1
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Faircloth TU, Temple S, Parr RN, Tucker AB, Rajan D, Hematti P, Kugathasan S, Chinnadurai R. Vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and immunosuppression are distinct potency mechanisms of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells 2024; 42:736-751. [PMID: 38826008 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are investigated as cellular therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases and associated perianal fistula, although consistent efficacy remains a concern. Determining host factors that modulate MSCs' potency including their secretion of angiogenic and wound-healing factors, immunosuppression, and anti-inflammatory properties are important determinants of their functionality. We investigated the mechanisms that regulate the secretion of angiogenic and wound-healing factors and immune suppression of human bone marrow MSCs. Secretory analysis of MSCs focusing on 18 angiogenic and wound-healing secretory molecules identified the most abundancy of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). MSC viability and secretion of other angiogenic factors are not dependent on VEGF-A secretion which exclude the autocrine role of VEGF-A on MSC's fitness. However, the combination of inflammatory cytokines IFNγ and TNFα reduces MSC's VEGF-A secretion. To identify the effect of intestinal microvasculature on MSCs' potency, coculture analysis was performed between human large intestine microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) and human bone marrow-derived MSCs. HLMVECs do not attenuate MSCs' viability despite blocking their VEGF-A secretion. In addition, HLMVECs neither attenuate MSC's IFNγ mediated upregulation of immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase nor abrogate suppression of T-cell proliferation despite the attenuation of VEGF-A secretion. We found that HLMVECs express copious amounts of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and mechanistic analysis showed that pharmacological blocking reverses HLMVEC-mediated attenuation of MSC's VEGF-A secretion. Together these results suggest that secretion of VEGF-A and immunosuppression are separable functions of MSCs which are regulated by distinct mechanisms in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler U Faircloth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
| | - Sara Temple
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
| | - Rhett N Parr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
| | - Anna B Tucker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
| | - Devi Rajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31324, United States
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2
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Glorieux C, Liu S, Trachootham D, Huang P. Targeting ROS in cancer: rationale and strategies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:583-606. [PMID: 38982305 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-024-00979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological systems are transient but essential molecules that are generated and eliminated by a complex set of delicately balanced molecular machineries. Disruption of redox homeostasis has been associated with various human diseases, especially cancer, in which increased ROS levels are thought to have a major role in tumour development and progression. As such, modulation of cellular redox status by targeting ROS and their regulatory machineries is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Recently, there has been major progress in this field, including the discovery of novel redox signalling pathways that affect the metabolism of tumour cells as well as immune cells in the tumour microenvironment, and the intriguing ROS regulation of biomolecular phase separation. Progress has also been made in exploring redox regulation in cancer stem cells, the role of ROS in determining cell fate and new anticancer agents that target ROS. This Review discusses these research developments and their implications for cancer therapy and drug discovery, as well as emerging concepts, paradoxes and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Glorieux
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Metabolic Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Hu X, Li Y, Cao Y, Shi F, Shang L. The role of nitric oxide synthase/ nitric oxide in infection-related cancers: Beyond antimicrobial activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189156. [PMID: 39032540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
As a free radical and endogenous effector molecule, mammalian endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is mainly derived from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) via L-arginine. NO participates in normal physiological reactions and provides immune responses to prevent the invasion of foreign bacteria. However, NO also has complex and contradictory biological effects. Abnormal NO signaling is involved in the progression of many diseases, such as cancer. In the past decades, cancer research has been closely linked with NOS/ NO, and many tumors with poor prognosis are associated with high expression of NOS. In this review, we give a overview of the biological effects of NOS/ NO. Then we focus on the oncogenic role of iNOS/ NO in HPV, HBV, EBV and H. pylori related tumors. In fact, there is growing evidence that iNOS could be used as a potential therapeutic target in cancer therapy. We emphasize that the pro-tumor effect of NOS/ NO is greater than the anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Li Shang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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4
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Wu R, Horimoto Y, Oshi M, Benesch MGK, Khoury T, Takabe K, Ishikawa T. Emerging measurements for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024; 54:620-629. [PMID: 38521965 PMCID: PMC11144297 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are a general term for lymphocytes or immune cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment. Numerous studies have demonstrated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to be robust prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors, which directly target tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, have become part of standard of care treatment for triple-negative breast cancer. Surprisingly, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes quantified by conventional methods do not predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which highlights the heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the complexity of the immune network in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are composed of diverse immune cell populations, including cytotoxic CD8-positive T lymphocytes, B cells and myeloid cells. Traditionally, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in tumor stroma have been evaluated by histology. However, the standardization of this approach is limited, necessitating the use of various novel technologies to elucidate the heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. This review outlines the evaluation methods for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from conventional pathological approaches that evaluate intratumoral and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes such as immunohistochemistry, to the more recent advancements in computer tissue imaging using artificial intelligence, flow cytometry sorting and multi-omics analyses using high-throughput assays to estimate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from bulk tumor using immune signatures or deconvolution tools. We also discuss higher resolution technologies that enable the analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes heterogeneity such as single-cell analysis and spatial transcriptomics. As we approach the era of personalized medicine, it is important for clinicians to understand these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yoshiya Horimoto
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Matthew G K Benesch
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Coutinho LL, Femino EL, Gonzalez AL, Moffat RL, Heinz WF, Cheng RYS, Lockett SJ, Rangel MC, Ridnour LA, Wink DA. NOS2 and COX-2 Co-Expression Promotes Cancer Progression: A Potential Target for Developing Agents to Prevent or Treat Highly Aggressive Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6103. [PMID: 38892290 PMCID: PMC11173351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) exert profound biological impacts dictated by their chemistry. Understanding their spatial distribution is essential for deciphering their roles in diverse biological processes. This review establishes a framework for the chemical biology of NO and RNS, exploring their dynamic reactions within the context of cancer. Concentration-dependent signaling reveals distinctive processes in cancer, with three levels of NO influencing oncogenic properties. In this context, NO plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and immune suppression. Increased NOS2 expression correlates with poor survival across different tumors, including breast cancer. Additionally, NOS2 can crosstalk with the proinflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to promote cancer progression. NOS2 and COX-2 co-expression establishes a positive feed-forward loop, driving immunosuppression and metastasis in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer. Spatial evaluation of NOS2 and COX-2 reveals orthogonal expression, suggesting the unique roles of these niches in the tumor microenvironment (TME). NOS2 and COX2 niche formation requires IFN-γ and cytokine-releasing cells. These niches contribute to poor clinical outcomes, emphasizing their role in cancer progression. Strategies to target these markers include direct inhibition, involving pan-inhibitors and selective inhibitors, as well as indirect approaches targeting their induction or downstream effectors. Compounds from cruciferous vegetables are potential candidates for NOS2 and COX-2 inhibition offering therapeutic applications. Thus, understanding the chemical biology of NO and RNS, their spatial distribution, and their implications in cancer progression provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapies and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro L. Coutinho
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Elise L. Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Ana L. Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Rebecca L. Moffat
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Office of Science and Technology Resources, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - William F. Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Robert Y. S. Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Stephen J. Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - M. Cristina Rangel
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Lisa A. Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - David A. Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
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6
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Ridnour LA, Cheng RY, Kedei N, Somasundaram V, Bhattacharyya DD, Basudhar D, Wink AL, Walke AJ, Kim C, Heinz WF, Edmondson EF, Butcher DO, Warner AC, Dorsey TH, Pore M, Kinders RJ, Lipkowitz S, Bryant RJ, Rittscher J, Wong ST, Hewitt SM, Chang JC, Shalaby A, Callagy GM, Glynn SA, Ambs S, Anderson SK, McVicar DW, Lockett SJ, Wink DA. Adjuvant COX inhibition augments STING signaling and cytolytic T cell infiltration in irradiated 4T1 tumors. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e165356. [PMID: 38912586 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune therapy is the new frontier of cancer treatment. Therapeutic radiation is a known inducer of immune response and can be limited by immunosuppressive mediators including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) that is highly expressed in aggressive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). A clinical cohort of TNBC tumors revealed poor radiation therapeutic efficacy in tumors expressing high COX2. Herein, we show that radiation combined with adjuvant NSAID (indomethacin) treatment provides a powerful combination to reduce both primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in aggressive 4T1 TNBC tumors, which occurs in part through increased antitumor immune response. Spatial immunological changes including augmented lymphoid infiltration into the tumor epithelium and locally increased cGAS/STING1 and type I IFN gene expression were observed in radiation-indomethacin-treated 4T1 tumors. Thus, radiation and adjuvant NSAID treatment shifts "immune desert phenotypes" toward antitumor M1/TH1 immune mediators in these immunologically challenging tumors. Importantly, radiation-indomethacin combination treatment improved local control of the primary lesion, reduced metastatic burden, and increased median survival when compared with radiation treatment alone. These results show that clinically available NSAIDs can improve radiation therapeutic efficacy through increased antitumor immune response and augmented local generation of cGAS/STING1 and type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Ys Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource (CPTR) Nanoscale Protein Analysis, OSTR, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adelaide L Wink
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - Abigail J Walke
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - Caleb Kim
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - William F Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Donna O Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew C Warner
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Milind Pore
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - Robert J Kinders
- Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Richard J Bryant
- Department of Urology, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Rittscher
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Big Data Institute, Ludwig Oxford Branch, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Tc Wong
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Jenny C Chang
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aliaa Shalaby
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Grace M Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen K Anderson
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, and
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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7
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Qiu W, Zhao L, Liu H, Xu P, Qian C. Hypoxia-induced NOS1 as a therapeutic target in hypercholesterolemia-related colorectal cancer. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:14. [PMID: 38755702 PMCID: PMC11100240 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that hypercholesterolemia increases the risk of atherosclerosis, especially because it reduces the availability of nitric oxide (NO). However, the relationship between hypercholesterolemia and NO in regulating colorectal cancer development and progression remains unknown. METHODS We conducted bioinformatics analysis, qRT-PCR, ChIP-qPCR assays, luciferase report assays, clonogenic survival assays, and multiple mouse models to investigate the function and mechanism of hypercholesterolemia in regulating NO signaling. Additionally, NOS inhibitors were used to evaluate the potential of therapeutic strategy in anti-tumor response. RESULTS Here, we show that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) cholesterol and its receptor LOX-1 are essential for hypercholesterolemia-induced colorectal tumorigenesis. Mechanically, the oxLDL promotes the oxidant stress-dependent induction of hypoxia signaling to transcriptionally up-regulate NO synthase (NOS) especially NOS1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. More importantly, our results suggested that selective inhibition of NOS1 with its specific inhibitor Nω-Propyl-L-arginine is a suitable therapeutic strategy for hypercholesterolemia-related CRC with both efficacy and toxicity reduction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings established that hypercholesterolemia induces the oxidant stress-dependent induction of hypoxia signaling to transcriptionally up-regulate NOS1 expression in CRC cells, and the clinically applicable NOS1 inhibitor Nω-Propyl-L-arginine represents an effective therapeutic strategy for hypercholesterolemia-related CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 200012, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, 200012, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 200012, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, 200012, China.
| | - Changlin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 200012, China.
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Saha P, Ettel P, Weichhart T. Leveraging macrophage metabolism for anticancer therapy: opportunities and pitfalls. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:335-349. [PMID: 38494408 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute an important part of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that regulates tumor progression. Tumor-derived signals, hypoxia, and competition for nutrients influence TAMs to reprogram their cellular metabolism. This altered metabolic profile creates a symbiotic communication between tumor and other immune cells to support tumor growth. In addition, the metabolic profile of TAMs regulates the expression of immune checkpoint molecules. The dynamic plasticity also allows TAMs to reshape their metabolism in response to modern therapeutic strategies. Therefore, over the years, a significant number of approaches have been implicated to reprogram cancer-promoting metabolism in TAMs. In this review, we discuss the current strategies and pitfalls, along with upcoming promising opportunities in leveraging TAM metabolism for developing better therapeutic approaches against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyal Saha
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Ettel
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Weichhart
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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O’Neill CE, Sun K, Sundararaman S, Chang JC, Glynn SA. The impact of nitric oxide on HER family post-translational modification and downstream signaling in cancer. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1358850. [PMID: 38601214 PMCID: PMC11004480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1358850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family consists of four members, activated by two families of ligands. They are known for mediating cell-cell interactions in organogenesis, and their deregulation has been associated with various cancers, including breast and esophageal cancers. In particular, aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 signaling drive disease progression and result in poorer patient outcomes. Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an alternative activator of the HER family and may play a role in this aberrant activation due to its ability to induce s-nitrosation and phosphorylation of the EGFR. This review discusses the potential impact of NO on HER family activation and downstream signaling, along with its role in the efficacy of therapeutics targeting the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara E. O’Neill
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kai Sun
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Jenny C. Chang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Guo X, Qu FX, Zhang JD, Zheng F, Xin Y, Wang R, Li JY, Li HY, Lu CH. Amygdalin and exercise training exert a synergistic effect in improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:360-374. [PMID: 37944128 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of amygdalin (AMY, a cyanogenic glycoside widely distributed in the fruits and seeds of Rosaceae plants) on cardiac performance and ventricular remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). We also investigated whether the combination of AMY with exercise training (ExT) has a beneficial synergistic effect in treating MI rats. MI was induced by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in male SD rats. ExT or AMY treatment was started 1 week after MI and continued for 1 week (short-term) or 8 weeks (long-term). Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters. Heart tissues were harvested and subjected to 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride, Masson's trichrome, hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemical staining. Gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot gave a qualitative assessment of protein levels. AMY or ExT improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size in MI rats. AMY or ExT also suppressed myocardial fibrosis and attenuated inflammation in the infarct border zone of hearts from MI rats, as evidenced by inhibition of collagen deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory markers (interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase 2). Notably, the effects of AMY combined with ExT were superior to those of AMY alone or ExT alone. Mechanistically, these beneficial functions were correlated with the inhibition of MI-induced activation of the transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway. Collectively, AMY and ExT exert a synergistic effect on improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis after MI, and the effects of long-term intervention were better than short-term intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Xia Qu
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa Zheng
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xin
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Li
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ying Li
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hong Lu
- Heart Center, Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao 266034, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yu C, Li X, Ma J, Liang S, Zhao Y, Li Q, Zhang R. Spatiotemporal modulation of nitric oxide and Notch signaling by hemodynamic-responsive Trpv4 is essential for ventricle regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:60. [PMID: 38279064 PMCID: PMC10817848 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Zebrafish have a remarkable ability to regenerate injured hearts. Altered hemodynamic forces after larval ventricle ablation activate the endocardial Klf2a-Notch signaling cascade to direct zebrafish cardiac regeneration. However, how the heart perceives blood flow changes and initiates signaling pathways promoting regeneration is not fully understood. The present study demonstrated that the mechanosensitive channel Trpv4 sensed the altered hemodynamic forces in injured hearts and its expression was regulated by blood flow. In addition to mediating the endocardial Klf2a-Notch signal cascade around the atrioventricular canal (AVC), we discovered that Trpv4 regulated nitric oxide (NO) signaling in the bulbus arteriosus (BA). Further experiments indicated that Notch signaling primarily acted at the early stage of regeneration, and the major role of NO signaling was at the late stage and through TGF-β pathway. Overall, our findings revealed that mechanosensitive channels perceived the changes in hemodynamics after ventricle injury, and provide novel insights into the temporal and spatial coordination of multiple signaling pathways regulating heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Yu
- TaiKang Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xueyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinmin Ma
- Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shuzhang Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- TaiKang Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qi Li
- TaiKang Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- TaiKang Medical School, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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12
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Ridnour LA, Heinz WF, Cheng RY, Wink AL, Kedei N, Pore M, Imtiaz F, Femino EL, Gonzalez AL, Coutinho L, Butcher D, Edmondson EF, Rangel MC, Kinders RJ, Lipkowitz S, Wong ST, Anderson SK, McVicar DW, Li X, Glynn SA, Billiar TR, Chang JC, Hewitt SM, Ambs S, Lockett SJ, Wink DA. NOS2 and COX2 Provide Key Spatial Targets that Determine Outcome in ER- Breast Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572859. [PMID: 38187532 PMCID: PMC10769386 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited therapeutic options. Upregulated expression of both inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX2) in breast tumors predicts poor clinical outcomes. Signaling molecules released by these enzymes activate oncogenic pathways, driving cancer stemness, metastasis, and immune suppression. The influence of tumor NOS2/COX2 expression on the landscape of immune markers using multiplex fluorescence imaging of 21 ER- breast tumors were stratified for survival. A powerful relationship between tumor NOS2/COX2 expression and distinct CD8+ T cell phenotypes was observed at 5 years post-diagnosis. These results were confirmed in a validation cohort using gene expression data showing that ratios of NOS2 to CD8 and COX2 to CD8 are strongly associated with poor outcomes in high NOS2/COX2-expressing tumors. Importantly, multiplex imaging identified distinct CD8+ T cell phenotypes relative to tumor NOS2/COX2 expression in Deceased vs Alive patient tumors at 5-year survival. CD8+NOS2-COX2- phenotypes defined fully inflamed tumors with significantly elevated CD8+ T cell infiltration in Alive tumors expressing low NOS2/COX2. In contrast, two distinct phenotypes including inflamed CD8+NOS2+COX2+ regions with stroma-restricted CD8+ T cells and CD8-NOS2-COX2+ immune desert regions with abated CD8+ T cell penetration, were significantly elevated in Deceased tumors with high NOS2/COX2 expression. These results were supported by applying an unsupervised nonlinear dimensionality-reduction technique, UMAP, correlating specific spatial CD8/NOS2/COX2 expression patterns with patient survival. Moreover, spatial analysis of the CD44v6 and EpCAM cancer stem cell (CSC) markers within the CD8/NOS2/COX2 expression landscape revealed positive correlations between EpCAM and inflamed stroma-restricted CD8+NOS2+COX2+ phenotypes at the tumor/stroma interface in deceased patients. Also, positive correlations between CD44v6 and COX2 were identified in immune desert regions in deceased patients. Furthermore, migrating tumor cells were shown to occur only in the CD8-NOS2+COX2+ regions, identifying a metastatic hot spot. Taken together, this study shows the strength of spatial localization analyses of the CD8/NOS2/COX2 landscape, how it shapes the tumor immune microenvironment and the selection of aggressive tumor phenotypes in distinct regions that lead to poor clinical outcomes. This technique could be beneficial for describing tumor niches with increased aggressiveness that may respond to clinically available NOS2/COX2 inhibitors or immune-modulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - William F Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Robert Ys Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Adelaide L Wink
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource (CPTR) Nanoscale Protein Analysis, OSTR, CCR, NCI, NIH
| | - Milind Pore
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
| | - Fatima Imtiaz
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Elise L Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Ana L Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Leandro Coutinho
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute
| | - M Cristina Rangel
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert J Kinders
- Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Frederick, MD
| | | | | | - Stephen K Anderson
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Danial W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
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13
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Ridnour LA, Cheng RYS, Heinz WF, Pore M, Gonzalez AL, Femino EL, Moffat R, Wink AL, Imtiaz F, Coutinho L, Butcher D, Edmondson EF, Rangel MC, Wong STC, Lipkowitz S, Glynn S, Vitek MP, McVicar DW, Li X, Anderson SK, Paolocci N, Hewitt SM, Ambs S, Billiar TR, Chang JC, Lockett SJ, Wink DA. Spatial analysis of NOS2 and COX2 interaction with T-effector cells reveals immunosuppressive landscapes associated with poor outcome in ER- breast cancer patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572867. [PMID: 38187660 PMCID: PMC10769421 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms exist in the tumor microenvironment that drive poor outcomes and decrease treatment efficacy. The co-expression of NOS2 and COX2 is a strong predictor of poor prognosis in ER- breast cancer and other malignancies. Together, they generate pro-oncogenic signals that drive metastasis, drug resistance, cancer stemness, and immune suppression. Using an ER- breast cancer patient cohort, we found that the spatial expression patterns of NOS2 and COX2 with CD3+CD8+PD1- T effector (Teff) cells formed a tumor immune landscape that correlated with poor outcome. NOS2 was primarily associated with the tumor-immune interface, whereas COX2 was associated with immune desert regions of the tumor lacking Teff cells. A higher ratio of NOS2 or COX2 to Teff was highly correlated with poor outcomes. Spatial analysis revealed that regional clustering of NOS2 and COX2 was associated with stromal-restricted Teff, while only COX2 was predominant in immune deserts. Examination of other immunosuppressive elements, such as PDL1/PD1, Treg, B7H4, and IDO1, revealed that PDL1/PD1, Treg, and IDO1 were primarily associated with restricted Teff, whereas B7H4 and COX2 were found in tumor immune deserts. Regardless of the survival outcome, other leukocytes, such as CD4 T cells and macrophages, were primarily in stromal lymphoid aggregates. Finally, in a 4T1 model, COX2 inhibition led to a massive cell infiltration, thus validating the hypothesis that COX2 is an essential component of the Teff exclusion process and, thus, tumor evasion. Our study indicates that NOS2/COX2 expression plays a central role in tumor immunosuppression. Our findings indicate that new strategies combining clinically available NOS2/COX2 inhibitors with various forms of immune therapy may open a new avenue for the treatment of aggressive ER-breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Robert Y S Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - William F Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Milind Pore
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
| | - Ana L Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Elise L Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Rebecca Moffat
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Adelaide L Wink
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Fatima Imtiaz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - Leandro Coutinho
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute
| | - M Cristina Rangel
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sharon Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Stephen K Anderson
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- Laboratory of Pathology CCR, NCI, NIH
| | | | - Stefan Ambs
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute
- Houston Methodist Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston TX
- Women's Malignancies Branch, CCR, NCI, NIH
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- (Mike Duke)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- Laboratory of Pathology CCR, NCI, NIH
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD
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14
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Liu L, Zhao WY, Zheng XY. ZNF746 promotes M2 macrophage polarisation and favours tumour progression in breast cancer via the Jagged1/Notch pathway. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110892. [PMID: 37730102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major threat to women's health. BC is a heterogeneous disease and treatment strategies and outcomes differ between subtypes. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of BC will help to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop new therapies. Here we report that zinc finger protein 746 (ZNF746), a Krüppel-associated box and zinc finger protein, exhibits tumour-promoting properties in BC. Functional experiments (cell growth, colony formation, cell cycle analysis, and transwell analysis) were used to evaluate the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of BC cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of ZNF746, CD163 (M2 macrophage marker), and HES1 (Notch target) in BC tissues. ZNF746 was highly expressed in BC tissues compared to adjacent paired non-tumour tissues. Patients with M1 BC had higher expression of ZNF746 compared to patients with non-metastatic (M0) BC, and higher expression of ZNF746 was associated with poorer overall survival. The immunohistochemical results showed a positive correlation between the expression of ZNF746 and the expression of CD163 or HES1. ZNF746 promoted BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased the expression of molecules essential for monocyte recruitment and differentiation (CCL2 and CSF1). Furthermore, THP-1 monocytes cultured in the conditioned medium derived from BC cells overexpressing ZNF746 exhibited enhanced M2 polarisation. In contrast, ZNF746 knockdown reduced BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppressed M2 polarisation. Mechanistically, ZNF746 promoted the activation of the Jagged1/Notch pathway, and the Jagged1 siRNA-mediated blockade of this pathway prevented the tumour-promoting functions of ZNF746. In conclusion, this study uncovers the role of ZNF746 in promoting M2 macrophage polarisation and suggests that ZNF746 may be a promising therapeutic target for limiting BC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-Yue Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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15
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Panneerselvan P, Vasanthakumar K, Muthuswamy K, Krishnan V, Subramaniam S. Insights on the functional dualism of nitric oxide in the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189001. [PMID: 37858621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous radical, governs a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, pro-inflammatory signalling, and vasodilation. The family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which comprises the constitutive forms, nNOS and eNOS, and the inducible form, iNOS, produces NO enzymatically. Additionally, NO can be generated non-enzymatically from the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The anti- and pro-oxidant properties of NO and its functional dualism in cancer is due to its highly reactive nature. Numerous malignancies have NOS expression, which interferes with the tumour microenvironment to modulate the tumour's growth in both favourable and unfavourable ways. NO regulates a number of mechanisms in the tumour microenvironment, including metabolism, cell cycle, DNA repair, angiogenesis, and apoptosis/necrosis, depending on its concentration and spatiotemporal profile. This review focuses on the bi-modal impact of nitric oxide on the alteration of a few cancer hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Panneerselvan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Keerthana Vasanthakumar
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Karthi Muthuswamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Vasanth Krishnan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Selvakumar Subramaniam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India.
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16
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Roy R, Wilcox J, Webb AJ, O’Gallagher K. Dysfunctional and Dysregulated Nitric Oxide Synthases in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15200. [PMID: 37894881 PMCID: PMC10607291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important and diverse signalling role in the cardiovascular system, contributing to the regulation of vascular tone, endothelial function, myocardial function, haemostasis, and thrombosis, amongst many other roles. NO is synthesised through the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent L-arginine-NO pathway, as well as the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The three isoforms of NOS, namely neuronal (NOS1), inducible (NOS2), and endothelial (NOS3), have different localisation and functions in the human body, and are consequently thought to have differing pathophysiological roles. Furthermore, as we continue to develop a deepened understanding of the different roles of NOS isoforms in disease, the possibility of therapeutically modulating NOS activity has emerged. Indeed, impaired (or dysfunctional), as well as overactive (or dysregulated) NOS activity are attractive therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. This review aims to describe recent advances in elucidating the physiological role of NOS isoforms within the cardiovascular system, as well as mechanisms of dysfunctional and dysregulated NOS in cardiovascular disease. We then discuss the modulation of NO and NOS activity as a target in the development of novel cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Roy
- Cardiovascular Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK;
| | - Joshua Wilcox
- Cardiovascular Department, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Andrew J. Webb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Kevin O’Gallagher
- Cardiovascular Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK;
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
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17
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Zhao Z, Shan X, Zhang H, Shi X, Huang P, Sun J, He Z, Luo C, Zhang S. Nitric oxide-driven nanotherapeutics for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2023; 362:151-169. [PMID: 37633361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule endowed with diverse biological functions, offering vast potential in the realm of cancer treatment. Considerable efforts have been dedicated to NO-based cancer therapy owing to its good biosafety and high antitumor activity, as well as its efficient synergistic therapy with other antitumor modalities. However, delivering this gaseous molecule effectively into tumor tissues poses a significant challenge. To this end, nano drug delivery systems (nano-DDSs) have emerged as promising platforms for in vivo efficient NO delivery, with remarkable achievements in recent years. This review aims to provide a summary of the emerging NO-driven antitumor nanotherapeutics. Firstly, the antitumor mechanism and related clinical trials of NO therapy are detailed. Secondly, the latest research developments in the stimulation of endogenous NO synthesis are presented, including the regulation of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and activation of endogenous NO precursors. Moreover, the emerging nanotherapeutics that rely on tumor-specific delivery of NO donors are outlined. Additionally, NO-driven combined nanotherapeutics for multimodal cancer theranostics are discussed. Finally, the future directions, application prospects, and challenges of NO-driven nanotherapeutics in clinical translation are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xinzhu Shan
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Shenwu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Koning T, Cordova F, Aguilar G, Sarmiento J, Mardones GA, Boric M, Varas-Godoy M, Lladser A, Duran WN, Ehrenfeld P, Sanchez FA. S-Nitrosylation in endothelial cells contributes to tumor cell adhesion and extravasation during breast cancer metastasis. Biol Res 2023; 56:51. [PMID: 37773178 PMCID: PMC10540418 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide is produced by different nitric oxide synthases isoforms. NO activates two signaling pathways, one dependent on soluble guanylate cyclase and protein kinase G, and other where NO post-translationally modifies proteins through S-nitrosylation, which is the modification induced by NO in free-thiol cysteines in proteins to form S-nitrosothiols. High levels of NO have been detected in blood of breast cancer patients and increased NOS activity has been detected in invasive breast tumors compared to benign or normal breast tissue, suggesting a positive correlation between NO biosynthesis, degree of malignancy and metastasis. During metastasis, the endothelium plays a key role allowing the adhesion of tumor cells, which is the first step in the extravasation process leading to metastasis. This step shares similarities with leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, and it is plausible that it may also share some regulatory elements. The vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressed on the endothelial cell surface promotes interactions between the endothelium and tumor cells, as well as leukocytes. Data show that breast tumor cells adhere to areas in the vasculature where NO production is increased, however, the mechanisms involved are unknown. RESULTS We report that the stimulation of endothelial cells with interleukin-8, and conditioned medium from breast tumor cells activates the S-nitrosylation pathway in the endothelium to induce leukocyte adhesion and tumor cell extravasation by a mechanism that involves an increased VCAM-1 cell surface expression in endothelial cells. We identified VCAM-1 as an S-nitrosylation target during this process. The inhibition of NO signaling and S-nitrosylation blocked the transmigration of tumor cells through endothelial monolayers. Using an in vivo model, the number of lung metastases was inhibited in the presence of the S-nitrosylation inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which was correlated with lower levels of S-nitrosylated VCAM-1 in the metastases. CONCLUSIONS S-Nitrosylation in the endothelium activates pathways that enhance VCAM-1 surface localization to promote binding of leukocytes and extravasation of tumor cells leading to metastasis. NAC is positioned as an important tool that might be tested as a co-therapy against breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Koning
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
- Escuela de Graduados de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
| | - F Cordova
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
| | - G Aguilar
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J Sarmiento
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
| | - G A Mardones
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia, Chile
| | - M Boric
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Varas-Godoy
- Cancer Cell Biology Lab., Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510157, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Lladser
- Centro Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - W N Duran
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - P Ehrenfeld
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile.
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile.
| | - F A Sanchez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, 511-0566, Valdivia, Chile.
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile.
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Merenzon MA, Hincapie Arias E, Bhatia S, Shah AH, Higgins DMO, Villaverde M, Belgorosky D, Eijan AM. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for gliomas: A systematic review. Nitric Oxide 2023; 138-139:10-16. [PMID: 37279819 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gliomas represent the most prevalent form of brain tumors, among which glioblastomas are the most malignant subtype. Despite advances in comprehending their biology and treatment strategies, median survival remains disappointingly low. Inflammatory processes involving nitric oxide (NO), critically contribute to glioma formation. The inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) is highly overexpressed in gliomas and has been linked to resistance against temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, neoplastic transformation, and modulation of immune response. While both in vitro and in vivo studies showed the potential of iNOS inhibitors as effective treatments for gliomas, no clinical trials on gliomas have been published. This review aims to summarize the available evidence regarding iNOS as a target for glioma treatment, focusing on clinically relevant data. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed/Medline, and Embase databases in May 2023. We included studies that investigated the impact of NOS inhibitors on glioma cells using L-NMMA, CM544, PBN, 1400W or l-NAME either alone or combined with TMZ. We extracted data on the NOS inhibitor used, subtype, study setting, animal model or cell lines employed, obtained results, and safety profile. Our inclusion criteria encompassed original articles in English or Spanish, studies with an untreated control group, and a primary outcome focused on the biological effects on glioma cells. RESULTS Out of 871 articles screened from the aforementioned databases, 37 reports were assessed for eligibility. After excluding studies that did not utilize glioma cells or address the designated outcome, 11 original articles satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Although no NOS inhibitor has been tested in a published clinical trial, three inhibitors have been evaluated using in vivo models of intracranial gliomas. l-NAME, 1400W, and CM544 were tested in vitro. Co-administration of l-NAME, or CM544 with TMZ showed superior results in vitro compared to individual agent testing. CONCLUSION Glioblastomas remain a challenging therapeutic target. iNOS inhibitors exhibit substantial potential as treatment options for oncologic lesions, and they have demonstrated a safe toxicity profile in humans for other pathological conditions. Research endeavors should be focused on investigating their potential effects on brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Merenzon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Lois Pope Life Center, 1095 NW 14th Terrace (D4-6), Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Elsa Hincapie Arias
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 5481 San Martín Av., C1417DTB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shovan Bhatia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Lois Pope Life Center, 1095 NW 14th Terrace (D4-6), Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Lois Pope Life Center, 1095 NW 14th Terrace (D4-6), Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Dominique M O Higgins
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina Medical Center, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Marcela Villaverde
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 5481 San Martín Av., C1417DTB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Denise Belgorosky
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 5481 San Martín Av., C1417DTB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana M Eijan
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 5481 San Martín Av., C1417DTB, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and H 2S in cancer cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108502. [PMID: 37517510 PMCID: PMC10529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three endogenously produced gases with important functions in the vasculature, immune defense, and inflammation. It is increasingly apparent that, far from working in isolation, these three exert many effects by modulating each other's activity. Each gas is produced by three enzymes, which have some tissue specificities and can also be non-enzymatically produced by redox reactions of various substrates. Both NO and CO share similar properties, such as activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. At the same time, H2S both inhibits phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), an enzyme that metabolizes sGC and exerts redox regulation on sGC. The role of NO, CO, and H2S in the setting of cancer has been quite perplexing, as there is evidence for both tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory effects and anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Each gasotransmitter has been found to have dual effects on different aspects of cancer biology, including cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. These seemingly contradictory actions may relate to each gas having a dual effect dependent on its local flux. In this review, we discuss the major roles of NO, CO, and H2S in the context of cancer, with an effort to highlight the dual nature of each gas in different events occurring during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
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21
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Li X, Ke Y, Hernandez AL, Yu J, Bian L, Hall SC, Nolan K, Wang JH, Young CD, Wang XJ. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-activated Cxcr2 signaling in myeloid cells promotes TGFβ-dependent squamous cell carcinoma lung metastasis. Cancer Lett 2023; 570:216330. [PMID: 37524225 PMCID: PMC10530117 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) activity is linked to metastasis in many cancer types, but whether TGFβ activity is necessary for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lung metastasis has not been studied. Here we used a lung metastatic SCC model derived from keratin 15 (K15). KrasG12D.Smad4-/- SCC and human SCC specimens to identify metastasis drivers and test therapeutic interventions. We demonstrated that a TGFβ receptor (TGFβR) inhibitor reduced lung metastasis in mouse SCC correlating with reduced CD11b+/Ly6G+ myeloid cells positive for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Further, TGFβ activity and iNOS were higher in primary human oral SCCs with metastasis than SCCs without metastasis. Consistently, either depleting myeloid cells with anti-Gr1 antibody or inhibiting iNOS with L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-l-lysine (L-NIL) reduced SCC lung metastasis. L-NIL treated tumor-bearing mice exhibited reductions in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and in plasma Cxcl5 levels, and attenuated primary tumor growth with increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Blocking Cxcl5 with an antagonist of its receptor Cxcr2, SB225002, also reduced SCC lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Yao Ke
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ariel L Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Spencer C Hall
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kyle Nolan
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jing H Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Christian D Young
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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22
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Xiao Y, Yu TJ, Xu Y, Ding R, Wang YP, Jiang YZ, Shao ZM. Emerging therapies in cancer metabolism. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1283-1303. [PMID: 37557070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is not only a biological hallmark but also reveals treatment vulnerabilities. Numerous metabolic molecules have shown promise as treatment targets to impede tumor progression in preclinical studies, with some advancing to clinical trials. However, the intricacy and adaptability of metabolic networks hinder the effectiveness of metabolic therapies. This review summarizes the metabolic targets for cancer treatment and provides an overview of the current status of clinical trials targeting cancer metabolism. Additionally, we decipher crucial factors that limit the efficacy of metabolism-based therapies and propose future directions. With advances in integrating multi-omics, single-cell, and spatial technologies, as well as the ability to track metabolic adaptation more precisely and dynamically, clinicians can personalize metabolic therapies for improved cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tian-Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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23
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Kannampuzha S, Gopalakrishnan AV. Cancer chemoresistance and its mechanisms: Associated molecular factors and its regulatory role. Med Oncol 2023; 40:264. [PMID: 37550533 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy has advanced from tradition chemotherapy methods to targeted therapy, novel drug delivery mechanisms, combination therapies etc. Although several novel chemotherapy strategies have been introduced, chemoresistance still remains as one of the major barriers in cancer treatments. Chemoresistance can lead to relapse and hinder the development of improved clinical results for cancer patients, and this continues to be the major hurdle in cancer therapy. Anticancer drugs acquire chemoresistance through different mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial to overcome and increase the efficiency of the cancer therapies that are employed. The potential molecular pathways behind chemoresistance include tumor heterogeneity, elevated drug efflux, multidrug resistance, interconnected signaling pathways, and other factors. To surpass this limitation, new clinical tactics are to be introduced. This review aims to compile the most recent information on the molecular pathways that regulate chemoresistance in cancers, which will aid in development of new therapeutic targets and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kannampuzha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Srivastava N, Usmani SS, Subbarayan R, Saini R, Pandey PK. Hypoxia: syndicating triple negative breast cancer against various therapeutic regimens. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1199105. [PMID: 37492478 PMCID: PMC10363988 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1199105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the deadliest subtypes of breast cancer (BC) for its high aggressiveness, heterogeneity, and hypoxic nature. Based on biological and clinical observations the TNBC related mortality is very high worldwide. Emerging studies have clearly demonstrated that hypoxia regulates the critical metabolic, developmental, and survival pathways in TNBC, which include glycolysis and angiogenesis. Alterations to these pathways accelerate the cancer stem cells (CSCs) enrichment and immune escape, which further lead to tumor invasion, migration, and metastasis. Beside this, hypoxia also manipulates the epigenetic plasticity and DNA damage response (DDR) to syndicate TNBC survival and its progression. Hypoxia fundamentally creates the low oxygen condition responsible for the alteration in Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) signaling within the tumor microenvironment, allowing tumors to survive and making them resistant to various therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for society to establish target-based therapies that overcome the resistance and limitations of the current treatment plan for TNBC. In this review article, we have thoroughly discussed the plausible significance of HIF-1α as a target in various therapeutic regimens such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, adjuvant therapy photodynamic therapy, adoptive cell therapy, combination therapies, antibody drug conjugates and cancer vaccines. Further, we also reviewed here the intrinsic mechanism and existing issues in targeting HIF-1α while improvising the current therapeutic strategies. This review highlights and discusses the future perspectives and the major alternatives to overcome TNBC resistance by targeting hypoxia-induced signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityanand Srivastava
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Salman Sadullah Usmani
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Rajasekaran Subbarayan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Research, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Educations, Chennai, India
| | - Rashmi Saini
- Department of Zoology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranav Kumar Pandey
- Dr. R.P. Centre for Opthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Mauchauffée E, Leroy J, Chamcham J, Ejjoummany A, Maurel M, Nauton L, Ramassamy B, Mezghenna K, Boucher JL, Lajoix AD, Hernandez JF. S-Ethyl-Isothiocitrullin-Based Dipeptides and 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Pseudo-Dipeptides: Solid Phase Synthesis and Evaluation as NO Synthase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5085. [PMID: 37446746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported dipeptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors of neuronal and/or inducible NO synthases (n/iNOS) with significant selectivity against endothelial NOS (eNOS). They were composed of an S-ethylisothiocitrullin-like moiety linked to an extension through a peptide bond or a 1,2,4-oxadiazole link. Here, we developed two further series where the extension size was increased to establish more favorable interactions in the NOS substrate access channel. The extension was introduced on the solid phase by the reductive alkylation of an amino-piperidine moiety or an aminoethyl segment in the case of dipeptide-like and 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds, respectively, with various benzaldehydes. Compared to the previous series, more potent inhibitors were identified with IC50 in the micromolar to the submicromolar range, with significant selectivity toward nNOS. As expected, most compounds did not inhibit eNOS, and molecular modeling was carried out to characterize the reasons for the selectivity toward nNOS over eNOS. Spectral studies showed that compounds were interacting at the heme active site. Finally, selected inhibitors were found to inhibit intra-cellular iNOS and nNOS expressed in RAW264.7 and INS-1 cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Mauchauffée
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jihanne Chamcham
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelaziz Ejjoummany
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Manon Maurel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Nauton
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, 63178 Aubière, France
| | - Booma Ramassamy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Hernandez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Hassan AHE, Kim HJ, Jung SJ, Jang SY, El-Sayed SM, Lee KT, Lee YS. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of new anti-inflammatory natural products amide derivatives endowed with anti-blood cancer activity towards development of potential multifunctional agents against hematological cancers. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115566. [PMID: 37354740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
New amide derivatives of the natural product 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavanone were designed as multifunctional antiproliferative molecules against blood cancer and the associated inflammatory conditions. The targeted compounds were synthesized efficiently in three linear steps employing known chalcone starting materials. Compounds 2h, 2i, 2l, 2t, 2v and 2x having bromo or nitro substituted-phenyl rings elicited potential inhibitory effects on macrophages production of nitric oxide, PGE2 and TNF-α which are proinflammatory mediators involved in tumorigenesis and progression of blood cancer. Additionally, evaluation of direct inhibitory effects on the growth of diverse blood cancers including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma cell lines unveiled compound 2v as the most potential molecules eliciting at least five-folds the potency of the standard imatinib drug over the used diverse blood cancers. Furthermore, compound 2v showed good selectivity to blood cancer cells rather than normal MRC5 cells. Moreover, compound 2v triggered death of HL60 leukemia cells via apoptosis induction. In conclusion, the natural product-derived compound 2v might serve as a multifunctional lead compound for further development of agents for treatment of blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Jung
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yun Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Selwan M El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Wang G, Yao Y, Huang H, Zhou J, Ni C. Multiomics technologies for comprehensive tumor microenvironment analysis in triple-negative breast cancer under neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1131259. [PMID: 37284197 PMCID: PMC10239824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1131259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive breast cancer subtypes and is characterized by abundant infiltrating immune cells within the microenvironment. As standard care, chemotherapy remains the fundamental neoadjuvant treatment in TNBC, and there is increasing evidence that supplementation with immune checkpoint inhibitors may potentiate the therapeutic efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, 20-60% of TNBC patients still have residual tumor burden after NAC and require additional chemotherapy; therefore, it is critical to understand the dynamic change in the tumor microenvironment (TME) during treatment to help improve the rate of complete pathological response and long-term prognosis. Traditional methods, including immunohistochemistry, bulk tumor sequencing, and flow cytometry, have been applied to elucidate the TME of breast cancer, but the low resolution and throughput may overlook key information. With the development of diverse high-throughput technologies, recent reports have provided new insights into TME alterations during NAC in four fields, including tissue imaging, cytometry, next-generation sequencing, and spatial omics. In this review, we discuss the traditional methods and the latest advances in high-throughput techniques to decipher the TME of TNBC and the prospect of translating these techniques to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Reddy TP, Glynn SA, Billiar TR, Wink DA, Chang JC. Targeting Nitric Oxide: Say NO to Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1855-1868. [PMID: 36520504 PMCID: PMC10183809 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing targeted therapies capable of reducing cancer metastasis, targeting chemoresistant and self-renewing cancer stem cells, and augmenting the efficacy of systemic chemo/radiotherapies is vital to minimize cancer-associated mortality. Targeting nitric oxide synthase (NOS), a protein within the tumor microenvironment, has gained interest as a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce metastatic capacity and augment the efficacy of chemo/radiotherapies in various solid malignancies. Our review highlights the influence of nitric oxide (NO) in tumor progression and cancer metastasis, as well as promising preclinical studies that evaluated NOS inhibitors as anticancer therapies. Lastly, we highlight the prospects and outstanding challenges of using NOS inhibitors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini P. Reddy
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Prostate Cancer Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A. Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Jenny C. Chang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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29
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Cheng RYS, Ridnour LA, Wink AL, Gonzalez AL, Femino EL, Rittscher H, Somasundaram V, Heinz WF, Coutinho L, Rangel MC, Edmondson EF, Butcher D, Kinders RJ, Li X, Wong STC, McVicar DW, Anderson SK, Pore M, Hewitt SM, Billiar TR, Glynn SA, Chang JC, Lockett SJ, Ambs S, Wink DA. Interferon-gamma is quintessential for NOS2 and COX2 expression in ER - breast tumors that lead to poor outcome. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:319. [PMID: 37169743 PMCID: PMC10175544 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A strong correlation between NOS2 and COX2 tumor expression and poor clinical outcomes in ER breast cancer has been established. However, the mechanisms of tumor induction of these enzymes are unclear. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed correlations between NOS2 and COX2 expression and Th1 cytokines. Herein, single-cell RNAseq analysis of TNBC cells shows potent NOS2 and COX2 induction by IFNγ combined with IL1β or TNFα. Given that IFNγ is secreted by cytolytic lymphocytes, which improve clinical outcomes, this role of IFNγ presents a dichotomy. To explore this conundrum, tumor NOS2, COX2, and CD8+ T cells were spatially analyzed in aggressive ER-, TNBC, and HER2 + breast tumors. High expression and clustering of NOS2-expressing tumor cells occurred at the tumor/stroma interface in the presence of stroma-restricted CD8+ T cells. High expression and clustering of COX2-expressing tumor cells extended into immune desert regions in the tumor core where CD8+ T cell penetration was limited or absent. Moreover, high NOS2-expressing tumor cells were proximal to areas with increased satellitosis, suggestive of cell clusters with a higher metastatic potential. Further in vitro experiments revealed that IFNγ + IL1β/TNFα increased the elongation and migration of treated tumor cells. This spatial analysis of the tumor microenvironment provides important insight into distinct neighborhoods where stroma-restricted CD8+ T cells exist proximal to NOS2-expressing tumor niches that could have increased metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Y S Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Adelaide L Wink
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ana L Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elise L Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Helene Rittscher
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Veena Somasundaram
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - William F Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Leandro Coutinho
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Cristina Rangel
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Robert J Kinders
- Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephen T C Wong
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Department, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Stephen K Anderson
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Milind Pore
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
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30
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Cheng RY, Ridnour LA, Wink AL, Gonzalez AL, Femino EL, Rittscher H, Somasundarum V, Heinz WF, Coutinho L, Cristina Rangel M, Edmondson EF, Butcher D, Kinders RJ, Li X, Wong STC, McVicar DW, Anderson SK, Pore M, Hewitt SM, Billiar TR, Glynn S, Chang JC, Lockett SJ, Ambs S, Wink DA. Interferon-gamma is Quintessential for NOS2 and COX2 Expression in ER - Breast Tumors that Lead to Poor Outcome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.06.535916. [PMID: 37066331 PMCID: PMC10104135 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.06.535916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
A strong correlation between NOS2 and COX2 tumor expression and poor clinical outcomes in ER-breast cancer has been established. However, mechanisms of tumor induction of these enzymes are unclear. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed correlations between NOS2 and COX2 expression and Th1 cytokines. Herein, single cell RNAseq analysis of TNBC cells shows potent NOS2 and COX2 induction by IFNγ combined with IL1β or TNFα. Given that IFNγ is secreted by cytolytic lymphocytes, which improve clinical outcomes, this role of IFNγpresents a dichotomy. To explore this conundrum, tumor NOS2, COX2, and CD8 + T cells were spatially analyzed in aggressive ER-, TNBC, and HER2+ breast tumors. High expression and clustering of NOS2-expressing tumor cells occurred at the tumor/stroma interface in the presence of stroma-restricted CD8 + T cells. High expression and clustering of COX2-expressing tumor cells extended into immune desert regions in the tumor core where CD8 + T cell penetration was limited or absent. Moreover, high NOS2-expressing tumor cells were proximal to areas with increased satellitosis suggestive of cell clusters with a higher metastatic potential. Further in vitro experiments revealed that IFNγ+IL1β/TNFα increased elongation and migration of treated tumor cells. This spatial analysis of the tumor microenvironment provides important insight of distinct neighborhoods where stroma-restricted CD8 + T cells exist proximal to NOS2-expressing tumor niches that could have increased metastatic potential.
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31
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Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor recurrence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:113-142. [PMID: 36640224 PMCID: PMC9840433 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of primary tumor cells in distant organs, termed metastasis, is the principal cause of cancer mortality and is a crucial therapeutic target in oncology. Thus, it is critical to establish a better understanding of metastatic progression for the future development of improved therapeutic approaches. Indeed, such development requires insight into the timing of tumor cell dissemination and seeding of distant organs resulting in occult lesions. Following dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor, they can reside in niches in distant organs for years or decades, following which they can emerge as an overt metastasis. This timeline of metastatic dormancy is regulated by interactions between the tumor, its microenvironment, angiogenesis, and tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses. An improved understanding of the mechanisms and interactions responsible for immune evasion and tumor cell release from dormancy would help identify and aid in the development of novel targeted therapeutics. One such mediator of dormancy is myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), whose number in the peripheral blood (PB) or infiltrating tumors has been associated with cancer stage, grade, patient survival, and metastasis in a broad range of tumor pathologies. Thus, extensive studies have revealed a role for MDSCs in tumor escape from adoptive and innate immune responses, facilitating tumor progression and metastasis; however, few studies have considered their role in dormancy. We have posited that MDSCs may regulate disseminated tumor cells resulting in resurgence of senescent tumor cells. In this review, we discuss clinical studies that address mechanisms of tumor recurrence including from dormancy, the role of MDSCs in their escape from dormancy during recurrence, the development of occult metastases, and the potential for MDSC inhibition as an approach to prolong the survival of patients with advanced malignancies. We stress that assessing the impact of therapies on MDSCs versus other cellular targets is challenging within the multimodality interventions required clinically.
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32
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Tang Z, Gu Y, Shi Z, Min L, Zhang Z, Zhou P, Luo R, Wang Y, Cui Y, Sun Y, Wang X. Multiplex immune profiling reveals the role of serum immune proteomics in predicting response to preoperative chemotherapy of gastric cancer. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100931. [PMID: 36724786 PMCID: PMC9975277 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Responses toward preoperative chemotherapy are heterogeneous in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Existing studies in the field focus heavily on the tumor microenvironment (TME), whereas little is known about the relationship between systemic immunity and chemotherapy response. In this study, we collect serum samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma before, on, and after preoperative chemotherapy and study their immune proteomics using an antibody-based proteomics panel. We also collect surgically resected tumor samples and incorporate multiple methods to assess their TME. We find that both local and systemic immune features are associated with treatment response. Preoperative chemotherapy induces a sophisticated systemic immune response indicated by dynamic serum immune proteomics. A pretreatment serum protein scoring system is established for response prediction. Together, these findings highlight the fundamental but largely underestimated role of systemic immunity in the treatment of gastric cancer, suggesting a patient stratification strategy based on pretreatment serum immune proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhongyi Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingqiang Min
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongkui Luo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuehong Cui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Gastric Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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33
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Carrión MD, Rubio-Ruiz B, Franco-Montalban F, Amoia P, Zuccarini MC, De Simone C, Camacho ME, Amoroso R, Maccallini C. New amidine-benzenesulfonamides as iNOS inhibitors for the therapy of the triple negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 248:115112. [PMID: 36641860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific breast cancer subtype, and poor prognosis is associated to this tumour when it is in the metastatic form. The overexpression of the inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) is considered a predictor of poor outcome in TNBC patients, and this enzyme is reported as a valuable molecular target to compromise TNBC progression. In this work, new amidines containing a benzenesulfonamide group were designed and synthesized as selective iNOS inhibitors. An in vitro biological evaluation was performed to assess compounds activity against both the inducible and constitutive NOSs. The most interesting compounds 1b and 2b were evaluated on MDA-MB-231 cells as antiproliferative agents, and 1b capability to counteract cell migration was also studied. Finally, an in-depth docking study was performed to shed light on the observed potency and selectivity of action of the most promising compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dora Carrión
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avda. Ilustración 114, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Franco-Montalban
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pasquale Amoia
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Chiara De Simone
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Encarnación Camacho
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Cheng G, Karoui H, Hardy M, Kalyanaraman B. Polyphenolic Boronates Inhibit Tumor Cell Proliferation: Potential Mitigators of Oxidants in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041089. [PMID: 36831432 PMCID: PMC9953882 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Boronate-based compounds have been used in brain cancer therapy, either as prodrugs or in combination with other modalities. Boronates containing pro-luminescent and fluorescent probes have been used in mouse models of cancer. In this study, we synthesized and developed polyphenolic boronates and mitochondria-targeted polyphenolic phytochemicals (e.g., magnolol [MGN] and honokiol [HNK]) and tested their antiproliferative effects in brain cancer cells. Results show that mitochondria-targeted (Mito) polyphenolic boronates (Mito-MGN-B and Mito-HNK-B) were slightly more potent than Mito-MGN and Mito-HNK in inhibiting proliferation of the U87MG cell line. Similar proliferation results also were observed in other cancer cell lines, such as MiaPaCa-2, A549 and UACC-62. Independent in vitro experiments indicated that reactive nitrogen species (e.g., peroxynitrite) and reactive oxygen species (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) stoichiometrically react with polyphenolic boronates and Mito-polphenolic boronates, forming polyphenols and Mito-polyphenols as major products. Previous reports suggest that both Mito-MGN and Mito-HNK activate cytotoxic T cells and inhibit immunosuppressive immune cells. We propose that Mito-polyphenolic boronate-based prodrugs may be used to inhibit tumor proliferation and mitigate oxidant formation in the tumor microenvironment, thereby generating Mito-polyphenols in situ, as well as showing activity in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Hakim Karoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence:
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Stehle D, Barresi M, Schulz J, Feil R. Heterogeneity of cGMP signalling in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment: Challenges and chances for cancer pharmacology and therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108337. [PMID: 36623589 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an important regulator of human (patho-)physiology and has emerged as an attractive drug target. Currently, cGMP-elevating drugs are mainly used to treat cardiovascular diseases, but there is also increasing interest in exploring their potential for cancer prevention and therapy. In this review article, we summarise recent findings in cancer-related cGMP research, with a focus on melanoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, glioma, and ovarian cancer. These studies indicate tremendous heterogeneity of cGMP signalling in tumour tissue. It appears that different tumour and stroma cells, and perhaps different sexes, express different cGMP generators, effectors, and degraders. Therefore, the same cGMP-elevating drug can lead to different outcomes in different tumour settings, ranging from inhibition to promotion of tumourigenesis or therapy resistance. These findings, together with recent evidence that increased cGMP signalling is associated with worse prognosis in several human cancers, challenge the traditional view that cGMP elevation generally has an anti-cancer effect. As cGMP pathways appear to be more stable in the stroma than in tumour cells, we suggest that cGMP-modulating drugs should preferentially target the tumour microenvironment. Indeed, there is evidence that phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors like sildenafil enhance anti-tumour immunity by acting on immune cells. Moreover, many in vivo results obtained with cGMP-modulating drugs could be explained by effects on the tumour vasculature rather than on the tumour cells themselves. We therefore propose a model that incorporates the NO/cGMP signalling pathway in tumour vessels as a key target for cancer therapy. Deciphering the multifaceted roles of cGMP in cancer is not only a challenge for basic research, but also provides a chance to predict potential adverse effects of cGMP-modulating drugs in cancer patients and to develop novel anti-tumour therapies by precision targeting of the relevant cells and molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stehle
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mariagiovanna Barresi
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schulz
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (IFIB), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Valenza C, Rizzo G, Passalacqua MI, Boldrini L, Corti C, Trapani D, Curigliano G. Evolving treatment landscape of immunotherapy in breast cancer: current issues and future perspectives. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359221146129. [PMID: 36743524 PMCID: PMC9893403 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221146129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) deeply changed the treatment landscape of breast cancer (BC). In particular, anti-programmed-death (ligand) 1 antibodies were approved for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), both in first line for metastatic disease and in neoadjuvant setting, on the basis of a demonstrated improvement of the survival outcomes. In light of these results, current clinical trials aim at improving this benefit investigating novel combinations and strategies, at exploring the role of ICIs beyond TNBC, and at better selecting the patients in order to spare non-responders from avoidable toxicities. This narrative review aims at summarizing and discussing the evolving landscape of immunotherapeutic treatments for BC, highlighting the current challenges and the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Valenza
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano
| | - Graziella Rizzo
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy,Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, Medical Oncology Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Ilenia Passalacqua
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy,Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, Medical Oncology Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Boldrini
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano
| | - Dario Trapani
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milano, Italy,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano
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Collery P, Desmaële D, Harikrishnan A, Veena V. Remarkable Effects of a Rhenium(I)-diselenoether Drug on the Production of Cathepsins B and S by Macrophages and their Polarizations. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2396-2407. [PMID: 37859327 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128268963231013074433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) produce an excessive amount of cysteine proteases, and we aimed to study the effects of anticancer rhenium(I)-diselenoether (Re-diSe) on the production of cathepsins B and S by macrophages. We investigated the effect of Re-diSe on lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced M1 macrophages, or by interleukin 6 (IL-6) induced M2 macrophages. METHODS Non-stimulated or prestimulated murine Raw 264 or human THP-1 macrophages were exposed to increasing concentrations of the drug (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μM) and viability was assayed by the MTT assay. The amount of cysteine proteases was evaluated by ELISA tests, the number of M1 and M2 macrophages by the expression of CD80 or CD206 biomarkers. The binding of Re-diSe with GSH as a model thiol-containing protein was studied by mass spectrometry. RESULTS A dose-dependent decrease in cathepsins B and S was observed in M1 macrophages. There was no effect in non-stimulated cells. The drug induced a dramatic dose-dependent increase in M1 expression in both cells, significantly decreased the M2 expression in Raw 264 and had no effect in non-stimulated macrophages. The binding of the Re atom with the thiols was clearly demonstrated. CONCLUSION The increase in the number of M1 and a decrease in M2 macrophages treated by Re-diSe could be related to the decrease in cysteine proteases upon binding of their thiol residues with the Re atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collery
- Society for the Coordination of Therapeutic Researches, 20220 Algajola, France
| | - Didier Desmaële
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Galien, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Science, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation- AV Campus, Chennai 560064, India
| | - Vijay Veena
- School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore 560066, India
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Somasundaram V, Ridnour LA, Cheng RY, Walke AJ, Kedei N, Bhattacharyya DD, Wink AL, Edmondson EF, Butcher D, Warner AC, Dorsey TH, Scheiblin DA, Heinz W, Bryant RJ, Kinders RJ, Lipkowitz S, Wong ST, Pore M, Hewitt SM, McVicar DW, Anderson SK, Chang J, Glynn SA, Ambs S, Lockett SJ, Wink DA. Systemic Nos2 Depletion and Cox inhibition limits TNBC disease progression and alters lymphoid cell spatial orientation and density. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102529. [PMID: 36375380 PMCID: PMC9661390 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor immune polarization is a key predictor of clinical outcomes to cancer therapy. An emerging concept influencing clinical outcome involves the spatial location of CD8+ T cells, within the tumor. Our earlier work demonstrated immunosuppressive effects of NOS2 and COX2 tumor expression. Here, we show that NOS2/COX2 levels influence both the polarization and spatial location of lymphoid cells including CD8+ T cells. Importantly, elevated tumor NOS2/COX2 correlated with exclusion of CD8+ T cells from the tumor epithelium. In contrast, tumors expressing low NOS2/COX2 had increased CD8+ T cell penetration into the tumor epithelium. Consistent with a causative relationship between these observations, pharmacological inhibition of COX2 with indomethacin dramatically reduced tumor growth of the 4T1 model of TNBC in both WT and Nos2- mice. This regimen led to complete tumor regression in ∼20-25% of tumor-bearing Nos2- mice, and these animals were resistant to tumor rechallenge. Th1 cytokines were elevated in the blood of treated mice and intratumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were higher in mice that received indomethacin when compared to control untreated mice. Multiplex immunofluorescence imaging confirmed our phenotyping results and demonstrated that targeted Nos2/Cox2 blockade improved CD8+ T cell penetration into the 4T1 tumor core. These findings are consistent with our observations in low NOS2/COX2 expressing breast tumors proving that COX2 activity is responsible for limiting the spatial distribution of effector T cells in TNBC. Together these results suggest that clinically available NSAID's may provide a cost-effective, novel immunotherapeutic approach for treatment of aggressive tumors including triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Somasundaram
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Robert Ys Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Abigail J Walke
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Noemi Kedei
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource Nanoscale Protein Analysis, Office of Science Technology Resources, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dibyangana D Bhattacharyya
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Adelaide L Wink
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elijah F Edmondson
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Donna Butcher
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Andrew C Warner
- Molecular Histopathology Laboratories, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Scheiblin
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - William Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Richard J Bryant
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert J Kinders
- Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Stephen Tc Wong
- Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Milind Pore
- Imaging Mass Cytometry Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, USA
| | | | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Stephen K Anderson
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jenny Chang
- Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. for the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
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Wu Y, Yi M, Niu M, Mei Q, Wu K. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging target for anticancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:184. [PMID: 36163047 PMCID: PMC9513992 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Flavonoids regulate tumor-associated macrophages - From structure-activity relationship to clinical potential (Review). Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106419. [PMID: 36041653 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the strategy for tumor therapy has changed from focusing on the direct killing effect of different types of therapeutic agents on cancer cells to the new mainstream of multi-mode and -pathway combined interventions in the microenvironment of the developing tumor. Flavonoids, with unique tricyclic structures, have diverse and extensive immunomodulatory and anti-cancer activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immunosuppressive cells in the TME. The regulation of macrophages to fight cancer is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. This study covers the most comprehensive cognition of flavonoids in regulating TAMs so far. Far more than a simple list of studies, we try to dig out evidence of crosstalk at the molecular level between flavonoids and TAMs from literature, in order to discuss the most relevant chemical structure and its possible relationship with the multimodal pharmacological activity, as well as systematically build a structure-activity relationship between flavonoids and TAMs. Additionally, we point out the advantages of the macro-control of flavonoids in the TME and discuss the potential clinical implications as well as areas for future research of flavonoids in regulating TAMs. These results will provide hopeful directions for the research of antitumor drugs, while providing new ideas for the pharmaceutical industry to develop more effective forms of flavonoids.
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42
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Xu Y, Zhang L, Thaiparambil J, Mai S, Perera DN, Zhang J, Pan PY, Coarfa C, Ramos K, Chen SH, El-Zein R. Patients with Lung Cancer of Different Racial Backgrounds Harbor Distinct Immune Cell Profiles. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:884-893. [PMID: 36923308 PMCID: PMC10010305 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumors accumulated with infiltrated immune cells (hot tumors) have a higher response rate to immune checkpoint blockade, when compared with those with minimal T-cell infiltration (cold tumors). We report here that patients with lung cancer with different racial backgrounds harbored distinct immune cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment. Compared with African Americans (AA), Caucasian Americans (CA) exhibited increased immune cell infiltration and vasculature, and increased survival. Changes of survival and immune profile were most pronounced among active smokers and nonsmokers, compared with former smokers and total patients. Neighborhood analysis showed that immune cells accumulated around cancer cells in CAs but not AAs. Our findings reveal intrinsic biological differences between AA and CA patients with lung cancer, suggesting that treatment plans should be tailored for patients with different racial backgrounds. Significance We report biological racial differences among patients with lung cancer where Caucasians present a hot tumor microenvironment compared with cold tumor in AAs. Treatment plans should be customized to maximize therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Xu
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Immune Monitoring core, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Immune Monitoring core, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Sunny Mai
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Dimuthu Nuwan Perera
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jilu Zhang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Immune Monitoring core, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kenneth Ramos
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Immune Monitoring core, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Randa El-Zein
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
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43
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Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E. Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease. Cell 2022; 185:2853-2878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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44
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Burke AJ, McAuliffe JD, Natoni A, Ridge S, Sullivan FJ, Glynn SA. Chronic nitric oxide exposure induces prostate cell carcinogenesis, involving genetic instability and a pro-tumorigenic secretory phenotype. Nitric Oxide 2022; 127:44-53. [PMID: 35872082 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in men. Inflammation and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) have been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. We aimed to explore the hypothesis that nitric oxide NO exerts pro-tumorigenic effects on prostate cells at physiologically relevant levels contributing to carcinogenesis. We investigated the impact of acute exposure of normal immortalised prostate cells (RWPE-1) to NO on cell proliferation and activation of DNA damage repair pathways. Furthermore we investigated the long term effects of chronic NO exposure on RWPE-1 cell migration and invasion potential and hallmarks of transformation. Our results demonstrate that NO induces DNA damage as indicated by γH2AX foci and p53 activation resulting in a G1/S phase block and activation of 53BP1 DNA damage repair protein. Long term adaption to NO results in increased migration and invasion potential, acquisition of anchorage independent growth and increased resistance to chemotherapy. This was recapitulated in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells which upon chronic exposure to NO displayed increased cell migration, colony formation and increased resistance to chemotherapeutics. These findings indicate that NO may play a key role in the development of prostate cancer and the acquisition of an aggressive metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Burke
- Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Jake D McAuliffe
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Alessandro Natoni
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Ridge
- Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Francis J Sullivan
- Prostate Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sharon A Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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45
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Giugliano F, Valenza C, Tarantino P, Curigliano G. Immunotherapy for triple negative breast cancer: How can pathologic responses to experimental drugs in early-stage disease be enhanced? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:855-874. [PMID: 35762248 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2095260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The treatment landscape of early triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has recently expanded after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of pembrolizumab in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The addition of this immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has shown to significantly increased pathological complete response (pCR) rate and event free survival (EFS) in the KEYNOTE-522 phase 3 trial. Several additional studies are ongoing with the goal of further improving outcomes and achieving an optimal integration of ICIs in the treatment of TNBC. AREAS COVERED : The article examines pCR and survival rates in TNBC. It appraises clinical trials investigating neoadjuvant ICIs for TNBC and the improvement of pCR rates (biomarker-driven escalation of treatment, optimization of chemotherapy backbone and addition of locoregional treatments or innovative agents). Insights on the role of pCR as surrogate endpoint and the possibility of enhancing pCR rates for women affected by early TNBC are offered. EXPERT OPINION : The pharmacopoeia of early TNBC is growing and becoming more heterogeneous with the advent of ICIs; to enhance the clinical benefit of patients, it is necessary to develop response endpoints that consider the mechanism of action of experimental drugs, to optimize patient selection through validated biomarkers, and to compare the most promising treatment strategies in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giugliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmine Valenza
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Breast Oncology Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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46
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Busà R, Bulati M, Badami E, Zito G, Maresca DC, Conaldi PG, Ercolano G, Ianaro A. Tissue-Resident Innate Immune Cell-Based Therapy: A Cornerstone of Immunotherapy Strategies for Cancer Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:907572. [PMID: 35757002 PMCID: PMC9221069 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.907572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has led to impressive advances in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, in a high percentage of patients is difficult to consistently restore immune responses to eradicate established tumors. It is well accepted that adaptive immune cells, such as B lymphocytes, CD4+ helper T lymphocytes, and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), are the most effective cells able to eliminate tumors. However, it has been recently reported that innate immune cells, including natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DC), macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), represent important contributors to modulating the tumor microenvironment and shaping the adaptive tumor response. In fact, their role as a bridge to adaptive immunity, make them an attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the pleiotropic role of tissue-resident innate immune cells in different tumor contexts. In addition, we discuss how current and future therapeutic approaches targeting innate immune cells sustain the adaptive immune system in order to improve the efficacy of current tumor immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Busà
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Ester Badami
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zito
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ercolano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Ercolano,
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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47
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Jang A, Lehtinen MK. Experimental approaches for manipulating choroid plexus epithelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:36. [PMID: 35619113 PMCID: PMC9134666 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Choroid plexus (ChP) epithelial cells are crucial for the function of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) in the developing and mature brain. The ChP is considered the primary source and regulator of CSF, secreting many important factors that nourish the brain. It also performs CSF clearance functions including removing Amyloid beta and potassium. As such, the ChP is a promising target for gene and drug therapy for neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders in the central nervous system (CNS). This review describes the current successful and emerging experimental approaches for targeting ChP epithelial cells. We highlight methodological strategies to specifically target these cells for gain or loss of function in vivo. We cover both genetic models and viral gene delivery systems. Additionally, several lines of reporters to access the ChP epithelia are reviewed. Finally, we discuss exciting new approaches, such as chemical activation and transplantation of engineered ChP epithelial cells. We elaborate on fundamental functions of the ChP in secretion and clearance and outline experimental approaches paving the way to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahram Jang
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maria K Lehtinen
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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48
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Abstract
Nonresolving inflammation contributes to many diseases, including COVID-19 in its fatal and long forms. Our understanding of inflammation is rapidly evolving. Like the immune system of which it is a part, inflammation can now be seen as an interactive component of a homeostatic network with the endocrine and nervous systems. This review samples emerging insights regarding inflammatory memory, inflammatory aging, inflammatory cell death, inflammatory DNA, inflammation-regulating cells and metabolites, approaches to resolving or modulating inflammation, and inflammatory inequity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Nathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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49
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Arizmendi N, Alam SB, Azyat K, Makeiff D, Befus AD, Kulka M. The Complexity of Sesquiterpene Chemistry Dictates Its Pleiotropic Biologic Effects on Inflammation. Molecules 2022; 27:2450. [PMID: 35458648 PMCID: PMC9032002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes (SQs) are volatile compounds made by plants, insects, and marine organisms. SQ have a large range of biological properties and are potent inhibitors and modulators of inflammation, targeting specific components of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Because SQs can be isolated from over 1600 genera and 2500 species grown worldwide, they are an attractive source of phytochemical therapeutics. The chemical structure and biosynthesis of SQs is complex, and the SQ scaffold represents extraordinary structural variety consisting of both acyclic and cyclic (mono, bi, tri, and tetracyclic) compounds. These structures can be decorated with a diverse range of functional groups and substituents, generating many stereospecific configurations. In this review, the effect of SQs on inflammation will be discussed in the context of their complex chemistry. Because inflammation is a multifactorial process, we focus on specific aspects of inflammation: the inhibition of NF-kB signaling, disruption of NO production and modulation of dendritic cells, mast cells, and monocytes. Although the molecular targets of SQs are varied, we discuss how these pathways may mediate the effects of SQs on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcy Arizmendi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Syed Benazir Alam
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Khalid Azyat
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Darren Makeiff
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - A Dean Befus
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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