AD-GRS demonstrated an increased risk of developing AD, particularly in the presence of NOx ≥ 50 μg/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Luming Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanyuan Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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25
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Li Q, Wu X, Mu S, He C, Ren X, Luo X, Adeli M, Han X, Ma L, Cheng C. Microenvironment Restruction of Emerging 2D Materials and their Roles in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nano-Bio-Platforms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207759. [PMID: 37129318 PMCID: PMC10369261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic nano-bio-platforms (NBPFs) have emerged as rapidly-developed pathways against a wide range of challenges in antitumor, antipathogen, tissue regeneration, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. Emerged 2D materials have attracted extensive scientific interest as fundamental building blocks or nanostructures among material scientists, chemists, biologists, and doctors due to their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. This timely review provides a comprehensive summary of creating advanced NBPFs via emerging 2D materials (2D-NBPFs) with unique insights into the corresponding molecularly restructured microenvironments and biofunctionalities. First, it is focused on an up-to-date overview of the synthetic strategies for designing 2D-NBPFs with a cross-comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. After that, the recent key achievements are summarized in tuning the biofunctionalities of 2D-NBPFs via molecularly programmed microenvironments, including physiological stability, biocompatibility, bio-adhesiveness, specific binding to pathogens, broad-spectrum pathogen inhibitors, stimuli-responsive systems, and enzyme-mimetics. Moreover, the representative therapeutic and diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs are also discussed with detailed disclosure of their critical design principles and parameters. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Overall, this review will provide cutting-edge and multidisciplinary guidance for accelerating future developments and therapeutic/diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xizheng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shengdong Mu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiancheng Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68137-17133, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lang Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Walgrave H, Penning A, Tosoni G, Snoeck S, Davie K, Davis E, Wolfs L, Sierksma A, Mars M, Bu T, Thrupp N, Zhou L, Moechars D, Mancuso R, Fiers M, Howden AJ, De Strooper B, Salta E. microRNA-132 regulates gene expression programs involved in microglial homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:106829. [PMID: 37250784 PMCID: PMC10213004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNA-132 (miR-132), a known neuronal regulator, is one of the most robustly downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Increasing miR-132 in AD mouse brain ameliorates amyloid and Tau pathologies, and also restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory deficits. However, the functional pleiotropy of miRNAs requires in-depth analysis of the effects of miR-132 supplementation before it can be moved forward for AD therapy. We employ here miR-132 loss- and gain-of-function approaches using single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics, and in silico AGO-CLIP datasets to identify molecular pathways targeted by miR-132 in mouse hippocampus. We find that miR-132 modulation significantly affects the transition of microglia from a disease-associated to a homeostatic cell state. We confirm the regulatory role of miR-132 in shifting microglial cell states using human microglial cultures derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Walgrave
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amber Penning
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgia Tosoni
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Snoeck
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kristofer Davie
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Bioinformatics Core Facility, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma Davis
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leen Wolfs
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annerieke Sierksma
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mayte Mars
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taofeng Bu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicola Thrupp
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Diederik Moechars
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Evgenia Salta
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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Balusu S, Praschberger R, Lauwers E, De Strooper B, Verstreken P. Neurodegeneration cell per cell. Neuron 2023; 111:767-786. [PMID: 36787752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The clinical definition of neurodegenerative diseases is based on symptoms that reflect terminal damage of specific brain regions. This is misleading as it tells little about the initial disease processes. Circuitry failures that underlie the clinical symptomatology are themselves preceded by clinically mostly silent, slowly progressing multicellular processes that trigger or are triggered by the accumulation of abnormally folded proteins such as Aβ, Tau, TDP-43, and α-synuclein, among others. Methodological advances in single-cell omics, combined with complex genetics and novel ways to model complex cellular interactions using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, make it possible to analyze the early cellular phase of neurodegenerative disorders. This will revolutionize the way we study those diseases and will translate into novel diagnostics and cell-specific therapeutic targets, stopping these disorders in their early track before they cause difficult-to-reverse damage to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Balusu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Praschberger
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elsa Lauwers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK.
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
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TOMM40 Genetic Variants Cause Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044085. [PMID: 36835494 PMCID: PMC9962462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40) is located in the outer membrane of mitochondria. TOMM40 is essential for protein import into mitochondria. TOMM40 genetic variants are believed to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in different populations. In this study, three exonic variants (rs772262361, rs157581, and rs11556505) and three intronic variants (rs157582, rs184017, and rs2075650) of the TOMM40 gene were identified from Taiwanese AD patients using next-generation sequencing. Associations between the three TOMM40 exonic variants and AD susceptibility were further evaluated in another AD cohort. Our results showed that rs157581 (c.339T > C, p.Phe113Leu, F113L) and rs11556505 (c.393C > T, p.Phe131Leu, F131L) were associated with an increased risk of AD. We further utilized cell models to examine the role of TOMM40 variation in mitochondrial dysfunction that causes microglial activation and neuroinflammation. When expressed in BV2 microglial cells, the AD-associated mutant (F113L) or (F131L) TOMM40 induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress-induced activation of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome. Pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 released by mutant (F113L) or (F131L) TOMM40-activated BV2 microglial cells caused cell death of hippocampal neurons. Taiwanese AD patients carrying TOMM40 missense (F113L) or (F131L) variants displayed an increased plasma level of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-18, IL-33, and COX-2. Our results provide evidence that TOMM40 exonic variants, including rs157581 (F113L) and rs11556505 (F131L), increase the AD risk of the Taiwanese population. Further studies suggest that AD-associated mutant (F113L) or (F131L) TOMM40 cause the neurotoxicity of hippocampal neurons by inducing the activation of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Welikovitch LA, Dujardin S, Dunn AR, Fernandes AR, Khasnavis A, Chibnik LB, Kaczorowski CC, Hyman BT. Rate of tau propagation is a heritable disease trait in genetically diverse mouse strains. iScience 2023; 26:105983. [PMID: 36756365 PMCID: PMC9900390 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The speed and scope of cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease is highly associated with the advancement of tau neurofibrillary lesions across brain networks. We tested whether the rate of tau propagation is a heritable disease trait in a large, well-characterized cohort of genetically divergent mouse strains. Using an AAV-based model system, P301L-mutant human tau (hTau) was introduced into the entorhinal cortex of mice derived from 18 distinct lines. The extent of tau propagation was measured by distinguishing hTau-producing cells from neurons that were recipients of tau transfer. Heritability calculation revealed that 43% of the variability in tau spread was due to genetic variants segregating across background strains. Strain differences in glial markers were also observed, but did not correlate with tau propagation. Identifying unique genetic variants that influence the progression of pathological tau may uncover novel molecular targets to prevent or slow the pace of tau spread and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A. Welikovitch
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Simon Dujardin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amy R. Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | | | - Anita Khasnavis
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Bradley T. Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wang H, Wang LS, Schellenberg G, Lee WP. The role of structural variations in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1073905. [PMID: 36846102 PMCID: PMC9944073 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1073905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dozens of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been discovered by large scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs). However, only a small portion of the genetic component of AD can be explained by SNPs observed from GWAS. Structural variation (SV) can be a major contributor to the missing heritability of AD; while SV in AD remains largely unexplored as the accurate detection of SVs from the widely used array-based and short-read technology are still far from perfect. Here, we briefly summarized the strengths and weaknesses of available SV detection methods. We reviewed the current landscape of SV analysis in AD and SVs that have been found associated with AD. Particularly, the importance of currently less explored SVs, including insertions, inversions, short tandem repeats, and transposable elements in neurodegenerative diseases were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gerard Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Wan-Ping Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Petrican R, Paine AL, Escott-Price V, Shelton KH. Overlapping brain correlates of superior cognition among children at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease and/or major depressive disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:984. [PMID: 36653486 PMCID: PMC9849214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life adversity (ELA) tends to accelerate neurobiological ageing, which, in turn, is thought to heighten vulnerability to both major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The two conditions are putatively related, with MDD representing either a risk factor or early symptom of AD. Given the substantial environmental susceptibility of both disorders, timely identification of their neurocognitive markers could facilitate interventions to prevent clinical onset. To this end, we analysed multimodal data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (ages 9-10 years). To disentangle genetic from correlated genetic-environmental influences, while also probing gene-adversity interactions, we compared adoptees, a group generally exposed to substantial ELA, with children raised by their biological families via genetic risk scores (GRS) from genome-wide association studies. AD and MDD GRSs predicted overlapping and widespread neurodevelopmental alterations associated with superior fluid cognition. Specifically, among adoptees only, greater AD GRS were related to accelerated structural maturation (i.e., cortical thinning) and higher MDD GRS were linked to delayed functional neurodevelopment, as reflected in compensatory brain activation on an inhibitory control task. Our study identifies compensatory mechanisms linked to MDD risk and highlights the potential cognitive benefits of accelerated maturation linked to AD vulnerability in late childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Petrican
- Institute of Population Health, Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.
| | - Amy L Paine
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, 70 Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Katherine H Shelton
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, 70 Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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Guo Y, Sun CK, Tang L, Tan MS. Microglia PTK2B/Pyk2 in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:692-704. [PMID: 38321895 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050299004240129051655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly hereditary disease with complex genetic susceptibility factors. Extensive genome-wide association studies have established a distinct susceptibility link between the protein tyrosine kinase 2β (PTK2B) gene and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but the specific pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. PTK2B is known to be expressed in neurons, and recent research has revealed its more important significance in microglia. Elucidating the role of PTK2B high expression in microglia in AD's progression is crucial for uncovering novel pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. Our review of existing studies suggests a close relationship between PTK2B/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) and tau pathology, and this process might be β-amyloid (Aβ) dependence. Pyk2 is hypothesized as a pivotal target linking Aβ and tau pathologies. Concurrently, Aβ-activated Pyk2 participates in the regulation of microglial activation and its proinflammatory functions. Consequently, it is reasonable to presume that Pyk2 in microglia contributes to amyloid-induced tau pathology in AD via a neuroinflammatory pathway. Furthermore, many things remain unclear, such as identifying the specific pathways that lead to the release of downstream inflammatory factors due to Pyk2 phosphorylation and whether all types of inflammatory factors can activate neuronal kinase pathways. Additionally, further in vivo experiments are essential to validate this hypothesized pathway. Considering PTK2B/Pyk2's potential role in AD pathogenesis, targeting this pathway may offer innovative and promising therapeutic approaches for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cheng-Kun Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lian Tang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng-Shan Tan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Liu Y, Si ZZ, Zou CJ, Mei X, Li XF, Luo H, Shen Y, Hu J, Li XX, Wu L. Targeting neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: from mechanisms to clinical applications. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:708-715. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.353484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Li H, Liu H, Lutz MW, Luo S. Novel Genetic Variants in TP37, PIK3R1, CALM1, and PLCG2 of the Neurotrophin Signaling Pathway Are Associated with the Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:977-987. [PMID: 36530083 PMCID: PMC9905310 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered as the prodromal stage of AD. Previous studies showed that changes in the neurotrophin signaling pathway could lead to cognitive decline in AD. However, the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that are involved in this pathway with AD progression from MCI remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations between SNPs involved in the neurotrophin signaling pathway with AD progression. METHODS We performed single-locus analysis to identify neurotrophin-signaling-related SNPs associated with the AD progression using 767 patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study and 1,373 patients from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center study. We constructed polygenic risk scores (PRSs) using the identified independent non-APOE SNPs and evaluated its prediction performance on AD progression. RESULTS We identified 25 SNPs significantly associated with AD progression with Bayesian false-discovery probability ≤0.8. Based on the linkage disequilibrium clumping and expression quantitative trait loci analysis, we found 6 potentially functional SNPs that were associated with AD progression independently. The PRS analysis quantified the combined effects of these SNPs on longitudinal cognitive assessments and biomarkers from cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging. The addition of PRSs to the prediction model for 3-year progression to AD from MCI significantly increased the predictive accuracy. CONCLUSION Genetic variants in the specific genes of the neurotrophin signaling pathway are predictors of AD progression. eQTL analysis supports that these SNPs regulate expression of key genes involved in the neurotrophin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyue Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael W. Lutz
- Division of Translational Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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He Z, Liu L, Belloy ME, Le Guen Y, Sossin A, Liu X, Qi X, Ma S, Gyawali PK, Wyss-Coray T, Tang H, Sabatti C, Candès E, Greicius MD, Ionita-Laza I. GhostKnockoff inference empowers identification of putative causal variants in genome-wide association studies. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7209. [PMID: 36418338 PMCID: PMC9684164 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in genome sequencing and imputation technologies provide an exciting opportunity to comprehensively study the contribution of genetic variants to complex phenotypes. However, our ability to translate genetic discoveries into mechanistic insights remains limited at this point. In this paper, we propose an efficient knockoff-based method, GhostKnockoff, for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that leads to improved power and ability to prioritize putative causal variants relative to conventional GWAS approaches. The method requires only Z-scores from conventional GWAS and hence can be easily applied to enhance existing and future studies. The method can also be applied to meta-analysis of multiple GWAS allowing for arbitrary sample overlap. We demonstrate its performance using empirical simulations and two applications: (1) a meta-analysis for Alzheimer's disease comprising nine overlapping large-scale GWAS, whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing studies and (2) analysis of 1403 binary phenotypes from the UK Biobank data in 408,961 samples of European ancestry. Our results demonstrate that GhostKnockoff can identify putatively functional variants with weaker statistical effects that are missed by conventional association tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihuai He
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Linxi Liu
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Michael E Belloy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Aaron Sossin
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xinran Qi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shiyang Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Prashnna K Gyawali
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Emmanuel Candès
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Michael D Greicius
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Kassani PH, Lu F, Guen YL, Belloy ME, He Z. Deep neural networks with controlled variable selection for the identification of putative causal genetic variants. NAT MACH INTELL 2022; 4:761-771. [PMID: 37859729 PMCID: PMC10586424 DOI: 10.1038/s42256-022-00525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully utilized in many scientific problems for their high prediction accuracy, but their application to genetic studies remains challenging due to their poor interpretability. Here we consider the problem of scalable, robust variable selection in DNNs for the identification of putative causal genetic variants in genome sequencing studies. We identified a pronounced randomness in feature selection in DNNs due to its stochastic nature, which may hinder interpretability and give rise to misleading results. We propose an interpretable neural network model, stabilized using ensembling, with controlled variable selection for genetic studies. The merit of the proposed method includes: flexible modelling of the nonlinear effect of genetic variants to improve statistical power; multiple knockoffs in the input layer to rigorously control the false discovery rate; hierarchical layers to substantially reduce the number of weight parameters and activations, and improve computational efficiency; and stabilized feature selection to reduce the randomness in identified signals. We evaluate the proposed method in extensive simulation studies and apply it to the analysis of Alzheimer's disease genetics. We show that the proposed method, when compared with conventional linear and nonlinear methods, can lead to substantially more discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman H. Kassani
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fred Lu
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael E. Belloy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zihuai He
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Belloy ME, Le Guen Y, Eger SJ, Napolioni V, Greicius MD, He Z. A Fast and Robust Strategy to Remove Variant-Level Artifacts in Alzheimer Disease Sequencing Project Data. Neurol Genet 2022; 8:e200012. [PMID: 35966919 PMCID: PMC9372872 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Exome sequencing (ES) and genome sequencing (GS) are expected to be critical to further elucidate the missing genetic heritability of Alzheimer disease (AD) risk by identifying rare coding and/or noncoding variants that contribute to AD pathogenesis. In the United States, the Alzheimer Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) has taken a leading role in sequencing AD-related samples at scale, with the resultant data being made publicly available to researchers to generate new insights into the genetic etiology of AD. To achieve sufficient power, the ADSP has adapted a study design where subsets of larger AD cohorts are collected and sequenced across multiple centers, using a variety of sequencing platforms. This approach may lead to variable variant quality across sequencing centers and/or platforms. In this study, we sought to implement and evaluate filters that can be applied fast to robustly remove variant-level artifacts in the ADSP data. Methods We implemented a robust quality control procedure to handle ADSP data. We evaluated this procedure while performing exome-wide and genome-wide association analyses on AD risk using the latest ADSP whole ES (WES) and whole GS (WGS) data releases (NG00067.v5). Results We observed that many variants displayed large variation in allele frequencies across sequencing centers/platforms and contributed to spurious association signals with AD risk. We also observed that sequencing platform/center adjustment in association models could not fully account for these spurious signals. To address this issue, we designed and implemented variant filters that could capture and remove these center-specific/platform-specific artifactual variants. Discussion We derived a fast and robust approach to filter variants that represent sequencing center-related or platform-related artifacts underlying spurious associations with AD risk in ADSP WES and WGS data. This approach will be important to support future robust genetic association studies on ADSP data, as well as other studies with similar designs.
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Grossmann K. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) for Therapeutic Targeting of Thrombin, a Key Mediator of Cerebrovascular and Neuronal Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1890. [PMID: 36009437 PMCID: PMC9405823 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although preclinical research and observer studies on patients with atrial fibrillation concluded that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) can protect against dementia like Alzheimer's disease (AD), clinical investigation towards therapeutical approval is still pending. DOACs target pathological thrombin, which is, like toxic tau and amyloid-ß proteins (Aß), an early hallmark of AD. Especially in hippocampal and neocortical areas, the release of parenchymal Aß into the blood induces thrombin and proinflammatory bradykinin synthesis by activating factor XII of the contact system. Thrombin promotes platelet aggregation and catalyzes conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, leading to degradation-resistant, Aß-containing fibrin clots. Together with oligomeric Aß, these clots trigger vessel constriction and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with vessel occlusion and hemorrhages, leading to vascular and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. As consequences, brain blood flow, perfusion, and supply with oxygen (hypoxia) and nutrients decrease. In parenchymal tissue, hypoxia stimulates Aß synthesis, leading to Aß accumulation, which is further enhanced by BBB-impaired perivascular Aß clearance. Aß trigger neuronal damage and promote tau pathologies. BBB dysfunction enables thrombin and fibrin(ogen) to migrate into parenchymal tissue and to activate glial cells. Inflammation and continued Aß production are the results. Synapses and neurons die, and cognitive abilities are lost. DOACs block thrombin by inhibiting its activity (dabigatran) or production (FXa-inhibitors, e.g., apixaban, rivaroxaban). Therefore, DOAC use could preserve vascular integrity and brain perfusion and, thereby, could counteract vascular-driven neuronal and cognitive decline in AD. A conception for clinical investigation is presented, focused on DOAC treatment of patients with diagnosed AD in early-stage and low risk of major bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Grossmann
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Yang H, Su Y, Sun Z, Ma B, Liu F, Kong Y, Sun C, Li B, Sang Y, Wang S, Li G, Qiu J, Liu C, Geng Z, Liu H. Gold Nanostrip Array-Mediated Wireless Electrical Stimulation for Accelerating Functional Neuronal Differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202376. [PMID: 35618610 PMCID: PMC9353484 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC)-based therapy holds great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Presently, however, it is hindered by poor functional neuronal differentiation. Electrical stimulation is considered one of the most effective ways to promote neuronal differentiation of NSCs. In addition to surgically implanted electrodes, traditional electrical stimulation includes wires connected to the external power supply, and an additional surgery is required to remove the electrodes or wires following stimulation, which may cause secondary injuries and infections. Herein, a novel method is reported for generation of wireless electrical signals on an Au nanostrip array by leveraging the effect of electromagnetic induction under a rotating magnetic field. The intensity of the generated electrical signals depends on the rotation speed and magnetic field strength. The Au nanostrip array-mediated electric stimulation promotes NSC differentiation into mature neurons within 5 days, at the mRNA, protein, and function levels. The rate of differentiation is faster by at least 5 days than that in cells without treatment. The Au nanostrip array-based wireless device also accelerates neuronal differentiation of NSCs in vivo. The novel method to accelerate the neuronal differentiation of NSCs has the advantages of wireless, timely, localized and precise controllability, and noninvasive power supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Yue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsInstitute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Baojin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Ying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Sun
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of JinanJinanShandong250022P. R. China
| | - Boyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired ScienceShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery Qilu HospitalCheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired ScienceShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Geng
- School of Information EngineeringMinzu University of ChinaBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchUniversity of JinanJinanShandong250022P. R. China
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Zehravi M, Kabir J, Akter R, Malik S, Ashraf GM, Tagde P, Ramproshad S, Mondal B, Rahman MH, Mohan AG, Cavalu S. A Prospective Viewpoint on Neurological Diseases and Their Biomarkers. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113516. [PMID: 35684455 PMCID: PMC9182418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders that affect both the central and peripheral nervous systems. To name a few causes, NDDs can be caused by ischemia, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cell stress, inflammation, abnormal protein deposition in neural tissue, autoimmune-mediated neuron loss, and viral or prion infections. These conditions include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). The formation of β-sheet-rich aggregates of intra- or extracellular proteins in the CNS hallmarks all neurodegenerative proteinopathies. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), numerous organs, including the central nervous system (CNS), are affected. However, the inflammatory process is linked to several neurodegenerative pathways that are linked to depression because of NDDs. Pro-inflammatory signals activated by aging may increase vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders. Viruses may increase macrophages and CCR5+ T cells within the CNS during dementia formation and progression. Unlike medical symptoms, which are just signs of a patient's health as expressed and perceived, biomarkers are reproducible and quantitative. Therefore, this current review will highlight and summarize the neurological disorders and their biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Janisa Kabir
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834001, India;
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priti Tagde
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
| | - Sarker Ramproshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj 1400, Bangladesh; (S.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Banani Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Ranada Prasad Shaha University, Narayanganj 1400, Bangladesh; (S.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Aurel George Mohan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (M.H.R.); (S.C.)
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Mossiah I, Perez SM, Stanley TR, Foley MK, Kim Guisbert KS, Guisbert E. Geranylgeranylacetone Ameliorates Beta-Amyloid Toxicity and Extends Lifespan via the Heat Shock Response in Caenorhabditis elegans. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:846977. [PMID: 35821801 PMCID: PMC9261441 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.846977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Activation of a cytoprotective cellular pathway known as the heat shock response (HSR) is a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is a commonly used anti-ulcer drug in Japan that has been shown to activate the HSR. Here, we establish C. elegans as a model system to investigate the effects of GGA. First, we show that GGA-mediated activation of the HSR is conserved in worms. Then, we show that GGA can ameliorate beta-amyloid toxicity in both muscle and neuronal worm Alzheimer’s disease models. Finally, we find that exposure to GGA is sufficient to extend the lifespan of wild-type worms. Significantly, the beneficial effects of GGA on both beta-amyloid toxicity and lifespan are dependent on HSR activation. Taken together, this research supports further development of GGA as a therapeutic for Alzheimer’s disease, provides evidence that HSR activation is a relevant therapeutic mechanism, and indicates that the beneficial effects of GGA are not limited to disease.
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Wareham LK, Liddelow SA, Temple S, Benowitz LI, Di Polo A, Wellington C, Goldberg JL, He Z, Duan X, Bu G, Davis AA, Shekhar K, Torre AL, Chan DC, Canto-Soler MV, Flanagan JG, Subramanian P, Rossi S, Brunner T, Bovenkamp DE, Calkins DJ. Solving neurodegeneration: common mechanisms and strategies for new treatments. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:23. [PMID: 35313950 PMCID: PMC8935795 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00524-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Across neurodegenerative diseases, common mechanisms may reveal novel therapeutic targets based on neuronal protection, repair, or regeneration, independent of etiology or site of disease pathology. To address these mechanisms and discuss emerging treatments, in April, 2021, Glaucoma Research Foundation, BrightFocus Foundation, and the Melza M. and Frank Theodore Barr Foundation collaborated to bring together key opinion leaders and experts in the field of neurodegenerative disease for a virtual meeting titled "Solving Neurodegeneration". This "think-tank" style meeting focused on uncovering common mechanistic roots of neurodegenerative disease and promising targets for new treatments, catalyzed by the goal of finding new treatments for glaucoma, the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness and the common interest of the three hosting foundations. Glaucoma, which causes vision loss through degeneration of the optic nerve, likely shares early cellular and molecular events with other neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Here we discuss major areas of mechanistic overlap between neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system: neuroinflammation, bioenergetics and metabolism, genetic contributions, and neurovascular interactions. We summarize important discussion points with emphasis on the research areas that are most innovative and promising in the treatment of neurodegeneration yet require further development. The research that is highlighted provides unique opportunities for collaboration that will lead to efforts in preventing neurodegeneration and ultimately vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Wareham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sally Temple
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, NY, 12144, Rensselaer, USA
| | - Larry I Benowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery and F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Di Polo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cheryl Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, CA, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Zhigang He
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, MA, Boston, USA
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Albert A Davis
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Karthik Shekhar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Anna La Torre
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David C Chan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, CA, 91125, Pasadena, USA
| | - M Valeria Canto-Soler
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John G Flanagan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David J Calkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Jungbauer G, Stähli A, Zhu X, Auber Alberi L, Sculean A, Eick S. Periodontal microorganisms and Alzheimer disease - A causative relationship? Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:59-82. [PMID: 35244967 PMCID: PMC9314828 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the initiation or exacerbation of Alzheimer disease, the dissemination of oral microorganisms into the brain tissue or the low‐level systemic inflammation have been speculated to play a role. However, the impact of oral microorganisms, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease and the potential causative relationship is still unclear. The present review has critically reviewed the literature by examining the following aspects: (a) the oral microbiome and the immune response in the elderly population, (b) human studies on the association between periodontal and gut microorganisms and Alzheimer disease, (c) animal and in vitro studies on microorganisms and Alzheimer disease, and (d) preventive and therapeutic approaches. Factors contributing to microbial dysbiosis seem to be aging, local inflammation, systemic diseases, wearing of dentures, living in nursing homes and no access to adequate oral hygiene measures. Porphyromonas gingivalis was detectable in post‐mortem brain samples. Microbiome analyses of saliva samples or oral biofilms showed a decreased microbial diversity and a different composition in Alzheimer disease compared to cognitively healthy subjects. Many in‐vitro and animal studies underline the potential of P gingivalis to induce Alzheimer disease‐related alterations. In animal models, recurring applications of P gingivalis or its components increased pro‐inflammatory mediators and β‐amyloid in the brain and deteriorated the animals' cognitive performance. Since periodontitis is the result of a disturbed microbial homoeostasis, an effect of periodontal therapy on the oral microbiome and host response related to cognitive parameters may be suggested and should be elucidated in further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Jungbauer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Private Dental Practice, Straubing, Germany
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xilei Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Song H, Yang J, Yu W. Promoter Hypomethylation of TGFBR3 as a Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease: An Integrated Epigenomic-Transcriptomic Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:825729. [PMID: 35310542 PMCID: PMC8924075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.825729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the abnormal deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles in the brain and accompanied with cognitive impairment. However, the fundamental cause of this disease remains elusive. To elucidate the molecular processes related to AD, we carried out an integrated analysis utilizing gene expression microarrays (GSE36980 and GSE5281) and DNA methylation microarray (GSE66351) in temporal cortex of AD patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We totally discovered 409 aberrantly methylated and differentially expressed genes. These dysregulated genes were significantly enriched in biological processes including cell part morphogenesis, chemical synaptic transmission and regulation of Aβ formation. Through convergent functional genomic (CFG) analysis, expression cross-validation and clinicopathological correlation analysis, higher TGFBR3 level was observed in AD and positively correlated with Aβ accumulation. Meanwhile, the promoter methylation level of TGFBR3 was reduced in AD and negatively associated with Aβ level and advanced Braak stage. Mechanically, TGFBR3 might promote Aβ production by enhancing β- and γ-secretase activities. Further investigation revealed that TGFBR3 may exert its functions via Synaptic vesicle cycle, Calcium signaling pathway and MAPK signal pathway by regulating hub genes GNB1, GNG3, CDC5L, DYNC1H1 and FBXW7. Overall, our findings highlighted TGFBR3 as an AD risk gene and might be used as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jue Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfeng Yu,
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Impairment of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in Alzheimer's diseases: Pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1019-1040. [PMID: 35530153 PMCID: PMC9069408 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. The accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates including amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT/tau) in neuronal cells are hallmarks of AD. So far, the exact underlying mechanisms for the aetiologies of AD have not been fully understood and the effective treatment for AD is limited. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process by which damaged cellular organelles and protein aggregates are degraded via lysosomes. Recently, there is accumulating evidence linking the impairment of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway with AD pathogenesis. Interestingly, the enhancement of autophagy to remove protein aggregates has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, we first summarize the recent genetic, pathological and experimental studies regarding the impairment of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway in AD. We then describe the interplay between the autophagy–lysosomal pathway and two pathological proteins, Aβ and MAPT/tau, in AD. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies and small molecules that target the autophagy–lysosomal pathway for AD treatment both in animal models and in clinical trials. Overall, this article highlights the pivotal functions of the autophagy–lysosomal pathway in AD pathogenesis and potential druggable targets in the autophagy–lysosomal pathway for AD treatment.
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46
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Strafella C, Caputo V, Termine A, Fabrizio C, Calvino G, Megalizzi D, Ruffo P, Toppi E, Banaj N, Bassi A, Bossù P, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G, Giardina E, Cascella R. Identification of Genetic Networks Reveals Complex Associations and Risk Trajectory Linking Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:821789. [PMID: 35250545 PMCID: PMC8892382 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.821789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are multifactorial conditions resulting from a complex crosstalk among multiple molecular and biological processes. The present study investigates the association of variants localized in genes and miRNAs with aMCI and AD, which may represent susceptibility, prognostic biomarkers or multi-target treatment options for such conditions. We included 371 patients (217 aMCI and 154 AD) and 503 healthy controls, which were genotyped for a panel of 120 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and, subsequently, analyzed by statistical, bioinformatics and machine-learning approaches. As a result, 21 SNPs were associated with aMCI and 13 SNPs with sporadic AD. Interestingly, a set of variants shared between aMCI and AD displayed slightly higher Odd Ratios in AD with respect to aMCI, highlighting a specific risk trajectory linking aMCI to AD. Some of the associated genes and miRNAs were shown to interact within the signaling pathways of APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein), ACE2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2), miR-155 and PPARG (Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma), which are known to contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Overall, results of this study increase insights concerning the genetic factors contributing to the neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms underlying aMCI and sporadic AD. They have to be exploited to develop personalized approaches based on the individual genetic make-up and multi-target treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Strafella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Claudia Strafella,
| | - Valerio Caputo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Termine
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabrizio
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Calvino
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Ruffo
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Toppi
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bossù
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Emiliano Giardina,
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Meng X, Li M, Cao W, Yang J, Xu X, Liu W, Li W, Cai Q, Wang S, Ma G, Liu Z, Huang G. A novel DPP-4 inhibitor Gramcyclin A attenuates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic mice via enhancing brain GLP-1-dependent glucose uptake. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1297-1309. [PMID: 35088915 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) signaling with a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor might exert protective effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD). We found that intragastric administration of Gramcyclin A (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg), a novel DPP-4 inhibitor, for 3 months significantly reversed cognitive decline in APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic mice in a dose-dependent manner. Gramcyclin A treatment markedly reduced Aβ plaques as well as the insoluble and soluble forms of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1/tau mice. Treatment with Gramcyclin A remarkedly decreased the level of microglia and suppressed neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1/tau mice. Moreover, Gramcyclin A treatment could increase brain glucose uptake in APP/PS1/tau mice, as detected by 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) micro-positron emission tomography (micro-PET) imaging. Furthermore, Gramcyclin A significantly increased expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), GLP-1R, proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and inhibited insulin receptor (IRS)-1 phosphorylation and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1/tau mice. Collectively, Gramcyclin A conferred protective effects against AD via enhancing brain GLP-1-dependent glucose uptake. The DPP-4 inhibitor Gramcyclin A might be a potential therapeutic drug for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangbao Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junshan Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Inst Translat Med, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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48
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Kim J, Kim S, Kim H, Hwang IW, Bae S, Karki S, Kim D, Ogelman R, Bang G, Kim JY, Kajander T, Um JW, Oh WC, Ko J. MDGA1 negatively regulates amyloid precursor protein-mediated synapse inhibition in the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2115326119. [PMID: 35074912 PMCID: PMC8795569 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115326119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Balanced synaptic inhibition, controlled by multiple synaptic adhesion proteins, is critical for proper brain function. MDGA1 (meprin, A-5 protein, and receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase mu [MAM] domain-containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor protein 1) suppresses synaptic inhibition in mammalian neurons, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying MDGA1-mediated negative regulation of GABAergic synapses remain unresolved. Here, we show that the MDGA1 MAM domain directly interacts with the extension domain of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Strikingly, MDGA1-mediated synaptic disinhibition requires the MDGA1 MAM domain and is prominent at distal dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Down-regulation of APP in presynaptic GABAergic interneurons specifically suppressed GABAergic, but not glutamatergic, synaptic transmission strength and inputs onto both the somatic and dendritic compartments of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Moreover, APP deletion manifested differential effects in somatostatin- and parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampal CA1, resulting in distinct alterations in inhibitory synapse numbers, transmission, and excitability. The infusion of MDGA1 MAM protein mimicked postsynaptic MDGA1 gain-of-function phenotypes that involve the presence of presynaptic APP. The overexpression of MDGA1 wild type or MAM, but not MAM-deleted MDGA1, in the hippocampal CA1 impaired novel object-recognition memory in mice. Thus, our results establish unique roles of APP-MDGA1 complexes in hippocampal neural circuits, providing unprecedented insight into trans-synaptic mechanisms underlying differential tuning of neuronal compartment-specific synaptic inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhu Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Seungjoon Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Hyeonho Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - In-Wook Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sungwon Bae
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Sudeep Karki
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Roberto Ogelman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Geul Bang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 305-732, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 305-732, Korea
| | - Tommi Kajander
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ji Won Um
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Won Chan Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;
| | - Jaewon Ko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea;
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49
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Integrative genomic analysis of PPP3R1 in Alzheimer's disease: a potential biomarker for predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach. EPMA J 2021; 12:647-658. [PMID: 34956428 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with abnormal calcium signaling, a pathway regulated by the calcium-dependent protein phosphatase. This study aimed to investigate the molecular function of protein phosphatase 3 regulatory subunit B (PPP3R1) underlying AD, which may provide novel insights for the predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention, and personalization of medical services in AD by targeting PPP3R1. A total of 1860 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 13,049 background genes were overlapped in AD/control and PPP3R1-low/high cohorts. Based on these DEGs, six co-expression modules were constructed by weight gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). The turquoise module had the strongest correlation with AD and low PPP3R1, in which DEGs participated in axon guidance, glutamatergic synapse, long-term potentiation (LTP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Ras, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways. Furthermore, the cross-talking pathways of PPP3R1, such as axon guidance, glutamatergic synapse, LTP, and MAPK signaling pathways, were identified in the global regulatory network. The area under the curve (AUC) analysis showed that low PPP3R1 could accurately predict the onset of AD. Therefore, our findings highlight the involvement of PPP3R1 in the pathogenesis of AD via axon guidance, glutamatergic synapse, LTP, and MAPK signaling pathways, and identify downregulation of PPP3R1 as a potential biomarker for AD treatment in the context of 3P medicine-predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention, and personalization of medical services. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00261-2.
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Liu Q, Ling Z, Zhang J, Yu H, Wang Y, Xue Y, Wang C, Zhao J, Cao J, Duan S, Zhao J. lncRNA MIR600HG Knockdown Alleviates Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Through NEDD4L Mediated PINK1 Degradation. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:1783-1794. [PMID: 34958029 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by sustained mitochondrial dysfunction, inevitable memory loss, and cognitive decline. However, the potential function of lncRNAs MIR600 Host Gene (MIR600HG) in AD remains unanswered. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to investigate the role of MIR600HG and its related molecular mechanism in AD. METHODS The expression of MIR600HG was examined by qRT-PCR. The MIR600HG interacting proteins were identified by RNA pull-down assay and mass spectrometry and verified by RNA immunoprecipitation. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to examine the colocalization of PINK1 and NEDD4L. The PINK1 level and the activation of autophagy were detected by immunoblotting. Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate cognitive decline in AD mice model. RESULTS MIR600HG expression was elevated during aging in two different types of AD transgenic mouse models. Next, we found that increased MIR600HG directly interact with NEDD4L, which promoted PINK1 ubiquitination and degradation, and as well as autophagy activation. Additionally, MIR600HG promoted Aβ production and suppressed Cytochrome C Oxidase activity. Administration of AAV-shMIR600HG restored the Cytochrome C Oxidase activity and inhibited Aβ production. Furthermore, PINK1 overexpression or MIR600HG knockdown significantly ameliorated the cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. PINK1 depletion recovered the spatial memory defect in the AAV-shMIR600HG injected APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSION MIR600HG was increased in AD and promoted AD pathogenesis. Targeting MIR600HG significantly improved cognitive function in AD mice, which could pave the way for exciting new avenues in AD therapeutic strategy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zaisheng Ling
- Department of CT Diagnosis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Cao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Shurong Duan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jingkun Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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