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Li Y, Ashuo A, Hao M, Li Y, Ye J, Liu J, Hua T, Fang Z, Li J, Yuan Z, Chen J. An extracellular humanized IFNAR immunocompetent mouse model for analyses of human interferon alpha and subtypes. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2287681. [PMID: 37994664 PMCID: PMC10810641 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2287681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-Is) have key roles in immune defense and treatments for various diseases, including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. All IFN-Is signal through a shared IFN-I heterodimeric receptor complex comprising IFN-α receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNAR2 subunits, but differences in antiviral and immunomodulatory responses among IFN-I subtypes remain largely unknown. Because the IFN-IFNAR interactions are species-specific, mice exhibit weak responses to human IFN-I. To more fully characterize the actions of human IFN-α and its subtypes in vivo, a gene targeting strategy was employed to generate gene knock-in mice with extracellular-humanized IFNAR1/2 (IFNAR-hEC) in the C57BL/6N strain. IFNAR-hEC mice actively responded to human IFN-I, and endogenous mouse IFN-I signalling remained active in heterozygous mice (IfnarhEC/+). Analyses of IFNAR-hEC mice and isolated cells showed that human IFN-α2 and α14 subtypes exerted differential effect on the activation of JAK-STAT signalling and immune responses. Compared with IFN-α2, IFN-α14 induced greater activation of STAT1/2 and IFN-stimulated genes, synergistically elicited IFN-α and -γ signalling, and induced higher numbers of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Moreover, IFNAR-hEC mice with HBV replication displayed long-term viral suppression upon treatment with the clinically-used PEGylated hIFN-α2. These results indicate that IFNAR-hEC mice may be useful for elucidating antiviral and immunomodulatory functions of human IFN-Is and for conducting preclinical studies. A better understanding of the distinct activities of IFN-α subtypes can provide insights concerning the development of improved IFN-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Asha Ashuo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Menghan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaming Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Hua
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC), Research Unit of Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection (CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Duehren S, Uchida T, Tsuge M, Hiraga N, Uprichard SL, Etzion O, Glenn J, Koh C, Heller T, Cotler SJ, Oka S, Chayama K, Dahari H. Interferon alpha induces a stronger antiviral effect than interferon lambda in HBV/HDV infected humanized mice. Virus Res 2024; 349:199451. [PMID: 39168375 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that treatment of chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) with either pegylated interferon (IFN)λ or pegylated IFNα monotherapy leads to a dramatic decline in HDV RNA. Herein, we investigated the innate antiviral efficacy of IFNλ and IFNα in humanized mice that lack an adaptive immune response. Humanized mice were either co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV simultaneously, or HDV infection was performed subsequent to HBV infection (i.e., superinfected). After steady viral replication was achieved, mice received either IFNλ (n = 6) or IFNα (n = 7) for 12 (or 13) weeks. Pretreatment median levels of serum HBV DNA (8.8 [IQR:0.2] log IU/ml), HDV RNA (9.8 [0.5] log IU/ml), HBsAg (4.0 [0.4] log IU/ml) and human albumin, hAlb (6.9 [0.1] log ng/mL) were similar between mice treated with IFNα or IFNλ and between those coinfected versus superinfected. Compared to mice treated with IFNλ, mice treated with IFNα had a significantly greater decline in HBV, HDV, and HBsAg levels. In conclusion, IFNα induces stronger inhibition of HBV and HDV than IFNλ in humanized mice that lack an adaptive immune response. Further studies are needed to assess the respective role of the combined innate-and adaptive-immune systems in the treatment of HBV and HDV with IFNα and IFNλ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duehren
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Takuro Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan; Division of Travel Medicine and Health, Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Japan; Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima university, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima university, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Liver center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Hiraga
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima university, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Susan L Uprichard
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ohad Etzion
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jeffrey Glenn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Scott J Cotler
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Shiro Oka
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima university, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Hiroshima Institute of Life Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Harel Dahari
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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3
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Uchida T, Imamura M, Hayes CN, Suehiro Y, Teraoka Y, Ohya K, Aikata H, Abe-Chayama H, Ishida Y, Tateno C, Hara Y, Hino K, Okamoto T, Matsuura Y, Aizaki H, Wake K, Kohara M, Liang TJ, Oka S, Chayama K. HBV with precore and basal core promoter mutations exhibits a high replication phenotype and causes ER stress-mediated cell death in humanized liver chimeric mice. Hepatology 2023; 78:929-942. [PMID: 36896966 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mutations within the precore (PC) and basal core promoter (BCP) regions of the HBV genome are associated with fulminant hepatitis and HBV reactivation. These mutations may enhance viral replication, but little is known about whether they directly induce damage to the liver. We investigated mechanisms of direct cytopathic effects induced by the infection with PC/BCP mutants in the absence of immune response in vitro and in vivo . APPROACH AND RESULTS Mice with humanized livers and hepatocytes derived from humanized mice were infected with either wild-type or mutant-type PC/BCP HBV, and the HBV replication and human hepatocyte damage were evaluated. HBV proliferated vigorously in mice with PC/BCP-mutant infection, and the severe loss of human hepatocytes with a slight human ALT elevation subsequently occurred only in PC/BCP mutant mice. In PC/BCP mutant infection, the accumulation of HBsAg in humanized livers colocalized with the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to apoptosis through unfolded protein response in HBV-infected hepatocytes. RNA-sequencing revealed the molecular characteristics of the phenotype of PC/BCP mutant infection in a humanized mouse model. Reduced ALT elevation and higher HBV DNA levels in this model are consistent with characteristics of HBV reactivation, indicating that the hepatocyte damage in this model might mimic HBV reactivation followed by hepatocyte damage under immunosuppressive conditions. CONCLUSION PC and BCP mutations were associated with enhanced viral replication and cell death induced by ER stress using HBV infection models. These mutations might be associated with liver damage in patients with fulminant hepatitis or HBV reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suehiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Abe-Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hara
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hino
- Department of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Toru Okamoto
- Institute for Advanced Co-creation Studies, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Aizaki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Wake
- Liver Research Unit, Minophagen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Jake Liang
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Hiroshima Institute of Life Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Ahluwalia S, Choudhary D, Tyagi P, Kumar V, Vivekanandan P. Vitamin D signaling inhibits HBV activity by directly targeting the HBV core promoter. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101233. [PMID: 34562448 PMCID: PMC8517215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological studies support a role for vitamin D in suppressing hepatitis B virus (HBV). This antiviral role of vitamin D is widely attributed to vitamin D receptor (VDR)/retinoid X receptor-mediated regulation of host immunomodulatory genes through vitamin D response elements (VDREs) in their promoters. Here, we investigated the ability of calcitriol (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, metabolically activated vitamin D) to directly regulate HBV activity through this signaling pathway. We observed that calcitriol selectively inhibited only the HBV core promoter without affecting the HBV-PreS1, HBV-PreS2/S, or HBx promoters. We then identified a VDRE cluster in the HBV core promoter that is highly conserved across most HBV genotypes. Disruption of this VDRE cluster abrogated calcitriol-mediated suppression of the HBV core promoter. Furthermore, we showed that VDR interacts directly with the VDRE cluster in the HBV core promoter independent of retinoid X receptor. This demonstrates that calcitriol inhibits HBV core promoter activity through a noncanonical calcitriol-activated VDR pathway. Finally, we observed that calcitriol suppressed expression of the canonical HBV core promoter transcripts, pregenomic RNA, and precore RNA in multiple HBV cell culture models. In addition, calcitriol inhibited the secretion of hepatitis B "e" antigen and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBV-encoded proteins linked to poor disease prognosis), without affecting virion secretion. Our findings identify VDR as a novel regulator of HBV core promoter activity and also explain at least in part the correlation of vitamin D levels to HBV activity observed in clinical studies. Furthermore, this study has implications on the potential use of vitamin D along with anti-HBV therapies, and lays the groundwork for studies on vitamin D-mediated regulation of viruses through VDREs in virus promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaksh Ahluwalia
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Choudhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Purnima Tyagi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Perumal Vivekanandan
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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Tsuge M. Are Humanized Mouse Models Useful for Basic Research of Hepatocarcinogenesis through Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection? Viruses 2021; 13:v13101920. [PMID: 34696350 PMCID: PMC8541657 DOI: 10.3390/v13101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem that can lead to liver dysfunction, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current antiviral therapies can control viral replication in patients with chronic HBV infection; however, there is a risk of HCC development. HBV-related proteins may be produced in hepatocytes regardless of antiviral therapies and influence intracellular metabolism and signaling pathways, resulting in liver carcinogenesis. To understand the mechanisms of liver carcinogenesis, the effect of HBV infection in human hepatocytes should be analyzed. HBV infects human hepatocytes through transfer to the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP). Although the NTCP is expressed on the hepatocyte surface in several animals, including mice, HBV infection is limited to human primates. Due to this species-specific liver tropism, suitable animal models for analyzing HBV replication and developing antivirals have been lacking since the discovery of the virus. Recently, a humanized mouse model carrying human hepatocytes in the liver was developed based on several immunodeficient mice; this is useful for analyzing the HBV life cycle, antiviral effects of existing/novel antivirals, and intracellular signaling pathways under HBV infection. Herein, the usefulness of human hepatocyte chimeric mouse models in the analysis of HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Tsuge
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Department of Biomedical Science, Research and Development Division, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-82-257-1510
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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6
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Zhang D, Guo S, Schrodi SJ. Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Virus-Host Interaction in Hepatitis B Infection: Pathogenesis and Oncogenetic Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9858. [PMID: 34576022 PMCID: PMC8466338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), the well-studied oncovirus that contributes to the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) worldwide, can cause a severe inflammatory microenvironment leading to genetic and epigenetic changes in hepatocyte clones. HBV replication contributes to the regulation of DNA methyltransferase gene expression, particularly by X protein (HBx), and subsequent methylation changes may lead to abnormal transcription activation of adjacent genes and genomic instability. Undoubtedly, the altered expression of these genes has been known to cause diverse aspects of infected hepatocytes, including apoptosis, proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and immune responses. Additionally, pollutant-induced DNA methylation changes and aberrant methylation of imprinted genes in hepatocytes also complicate the process of tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, hepatocytes also contribute to epigenetic modification of the viral genome to affect HBV replication or viral protein production. Meanwhile, methylation levels of HBV integrants and surrounding host regions also play crucial roles in their ability to produce viral proteins in affected hepatocytes. Both host and viral changes can provide novel insights into tumorigenesis, individualized responses to therapeutic intervention, disease progress, and early diagnosis. As such, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing of cancer-related genes and viral replication is a compelling therapeutic goal to reduce morbidity and mortality from liver cancer caused by chronic HBV infection. In this review, we summarize the most recent research on aberrant DNA methylation associated with HBV infection, which is involved in HCC development, and provide an outlook on the future direction of the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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7
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Reinharz V, Ishida Y, Tsuge M, Durso-Cain K, Chung TL, Tateno C, Perelson AS, Uprichard SL, Chayama K, Dahari H. Understanding Hepatitis B Virus Dynamics and the Antiviral Effect of Interferon Alpha Treatment in Humanized Chimeric Mice. J Virol 2021; 95:e0049220. [PMID: 33910953 PMCID: PMC8223956 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00492-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas the mode of action of lamivudine (LAM) against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is well established, the inhibition mechanism(s) of interferon alpha (IFN-α) is less completely defined. To advance our understanding, we mathematically modeled HBV kinetics during 14-day pegylated IFN-α-2a (pegIFN), LAM, or pegIFN-plus-LAM (pegIFN+LAM) treatment of 39 chronically HBV-infected humanized uPA/SCID chimeric mice. Serum HBV DNA and intracellular HBV DNA were measured frequently. We developed a multicompartmental mathematical model and simultaneously fit it to the serum and intracellular HBV DNA data. Unexpectedly, even in the absence of an adaptive immune response, a biphasic decline in serum HBV DNA and intracellular HBV DNA was observed in response to all treatments. Kinetic analysis and modeling indicate that the first phase represents inhibition of intracellular HBV DNA synthesis and secretion, which was similar under all treatments with an overall mean efficacy of 98%. In contrast, there were distinct differences in HBV decline during the second phase, which was accounted for in the model by a time-dependent inhibition of intracellular HBV DNA synthesis, with the steepest decline observed during pegIFN+LAM treatment (1.28/day) and the slowest (0.1/day) during pegIFN monotherapy. Reminiscent of observations in patients treated with pegIFN and/or LAM, a biphasic HBV decline was observed in treated humanized mice in the absence of an adaptive immune response. Interestingly, combination treatment did not increase the initial inhibition of HBV production but rather enhanced second-phase decline, providing insight into the dynamics of HBV treatment response and the mode of action of IFN-α against HBV. IMPORTANCE Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health care problem, as we lack sufficient curative treatment options. Elucidating the dynamics of HBV infection and treatment response at the molecular level could facilitate the development of novel, more effective HBV antivirals. Currently, the only well-established small animal HBV infection model available is the chimeric uPA/SCID mice with humanized livers; however, the HBV inhibition kinetics under pegylated IFN-α-2a (pegIFN) in this model system have not been determined in sufficient detail. In this study, viral kinetics in 39 humanized mice treated with pegIFN and/or lamivudine were monitored and analyzed using a mathematical modeling approach. We found that the main mode of action of IFN-α is blocking HBV DNA synthesis and that the majority of synthesized HBV DNA is secreted. Our study provides novel insights into HBV DNA dynamics within infected human hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Reinharz
- Department of Computer Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yuji Ishida
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Karina Durso-Cain
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Tje Lin Chung
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Institut für Biostatistik and Mathematische Modellierung, Fachbereich Medizin, Goethe Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Chise Tateno
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Alan S. Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Susan L. Uprichard
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Infectious Disease and Immunology Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Harel Dahari
- The Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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Dash PK, Gorantla S, Poluektova L, Hasan M, Waight E, Zhang C, Markovic M, Edagwa B, Machhi J, Olson KE, Wang X, Mosley RL, Kevadiya B, Gendelman HE. Humanized Mice for Infectious and Neurodegenerative disorders. Retrovirology 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 34090462 PMCID: PMC8179712 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-021-00557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Humanized mice model human disease and as such are used commonly for research studies of infectious, degenerative and cancer disorders. Recent models also reflect hematopoiesis, natural immunity, neurobiology, and molecular pathways that influence disease pathobiology. A spectrum of immunodeficient mouse strains permit long-lived human progenitor cell engraftments. The presence of both innate and adaptive immunity enables high levels of human hematolymphoid reconstitution with cell susceptibility to a broad range of microbial infections. These mice also facilitate investigations of human pathobiology, natural disease processes and therapeutic efficacy in a broad spectrum of human disorders. However, a bridge between humans and mice requires a complete understanding of pathogen dose, co-morbidities, disease progression, environment, and genetics which can be mirrored in these mice. These must be considered for understanding of microbial susceptibility, prevention, and disease progression. With known common limitations for access to human tissues, evaluation of metabolic and physiological changes and limitations in large animal numbers, studies in mice prove important in planning human clinical trials. To these ends, this review serves to outline how humanized mice can be used in viral and pharmacologic research emphasizing both current and future studies of viral and neurodegenerative diseases. In all, humanized mouse provides cost-effective, high throughput studies of infection or degeneration in natural pathogen host cells, and the ability to test transmission and eradication of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta K Dash
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Santhi Gorantla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Larisa Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Emiko Waight
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Milica Markovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Benson Edagwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jatin Machhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Katherine E Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - R Lee Mosley
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Bhavesh Kevadiya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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9
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Xu Z, Lin JZ, Zeng YF, Yang XH, Wu ZB, Hu ZX, Zhao QY, Liu J, Gao ZL. Changes of cytokine levels and T cell surface molecules in patients with chronic hepatitis B and the association with functional cure. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4966-4974. [PMID: 33913556 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine changes in levels of cytokine and T cell surface molecules in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving sequential interferon therapy following 1-year nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) treatment. Cytokine levels were measured in 30 patients, and T cell surface molecule expression was measured in 48 patients receiving sequential interferon therapy and 24 patients only receiving NA mono-therapy. An HBsAg titer of <0.05 IU/ml was defined as a "functional cure." In the cured group (HBsAg < 0.05 IU/ml), a decreasing probability was observed in IFN-γ (after Week 0), and IL-22 and IP-10 (after Week 12). In the non-cured group (HBsAg ≥ 0.05 IU/ml), a probability of slightly decreasing was observed for IFN-γ (after Week 12), and a probability of increasing IP-10 concentration (after Week 0) was observed. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses showed significant differences in the levels of IL-10, IL-23, CCL-3, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-12P70 between the two groups. In GEE analysis, there were significant differences in expressions of CD45RO+ between the cured group and the non-cured group. The frequencies of T cells expressing Tim-3, CD62L, and CD152 were significantly lower in the sequential interferon therapy group than in the NA mono-therapy group. Changes in cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IP-10, IL-10, IL-23, CCL-3, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-12P70) and T cell surface molecules (CD45RO+ ) may predict HBsAg seroconversion in CHB patients receiving sequential interferon therapy. The period from Weeks 12 to 24 during sequential interferon therapy may be a critical time of immune status change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Zong Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Lingnan Hospital, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Fu Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe-Bin Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi-Yi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Kadelka S, Dahari H, Ciupe SM. Understanding the antiviral effects of RNAi-based therapy in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:200. [PMID: 33420293 PMCID: PMC7794570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA interference (RNAi) drug ARC-520 was shown to be effective in reducing serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in HBeAg-positive patients treated with a single dose of ARC-520 and daily nucleosidic analogue (entecavir). To provide insights into HBV dynamics under ARC-520 treatment and its efficacy in blocking HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg production we developed a multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic-pharamacodynamic model and calibrated it with frequent measured HBV kinetic data. We showed that the time-dependent single dose ARC-520 efficacies in blocking HBsAg and HBeAg are more than 96% effective around day 1, and slowly wane to 50% in 1-4 months. The combined single dose ARC-520 and entecavir effect on HBV DNA was constant over time, with efficacy of more than 99.8%. The observed continuous HBV DNA decline is entecavir mediated, the strong but transient HBsAg and HBeAg decays are ARC-520 mediated. The modeling framework may help assess ongoing RNAi drug development for hepatitis B virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kadelka
- Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Harel Dahari
- Program for Experimental and Theoretical Modeling, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Stanca M Ciupe
- Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
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11
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Tsushima K, Tsuge M, Hiraga N, Uchida T, Murakami E, Makokha GN, Kurihara M, Nomura M, Hiyama Y, Fujino H, Ono A, Nakahara T, Yamauchi M, Abe-Chayama H, Kawaoka T, Miki D, Imamura M, Aikata H, Hayes CN, Chayama K. Comparison of intracellular responses between HBV genotype A and C infection in human hepatocyte chimeric mice. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:650-659. [PMID: 30790056 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01558-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The clinical course and responsiveness to antiviral treatments differs among hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes. However, the cause of these differences is unclear. In the present study, we compared mRNA expression profiles in human hepatocyte chimeric mice infected with HBV genotypes A and C. METHODS Fifteen chimeric mice were prepared and divided into the following three groups: uninfected control mice, HBV genotype A-infected mice, and HBV genotype C-infected mice. Human hepatocytes were collected from these mouse livers and gene expression analyses were performed using next-generation RNA sequencing. RESULTS Although similar pathways were influenced by HBV infection, including inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling, p53, and integrin signaling pathways, expression levels of up-regulated genes by HBV genotype A or C infection were quite different. In HBV genotype A-infected hepatocytes, 172 genes, including KRT23 and C10orf54, were significantly more highly expressed than in HBV genotype C-infected cells, whereas 10 genes, including SPX and IER3, were expressed at significantly lower levels. Genes associated with the p53 pathway and the inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway were more highly expressed in cells with HBV genotype A infection, whereas genes associated with CCKR signaling map and oxidative stress response were more highly expressed in cells with HBV genotype C infection. CONCLUSION Several differences in gene expression with respect to HBV genotype A and C infection were detected in human hepatocytes. These differences might be associated with genotypic difference in the clinical course or responsiveness to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tsushima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hiraga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Grace Naswa Makokha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mio Kurihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Motonobu Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Abe-Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Clair Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. .,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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12
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Makokha GN, Abe-Chayama H, Chowdhury S, Hayes CN, Tsuge M, Yoshima T, Ishida Y, Zhang Y, Uchida T, Tateno C, Akiyama R, Chayama K. Regulation of the Hepatitis B virus replication and gene expression by the multi-functional protein TARDBP. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8462. [PMID: 31186504 PMCID: PMC6560085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects the liver and is a key risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Identification of host factors that support viral replication is important to understand mechanisms of viral replication and to develop new therapeutic strategies. We identified TARDBP as a host factor that regulates HBV. Silencing or knocking out the protein in HBV infected cells severely impaired the production of viral replicative intermediates, mRNAs, proteins, and virions, whereas ectopic expression of TARDBP rescued production of these products. Mechanistically, we found that the protein binds to the HBV core promoter, as shown by chromatin precipitation as well as mutagenesis and protein-DNA interaction assays. Using LC-MS/MS analysis, we also found that TARDBP binds to a number of other proteins known to support the HBV life cycle, including NPM1, PARP1, Hsp90, HNRNPC, SFPQ, PTBP1, HNRNPK, and PUF60. Interestingly, given its key role as a regulator of RNA splicing, we found that TARDBP has an inhibitory role on pregenomic RNA splicing, which might help the virus to export its non-canonical RNAs from the nucleus without being subjected to unwanted splicing, even though mRNA nuclear export is normally closely tied to RNA splicing. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TARDBP is involved in multiple steps of HBV replication via binding to both HBV DNA and RNA. The protein's broad interactome suggests that TARDBP may function as part of a RNA-binding scaffold involved in HBV replication and that the interaction between these proteins might be a target for development of anti-HBV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Naswa Makokha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Abe-Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
- Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sajeda Chowdhury
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Yoshima
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
- Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishida
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., 3-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Rie Akiyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Liver Research Project Center, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, 734-8551, Japan.
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13
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Wang Z, Kawaguchi K, Honda M, Hashimoto S, Shirasaki T, Okada H, Orita N, Shimakami T, Yamashita T, Sakai Y, Mizukoshi E, Murakami S, Kaneko S. Notch signaling facilitates hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA transcription via cAMP response element-binding protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase-modulation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1621. [PMID: 30733490 PMCID: PMC6367350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch1 is regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligases, with proteasomal degradation of the Notch intracellular domain affecting the transcription of target genes. cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) mediates the transcription of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). We assessed the relationship between HBV cccDNA and Notch signaling activities. HBV cccDNA levels and relative gene expression were evaluated in HBV-replicating cells treated with Jagged1 shRNA and a γ-secretase inhibitor. The effects of these factors in surgically resected clinical samples were also assessed. Notch inhibition suppressed HBV cccDNA and CREB-related expression but increased ITCH and NUMB levels. Proteasome inhibitor augmented HBV cccDNA, restored Notch and CREB expression, and inhibited ITCH and NUMB function. Increased HBV cccDNA was observed after ITCH and NUMB blockage, even after treatment with the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin; protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor had the opposite effect. Notch activation and E3 ligase inactivation were observed in HBV-positive cells in clinical liver tissue. Collectively, these findings reveal that Notch signaling activity facilitates HBV cccDNA transcription via CREB to trigger the downstream PKA-phospho-CREB cascade and is regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase-modulation of the Notch intracellular domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Shirasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hikari Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriaki Orita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shimakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seishi Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
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14
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Tan G, Song H, Xu F, Cheng G. When Hepatitis B Virus Meets Interferons. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1611. [PMID: 30072974 PMCID: PMC6058040 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection imposes a severe burden on global public health. Currently, there are no curative therapies for millions of chronic HBV-infected patients (Lok et al., 2017). Interferon (IFN; including pegylated IFN) is an approved anti-HBV drug that not only exerts direct antiviral activity, but also augments immunity against HBV infection. Through a systematic review of the literature, here we summarize and present recent progress in research regarding the interactions between IFN and HBV as well as dissect the antiviral mechanisms of IFN. We focus on inhibition of HBV replication by IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) as well as inhibition of IFN signaling by HBV and viral proteins. Finally, we briefly discuss current IFN-based HBV treatment strategies. This review may help to better understand the mechanisms involved in the therapeutic action of IFN as well as the crosstalk between IFN and HBV, and facilitate the development of both direct-acting and immunology-based new HBV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyun Tan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxiao Song
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengchao Xu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Center of System Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
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