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Saini N, Naaz A, Metur SP, Gahlot P, Walvekar A, Dutta A, Davathamizhan U, Sarin A, Laxman S. Methionine uptake via the SLC43A2 transporter is essential for regulatory T-cell survival. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/12/e202201663. [PMID: 36260753 PMCID: PMC9463494 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells survive after IL-2 withdrawal by taking up and using methionine through the SLC43A2 transporter in a Notch1-dependent manner. Cell death, survival, or growth decisions in T-cell subsets depend on interplay between cytokine-dependent and metabolic processes. The metabolic requirements of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) for their survival and how these are satisfied remain unclear. Herein, we identified a necessary requirement of methionine uptake and usage for Tregs survival upon IL-2 deprivation. Activated Tregs have high methionine uptake and usage to S-adenosyl methionine, and this uptake is essential for Tregs survival in conditions of IL-2 deprivation. We identify a solute carrier protein SLC43A2 transporter, regulated in a Notch1-dependent manner that is necessary for this methionine uptake and Tregs viability. Collectively, we uncover a specifically regulated mechanism of methionine import in Tregs that is required for cells to adapt to cytokine withdrawal. We highlight the need for methionine availability and metabolism in contextually regulating cell death in this immunosuppressive population of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saini
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Afsana Naaz
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Shree Padma Metur
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Pinki Gahlot
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Adhish Walvekar
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anupam Dutta
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Apurva Sarin
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Saini N, Lakshminarayanan S, Kundu P, Sarin A. Notch1 Modulation of Cellular Calcium Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolism and Anti-Apoptotic Activity in T-Regulatory Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832159. [PMID: 35222416 PMCID: PMC8866856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As the major hub of metabolic activity and an organelle sequestering pro-apoptogenic intermediates, mitochondria lie at the crossroads of cellular decisions of death and survival. Intracellular calcium is a key regulator of these outcomes with rapid, uncontrolled uptake into mitochondria, activating pro-apoptotic cascades that trigger cell death. Here, we show that calcium uptake and mitochondrial metabolism in murine T-regulatory cells (Tregs) is tuned by Notch1 activity. Based on analysis of Tregs and the HEK cell line, we present evidence that modulation of cellular calcium dynamics underpins Notch1 regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and consequently anti-apoptotic activity. Targeted siRNA-mediated ablations reveal dependency on molecules controlling calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the chaperone, glucose-regulated protein 75 (Grp75), the associated protein Voltage Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC)1 and the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU), which together facilitate ER calcium transfer and uptake into the mitochondria. Endogenous Notch1 is detected in immune-complexes with Grp75 and VDAC1. Deficits in mitochondrial oxidative and survival in Notch1 deficient Tregs, were corrected by the expression of recombinant Notch1 intracellular domain, and in part by recombinant Grp75. Thus, the modulation of calcium dynamics and consequently mitochondrial metabolism underlies Treg survival in conditions of nutrient stress. This work positions a key role for Notch1 activity in these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saini
- Regulation of Cell Fate, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bengaluru, India.,Department of Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sowmya Lakshminarayanan
- National Centre for Biological Science, TATA Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Kundu
- National Centre for Biological Science, TATA Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Apurva Sarin
- Regulation of Cell Fate, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bengaluru, India
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Harb H, Benamar M, Lai PS, Contini P, Griffith JW, Crestani E, Schmitz-Abe K, Chen Q, Fong J, Marri L, Filaci G, Del Zotto G, Pishesha N, Kolifrath S, Broggi A, Ghosh S, Gelmez MY, Oktelik FB, Cetin EA, Kiykim A, Kose M, Wang Z, Cui Y, Yu XG, Li JZ, Berra L, Stephen-Victor E, Charbonnier LM, Zanoni I, Ploegh H, Deniz G, De Palma R, Chatila TA. Notch4 signaling limits regulatory T-cell-mediated tissue repair and promotes severe lung inflammation in viral infections. Immunity 2021; 54:1186-1199.e7. [PMID: 33915108 PMCID: PMC8080416 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A cardinal feature of COVID-19 is lung inflammation and respiratory failure. In a prospective multi-country cohort of COVID-19 patients, we found that increased Notch4 expression on circulating regulatory T (Treg) cells was associated with disease severity, predicted mortality, and declined upon recovery. Deletion of Notch4 in Treg cells or therapy with anti-Notch4 antibodies in conventional and humanized mice normalized the dysregulated innate immunity and rescued disease morbidity and mortality induced by a synthetic analog of viral RNA or by influenza H1N1 virus. Mechanistically, Notch4 suppressed the induction by interleukin-18 of amphiregulin, a cytokine necessary for tissue repair. Protection by Notch4 inhibition was recapitulated by therapy with Amphiregulin and, reciprocally, abrogated by its antagonism. Amphiregulin declined in COVID-19 subjects as a function of disease severity and Notch4 expression. Thus, Notch4 expression on Treg cells dynamically restrains amphiregulin-dependent tissue repair to promote severe lung inflammation, with therapeutic implications for COVID-19 and related infections.
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MESH Headings
- Amphiregulin/pharmacology
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Susceptibility
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunomodulation/drug effects
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Influenza A virus/physiology
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Lung/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pneumonia, Viral/etiology
- Pneumonia, Viral/metabolism
- Pneumonia, Viral/pathology
- Receptor, Notch4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Notch4/genetics
- Receptor, Notch4/metabolism
- Severity of Illness Index
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Harb
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehdi Benamar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peggy S Lai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paola Contini
- Deptartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Unit of Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Jason W Griffith
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elena Crestani
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Fong
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luca Marri
- Unit of Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Genny Del Zotto
- Department of Research and Diagnostics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen Kolifrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Achille Broggi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sreya Ghosh
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Metin Yusuf Gelmez
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betul Oktelik
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Aktas Cetin
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ye Cui
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xu G Yu
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Berra
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emmanuel Stephen-Victor
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hidde Ploegh
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine (Aziz Sancar DETAE), Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- Deptartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Unit of Clinical Immunology and Translational Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (IBC), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Saini N, Sarin A. Nucleolar localization of the Notch4 intracellular domain underpins its regulation of the cellular response to genotoxic stressors. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:7. [PMID: 32123583 PMCID: PMC7029026 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0242-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell survival is one of the many cellular processes regulated by Notch family of proteins. A comparison of human breast cancer cell lines, which differ in the levels of endogenous Notch4, implicated the protein in regulating susceptibility to apoptosis triggered by genomic damage. In agreement with this observation, increased susceptibility to genotoxic damage was observed following siRNA ablations of Notch4 in two breast cancer cell lines. Further, overexpressing Notch4 intracellular domain (NIC4) tagged to GFP (NIC4-GFP), protected cells from apoptosis triggered by genotoxic drugs. In cells immune-stained for endogenous Notch4, protein was detected in the nucleolus and nucleoplasm, which was also confirmed by the co-localization of NIC4-GFP with RFP-tagged nucleolar proteins in breast cancer cells or the unrelated HEK cell line. Linking functional outcomes to nucleolar localization, NIC4-GFP protection from apoptosis, required the nucleolar proteins Nucleolin and Fibrillarin. Consistently, immunoprecipitation analysis revealed associations between nucleolar proteins-Nucleolin and Nucleophosmin-and Notch4. Microscopy-based biophysical analysis of live cells showed that nucleolar and nucleoplasmic pools of NIC4-GFP are mobile, with some sequestration of nucleolar NIC4-GFP pools. A nucleolar excluded form, NIC4_3RA-GFP, generated by site-directed mutagenesis of the nucleolar localization sequence in NIC4, could not protect from apoptosis triggered by genotoxic stressors. However, transcriptional activity or protection from apoptosis triggered by endoplasmic stress was comparable in cells expressing NIC4_3RA-GFP or NIC4-GFP. Together, the data show that nucleolar localization of NIC4 is critical for the regulation of genomic damage and may be uncoupled from its activities in the nucleoplasm. This study identifies intrinsic features of NIC4 that regulate signaling outcomes activated by the receptor by controlling its spatial localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saini
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bellary Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
- Department of Biology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Apurva Sarin
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bellary Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
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Knudsen JR, Fritzen AM, James DE, Jensen TE, Kleinert M, Richter EA. Growth Factor-Dependent and -Independent Activation of mTORC2. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:13-24. [PMID: 31699566 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The target of rapamycin complex 2 (TORC2) was discovered in 2002 in budding yeast. Its mammalian counterpart, mTORC2, was first described in 2004. Soon thereafter it was demonstrated that mTORC2 directly phosphorylates Akt on Ser473, ending a long search for the elusive 'second' insulin-responsive Akt kinase. In this review we discuss key evidence pertaining to the subcellular localization of mTORC2, highlighting a spatial heterogeneity that relates to mTORC2 activation. We summarize current models for how growth factors (GFs), such as insulin, trigger mTORC2 activation, and we provide a comprehensive discussion focusing on a new exciting frontier, the molecular mechanisms underpinning GF-independent activation of mTORC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas R Knudsen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas M Fritzen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David E James
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maximilian Kleinert
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen & German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Erik A Richter
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Magee CN, Murakami N, Borges TJ, Shimizu T, Safa K, Ohori S, Cai S, Uffing A, Azzi J, Elyaman W, Charbonnier LM, Liu K, Toprak D, Visner G, Chatila TA, Siebel CW, Najafian N, Riella LV. Notch-1 Inhibition Promotes Immune Regulation in Transplantation Via Regulatory T Cell-Dependent Mechanisms. Circulation 2019; 140:846-863. [PMID: 31266349 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.040563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation is the treatment of choice for many patients with end-stage organ disease. Despite advances in immunosuppression, long-term outcomes remain suboptimal, hampered by drug toxicity and immune-mediated injury, the leading cause of late graft loss. The development of therapies that promote regulation while suppressing effector immunity is imperative to improve graft survival and minimize conventional immunosuppression. Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway pivotal to T-cell differentiation and function, rendering it a target of interest in efforts to manipulate T cell-mediated immunity. METHODS We investigated the pattern of Notch-1 expression in effector and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in both murine and human recipients of a solid-organ transplant. Using a selective human anti-Notch-1 antibody (aNotch-1), we examined the effect of Notch-1 receptor inhibition in full major histocompatibility complex-mismatch murine cardiac and lung transplant models, and in a humanized skin transplant model. On the basis of our findings, we further used a genetic approach to investigate the effect of selective Notch-1 inhibition in Tregs. RESULTS We observed an increased proportion of Tregs expressing surface and intracellular (activated) Notch-1 in comparison with conventional T cells, both in mice with transplants and in the peripheral blood of patients with transplants. In the murine cardiac transplant model, peritransplant administration of aNotch-1 (days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) significantly prolonged allograft survival in comparison with immunoglobulin G-treated controls. Similarly, aNotch-1 treatment improved both histological and functional outcomes in the murine lung transplant model. The use of aNotch-1 resulted in a reduced proportion of both splenic and intragraft conventional T cells, while increasing the proportion of Tregs. Furthermore, Tregs isolated from aNotch-1-treated mice showed enhanced suppressive function on a per-cell basis, confirmed with selective Notch-1 deletion in Tregs (Foxp3EGFPCreNotch1fl/fl). Notch-1 blockade inhibited the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and increased the phosphorylation of STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) in murine Tregs. Notch-1low Tregs isolated from human peripheral blood exhibited more potent suppressive capacity than Notch-1high Tregs. Last, the combination of aNotch-1 with costimulation blockade induced long-term tolerance in a cardiac transplant model, and this tolerance was dependent on CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4) signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a promising, clinically relevant approach for immune modulation in transplantation by selectively targeting Notch-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara N Magee
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.).,University College London Department of Renal Medicine, Centre for Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, United Kingdom (C.N.M.)
| | - Naoka Murakami
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Thiago J Borges
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Tetsunosuke Shimizu
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Kassem Safa
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Shunsuke Ohori
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Songjie Cai
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Audrey Uffing
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Jamil Azzi
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Wassim Elyaman
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (W.E.)
| | - Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Division of Immunology (L.-M.C., T.A.C.), Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Kaifeng Liu
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases Division (K.L., G.V.), Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Demet Toprak
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, WA (D.T.)
| | - Gary Visner
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases Division (K.L., G.V.), Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology (L.-M.C., T.A.C.), Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Nader Najafian
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
| | - Leonardo V Riella
- Transplantation Research Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.N.M., N.M., T.J.B., T.S., K.S., S.O., S.C., A.U., J.A., N.N., L.V.R.)
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9
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Hossain F, Sorrentino C, Ucar DA, Peng Y, Matossian M, Wyczechowska D, Crabtree J, Zabaleta J, Morello S, Del Valle L, Burow M, Collins-Burow B, Pannuti A, Minter LM, Golde TE, Osborne BA, Miele L. Notch Signaling Regulates Mitochondrial Metabolism and NF-κB Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via IKKα-Dependent Non-canonical Pathways. Front Oncol 2018; 8:575. [PMID: 30564555 PMCID: PMC6289043 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and current treatment options remain limited. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have been linked to cancer initiation, progression and chemotherapy resistance. Notch signaling is a key pathway regulating TNBC CSC survival. Treatment of TNBC with PI3K or mTORC1/2 inhibitors results in drug-resistant, Notch-dependent CSC. However, downstream mechanisms and potentially druggable Notch effectors in TNBC CSCs are largely unknown. We studied the role of the AKT pathway and mitochondrial metabolism downstream of Notch signaling in TNBC CSC from cell lines representative of different TNBC molecular subtypes as well as a novel patient-derived model. We demonstrate that exposure of TNBC cells to recombinant Notch ligand Jagged1 leads to rapid AKT phosphorylation in a Notch1-dependent but RBP-Jκ independent fashion. This requires mTOR and IKKα. Jagged1 also stimulates mitochondrial respiration and fermentation in an AKT- and IKK-dependent fashion. Notch1 co-localizes with mitochondria in TNBC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch cleavage by gamma secretase inhibitor PF-03084014 in combination with AKT inhibitor MK-2206 or IKK-targeted NF-κB inhibitor Bay11-7082 blocks secondary mammosphere formation from sorted CD90hi or CD44+CD24low (CSCs) cells. A TNBC patient-derived model gave comparable results. Besides mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, Jagged1 also triggers nuclear, NF-κB-dependent transcription of anti-apoptotic gene cIAP-2. This requires recruitment of Notch1, IKKα and NF-κB to the cIAP-2 promoter. Our observations support a model where Jagged1 triggers IKKα-dependent, mitochondrial and nuclear Notch1 signals that stimulate AKT phosphorylation, oxidative metabolism and transcription of survival genes in PTEN wild-type TNBC cells. These data suggest that combination treatments targeting the intersection of the Notch, AKT and NF-κB pathways have potential therapeutic applications against CSCs in TNBC cases with Notch1 and wild-type PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fokhrul Hossain
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Claudia Sorrentino
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Deniz A Ucar
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yin Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Margarite Matossian
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dorota Wyczechowska
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Judy Crabtree
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Silvana Morello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Matthew Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Bridgette Collins-Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Antonio Pannuti
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida at Gainesville, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Lucio Miele
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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10
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Hao X, Li Y, Wang J, Ma J, Zhao S, Ye X, He L, Yang J, Gao M, Xiao F, Wei H. Deficient O-GlcNAc Glycosylation Impairs Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Notch Signaling in Autoimmune Hepatitis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2089. [PMID: 30356792 PMCID: PMC6189470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation play an important role in the functions of homeostatic proteins, and are critical driving factors of several diseases; however, the role of glycosylation in autoimmune hepatitis is poorly understood. Here, we established an O-GlcNAc glycosylation-deficient rat model by knocking out the Eogt gene by TALEN-mediated gene targeting. O-GlcNAc glycosylation deficiency overtly aggravated liver injury in concanavalin-A induced autoimmune hepatitis, and delayed self-recovery of the liver. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed increased CD4+ T cell infiltration in the liver of rats with O-GlcNAc glycosylation deficiency, and normal differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the liver to inhibit T cell infiltration could not be activated. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that O-GlcNAc glycosylation deficiency impaired Treg differentiation to inhibit the Notch signaling pathway in CD4+ T cells. These finding indicate that O-GlcNAc glycosylation plays a critical role in the activation of Notch signaling, which could promote Treg differentiation in the liver to inhibit T cell infiltration and control disease development in autoimmune hepatitis. Therefore, this study reveals a regulatory role for glycosylation in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis, and highlights glycosylation as a potential treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Hao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Ma
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuli Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Nanjing First hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Ye
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling He
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junru Yang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixin Gao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshan Wei
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Ozay EI, Sherman HL, Mello V, Trombley G, Lerman A, Tew GN, Yadava N, Minter LM. Rotenone Treatment Reveals a Role for Electron Transport Complex I in the Subcellular Localization of Key Transcriptional Regulators During T Helper Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1284. [PMID: 29930555 PMCID: PMC5999735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of tumor cell mitochondrial metabolism suggest it may be an attractive therapeutic target. Mitochondria are central hubs of metabolism that provide energy during the differentiation and maintenance of immune cell phenotypes. Mitochondrial membranes harbor several enzyme complexes that are involved in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which takes place during energy production. Data suggest that, among these enzyme complexes, deficiencies in electron transport complex I may differentially affect immune responses and may contribute to the pathophysiology of several immunological conditions. Once activated by T cell receptor signaling, along with co-stimulation through CD28, CD4 T cells utilize mitochondrial energy to differentiate into distinct T helper (Th) subsets. T cell signaling activates Notch1, which is cleaved from the plasma membrane to generate its intracellular form (N1ICD). In the presence of specific cytokines, Notch1 regulates gene transcription related to cell fate to modulate CD4 Th type 1, Th2, Th17, and induced regulatory T cell (iTreg) differentiation. The process of differentiating into any of these subsets requires metabolic energy, provided by the mitochondria. We hypothesized that the requirement for mitochondrial metabolism varies between different Th subsets and may intersect with Notch1 signaling. We used the organic pesticide rotenone, a well-described complex I inhibitor, to assess how compromised mitochondrial integrity impacts CD4 T cell differentiation into Th1, Th2, Th17, and iTreg cells. We also investigated how Notch1 localization and downstream transcriptional capabilities regulation may be altered in each subset following rotenone treatment. Our data suggest that mitochondrial integrity impacts each of these Th subsets differently, through its influence on Notch1 subcellular localization. Our work further supports the notion that altered immune responses can result from complex I inhibition. Therefore, understanding how mitochondrial inhibitors affect immune responses may help to inform therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Ilker Ozay
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Heather L Sherman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Victoria Mello
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Grace Trombley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Adam Lerman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Nagendra Yadava
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
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12
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Steinbuck MP, Winandy S. A Review of Notch Processing With New Insights Into Ligand-Independent Notch Signaling in T-Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1230. [PMID: 29910816 PMCID: PMC5992298 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch receptor is an evolutionarily highly conserved transmembrane protein essential to a wide spectrum of cellular systems, and its deregulation has been linked to a vast number of developmental disorders and malignancies. Regulated Notch function is critical for the generation of T-cells, in which abnormal Notch signaling results in leukemia. Notch activation through trans-activation of the receptor by one of its ligands expressed on adjacent cells has been well defined. In this canonical ligand-dependent pathway, Notch receptor undergoes conformational changes upon ligand engagement, stimulated by a pulling-force on the extracellular fragment of Notch that results from endocytosis of the receptor-bound ligand into the ligand-expressing cell. These conformational changes in the receptor allow for two consecutive proteolytic cleavage events to occur, which release the intracellular region of the receptor into the cytoplasm. It can then travel to the nucleus, where it induces gene transcription. However, there is accumulating evidence that other pathways may induce Notch signaling. A ligand-independent mechanism of Notch activation has been described in which receptor processing is initiated via cell-internal signals. These signals result in the internalization of Notch into endosomal compartments, where chemical changes existing in this microenvironment result in the conformational modifications required for receptor processing. This review will present mechanisms underlying both canonical ligand-dependent and non-canonical ligand-independent Notch activation pathways and discuss the latter in the context of Notch signaling in T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Peter Steinbuck
- Immunology Training Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Susan Winandy
- Immunology Training Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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13
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Harnessing Advances in T Regulatory Cell Biology for Cellular Therapy in Transplantation. Transplantation 2017; 101:2277-2287. [PMID: 28376037 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular therapy with CD4FOXP3 T regulatory (Treg) cells is a promising strategy to induce tolerance after solid-organ transplantation or prevent graft-versus-host disease after transfer of hematopoietic stem cells. Treg cells currently used in clinical trials are either polyclonal, donor- or antigen-specific. Aside from variations in isolation and expansion protocols, however, most therapeutic Treg cell-based products are much alike. Ongoing basic science work has provided considerable new insight into multiple facets of Treg cell biology, including their stability, homing, and functional specialization; integrating these basic science discoveries with clinical efforts will support the development of next-generation therapeutic Treg cells with enhanced efficacy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in knowledge of how Treg cells home to lymphoid and peripheral tissues, and control antibody production and tissue repair. We also discuss newly appreciated pathways that modulate context-specific Treg cell function and stability. Strategies to improve and tailor Treg cells for cell therapy to induce transplantation tolerance are highlighted.
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14
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Marcel N, Perumalsamy LR, Shukla SK, Sarin A. The lysine deacetylase Sirtuin 1 modulates the localization and function of the Notch1 receptor in regulatory T cells. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/473/eaah4679. [PMID: 28377411 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aah4679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability to tune cellular functions in response to nutrient availability has important consequences for immune homeostasis. The activity of the receptor Notch in regulatory T (Treg) cells, which suppress the functions of effector T cells, is indispensable for Treg cell survival under conditions of diminished nutrient supply. Anti-apoptotic signaling induced by the Notch1 intracellular domain (NIC) originates from the cytoplasm and is spatially decoupled from the nuclear, largely transcriptional functions of NIC. We showed that Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), which is an NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent lysine deacetylase that inhibits NIC-dependent gene transcription, stabilized NIC proximal to the plasma membrane to promote the survival and function of activated Treg cells. Sirt1 was required for NIC-dependent protection from apoptosis in cell lines but not for the activity of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. In addition, a variant NIC protein in which four lysines were mutated to arginines (NIC4KR) retained anti-apoptotic activity, but was not regulated by Sirt1, and reconstituted the functions of nonnuclear NIC in Notch1-deficient Treg cells. Loss of Sirt1 compromised Treg cell survival, resulting in antigen-induced T cell proliferation and inflammation in two mouse models. Thus, the Sirt1-Notch interaction may constitute an important checkpoint that tunes noncanonical Notch1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimi Marcel
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560065, India.,Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Sanjay K Shukla
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560065, India.,Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Apurva Sarin
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560065, India. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560065, India
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15
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Ting HA, Schaller MA, de Almeida Nagata DE, Rasky AJ, Maillard IP, Lukacs NW. Notch Ligand Delta-like 4 Promotes Regulatory T Cell Identity in Pulmonary Viral Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1492-1502. [PMID: 28077598 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells establish tolerance, prevent inflammation at mucosal surfaces, and regulate immunopathology during infectious responses. Recent studies have shown that Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) was upregulated on APC after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and its inhibition leads to exaggerated immunopathology. In the present study, we outline the role of Dll4 in Treg cell differentiation, stability, and function in RSV infection. We found that Dll4 was expressed on CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells in the lung and draining lymph nodes in wild-type BALB/c mice after RSV infection. Dll4 neutralization exacerbated RSV-induced disease pathology, mucus production, group 2 innate lymphoid cell infiltration, IL-5 and IL-13 production, as well as IL-17A+ CD4 T cells. Dll4 inhibition decreased the abundance of CD62LhiCD44loFoxp3+ central Treg cells in draining lymph nodes. The RSV-induced disease was accompanied by an increase in Th17-like effector phenotype in Foxp3+ Treg cells and a decrease in granzyme B expression after Dll4 blockade. Finally, Dll4-exposed induced Treg cells maintained the CD62LhiCD44lo central Treg cell phenotype, had increased Foxp3 expression, became more suppressive, and were resistant to Th17 skewing in vitro. These results suggest that Dll4 activation during differentiation sustained Treg cell phenotype and function to control RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-An Ting
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | | | - Andrew J Rasky
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ivan P Maillard
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
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16
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Notch regulates Th17 differentiation and controls trafficking of IL-17 and metabolic regulators within Th17 cells in a context-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39117. [PMID: 27974744 PMCID: PMC5156918 DOI: 10.1038/srep39117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells play critical roles in host defense and autoimmunity. Emerging data support a role for Notch signaling in Th17 cell differentiation but whether it is a positive or negative regulator remains unclear. We report here that T cell-specific deletion of Notch receptors enhances Th17 cell differentiation in the gut, with a corresponding increase in IL-17 secretion. An increase in Th17 cell frequency was similarly observed following immunization of T cell specific Notch mutant mice with OVA/CFA. However, in this setting, Th17 cytokine secretion was impaired, and increased intracellular retention of IL-17 was observed. Intracellular IL-17 co-localized with the CD71 iron transporter in the draining lymph node of both control and Notch-deficient Th17 cells. Immunization induced CD71 surface expression in control, but not in Notch-deficient Th17 cells, revealing defective CD71 intracellular transport in absence of Notch signaling. Moreover, Notch receptor deficient Th17 cells had impaired mTORC2 activity. These data reveal a context-dependent impact of Notch on vesicular transport during high metabolic demand suggesting a role for Notch signaling in the bridging of T cell metabolic demands and effector functions. Collectively, our findings indicate a prominent regulatory role for Notch signaling in the fine-tuning of Th17 cell differentiation and effector function.
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17
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Marcel N, Sarin A. Notch1 regulated autophagy controls survival and suppressor activity of activated murine T-regulatory cells. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27267497 PMCID: PMC4894756 DOI: 10.7554/elife.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell survival is one of several processes regulated by the Notch pathway in mammalian cells. Here we report functional outcomes of non-nuclear Notch signaling to activate autophagy, a conserved cellular response to nutrient stress, regulating survival in murine natural T-regulatory cells (Tregs), an immune subset controlling tolerance and inflammation. Induction of autophagy required ligand-dependent, Notch intracellular domain (NIC) activity, which controlled mitochondrial organization and survival of activated Tregs. Consistently, NIC immune-precipitated Beclin and Atg14, constituents of the autophagy initiation complex. Further, ectopic expression of an effector of autophagy (Atg3) or recombinant NIC tagged to a nuclear export signal (NIC-NES), restored autophagy and suppressor function in Notch1(-/-) Tregs. Furthermore, Notch1 deficiency in the Treg lineage resulted in immune hyperactivity, implicating Notch activity in Treg homeostasis. Notch1 integration with autophagy, revealed in these experiments, holds implications for Notch regulated cell-fate decisions governing differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimi Marcel
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India.,Department of Biology, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Apurva Sarin
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Bengaluru, India
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18
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Amsen D, Helbig C, Backer RA. Notch in T Cell Differentiation: All Things Considered. Trends Immunol 2015; 36:802-814. [PMID: 26617322 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of naïve T cells into effector cells is required for optimal protection against different classes of microbial pathogen and for the development of immune memory. Recent findings have revealed important roles for the Notch signaling pathway in T cell differentiation into all known effector subsets, raising the question of how this pathway controls such diverse differentiation programs. Studies in preclinical models support the therapeutic potential of manipulating the Notch pathway to alleviate immune pathology, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms through which Notch regulates T cell differentiation and function. We review these findings here, and outline both unifying principles involved in Notch-mediated T cell fate decisions and cell type- and context-specific differences that may present the most suitable points for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derk Amsen
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin and Landsteiner Laboratory at the CLB, Plesmanlaan125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Christina Helbig
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin and Landsteiner Laboratory at the CLB, Plesmanlaan125, 1066CX, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald A Backer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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19
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Charbonnier LM, Wang S, Georgiev P, Sefik E, Chatila TA. Control of peripheral tolerance by regulatory T cell-intrinsic Notch signaling. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:1162-73. [PMID: 26437242 PMCID: PMC4618075 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Receptors of the Notch family direct the differentiation of helper T cell subsets, but their influence on regulatory T cell (T(reg) cell) responses is obscure. We found here that lineage-specific deletion of components of the Notch pathway enhanced T(reg) cell-mediated suppression of type 1 helper T cell (T(H)1 cell) responses and protected against their T(H)1 skewing and apoptosis. In contrast, expression in T(reg) cells of a gain-of-function transgene encoding the Notch1 intracellular domain resulted in lymphoproliferation, exacerbated T(H)1 responses and autoimmunity. Cell-intrinsic canonical Notch signaling impaired T(reg) cell fitness and promoted the acquisition by T(reg) cells of a T(H)1 cell-like phenotype, whereas non-canonical Notch signaling dependent on the adaptor Rictor activated the kinase AKT-transcription factor Foxo1 axis and impaired the epigenetic stability of Foxp3. Our findings establish a critical role for Notch signaling in controlling peripheral T(reg) cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sen Wang
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Georgiev
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esen Sefik
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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20
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Takebe N, Miele L, Harris PJ, Jeong W, Bando H, Kahn M, Yang SX, Ivy SP. Targeting Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt pathways in cancer stem cells: clinical update. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2015; 12:445-64. [PMID: 25850553 PMCID: PMC4520755 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 924] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been increasingly identified in many malignancies. Although the origin and plasticity of these cells remain controversial, tumour heterogeneity and the presence of small populations of cells with stem-like characteristics is established in most malignancies. CSCs display many features of embryonic or tissue stem cells, and typically demonstrate persistent activation of one or more highly conserved signal transduction pathways involved in development and tissue homeostasis, including the Notch, Hedgehog (HH), and Wnt pathways. CSCs generally have slow growth rates and are resistant to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Thus, new treatment strategies targeting these pathways to control stem-cell replication, survival and differentiation are under development. Herein, we provide an update on the latest advances in the clinical development of such approaches, and discuss strategies for overcoming CSC-associated primary or acquired resistance to cancer treatment. Given the crosstalk between the different embryonic developmental signalling pathways, as well as other pathways, designing clinical trials that target CSCs with rational combinations of agents to inhibit possible compensatory escape mechanisms could be of particular importance. We also share our views on the future directions for targeting CSCs to advance the clinical development of these classes of agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Takebe
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Lucio Miele
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Pamela Jo Harris
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Woondong Jeong
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Hideaki Bando
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Michael Kahn
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - Sherry X. Yang
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
| | - S. Percy Ivy
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC9739, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA (N.T., P.J.H., S.P.I.). Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, USA (L.M.). Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas, USA (W.J.). Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Japan (H.B.). Norris Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of Southern California, USA (M.K.). National Clinical Target Validation Laboratory, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, USA (S.X.Y.)
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21
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Abstract
The lymphocyte family has expanded significantly in recent years to include not only the adaptive lymphocytes (T cells, B cells) and NK cells, but also several additional innate lymphoid cell (ILC) types. ILCs lack clonally distributed antigen receptors characteristic of adaptive lymphocytes and instead respond exclusively to signaling via germline-encoded receptors. ILCs resemble T cells more closely than any other leukocyte lineage at the transcriptome level and express many elements of the core T cell transcriptional program, including Notch, Gata3, Tcf7, and Bcl11b. We present our current understanding of the shared and distinct transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involved in the development of adaptive T lymphocytes and closely related ILCs. We discuss the possibility that a core set of transcriptional regulators common to ILCs and T cells establish enhancers that enable implementation of closely aligned effector pathways. Studies of the transcriptional regulation of lymphopoiesis will support the development of novel therapeutic approaches to correct early lymphoid developmental defects and aberrant lymphocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena De Obaldia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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22
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Shin HM, Tilahun ME, Cho OH, Chandiran K, Kuksin CA, Keerthivasan S, Fauq AH, Golde TE, Miele L, Thome M, Osborne BA, Minter LM. NOTCH1 Can Initiate NF-κB Activation via Cytosolic Interactions with Components of the T Cell Signalosome. Front Immunol 2014; 5:249. [PMID: 24904593 PMCID: PMC4033603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell stimulation requires the input and integration of external signals. Signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) is known to induce formation of the membrane-tethered CBM complex, comprising CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1, which is required for TCR-mediated NF-κB activation. TCR signaling has been shown to activate NOTCH proteins, transmembrane receptors also implicated in NF-κB activation. However, the link between TCR-mediated NOTCH signaling and early events leading to induction of NF-κB activity remains unclear. In this report, we demonstrate a novel cytosolic function for NOTCH1 and show that it is essential to CBM complex formation. Using a model of skin allograft rejection, we show in vivo that NOTCH1 acts in the same functional pathway as PKCθ, a T cell-specific kinase important for CBM assembly and classical NF-κB activation. We further demonstrate in vitro NOTCH1 associates physically with PKCθ and CARMA1 in the cytosol. Unexpectedly, when NOTCH1 expression was abrogated using RNAi approaches, interactions between CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1 were lost. This failure in CBM assembly reduced inhibitor of kappa B alpha phosphorylation and diminished NF-κB–DNA binding. Finally, using a luciferase gene reporter assay, we show the intracellular domain of NOTCH1 can initiate robust NF-κB activity in stimulated T cells, even when NOTCH1 is excluded from the nucleus through modifications that restrict it to the cytoplasm or hold it tethered to the membrane. Collectively, these observations provide evidence that NOTCH1 may facilitate early events during T cell activation by nucleating the CBM complex and initiating NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Mulualem E Tilahun
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Ok Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Karthik Chandiran
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Christina Arieta Kuksin
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Shilpa Keerthivasan
- Program in Molecular Biology, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL , USA
| | - Abdul H Fauq
- Chemical Synthesis Core Facility, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL , USA
| | - Todd E Golde
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA ; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, University of Mississippi Cancer Institute , Jackson, MS , USA
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Immunity and Infection, University of Lausanne , Epalinges , Switzerland
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA ; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA ; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
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23
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The linker histone h1.2 is an intermediate in the apoptotic response to cytokine deprivation in T-effectors. Int J Cell Biol 2014; 2014:674753. [PMID: 24688545 PMCID: PMC3943393 DOI: 10.1155/2014/674753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis is a dynamic process involving proliferation and the removal of redundant or damaged cells. This is exemplified in the coordinated deletion—triggered by limiting trophic factors/cytokines in the extracellular milieu—of differentiated T cells overproduced during the mammalian immune response. However, mechanisms by which extracellular cues are perceived and transduced as apoptotic triggers remain incompletely understood. T-effectors are dependent on cytokines for survival and undergo apoptosis following cytokine withdrawal. Here we report that leptomycin B (LMB), an inhibitor of nuclear export machinery, protected T-effectors from apoptosis implicating a nuclear intermediate in the apoptotic pathway. Evidence is presented that the linker histone H1.2 localizes to the cytoplasm, by a mechanism sensitive to regulation by LMB, to activate apoptotic signaling culminating in nuclear and mitochondrial damage in T-effectors in response to cytokine deprivation. H1.2 is detected in a complex with the proapoptotic mitochondrial resident Bak and its subcellular localization regulated by Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), an intermediate in the apoptotic cascade in T-effectors. These data suggest that metabolic stressors may impinge on H1.2 dynamics favoring its activity at the mitochondrion, thereby functioning as a molecular switch for T-effector apoptosis.
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24
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Notch signaling and T-helper cells in EAE/MS. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:570731. [PMID: 24324509 PMCID: PMC3845449 DOI: 10.1155/2013/570731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway preservation across species hints to the indispensable role it plays during evolution. Over the last decade the science community has extensively studied the Notch signaling pathway, with Notch emerging as a key player in embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, and immunoregulation. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable yet treatable autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The aim of this review is to provide a brief description of the Notch signaling pathway, and summarize the current literature implicating Notch in the pathogenesis of MS.
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25
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Noncanonical NOTCH signaling limits self-renewal of human epithelial and induced pluripotent stem cells through ROCK activation. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:4434-47. [PMID: 24019071 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00577-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NOTCH plays essential roles in cell fate specification during embryonic development and in adult tissue maintenance. In keratinocytes, it is a key inducer of differentiation. ROCK, an effector of the small GTPase Rho, is also implicated in keratinocyte differentiation, and its inhibition efficiently potentiates immortalization of human keratinocytes and greatly improves survival of dissociated human pluripotent stem cells. However, the molecular basis for ROCK activation is not fully established in these contexts. Here we provide evidence that intracellular forms of NOTCH1 trigger the immediate activation of ROCK1 independent of its transcriptional activity, promoting differentiation and resulting in decreased clonogenicity of normal human keratinocytes. Knockdown of NOTCH1 abrogated ROCK1 activation and conferred sustained clonogenicity upon differentiation stimuli. Treatment with a ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, or ROCK1 silencing substantially rescued the growth defect induced by activated NOTCH1. Furthermore, we revealed that impaired self-renewal of human induced pluripotent stem cells upon dissociation is, at least in part, attributable to NOTCH-dependent ROCK activation. Thus, the present study unveils a novel NOTCH-ROCK pathway critical for cellular differentiation and loss of self-renewal capacity in a subset of immature cells.
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26
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Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) control many important aspects of immune cell development, differentiation, and function. Mammals have eight PI3K catalytic subunits that are divided into three classes based on similarities in structure and function. Specific roles for the class I PI3Ks have been broadly investigated and are relatively well understood, as is the function of their corresponding phosphatases. More recently, specific roles for the class II and class III PI3Ks have emerged. Through vertebrate evolution and in parallel with the evolution of adaptive immunity, there has been a dramatic increase not only in the genes for PI3K subunits but also in genes for phosphatases that act on 3-phosphoinositides and in 3-phosphoinositide-binding proteins. Our understanding of the PI3Ks in immunity is guided by fundamental discoveries made in simpler model organisms as well as by appreciating new adaptations of this signaling module in mammals in general and in immune cells in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, United Kingdom.
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27
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Rota R, Ciarapica R, Miele L, Locatelli F. Notch signaling in pediatric soft tissue sarcomas. BMC Med 2012; 10:141. [PMID: 23158439 PMCID: PMC3520771 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-10-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumors of childhood, frequently characterized by specific chromosome translocations. Despite improvements in treatment, their clinical management is often challenging due to the low responsiveness of metastatic forms and aggressive variants to conventional therapeutic approaches, which leads to poor overall survival. It is widely thought that soft tissue sarcomas derive from mesenchymal progenitor cells that, during embryonic life, have developed chromosomal aberrations with de-regulation of the main pathways governing tissue morphogenesis. The Notch signaling pathway is one of the most important molecular networks involved in differentiation processes. Emerging evidence highlights the role of Notch signaling de-regulation in the biology of these pediatric sarcomas. In this review, we present an outline of recently gathered evidence on the role of Notch signaling in soft tissue sarcomas, highlighting its importance in tumor cell biology. The potential challenges and opportunities of targeting Notch signaling in the treatment of pediatric soft tissue sarcomas are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Rota
- Department of Oncohematology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Roma, 00165, Italy.
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28
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Minter LM, Osborne BA. Notch and the survival of regulatory T cells: location is everything! Sci Signal 2012; 5:pe31. [PMID: 22827995 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Signaling through the T cell receptor induces T lymphocytes to divide, differentiate, and perform numerous effector functions. Once activated, effector T cells are exquisitely sensitive to changes in available cytokines, particularly the survival cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). Removal of IL-2 rapidly initiates apoptosis in response to cytokine withdrawal. In contrast to effector T cells, regulatory T cells (T(regs)) are resistant to apoptosis induced by cytokine withdrawal. A study exploring the differences between these two T cell subsets reveals a role for Notch1 in protecting T(regs) from apoptosis. Protection from apoptosis induced by cytokine withdrawal correlated with Notch1 localization in the cytosol of T(regs) and its association with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Rictor, a component of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex. Notch1 localization in the nucleus in effector T cells, on the other hand, was correlated with susceptibility to apoptosis induced by cytokine withdrawal. This study highlights how Notch1 can deliver opposing signals in different cellular contexts and suggests that localization of Notch1 can have a substantial influence on life-and-death decisions in T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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29
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Crabtree JS, Miele L. [Modification of a micromethod for determining leukocyte migration inhibition and its significance in oncological patients]. Biomedicines 1981; 6:biomedicines6030077. [PMID: 30018256 PMCID: PMC6163894 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6030077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) have been implicated in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. The origins of BCSCs remain controversial due to tumor heterogeneity and the presence of such small side populations for study, but nonetheless, cell surface markers and their correlation with BCSC functionality continue to be identified. BCSCs are driven by persistent activation of developmental pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, Hippo, and Hedgehog and new treatment strategies that are aimed at these pathways are in preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy S Crabtree
- Department of Genetics and the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics and the Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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