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Chen WJ, Zhu BL, Qian JJ, Zhao J, Zhang F, Jiang B, Zhao HY. Hippocampal SorCS2 overexpression represses chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors by promoting the BDNF-TrkB system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024:173820. [PMID: 38996926 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data has demonstrated that in mature neurons, SorCS2 localizes to the postsynaptic density of dendritic spines and facilitates plasma membrane sorting of TrkB by interacting with it, transmitting positive signaling from BDNF on neurons. Thus, it is possible that SorCS2 plays a role in the pathophysiology of depression by regulating the BDNF-TrkB system. METHODS In the present study, SorCS2 expression in different brain regions [hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hypothalamus, amygdala, ventral tegmental area (VTA), and nucleus accumbens (NAc)] was thoroughly investigated in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) models of depression. The changes in depressive-like behaviors, the hippocampal BDNF signaling cascade, and amounts of hippocampal immature neurons were further investigated after SorCS2 overexpression by microinjection of the adenovirus associated virus vector containing the coding sequence of mouse SorCS2 (AAV-SorCS2) into the hippocampus of mice exposed to CSDS or CUMS. RESULTS It was found that both CSDS and CUMS significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expression of SorCS2 in the hippocampus but not in other brain regions. Chronic stress also notably downregulated the level of hippocampal SorCS2-TrkB binding in mice. In contrast, AAV-based genetic overexpression of hippocampal SorCS2 fully reversed the chronic stress-induced not only depressive-like behaviors but also decreased SorCS2-TrkB binding, BDNF signaling pathway, and amounts of immature neurons in the hippocampus of mice. CONCLUSION All these results suggest that enhancing the hippocampal SorCS2 expression protects against chronic stress, producing antidepressant-like actions. Hippocampal SorCS2 may participate in depression neurobiology and be a potential antidepressant target. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Targeting of proteins to distinct subcellular compartments is essential for neuronal activity and modulated by VPS10P domain receptors which include SorCS2. In mature neurons, SorCS2 localizes to the postsynaptic density of dendritic spines and facilitates plasma membrane sorting of TrkB by interacting with it, transmitting positive signaling from BDNF on neurons. Our study is the first direct evidence preliminarily showing that SorCS2 plays a role in depression neurobiology. It was found that chronic stress induced not only depressive-like behaviors but also decreased SorCS2 expression in the hippocampus. Chronic stress did not affect SorCS2 expression in the mPFC, hypothalamus, amygdala, VTA, or NAc. In contrast, genetic overexpression of hippocampal SorCS2 prevented against chronic stress, producing antidepressant-like actions in mice. Thus, hippocampal SorCS2 is a potential participant underlying depression neurobiology and may be a novel antidepressant target. Our study may also extend the knowledge of the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao-Lun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Jie Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, 226011, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - He-Yan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Shanks HRC, Chen K, Reiman EM, Blennow K, Cummings JL, Massa SM, Longo FM, Börjesson-Hanson A, Windisch M, Schmitz TW. p75 neurotrophin receptor modulation in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:1761-1770. [PMID: 38760589 PMCID: PMC11186782 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling pathways substantially overlap with degenerative networks active in Alzheimer disease (AD). Modulation of p75NTR with the first-in-class small molecule LM11A-31 mitigates amyloid-induced and pathological tau-induced synaptic loss in preclinical models. Here we conducted a 26-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase 2a safety and exploratory endpoint trial of LM11A-31 in 242 participants with mild to moderate AD with three arms: placebo, 200 mg LM11A-31 and 400 mg LM11A-31, administered twice daily by oral capsules. This trial met its primary endpoint of safety and tolerability. Within the prespecified secondary and exploratory outcome domains (structural magnetic resonance imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers), significant drug-placebo differences were found, consistent with the hypothesis that LM11A-31 slows progression of pathophysiological features of AD; no significant effect of active treatment was observed on cognitive tests. Together, these results suggest that targeting p75NTR with LM11A-31 warrants further investigation in larger-scale clinical trials of longer duration. EU Clinical Trials registration: 2015-005263-16 ; ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03069014 .
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Grants
- R35 AG071476 NIA NIH HHS
- P30 AG072980 NIA NIH HHS
- SG-23-1038904 QC Alzheimer's Association
- 2022-00732 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- P20 GM109025 NIGMS NIH HHS
- R01 AG053798 NIA NIH HHS
- R35AG71476 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- ZEN-21-848495 Alzheimer's Association
- R01 AG051596 NIA NIH HHS
- P20GM109025 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- 453677 Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada)
- P20 AG068053 NIA NIH HHS
- 2017-00915 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- U01 AG024904 NIA NIH HHS
- R01AG053798 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R25 AG083721-01 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- R25 AG083721 NIA NIH HHS
- Jonathan and Joshua Memorial Foundation Government of Ontario
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (U.S. National Institute on Aging)
- State of Arizona
- Alzheimer’s Association
- the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986 and #ALFGBG-965240), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-930351, #AF-939721 and #AF-968270), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243 and #ALZ2022-0006), La Fondation Recherche Alzheimer (FRA), Paris, France, the Kirsten and Freddy Johansen Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark, and Familjen Rönströms Stiftelse, Stockholm, Sweden.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF)
- Ted and Maria Quirk Endowment; Joy Chambers-Grundy Endowment.
- San Francisco VA Health Care System
- National Institutes of Aging (NIA AD Pilot Trial 1R01AG051596) PharmatrophiX (Menlo Park, California)
- Alzheimer’s Society of Canada (176677)
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley R C Shanks
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Downtown, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey L Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Stephen M Massa
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne Börjesson-Hanson
- Clinical Trials, Department of Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Taylor W Schmitz
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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3
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Yang F, You H, Mizui T, Ishikawa Y, Takao K, Miyakawa T, Li X, Bai T, Xia K, Zhang L, Pang D, Xu Y, Zhu C, Kojima M, Lu B. Inhibiting proBDNF to mature BDNF conversion leads to ASD-like phenotypes in vivo. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02595-5. [PMID: 38762692 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) comprise a range of early age-onset neurodevelopment disorders with genetic heterogeneity. Most ASD related genes are involved in synaptic function, which is regulated by mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) and its precursor proBDNF in a diametrically opposite manner: proBDNF inhibits while mBDNF potentiates synapses. Here we generated a knock-in mouse line (BDNFmet/leu) in which the conversion of proBDNF to mBDNF is attenuated. Biochemical experiments revealed residual mBDNF but excessive proBDNF in the brain. Similar to other ASD mouse models, the BDNFmet/leu mice showed reduced dendritic arborization, altered spines, and impaired synaptic transmission and plasticity in the hippocampus. They also exhibited ASD-like phenotypes, including stereotypical behaviors and deficits in social interaction. Moreover, the plasma proBDNF/mBDNF ratio was significantly increased in ASD patients compared to normal children in a case-control study. Thus, deficits in proBDNF to mBDNF conversion in the brain may contribute to ASD-like behaviors, and plasma proBDNF/mBDNF ratio may be a potential biomarker for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Basic and Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - He You
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Toshiyuki Mizui
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, 371-0816, Japan
| | - Keizo Takao
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Xiaofei Li
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Basic and Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dizhou Pang
- Center for Child Behavioral Development, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury and Henan Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Institute of Neuroscience and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Masami Kojima
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan.
- Biomedical Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Bioscience and Chemistry, Kanazawa Institute of Technology (KIT), Ishikawa, 924-0838, Japan.
| | - Bai Lu
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 100070, Beijing, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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4
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Annevelink CE, Westra J, Sala-Vila A, Harris WS, Tintle NL, Shearer GC. A Genome-Wide Interaction Study of Erythrocyte ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Species and Memory in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort. J Nutr 2024; 154:1640-1651. [PMID: 38141771 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline, and more specifically Alzheimer's disease, continues to increase in prevalence globally, with few, if any, adequate preventative approaches. Several tests of cognition are utilized in the diagnosis of cognitive decline that assess executive function, short- and long-term memory, cognitive flexibility, and speech and motor control. Recent studies have separately investigated the genetic component of both cognitive health, using these measures, and circulating fatty acids. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the potential moderating effect of main species of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on an individual's genetically conferred risk of cognitive decline. METHODS The Offspring cohort from the Framingham Heart Study was cross-sectionally analyzed in this genome-wide interaction study (GWIS). Our sample included all individuals with red blood cell ω-3 PUFA, genetic, cognitive testing (via Trail Making Tests [TMTs]), and covariate data (N = 1620). We used linear mixed effects models to predict each of the 3 cognitive measures (TMT A, TMT B, and TMT D) by each ω-3 PUFA, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (0, 1, or 2 minor alleles), ω-3 PUFA by SNP interaction term, and adjusting for sex, age, education, APOE ε4 genotype status, and kinship (relatedness). RESULTS Our analysis identified 31 unique SNPs from 24 genes reaching an exploratory significance threshold of 1×10-5. Fourteen of the 24 genes have been previously associated with the brain/cognition, and 5 genes have been previously associated with circulating lipids. Importantly, 8 of the genes we identified, DAB1, SORCS2, SERINC5, OSBPL3, CPA6, DLG2, MUC19, and RGMA, have been associated with both cognition and circulating lipids. We identified 22 unique SNPs for which individuals with the minor alleles benefit substantially from increased ω-3 fatty acid concentrations and 9 unique SNPs for which the common homozygote benefits. CONCLUSIONS In this GWIS of ω-3 PUFA species on cognitive outcomes, we identified 8 unique genes with plausible biology suggesting individuals with specific polymorphisms may have greater potential to benefit from increased ω-3 PUFA intake. Additional replication in prospective settings with more diverse samples is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen E Annevelink
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Jason Westra
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Nathan L Tintle
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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5
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Zhang H, Peyton L, McCarroll A, de León Guerrerro SD, Zhang S, Gowda P, Sirkin D, El Achwah M, Duhe A, Wood WG, Jamison B, Tracy G, Pollak R, Hart RP, Pato CN, Mulle JG, Sanders AR, Pang ZP, Duan J. Scaled and Efficient Derivation of Loss of Function Alleles in Risk Genes for Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in Human iPSC. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585542. [PMID: 38562852 PMCID: PMC10983959 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Translating genetic findings for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders (NPD) into actionable disease biology would benefit from large-scale and unbiased functional studies of NPD genes. Leveraging the cytosine base editing (CBE) system, here we developed a pipeline for clonal loss-of-function (LoF) allele mutagenesis in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by introducing premature stop-codons (iSTOP) that lead to mRNA nonsense-mediated-decay (NMD) or protein truncation. We tested the pipeline for 23 NPD genes on 3 hiPSC lines and achieved highly reproducible, efficient iSTOP editing in 22 NPD genes. Using RNAseq, we confirmed their pluripotency, absence of chromosomal abnormalities, and NMD. Interestingly, for three schizophrenia risk genes (SETD1A, TRIO, CUL1), despite the high efficiency of base editing, we only obtained heterozygous LoF alleles, suggesting their essential roles for cell growth. We replicated the reported neural phenotypes of SHANK3-haploinsufficiency and found CUL1-LoF reduced neurite branches and synaptic puncta density. This iSTOP pipeline enables a scaled and efficient LoF mutagenesis of NPD genes, yielding an invaluable shareable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhang
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Lilia Peyton
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Ada McCarroll
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Sol Díaz de León Guerrerro
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Prarthana Gowda
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - David Sirkin
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Mahmoud El Achwah
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Alexandra Duhe
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Whitney G Wood
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Brandon Jamison
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Gregory Tracy
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Rebecca Pollak
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Ronald P Hart
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University
| | - Carlos N Pato
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Jennifer G Mulle
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Alan R Sanders
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Zhiping P Pang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Jubao Duan
- Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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6
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Ramanujan A, Li Z, Ma Y, Lin Z, Ibáñez CF. RhoGDI phosphorylation by PKC promotes its interaction with death receptor p75 NTR to gate axon growth and neuron survival. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1490-1512. [PMID: 38253689 PMCID: PMC10933337 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
How receptors juggle their interactions with multiple downstream effectors remains poorly understood. Here we show that the outcome of death receptor p75NTR signaling is determined through competition of effectors for interaction with its intracellular domain, in turn dictated by the nature of the ligand. While NGF induces release of RhoGDI through recruitment of RIP2, thus decreasing RhoA activity in favor of NFkB signaling, MAG induces PKC-mediated phosphorylation of the RhoGDI N-terminus, promoting its interaction with the juxtamembrane domain of p75NTR, disengaging RIP2, and enhancing RhoA activity in detriment of NF-kB. This results in stunted neurite outgrowth and apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons. If presented simultaneously, MAG prevails over NGF. The NMR solution structure of the complex between the RhoGDI N-terminus and p75NTR juxtamembrane domain reveals previously unknown structures of these proteins and clarifies the mechanism of p75NTR activation. These results show how ligand-directed competition between RIP2 and RhoGDI for p75NTR engagement determine axon growth and neuron survival. Similar principles are likely at work in other receptors engaging multiple effectors and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeena Ramanujan
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yanchen Ma
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Carlos F Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology and Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore.
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
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7
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Ma K, Yin K, Li J, Ma L, Zhou Q, Lu X, Li B, Li J, Wei G, Zhang G. The Hypothalamic Epigenetic Landscape in Dietary Obesity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306379. [PMID: 38115764 PMCID: PMC10916675 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamus in the brain plays a pivotal role in controlling energy balance in vertebrates. Nutritional excess through high-fat diet (HFD) feeding can dysregulate hypothalamic signaling at multiple levels. Yet, it remains largely unknown in what magnitude HFD feeding may impact epigenetics in this brain region. Here, it is shown that HFD feeding can significantly alter hypothalamic epigenetic events, including posttranslational histone modifications, DNA methylation, and chromatin accessibility. The authors comprehensively analyze the chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq), methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-seq), single nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (snATAC-seq), and RNA-seq data of the hypothalamus of C57 BL/6 mice fed with a chow or HFD for 1 to 6 months. The chromatins are categorized into 6 states using the obtained ChIP-seq data for H3K4me3, H3K27ac, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me3. A 1-month HFD feeding dysregulates histone modifications and DNA methylation more pronouncedly than that of 3- or 6-month. Besides, HFD feeding differentially impacts chromatin accessibility in hypothalamic cells. Thus, the epigenetic landscape is dysregulated in the hypothalamus of dietary obesity mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic DiseaseThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310003China
| | - Kaili Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthMinistry of EducationDepartment of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
- Institute for Brain ResearchCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthMinistry of EducationDepartment of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
- Institute for Brain ResearchCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
| | - Li Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational BiologyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)CASShanghai200031China
| | - Qun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthMinistry of EducationDepartment of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
- Institute for Brain ResearchCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
| | - Xiyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu211166China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of EndocrinologyXinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200092China
| | - Juxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu211166China
| | - Gang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational BiologyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)CASShanghai200031China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthMinistry of EducationDepartment of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
- Institute for Brain ResearchCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430030China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China
- Institute of Metabolism and HealthHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
- Zhongzhou LaboratoryZhengzhouHenan450046China
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8
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Danelon V, Garret-Thomson SC, Almo SC, Lee FS, Hempstead BL. Immune activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor: implications in neuroinflammation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1305574. [PMID: 38106879 PMCID: PMC10722190 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1305574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite structural similarity with other tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) members, the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, TNFR16) mediates pleiotropic biological functions not shared with other TNFRs. The high level of p75NTR expression in the nervous system instead of immune cells, its utilization of co-receptors, and its interaction with soluble dimeric, rather than soluble or cell-tethered trimeric ligands are all characteristics which distinguish it from most other TNFRs. Here, we compare these attributes to other members of the TNFR superfamily. In addition, we describe the recent evolutionary adaptation in B7-1 (CD80), an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily member, which allows engagement to neuronally-expressed p75NTR. B7-1-mediated binding to p75NTR occurs in humans and other primates, but not lower mammals due to specific sequence changes that evolved recently in primate B7-1. This discovery highlights an additional mechanism by which p75NTR can respond to inflammatory cues and trigger synaptic elimination in the brain through engagement of B7-1, which was considered to be immune-restricted. These observations suggest p75NTR does share commonality with other immune co-modulatory TNFR family members, by responding to immunoregulatory cues. The evolution of primate B7-1 to bind and elicit p75NTR-mediated effects on neuronal morphology and function are discussed in relationship to immune-driven modulation of synaptic actions during injury or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Danelon
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Steven C. Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Francis S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Barbara L. Hempstead
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Thomasen PB, Salasova A, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Woloszczuková L, Lavický J, Login H, Tranberg-Jensen J, Almeida S, Beel S, Kavková M, Qvist P, Kjolby M, Ovesen PL, Nolte S, Vestergaard B, Udrea AC, Nejsum LN, Chao MV, Van Damme P, Krivanek J, Dasen J, Oxvig C, Nykjaer A. SorCS2 binds progranulin to regulate motor neuron development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113333. [PMID: 37897724 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron (MN) development and nerve regeneration requires orchestrated action of a vast number of molecules. Here, we identify SorCS2 as a progranulin (PGRN) receptor that is required for MN diversification and axon outgrowth in zebrafish and mice. In zebrafish, SorCS2 knockdown also affects neuromuscular junction morphology and fish motility. In mice, SorCS2 and PGRN are co-expressed by newborn MNs from embryonic day 9.5 until adulthood. Using cell-fate tracing and nerve segmentation, we find that SorCS2 deficiency perturbs cell-fate decisions of brachial MNs accompanied by innervation deficits of posterior nerves. Additionally, adult SorCS2 knockout mice display slower motor nerve regeneration. Interestingly, primitive macrophages express high levels of PGRN, and their interaction with SorCS2-positive motor axon is required during axon pathfinding. We further show that SorCS2 binds PGRN to control its secretion, signaling, and conversion into granulins. We propose that PGRN-SorCS2 signaling controls MN development and regeneration in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Bogetofte Thomasen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alena Salasova
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Kasper Kjaer-Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lucie Woloszczuková
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Josef Lavický
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hande Login
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Tranberg-Jensen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sergio Almeida
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sander Beel
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michaela Kavková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mads Kjolby
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Lund Ovesen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stella Nolte
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Benedicte Vestergaard
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Andreea-Cornelia Udrea
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Moses V Chao
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven and Center for Brain & Disease Research VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Krivanek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jeremy Dasen
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, and Center of Excellence PROMEMO, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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10
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Singh A. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor - a key player in the gastrointestinal system. PRZEGLAD GASTROENTEROLOGICZNY 2023; 18:380-392. [PMID: 38572454 PMCID: PMC10985741 DOI: 10.5114/pg.2023.132957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is highly expressed throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and plays a critical role in the regulation of intestinal motility, secretion, sensation, immunity, and mucosal integrity. Dysregulation of BDNF signalling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various GI disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and diabetic gastroenteropathy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of BDNF localization, synthesis, receptors, and signalling mechanisms in the gut. In addition, current evidence on the diverse physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of BDNF in the control of intestinal peristalsis, mucosal transport processes, visceral sensation, neuroimmune interactions, gastrointestinal mucosal healing, and enteric nervous system homeostasis are discussed. Finally, the therapeutic potential of targeting BDNF for the treatment of functional GI diseases is explored. Advancing knowledge of BDNF biology and mechanisms of action may lead to new therapies based on harnessing the gut trophic effects of this neurotrophin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
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11
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Kropf E, Shekari A, Jaberi S, Puri A, Wu C, Fahnestock M. Age-induced nitrative stress decreases retrograde transport of proNGF via TrkA and increases proNGF retrograde transport and neurodegeneration via p75 NTR. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1241420. [PMID: 38025269 PMCID: PMC10679388 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1241420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Axonal transport of pro nerve growth factor (proNGF) is impaired in aged basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs), which is associated with their degeneration. ProNGF is neurotrophic in the presence of its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) but induces apoptosis via the pan-neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) when TrkA is absent. It is well established that TrkA is lost while p75NTR is maintained in aged BFCNs, but whether aging differentially affects transport of proNGF via each receptor is unknown. Nitrative stress increases during aging, but whether age-induced nitrative stress differentially affects proNGF transport via TrkA versus p75NTR has not yet been studied. Answering these questions is essential for developing an accurate understanding of the mechanisms contributing to age-induced loss of proNGF transport and BFCN degeneration. Methods In this study, fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze axonal transport of quantum dot labeled proNGF in rat BFCNs in vitro. Receptor specific effects were studied with proNGF mutants that selectively bind to either TrkA (proNGF-KKE) or p75NTR (proNGF-Δ9-13). Signaling factor activity was quantified via immunostaining. Results Young BFCNs transported proNGF-KKE but not proNGF-Δ9-13, and proNGF transport was not different in p75NTR knockout BFCNs compared to wildtype BFCNs. These results indicate that young BFCNs transport proNGF via TrkA. In vitro aging increased transport of proNGF-Δ9-13 but decreased transport of proNGF-KKE. Treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME reduced retrograde transport of proNGF-Δ9-13 in aged BFCNs while increasing retrograde transport of proNGF-KKE but did not affect TrkA or p75NTR levels. ProNGF-Δ9-13 induced greater pro-apoptotic signaling and neurodegeneration and less pro-survival signaling relative to proNGF-KKE. Discussion Together, these results indicate that age-induced nitrative stress decreases proNGF transport via TrkA while increasing proNGF transport via p75NTR. These transport deficits are associated with decreased survival signaling, increased apoptotic signaling, and neurodegeneration. Our findings elucidate the receptor specificity of age-and nitrative stress-induced proNGF transport deficits. These results may help to rescue the neurotrophic signaling of proNGF in aging to reduce age-induced loss of BFCN function and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kropf
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Arman Shekari
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sama Jaberi
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anish Puri
- Neuroscience Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Margaret Fahnestock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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12
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Gomila Pelegri N, Stanczak AM, Bottomley AL, Cummins ML, Milthorpe BK, Gorrie CA, Padula MP, Santos J. Neural Marker Expression in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Grown in PEG-Based 3D Matrix Is Enhanced in the Presence of B27 and CultureOne Supplements. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16269. [PMID: 38003460 PMCID: PMC10671562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have incredible potential as an avenue to better understand and treat neurological disorders. While they have been successfully differentiated into neural stem cells and neurons, most such protocols involve 2D environments, which are not representative of in vivo physiology. In this study, human ADSCs were cultured in 1.1 kPa polyethylene-glycol 3D hydrogels for 10 days with B27, CultureOne (C1), and N2 neural supplements to examine the neural differentiation potential of ADSCs using both chemical and mechanical cues. Following treatment, cell viability, proliferation, morphology, and proteome changes were assessed. Results showed that cell viability was maintained during treatments, and while cells continued to proliferate over time, proliferation slowed down. Morphological changes between 3D untreated cells and treated cells were not observed. However, they were observed among 2D treatments, which exhibited cellular elongation and co-alignment. Proteome analysis showed changes consistent with early neural differentiation for B27 and C1 but not N2. No significant changes were detected using immunocytochemistry, potentially indicating a greater differentiation period was required. In conclusion, treatment of 3D-cultured ADSCs in PEG-based hydrogels with B27 and C1 further enhances neural marker expression, however, this was not observed using supplementation with N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Gomila Pelegri
- Advanced Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.G.P.); (B.K.M.)
- Neural Injury Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Aleksandra M. Stanczak
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.M.S.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Amy L. Bottomley
- Microbial Imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Max L. Cummins
- Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
- The Australian Centre for Genomic Epidemiological Microbiology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bruce K. Milthorpe
- Advanced Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.G.P.); (B.K.M.)
| | - Catherine A. Gorrie
- Neural Injury Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Matthew P. Padula
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (A.M.S.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Jerran Santos
- Advanced Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.G.P.); (B.K.M.)
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13
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Klein M, Failla AV, Hermey G. Internally tagged Vps10p-domain receptors reveal uptake of the neurotrophin BDNF. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105216. [PMID: 37660918 PMCID: PMC10540051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vps10p-domain (Vps10p-D) receptor family consists of Sortilin, SorLA, SorCS1, SorCS2, and SorCS3. They mediate internalization and intracellular sorting of specific cargo in various cell types, but underlying molecular determinants are incompletely understood. Deciphering the dynamic intracellular itineraries of Vps10p-D receptors is crucial for understanding their role in physiological and cytopathological processes. However, studying their spatial and temporal dynamics by live imaging has been challenging so far, as terminal tagging with fluorophores presumably impedes several of their protein interactions and thus functions. Here, we addressed the lack of appropriate tools and developed functional versions of all family members internally tagged in their ectodomains. We predict folding of the newly designed receptors by bioinformatics and show their exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. We examined their subcellular localization in immortalized cells and primary cultured neurons by immunocytochemistry and live imaging. This was, as far as known, identical to that of wt counterparts. We observed homodimerization of fluorophore-tagged SorCS2 by coimmunoprecipitation and fluorescence lifetime imaging, suggesting functional leucine-rich domains. Through ligand uptake experiments, live imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging, we show for the first time that all Vps10p-D receptors interact with the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mediate its uptake, indicating functionality of the Vps10p-Ds. In summary, we developed versions of all Vps10p-D receptors, with internal fluorophore tags that preserve several functions of the cytoplasmic and extracellular domains. These newly developed fluorophore-tagged receptors are likely to serve as powerful functional tools for accurate live studies of the individual cellular functions of Vps10p-D receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Klein
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Guido Hermey
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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14
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Rajan S, Yoon J, Wu H, Srapyan S, Baskar R, Ahmed G, Yang T, Grintsevich EE, Reisler E, Terman JR. Disassembly of bundled F-actin and cellular remodeling via an interplay of Mical, cofilin, and F-actin crosslinkers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2309955120. [PMID: 37725655 PMCID: PMC10523612 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309955120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular form and function are controlled by the assembly and stability of actin cytoskeletal structures-but disassembling/pruning these structures is equally essential for the plasticity and remodeling that underlie behavioral adaptations. Importantly, the mechanisms of actin assembly have been well-defined-including that it is driven by actin's polymerization into filaments (F-actin) and then often bundling by crosslinking proteins into stable higher-order structures. In contrast, it remains less clear how these stable bundled F-actin structures are rapidly disassembled. We now uncover mechanisms that rapidly and extensively disassemble bundled F-actin. Using biochemical, structural, and imaging assays with purified proteins, we show that F-actin bundled with one of the most prominent crosslinkers, fascin, is extensively disassembled by Mical, the F-actin disassembly enzyme. Furthermore, the product of this Mical effect, Mical-oxidized actin, is poorly bundled by fascin, thereby further amplifying Mical's disassembly effects on bundled F-actin. Moreover, another critical F-actin regulator, cofilin, also affects fascin-bundled filaments, but we find herein that it synergizes with Mical to dramatically amplify its disassembly of bundled F-actin compared to the sum of their individual effects. Genetic and high-resolution cellular assays reveal that Mical also counteracts crosslinking proteins/bundled F-actin in vivo to control cellular extension, axon guidance, and Semaphorin/Plexin cell-cell repulsion. Yet, our results also support the idea that fascin-bundling serves to dampen Mical's F-actin disassembly in vitro and in vivo-and that physiologically relevant cellular remodeling requires a fine-tuned interplay between the factors that build bundled F-actin networks and those that disassemble them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeepa Rajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jimok Yoon
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Sargis Srapyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, CA90840
| | - Raju Baskar
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Giasuddin Ahmed
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Taehong Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Elena E. Grintsevich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, CA90840
| | - Emil Reisler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Jonathan R. Terman
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas of Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
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15
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Campero-Romero AN, Real FH, Santana-Martínez RA, Molina-Villa T, Aranda C, Ríos-Castro E, Tovar-Y-Romo LB. Extracellular vesicles from neural progenitor cells promote functional recovery after stroke in mice with pharmacological inhibition of neurogenesis. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:272. [PMID: 37507361 PMCID: PMC10382527 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) of the subventricular zone proliferate in response to ischemic stroke in the adult mouse brain. Newly generated cells have been considered to influence recovery following a stroke. However, the mechanism underlying such protection is a matter of active study since it has been thought that proliferating NPCs mediate their protective effects by secreting soluble factors that promote recovery rather than neuronal replacement in the ischemic penumbra. We tested the hypothesis that this mechanism is mediated by the secretion of multimolecular complexes in extracellular vesicles (EVs). We found that the molecular influence of oxygen and glucose-deprived (OGD) NPCs-derived EVs is very limited in improving overt neurological alterations caused by stroke compared to our recently reported astrocyte-derived EVs. However, when we inhibited the ischemia-triggered proliferation of NPCs with the chronic administration of the DNA synthesis inhibitor Ara-C, the effect of NPC-derived EVs became evident, suggesting that the endogenous protection exerted by the proliferation of NPC is mainly carried out through a mechanism that involves the intercellular communication mediated by EVs. We analyzed the proteomic content of NPC-derived EVs cargo with label-free relative abundance mass spectrometry and identified several molecular mediators of neuronal recovery within these vesicles. Our findings indicate that NPC-derived EVs are protective against the ischemic cascade activated by stroke and, thus, hold significant therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura N Campero-Romero
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fernando H Real
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ricardo A Santana-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Tonatiuh Molina-Villa
- Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cristina Aranda
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Ríos-Castro
- Unidad de Genómica, Proteómica y Metabolómica, LaNSE, Cinvestav-IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis B Tovar-Y-Romo
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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16
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Fang HY, Forghani R, Clarke A, McQueen PG, Chandrasekaran A, O’Neill KM, Losert W, Papoian GA, Giniger E. Enabled primarily controls filopodial morphology, not actin organization, in the TSM1 growth cone in Drosophila. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar83. [PMID: 37223966 PMCID: PMC10398877 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-01-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ena/VASP proteins are processive actin polymerases that are required throughout animal phylogeny for many morphogenetic processes, including axon growth and guidance. Here we use in vivo live imaging of morphology and actin distribution to determine the role of Ena in promoting the growth of the TSM1 axon of the Drosophila wing. Altering Ena activity causes stalling and misrouting of TSM1. Our data show that Ena has a substantial impact on filopodial morphology in this growth cone but exerts only modest effects on actin distribution. This is in contrast to the main regulator of Ena, Abl tyrosine kinase, which was shown previously to have profound effects on actin and only mild effects on TSM1 growth cone morphology. We interpret these data as suggesting that the primary role of Ena in this axon may be to link actin to the morphogenetic processes of the plasma membrane, rather than to regulate actin organization itself. These data also suggest that a key role of Ena, acting downstream of Abl, may be to maintain consistent organization and reliable evolution of growth cone structure, even as Abl activity varies in response to guidance cues in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao Yu Fang
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rameen Forghani
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Akanni Clarke
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Philip G. McQueen
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Aravind Chandrasekaran
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20752
| | - Kate M. O’Neill
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Institute for Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20752
| | - Wolfgang Losert
- Institute for Physical Sciences and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20752
| | - Garegin A. Papoian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20752
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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17
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Lopez DM, Maltby CJ, Warming H, Divecha N, Vargas-Caballero M, Coldwell MJ, Deinhardt K. A luminescence-based reporter to study tau secretion reveals overlapping mechanisms for the release of healthy and pathological tau. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1196007. [PMID: 37342467 PMCID: PMC10277490 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1196007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, tau pathology is thought to spread via a prion-like manner along connected neuronal networks. For this to occur, the usually cytosolic tau protein must be secreted via an unconventional mechanism prior to uptake into the connected neuron. While secretion of healthy and pathological tau has been documented, it remains under-investigated whether this occurs via overlapping or distinct processes. Here, we established a sensitive bioluminescence-based assay to assess mechanisms underlying the secretion of pseudohyperphosphorylated and wild-type tau in cultured murine hippocampal neurons. We found that under basal conditions, both wild-type and mutant tau are secreted, with mutant tau being more robustly secreted. Pharmacological stimulation of neuronal activity led to a modest increase of wild-type and mutant tau secretion, whereas inhibition of activity had no effect. Interestingly, inhibition of heparin sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) biosynthesis drastically decreased secretion of both wild-type and mutant tau without affecting cell viability. This shows that native and pathological tau share release mechanisms; both activity-dependent and non-activity-dependent secretion of tau is facilitated by HSPGs.
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18
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Chehrazi P, Lee KKY, Lavertu-Jolin M, Abbasnejad Z, Carreño-Muñoz MI, Chattopadhyaya B, Di Cristo G. p75 neurotrophin receptor in pre-adolescent prefrontal PV interneurons promotes cognitive flexibility in adult mice. Biol Psychiatry 2023:S0006-3223(23)01238-6. [PMID: 37120061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parvalbumin (PV)-positive GABAergic cells provide robust perisomatic inhibition to neighboring pyramidal neurons and regulate brain oscillations. Alterations in PV interneuron connectivity and function in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have been consistently reported in psychiatric disorders associated with cognitive rigidity, suggesting that PV cell deficits could be a core cellular phenotype in these disorders. p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) regulates the time course of PV cell maturation in a cell-autonomous fashion. Whether p75NTR expression during postnatal development affects adult prefrontal PV cell connectivity and cognitive function is unknown. METHODS We generated transgenic mice with conditional knockout (cKO) of p75NTR in postnatal PV cells. We analysed PV cell connectivity and recruitment following a tail pinch, by immunolabeling and confocal imaging, in naïve mice or following p75NTR re-expression in pre- or post-adolescent mice using Cre-dependent viral vectors. Cognitive flexibility was evaluated using behavioral tests. RESULTS PV cell-specific p75NTR deletion increased both PV cell synapse density and the proportion of PV cells surrounded by perineuronal nets, a marker of mature PV cells, in adult mPFC but not visual cortex. Both phenotypes were rescued by viral-mediated re-introduction of p75NTR in pre-adolescent but not post-adolescent mPFC. Prefrontal cortical PV cells failed to upregulate c-Fos following a tail-pinch stimulation in adult cKO mice. Finally, cKO mice showed impaired fear memory extinction learning as well as deficits in a attention set-shifting task. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that p75NTR expression in adolescent PV cells contributes to the fine tuning of their connectivity and promotes cognitive flexibility in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Chehrazi
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Karen Ka Yan Lee
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marisol Lavertu-Jolin
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Zahra Abbasnejad
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maria Isabel Carreño-Muñoz
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Graziella Di Cristo
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Sainte-Justine (CHUSJ), Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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19
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Wang W, Li W, Pan L, Li L, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang S. Dynamic Regulation Genes at Microtubule Plus Ends: A Novel Class of Glioma Biomarkers. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030488. [PMID: 36979179 PMCID: PMC10045452 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Microtubule plus-end-related genes (MPERGs) encode a group of proteins that specifically aggregate at the microtubule plus ends to play critical biological roles in the cell cycle, cell movement, ciliogenesis, and neuronal development by coordinating microtubule assembly and dynamics; however, the MPERG correlations and their clinical significance in glioma are not fully understood. This study is the first to systematically analyze and define a seven-gene signature (CTTNBP2, KIF18A, NAV1, SLAIN2, SRCIN1, TRIO, and TTBK2) and nomogram model closely associated with clinical factors and the tumor microenvironment as a reliable and independent prognostic biomarker to guide personalized choices of immunotherapy and chemotherapy for glioma patients. Abstract Glioma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary nervous system tumor with an unfavorable prognosis. Microtubule plus-end-related genes (MPERGs) play critical biological roles in the cell cycle, cell movement, ciliogenesis, and neuronal development by coordinating microtubule assembly and dynamics. This research seeks to systematically explore the oncological characteristics of these genes in microtubule-enriched glioma, focusing on developing a novel MPERG-based prognostic signature to improve the prognosis and provide more treatment options for glioma patients. First, we thoroughly analyzed and identified 45 differentially expressed MPERGs in glioma. Based on these genes, glioma patients were well distinguished into two subgroups with survival and tumor microenvironment infiltration differences. Next, we further screened the independent prognostic genes (CTTNBP2, KIF18A, NAV1, SLAIN2, SRCIN1, TRIO, and TTBK2) using 36 prognostic-related differentially expressed MPERGs to construct a signature with risk stratification and prognostic prediction ability. An increased risk score was related to the malignant progression of glioma. Therefore, we also designed a nomogram model containing clinical factors to facilitate the clinical use of the risk signature. The prediction accuracy of the signature and nomogram model was verified using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas datasets. Finally, we examined the connection between the signature and tumor microenvironment. The signature positively correlated with tumor microenvironment infiltration, especially immunoinhibitors and the tumor mutation load, and negatively correlated with microsatellite instability and cancer stemness. More importantly, immune checkpoint blockade treatment and drug sensitivity analyses confirmed that this prognostic signature was helpful in anticipating the effect of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. In conclusion, this research is the first study to define and validate an MPERG-based signature closely associated with the tumor microenvironment as a reliable and independent prognostic biomarker to guide personalized choices of immunotherapy and chemotherapy for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Weilong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lifang Pan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lingjie Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yasi Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (S.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-5600-7650 (S.Z.)
| | - Shirong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (S.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-5600-7650 (S.Z.)
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20
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Neurogenin 2 and Neuronal Differentiation 1 Control Proper Development of the Chick Trigeminal Ganglion and Its Nerve Branches. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:jdb11010008. [PMID: 36810460 PMCID: PMC9953625 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The trigeminal ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons comprising cranial nerve V, which relays information related to pain, touch, and temperature from the face and head to the brain. Like other cranial ganglia, the trigeminal ganglion is composed of neuronal derivatives of two critical embryonic cell types, neural crest and placode cells. Neurogenesis within the cranial ganglia is promoted by Neurogenin 2 (Neurog2), which is expressed in trigeminal placode cells and their neuronal derivatives, and transcriptionally activates neuronal differentiation genes such as Neuronal Differentiation 1 (NeuroD1). Little is known, however, about the role of Neurog2 and NeuroD1 during chick trigeminal gangliogenesis. To address this, we depleted Neurog2 and NeuroD1 from trigeminal placode cells with morpholinos and demonstrated that Neurog2 and NeuroD1 influence trigeminal ganglion development. While knockdown of both Neurog2 and NeuroD1 affected innervation of the eye, Neurog2 and NeuroD1 had opposite effects on ophthalmic nerve branch organization. Taken together, our results highlight, for the first time, functional roles for Neurog2 and NeuroD1 during chick trigeminal gangliogenesis. These studies shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying trigeminal ganglion formation and may also provide insight into general cranial gangliogenesis and diseases of the peripheral nervous system.
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21
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Wang C, Fang C, Zou Y, Yang J, Sawan M. Artificial intelligence techniques for retinal prostheses: a comprehensive review and future direction. J Neural Eng 2023; 20. [PMID: 36634357 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acb295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Retinal prostheses are promising devices to restore vision for patients with severe age-related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa disease. The visual processing mechanism embodied in retinal prostheses play an important role in the restoration effect. Its performance depends on our understanding of the retina's working mechanism and the evolvement of computer vision models. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in the field of processing algorithm for retinal prostheses where the new discovery of the retina's working principle and state-of-the-arts computer vision models are combined together.Approach. We investigated the related research on artificial intelligence techniques for retinal prostheses. The processing algorithm in these studies could be attributed to three types: computer vision-related methods, biophysical models, and deep learning models.Main results. In this review, we first illustrate the structure and function of the normal and degenerated retina, then demonstrate the vision rehabilitation mechanism of three representative retinal prostheses. It is necessary to summarize the computational frameworks abstracted from the normal retina. In addition, the development and feature of three types of different processing algorithms are summarized. Finally, we analyze the bottleneck in existing algorithms and propose our prospect about the future directions to improve the restoration effect.Significance. This review systematically summarizes existing processing models for predicting the response of the retina to external stimuli. What's more, the suggestions for future direction may inspire researchers in this field to design better algorithms for retinal prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Wang
- Center of Excellence in Biomedical Research on Advanced Integrated-on-chips Neurotechnologies, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoming Fang
- Center of Excellence in Biomedical Research on Advanced Integrated-on-chips Neurotechnologies, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center of Excellence in Biomedical Research on Advanced Integrated-on-chips Neurotechnologies, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- Center of Excellence in Biomedical Research on Advanced Integrated-on-chips Neurotechnologies, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, People's Republic of China
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22
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Subirada PV, Tovo A, Vaglienti MV, Luna Pinto JD, Saragovi HU, Sánchez MC, Anastasía A, Barcelona PF. Etiological Roles of p75 NTR in a Mouse Model of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020297. [PMID: 36672232 PMCID: PMC9856885 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a pathological angiogenesis of the choroidal plexus of the retina and is a key feature in the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. Mononuclear phagocytic cells (MPCs) are known to accumulate in the subretinal space, generating a chronic inflammatory state that promotes the growth of the choroidal neovasculature. However, how the MPCs are recruited and activated to promote CNV pathology is not fully understood. Using genetic and pharmacological tools in a mouse model of laser-induced CNV, we demonstrate a role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in the recruitment of MPCs, in glial activation, and in vascular alterations. After laser injury, expression of p75NTR is increased in activated Muller glial cells near the CNV area in the retina and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE)-choroid. In p75NTR knockout mice (p75NTR KO) with CNV, there is significantly reduced recruitment of MPCs, reduced glial activation, reduced CNV area, and the retinal function is preserved, as compared to wild type mice with CNV. Notably, a single intravitreal injection of a pharmacological p75NTR antagonist in wild type mice with CNV phenocopied the results of the p75NTR KO mice. Our results demonstrate that p75NTR is etiological in the development of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albana Tovo
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Vaglienti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | | | - Horacio Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Research Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Maria Cecilia Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - Agustín Anastasía
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Córdoba 5016, Argentina
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.F.B.)
| | - Pablo Federico Barcelona
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.F.B.)
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23
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Gospodinova KO, Olsen D, Kaas M, Anderson SM, Phillips J, Walker RM, Bermingham ML, Payne AL, Giannopoulos P, Pandya D, Spires-Jones TL, Abbott CM, Porteous DJ, Glerup S, Evans KL. Loss of SORCS2 is Associated with Neuronal DNA Double-Strand Breaks. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:237-249. [PMID: 34741697 PMCID: PMC9813074 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
SORCS2 is one of five proteins that constitute the Vps10p-domain receptor family. Members of this family play important roles in cellular processes linked to neuronal survival, differentiation and function. Genetic and functional studies implicate SORCS2 in cognitive function, as well as in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. DNA damage and DNA repair deficits are linked to ageing and neurodegeneration, and transient neuronal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) also occur as a result of neuronal activity. Here, we report a novel role for SORCS2 in DSB formation. We show that SorCS2 loss is associated with elevated DSB levels in the mouse dentate gyrus and that knocking out SORCS2 in a human neuronal cell line increased Topoisomerase IIβ-dependent DSB formation and reduced neuronal viability. Neuronal stimulation had no impact on levels of DNA breaks in vitro, suggesting that the observed differences may not be the result of aberrant neuronal activity in these cells. Our findings are consistent with studies linking the VPS10 receptors and DNA damage to neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina O. Gospodinova
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Ditte Olsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mathias Kaas
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Susan M. Anderson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Jonathan Phillips
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Rosie M. Walker
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK ,Present Address: University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB UK
| | - Mairead L. Bermingham
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Abigail L. Payne
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Panagiotis Giannopoulos
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Divya Pandya
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Tara L. Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD UK
| | - Catherine M. Abbott
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - David J. Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Simon Glerup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kathryn L. Evans
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
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24
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Zhang Y, Zhou A, Nian J, Liu S, Wei X. FSCN1 has a potential indication for the prognosis and regulates the migration of HNSCC. Cancer Biomark 2023; 38:161-176. [PMID: 37522194 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis is of great clinical significance for HNSCC patients. In this study, we proposed that FSCN1 has a potential indication for prognosis and is essential for the migration of HNSCC. METHODS We analyzed the expression and survival association of FSCN1 in HNSCC using TCGA data. We compared the expression of FSCN1 in tumors from primary and metastasis HNSCC patients using QPCR, western blotting, and immunochemistry staining. We determined the migration velocity of multiple HNSCC cell lines using a chemotaxis migration assay. We analyzed the correlation between FSCN1 expression and HNSCC cell migration. We also test the effect of FSCN1 knockdown and overexpression on HNSCC cell migration. RESULTS FSCN1 was overexpressed in HNSCC than pair normal tissues and metastasis HNSCC than primary HNSCC. FSCN1 expression was associated with significantly poorer overall survival of HNSCC patients. FSCN1 was potentially associated with immune cell infiltration and migration-associated genes. FSCN1 level was correlated with the migration in HNSCC cell lines. Knockdown of FSCN1 reduced the migration and the overexpression of FSCN1 promoted the migration of HNSCC cell lines. CONCLUSION FSCN1 is a potential prognostic marker and a critical biomolecule for the migration of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Anyan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medical, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jiabin Nian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shuzhou Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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25
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Liao AS, Cui W, Zhang YJ, Webster-Wood VA. Semi-Automated Quantitative Evaluation of Neuron Developmental Morphology In Vitro Using the Change-Point Test. Neuroinformatics 2023; 21:163-176. [PMID: 36070028 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-022-09600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuron morphology gives rise to distinct axons and dendrites and plays an essential role in neuronal functionality and circuit dynamics. In rat hippocampal neurons, morphological development occurs over roughly one week in vitro. This development has been qualitatively described as occurring in 5 stages. Still, there is a need to quantify cell growth to monitor cell culture health, understand cell responses to sensory cues, and compare experimental results and computational growth model predictions. To address this need, embryonic rat hippocampal neurons were observed in vitro over six days, and their processes were quantified using both standard morphometrics (degree, number of neurites, total length, and tortuosity) and new metrics (distance between change points, relative turning angle, and the number of change points) based on the Change-Point Test to track changes in path trajectories. Of the standard morphometrics, the total length of neurites per cell and the number of endpoints were significantly different between 0.5, 1.5, and 4 days in vitro, which are typically associated with Stages 2-4. Using the Change-Point Test, the number of change points and the average distance between change points per cell were also significantly different between those key time points. This work highlights key quantitative characteristics, both among common and novel morphometrics, that can describe neuron development in vitro and provides a foundation for analyzing directional changes in neurite growth for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee S Liao
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wenxin Cui
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yongjie Jessica Zhang
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Victoria A Webster-Wood
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America. .,Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, United States of America. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15260, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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Morano NC, Smith RS, Danelon V, Schreiner R, Patel U, Herrera NG, Smith C, Olson SM, Laerke MK, Celikgil A, Garforth SJ, Garrett-Thomson SC, Lee FS, Hempstead BL, Almo SC. Human immunomodulatory ligand B7-1 mediates synaptic remodeling via the p75 neurotrophin receptor. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e157002. [PMID: 36107635 PMCID: PMC9663165 DOI: 10.1172/jci157002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface receptors, ligands, and adhesion molecules underlie development, circuit formation, and synaptic function of the central nervous system and represent important therapeutic targets for many neuropathologies. The functional contributions of interactions between cell surface proteins of neurons and nonneuronal cells have not been fully addressed. Using an unbiased protein-protein interaction screen, we showed that the human immunomodulatory ligand B7-1 (hB7-1) interacts with the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and that the B7-1:p75NTR interaction is a recent evolutionary adaptation present in humans and other primates, but absent in mice, rats, and other lower mammals. The surface of hB7-1 that engages p75NTR overlaps with the hB7-1 surface involved in CTLA-4/CD28 recognition, and these molecules directly compete for binding to p75NTR. Soluble or membrane-bound hB7-1 altered dendritic morphology of cultured hippocampal neurons, with loss of the postsynaptic protein PSD95 in a p75NTR-dependent manner. Abatacept, an FDA-approved therapeutic (CTLA-4-hFc fusion) inhibited these processes. In vivo injection of hB7-1 into the murine subiculum, a hippocampal region affected in Alzheimer's disease, resulted in p75NTR-dependent pruning of dendritic spines. Here, we report the biochemical interaction between B7-1 and p75NTR, describe biological effects on neuronal morphology, and identify a therapeutic opportunity for treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C. Morano
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roshelle S. Smith
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Victor Danelon
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Organ Regeneration, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Uttsav Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Natalia G. Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carla Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven M. Olson
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michelle K. Laerke
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alev Celikgil
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott J. Garforth
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Francis S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Barbara L. Hempstead
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven C. Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Melatonin: A Neurotrophic Factor? MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227742. [PMID: 36431847 PMCID: PMC9698771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, is a hormone that synchronizes the internal environment with the photoperiod. It is synthesized in the pineal gland and greatly depends on the endogenous circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the retina's exposure to different light intensities. Among its most studied functions are the regulation of the waking-sleep rhythm and body temperature. Furthermore, melatonin has pleiotropic actions, which affect, for instance, the modulation of the immune and the cardiovascular systems, as well as the neuroprotection achieved by scavenging free radicals. Recent research has supported that melatonin contributes to neuronal survival, proliferation, and differentiation, such as dendritogenesis and axogenesis, and its processes are similar to those caused by Nerve Growth Factor, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Neurotrophin-3, and Neurotrophin-4/5. Furthermore, this indolamine has apoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions in specific brain regions akin to those exerted by neurotrophic factors. This review presents evidence suggesting melatonin's role as a neurotrophic factor, describes the signaling pathways involved in these processes, and, lastly, highlights the therapeutic implications involved.
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Cutuli D, Sampedro-Piquero P. BDNF and its Role in the Alcohol Abuse Initiated During Early Adolescence: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2202-2220. [PMID: 35748555 PMCID: PMC9886842 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220624111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial brain signaling protein that is integral to many signaling pathways. This neurotrophin has shown to be highly involved in brain plastic processes such as neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, axonal growth, and neurotransmission, among others. In the first part of this review, we revise the role of BDNF in different neuroplastic processes within the central nervous system. On the other hand, its deficiency in key neural circuits is associated with the development of psychiatric disorders, including alcohol abuse disorder. Many people begin to drink alcohol during adolescence, and it seems that changes in BDNF are evident after the adolescent regularly consumes alcohol. Therefore, the second part of this manuscript addresses the involvement of BDNF during adolescent brain maturation and how this process can be negatively affected by alcohol abuse. Finally, we propose different BNDF enhancers, both behavioral and pharmacological, which should be considered in the treatment of problematic alcohol consumption initiated during the adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Cutuli
- Department of Psychology, Medicine and Psychology Faculty, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy; ,I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Roma, Italy; ,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Spain and Cutuli, D. at Fondazione Santa Lucia. Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento. Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Roma, Italy; E-mails: ;
| | - Piquero Sampedro-Piquero
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Spain and Cutuli, D. at Fondazione Santa Lucia. Laboratorio di Neurofisiologia Sperimentale e del Comportamento. Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Roma, Italy; E-mails: ;
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Hunter JE, Campbell AE, Kerridge S, Fraser C, Hannaway NL, Luli S, Ivanova I, Brownridge PJ, Coxhead J, Taylor L, Leary P, Hasoon MSR, Eyers CE, Perkins ND. Up-regulation of the PI3K/AKT and RHO/RAC/PAK signalling pathways in CHK1 inhibitor resistant Eµ-Myc lymphoma cells. Biochem J 2022; 479:2131-2151. [PMID: 36240067 PMCID: PMC9704644 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of resistance and the activation of bypass pathway signalling represents a major problem for the clinical application of protein kinase inhibitors. While investigating the effect of either a c-Rel deletion or RelAT505A phosphosite knockin on the Eµ-Myc mouse model of B-cell lymphoma, we discovered that both NF-κB subunit mutations resulted in CHK1 inhibitor resistance, arising from either loss or alteration of CHK1 activity, respectively. However, since Eµ-Myc lymphomas depend on CHK1 activity to cope with high levels of DNA replication stress and consequent genomic instability, it was not clear how these mutant NF-κB subunit lymphomas were able to survive. To understand these survival mechanisms and to identify potential compensatory bypass signalling pathways in these lymphomas, we applied a multi-omics strategy. With c-Rel-/- Eµ-Myc lymphomas we observed high levels of Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT pathway activation. Moreover, treatment with the PI3K inhibitor Pictilisib (GDC-0941) selectively inhibited the growth of reimplanted c-Rel-/- and RelAT505A, but not wild type (WT) Eµ-Myc lymphomas. We also observed up-regulation of a RHO/RAC pathway gene expression signature in both Eµ-Myc NF-κB subunit mutation models. Further investigation demonstrated activation of the RHO/RAC effector p21-activated kinase (PAK) 2. Here, the PAK inhibitor, PF-3758309 successfully overcame resistance of RelAT505A but not WT lymphomas. These findings demonstrate that up-regulation of multiple bypass pathways occurs in CHK1 inhibitor resistant Eµ-Myc lymphomas. Consequently, drugs targeting these pathways could potentially be used as either second line or combinatorial therapies to aid the successful clinical application of CHK1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E. Hunter
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Scott Kerridge
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Callum Fraser
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Hannaway
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging (PIVI), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Iglika Ivanova
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Leigh Taylor
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Peter Leary
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Megan S. R. Hasoon
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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31
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Mehta PM, Gimenez G, Walker RJ, Slatter TL. Reduction of lithium induced interstitial fibrosis on co-administration with amiloride. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14598. [PMID: 36028651 PMCID: PMC9418221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term administration of lithium is associated with chronic interstitial fibrosis that is partially reduced with exposure to amiloride. We examined potential pathways of how amiloride may reduce interstitial fibrosis. Amiloride was administered to a rat model of lithium induced interstitial fibrosis over a long term (6 months), as well as for short terms of 14 and 28 days. Kidney cortical tissue was subjected to RNA sequencing and microRNA expression analysis. Gene expression changes of interest were confirmed using immunohistochemistry on kidney tissue. Pathways identified by RNA sequencing of kidney tissue were related to 'promoting inflammation' for lithium and 'reducing inflammation' for amiloride. Validation of candidate genes found amiloride reduced inflammatory components induced by lithium including NF-κB/p65Ser536 and activated pAKTSer473, and increased p53 mediated regulatory function through increased p21 in damaged tubular epithelial cells. Amiloride also reduced the amount of Notch1 positive PDGFrβ pericytes and infiltrating CD3 cells in the interstitium. Thus, amiloride attenuates a multitude of pro-inflammatory components induced by lithium. This suggests amiloride could be repurposed as a possible anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic agent to prevent or reduce the development of chronic interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulomi M Mehta
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Gimenez
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert J Walker
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tania L Slatter
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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32
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Szarowicz CA, Steece-Collier K, Caulfield ME. New Frontiers in Neurodegeneration and Regeneration Associated with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and the rs6265 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148011. [PMID: 35887357 PMCID: PMC9319713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is an extensively studied neurotrophin implicated in the pathology of multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, traumatic brain injury, major de-pressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Here we provide a brief summary of current knowledge on the role of BDNF and the common human single nucleotide polymorphism, rs6265, in driving the pathogenesis and rehabilitation in these disorders, as well as the status of BDNF-targeted therapies. A common trend has emerged correlating low BDNF levels, either detected within the central nervous system or peripherally, to disease states, suggesting that BDNF replacement therapies may hold clinical promise. In addition, we introduce evidence for a distinct role of the BDNF pro-peptide as a biologically active ligand and the need for continuing studies on its neurological function outside of that as a molecular chaperone. Finally, we highlight the latest research describing the role of rs6265 expression in mechanisms of neurodegeneration as well as paradoxical advances in the understanding of this genetic variant in neuroregeneration. All of this is discussed in the context of personalized medicine, acknowledging there is no “one size fits all” therapy for neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders and that continued study of the multiple BDNF isoforms and genetic variants represents an avenue for discovery ripe with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlye A. Szarowicz
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
| | - Margaret E. Caulfield
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-616-234-0969; Fax: +1- 616-234-0991
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D’Aurizio R, Catona O, Pitasi M, Li YE, Ren B, Nicolis SK. Bridging between Mouse and Human Enhancer-Promoter Long-Range Interactions in Neural Stem Cells, to Understand Enhancer Function in Neurodevelopmental Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147964. [PMID: 35887306 PMCID: PMC9322198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding variation in complex human disease has been well established by genome-wide association studies, and is thought to involve regulatory elements, such as enhancers, whose variation affects the expression of the gene responsible for the disease. The regulatory elements often lie far from the gene they regulate, or within introns of genes differing from the regulated gene, making it difficult to identify the gene whose function is affected by a given enhancer variation. Enhancers are connected to their target gene promoters via long-range physical interactions (loops). In our study, we re-mapped, onto the human genome, more than 10,000 enhancers connected to promoters via long-range interactions, that we had previously identified in mouse brain-derived neural stem cells by RNApolII-ChIA-PET analysis, coupled to ChIP-seq mapping of DNA/chromatin regions carrying epigenetic enhancer marks. These interactions are thought to be functionally relevant. We discovered, in the human genome, thousands of DNA regions syntenic with the interacting mouse DNA regions (enhancers and connected promoters). We further annotated these human regions regarding their overlap with sequence variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs; copy number variants, CNVs), that were previously associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans. We document various cases in which the genetic variant, associated in humans to neurodevelopmental disease, affects an enhancer involved in long-range interactions: SNPs, previously identified by genome-wide association studies to be associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and intelligence, are located within our human syntenic enhancers, and alter transcription factor recognition sites. Similarly, CNVs associated to autism spectrum disease and other neurodevelopmental disorders overlap with our human syntenic enhancers. Some of these enhancers are connected (in mice) to homologs of genes already associated to the human disease, strengthening the hypothesis that the gene is indeed involved in the disease. Other enhancers are connected to genes not previously associated with the disease, pointing to their possible pathogenetic involvement. Our observations provide a resource for further exploration of neural disease, in parallel with the now widespread genome-wide identification of DNA variants in patients with neural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina D’Aurizio
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Orazio Catona
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Mattia Pitasi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.P.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Yang Eric Li
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (Y.E.L.); (B.R.)
| | - Bing Ren
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (Y.E.L.); (B.R.)
| | - Silvia Kirsten Nicolis
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (M.P.); (S.K.N.)
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Omar NA, Kumar J, Teoh SL. Neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4: The unsung heroes that lies behind the meninges. Neuropeptides 2022; 92:102226. [PMID: 35030377 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophin is a growth factor that regulates the development and repair of the nervous system. From all factors, two pioneer groups, the nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been widely explored for their role in disease pathogenesis and potential use as therapeutic agents. Nonetheless, neurotrophin-3 (NT3) and neurotrophin-4 (NT4) also have promising potential, albeit less popular than their counterparts. This review focuses on the latter two factors and their roles in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and potential therapies. An extensive literature search of NT3 and NT4 with their receptors, the TrkB and TrkC on the nervous system were extracted and analyzed. We found that NT3 and NT4 are not only involved in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases, but also have promising therapeutic potential on injury- and vascular-related nervous system disease, neuropsychiatry, neurodegeneration and peripheral nerve diseases. In conclusion, the role of NT3 and NT4 should be further emphasized, and more studies could be explored on the potential use of these neurotrophins in the human study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Azzizah Omar
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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35
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Fading memories in aging and neurodegeneration: Is p75 neurotrophin receptor a culprit? Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101567. [PMID: 35051645 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have become one of the major concerns in modern times as cognitive abilities tend to decline when we get older. It is well known that the main cause of this age-related cognitive deficit is due to aberrant changes in cellular, molecular circuitry and signaling pathways underlying synaptic plasticity and neuronal connections. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is one of the important mediators regulating the fate of the neurons in the nervous system. Its importance in neuronal apoptosis is well documented. However, the mechanisms involving the regulation of p75NTR in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function remain obscure, although cognitive impairment has been associated with a higher expression of p75NTR in neurons. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of how neurons are influenced by p75NTR function to maintain normal neuronal synaptic strength and connectivity, particularly to support learning and memory in the hippocampus. We then discuss the age-associated alterations in neurophysiological mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Furthermore, we also describe current evidence that has begun to elucidate how p75NTR regulates synaptic changes in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the hippocampus. Elucidating the role that p75NTR signaling plays in regulating synaptic plasticity will contribute to a better understanding of cognitive processes and pathological conditions. This will in turn provide novel approaches to improve therapies for the treatment of neurological diseases in which p75NTR dysfunction has been demonstrated.
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36
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Artemieva LE, Mineev KS, Arseniev AS, Goncharuk SA. Expression, purification and characterization of SORCS2 intracellular domain for structural studies. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 193:106058. [PMID: 35114376 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophin signaling pathways are one of the major cascades in neuronal development and involved in many key processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, synaptic plasticity, axonal growth. In addition to the main classes of neurotrophin receptors, Trk and P75NTR, there are many auxiliary proteins, which can also bind neurotrophins and regulate the signaling pathways. The versatility of interactions between them could explain multiple and completely opposite biological outcomes such as cell survival or apoptosis. Membrane protein SorCS2, a vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein-domain receptor, interacts with P75NTR and controls the activity of Trk receptors. The abnormal functioning of SorCS2 is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. But the mechanism of SorCS2 activation and basis of the interaction with P75NTR has remained elusive. Herein, we describe two efficient approaches for the intracellular domain of the SorCS2 production employing bacterial and cell-free expression systems, as well as purification and refolding protocols. Finally, we characterized the purified protein by DLS and NMR and demonstrated that the protein sample is suitable for structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Artemieva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - K S Mineev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Arseniev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Goncharuk
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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37
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Sex-Based Differences in Cardiac Gene Expression and Function in BDNF Val66Met Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137002. [PMID: 34210092 PMCID: PMC8269163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a pleiotropic neuronal growth and survival factor that is indispensable in the brain, as well as in multiple other tissues and organs, including the cardiovascular system. In approximately 30% of the general population, BDNF harbors a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism that may be associated with cardiometabolic disorders, coronary artery disease, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy. We recently showed that transgenic mice with the human BDNF rs6265 polymorphism (Val66Met) exhibit altered cardiac function, and that cardiomyocytes isolated from these mice are also less contractile. To identify the underlying mechanisms involved, we compared cardiac function by echocardiography and performed deep sequencing of RNA extracted from whole hearts of all three genotypes (Val/Val, Val/Met, and Met/Met) of both male and female Val66Met mice. We found female-specific cardiac alterations in both heterozygous and homozygous carriers, including increased systolic (26.8%, p = 0.047) and diastolic diameters (14.9%, p = 0.022), increased systolic (57.9%, p = 0.039) and diastolic volumes (32.7%, p = 0.026), and increased stroke volume (25.9%, p = 0.033), with preserved ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Both males and females exhibited lower heart rates, but this change was more pronounced in female mice than in males. Consistent with phenotypic observations, the gene encoding SERCA2 (Atp2a2) was reduced in homozygous Met/Met mice but more profoundly in females compared to males. Enriched functions in females with the Met allele included cardiac hypertrophy in response to stress, with down-regulation of the gene encoding titin (Tcap) and upregulation of BNP (Nppb), in line with altered cardiac functional parameters. Homozygous male mice on the other hand exhibited an inflammatory profile characterized by interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-mediated Th1 immune responses. These results provide evidence for sex-based differences in how the BDNF polymorphism modifies cardiac physiology, including female-specific alterations of cardiac-specific transcripts and male-specific activation of inflammatory targets.
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Covaceuszach S, Peche L, Konarev P, Lamba D. A combined evolutionary and structural approach to disclose the primary structural determinants essential for proneurotrophins biological functions. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2891-2904. [PMID: 34094000 PMCID: PMC8144349 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophins, i.e., Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and Neurotrophin 4 (NT4), are known to play a range of crucial functions in the developing and adult peripheral and central nervous systems. Initially synthesized as precursors, i.e., proneurotrophins (proNTs), that are cleaved to release C-terminal mature forms, they act through two types of receptors, the specific Trk receptors (Tropomyosin-related kinases) and the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, to initiate survival and differentiative responses. Recently, all the proNTs but proNT4 have been demonstrated to be not just inactive precursors, but signaling ligands that mediate opposing actions in fundamental aspects of the nervous system with respect to the mature counterparts through dual-receptor complexes formation with a member of the VPS10 family and p75NTR. Despite the functional relevance, the molecular determinants underpinning the interactions between the pro-domains and their receptors are still elusive probably due to their intrinsically disordered nature. Here we present an evolutionary approach coupled to an experimental study aiming to uncover the structural and dynamical basis of the biological function displayed by proNGF, proBDNF and proNT3 but missing in proNT4. A bioinformatic analysis allowed to elucidate the functional adaptability of the proNTs family in vertebrates, identifying conserved key structural features. The combined biochemical and SAXS experiments shed lights on the structure and dynamic behavior of the human proNTs in solution, giving insights on the evolutionary conserved structural motifs, essential for the multifaceted roles of proNTs in physiological as well as in pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Covaceuszach
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - L.Y. Peche
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
| | - P.V. Konarev
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Lamba
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium “Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute”, Roma, Italy
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Dorschner BW, Wiedemuth R, Funke AC, Gentzel M, Rogers ML, Brenner S, Thieme S. Listening to the Whispers in Neuroimmune Crosstalk: A Comprehensive Workflow to Investigate Neurotrophin Receptor p75NTR Under Endogenous, Low Abundance Conditions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:648283. [PMID: 33936068 PMCID: PMC8085361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory conditions are critically influenced by neuroimmune crosstalk. Cytokines and neurotrophic factors shape the responses of both nervous and immune systems. Although much progress has been made, most findings to date are based on expression of recombinant (tagged) proteins. The examination of receptor interactions by immunoprecipitation (IP) at endogenous levels provides further insight into the more subtle regulations of immune responses. Here, we present a comprehensive workflow and an optimized IP protocol that provide step-by-step instructions to investigate neurotrophin receptor p75NTR at endogenous, low abundance levels: from lysate preparation and confirmation of receptor expression to antibody validation and successful detection of protein-protein interactions. We employ human melanoma cell line A375 to validate specific antibodies and IP conditions, and apply these methods to explore p75NTR interactions in human leukemic plasmacytoid dendritic cell line PMDC05 detecting 14-3-3ϵ:p75NTR interaction in this cell type. With p75NTR as an exemplary protein, our approach provides a strategy to detect specific interaction partners even under endogenous, low abundance expression conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Dorschner
- Experimental Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Wiedemuth
- Experimental Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Funke
- Experimental Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Gentzel
- Molecular Analysis - Mass Spectrometry, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mary-Louise Rogers
- Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sebastian Brenner
- Experimental Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thieme
- Experimental Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
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40
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Baker LA, Momen M, McNally R, Berres ME, Binversie EE, Sample SJ, Muir P. Biologically Enhanced Genome-Wide Association Study Provides Further Evidence for Candidate Loci and Discovers Novel Loci That Influence Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture in a Dog Model. Front Genet 2021; 12:593515. [PMID: 33763109 PMCID: PMC7982834 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.593515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common condition that disproportionately affects young people, 50% of whom will develop knee osteoarthritis (OA) within 10 years of rupture. ACL rupture exhibits both hereditary and environmental risk factors, but the genetic basis of the disease remains unexplained. Spontaneous ACL rupture in the dog has a similar disease presentation and progression, making it a valuable genomic model for ACL rupture. We leveraged the dog model with Bayesian mixture model (BMM) analysis (BayesRC) to identify novel and relevant genetic variants associated with ACL rupture. We performed RNA sequencing of ACL and synovial tissue and assigned single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within differentially expressed genes to biological prior classes. SNPs with the largest effects were on chromosomes 3, 5, 7, 9, and 24. Selection signature analysis identified several regions under selection in ACL rupture cases compared to controls. These selection signatures overlapped with genome-wide associations with ACL rupture as well as morphological traits. Notable findings include differentially expressed ACSF3 with MC1R (coat color) and an association on chromosome 7 that overlaps the boundaries of SMAD2 (weight and body size). Smaller effect associations were within or near genes associated with regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, including several collagen genes. The results of the current analysis are consistent with previous work published by our laboratory and others, and also highlight new genes in biological pathways that have not previously been associated with ACL rupture. The genetic associations identified in this study mirror those found in human beings, which lays the groundwork for development of disease-modifying therapies for both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Baker
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mehdi Momen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Rachel McNally
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mark E Berres
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Emily E Binversie
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Susannah J Sample
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peter Muir
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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41
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Yang J, Ma Q, Dincheva I, Giza J, Jing D, Marinic T, Milner TA, Rajadhyaksha A, Lee FS, Hempstead BL. SorCS2 is required for social memory and trafficking of the NMDA receptor. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:927-940. [PMID: 31988435 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Social memory processing requires functional CA2 neurons, however the specific mechanisms that regulate their activity are poorly understood. Here, we document that SorCS2, a member of the family of the Vps10 family of sorting receptors, is highly expressed in pyramidal neurons of CA2, as well as ventral CA1, a circuit implicated in social memory. SorCS2 specifically localizes to the postsynaptic density and endosomes within dendritic spines of CA2 neurons. We have discovered that SorCS2 is a selective regulator of NMDA receptor surface trafficking in hippocampal neurons, without altering AMPA receptor trafficking. In addition, SorCS2 regulates dendritic spine density in CA2 neurons where SorCS2 expression is enriched, but not in dorsal CA1 neurons, which normally express very low levels of this protein. To specifically test the role of SorCS2 in behavior, we generated a novel SorCS2-deficient mouse, and identify a significant social memory deficit, with no change in sociability, olfaction, anxiety, or several hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Mutations in sorCS2 have been associated with bipolar disease, schizophrenia, and attention deficient-hyperactivity disorder, and abnormalities in social memory are core components of these neuropsychiatric conditions. Thus, our findings provide a new mechanism for social memory formation, through regulating synaptic receptor trafficking in pyramidal neurons by SorCS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Qian Ma
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Iva Dincheva
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joanna Giza
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Science, Borough of Manhattan Community College, The City University of New York, 199 Chambers Street N699J, New York, NY, 10007, USA
| | - Deqiang Jing
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Tina Marinic
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Teresa A Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Barbara L Hempstead
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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42
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Pathak A, Clark S, Bronfman FC, Deppmann CD, Carter BD. Long-distance regressive signaling in neural development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2021; 10:e382. [PMID: 32391977 PMCID: PMC7655682 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nervous system development proceeds via well-orchestrated processes involving a balance between progressive and regressive events including stabilization or elimination of axons, synapses, and even entire neurons. These progressive and regressive events are driven by functionally antagonistic signaling pathways with the dominant pathway eventually determining whether a neural element is retained or removed. Many of these developmental sculpting events are triggered by final target innervation necessitating a long-distance mode of communication. While long-distance progressive signaling has been well characterized, particularly for neurotrophic factors, there remains relatively little known about how regressive events are triggered from a distance. Here we discuss the emergent phenomenon of long-distance regressive signaling pathways. In particular, we will cover (a) progressive and regressive cues known to be employed after target innervation, (b) the mechanisms of long-distance signaling from an endosomal platform, (c) recent evidence that long-distance regressive cues emanate from platforms like death receptors or repulsive axon guidance receptors, and (d) evidence that these pathways are exploited in pathological scenarios. This article is categorized under: Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles Signaling Pathways > Global Signaling Mechanisms Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shayla Clark
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher D. Deppmann
- Departments of Biology, Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering, and Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bruce D. Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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43
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Olsen D, Wellner N, Kaas M, de Jong IEM, Sotty F, Didriksen M, Glerup S, Nykjaer A. Altered dopaminergic firing pattern and novelty response underlie ADHD-like behavior of SorCS2-deficient mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:74. [PMID: 33495438 PMCID: PMC7835366 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide. Affected individuals present with hyperactivity, inattention, and cognitive deficits and display a characteristic paradoxical response to drugs affecting the dopaminergic system. However, the underlying pathophysiology of ADHD and how this relates to dopaminergic transmission remains to be fully understood. Sorcs2-/- mice uniquely recapitulate symptoms reminiscent of ADHD in humans. Here, we show that lack of SorCS2 in mice results in lower sucrose intake, indicating general reward deficits. Using in-vivo recordings, we further find that dopaminergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is shifted towards a more regular firing pattern with marked reductions in the relative occurrence of irregular firing in Sorcs2-/- mice. This was paralleled by abnormal acute behavioral responses to dopamine receptor agonists, suggesting fundamental differences in dopaminergic circuits and indicating a perturbation in the balance between the activities of the postsynaptic dopamine receptor DRD1 and the presynaptic inhibitory autoreceptor DRD2. Interestingly, the hyperactivity and drug response of Sorcs2-/- mice were markedly affected by novelty. Taken together, our findings show how loss of a candidate ADHD-risk gene has marked effects on dopaminergic circuit function and the behavioral response to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Olsen
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark ,grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Neurodegeneration and Biologics, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Present Address: Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Niels Wellner
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE Nordic-EMBL Partnership, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mathias Kaas
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Inge E. M. de Jong
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Neurodegeneration and Biologics, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Florence Sotty
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Neurodegeneration and Biologics, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Michael Didriksen
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Neurodegeneration and Biologics, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Simon Glerup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDRITE Nordic-EMBL Partnership, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,The Danish National Research Foundation Center PROMEMO, Aarhus University, Hoegh-Guldbergsgade 10, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Skejby University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
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The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265) enhances dopamine neuron graft efficacy and side-effect liability in rs6265 knock-in rats. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105175. [PMID: 33188920 PMCID: PMC7855552 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalent in approximately 20% of the worldwide human population, the
rs6265 (also called ‘Val66Met’) single nucleotide polymorphism
(SNP) in the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
is a common genetic variant that can alter therapeutic responses in individuals
with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Possession of the variant Met allele
results in decreased activity-dependent release of BDNF. Given the resurgent
worldwide interest in neural transplantation for PD and the biological relevance
of BDNF, the current studies examined the effects of the rs6265 SNP on
therapeutic efficacy and side-effect development following primary dopamine (DA)
neuron transplantation. Considering the significant reduction in BDNF release
associated with rs6265, we hypothesized that rs6265-mediated dysfunctional BDNF
signaling contributes to the limited clinical benefit observed in a
subpopulation of PD patients despite robust survival of grafted DA neurons, and
further, that this mutation contributes to the development of aberrant
graft-induced dyskinesias (GID). To this end, we generated a CRISPR knock-in rat
model of the rs6265 BDNF SNP to examine for the first time the
influence of a common genetic polymorphism on graft survival, functional
efficacy, and side-effect liability, comparing these parameters between
wild-type (Val/Val) rats and those homozygous for the variant Met allele
(Met/Met). Counter to our hypothesis, the current research indicates that
Met/Met rats show enhanced graft-associated therapeutic efficacy and a
paradoxical enhancement of graft-derived neurite outgrowth compared to wild-type
rats. However, consistent with our hypothesis, we demonstrate that the rs6265
genotype in the host rat is strongly linked to development of GID, and that this
behavioral phenotype is significantly correlated with neurochemical signatures
of atypical glutamatergic neurotransmission by grafted DA neurons.
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45
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VPS10P Domain Receptors: Sorting Out Brain Health and Disease. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:870-885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hippocampal metabolite concentrations in schizophrenia vary in association with rare gene variants in the TRIO gene. Schizophr Res 2020; 224:167-169. [PMID: 33183947 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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47
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Maltby CJ, Schofield JPR, Houghton SD, O’Kelly I, Vargas-Caballero M, Deinhardt K, Coldwell MJ. A 5' UTR GGN repeat controls localisation and translation of a potassium leak channel mRNA through G-quadruplex formation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:9822-9839. [PMID: 32870280 PMCID: PMC7515701 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) are secondary structures proposed to function as regulators of post-transcriptional mRNA localisation and translation. G4s within some neuronal mRNAs are known to control distal localisation and local translation, contributing to distinct local proteomes that facilitate the synaptic remodelling attributed to normal cellular function. In this study, we characterise the G4 formation of a (GGN)13 repeat found within the 5' UTR of the potassium 2-pore domain leak channel Task3 mRNA. Biophysical analyses show that this (GGN)13 repeat forms a parallel G4 in vitro exhibiting the stereotypical potassium specificity of G4s, remaining thermostable under physiological ionic conditions. Through mouse brain tissue G4-RNA immunoprecipitation, we further confirm that Task3 mRNA forms a G4 structure in vivo. The G4 is inhibitory to translation of Task3 in vitro and is overcome through activity of a G4-specific helicase DHX36, increasing K+ leak currents and membrane hyperpolarisation in HEK293 cells. Further, we observe that this G4 is fundamental to ensuring delivery of Task3 mRNA to distal primary cortical neurites. It has been shown that aberrant Task3 expression correlates with neuronal dysfunction, we therefore posit that this G4 is important in regulated local expression of Task3 leak channels that maintain K+ leak within neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Maltby
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - James P R Schofield
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Steven D Houghton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ita O’Kelly
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
| | | | - Katrin Deinhardt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Mark J Coldwell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
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48
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Revising the mechanism of p75NTR activation: intrinsically monomeric state of death domains invokes the "helper" hypothesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13686. [PMID: 32792564 PMCID: PMC7427093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR plays crucial roles in neuron development and regulates important neuronal processes like degeneration, apoptosis and cell survival. At the same time the detailed mechanism of signal transduction is unclear. One of the main hypotheses known as the snail-tong mechanism assumes that in the inactive state, the death domains interact with each other and in response to ligand binding there is a conformational change leading to their exposure. Here, we show that neither rat nor human p75NTR death domains homodimerize in solution. Moreover, there is no interaction between the death domains in a more native context: the dimerization of transmembrane domains in liposomes and the presence of activating mutation in extracellular juxtamembrane region do not lead to intracellular domain interaction. These findings suggest that the activation mechanism of p75NTR should be revised. Thus, we propose a novel model of p75NTR functioning based on interaction with "helper" protein.
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49
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Chataigner LMP, Leloup N, Janssen BJC. Structural Perspectives on Extracellular Recognition and Conformational Changes of Several Type-I Transmembrane Receptors. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:129. [PMID: 32850948 PMCID: PMC7427315 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-I transmembrane proteins represent a large group of 1,412 proteins in humans with a multitude of functions in cells and tissues. They are characterized by an extracellular, or luminal, N-terminus followed by a single transmembrane helix and a cytosolic C-terminus. The domain composition and structures of the extracellular and intercellular segments differ substantially amongst its members. Most of the type-I transmembrane proteins have roles in cell signaling processes, as ligands or receptors, and in cellular adhesion. The extracellular segment often determines specificity and can control signaling and adhesion. Here we focus on recent structural understanding on how the extracellular segments of several diverse type-I transmembrane proteins engage in interactions and can undergo conformational changes for their function. Interactions at the extracellular side by proteins on the same cell or between cells are enhanced by the transmembrane setting. Extracellular conformational domain rearrangement and structural changes within domains alter the properties of the proteins and are used to regulate signaling events. The combination of structural properties and interactions can support the formation of larger-order assemblies on the membrane surface that are important for cellular adhesion and intercellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M P Chataigner
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nadia Leloup
- Structural Biology and Protein Biochemistry, Morphic Therapeutic, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Bert J C Janssen
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Malik AR, Szydlowska K, Nizinska K, Asaro A, van Vliet EA, Popp O, Dittmar G, Fritsche-Guenther R, Kirwan JA, Nykjaer A, Lukasiuk K, Aronica E, Willnow TE. SorCS2 Controls Functional Expression of Amino Acid Transporter EAAT3 and Protects Neurons from Oxidative Stress and Epilepsy-Induced Pathology. Cell Rep 2020; 26:2792-2804.e6. [PMID: 30840898 PMCID: PMC6410498 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
VPS10P domain receptors emerge as central regulators of intracellular protein sorting in neurons with relevance for various brain pathologies. Here, we identified a role for the family member SorCS2 in protection of neurons from oxidative stress and epilepsy-induced cell death. We show that SorCS2 acts as sorting receptor that sustains cell surface expression of the neuronal amino acid transporter EAAT3 to facilitate import of cysteine, required for synthesis of the reactive oxygen species scavenger glutathione. Lack of SorCS2 causes depletion of EAAT3 from the plasma membrane and impairs neuronal cysteine uptake. As a consequence, SorCS2-deficient mice exhibit oxidative brain damage that coincides with enhanced neuronal cell death and increased mortality during epilepsy. Our findings highlight a protective role for SorCS2 in neuronal stress response and provide a possible explanation for upregulation of this receptor seen in surviving neurons of the human epileptic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Malik
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kinga Szydlowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Nizinska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antonino Asaro
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Erwin A van Vliet
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver Popp
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Raphaela Fritsche-Guenther
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- MIND Center, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, The Danish Research Foundation Center PROMEMO, Departments of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, and Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000C Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katarzyna Lukasiuk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), 2103 SW Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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