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Pharoun J, Berro J, Sobh J, Abou-Younes MM, Nasr L, Majed A, Khalil A, Joseph, Stephan, Faour WH. Mesenchymal stem cells biological and biotechnological advances: Implications for clinical applications. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176719. [PMID: 38849038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that are able to differentiate into multiple lineages including bone, cartilage, muscle and fat. They hold immunomodulatory properties and therapeutic ability to treat multiple diseases, including autoimmune and chronic degenerative diseases. In this article, we reviewed the different biological properties, applications and clinical trials of MSCs. Also, we discussed the basics of manufacturing conditions, quality control, and challenges facing MSCs in the clinical setting. METHODS Extensive review of the literature was conducted through the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. Papers published since 2015 and covering the clinical applications and research of MSC therapy were considered. Furthermore, older papers were considered when referring to pioneering studies in the field. RESULTS The most widely studied stem cells in cell therapy and tissue repair are bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells became more common and to a lesser extent other stem cell sources e.g., foreskin derived MSCs. MSCs therapy were also studied in the setting of COVID-19 infections, ischemic strokes, autoimmune diseases, tumor development and graft rejection. Multiple obstacles, still face the standardization and optimization of MSC therapy such as the survival and the immunophenotype and the efficiency of transplanted cells. MSCs used in clinical settings displayed heterogeneity in their function despite their extraction from healthy donors and expression of similar surface markers. CONCLUSION Mesenchymal stem cells offer a rising therapeutic promise in various diseases. However, their potential use in clinical applications requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pharoun
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Jana Berro
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Jeanine Sobh
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | | | - Leah Nasr
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Ali Majed
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Alia Khalil
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Joseph
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Stephan
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Wissam H Faour
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, LAU, Byblos, Lebanon, P.O. Box 36.
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2
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Mei R, Wan Z, Yang C, Shen X, Wang R, Zhang H, Yang R, Li J, Song Y, Su H. Advances and clinical challenges of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421854. [PMID: 39100671 PMCID: PMC11294097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cell therapy has provided desirable properties for promising new drugs. Mesenchymal stem cells are promising candidates for developing genetic engineering and drug delivery strategies due to their inherent properties, including immune regulation, homing ability and tumor tropism. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells is being investigated for cancer therapy, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, among others. Mesenchymal stem cells are attractive cellular carriers for synthetic nanoparticles for drug delivery due to their inherent homing ability. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the various genetic and non-genetic strategies of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in drug delivery, tumor therapy, immune regulation, tissue regeneration and other fields. In addition, we discuss the current limitations of stem cell therapy and the challenges in clinical translation, aiming to identify important development areas and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhuo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangjing Shen
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ronglin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haichuan Su
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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3
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Donnelly H, Ross E, Xiao Y, Hermantara R, Taqi AF, Doherty-Boyd WS, Cassels J, Tsimbouri PM, Dunn KM, Hay J, Cheng A, Meek RMD, Jain N, West C, Wheadon H, Michie AM, Peault B, West AG, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Dalby MJ. Bioengineered niches that recreate physiological extracellular matrix organisation to support long-term haematopoietic stem cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5791. [PMID: 38987295 PMCID: PMC11237034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term reconstituting haematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) are used to treat blood disorders via stem cell transplantation. The very low abundance of LT-HSCs and their rapid differentiation during in vitro culture hinders their clinical utility. Previous developments using stromal feeder layers, defined media cocktails, and bioengineering have enabled HSC expansion in culture, but of mostly short-term HSCs and progenitor populations at the expense of naive LT-HSCs. Here, we report the creation of a bioengineered LT-HSC maintenance niche that recreates physiological extracellular matrix organisation, using soft collagen type-I hydrogels to drive nestin expression in perivascular stromal cells (PerSCs). We demonstrate that nestin, which is expressed by HSC-supportive bone marrow stromal cells, is cytoprotective and, via regulation of metabolism, is important for HIF-1α expression in PerSCs. When CD34+ve HSCs were added to the bioengineered niches comprising nestin/HIF-1α expressing PerSCs, LT-HSC numbers were maintained with normal clonal and in vivo reconstitution potential, without media supplementation. We provide proof-of-concept that our bioengineered niches can support the survival of CRISPR edited HSCs. Successful editing of LT-HSCs ex vivo can have potential impact on the treatment of blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Donnelly
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan Ross
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - Yinbo Xiao
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - Rio Hermantara
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Aqeel F Taqi
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - W Sebastian Doherty-Boyd
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Cassels
- School of Cancer Sciences, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope M Tsimbouri
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - Karen M Dunn
- School of Cancer Sciences, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Jodie Hay
- School of Cancer Sciences, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Annie Cheng
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom
| | - R M Dominic Meek
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, G51 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Nikhil Jain
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher West
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Wheadon
- School of Cancer Sciences, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M Michie
- School of Cancer Sciences, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Peault
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam G West
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, School of Molecular Biosciences, The Advanced Research Centre, 11 Chapel Lane, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G11 6EW, United Kingdom.
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4
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Sui B, Wang R, Chen C, Kou X, Wu D, Fu Y, Lei F, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chen X, Xu H, Liu Y, Kang J, Liu H, Kwok RTK, Tang BZ, Yan H, Wang M, Xiang L, Yan X, Zhang X, Ma L, Shi S, Jin Y. Apoptotic Vesicular Metabolism Contributes to Organelle Assembly and Safeguards Liver Homeostasis and Regeneration. Gastroenterology 2024; 167:343-356. [PMID: 38342194 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Apoptosis generates plenty of membrane-bound nanovesicles, the apoptotic vesicles (apoVs), which show promise for biomedical applications. The liver serves as a significant organ for apoptotic material removal. Whether and how the liver metabolizes apoptotic vesicular products and contributes to liver health and disease is unrecognized. METHODS apoVs were labeled and traced after intravenous infusion. Apoptosis-deficient mice by Fas mutant (Fasmut) and Caspase-3 knockout (Casp3-/-) were used with apoV replenishment to evaluate the physiological apoV function. Combinations of morphologic, biochemical, cellular, and molecular assays were applied to assess the liver while hepatocyte analysis was performed. Partial hepatectomy and acetaminophen liver failure models were established to investigate liver regeneration and disease recovery. RESULTS We discovered that the liver is a major metabolic organ of circulatory apoVs, in which apoVs undergo endocytosis by hepatocytes via a sugar recognition system. Moreover, apoVs play an indispensable role to counteract hepatocellular injury and liver impairment in apoptosis-deficient mice upon replenishment. Surprisingly, apoVs form a chimeric organelle complex with the hepatocyte Golgi apparatus through the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor machinery, which preserves Golgi integrity, promotes microtubule acetylation by regulating α-tubulin N-acetyltransferase 1, and consequently facilitates hepatocyte cytokinesis for liver recovery. The assembly of the apoV-Golgi complex is further revealed to contribute to liver homeostasis, regeneration, and protection against acute liver failure. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish a previously unrecognized functional and mechanistic framework that apoptosis through vesicular metabolism safeguards liver homeostasis and regeneration, which holds promise for hepatic disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Runci Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangcao Lei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yijing Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjun Kang
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixiang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan Tsz Kin Kwok
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hexin Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xutong Yan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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5
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Sousa AR, Cunha AF, Santos-Coquillat A, Estrada BH, Spiller KL, Barão M, Rodrigues AF, Simões S, Vilaça A, Ferreira L, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Shape-Versatile Fixed Cellular Materials for Multiple Target Immunomodulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405367. [PMID: 38739450 PMCID: PMC11272431 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic cells are usually administered as living agents, despite the risks of undesired cell migration and acquisition of unpredictable phenotypes. Additionally, most cell-based therapies rely on the administration of single cells, often associated with rapid in vivo clearance. 3D cellular materials may be useful to prolong the effect of cellular therapies and offer the possibility of creating structural volumetric constructs. Here, the manufacturing of shape-versatile fixed cell-based materials with immunomodulatory properties is reported. Living cell aggregates with different shapes (spheres and centimeter-long fibers) are fixed using a method compatible with maintenance of structural integrity, robustness, and flexibility of 3D constructs. The biological properties of living cells can be modulated before fixation, rendering an in vitro anti-inflammatory effect toward human macrophages, in line with a decreased activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway that preponderantly correlated with the surface area of the materials. These findings are further corroborated in vivo in mouse skin wounds. Contact with fixed materials also reduces the proliferation of activated primary T lymphocytes, while promoting regulatory populations. The fixation of cellular constructs is proposed as a versatile phenotypic stabilization method that can be easily implemented to prepare immunomodulatory materials with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Sousa
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Ana F Cunha
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos-Coquillat
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Hernaez Estrada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kara L Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Marta Barão
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Artur Filipe Rodrigues
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Susana Simões
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Andreia Vilaça
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
- FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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Baig MS, Ahmad A, Pathan RR, Mishra RK. Precision Nanomedicine with Bio-Inspired Nanosystems: Recent Trends and Challenges in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Membrane-Coated Bioengineered Nanocarriers in Targeted Nanotherapeutics. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:827-872. [PMID: 39051343 PMCID: PMC11270309 DOI: 10.3390/jox14030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In the recent past, the formulation and development of nanocarriers has been elaborated into the broader fields and opened various avenues in their preclinical and clinical applications. In particular, the cellular membrane-based nanoformulations have been formulated to surpass and surmount the limitations and restrictions associated with naïve or free forms of therapeutic compounds and circumvent various physicochemical and immunological barriers including but not limited to systemic barriers, microenvironmental roadblocks, and other cellular or subcellular hinderances-which are quite heterogeneous throughout the diseases and patient cohorts. These limitations in drug delivery have been overcome through mesenchymal cells membrane-based precision therapeutics, where these interventions have led to the significant enhancements in therapeutic efficacies. However, the formulation and development of nanocarriers still focuses on optimization of drug delivery paradigms with a one-size-fits-all resolutions. As mesenchymal stem cell membrane-based nanocarriers have been engineered in highly diversified fashions, these are being optimized for delivering the drug payloads in more and better personalized modes, entering the arena of precision as well as personalized nanomedicine. In this Review, we have included some of the advanced nanocarriers which have been designed and been utilized in both the non-personalized as well as precision applicability which can be employed for the improvements in precision nanotherapeutics. In the present report, authors have focused on various other aspects of the advancements in stem cells membrane-based nanoparticle conceptions which can surmount several roadblocks and barriers in drug delivery and nanomedicine. It has been suggested that well-informed designing of these nanocarriers will lead to appreciable improvements in the therapeutic efficacy in therapeutic payload delivery applications. These approaches will also enable the tailored and customized designs of MSC-based nanocarriers for personalized therapeutic applications, and finally amending the patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Salman Baig
- Anjuman-I-Islam Kalsekar Technical Campus School of Pharmacy, Sector-16, Near Thana Naka, Khandagao, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre (JMDRC), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar Mishra
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India;
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7
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Montemurro T, Lavazza C, Montelatici E, Budelli S, La Rosa S, Barilani M, Mei C, Manzini P, Ratti I, Cimoni S, Brasca M, Prati D, Saporiti G, Astori G, Elice F, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Off-the-Shelf Cord-Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Production, Quality Control, and Clinical Use. Cells 2024; 13:1066. [PMID: 38920694 PMCID: PMC11202005 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have gained recognition for their clinical utility in transplantation to induce tolerance and to improve/replace pharmacological immunosuppression. Cord blood (CB)-derived MSCs are particularly attractive for their immunological naivety and peculiar anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to obtain an inventory of CB MSCs able to support large-scale advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP)-based clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN We isolated MSCs by plastic adherence in a GMP-compliant culture system. We established a well-characterized master cell bank and expanded a working cell bank to generate batches of finished MSC(CB) products certified for clinical use. The MSC(CB) produced by our facility was used in approved clinical trials or for therapeutic use, following single-patient authorization as an immune-suppressant agent. RESULTS We show the feasibility of a well-defined MSC manufacturing process and describe the main indications for which the MSCs were employed. We delve into a regulatory framework governing advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), emphasizing the need of stringent quality control and safety assessments. From March 2012 to June 2023, 263 of our Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-certified MSC(CB) preparations were administered as ATMPs in 40 subjects affected by Graft-vs.-Host Disease, nephrotic syndrome, or bronco-pulmonary dysplasia of the newborn. There was no infusion-related adverse event. No patient experienced any grade toxicity. Encouraging preliminary outcome results were reported. Clinical response was registered in the majority of patients treated under therapeutic use authorization. CONCLUSIONS Our 10 years of experience with MSC(CB) described here provides valuable insights into the use of this innovative cell product in immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montemurro
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Salvatore La Rosa
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Cecilia Mei
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Paolo Manzini
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Ilaria Ratti
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Silvia Cimoni
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Manuela Brasca
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniele Prati
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Giorgia Saporiti
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Center, Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Laboratory of Advanced Cellular Therapies and Haematology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, AULSS8 “Berica”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy; (G.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Francesca Elice
- Laboratory of Advanced Cellular Therapies and Haematology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, AULSS8 “Berica”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy; (G.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
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Chan AML, Ng AMH, Yunus MHM, Idrus RH, Law JX, Yazid MD, Chin KY, Yusof MRM, Ng SN, Koh B, Lokanathan Y. Single high-dose intravenous injection of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell exerts protective effects in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:160. [PMID: 38835014 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant epidemiological problem worldwide. It is a pre-morbid, chronic and low-grade inflammatory disorder that precedes many chronic diseases. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) could be used to treat MetS because they express high regenerative capacity, strong immunomodulatory properties and allogeneic biocompatibility. This study aims to investigate WJ-MSCs as a therapy against MetS in a rat model. METHODS Twenty-four animals were fed with high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet ad libitum. After 16 weeks, the animals were randomised into treatment groups (n = 8/group) and received a single intravenous administration of vehicle, that is, 3 × 106 cells/kg or 10 × 106 cells/kg of WJ-MSCs. A healthy animal group (n = 6) fed with a normal diet received the same vehicle as the control (CTRL). All animals were periodically assessed (every 4 weeks) for physical measurements, serum biochemistry, glucose tolerance test, cardiovascular function test and whole-body composition. Post-euthanasia, organs were weighed and processed for histopathology. Serum was collected for C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokine assay. RESULTS The results between HFHF-treated groups and healthy or HFHF-CTRL did not achieve statistical significance (α = 0.05). The effects of WJ-MSCs were masked by the manifestation of different disease subclusters and continuous supplementation of HFHF diet. Based on secondary analysis, WJ-MSCs had major implications in improving cardiopulmonary morbidities. The lungs, liver and heart show significantly better histopathology in the WJ-MSC-treated groups than in the untreated CTRL group. The cells produced a dose-dependent effect (high dose lasted until week 8) in preventing further metabolic decay in MetS animals. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of safety and therapeutic proof-of-concept encourages further studies by improving the current therapeutic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Man Lung Chan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/46, 47301, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Angela Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Heikal Mohd Yunus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafizul Mohd Yusof
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - See Nguan Ng
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/46, 47301, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Benson Koh
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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9
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Nykänen AI, Mariscal A, Duong A, Ali A, Takahagi A, Bai X, Zehong G, Joe B, Takahashi M, Chen M, Gokhale H, Shan H, Hwang DM, Estrada C, Yeung J, Waddell T, Martinu T, Juvet S, Cypel M, Liu M, Davies JE, Keshavjee S. Lung Transplant Immunomodulation with Genetically Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Therapeutic Window for Interleukin-10. Cells 2024; 13:859. [PMID: 38786082 PMCID: PMC11119666 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung transplantation results are compromised by ischemia-reperfusion injury and alloimmune responses. Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is used to assess marginal donor lungs before transplantation but is also an excellent platform to apply novel therapeutics. We investigated donor lung immunomodulation using genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with augmented production of human anti-inflammatory hIL-10 (MSCsIL-10). Pig lungs were placed on EVLP for 6 h and randomized to control (n = 7), intravascular delivery of 20 × 106 (n = 5, low dose) or 40 × 106 human MSCs IL-10 (n = 6, high dose). Subsequently, single-lung transplantation was performed, and recipient pigs were monitored for 3 days. hIL-10 secretion was measured during EVLP and after transplantation, and immunological effects were assessed by cytokine profile, T and myeloid cell characterization and mixed lymphocyte reaction. MSCIL-10 therapy rapidly increased hIL-10 during EVLP and resulted in transient hIL-10 elevation after lung transplantation. MSCIL-10 delivery did not affect lung function but was associated with dose-related immunomodulatory effects, with the low dose resulting in a beneficial decrease in apoptosis and lower macrophage activation, but the high MSCIL-10 dose resulting in inflammation and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell activation. MSCIL-10 therapy during EVLP results in a rapid and transient perioperative hIL-10 increase and has a therapeutic window for its immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti I. Nykänen
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrea Mariscal
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Allen Duong
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aadil Ali
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Akihiro Takahagi
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Guan Zehong
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Betty Joe
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mamoru Takahashi
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Manyin Chen
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Hemant Gokhale
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Hongchao Shan
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - David M. Hwang
- Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada;
| | - Catalina Estrada
- Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (C.E.); (J.E.D.)
| | - Jonathan Yeung
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Tom Waddell
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Tereza Martinu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Stephen Juvet
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John E. Davies
- Tissue Regeneration Therapeutics, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada; (C.E.); (J.E.D.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (A.I.N.); (A.M.); (A.D.); (A.A.); (A.T.); (X.B.); (G.Z.); (B.J.); (M.T.); (M.C.); (H.G.); (H.S.); (J.Y.); (T.W.); (T.M.); (S.J.); (M.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
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Robb KP, Galipeau J, Shi Y, Schuster M, Martin I, Viswanathan S. Failure to launch commercially-approved mesenchymal stromal cell therapies: what's the path forward? Proceedings of the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy (ISCT) Annual Meeting Roundtable held in May 2023, Palais des Congrès de Paris, Organized by the ISCT MSC Scientific Committee. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:413-417. [PMID: 37804284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising cell therapy candidates, but their debated efficacy in clinical trials still limits successful adoption. Here, we discuss proceedings from a roundtable session titled "Failure to Launch Mesenchymal Stromal Cells 10 Years Later: What's on the Horizon?" held at the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy 2023 Annual Meeting. Panelists discussed recent progress toward developing patient-stratification approaches for MSC treatments, highlighting the role of baseline levels of inflammation in mediating MSC treatment efficacy. In addition, MSC critical quality attributes (CQAs) are beginning to be elucidated and applied to investigational MSC products, including immunomodulatory functional assays and other potency markers that will help to ensure product consistency and quality. Lastly, next-generation MSC products, such as culture-priming strategies, were discussed as a promising strategy to augment MSC basal fitness and therapeutic potency. Key variables that will need to be considered alongside investigations of patient stratification approaches, CQAs and next-generation MSC products include the specific disease target being evaluated, route of administration of the cells and cell manufacturing parameters; these factors will have to be matched with postulated mechanisms of action towards treatment efficacy. Taken together, patient stratification metrics paired with the selection of therapeutically potent MSCs (using rigorous CQAs and/or engineered MSC products) represent a path forward to improve clinical successes and regulatory endorsements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Robb
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Kamprom W, Tangporncharoen R, Vongthaiwan N, Tragoonlugkana P, Phetfong J, Pruksapong C, Supokawej A. Enhanced potent immunosuppression of intracellular adipose tissue-derived stem cell extract by priming with three-dimensional spheroid formation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9084. [PMID: 38643332 PMCID: PMC11032398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells are widely studied, supporting the use of MSCs as cell-based therapy in immunological diseases. This study aims to generate cell-free MSC extract and improves their immunomodulatory potential. Intracellular extracts were prepared from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) spheroid via a freeze-thawing method. The immunomodulatory capacities of ADSC spheroid extracts were investigated in vitro, including lymphocyte proliferation, T regulatory cell expansion, and macrophage assays. A comparative study was conducted with ADSC monolayer extract. The key immunomodulatory mediators presented in ADSC extract were identified. The results revealed that ADSC spheroid extract could suppress lymphocyte activation while enhancing T regulatory cell expansion. Immunomodulatory molecules such as COX-2, TSG-6, and TGF-β1 were upregulated in ADSC priming via spheroid culture. Selective inhibition of COX-2 abrogates the effect of ADSC extract on inducing T regulatory cell expansion. Thus, ADSC spheroid extract gains high efficacy in regulating the immune responses which are associated in part by COX-2 generation. Furthermore, ADSC spheroid extract possessed a potent anti-inflammation by manipulation of TNF-α production from LPS-activated macrophage. Our current study has highlighted the opportunity of using cell-free extracts from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells spheroid as novel immunomodulators for the treatment of immunological-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witchayapon Kamprom
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Rattanawan Tangporncharoen
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Nuttapoom Vongthaiwan
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Patcharapa Tragoonlugkana
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Jitrada Phetfong
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Pruksapong
- Department of Surgery, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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12
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Chen Z, Xia X, Yao M, Yang Y, Ao X, Zhang Z, Guo L, Xu X. The dual role of mesenchymal stem cells in apoptosis regulation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:250. [PMID: 38582754 PMCID: PMC10998921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely distributed pluripotent stem cells with powerful immunomodulatory capacity. MSCs transplantation therapy (MSCT) is widely used in the fields of tissue regeneration and repair, and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Apoptosis is an important way for tissues to maintain cell renewal, but it also plays an important role in various diseases. And many studies have shown that MSCs improves the diseases by regulating cell apoptosis. The regulation of MSCs on apoptosis is double-sided. On the one hand, MSCs significantly inhibit the apoptosis of diseased cells. On the other hand, MSCs also promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and excessive immune cells. Furthermore, MSCs regulate apoptosis through multiple molecules and pathways, including three classical apoptotic signaling pathways and other pathways. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the regulation of apoptosis by MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mengwei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of orthopedics, The 953th Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Guo
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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13
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Gil-Chinchilla JI, Bueno C, Martínez CM, Ferrández-Múrtula A, García-Hernández AM, Blanquer M, Molina-Molina M, Zapata AG, Sackstein R, Moraleda JM, García-Bernal D. Optimizing cryopreservation conditions for use of fucosylated human mesenchymal stromal cells in anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory therapeutics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385691. [PMID: 38605955 PMCID: PMC11007032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being increasingly used in cell-based therapies due to their broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Intravascularly-administered MSCs do not efficiently migrate to sites of inflammation/immunopathology, but this shortfall has been overcome by cell surface enzymatic fucosylation to engender expression of the potent E-selectin ligand HCELL. In applications of cell-based therapies, cryopreservation enables stability in both storage and transport of the produced cells from the manufacturing facility to the point of care. However, it has been reported that cryopreservation and thawing dampens their immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory activity even after a reactivation/reconditioning step. To address this issue, we employed a variety of methods to cryopreserve and thaw fucosylated human MSCs derived from either bone marrow or adipose tissue sources. We then evaluated their immunosuppressive properties, cell viability, morphology, proliferation kinetics, immunophenotype, senescence, and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Our studies provide new insights into the immunobiology of cryopreserved and thawed MSCs and offer a readily applicable approach to optimize the use of fucosylated human allogeneic MSCs as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús I. Gil-Chinchilla
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Bueno
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos M. Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Ferrández-Múrtula
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana M. García-Hernández
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mar Molina-Molina
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, and the Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jose M. Moraleda
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia and Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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14
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Ichise T, Ichise H, Shimizu Y. Development of a Mouse Experimental System for the In Vivo Characterization of Bioengineered Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells. Cells 2024; 13:582. [PMID: 38607021 PMCID: PMC11011746 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are an important resource for cell-based therapies. However, the dynamics of ADSCs after transplantation and their mechanisms of action in recipients remain unclear. Herein, we generated genetically engineered mouse ADSCs to clarify their biodistribution and post-transplantation status and to analyze their role in recipient mesenchymal tissue modeling. Immortalized ADSCs (iADSCs) retained ADSC characteristics such as stromal marker gene expression and differentiation potential. iADSCs expressing a fluorescent reporter gene were seeded into biocompatible nonwoven fabric sheets and transplanted into the dorsal subcutaneous region of neonatal mice. Transplanted donor ADSCs were distributed as CD90-positive stromal cells on the sheets and survived 1 month after transplantation. Although accumulation of T lymphocytes or macrophages inside the sheet was not observed with or without donor cells, earlier migration and accumulation of recipient blood vascular endothelial cells (ECs) inside the sheet was observed in the presence of donor cells. Thus, our mouse model can help in studying the interplay between donor ADSCs and recipient cells over a 1-month period. This system may be of value for assessing and screening bioengineered ADSCs in vivo for optimal cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Ichise
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara 903-0215, Japan
| | - Hirotake Ichise
- Institute for Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara 903-0215, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara 903-0215, Japan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara 903-0215, Japan
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15
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Gonçalves MP, Farah R, Bikorimana JP, Abusarah J, EL-Hachem N, Saad W, Talbot S, Stanga D, Beaudoin S, Plouffe S, Rafei M. A1-reprogrammed mesenchymal stromal cells prime potent antitumoral responses. iScience 2024; 27:109248. [PMID: 38433914 PMCID: PMC10907831 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been modified via genetic or pharmacological engineering into potent antigen-presenting cells-like capable of priming responding CD8 T cells. In this study, our screening of a variant library of Accum molecule revealed a molecule (A1) capable of eliciting antigen cross-presentation properties in MSCs. A1-reprogrammed MSCs (ARM) exhibited improved soluble antigen uptake and processing. Our comprehensive analysis, encompassing cross-presentation assays and molecular profiling, among other cellular investigations, elucidated A1's impact on endosomal escape, reactive oxygen species production, and cytokine secretion. By evaluating ARM-based cellular vaccine in mouse models of lymphoma and melanoma, we observe significant therapeutic potency, particularly in allogeneic setting and in combination with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. Overall, this study introduces a strong target for developing an antigen-adaptable vaccination platform, capable of synergizing with immune checkpoint blockers to trigger tumor regression, supporting further investigation of ARMs as an effective and versatile anti-cancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roudy Farah
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Bikorimana
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamilah Abusarah
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nehme EL-Hachem
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wael Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Stanga
- Defence Therapeutics Inc., Research and Development branch, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Beaudoin
- Defence Therapeutics Inc., Research and Development branch, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sebastien Plouffe
- Defence Therapeutics Inc., Research and Development branch, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moutih Rafei
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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16
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Humbert P, Kampleitner C, De Lima J, Brennan MÁ, Lodoso-Torrecilla I, Sadowska JM, Blanchard F, Canal C, Ginebra MP, Hoffmann O, Layrolle P. Phase composition of calcium phosphate materials affects bone formation by modulating osteoclastogenesis. Acta Biomater 2024; 176:417-431. [PMID: 38272200 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) seeded on calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics are extensively explored in bone tissue engineering and have recently shown effective clinical outcomes. In previous pre-clinical studies, hMSCs-CaP-mediated bone formation was preceded by osteoclastogenesis at the implantation site. The current study evaluates to what extent phase composition of CaPs affects the osteoclast response and ultimately influence bone formation. To this end, four different CaP bioceramics were used, hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and two biphasic composites of HA/β-TCP ratios of 60/40 and 20/80 respectively, for in vitro osteoclast differentiation and correlation with in vivo osteoclastogenesis and bone formation. All ceramics allowed osteoclast formation in vitro from mouse and human precursors, except for pure HA, which significantly impaired their maturation. Ectopic implantation alongside hMSCs in subcutis sites of nude mice revealed new bone formation at 8 weeks in all conditions with relative amounts for β-TCP > biphasic CaPs > HA. Surprisingly, while hMSCs were essential for osteoinduction, their survival did not correlate with bone formation. By contrast, the degree of early osteoclastogenesis (2 weeks) seemed to define the extent of subsequent bone formation. Together, our findings suggest that the osteoclastic response could be used as a predictive marker in hMSC-CaP-based bone regeneration and strengthens the need to understand the underlying mechanisms for future biomaterial development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The combination of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and calcium phosphate (CaP) materials has demonstrated its safety and efficacy for bone regeneration in clinical trials, despite our insufficient understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Osteoclasts were previously suggested as key mediators between the early inflammatory phase following biomaterial implantation and the subsequent bone formation. Here we compared the affinity of osteoclasts for various CaP materials with different ratios of hydroxyapatite to β-tricalcium phosphate. We found that osteoclast formation, both in vitro and at early stages in vivo, correlates with bone formation when the materials were implanted alongside MSCs in mice. Surprisingly, MSC survival did not correlate with bone formation, suggesting that the number or phenotype of osteoclasts formed was more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Humbert
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, University of Nantes, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Carina Kampleitner
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation With AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster of Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julien De Lima
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, University of Nantes, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Meadhbh Á Brennan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Irene Lodoso-Torrecilla
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanna Maria Sadowska
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frédéric Blanchard
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; INSERM, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, University of Nantes, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Cristina Canal
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oskar Hoffmann
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; INSERM, UMR 1214, ToNIC, CHU Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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17
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Ma C, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Hu CH, Zheng CX, Jin Y, Sui BD. Autonomic neural regulation in mediating the brain-bone axis: mechanisms and implications for regeneration under psychological stress. QJM 2024; 117:95-108. [PMID: 37252831 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient regeneration of bone defects caused by disease or significant trauma is a major challenge in current medicine, which is particularly difficult yet significant under the emerging psychological stress in the modern society. Notably, the brain-bone axis has been proposed as a prominent new concept in recent years, among which autonomic nerves act as an essential and emerging skeletal pathophysiological factor related to psychological stress. Studies have established that sympathetic cues lead to impairment of bone homeostasis mainly through acting on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives with also affecting the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-lineage osteoclasts, and the autonomic neural regulation of stem cell lineages in bone is increasingly recognized to contribute to the bone degenerative disease, osteoporosis. This review summarizes the distribution characteristics of autonomic nerves in bone, introduces the regulatory effects and mechanisms of autonomic nerves on MSC and HSC lineages, and expounds the crucial role of autonomic neural regulation on bone physiology and pathology, which acts as a bridge between the brain and the bone. With the translational perspective, we further highlight the autonomic neural basis of psychological stress-induced bone loss and a series of pharmaceutical therapeutic strategies and implications toward bone regeneration. The summary of research progress in this field will add knowledge to the current landscape of inter-organ crosstalk and provide a medicinal basis for the achievement of clinical bone regeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Y Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - C-H Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - C-X Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Y Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - B-D Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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18
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Kheder RK, Darweesh O, Hussen BM, Abdullah SR, Basiri A, Taheri M. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic agent of inflammatory disease and infectious COVID-19 virus: live or dead mesenchymal? Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:295. [PMID: 38340168 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 infection is a worldwide disease that causes numerous immune-inflammatory disorders, tissue damage, and lung dysfunction. COVID-19 vaccines, including those from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm, are available globally as effective interventions for combating the disease. The severity of COVID-19 can be most effectively reduced by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) because they possess anti-inflammatory activity and can reverse lung dysfunction. MSCs can be harvested from various sources, such as adipose tissue, bone marrow, peripheral blood, inner organs, and neonatal tissues. The regulation of inflammatory cytokines is crucial in inhibiting inflammatory diseases and promoting the presence of anti-inflammatory cytokines for infectious diseases. MSCs have been employed as therapeutic agents for tissue damage, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and COVID-19 patients. Our research aimed to determine whether live or dead MSCs are more suitable for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Our findings concluded that dead MSCs, when directly administered to the patient, offer advantages over viable MSCs due to their extended presence and higher levels of immune regulation, such as T-reg, B-reg, and IL-10, compared to live MSCs. Additionally, dead and apoptotic MSCs are likely to be more readily captured by monocytes and macrophages, prolonging their presence compared to live MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Omeed Darweesh
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Scineces, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institue of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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19
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Huang W, Wang B, Ou Q, Zhang X, He Y, Mao X, Wei X, Kou X. ASC-expressing pyroptotic extracellular vesicles alleviate sepsis by protecting B cells. Mol Ther 2024; 32:395-410. [PMID: 38093517 PMCID: PMC10861962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death process characterized by membrane rupture. Interestingly, pyroptotic cells can generate plenty of nanosized vesicles. Non-inflammatory apoptotic cell death-derived apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) were systemically characterized and displayed multiple physiological functions and therapeutic potentials. However, the characteristics of pyroptotic cell-generated extracellular vesicles (EVs) are largely unknown. Here, we identified a group of pyroptotic EVs (pyroEVs) from in vitro cultured pyroptotic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as well as from septic mouse blood. Compared with apoVs, pyroEVs express similar levels of annexin V, calreticulin, and common EV markers, but express a decreased level of apoptotic marker cleave caspase-3. PyroEVs, but not apoVs and exosomes, specifically express pyroptotic maker apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC). More importantly, MSC-derived pyroEVs protect B cells in the spleen and bone marrow to relieve inflammatory responses and enhance the survival rate of the septic mice. Mechanistically, pyroEV membrane-expressed ASC binds to B cells to repress cell death by repressing Toll-like receptor 4. This study uncovered the characteristics of pyroEVs and their therapeutic role in sepsis and B cell-mediated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Qianmin Ou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yifan He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xueli Mao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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20
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Ozkocak DC, Poon IKH. Fighting fire with fire: Extracellular vesicles from pyroptotic mesenchymal stromal cells can dampen inflammation during sepsis. Mol Ther 2024; 32:275-276. [PMID: 38246163 PMCID: PMC10862001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara C Ozkocak
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ivan K H Poon
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
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21
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Xu L, Min H, Saha A, Gunaratne A, Schwartzman J, Parrott R, Kurtzberg J, Filiano AJ. Mesenchymal stromal cells suppress microglial activation and tumor necrosis factor production. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:185-193. [PMID: 38054911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS White matter diseases are commonly associated with microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties and thus have the potential to be developed as cell therapy for white matter disease. MSCs interact with resident macrophages to alter the trajectory of inflammation; however, the impact MSCs have on central nervous system macrophages and the effect this has on the progression of white matter disease are unclear. METHODS In this study, we utilized numerous assays of varying complexity to model different aspects of white matter disease. These assays ranged from an in vivo spinal cord acute demyelination model to a simple microglial cell line activation assay. Our goal was to investigate the influence of human umbilical cord tissue MSCs on the activation of microglia. RESULTS MSCs reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by microglia and decreased demyelinated lesions in the spinal cord after acute focal injury. To determine if MSCs could directly suppress the activation of microglia and to develop an efficient potency assay, we utilized isolated primary microglia from mouse brains and the Immortalized MicroGlial Cell Line (IMG). MSCs suppressed the activation of microglia and the release of TNF after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, a toll-like receptor agonist. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that MSCs altered the immune response after acute injury in the spinal cord. In numerous assays, MSCs suppressed activation of microglia and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF. Of these assays, IMG could be standardized and used as an effective potency assay to determine the efficacy of MSCs for treating white matter disease or other neuroinflammatory conditions associated with microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hyunjung Min
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arjun Saha
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aruni Gunaratne
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Roberta Parrott
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony J Filiano
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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22
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Dave M, Dev A, Somoza RA, Zhao N, Viswanath S, Mina PR, Chirra P, Obmann VC, Mahabeleshwar GH, Menghini P, Durbin-Johnson B, Nolta J, Soto C, Osme A, Khuat LT, Murphy WJ, Caplan AI, Cominelli F. MSCs mediate long-term efficacy in a Crohn's disease model by sustained anti-inflammatory macrophage programming via efferocytosis. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38245543 PMCID: PMC10799947 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are novel therapeutics for the treatment of Crohn's disease. However, their mechanism of action is unclear, especially in disease-relevant chronic models of inflammation. Thus, we used SAMP-1/YitFc (SAMP), a chronic and spontaneous murine model of small intestinal inflammation, to study the therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSC). hMSC dose-dependently inhibited naïve T lymphocyte proliferation via prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion and reprogrammed macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We found that the hMSCs promoted mucosal healing and immunologic response early after administration in SAMP when live hMSCs are present (until day 9) and resulted in a complete response characterized by mucosal, histological, immunologic, and radiological healing by day 28 when no live hMSCs are present. hMSCs mediate their effect via modulation of T cells and macrophages in the mesentery and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). Sc-RNAseq confirmed the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and identified macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic hMSCs as a mechanism that explains their long-term efficacy. Taken together, our findings show that hMSCs result in healing and tissue regeneration in a chronic model of small intestinal inflammation and despite being short-lived, exert long-term effects via sustained anti-inflammatory programming of macrophages via efferocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh Dave
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - Atul Dev
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo A Somoza
- Skeletal Research Center, Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Satish Viswanath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pooja Rani Mina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Prathyush Chirra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Verena Carola Obmann
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ganapati H Mahabeleshwar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paola Menghini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jan Nolta
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Division of Malignant Hematology/Cell and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Christopher Soto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Osme
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lam T Khuat
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Division of Malignant Hematology/Cell and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Arnold I Caplan
- Skeletal Research Center, Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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23
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Bahrami M, Darabi S, Roozbahany NA, Abbaszadeh HA, Moghadasali R. Great potential of renal progenitor cells in kidney: From the development to clinic. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113875. [PMID: 38092345 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian renal organ represents a pinnacle of complexity, housing functional filtering units known as nephrons. During embryogenesis, the depletion of niches containing renal progenitor cells (RPCs) and the subsequent incapacity of adult kidneys to generate new nephrons have prompted the formulation of protocols aimed at isolating residual RPCs from mature kidneys and inducing their generation from diverse cell sources, notably pluripotent stem cells. Recent strides in the realm of regenerative medicine and the repair of tissues using stem cells have unveiled critical signaling pathways essential for the maintenance and generation of human RPCs in vitro. These findings have ushered in a new era for exploring novel strategies for renal protection. The present investigation delves into potential transcription factors and signaling cascades implicated in the realm of renal progenitor cells, focusing on their protection and differentiation. The discourse herein elucidates contemporary research endeavors dedicated to the acquisition of progenitor cells, offering crucial insights into the developmental mechanisms of these cells within the renal milieu and paving the way for the formulation of innovative treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bahrami
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Laser Applications in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Applications in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Ti D, Yi J, Chen H, Hao H, Shi C. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Secretome in Macrophage Polarization: Perspectives on Treating Inflammatory Diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:894-905. [PMID: 37723965 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230811093101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have exhibited potential for treating multiple inflammation- related diseases (IRDs) due to their easy acquisition, unique immunomodulatory and tissue repair properties, and immune-privileged characteristics. It is worth mentioning that MSCs release a wide array of soluble bioactive components in the secretome that modulate host innate and adaptive immune responses and promote the resolution of inflammation. As the first line of defense, macrophages exist throughout the entire inflammation process. They continuously switch their molecular phenotypes accompanied by complementary functional regulation ranging from classically activated pro-inflammatory M1-type (M1) to alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages (M2). Recent studies have shown that the active intercommunication between MSCs and macrophages is indispensable for the immunomodulatory and regenerative behavior of MSCs in pharmacological cell therapy products. In this review, we systematically summarized the emerging capacities and detailed the molecular mechanisms of the MSC-derived secretome (MSC-SE) in immunomodulating macrophage polarization and preventing excessive inflammation, providing novel insights into the clinical applications of MSC-based therapy in IRD management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Yi
- Newlife R&D Center, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Jiang T, Xia Y, Wang W, Zhao J, Liu W, Liu S, Shi S, Li B, He X, Jin Y. Apoptotic bodies inhibit inflammation by PDL1-PD1-mediated macrophage metabolic reprogramming. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13531. [PMID: 37553821 PMCID: PMC10771117 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis triggers immunoregulation to prevent and suppress inflammation and autoimmunity. However, the mechanism by which apoptotic cells modulate immune responses remains largely elusive. In the context of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation, long-term immunoregulation is observed in the host despite the short survive of the injected MSCs. In this study, utilizing a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI), we demonstrate that apoptotic bodies (ABs) released by transplanted human umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) convert the macrophages from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state, thereby ameliorating the disease. Mechanistically, we identify the expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) on the membrane of UC-MSCs-derived ABs, which interacts with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) on host macrophages. This interaction leads to the reprogramming of macrophage metabolism, shifting from glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation via the Erk-dependent pathway in ALI. Importantly, we have reproduced the PDL1-PD1 effects of ABs on metabolic switch using alveolar macrophages from patients with ALI, suggesting the potential clinical implications of developing therapeutic strategies for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yanmin Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wenzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Songtao Shi
- South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guanghua School of StomatologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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26
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Chen Z, Yao MW, Ao X, Gong QJ, Yang Y, Liu JX, Lian QZ, Xu X, Zuo LJ. The expression mechanism of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 and its role in immunomodulatory ability of mesenchymal stem cells. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:1-10. [PMID: 38065706 PMCID: PMC10859298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important immunosuppressive molecule, which inhibits the function of T cells and other immune cells by binding to the receptor programmed cell death-1. The PD-L1 expression disorder plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and treatment of sepsis or other inflammatory diseases, and has become an important target for the treatment of these diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells with multiple differentiation potential. In recent years, MSCs have been found to have a strong immunosuppressive ability and are used to treat various inflammatory insults caused by hyperimmune diseases. Moreover, PD-L1 is deeply involved in the immunosuppressive events of MSCs and plays an important role in the treatment of various diseases. In this review, we will summarize the main regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression, and discuss various biological functions of PD-L1 in the immune regulation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng-Wei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Orthopedics, 953 Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qing-Jia Gong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jin-Xia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Qi-Zhou Lian
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Ling-Jing Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650034, China.
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27
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Singh AK, Prasad P, Cancelas JA. Mesenchymal stromal cells, metabolism, and mitochondrial transfer in bone marrow normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1325291. [PMID: 38169927 PMCID: PMC10759248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1325291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation-based treatments are in different phases of clinical development, ranging from current therapies to a promise in the repair and regeneration of diseased tissues and organs. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which are fibroblast-like heterogeneous progenitors with multilineage differentiation (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic) and self-renewal potential, and exist in the bone marrow (BM), adipose, and synovium, among other tissues, represent one of the most widely used sources of stem cells in regenerative medicine. MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) exhibit a variety of traits, including the potential to drive HSC fate and anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive capabilities via paracrine activities and interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of BM-MSC-derived adipocytes is more controversial and may act as positive or negative regulators of benign or malignant hematopoiesis based on their anatomical location and functional crosstalk with surrounding cells in the BM microenvironment. This review highlights the most recent clinical and pre-clinical findings on how BM-MSCs interact with the surrounding HSCs, progenitors, and immune cells, and address some recent insights on the mechanisms that mediate MSCs and adipocyte metabolic control through a metabolic crosstalk between BM microenvironment cells and intercellular mitochondrial transfer in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K. Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Parash Prasad
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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28
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English K. Apoptotic MSCs, COX2/PGE2 and clinical efficacy in Crohn fistula. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3364-3366. [PMID: 37980902 PMCID: PMC10727974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen English
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland; Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland.
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29
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Cheung TS, Giacomini C, Cereda M, Avivar-Valderas A, Capece D, Bertolino GM, delaRosa O, Hicks R, Ciccocioppo R, Franzoso G, Galleu A, Ciccarelli FD, Dazzi F. Apoptosis in mesenchymal stromal cells activates an immunosuppressive secretome predicting clinical response in Crohn's disease. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3531-3544. [PMID: 37805713 PMCID: PMC10727969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo apoptosis of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) plays a critical role in delivering immunomodulation. Yet, caspase activity not only mediates the dying process but also death-independent functions that may shape the immunogenicity of apoptotic cells. Therefore, a better characterization of the immunological profile of apoptotic MSCs (ApoMSCs) could shed light on their mechanistic action and therapeutic applications. We analyzed the transcriptomes of MSCs undergoing apoptosis and identified several immunomodulatory factors and chemokines dependent on caspase activation following Fas stimulation. The ApoMSC secretome inhibited human T cell proliferation and activation, and chemoattracted monocytes in vitro. Both immunomodulatory activities were dependent on the cyclooxygenase2 (COX2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) axis. To assess the clinical relevance of ApoMSC signature, we used the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a cohort of fistulizing Crohn's disease (CD) patients who had undergone MSC treatment (ADMIRE-CD). Compared with healthy donors, MSCs exposed to patients' PBMCs underwent apoptosis and released PGE2 in a caspase-dependent manner. Both PGE2 and apoptosis were significantly associated with clinical responses to MSCs. Our findings identify a new mechanism whereby caspase activation delivers ApoMSC immunosuppression. Remarkably, such molecular signatures could implicate translational tools for predicting patients' clinical responses to MSC therapy in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tik Shing Cheung
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chiara Giacomini
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Cereda
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS, Str. Prov.le 142, km 3.95, 10060 Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | | | - Daria Capece
- Centre for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Olga delaRosa
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Ryan Hicks
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell Therapy, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, A.O.U.I. Policlinico G.B. Rossi & University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Centre for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Galleu
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesca D Ciccarelli
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; BioPharmaceuticals R&D Cell therapy, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
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30
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Wang J, Donohoe E, Canning A, Moosavizadeh S, Buckley F, Brennan MÁ, Ryan AE, Ritter T. Immunomodulatory function of licensed human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived apoptotic bodies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111096. [PMID: 37871378 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show great potential for immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory treatments. Clinical trials have been performed for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes, graft-versus-host disease and organ transplantation, which offer a promise of MSCs as an immunomodulatory therapy. Nevertheless, their unstable efficacy and immunogenicity concerns present challenges to clinical translation. It has emerged that the MSC-derived secretome, which includes secreted proteins, exosomes, apoptotic bodies (ABs) and other macromolecules, may have similar therapeutic effects to parent MSCs. Among all of the components of the MSC-derived secretome, most interest thus far has been garnered by exosomes for their therapeutic potential. However, since MSCs were reported to undergo apoptosis after in vivo transplantation and release ABs, we speculated as to whether ABs have immunomodulatory effects. In this study, cytokine licensing was used to enhance the immunomodulatory potency of MSCs and ABs derived from licensed MSCs in vitro were isolated to explore their immunomodulatory effects as an effective non-viable cell therapy. RESULTS IFN-γ and IFN-γ/TGF-β1 licensing enhanced the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on T cell proliferation. Further, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ licensing strengthened the immunomodulatory effect of MSC on reducing the TNF-α and IL-1β expression by M1 macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Additionally, we discovered the immunomodulatory effect mediated by MSC-derived apoptotic bodies. Licensing impacted the uptake of ABs by recipient immune cells and importantly altered their phenotypes. CONCLUSION ABs derived from IFN-γ/TGF-β1-licensed apoptotic MSCs significantly inhibited T cell proliferation, induced more regulatory T cells, and maintained immunomodulatory T cells but reduced pro-inflammatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ellen Donohoe
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife Canning
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Seyedmohammad Moosavizadeh
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fiona Buckley
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Meadhbh Á Brennan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aideen E Ryan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Vafadar A, Vosough P, Jahromi HK, Tajbakhsh A, Savardshtaki A, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. The role of efferocytosis and transplant rejection: Strategies in promoting transplantation tolerance using apoptotic cell therapy and/or synthetic particles. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:959-977. [PMID: 37787641 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been made to recognize the precise reason(s) for transplant failure and the process of rejection utilizing the molecular signature. Most transplant recipients do not appreciate the unknown length of survival of allogeneic grafts with the existing standard of care. Two noteworthy immunological pathways occur during allogeneic transplant rejection. A nonspecific innate immune response predominates in the early stages of the immune reaction, and allogeneic antigens initiate a donor-specific adaptive reaction. Though the adaptive response is the major cause of allograft rejection, earlier pro-inflammatory responses that are part of the innate immune response are also regarded as significant in graft loss. The onset of the innate and adaptive immune response causes chronic and acute transplant rejection. Currently employed immunosuppressive medications have shown little or no influence on chronic rejection and, as a result, on overall long-term transplant survival. Furthermore, long-term pharmaceutical immunosuppression is associated with side effects, toxicity, and an increased risk of developing diseases, both infectious and metabolic. As a result, there is a need for the development of innovative donor-specific immunosuppressive medications to regulate the allorecognition pathways that induce graft loss and to reduce the side effects of immunosuppression. Efferocytosis is an immunomodulatory mechanism with fast and efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs). As such, AC therapy strategies have been suggested to limit transplant-related sequelae. Efferocytosis-based medicines/treatments can also decrease the use of immunosuppressive drugs and have no detrimental side effects. Thus, this review aims to investigate the impact of efferocytosis on transplant rejection/tolerance and identify approaches using AC clearance to increase transplant viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Vafadar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parisa Vosough
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kargar Jahromi
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Disease, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardshtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Li H, Ji XQ, Zhang SM, Bi RH. Hypoxia and inflammatory factor preconditioning enhances the immunosuppressive properties of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:999-1016. [PMID: 38058960 PMCID: PMC10696190 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i11.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great potential for the treatment of various immune diseases due to their unique immunomodulatory properties. However, MSCs exposed to the harsh inflammatory environment of damaged tissue after intravenous transplantation cannot exert their biological effects, and therefore, their therapeutic efficacy is reduced. In this challenging context, an in vitro preconditioning method is necessary for the development of MSC-based therapies with increased immunomodulatory capacity and transplantation efficacy. AIM To determine whether hypoxia and inflammatory factor preconditioning increases the immunosuppressive properties of MSCs without affecting their biological characteristics. METHODS Umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) were pretreated with hypoxia (2% O2) exposure and inflammatory factors (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) for 24 h. Flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and other experimental methods were used to evaluate the biological characteristics of pretreated UC-MSCs and to determine whether pretreatment affected the immunosuppressive ability of UC-MSCs in coculture with immune cells. RESULTS Pretreatment with hypoxia and inflammatory factors caused UC-MSCs to be elongated but did not affect their viability, proliferation or size. In addition, pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of coagulation-related tissue factors but did not affect the expression of other surface markers. Similarly, mitochondrial function and integrity were retained. Although pretreatment promoted UC-MSC apoptosis and senescence, it increased the expression of genes and proteins related to immune regulation. Pretreatment increased peripheral blood mononuclear cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation rates and inhibited NK cell-induced toxicity to varying degrees. CONCLUSION In summary, hypoxia and inflammatory factor preconditioning led to higher immunosuppressive effects of MSCs without damaging their biological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ri-Hui Bi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030002, Shanxi Province, China.
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Dreyer GJ, Drabbels JJM, de Fijter JW, van Kooten C, Reinders MEJ, Heidt S. Cell-free DNA measurement of three genomes after allogeneic MSC therapy in kidney transplant recipients indicates early cell death of infused MSC. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240347. [PMID: 38022634 PMCID: PMC10652747 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy is a promising treatment that allows for drug minimization in clinical kidney transplantation. While it is thought that MSCs rapidly go into apoptosis after infusion, clinical evidence for this is scarce since methods to detect cell death of infused cells in vivo are lacking. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has recently gained attention as a biomarker for cell death. Methods In this study, we longitudinally measured cfDNA in plasma samples of the recipient, kidney donor, and allogeneic third-party MSC in the context of the Neptune study. cfDNA levels were measured at several time points before and after allogeneic MSC infusion in the 10 recipients who participated in the Neptune study. cfDNA ratios between the recipient, kidney graft, and MSC were determined. Results We observed a peak in MSC-derived cfDNA 4 h after the first and second infusions, after which MSC-derived cfDNA became undetectable. Generally, kidney graft-derived cfDNA remained in the baseline-level range. Discussion Our results support preclinical data that MSC are short-lived after infusion, also in a clinical in vivo setting, and are relevant for further research into the mechanism of action of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geertje J. Dreyer
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jos JM. Drabbels
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Johan W. de Fijter
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marlies EJ. Reinders
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Transplant Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Lin R, Zhang T, Gao J. Apoptotic Vesicles of MSCs: The Natural Therapeutic Agents and Bio-Vehicles for Targeting Drug Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301671. [PMID: 37491784 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies are increasingly recognized as promising cellular therapeutics and show the ability to treat various diseases. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated. Some recent studies have shown an unexpected result whereby MSCs undergo rapid apoptosis following administration but still exert therapeutic effects in some disease treatments. Such a therapeutic mechanism is believed to associate with the released apoptotic vesicles from apoptotic MSCs (MSC-ApoVs). This finding inspires a novel therapeutic strategy for using MSC-ApoVs for disease treatment. The present review aims to summarize the biogenesis, physiological functions, therapeutic potentials, and related mechanisms of apoptotic vesicles in MSC-based therapy. In addition, the potential applications of MSC-ApoVs as natural therapeutic agents and natural drug delivery vehicles are proposed and highlighted. The present review is hoped to provide a general understanding of MSC-ApoVs in disease treatment and inspire potential applications in targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo First Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, China
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Anandabaskaran S, Hanna L, Iqbal N, Constable L, Tozer P, Hart A. Where Are We and Where to Next?-The Future of Perianal Crohn's Disease Management. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6379. [PMID: 37835022 PMCID: PMC10573672 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Perianal fistulizing Crohn's Disease (pCD) affects about 25% of patients with Crohn's Disease (CD). It remains a difficult entity to manage with a therapeutic ceiling of treatment success despite improving medical and surgical management. The refractory nature of the disease calls for an imminent need to better understand its immunopathogenesis and classification to better streamline our treatment options. In this article, we overview the current state of pCD management and discuss where the future of its management may lie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulak Anandabaskaran
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Robin Phillip’s Fistula Research Unit, St Mark’s Hospital and Academic Institute, London HA1 3UJ, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, 390 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Luke Hanna
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Robin Phillip’s Fistula Research Unit, St Mark’s Hospital and Academic Institute, London HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Nusrat Iqbal
- Robin Phillip’s Fistula Research Unit, St Mark’s Hospital and Academic Institute, London HA1 3UJ, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Laura Constable
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Phil Tozer
- Robin Phillip’s Fistula Research Unit, St Mark’s Hospital and Academic Institute, London HA1 3UJ, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Ailsa Hart
- Robin Phillip’s Fistula Research Unit, St Mark’s Hospital and Academic Institute, London HA1 3UJ, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
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Zeiser R, Ringden O, Sadeghi B, Gonen-Yaacovi G, Segurado OG. Novel therapies for graft versus host disease with a focus on cell therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241068. [PMID: 37868964 PMCID: PMC10585098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) can occur at any period post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a common clinical complication contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Acute GVHD develops in approximately 30-50% of patients receiving transplants from matched related donors. High doses of steroids are used as first-line treatment, but are unsuccessful in around 40% of patients, resulting in the diagnosis of steroid-refractory acute GVHD. Consensus has yet to develop for the management of steroid-refractory acute GVHD, and prognosis at six months has been estimated at around 50%. Thus, it is critical to find effective treatments that increase survival of steroid-refractory acute GVHD. This article describes the currently known characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatments for GVHD, with a special focus on recent advances in cell therapies. In particular, a novel cell therapy using decidua stromal cells (DSCs) was recently shown to have promising results for acute GVHD, with improved effectiveness over previous treatments including mesenchymal stromal cells. At the Karolinska Institute, severe acute GVHD patients treated with placenta-derived DSCs supplemented with either 5% albumin or 10% AB plasma displayed a one-year survival rate of 76% and 47% respectively. Furthermore, patients with steroid-refractory acute GVHD, displayed survival rates of 73% with albumin and 31% with AB plasma-supplemented DSCs, compared to the 20% survival rate in the mesenchymal stromal cell control group. Adverse events and deaths were found to be attributed only to complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplant and GVHD, not to the study intervention. ASC Therapeutics, Inc, in collaboration with the Karolinska Institute, will soon initiate a phase 2 multicenter, open-label study to further assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous DSC treatment in sixty patients with Grade II-IV steroid-refractory acute GVHD. This novel cell therapy represents a promising treatment to combat the poor prognosis that steroid-refractory acute GVHD patients currently face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine at the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olle Ringden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Behnam Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mazzoni E, Iaquinta MR, Mosaico M, De Pace R, D'Agostino A, Tognon M, Martini F. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Innovative Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:514-531. [PMID: 37212264 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a significant topic in regenerative medicine, with a predominant role being played by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The hMSCs have been shown to be suitable in regenerative medicine for the treatment of bone tissue. In the last few years, the average lifespan of our population has gradually increased. The need of biocompatible materials, which exhibit high performances, such as efficiency in bone regeneration, has been highlighted by aging. Current studies emphasize the benefit of using biomimetic biomaterials, also known as scaffolds, for bone grafts to speed up bone repair at the fracture site. For the healing of injured bone and bone regeneration, regenerative medicine techniques utilizing a combination of these biomaterials, together with cells and bioactive substances, have drawn a great interest. Cell therapy, based on the use of hMSCs, alongside materials for the healing of damaged bone, has obtained promising results. In this work, several aspects of cell biology, tissue engineering, and biomaterials applied to bone healing/regrowth will be considered. In addition, the role of hMSCs in these fields and recent progress in clinical applications are discussed. Impact Statement The restoration of large bone defects is both a challenging clinical issue and a socioeconomic problem on a global scale. Different therapeutic approaches have been proposed for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), considering their paracrine effect and potential differentiation into osteoblasts. However, different limitations are still to be overcome in using hMSCs as a therapeutic opportunity in bone fracture repair, including hMSC administration methods. To identify a suitable hMSC delivery system, new strategies have been proposed using innovative biomaterials. This review provides an update of the literature on hMSC/scaffold clinical applications for the management of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Mosaico
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Pace
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Agostino
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Wang Y, Jing L, Lei X, Ma Z, Li B, Shi Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Zhou H, Hu K, Xue Y, Jin Y. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles ameliorate cutaneous wound healing in type 2 diabetic mice via macrophage pyroptosis inhibition. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:257. [PMID: 37726853 PMCID: PMC10510296 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed healing of diabetic cutaneous wounds is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which can bring great distress to patients. In diabetic patients, macrophages accumulate around skin wounds and produce NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasomes, which in turn undergo pyroptosis and produce inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β that affect wound healing. Although our previous study revealed that apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) produced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improve cutaneous wound healing in normal C57BL/6 mice, whether ApoEVs can also improve diabetic wound healing remains unclear. METHODS Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) were cultured in vitro and apoptosis was induced. ApoEVs were extracted and identified and used in a T2DM mouse cutaneous wound model to evaluate the efficacy. The inhibitory effect of ApoEVs on macrophage pyroptosis was verified in vivo and in vitro, and the level of oxidative stress in macrophages was assessed to explore the mechanism by which ApoEVs play a role. RESULTS UCMSC-derived ApoEVs improved skin defect healing in T2DM mice. Moreover, UCMSC-derived ApoEVs inhibited macrophage pyroptosis in T2DM mice in vivo as well as in vitro under high-glucose culture conditions. In addition, we demonstrated that ApoEVs reduce oxidative stress levels, which is a possible mechanism by which they inhibit macrophage pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that local application of UCMSC-derived ApoEVs improved cutaneous wound healing in T2DM mice. ApoEVs, as products of MSC apoptosis, can inhibit macrophage pyroptosis and regulate the death process by decreasing the level of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
- The College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wuyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kaijin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhu M, Cao L, Melino S, Candi E, Wang Y, Shao C, Melino G, Shi Y, Chen X. Orchestration of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Inflammation During Wound Healing. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:576-587. [PMID: 37487541 PMCID: PMC10502569 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process and encompasses a number of overlapping phases, during which coordinated inflammatory responses following tissue injury play dominant roles in triggering evolutionarily highly conserved principals governing tissue repair and regeneration. Among all nonimmune cells involved in the process, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are most intensely investigated and have been shown to play fundamental roles in orchestrating wound healing and regeneration through interaction with the ordered inflammatory processes. Despite recent progress and encouraging results, an informed view of the scope of this evolutionarily conserved biological process requires a clear understanding of the dynamic interplay between MSCs and the immune systems in the process of wound healing. In this review, we outline current insights into the ways in which MSCs sense and modulate inflammation undergoing the process of wound healing, highlighting the central role of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells during the interaction. We also draw attention to the specific effects of MSC-based therapy on different pathological wound healing. Finally, we discuss how ongoing scientific advances in MSCs could be efficiently translated into clinical strategies, focusing on the current limitations and gaps that remain to be overcome for achieving preferred functional tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Wuxi Sinotide New Drug Discovery Institutes, Huishan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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40
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Zhu Y, Chen X, Liao Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles (ApoEVs): Mechanism and Application in Tissue Regeneration. Stem Cells 2023; 41:837-849. [PMID: 37338056 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are commonly used as a source for cellular therapy owing to their strong immunosuppressive and regenerative effects. However, MSCs undergo extensive apoptosis within a short period after transplantation. During apoptosis, MSCs generate several apoptotic extracellular vesicles (MSCs-ApoEVs). MSCs-ApoEVs are rich in miRNomes, metabolites, and proteomes. They are critical intercellular communication mediators that can exert different regulatory effects on recipient cells. MSCs-ApoEVs have been shown to promote regeneration in the skin, hair, bone, muscle, and vascular system, etc. This review describes the production, release, isolation, and functionality of ApoEVs in detail. Furthermore, we summarize the existing mechanisms of MSCs-ApoEVs used for tissue regeneration and evaluate the possible strategies for their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Hernandez Pichardo A, Wilm B, Liptrott NJ, Murray P. Intravenous Administration of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Leads to an Inflammatory Response in the Lung. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7397819. [PMID: 37705699 PMCID: PMC10497368 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7397819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) administered intravenously (IV) have shown efficacy in preclinical models of various diseases. This is despite the cells not reaching the site of injury due to entrapment in the lungs. The immunomodulatory properties of MSCs are thought to underlie their therapeutic effects, irrespective of whether they are sourced from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or umbilical cord. To better understand how MSCs affect innate immune cell populations in the lung, we evaluated the distribution and phenotype of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages by flow cytometry and histological analyses after delivering human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) IV into immunocompetent mice. After 2 hr, we observed a significant increase in neutrophils, and proinflammatory monocytes and macrophages. Moreover, these immune cells localized in close proximity to the MSCs, suggesting an active role in their clearance. By 24 hr, we detected an increase in anti-inflammatory monocytes and macrophages. These results suggest that the IV injection of hUC-MSCs leads to an initial inflammatory phase in the lung shortly after injection, followed by a resolution phase 24 hr later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Hernandez Pichardo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Centre for Pre-Clinical Imaging, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bettina Wilm
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Centre for Pre-Clinical Imaging, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Neill J. Liptrott
- Immunocompatibility Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Patricia Murray
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Centre for Pre-Clinical Imaging, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Abreu S, Alves L, Carvalho L, Xisto D, Blanco N, Castro L, Olsen P, Lapa E Silva JR, Morales MM, Lopes-Pacheco M, Weiss D, Rocco PRM. Serum from patients with asthma potentiates macrophage phagocytosis and human mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in experimental allergic asthma. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:967-976. [PMID: 37330732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although several studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit beneficial immunomodulatory properties in preclinical models of allergic asthma, effects on airway remodeling have been controversial. Recent evidence has shown that MSCs modify their in vivo immunomodulatory actions depending on the specific inflammatory environment encountered. Accordingly, we assessed whether the therapeutic properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) could be potentiated by conditioning these cells with serum (hMSC-serum) obtained from patients with asthma and then transplanted in an experimental model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma. METHODS hMSC and hMSC-serum were administered intratracheally 24 h after the final HDM challenge. hMSC viability and inflammatory mediator production, lung mechanics and histology, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cellularity and biomarker levels, mitochondrial structure and function as well as macrophage polarization and phagocytic capacity were assessed. RESULTS Serum preconditioning led to: (i) increased hMSC apoptosis and expression of transforming growth factor-β, interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene 6 protein and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1; (ii) fission and reduction of the intrinsic respiratory capacity of mitochondria; and (iii) polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype, which may be associated with a greater percentage of hMSCs phagocytosed by macrophages. Compared with mice receiving hMSCs, administration of hMSC-serum led to further reduction of collagen fiber content, eotaxin levels, total and differential cellularity and increased IL-10 levels in BALF, improving lung mechanics. hMSC-serum promoted greater M2 macrophage polarization as well as macrophage phagocytosis, mainly of apoptotic hMSCs. CONCLUSIONS Serum from patients with asthma led to a greater percentage of hMSCs phagocytosed by macrophages and triggered immunomodulatory responses, resulting in further reductions in both inflammation and remodeling compared with non-preconditioned hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia Abreu
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Alves
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiza Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Xisto
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Blanco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lígia Castro
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Olsen
- Laboratory of Immunological Studies, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Roberto Lapa E Silva
- Institute of Thoracic Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Marcos Morales
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniel Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Lu D, Jiao X, Jiang W, Yang L, Gong Q, Wang X, Wei M, Gong S. Mesenchymal stem cells influence monocyte/macrophage phenotype: Regulatory mode and potential clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115042. [PMID: 37379639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from a variety of tissues, such as umbilical cord, fat, and bone marrow. Today, MSCs are widely recognized for their prominent anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In inflammatory diseases, monocytes/macrophages are an important part of the innate immune response in the body, and the alteration of the inflammatory phenotype plays a crucial role in the secretion of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory factors, the repair of injured sites, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In this review, starting from the effect of MSCs on the monocyte/macrophage phenotype, we have outlined in detail the process by which MSCs influence the transformation of the monocyte/macrophage inflammatory phenotype, emphasizing the central role of monocytes/macrophages in MSC-mediated anti-inflammatory and damage site repair. MSCs are phagocytosed by monocytes/macrophages in various physiological states, the paracrine effect of MSCs and mitochondrial transfer of MSCs to macrophages to promote the transformation of monocytes/macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotypes. We also review the clinical applications of the MSCs-monocytes/macrophages system and describe novel pathways between MSCs and tissue repair, the effects of MSCs on the adaptive immune system, and the effects of energy metabolism levels on monocyte/macrophage phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xue Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wenjian Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Liu GQ, Liu ZX, Lin ZX, Chen P, Yan YC, Lin QR, Hu YJ, Jiang N, Yu B. Effects of Dopamine on stem cells and its potential roles in the treatment of inflammatory disorders: a narrative review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:230. [PMID: 37649087 PMCID: PMC10469852 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the host's protective response against harmful external stimulation that helps tissue repair and remodeling. However, excessive inflammation seriously threatens the patient's life. Due to anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies are used to treat various inflammatory diseases, but drug resistance, non-responsiveness, and severe side effect limit their development and application. Therefore, developing other alternative therapies has become essential in anti-inflammatory therapy. In recent years, the in-depth study of stem cells has made them a promising alternative drug for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, and the function of stem cells is regulated by a variety of signals, of which dopamine signaling is one of the main influencing factors. In this review, we review the effects of dopamine on various adult stem cells (neural stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and cancer stem cells) and their signaling pathways, as well as the application of some critical dopamine receptor agonists/antagonists. Besides, we also review the role of various adult stem cells in inflammatory diseases and discuss the potential anti-inflammation function of dopamine receptors, which provides a new therapeutic target for regenerative medicine in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Qiao Liu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zi-Xian Liu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Xin Lin
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Chi Yan
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing-Rong Lin
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Mendiratta M, Mendiratta M, Mohanty S, Sahoo RK, Prakash H. Breaking the graft-versus-host-disease barrier: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells as precision healers. Int Rev Immunol 2023; 43:95-112. [PMID: 37639700 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2023.2252007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent, non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with a wide range of immune modulation and regenerative potential which qualify them as a potential component of cell-based therapy for various autoimmune/chronic inflammatory ailments. Their immunomodulatory properties include the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, the ability to suppress T-cell activation and differentiation, and the induction of regulatory T-cells. Considering this and our interest, we here discuss the significance of MSC for the management of Graft-versus-Host-Disease (GvHD), one of the autoimmune manifestations in human. In pre-clinical models, MSCs have been shown to reduce the severity of GvHD symptoms, including skin and gut damage, which are the most common and debilitating manifestations of this disease. While initial clinical studies of MSCs in GvHD cases were promising, the results were variable in randomized studies. So, further studies are warranted to fully understand their potential benefits, safety profile, and optimal dosing regimens. Owing to these inevitable issues, here we discuss various mechanisms, and how MSCs can be employed in managing GvHD, as a cellular therapeutic approach for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Mendiratta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Amity Centre for Translational Research, Amity University, Noida, India
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Takayama Y, Kusamori K, Katsurada Y, Obana S, Itakura S, Nishikawa M. Efficient delivery of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells to injured liver by surface PEGylation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:216. [PMID: 37608303 PMCID: PMC10464485 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03446-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in clinical trials for various diseases. These have certain notable functions such as homing to inflammation sites, tissue repair, and immune regulation. In many pre-clinical studies, MSCs administered into peripheral veins demonstrated effective therapeutic outcomes. However, most of the intravenously administered MSCs were entrapped in the lung, and homing to target sites was less than 1%. This occurred mainly because of the adhesion of MSCs to vascular endothelial cells in the lung. To prevent this adhesion, we modified the surface of MSCs with polyethylene glycol (PEG; a biocompatible polymer) using the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method. METHODS The surface of MSCs was modified with PEG using the ABC method. Then, the cell adhesion to mouse aortic endothelial cells and the tissue distribution of PEG-modified MSCs were evaluated. Moreover, the homing to the injured liver and therapeutic effect of PEG-modified MSCs were evaluated using carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver failure model mice. RESULTS The PEG modification significantly suppressed the adhesion of MSCs to cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells as well as the entrapment of MSCs in the lungs after intravenous injection in mice. PEG-modified MSCs efficiently homed to the injured liver of carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver failure model mice. More importantly, the cells significantly suppressed serum transaminase levels and leukocyte infiltration into the injured liver. CONCLUSION These results indicate that PEG modification to the surface of MSCs can suppress the lung entrapment of intravenously administered MSCs and improve their homing to the injured liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiya Takayama
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe City Hospital Organization, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kusamori
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
- Laboratory of Cellular Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Yuri Katsurada
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Obana
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shoko Itakura
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Makiya Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
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Jakl V, Popp T, Haupt J, Port M, Roesler R, Wiese S, Friemert B, Rojewski MT, Schrezenmeier H. Effect of Expansion Media on Functional Characteristics of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2105. [PMID: 37626914 PMCID: PMC10453497 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been shown to rely on their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. In order to obtain sufficient numbers of cells for clinical applications, MSCs have to be expanded ex vivo. Expansion media with xenogeneic-free (XF) growth-promoting supplements like human platelet lysate (PL) or serum- and xenogeneic-free (SF/XF) formulations have been established as safe and efficient, and both groups provide different beneficial qualities. In this study, MSCs were expanded in XF or SF/XF media as well as in mixtures thereof. MSCs cultured in these media were analyzed for phenotypic and functional properties. MSC expansion was optimal with SF/XF conditions when PL was present. Metabolic patterns, consumption of growth factors, and secretome of MSCs differed depending on the type and concentration of supplement. The lactate per glucose yield increased along with a higher proportion of PL. Many factors in the supernatant of cultured MSCs showed distinct patterns depending on the supplement (e.g., FGF-2, TGFβ, and insulin only in PL-expanded MSC, and leptin, sCD40L PDGF-AA only in SF/XF-expanded MSC). This also resulted in changes in cell characteristics like migratory potential. These findings support current approaches where growth media may be utilized for priming MSCs for specific therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Jakl
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Julian Haupt
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Army Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Port
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, 80937 Munich, Germany (J.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Reinhild Roesler
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit of Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (R.R.); (S.W.)
| | - Benedikt Friemert
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Army Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus T. Rojewski
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (V.J.)
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessia and University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Hajdara A, Çakır U, Érsek B, Silló P, Széky B, Barna G, Faqi S, Gyöngy M, Kárpáti S, Németh K, Mayer B. Targeting Melanoma-Associated Fibroblasts (MAFs) with Activated γδ (Vδ2) T Cells: An In Vitro Cytotoxicity Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12893. [PMID: 37629075 PMCID: PMC10454423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has gained considerable scientific attention by playing a role in immunosuppression and tumorigenesis. Besides tumor cells, TME is composed of various other cell types, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs or MAFs when referring to melanoma-derived CAFs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), a subpopulation of which is labeled as γδ T cells. Since the current anti-cancer therapies using γδ T cells in various cancers have exhibited mixed treatment responses, to better understand the γδ T cell biology in melanoma, our research group aimed to investigate whether activated γδ T cells are capable of killing MAFs. To answer this question, we set up an in vitro platform using freshly isolated Vδ2-type γδ T cells and cultured MAFs that were biobanked from our melanoma patients. This study proved that the addition of zoledronic acid (1-2.5 µM) to the γδ T cells was necessary to drive MAFs into apoptosis. The MAF cytotoxicity of γδ T cells was further enhanced by using the stimulatory clone 20.1 of anti-BTN3A1 antibody but was reduced when anti-TCR γδ or anti-BTN2A1 antibodies were used. Since the administration of zoledronic acid is safe and tolerable in humans, our results provide further data for future clinical studies on the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hajdara
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
- Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Uğur Çakır
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Barbara Érsek
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Pálma Silló
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Balázs Széky
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
- Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Barna
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Shaaban Faqi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
- Károly Rácz Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Gyöngy
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Sarolta Kárpáti
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Krisztián Németh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
| | - Balázs Mayer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (A.H.); (U.Ç.); (P.S.); (B.S.); (S.F.); (S.K.); (K.N.)
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Schrodt MV, Behan-Bush RM, Liszewski JN, Humpal-Pash ME, Boland LK, Scroggins SM, Santillan DA, Ankrum JA. Efferocytosis of viable versus heat-inactivated MSC induces human monocytes to distinct immunosuppressive phenotypes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:206. [PMID: 37592321 PMCID: PMC10433682 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can occur through trophic factor mechanisms, however, intravenously infused MSCs are rapidly cleared from the body yet a potent immunotherapeutic response is still observed. Recent work suggests that monocytes contribute to the clearance of MSCs via efferocytosis, the body's natural mechanism for clearing dead and dying cells in a non-inflammatory manner. This begs the questions of how variations in MSC quality affect monocyte phenotype and if viable MSCs are even needed to elicit an immunosuppressive response. METHODS Herein, we sought to dissect MSC's trophic mechanism from their efferocytic mechanisms and determine if the viability of MSCs prior to efferocytosis influences the resultant phenotype of monocytes. We cultured viable or heat-inactivated human umbilical cord MSCs with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 24 h and observed changes in monocyte surface marker expression and secretion profile. To isolate the effect of efferocytosis from MSC trophic factors, we used cell separation techniques to remove non-efferocytosed MSCs before challenging monocytes to suppress T-cells or respond to inflammatory stimuli. For all experiments, viable and heat-inactivated efferocytic-licensing of monocytes were compared to non-efferocytic-licensing control. RESULTS We found that monocytes efferocytose viable and heat-inactivated MSCs equally, but only viable MSC-licensed monocytes suppress activated T-cells and suppression occurred even after depletion of residual MSCs. This provides direct evidence that monocytes that efferocytose viable MSCs are immunosuppressive. Further characterization of monocytes after efferocytosis showed that uptake of viable-but not heat inactivated-MSC resulted in monocytes secreting IL-10 and producing kynurenine. When monocytes were challenged with LPS, IL-2, and IFN-γ to simulate sepsis, monocytes that had efferocytosed viable MSC had higher levels of IDO while monocytes that efferocytosed heat inactivated-MSCs produced the lowest levels of TNF-α. CONCLUSION Collectively, these studies show that the quality of MSCs efferocytosed by monocytes polarize monocytes toward distinctive immunosuppressive phenotypes and highlights the need to tailor MSC therapies for specific indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Schrodt
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Riley M Behan-Bush
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Jesse N Liszewski
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Madeleine E Humpal-Pash
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Lauren K Boland
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Sabrina M Scroggins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Immune Based Diseases, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Immunology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Donna A Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Immune Based Diseases, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Immunology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
- , 103 S. Capitol St., 5621 SC, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Khan S, Mahgoub S, Fallatah N, Lalor PF, Newsome PN. Liver Disease and Cell Therapy: Advances Made and Remaining Challenges. Stem Cells 2023; 41:739-761. [PMID: 37052348 PMCID: PMC10809282 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The limited availability of organs for liver transplantation, the ultimate curative treatment for end stage liver disease, has resulted in a growing and unmet need for alternative therapies. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with their broad ranging anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties have therefore emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in treating inflammatory liver disease. Significant strides have been made in exploring their biological activity. Clinical application of MSC has shifted the paradigm from using their regenerative potential to one which harnesses their immunomodulatory properties. Reassuringly, MSCs have been extensively investigated for over 30 years with encouraging efficacy and safety data from translational and early phase clinical studies, but questions remain about their utility. Therefore, in this review, we examine the translational and clinical studies using MSCs in various liver diseases and their impact on dampening immune-mediated liver damage. Our key observations include progress made thus far with use of MSCs for clinical use, inconsistency in the literature to allow meaningful comparison between different studies and need for standardized protocols for MSC manufacture and administration. In addition, the emerging role of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles as an alternative to MSC has been reviewed. We have also highlighted some of the remaining clinical challenges that should be addressed before MSC can progress to be considered as therapy for patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba Khan
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Sara Mahgoub
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Nada Fallatah
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patricia F Lalor
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Philip N Newsome
- National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
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