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Mbatha SZ, Back CR, Devine AJ, Mulliner HM, Johns ST, Lewin H, Cheung KA, Zorn K, Stach JEM, Hayes MA, van der Kamp MW, Race PR, Willis CL. Antibiotic origami: selective formation of spirotetronates in abyssomicin biosynthesis. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03253e. [PMID: 39144453 PMCID: PMC11318650 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03253e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The abyssomicins are a structurally intriguing family of bioactive natural products that include compounds with potent antibacterial, antitumour and antiviral activities. The biosynthesis of the characteristic abyssomicin spirotetronate core occurs via an enzyme-catalysed intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, which proceeds via one of two distinct stereochemical pathways to generate products differing in configuration at the C15 spirocentre. Using the purified spirotetronate cyclases AbyU (from abyssomicin C/atrop-abyssomicin C biosynthesis) and AbmU (from abyssomicin 2/neoabyssomicin biosynthesis), in combination with synthetic substrate analogues, here we show that stereoselectivity in the spirotetronate-forming [4 + 2]-cycloaddition is controlled by a combination of factors attributable to both the enzyme and substrate. Furthermore, an achiral substrate was enzymatically cyclised to a single enantiomer of a spirocyclic product. X-ray crystal structures, molecular dynamics simulations, and assessment of substrate binding affinity and reactivity in both AbyU and AbmU establish the molecular determinants of stereochemical control in this important class of biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine R Back
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Andrew J Devine
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Samuel T Johns
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Harry Lewin
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Kaiman A Cheung
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Katja Zorn
- Compound Synthesis and Management, Discovery Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 431 83 Mölndal Sweden
| | - James E M Stach
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Martin A Hayes
- Compound Synthesis and Management, Discovery Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Pepparedsleden 1 431 83 Mölndal Sweden
| | | | - Paul R Race
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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2
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Ho CH, Chen CW, Su PY. Membranome-based identification of amino acid substitution in Haemophilus influenzae multidrug efflux pump HmrM for reduced chloramphenicol susceptibility. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:298. [PMID: 38860999 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
A decreased chloramphenicol susceptibility in Haemophilus influenzae is commonly caused by the activity of chloramphenicol acetyltransferases (CATs). However, the involvement of membrane proteins in chloramphenicol susceptibility in H. influenzae remains unclear. In this study, chloramphenicol susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and analyses of membrane-related genes were performed in 51 H. influenzae isolates. Functional complementation assays and structure-based protein analyses were conducted to assess the effect of proteins with sequence substitutions on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chloramphenicol in CAT-negative H. influenzae isolates. Six isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol and positive for type A-2 CATs. Of these isolates, A3256 had a similar level of CAT activity but a higher chloramphenicol MIC relative to the other resistant isolates; it also had 163 specific variations in 58 membrane genes. Regarding the CAT-negative isolates, logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic curve analyses revealed that 48T > G (Asn16Lys), 85 C > T (Leu29Phe), and 88 C > A (Leu30Ile) in HI_0898 (emrA), and 86T > G (Phe29Cys) and 141T > A (Ser47Arg) in HI_1177 (artM) were associated with enhanced chloramphenicol susceptibility, whereas 997G > A (Val333Ile) in HI_1612 (hmrM) was associated with reduced chloramphenicol susceptibility. Furthermore, the chloramphenicol MIC was lower in the CAT-negative isolates with EmrA-Leu29Phe/Leu30Ile or ArtM-Ser47Arg substitution and higher in those with HmrM-Val333Ile substitution, relative to their counterparts. The Val333Ile substitution was associated with enhanced HmrM protein stability and flexibility and increased chloramphenicol MICs in CAT-negative H. influenzae isolates. In conclusion, the substitution in H. influenzae multidrug efflux pump HmrM associated with reduced chloramphenicol susceptibility was characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Wei Chen
- Graduate Degree Program of Smart Healthcare & Bioinformatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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3
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Pourrostami Niavol K, Bordoloi A, Suri R. An overview of the occurrence, impact of process parameters, and the fate of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic digestion processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41745-41774. [PMID: 38853230 PMCID: PMC11219439 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have emerged as a significant global health threat, contributing to fatalities worldwide. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and livestock farms serve as primary reservoirs for these genes due to the limited efficacy of existing treatment methods and microbial adaptation to environmental stressors. Anaerobic digestion (AD) stands as a prevalent biological treatment for managing sewage sludge and manure in these settings. Given the agricultural utility of AD digestate as biofertilizers, understanding ARGs' fate within AD processes is essential to devise effective mitigation strategies. However, understanding the impact of various factors on ARGs occurrence, dissemination, and fate remains limited. This review article explores various AD treatment parameters and correlates to various resistance mechanisms and hotspots of ARGs in the environment. It further evaluates the dissemination and occurrence of ARGs in AD feedstocks and provides a comprehensive understanding of the fate of ARGs in AD systems. This review explores the influence of key AD parameters such as feedstock properties, pretreatments, additives, and operational strategies on ARGs. Results show that properties such as high solid content and optimum co-digestion ratios can enhance ARG removal, while the presence of heavy metals, microplastics, and antibiotics could elevate ARG abundance. Also, operational enhancements, such as employing two-stage digestion, have shown promise in improving ARG removal. However, certain pretreatment methods, like thermal hydrolysis, may exhibit a rebounding effect on ARG levels. Overall, this review systematically addresses current challenges and offers future perspectives associated with the fate of ARGs in AD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Pourrostami Niavol
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Achinta Bordoloi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Rominder Suri
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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4
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Singh G, Rana A, Smriti. Decoding antimicrobial resistance: unraveling molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:280. [PMID: 38805035 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health threat, necessitating innovative approaches for combatting it. This review explores various mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance observed in various strains of bacteria. We examine various strategies, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), novel antimicrobial materials, drug delivery systems, vaccines, antibody therapies, and non-traditional antibiotic treatments. Through a comprehensive literature review, the efficacy and challenges of these strategies are evaluated. Findings reveal the potential of AMPs in combating resistance due to their unique mechanisms and lower propensity for resistance development. Additionally, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, show promise in enhancing antibiotic efficacy and overcoming resistance mechanisms. Vaccines and antibody therapies offer preventive measures, although challenges exist in their development. Non-traditional antibiotic treatments, including CRISPR-Cas systems, present alternative approaches to combat resistance. Overall, this review underscores the importance of multifaceted strategies and coordinated global efforts to address antimicrobial resistance effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Biosciences (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Anita Rana
- Department of Biosciences (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - Smriti
- Department of Biosciences (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Punjab, 140413, India
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5
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Bordeleau E, Stogios PJ, Evdokimova E, Koteva K, Savchenko A, Wright GD. Mechanistic plasticity in ApmA enables aminoglycoside promiscuity for resistance. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:234-242. [PMID: 37973888 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of aminoglycoside antibiotics is waning due to the acquisition of diverse resistance mechanisms by bacteria. Among the most prevalent are aminoglycoside acetyltransferases (AACs) that inactivate the antibiotics through acetyl coenzyme A-mediated modification. Most AACs are members of the GCN5 superfamily of acyltransferases which lack conserved active site residues that participate in catalysis. ApmA is the first reported AAC belonging to the left-handed β-helix superfamily. These enzymes are characterized by an essential active site histidine that acts as an active site base. Here we show that ApmA confers broad-spectrum aminoglycoside resistance with a molecular mechanism that diverges from other detoxifying left-handed β-helix superfamily enzymes and canonical GCN5 AACs. We find that the active site histidine plays different functions depending on the acetyl-accepting aminoglycoside substrate. This flexibility in the mechanism of a single enzyme underscores the plasticity of antibiotic resistance elements to co-opt protein catalysts in the evolution of drug detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bordeleau
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotics Discovery, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elena Evdokimova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kalinka Koteva
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotics Discovery, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID) University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gerard D Wright
- David Braley Centre for Antibiotics Discovery, M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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6
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Edwards AN, Blue AJ, Conforti JM, Cordes MS, Trakselis MA, Gallagher ES. Gas-phase stability and thermodynamics of ligand-bound, binary complexes of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reveal negative cooperativity. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6201-6212. [PMID: 37542535 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological role of the bacterial chloramphenicol (Chl)-resistance enzyme, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), has seen renewed interest due to the resurgent use of Chl against multi-drug-resistant microbes. This looming threat calls for more rationally designed antibiotic derivatives that have improved antimicrobial properties and reduced toxicity in humans. Herein, we utilize native ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) to investigate the gas-phase structure and thermodynamic stability of the type I variant of CAT from Escherichia coli (EcCATI) and several EcCATI:ligand-bound complexes. EcCATI readily binds multiple Chl without incurring significant changes to its gas-phase structure or stability. A non-hydrolyzable acetyl-CoA derivative (S-ethyl-CoA, S-Et-CoA) was used to kinetically trap EcCATI and Chl in a ternary, ligand-bound state (EcCATI:S-Et-CoA:Chl). Using collision-induced unfolding (CIU)-IMS-MS, we find that Chl dissociates from EcCATI:S-Et-CoA:Chl complexes at low collision energies, while S-Et-CoA remains bound to EcCATI even as protein unfolding occurs. Gas-phase binding constants further suggest that EcCATI binds S-Et-CoA more tightly than Chl. Both ligands exhibit negative cooperativity of subsequent ligand binding in their respective binary complexes. While we observe no significant change in structure or stability to EcCATI when bound to either or both ligands, we have elucidated novel gas-phase unfolding and dissociation behavior and provided a foundation for further characterization of alternative substrates and/or inhibitors of EcCATI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis N Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Anthony J Blue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Jessica M Conforti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Michael S Cordes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Michael A Trakselis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Elyssia S Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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7
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Huang B, Fan T, Wang K, Zhang H, Yu C, Nie S, Qi Y, Zheng WM, Han J, Fan Z, Sun S, Ye S, Yang H, Bu D. Accurate and efficient protein sequence design through learning concise local environment of residues. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad122. [PMID: 36916746 PMCID: PMC10027430 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Computational protein sequence design has been widely applied in rational protein engineering and increasing the design accuracy and efficiency is highly desired. RESULTS Here, we present ProDESIGN-LE, an accurate and efficient approach to protein sequence design. ProDESIGN-LE adopts a concise but informative representation of the residue's local environment and trains a transformer to learn the correlation between local environment of residues and their amino acid types. For a target backbone structure, ProDESIGN-LE uses the transformer to assign an appropriate residue type for each position based on its local environment within this structure, eventually acquiring a designed sequence with all residues fitting well with their local environments. We applied ProDESIGN-LE to design sequences for 68 naturally occurring and 129 hallucinated proteins within 20 s per protein on average. The designed proteins have their predicted structures perfectly resembling the target structures with a state-of-the-art average TM-score exceeding 0.80. We further experimentally validated ProDESIGN-LE by designing five sequences for an enzyme, chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase type III (CAT III), and recombinantly expressing the proteins in Escherichia coli. Of these proteins, three exhibited excellent solubility, and one yielded monomeric species with circular dichroism spectra consistent with the natural CAT III protein. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code of ProDESIGN-LE is available at https://github.com/bigict/ProDESIGN-LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
| | - Tingwen Fan
- Key Lab of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haicang Zhang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Zhongke Big Data Academy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Chungong Yu
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Zhongke Big Data Academy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Shuyu Nie
- Key Lab of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Yangshuo Qi
- Key Lab of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Wei-Mou Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jian Han
- Key Lab of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Zhongke Big Data Academy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huaiyi Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Key Lab of Microbial Physiological & Metabolic Engineering, State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, SKLP, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100110, China
- Zhongke Big Data Academy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
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8
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Ma X, Zhang L, Ren Y, Yun H, Cui H, Li Q, Guo Y, Gao S, Zhang F, Wang A, Liang B. Molecular Mechanism of Chloramphenicol and Thiamphenicol Resistance Mediated by a Novel Oxidase, CmO, in Sphingomonadaceae. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0154722. [PMID: 36519886 PMCID: PMC9888274 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01547-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance mediated by bacterial enzyme inactivation plays a crucial role in the degradation of antibiotics in the environment. Chloramphenicol (CAP) resistance by enzymatic inactivation comprises nitro reduction, amide bond hydrolysis, and acetylation modification. However, the molecular mechanism of enzymatic oxidation of CAP remains unknown. Here, a novel oxidase gene, cmO, was identified and confirmed biochemically. The encoded CmO oxidase could catalyze the oxidation at the C-1' and C-3' positions of CAP and thiamphenicol (TAP) in Sphingobium sp. strain CAP-1. CmO is highly conserved in members of the family Sphingomonadaceae and shares the highest amino acid similarity of 41.05% with the biochemically identified glucose methanol choline (GMC) oxidoreductases. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis analyses demonstrated that CAP was anchored inside the protein pocket of CmO with the hydrogen bonding of key residues glycine (G) 99, asparagine (N) 518, methionine (M) 474, and tyrosine (Y) 380. CAP sensitivity tests demonstrated that the acetyltransferase and CmO could enable a higher level of resistance to CAP than the amide bond-hydrolyzing esterase and nitroreductase. This study provides a better theoretical basis and a novel diagnostic gene for understanding and assessing the fate and resistance risk of CAP and TAP in the environment. IMPORTANCE Rising levels of antibiotic resistance are undermining ecological and human health as a result of the indiscriminate usage of antibiotics. Various resistance mechanisms have been characterized-for example, genes encoding proteins that degrade antibiotics-and yet, this requires further exploration. In this study, we report a novel gene encoding an oxidase involved in the inactivation of typical amphenicol antibiotics (chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol), and the molecular mechanism is elucidated. The findings provide novel data with which to understand the capabilities of bacteria to tackle antibiotic stress, as well as the complex function of enzymes in the contexts of antibiotic resistance development and antibiotic removal. The reported gene can be further employed as an indicator to monitor amphenicol's fate in the environment, thus benefiting risk assessment in this era of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Yun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Zhang L, Toplak M, Saleem-Batcha R, Höing L, Jakob R, Jehmlich N, von Bergen M, Maier T, Teufel R. Bacterial Dehydrogenases Facilitate Oxidative Inactivation and Bioremediation of Chloramphenicol. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200632. [PMID: 36353978 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance represents a major threat to human health and knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is therefore vital. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of oxidoreductases that inactivate the broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol via dual oxidation of the C3-hydroxyl group. Accordingly, chloramphenicol oxidation either depends on standalone glucose-methanol-choline (GMC)-type flavoenzymes, or on additional aldehyde dehydrogenases that boost overall turnover. These enzymes also enable the inactivation of the chloramphenicol analogues thiamphenicol and azidamfenicol, but not of the C3-fluorinated florfenicol. Notably, distinct isofunctional enzymes can be found in Gram-positive (e. g., Streptomyces sp.) and Gram-negative (e. g., Sphingobium sp.) bacteria, which presumably evolved their selectivity for chloramphenicol independently based on phylogenetic analyses. Mechanistic and structural studies provide further insights into the catalytic mechanisms of these biotechnologically interesting enzymes, which, in sum, are both a curse and a blessing by contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance as well as to the bioremediation of chloramphenicol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Toplak
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Raspudin Saleem-Batcha
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lars Höing
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roman Jakob
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research UFZ GmbH, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research UFZ GmbH, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timm Maier
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Teufel
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Uruén C, García C, Fraile L, Tommassen J, Arenas J. How Streptococcus suis escapes antibiotic treatments. Vet Res 2022; 53:91. [DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractStreptococcus suis is a zoonotic agent that causes sepsis and meningitis in pigs and humans. S. suis infections are responsible for large economic losses in pig production. The lack of effective vaccines to prevent the disease has promoted the extensive use of antibiotics worldwide. This has been followed by the emergence of resistance against different classes of antibiotics. The rates of resistance to tetracyclines, lincosamides, and macrolides are extremely high, and resistance has spread worldwide. The genetic origin of S. suis resistance is multiple and includes the production of target-modifying and antibiotic-inactivating enzymes and mutations in antibiotic targets. S. suis genomes contain traits of horizontal gene transfer. Many mobile genetic elements carry a variety of genes that confer resistance to antibiotics as well as genes for autonomous DNA transfer and, thus, S. suis can rapidly acquire multiresistance. In addition, S. suis forms microcolonies on host tissues, which are associations of microorganisms that generate tolerance to antibiotics through a variety of mechanisms and favor the exchange of genetic material. Thus, alternatives to currently used antibiotics are highly demanded. A deep understanding of the mechanisms by which S. suis becomes resistant or tolerant to antibiotics may help to develop novel molecules or combinations of antimicrobials to fight these infections. Meanwhile, phage therapy and vaccination are promising alternative strategies, which could alleviate disease pressure and, thereby, antibiotic use.
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11
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Teng KTY, Aerts M, Jaspers S, Ugarte-Ruiz M, Moreno MA, Saez JL, Collado S, de Frutos C, Dominguez L, Alvarez J. Patterns of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates from fattening pigs in Spain. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:333. [PMID: 36057710 PMCID: PMC9440507 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Swine are considered a major source of foodborne salmonellosis, a public health issue further complicated by the circulation of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains that threaten the safety of the food chain. The current study aimed to identify patterns that can help to understand the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella in pigs in Spain through the application of several multivariate statistical methods to data from the AMR national surveillance programs from 2001 to 2017. Results A total of 1,318 pig Salmonella isolates belonging to 63 different serotypes were isolated and their AMR profiles were determined. Tetracycline resistance across provinces in Spain was the highest among all antimicrobials and ranged from 66.7% to 95.8%, followed by sulfamethoxazole resistance (range: 42.5% − 77.8%), streptomycin resistance (range: 45.7% − 76.7%), ampicillin resistance (range: 24.3% − 66.7%, with a lower percentage of resistance in the South-East of Spain), and chloramphenicol resistance (range: 8.5% − 41.1%). A significant increase in the percentage of resistant isolates to chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin and trimethoprim from 2013 to 2017 was observed. Bayesian network analysis showed the existence of dependencies between resistance to antimicrobials of the same but also different families, with chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole in the centre of the networks. In the networks, the conditional probability for an isolate susceptible to ciprofloxacin that was also susceptible to nalidixic acid was 0.999 but for an isolate resistant to ciprofloxacin that was also resistant to nalidixic acid was only 0.779. An isolate susceptible to florfenicol would be expected to be susceptible to chloramphenicol, whereas an isolate resistant to chloramphenicol had a conditional probability of being resistant to florfenicol at only 0.221. Hierarchical clustering further demonstrated the linkage between certain resistances (and serotypes). For example, a higher likelihood of multidrug-resistance in isolates belonging to 1,4,[5],12:i:- serotype was found, and in the cluster where all isolates were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and florfenicol, 86.9% (n = 53) of the isolates were Typhimurium. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the power of multivariate statistical methods in discovering trends and patterns of AMR and found the existence of serotype-specific AMR patterns for serotypes of public health concern in Salmonella isolates in pigs in Spain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03377-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendy Tzu-Yun Teng
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
| | - Marc Aerts
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Stijn Jaspers
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Maria Ugarte-Ruiz
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Moreno
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Saez
- Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Animal y Trazabilidad, Dirección General de La Producción Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Collado
- Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Animal y Trazabilidad, Dirección General de La Producción Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina de Frutos
- Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria (LCV Algete), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Dominguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Özçam M, Oh JH, Tocmo R, Acharya D, Zhang S, Astmann TJ, Heggen M, Ruiz-Ramírez S, Li F, Cheng CC, Vivas E, Rey FE, Claesen J, Bugni TS, Walter J, van Pijkeren JP. A secondary metabolite drives intraspecies antagonism in a gut symbiont that is inhibited by cell-wall acetylation. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:824-835.e6. [PMID: 35443156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian microbiome encodes numerous secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters; yet, their role in microbe-microbe interactions is unclear. Here, we characterized two polyketide synthase gene clusters (fun and pks) in the gut symbiont Limosilactobacillus reuteri. The pks, but not the fun, cluster encodes antimicrobial activity. Forty-one of 51 L. reuteri strains tested are sensitive to Pks products; this finding was independent of strains' host origin. Sensitivity to Pks was also established in intraspecies competition experiments in gnotobiotic mice. Comparative genome analyses between Pks-resistant and -sensitive strains identified an acyltransferase gene (act) unique to Pks-resistant strains. Subsequent cell-wall analysis of wild-type and act mutant strains showed that Act acetylates cell-wall components, providing resistance to Pks-mediated killing. Additionally, pks mutants lost their competitive advantage, while act mutants lost their Pks resistance in in vivo competition assays. These findings provide insight into how closely related gut symbionts can compete and co-exist in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Özçam
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jee-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Restituto Tocmo
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deepa Acharya
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Shenwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Theresa J Astmann
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mark Heggen
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Fuyong Li
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Christopher C Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Eugenio Vivas
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jan Claesen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences and Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Tim S Bugni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jens Walter
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; Department of Medicine and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Jan-Peter van Pijkeren
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Torres-Martínez R, Moreno-León A, García-Rodríguez YM, Hernández-Delgado T, Delgado-Lamas G, Espinosa-García FJ. The Tagetes lucida Cav. essential oil and the mixture of its main compounds are antibacterial and modulate antibiotic resistance in multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:210-223. [PMID: 35419861 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated an essential oil (EO) of Tagetes lucida Cav. and the mixture of its main compounds against multi-drug resistant bacteria. We found that EO and the partially reconstituted blend of its main components have antibacterial activity and inhibit antibiotic resistance (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, vancomycin, and imipenem) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa HIM-MR01. The T. lucida EO alone or added to the antibiotics showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The EO main bioactive compounds were methyl eugenol (46.15%), estragole (32.93%), linalool (2.48%), and geraniol (0.33%). The mixture (PREO) of those compounds at those proportions inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa in 45% at 683.62 µg mL-1 and that of S. aureus in 51.7% at 39.04 µg mL-1 . The PREO had higher antibacterial and modulatory activities than the original EO. In conclusion, we overcame the unpredictability of EO activity (due to their natural variability) by determining which EO components inhibited bacteria and then producing a PREO to generate a reproducible mixture with predictable antibacterial and modulation of resistance activities. Thus, the PREO, and its components, show potential as alternatives to manage multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Torres-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Agustín Moreno-León
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Yolanda Magdalena García-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Tzasná Hernández-Delgado
- Laboratorio de Bioactividad de Productos Naturales, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Guillermo Delgado-Lamas
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Javier Espinosa-García
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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Susceptibility of Ocular Staphylococcus aureus to Antibiotics and Multipurpose Disinfecting Solutions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101203. [PMID: 34680784 PMCID: PMC8533015 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of ocular surface infections worldwide. Of these surface infections, those involving the cornea (microbial keratitis) are most sight-threatening. S. aureus can also cause conjunctivitis and contact lens-related non-infectious corneal infiltrative events (niCIE). The aim of this study was to determine the rates of resistance of S. aureus isolates to antibiotics and disinfecting solutions from these different ocular surface conditions. In total, 63 S. aureus strains from the USA and Australia were evaluated; 14 were from niCIE, 26 from conjunctivitis, and 23 from microbial keratitis (MK). The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of all the strains to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, oxacillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, azithromycin, and polymyxin B were determined. The MIC and MBC of the niCIE strains to contact lens multipurpose disinfectant solutions (MPDSs) was determined. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (100%). The susceptibility to other antibiotics decreased in the following order: gentamicin (98%), chloramphenicol (76%), oxacillin (74%), ciprofloxacin (46%), ceftazidime (11%), azithromycin (8%), and polymyxin B (8%). In total, 87% of all the isolates were multidrug resistant and 17% of the isolates from microbial keratitis were extensively drug resistant. The microbial keratitis strains from Australia were usually susceptible to ciprofloxacin (57% vs. 11%; p = 0.04) and oxacillin (93% vs. 11%; p = 0.02) compared to microbial keratitis isolates from the USA. Microbial keratitis isolates from the USA were less susceptible (55%) to chloramphenicol compared to conjunctivitis strains (95%; p = 0.01). Similarly, 75% of conjunctivitis strains from Australia were susceptible to chloramphenicol compared to 14% of microbial keratitis strains (p = 0.04). Most (93%) strains isolated from contact lens wearers were killed in 100% MPDS, except S. aureus 27. OPTI-FREE PureMoist was the most active MPDS against all strains with 35% of strains having an MIC ≤ 11.36%. There was a significant difference in susceptibility between OPTI-FREE PureMoist and Biotrue (p = 0.02). S. aureus non-infectious CIE strains were more susceptible to antibiotics than conjunctivitis strains and conjunctivitis strains were more susceptible than microbial keratitis strains. Microbial keratitis strains from Australia (isolated between 2006 and 2018) were more susceptible to antibiotics in comparison with microbial keratitis strains from the USA (isolated in 2004). Most of the strains were multidrug-resistant. There was variability in the susceptibility of contact lens isolates to MPDSs with one S. aureus strain, S. aureus 27, isolated from niCIE, in Australia in 1997 being highly resistant to all four MPDSs and three different types of antibiotics. Knowledge of the rates of resistance to antibiotics in different conditions and regions could help guide treatment of these diseases.
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15
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Elevation of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Metabolism Contributes to Zhongshengmycin Resistance in Xanthomonas oryzae. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101166. [PMID: 34680747 PMCID: PMC8532796 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae severely impacts the yield and quality of rice. Antibiotics are the most common control measure for this pathogen; however, the overuse of antibiotics in past decades has caused bacterial resistance to these antibiotics. The agricultural context is of particular importance as antibiotic-resistant bacteria are prevalent, but the resistance mechanism largely remains unexplored. Herein, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we demonstrated that zhongshengmycin-resistant X. oryzae (Xoo-Rzs) and zhongshengmycin-sensitive X. oryzae (Xoo-S) have distinct metabolic profiles. We found that the resistance to zhongshengmycin (ZS) in X. oryzae is related to increased fatty acid biosynthesis. This was demonstrated by measuring the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity, the expression levels of enzyme genes involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation pathways, and adding exogenous materials, i.e., triclosan and fatty acids. Our work provides a basis for the subsequent control of the production of antibiotic-resistant strains of X. oryzae and the development of coping strategies.
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16
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Sheng T, Song G, Yue T, Zhang J, Wang W, Yang Z, Lu Q. Whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial resistance analysis of multidrug-resistant Aeromonas veronii strain JC529 from a common carp. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2021; 27:118-122. [PMID: 34508865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aeromonas veronii can cause infections in humans and a wide variety of aquatic and terrestrial animals as well as causing serious economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. Aeromonas veronii strain JC529 was isolated from an infected common carp in a fish pond in Jilin Province. In this study, we identified the multidrug resistance genes and traced the source of the strain in order to lay the foundation for research on the resistance mechanisms of other Aeromonas isolates. METHODS The isolated strain was sequenced using PacBio RS II and Illumina HiSeq 4000 platforms. Corrected reads were assembled using Celera and Falcon software and genes were predicted using Glimmer software. Seven databases were used for general function annotation. Virulence factors and resistance genes were identified based on the core data set in the VFDB and ARDB databases. Concurrently, 68 publicly available A. veronii genomes (including A. veronii JC529) were compared to reveal the clustering relationship of JC529. RESULTS Aeromonas veronii strain JC529 has a circular chromosome of 4 834 659 bp with a GC content of 59.64%, including 4264 protein-coding genes, 2 prophages, 482 virulence factors and 27 antibiotic resistance genes, indicating that strain JC529 is a multidrug-resistant strain. The phylogenetic tree showed that strains JC529 and NS, PDB, AG5.28.6 and VCK1 appear to be inherited from a common ancestor and affect aquaculture in China and Greece. CONCLUSION Strain JC529 is a multidrug-resistant A. veronii strain and has been inherited from a common ancestor with Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Gege Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Taotao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhenguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Comparative Analysis of Chloramphenicol-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Dairy Companies in Korea. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8080143. [PMID: 34437465 PMCID: PMC8402777 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chloramphenicol is currently banned from use in livestock, other phenicols, such as florfenicol and thiamphenicol, have been used for the treatment of bacterial infections in domestic cattle in Korea. This study compares the characteristics of chloramphenicol-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from the bulk tank milk of four major dairy companies in Korea. Although the distribution of multidrug resistance patterns showed no significant differences between the four companies, 85 chloramphenicol-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolates showed a significantly high number of resistances against five or six antimicrobial classes (37.6%, respectively) (p < 0.05). When analyzing the distribution of phenicol resistance genes, 31 (36.5%) isolates only carried the catA gene, and two (6.3%) isolates from company A only carried the cfr gene. No isolates carried the catB or fexA genes. Regarding the distribution of other resistance genes, both the tetL and tetM (45.9%), ermB (82.4%), and both aac(6″)-Ie-aph(2″)-la and ant(6′)-Ia genes (30.6%) showed a high prevalence, and the optrA and poxtA genes were observed separately, each in only two (2.4%) isolates. Our results confirm that the dissemination of chloramphenicol-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and some antimicrobial resistance genes show significant differences between dairy companies. Therefore, our results support that each dairy company should undertake effective surveillance programs to better understand and minimize the emergence of resistance on a multidisciplinary level.
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Zhang Y, Deng Y, Feng J, Guo Z, Chen H, Wang B, Hu J, Lin Z, Su Y. Functional characterization of VscCD, an important component of the type Ⅲ secretion system of Vibrio harveyi. Microb Pathog 2021; 157:104965. [PMID: 34015493 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a Gram-negative bacterium that occurs widely in the ocean and a kind of pathogenic bacteria associated with vibriosis in grouper. We investigated whether the VscCD protein of the type Ⅲ secretion system (T3SS) was important for pathogenicity of V. harveyi. Mutations to the vscC and vscD genes (ΔvscCD) and complementation of the ΔvscCD mutant (C-ΔvscCD) were created. Moreover, the biological characteristics of the wild-type (WT) and mutant strains of V. harveyi 345 were compared. The results showed that deletion of the vscCD genes had no effect on bacterial growth, swimming/swarming ability, secretion of extracellular protease, or biofilm formation. However, as compared with the V. harveyi 345: pMMB207 (WT+) and complementary (C-ΔvscCD) strains, the ΔvscCD: pMMB207 (ΔvscCD+) mutant displayed decreased resistance to acid stress, H2O2, and antibiotics. In addition, infection of the pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu) showed that as compared with the WT+ and C-ΔvscCD strains, the ΔvscCD+ strain significantly reduced cumulative mortality of the host. The colonization ability of the ΔvscCD+ mutant in the spleen and liver tissues of the pearl gentian grouper was significantly lower than that of the WT+ and C-ΔvscCD strains. In the early stage of infection with the ΔvscCD+ strain, the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-16, TLR3, TNF-α, MHC-Iα, and CD8α were up-regulated to varying degrees. As compared with the WT+ and C-ΔvscCD strains, luxR expression was significantly up-regulated in the ΔvscCD+ strain, while the expression of vcrH and vp1668 was significantly down-regulated. As an important component of the T3SS, VscCD seemed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yiqin Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zhixun Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Haoxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Baotun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jianmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ziyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Youlu Su
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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Abstract
Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with the potential to be developed to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. Its unique structure evades the clinically widespread mechanisms of aminoglycoside resistance that currently compromise the efficacy of other members in this drug class. Of the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes that chemically alter these antibiotics, only AAC(3)-IVa has been demonstrated to confer resistance to apramycin through N-acetylation. Knowledge of other modification mechanisms is important to successfully develop apramycin for clinical use. Here, we show that ApmA is structurally unique among the previously described aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and capable of conferring a high level of resistance to apramycin. In vitro experiments indicated ApmA to be an N-acetyltransferase, but in contrast to AAC(3)-IVa, ApmA has a unique regiospecificity of the acetyl transfer to the N2' position of apramycin. Crystallographic analysis of ApmA conclusively showed that this enzyme is an acetyltransferase from the left-handed β-helix protein superfamily (LβH) with a conserved active site architecture. The success of apramycin will be dependent on consideration of the impact of this potential form of clinical resistance.IMPORTANCE Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that has been traditionally used in veterinary medicine. Recently, it has become an attractive candidate to repurpose in the fight against multidrug-resistant pathogens prioritized by the World Health Organization. Its atypical structure circumvents most of the clinically relevant mechanisms of resistance that impact this class of antibiotics. Prior to repurposing apramycin, it is important to understand the resistance mechanisms that could be a liability. Our study characterizes the most recently identified apramycin resistance element, apmA We show ApmA does not belong to the protein families typically associated with aminoglycoside resistance and is responsible for modifying a different site on the molecule. The data presented will be critical in the development of apramycin derivatives that will evade apmA in the event it becomes prevalent in the clinic.
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20
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Characterization of permissive and non-permissive peptide insertion sites in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Wang C, Dong XS, Yang YY, Xu GJ, Wu MM, Yan FJ, Zhang LG, An L, Fu PS, Wang XR, Su YB, Meng QL. Metabolites in the TCA Cycle Promote Resistance to Chloramphenicol of Edwardsiella tarda. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:972-981. [PMID: 33231461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a serious threat to human and animal health. Metabolite-enabled eradication of drug-resistant pathogens is an attractive strategy, and metabolite adjuvants, such as fumarate, are used for restoring the bactericidal ability of antibiotics. However, we show that metabolites in the TCA cycle increase the viability of Edwardsiella tarda against chloramphenicol (CAP), based on the survival assay of differential metabolites identified by LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, NADPH promotes CAP resistance in the CAP-resistant strain, while oxidants restore the bactericidal ability. Finally, we show that the intracellular redox state determines the sensitivity to CAP, and the total antioxidative capacity is decreased significantly in the antibiotic-resistant strain. Considering that the metabolites promote CAP resistance, metabolite adjuvants should be applied very cautiously. Overall, our research expands on the knowledge that the redox state is related to the bactericidal ability of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Xue-Sa Dong
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yan-Yan Yang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Guo-Jing Xu
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wu
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Fa-Jun Yan
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Long-Gang Zhang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Li An
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Pei-Sheng Fu
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Xi-Rong Wang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yu-Bin Su
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Lei Meng
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan 250013, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Freshwater Genetics and Breeding, Jinan 250013, China
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22
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Amino Acid k-mer Feature Extraction for Quantitative Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Prediction by Machine Learning and Model Interpretation for Biological Insights. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110365. [PMID: 33126516 PMCID: PMC7694136 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning algorithms can learn mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance from the data of DNA sequence without any a priori information. Interpreting a trained machine learning algorithm can be exploited for validating the model and obtaining new information about resistance mechanisms. Different feature extraction methods, such as SNP calling and counting nucleotide k-mers have been proposed for presenting DNA sequences to the model. However, there are trade-offs between interpretability, computational complexity and accuracy for different feature extraction methods. In this study, we have proposed a new feature extraction method, counting amino acid k-mers or oligopeptides, which provides easier model interpretation compared to counting nucleotide k-mers and reaches the same or even better accuracy in comparison with different methods. Additionally, we have trained machine learning algorithms using different feature extraction methods and compared the results in terms of accuracy, model interpretability and computational complexity. We have built a new feature selection pipeline for extraction of important features so that new AMR determinants can be discovered by analyzing these features. This pipeline allows the construction of models that only use a small number of features and can predict resistance accurately.
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23
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Salam LB. Unravelling the antibiotic and heavy metal resistome of a chronically polluted soil. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:238. [PMID: 32405442 PMCID: PMC7205953 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic and heavy metal resistome of a chronically polluted soil (3S) obtained from an automobile workshop in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria was deciphered via functional annotation of putative ORFs (open reading frames). Functional annotation of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes in 3S metagenome was conducted using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD), Antibiotic Resistance Gene-annotation (ARG-ANNOT) and Antibacterial Biocide and Metal Resistance Gene Database (BacMet). Annotation revealed detection of resistance genes for 15 antibiotic classes with the preponderance of beta lactamases, mobilized colistin resistance determinant (mcr), glycopepetide and tetracycline resistance genes, the OqxBgb and OqxA RND-type multidrug efflux pumps, among others. The dominance of resistance genes for antibiotics effective against members of the Enterobacteriaceae indicate possible contamination with faecal materials. Annotation of heavy metal resistance genes revealed diverse resistance genes responsible for the uptake, transport, detoxification, efflux and regulation of copper, zinc, cadmium, nickel, chromium, cobalt, mercury, arsenic, iron, molybdenum and several others. Majority of the antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes detected in this study are borne on mobile genetic elements, which facilitate their spread and dissemination in the polluted soil. The presence of the heavy metal resistance genes is strongly believed to play a major role in the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes. This study has established that soil is a huge repertoire of antibiotic and heavy metal resistome and due to the intricate link between human, animals and the soil environment, it may be a major contributor to the proliferation of multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef Babatunde Salam
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Summit University, Offa, Kwara Nigeria
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24
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Casanova L, Hill V, Sobsey M. Antibiotic‐resistant
Salmonella
in swine wastes and farm surface waters. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:117-123. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Casanova
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - V.R. Hill
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - M.D. Sobsey
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
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25
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He P, Zhou Y, Shao L, Huang J, Yang Z, Lü F. The discrepant mobility of antibiotic resistant genes: Evidence from their spatial distribution in sewage sludge flocs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134176. [PMID: 31491625 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study stratified excess activated sludge from six municipal wastewater treatment plants into four extracellular fractions including supernatant, slime, slightly-bond extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) and tightly-bond EPS (TB-EPS) and one intracellular fraction (pellet) according to their different degrees of tight binding to sludge microbial aggregates and determined the abundance of seven antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (sul-I, sul-II, tet-C, tet-X, blaTEM, mefA and cat) and one mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (IntI-1) in each fraction. Extracellular ARGs were found to make up 0.1% - 74.2% of total ARGs, while the ratio of extracellular DNA to total DNA was only 1.2% - 4.2%, implying that EPS was a major ARG reservoir in sewage sludge. The genes of sul-I, tet-C and mefA have the highest mobility owing to a large proportion ranging from 0.5% to 32.7% in the fractions of LB-EPS, slime and supernatant, which indicates an increased risk of mediating the transfer of ARGs to environment. Comparatively, the proportion of blaTEM in the TB-EPS of sludge accounted for 0.3%-34.9% and caused limited-mobility. Sul-II, tet-X and cat and IntI-1, made up approximately 82.6% - 99.6% proportion in the cells, and were thus less mobile. This study proposes that ARGs and MGEs can have different mobilities. Those located in the outermost layers of sludge have a higher mobility potential of propagation into the natural environment during wastewater treatment and sludge utilization, leading to an increased risk of transferability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of P. R. China (MOHURD), Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of P. R. China (MOHURD), Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Figueroa J, Castro D, Lagos F, Cartes C, Isla A, Yáñez AJ, Avendaño-Herrera R, Haussmann D. Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with antibiotic resistance genes in Chilean Piscirickettsia salmonis strains. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:1645-1655. [PMID: 31591746 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aetiological agent of Piscirickettsiosis is Piscirickettsia salmonis, a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen, and high doses of antibiotics have regularly been employed to treat this infection. Seven florfenicol and/or oxytetracycline resistance genes (tet pump, tetE, Tclor/flor, Tbcr, TfloR, ompF and mdtN) were identified in strains by in silico genome analyses. Later, the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and its relationship with the resistance to these antibiotics were identified and analysed, using the original LF-89 strain as reference. Trials to determine and compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxytetracycline and florfenicol in each strain, as well as to quantify the gPCR transcripts levels in the selected genes, were performed. Therefore, variations in the resistance to both antibiotics were observed, where the strain with fewer SNPs showed the highest susceptibility. Consistently, the in silico 3D analyses of proteins encoded by the selected genes revealed structural changes, evident in the sequences with the highest number of SNPs. These results showed that the bacterial resistance to oxytetracycline was mainly linked to the presence of SNPs in relevant sites, antibiotic resistance genes and an OmpF porin, leading to important changes in the protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Figueroa
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Diana Castro
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Fernando Lagos
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Cartes
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Adolfo Isla
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Alejandro J Yáñez
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Rubén Avendaño-Herrera
- FONDAP Centre, Interdisciplinary Centre for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
- Laboratory of Pathology of Aquatic Organisms and Aquaculture Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Denise Haussmann
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Santo Tomás, Valdivia, Chile
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27
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Fewer DP, Metsä‐Ketelä M. A pharmaceutical model for the molecular evolution of microbial natural products. FEBS J 2019; 287:1429-1449. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Fewer
- Department of Microbiology University of Helsinki Finland
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28
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Zhang G, Sun K, Ai G, Li J, Tang N, Song Y, Wang C, Feng J. A novel family of intrinsic chloramphenicol acetyltransferase CATC in Vibrio parahaemolyticus: Naturally occurring variants reveal diverse resistance levels against chloramphenicol. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:75-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Lees NR, Han LC, Byrne MJ, Davies JA, Parnell AE, Moreland PEJ, Stach JEM, van der Kamp MW, Willis CL, Race PR. An Esterase-like Lyase Catalyzes Acetate Elimination in Spirotetronate/Spirotetramate Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2305-2309. [PMID: 30664319 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spirotetronate and spirotetramate natural products include a multitude of compounds with potent antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Their biosynthesis incorporates many unusual biocatalytic steps, including regio- and stereo-specific modifications, cyclizations promoted by Diels-Alderases, and acetylation-elimination reactions. Here we focus on the acetate elimination catalyzed by AbyA5, implicated in the formation of the key Diels-Alder substrate to give the spirocyclic system of the antibiotic abyssomicin C. Using synthetic substrate analogues, it is shown that AbyA5 catalyzes stereospecific acetate elimination, establishing the (R)-tetronate acetate as a biosynthetic intermediate. The X-ray crystal structure of AbyA5, the first of an acetate-eliminating enzyme, reveals a deviant acetyl esterase fold. Molecular dynamics simulations and enzyme assays show the use of a His-Ser dyad to catalyze either elimination or hydrolysis, via disparate mechanisms, under substrate control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Lees
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Li-Chen Han
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Matthew J Byrne
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Jonathan A Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Alice E Parnell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Pollyanna E J Moreland
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - James E M Stach
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Marc W van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Christine L Willis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Paul R Race
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
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30
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Lees NR, Han LC, Byrne MJ, Davies JA, Parnell AE, Moreland PEJ, Stach JEM, van der Kamp MW, Willis CL, Race PR. An Esterase-like Lyase Catalyzes Acetate Elimination in Spirotetronate/Spirotetramate Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Lees
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Li-Chen Han
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Matthew J. Byrne
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Jonathan A. Davies
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Alice E. Parnell
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Pollyanna E. J. Moreland
- School of Biology; Newcastle University; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU UK
- Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4AX UK
| | - James E. M. Stach
- School of Biology; Newcastle University; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU UK
- Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4AX UK
| | - Marc W. van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Christine L. Willis
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Paul R. Race
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
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31
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Alternative Biosynthetic Starter Units Enhance the Structural Diversity of Cyanobacterial Lipopeptides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02675-18. [PMID: 30504214 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02675-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Puwainaphycins (PUWs) and minutissamides (MINs) are structurally analogous cyclic lipopeptides possessing cytotoxic activity. Both types of compound exhibit high structural variability, particularly in the fatty acid (FA) moiety. Although a biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for synthesis of several PUW variants has been proposed in a cyanobacterial strain, the genetic background for MINs remains unexplored. Herein, we report PUW/MIN biosynthetic gene clusters and structural variants from six cyanobacterial strains. Comparison of biosynthetic gene clusters indicates a common origin of the PUW/MIN hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase. Surprisingly, the biosynthetic gene clusters encode two alternative biosynthetic starter modules, and analysis of structural variants suggests that initiation by each of the starter modules results in lipopeptides of differing lengths and FA substitutions. Among additional modifications of the FA chain, chlorination of minutissamide D was explained by the presence of a putative halogenase gene in the PUW/MIN gene cluster of Anabaena minutissima strain UTEX B 1613. We detected PUW variants bearing an acetyl substitution in Symplocastrum muelleri strain NIVA-CYA 644, consistent with an O-acetyltransferase gene in its biosynthetic gene cluster. The major lipopeptide variants did not exhibit any significant antibacterial activity, and only the PUW F variant was moderately active against yeast, consistent with previously published data suggesting that PUWs/MINs interact preferentially with eukaryotic plasma membranes.IMPORTANCE Herein, we deciphered the most important biosynthetic traits of a prominent group of bioactive lipopeptides. We reveal evidence for initiation of biosynthesis by two alternative starter units hardwired directly in the same gene cluster, eventually resulting in the production of a remarkable range of lipopeptide variants. We identified several unusual tailoring genes potentially involved in modifying the fatty acid chain. Careful characterization of these biosynthetic gene clusters and their diverse products could provide important insight into lipopeptide biosynthesis in prokaryotes. Some of the variants identified exhibit cytotoxic and antifungal properties, and some are associated with a toxigenic biofilm-forming strain. The findings may prove valuable to researchers in the fields of natural product discovery and toxicology.
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32
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Giannopoulou PC, Missiri DA, Kournoutou GG, Sazakli E, Papadopoulos GE, Papaioannou D, Dinos GP, Athanassopoulos CM, Kalpaxis DL. New Chloramphenicol Derivatives from the Viewpoint of Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8010009. [PMID: 30699905 PMCID: PMC6466596 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, we have been focused on chloramphenicol conjugates that combine in their structure chloramphenicol base with natural polyamines, spermine, spermidine and putrescine, and their modifications. Conjugate 3, with spermidine (SPD) as a natural polyamine linked to chloramphenicol base, showed the best antibacterial and anticancer properties. Using 3 as a prototype, we here explored the influence of the antibacterial and anticancer activity of additional benzyl groups on N1 amino moiety together with modifications of the alkyl length of the aminobutyl fragment of SPD. Our data demonstrate that the novel modifications did not further improve the antibacterial activity of the prototype. However, one of the novel conjugates (4) showed anticancer activity without affecting bacterial growth, thus emerging as a promising anticancer agent, with no adverse effects on bacterial microflora when taken orally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dionissia A Missiri
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Georgia G Kournoutou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Eleni Sazakli
- Laboratory of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Georgios E Papadopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, GR-41500 Larissa, Greece.
| | - Dionissios Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Dimitrios L Kalpaxis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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Agersø Y, Bjerre K, Brockmann E, Johansen E, Nielsen B, Siezen R, Stuer-Lauridsen B, Wels M, Zeidan AA. Putative antibiotic resistance genes present in extant Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus paralicheniformis strains are probably intrinsic and part of the ancient resistome. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210363. [PMID: 30645638 PMCID: PMC6333372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic testing of 104 strains of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus paralicheniformis from a variety of sources and time periods was used to characterize the genetic background and evolution of (putative) antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Core proteins were identified in draft genomes and a phylogenetic analysis based on single amino acid polymorphisms allowed the species to be separated into two phylogenetically distinct clades with one outlier. Putative antimicrobial resistance genes were identified and mapped. A chromosomal ermD gene was found at the same location in all B. paralichenformis and in 27% of B. licheniformis genomes. Erythromycin resistance correlated very well with the presence of ermD. The putative streptomycin resistance genes, aph and aadK, were found in the chromosome of all strains as adjacent loci. Variations in amino acid sequence did not correlate with streptomycin susceptibility although the species were less susceptible than other Bacillus species. A putative chloramphenicol resistance gene (cat), encoding a novel chloramphenicol acetyltransferase protein was also found in the chromosome of all strains. Strains encoding a truncated CAT protein were sensitive to chloramphenicol. For all four resistance genes, the diversity and genetic context followed the overall phylogenetic relationship. No potentially mobile genetic elements were detected in their vicinity. Moreover, the genes were only distantly related to previously-described cat, aph, aad and erm genes present on mobile genetic elements or in other species. Thus, these genes are suggested to be intrinsic to B. licheniformis and B. paralicheniformis and part of their ancient resistomes. Since there is no evidence supporting horizontal transmission, these genes are not expected to add to the pool of antibiotic resistance elements considered to pose a risk to human or animal health. Whole-genome based phylogenetic and sequence analysis, combined with phenotypic testing, is proposed to be suitable for determining intrinsic resistance and evolutionary relationships.
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Abstract
During the past decades resistance to virtually all antimicrobial agents has been observed in bacteria of animal origin. This chapter describes in detail the mechanisms so far encountered for the various classes of antimicrobial agents. The main mechanisms include enzymatic inactivation by either disintegration or chemical modification of antimicrobial agents, reduced intracellular accumulation by either decreased influx or increased efflux of antimicrobial agents, and modifications at the cellular target sites (i.e., mutational changes, chemical modification, protection, or even replacement of the target sites). Often several mechanisms interact to enhance bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents. This is a completely revised version of the corresponding chapter in the book Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria of Animal Origin published in 2006. New sections have been added for oxazolidinones, polypeptides, mupirocin, ansamycins, fosfomycin, fusidic acid, and streptomycins, and the chapters for the remaining classes of antimicrobial agents have been completely updated to cover the advances in knowledge gained since 2006.
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Louzoun Zada S, Green KD, Shrestha SK, Herzog IM, Garneau-Tsodikova S, Fridman M. Derivatives of Ribosome-Inhibiting Antibiotic Chloramphenicol Inhibit the Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cell Wall. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1121-1129. [PMID: 29714997 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe the preparation and evaluation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives of the bacterial translation inhibiting antibiotic chloramphenicol (CAM). Compared to the parent antibiotic, two compounds containing α,β-unsaturated ketones (1 and 4) displayed a broader spectrum of activity against a panel of Gram-positive pathogens with a minimum inhibitory concentration range of 2-32 μg/mL. Interestingly, unlike the parent CAM, these compounds do not inhibit bacterial translation. Microscopic evidence and metabolic labeling of a cell wall peptidoglycan suggested that compounds 1 and 4 caused extensive damage to the envelope of Staphylococcus aureus cells by inhibition of the early stage of cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Unlike the effect of membrane-disrupting antimicrobial cationic amphiphiles, these compounds did not rapidly permeabilize the bacterial membrane. Like the parent antibiotic CAM, compounds 1 and 4 had a bacteriostatic effect on S. aureus. Both compounds 1 and 4 were cytotoxic to immortalized nucleated mammalian cells; however, neither caused measurable membrane damage to mammalian red blood cells. These data suggest that the reported CAM-derived antimicrobial agents offer a new molecular scaffold for development of novel bacterial cell wall biosynthesis inhibiting antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Louzoun Zada
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Keith D. Green
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Sanjib K. Shrestha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Ido M. Herzog
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0596, United States
| | - Micha Fridman
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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Shentu X, Yao J, Yuan X, He L, Sun F, Ochi K, Yu X. Tri11, tri3, and tri4 genes are required for trichodermin biosynthesis of Trichoderma brevicompactum. AMB Express 2018; 8:58. [PMID: 29667033 PMCID: PMC5904096 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma brevicompactum and T. arundinaceum both can synthesize trichodermin with strong antifungal activity and high biotechnological value. The two Trichoderma species have a tri cluster, which includes seven genes (tri14, tri12, tri11, tri10, tri3, tri4, and tri6) that encode transport and regulatory enzymes required for the biosynthesis of trichodermin. Here, we isolated T. brevicompactum 0248 transformants with disrupted tri11, tri4, or tri3 gene. We also described the effect of tri11, tri3, or tri4 deletion on the expression of other genes in the tri cluster. Targeted Δtri3 knockout mutant exhibited a sharp decline in the production of trichodermin, and trichodermol, which is a substrate for trichodermin production, accumulated. Thus, the results demonstrated that tri3 was responsible for the biosynthesis of trichodermin, and the tri3 gene-encoded enzyme catalyzed the acetylation reaction of the hydroxy group at C-4 of the trichodermin skeleton. In addition, tri4 and tri11 deletion mutants were generated to evaluate the roles of tri4 and tri11 in trichodermin biosynthesis, respectively. Deletion mutant strain Δtri4 or Δtri11 did not produce trichodermin in T. brevicompactum, indicating that tri4 and tri11 are essential for trichodermin biosynthesis. This is the first to report the function of tri3, tri4 and tri11 in T. brevicompactum, although the role of tri4 and tri11 has already been described for T. arundinaceum by Cardoza et al. (Appl Environ Microbiol 77:4867-4877, 2011).
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Zhu Y, Gasilova N, Jović M, Qiao L, Liu B, Lovey LT, Pick H, Girault HH. Detection of antimicrobial resistance-associated proteins by titanium dioxide-facilitated intact bacteria mass spectrometry. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2212-2221. [PMID: 29719694 PMCID: PMC5897883 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04089j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide-modified target plates were developed to enhance intact bacteria analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The plates were designed to photocatalytically destroy the bacterial envelope structure and improve the ionization efficiency of intracellular components, thereby promoting the measurable mass range and the achievable detection sensitivity. Accordingly, a method for rapid detection of antimicrobial resistance-associated proteins, conferring bacterial resistance against antimicrobial drugs, was established by mass spectrometric fingerprinting of intact bacteria without the need for any sample pre-treatment. With this method, the variations in resistance proteins' expression levels within bacteria were quickly measured from the relative peak intensities. This approach of resistance protein detection directly from intact bacteria by mass spectrometry is useful for fast discrimination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from their non-resistant counterparts whilst performing species identification. Also, it could be used as a rapid and convenient way for initial determination of the underlying resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdi Zhu
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Rue de l'industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Switzerland .
| | - Natalia Gasilova
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Rue de l'industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Switzerland . .,ISIC-GE-VS , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Rue de l'industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Switzerland
| | - Milica Jović
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Rue de l'industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Switzerland .
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , Handan Road 220 , 200433 Shanghai , China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , Handan Road 220 , 200433 Shanghai , China
| | | | - Horst Pick
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biophysique des Macromolécules , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Hubert H Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Rue de l'industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Switzerland .
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Zhang W, Huffman J, Li S, Shen Y, Du L. Unusual acylation of chloramphenicol in Lysobacter enzymogenes, a biocontrol agent with intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:59. [PMID: 28676112 PMCID: PMC5496308 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The environmental gliding bacteria Lysobacter are emerging as a new group of biocontrol agents due to their prolific production of lytic enzymes and potent antibiotic natural products. These bacteria are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics, but the mechanisms behind the antibiotic resistance have not been investigated. Results Previously, we have used chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (cat) as a selection marker in genetic manipulation of natural product biosynthetic genes in Lysobacter, because chloramphenicol is one of the two common antibiotics that Lysobacter are susceptible to. Here, we found L. enzymogenes, the most studied species of this genus, could still grow in the presence of a low concentration of chloramphenicol. Three chloramphenicol derivatives (1–3) with an unusual acylation pattern were identified in a cat-containing mutant of L. enzymogenes and in the wild type. The compounds included chloramphenicol 3'-isobutyrate (1), a new compound chloramphenicol 1'-isobutyrate (2), and a rare chloramphenicol 3'-isovalerate (3). Furthermore, a mutation of a global regulator gene (clp) or a Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) gene in L. enzymogenes led to nearly no growth in media containing chloramphenicol, whereas a complementation of clp restored the chloramphenicol acylation as well as antibiotic HSAF production in the clp mutant. Conclusions The results indicated that L. enzymogenes contains a pool of unusual acyl donors for enzymatic modification of chloramphenicol that confers the resistance, which may involve the Clp-GNAT regulatory system. Because Lysobacter are ubiquitous inhabitants of soil and water, the finding may have important implications in understanding microbial competitions and bioactive natural product regulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0377-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, 266101, Qingdao, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
| | - Justin Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA
| | - Shengying Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, 266101, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuemao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Liangcheng Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304, USA. .,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Huang L, Yuan H, Liu MF, Zhao XX, Wang MS, Jia RY, Chen S, Sun KF, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen XY, Cheng AC, Zhu DK. Type B Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferases Are Responsible for Chloramphenicol Resistance in Riemerella anatipestifer, China. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:297. [PMID: 28298905 PMCID: PMC5331189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer causes serositis and septicaemia in domestic ducks, geese, and turkeys. Traditionally, the antibiotics were used to treat this disease. Currently, our understanding of R. anatipestifer susceptibility to chloramphenicol and the underlying resistance mechanism is limited. In this study, the cat gene was identified in 69/192 (36%) R. anatipestifer isolated from different regions in China, including R. anatipestifer CH-2 that has been sequenced in previous study. Sequence analysis suggested that there are two copies of cat gene in this strain. Only both two copies of the cat mutant strain showed a significant decrease in resistance to chloramphenicol, exhibiting 4 μg/ml in the minimum inhibitory concentration for this antibiotic, but not for the single cat gene deletion strains. Functional analysis of the cat gene via expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and in vitro site-directed mutagenesis indicated that His79 is the main catalytic residue of CAT in R. anatipestifer. These results suggested that chloramphenicol resistance of R. anatipestifer CH-2 is mediated by the cat genes. Finally, homology analysis of types A and B CATs indicate that R. anatipestifer comprises type B3 CATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China
| | - Ma-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Ming-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Ren-Yong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Kun-Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Chen
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China
| | - An-Chun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu, China
| | - De-Kang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
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Ji HF, Xiong L, Shi ZQ, He M, Zhao WF, Zhao CS. Engineering of hemocompatible and antifouling polyethersulfone membranes by blending with heparin-mimicking microgels. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:1112-1121. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00196g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing the hemocompatible and antifouling property of polyethersulfone membranes by blending with heparin-mimicking microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-feng Ji
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Lian Xiong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Zhen-qiang Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Min He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Wei-feng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Chang-sheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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Schwarz S, Shen J, Kadlec K, Wang Y, Brenner Michael G, Feßler AT, Vester B. Lincosamides, Streptogramins, Phenicols, and Pleuromutilins: Mode of Action and Mechanisms of Resistance. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016; 6:a027037. [PMID: 27549310 PMCID: PMC5088508 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a027037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lincosamides, streptogramins, phenicols, and pleuromutilins (LSPPs) represent four structurally different classes of antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to particular sites on the 50S ribosomal subunit of the ribosomes. Members of all four classes are used for different purposes in human and veterinary medicine in various countries worldwide. Bacteria have developed ways and means to escape the inhibitory effects of LSPP antimicrobial agents by enzymatic inactivation, active export, or modification of the target sites of the agents. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mode of action of LSPP antimicrobial agents as well as of the mutations and resistance genes known to confer resistance to these agents in various bacteria of human and animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kristina Kadlec
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Geovana Brenner Michael
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Andrea T Feßler
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 31535 Neustadt-Mariensee, Germany
| | - Birte Vester
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Young BH, Caldwell TA, McKenzie AM, Kokhan O, Berndsen CE. Characterization of the structure and catalytic activity of Legionella pneumophila VipF. Proteins 2016; 84:1422-30. [PMID: 27315603 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic bacteria Legionella pneumophila is known to cause Legionnaires' Disease, a severe pneumonia that can be fatal to immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. Shohdy et al. identified the L. pneumophila vacuole sorting inhibitory protein VipF as a putative N-acetyltransferase based on sequence homology. We have characterized the basic structural and functional properties of VipF to confirm this original functional assignment. Sequence conservation analysis indicates two putative CoA-binding regions within VipF. Homology modeling and small angle X-ray scattering suggest a monomeric, dual-domain structure joined by a flexible linker. Each domain contains the characteristic beta-splay motif found in many acetyltransferases, suggesting that VipF may contain two active sites. Docking experiments suggest reasonable acetyl-CoA binding locations within each beta-splay motif. Broad substrate screening indicated that VipF is capable of acetylating chloramphenicol and both domains are catalytically active. Given that chloramphenicol is not known to be N-acetylated, this is a surprising finding suggesting that VipF is capable of O-acetyltransferase activity. Proteins 2016; 84:1422-1430. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron H Young
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807
| | - Tracy A Caldwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807
| | - Aidan M McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807
| | - Oleksandr Kokhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807
| | - Christopher E Berndsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, 22807.
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Roberts MC, Schwarz S. Tetracycline and Phenicol Resistance Genes and Mechanisms: Importance for Agriculture, the Environment, and Humans. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2016; 45:576-592. [PMID: 27065405 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2015.04.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have speculated on the future impact that antibiotic-resistant bacteria will have on food production, human health, and global economics. This review examines microbial resistance to tetracyclines and phenicols, antibiotics that are widely used in global food production. The mechanisms of resistance, mode of spread between agriculturally and human-impacted environments and ecosystems, distribution among bacteria, and the genes most likely to be associated with agricultural and environmental settings are included. Forty-six different tetracycline resistance () genes have been identified in 126 genera, with (M) having the broadest taxonomic distribution among all bacteria and (B) having the broadest coverage among the Gram-negative genera. Phenicol resistance genes are organized into 37 groups and have been identified in 70 bacterial genera. The review provides the latest information on tetracycline and phenicol resistance genes, including their association with mobile genetic elements in bacteria of environmental, medical, and veterinary relevance. Knowing what specific antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) are found in specific bacterial species and/or genera is critical when using a selective suite of ARGs for detection or surveillance studies. As detection methods move to molecular techniques, our knowledge about which type of bacteria carry which resistance gene(s) will become more important to ensure that the whole spectrum of bacteria are included in future surveillance studies. This review provides information needed to integrate the biology, taxonomy, and ecology of tetracycline- and phenicol-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes so that informative surveillance strategies can be developed and the correct genes selected.
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Naamala J, Jaiswal SK, Dakora FD. Antibiotics Resistance in Rhizobium: Type, Process, Mechanism and Benefit for Agriculture. Curr Microbiol 2016; 72:804-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-016-1005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Liger F, Bouhours P, Ganem-Elbaz C, Jolivalt C, Pellet-Rostaing S, Popowycz F, Paris JM, Lemaire M. C2 Arylated Benzo[b]thiophene Derivatives asStaphylococcus aureusNorA Efflux Pump Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:320-30. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Liger
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement; CNRS-UMR 5246; L'Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS); 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Pascale Bouhours
- Laboratoire Charles Friedel; CNRS-UMR 7223; Chimie ParisTech; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Carine Ganem-Elbaz
- Laboratoire Charles Friedel; CNRS-UMR 7223; Chimie ParisTech; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Claude Jolivalt
- Laboratoire Charles Friedel; CNRS-UMR 7223; Chimie ParisTech; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Stéphane Pellet-Rostaing
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement; CNRS-UMR 5246; L'Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS); 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon; ICBMS, CNRS-UMR 5246, Equipe Chimie Organique et Bioorganique; 20 Avenue Albert Einstein 69621 Villeurbanne France
| | - Jean-Marc Paris
- Laboratoire Charles Friedel; CNRS-UMR 7223; Chimie ParisTech; 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Marc Lemaire
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement; CNRS-UMR 5246; L'Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS); 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
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Makita K, Goto M, Ozawa M, Kawanishi M, Koike R, Asai T, Tamura Y. Multivariable Analysis of the Association Between Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance inEscherichia coliIsolated from Apparently Healthy Pigs in Japan. Microb Drug Resist 2016; 22:28-39. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Makita
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Division of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Masaki Goto
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Division of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Manao Ozawa
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Kokubunji-shi, Japan
| | | | - Ryoji Koike
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Kokubunji-shi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asai
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Kokubunji-shi, Japan
- Department of Applied Veterinary Science, The United Graduated School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Yanagido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Food Hygiene, Division of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
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Titilawo Y, Obi L, Okoh A. Antimicrobial resistance determinants of Escherichia coli isolates recovered from some rivers in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria: Implications for public health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 523:82-94. [PMID: 25862994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The inevitable development of resistance has sunk the great success achieved in the discovery of antimicrobial agents and dashed the hope of man in the recovery from infections and illnesses, as diseases and disease agents that were once thought to be controlled by antimicrobials are now re-emerging in new leagues resistance to therapy. A total of 300 PCR confirmed Escherichia coli isolates recovered from different river sources in Osun State, Nigeria were evaluated for their antibiogram profiling by the disc diffusion method and the resistant isolates were further profiled for their genotypic antimicrobial resistance determinants by polymerase chain reaction assays. Among the 20 antimicrobials selected from 10 families, resistance among sulfonamides, β-lactams and tetracyclines were found to be most frequent than phenicols and aminoglycosides with a noticeable increase in the number of multi-drug resistance ranging from three to nine antimicrobials. A total of 19 resistance determinants were assessed with their prevalence and distributions obtained as follows; [sulfonamides sulI (8%), sulII (41%)], [β-lactams; ampC 22%; blaTEM, (21%), and blaZ (18%),], [tetracyclines tetA (24%), tetB (23%), tetC (18%), tetD (78%), tetK (15%), and tetM, (10%)], [phenicols; catI (37%), catII (28%), and cmIA1 (19%)] and [aminoglycosides; aacC2 (8%), aphA1 (80%), aphA2 (80%), aadA (79%) and strA (38%)]. The Pearson chi-square exact test revealed many strong significant associations among ampC, blaTEM, blaZ and tetA genes with some determinants screened. The findings signify high increase in the prevalence of multidrug resistant E. coli isolates and resistance determinants indicating increased public health risks associated with the ingestion of waters from untreated sources. Hence, a necessity for safe water supply, provision of proper sanitation facilities and good surveillance programmes to monitor antimicrobial resistance patterns in water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinka Titilawo
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Larry Obi
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony Okoh
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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Mosa A, Hutter MC, Zapp J, Bernhardt R, Hannemann F. Regioselective Acetylation of C21 Hydroxysteroids by the Bacterial Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase I. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1670-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Soblosky L, Ramamoorthy A, Chen Z. Membrane interaction of antimicrobial peptides using E. coli lipid extract as model bacterial cell membranes and SFG spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 187:20-33. [PMID: 25707312 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers are used as a convenient model cell membrane system to study biologically important molecule-lipid interactions in situ. However, the lipid bilayer models are often simple and the acquired results with these models may not provide all pertinent information related to a real cell membrane. In this work, we use sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy to study molecular-level interactions between the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) MSI-594, ovispirin-1 G18, magainin 2 and a simple 1,2-dipalmitoyl-d62-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (dDPPG)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG) bilayer. We compared such interactions to those between the AMPs and a more complex dDPPG/Escherichia coli (E. coli) polar lipid extract bilayer. We show that to fully understand more complex aspects of peptide-bilayer interaction, such as interaction kinetics, a heterogeneous lipid composition is required, such as the E. coli polar lipid extract. The discrepancy in peptide-bilayer interaction is likely due in part to the difference in bilayer charge between the two systems since highly negative charged lipids can promote more favorable electrostatic interactions between the peptide and lipid bilayer. Results presented in this paper indicate that more complex model bilayers are needed to accurately analyze peptide-cell membrane interactions and demonstrates the importance of using an appropriate lipid composition to study AMP interaction properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Soblosky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Wang D, Liang H, Chen J, Mou Y, Qi Y. Structural and Environmental Features of NovelMdfAVariant andMdfAGenes in Recombinant Regions ofEscherichia coli. Microb Drug Resist 2014; 20:392-8. [PMID: 24684286 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2013.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dongguo Wang
- Department of Clinical Lab Medicine, Taizhou University affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Molecular Diagnostics of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou University affiliated Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Lab Medicine, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Molecular Diagnostics of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yonghua Mou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yongxiao Qi
- Department of Lab Medicine, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Molecular Diagnostics of Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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