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Ma B, Wang D, Chen X, Wang Q, Zhang T, Wen R, Yang M, Li C, Lei C, Wang H. Dietary α-linolenic acid supplementation enhances resistance to Salmonella Typhimurium challenge in chickens by altering the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and cecal microbes. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127773. [PMID: 38833830 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella is an important foodborne pathogen. Given the ban on the use of antibiotics during the egg-laying period in China, finding safe and effective alternatives to antibiotics to reduce Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infections in chickens is essential for the prevention and control of this pathogen and the protection of human health. Numerous studies have shown that unsaturated fatty acids have a positive effect on intestinal inflammation and resistance to infection by intestinal pathogens. Here we investigated the protective effect of α-linolenic acid (ALA) against S. Typhimurium infection in chickens and further explored its mechanism of action. We added different proportions of ALA to the feed and observed the effect of ALA on S. Typhimurium colonization using metagenomic sequencing technology and physiological index measurements. The role of gut flora on S. Typhimurium colonization was subsequently verified by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We found that ALA protects chickens from S. Typhimurium infection by reducing intestinal inflammation through remodeling the gut microbiota, up-regulating the expression of ileocecal barrier-related genes, and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. Our data suggest that supplementation of feed with ALA may be an effective strategy to alleviate S. Typhimurium infection in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boheng Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - De Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Renqiao Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changwei Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongning Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Chen S, Liu H, Yan C, Li Y, Xiao J, Zhao X. Fecal microbiota transplantation provides insights into the consequences of transcriptome profiles and cell energy in response to circadian misalignment of chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103926. [PMID: 38964253 PMCID: PMC11278332 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian misalignment (CM) disordered circadian rhythms exert adverse effects on animals. Poultry as one of animals suffers health and welfare problems due to long-term lighting photoperiods caused by CM. However, the roles of CM on organ development, cell growth, metabolism and immune are still unclear in chickens. In this study, a Chinese dual-purpose native breed, was used to explore the effects of CM on transcriptomic pattern of brain and cell energy biogenesis, and further fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was applied to investigate its "therapy" effect from CM suffering. Our results showed that the CM led to stunting in brain and small intestine of chicken. CM decreased of cell proliferation, and energy production, mtDNA copies and expression of genes related to cell cycle or mitochondrial biogenetics, while it upregulated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the sensitivity to inflammation. Interestingly, FMT rescued the organ developmental defects and cell dysfunctions induced by CM. Circadian misalignment brought about abnormal tissue and cell developments, energy biogenesis, and immune response in birds. This study provided a comprehensive perspective on understanding the regulation of CM and FMT on bird development and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yushan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jinlong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li F, Chen X, Xu X, Wang L, Yan J, Yu Y, Shan X, Zhang R, Xing H, Zhang T, Pan S. Alterations of intestinal mucosal barrier, cecal microbiota diversity, composition, and metabolites of yellow-feathered broilers under chronic corticosterone-induced stress: a possible mechanism underlying the anti-growth performance and glycolipid metabolism disorder. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0347323. [PMID: 38497712 PMCID: PMC11064513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03473-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore alterations in growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorders, intestinal mucosal barrier, cecal microbiota community, and metabolites in a chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced stress (CCIS) broiler model. Results showed that compared with control (CON) broilers, in CCIS broilers: (i) the final body weight (BW), BW gain, and average daily gain were significantly reduced. (ii) The glycolipid metabolism disorder and impairement of intestinal immune barrier and physical barrier function were observed. (iii) Diversity and richness of cecal microbiota were obviously increased. From phylum to genus level, the abundances of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium were significantly decreased, while the abundances of Proteobacteria, RuminococcaceaeUCG-005, and Escherichia coli (Shigella) were significantly increased. Microbial network analysis and function pathways prediction showed that cecal microbiota was mainly concentrated in translation, metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and endocrine system. (iv) The main differential metabolites identified include steroids and their derivatives, amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates; among which 37 metabolites were significantly upregulated, while 27 metabolites were significantly downregulated. These differential metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways related to steroid hormone biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. (v) Correlation between cecal microbiota and glycolipid metabolism indexes showed that BW and total cholesterol (TC) were positively correlated with Christensenellaceae_R.7_group and Escherichia_Shigella, respectively. Furthermore, the downregulated Faecalibacterium and Christensenellaceae were negatively correlated with the upregulated differentially expressed metabolites. These findings suggested that CCIS altered cecal microbiota composition and metabolites, which led to glycolipid metabolism disorder and impaired the nutritional metabolism and immune homeostasis, providing a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the harm of chronic stress to human health and animal production. IMPORTANCE The study aimed to determine the influence of altered intestinal mucosal barrier, cecum flora community, and metabolites on anti-growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorders of chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced stress (CCIS) broilers. Compared with control (CON) broilers, in CCIS broilers: (i) anti-growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorder, and impaired intestinal immune barrier and physical barrier function were observed. (ii) From phylum to genus level, the abundances of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium were decreased; whereas, the abundances of Proteobacteria, RuminococcaceaeUCG-005, and Escherichia coli (Shigella) were increased. (iii) Differential metabolites in cecum were mainly enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. (iv) Body weight (BW) and total cholesterol (TC) were positively correlated with Christensenellaceae_R.7_group and Escherichia_Shigella, respectively, while downregulated Faecalibacterium and Christensenellaceae were negatively correlated with upregulated metabolites. Our findings suggest that CCIS induces anti-growth performance and glycolipid metabolism disorder by altering cecum flora and metabolites, providing a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the effect of chronic stress on human health and animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichen Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tangjie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shifeng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Taiwo G, Morenikeji OB, Idowu M, Sidney T, Adekunle A, Cervantes AP, Peters S, Ogunade IM. Characterization of rumen microbiome and immune genes expression of crossbred beef steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotypes. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:245. [PMID: 38443809 PMCID: PMC10913640 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated whole blood and hepatic mRNA expressions of immune genes and rumen microbiome of crossbred beef steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotype to identify relevant biological processes underpinning feed efficiency in beef cattle. Low-RFI beef steers (n = 20; RFI = - 1.83 kg/d) and high-RFI beef steers (n = 20; RFI = + 2.12 kg/d) were identified from a group of 108 growing crossbred beef steers (average BW = 282 ± 30.4 kg) fed a high-forage total mixed ration after a 70-d performance testing period. At the end of the 70-d testing period, liver biopsies and blood samples were collected for total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. Rumen fluid samples were also collected for analysis of the rumen microbial community. The mRNA expression of 84 genes related to innate and adaptive immunity was analyzed using pathway-focused PCR-based arrays. Differentially expressed genes were determined using P-value ≤ 0.05 and fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5 (in whole blood) or ≥ 2.0 (in the liver). Gene ontology analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that pathways related to pattern recognition receptor activity, positive regulation of phagocytosis, positive regulation of vitamin metabolic process, vascular endothelial growth factor production, positive regulation of epithelial tube formation and T-helper cell differentiation were significantly enriched (FDR < 0.05) in low-RFI steers. In the rumen, the relative abundance of PeH15, Arthrobacter, Moryella, Weissella, and Muribaculaceae was enriched in low-RFI steers, while Methanobrevibacter, Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group, Bacteroides and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were reduced. In conclusion, our study found that low-RFI beef steers exhibit increased mRNA expression of genes related to immune cell functions in whole blood and liver tissues, specifically those involved in pathogen recognition and phagocytosis regulation. Additionally, these low-RFI steers showed differences in the relative abundance of some microbial taxa which may partially account for their improved feed efficiency compared to high-RFI steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godstime Taiwo
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Olanrewaju B Morenikeji
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh at Bradford, 300 Campus Drive, 16701, Bradford, PA, USA.
| | - Modoluwamu Idowu
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Taylor Sidney
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ajiboye Adekunle
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Sunday Peters
- Department of Animal Science, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA, USA
| | - Ibukun M Ogunade
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, 26505, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Ye W, Fan J, Wu W, Chen Z, Huang Q, Qian L. Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on metabolic health of DBA mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1352555. [PMID: 38444807 PMCID: PMC10912182 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1352555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Numerous studies have demonstrated that C57BL/6 mice exhibit superior growth rates and overall growth performance compared to DBA mice. To investigate whether this discrepancy in growth performance is linked to the composition of gut microorganisms, we conducted fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) experiments. Methods Specifically, we transplanted fecal fluids from adult C57BL/6 mice, high-fat C57BL/6 mice, and Wistar rats into weaned DBA mice (0.2mL/d), and subsequently analyzed their gut contents and gene expression through 16S rRNA sequencing and transcriptome sequencing. During the test period, C57BL/6 mice and Wistar rats were provided with a normal diet, and high-fat C57BL/6 mice were provided with a high-fat diet. Results The results of our study revealed that mice receiving FMT from all three donor groups exhibited significantly higher daily weight gain and serum triglyceride (TG) levels compared to mice of CK group. 16S rRNA sequensing unveiled substantial differences in the abundance and function of the gut microbiota between the FMT groups and the CK group. Transcriptome analysis revealed a total of 988 differential genes, consisting of 759 up-regulated genes and 187 down-regulated genes, between the three experimental groups and the CK group. Functional Gene Ontology (GO) annotation suggested that these genes were primarily linked to lipid metabolism, coagulation, and immunity. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the differential genes and clusters, and it revealed significant correlations, mainly related to processes such as fatty acid metabolism, fat digestion and absorption, and cholesterol metabolism. Discussion In summary, FMT from dominant strains improved the growth performance of DBA mice, including body weight gain, institutional growth, and immune performance. This change may be due to the increase of probiotic content in the intestinal tract by FMT and subsequent alteration of intestinal gene expression. However, the effects of cross-species fecal transplantation on the intestinal flora and gene expression of recipient mice were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghui Fan
- Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenzi Wu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Qixin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Ruiz A, Gisbert E, Andree KB. Impact of the diet in the gut microbiota after an inter-species microbial transplantation in fish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4007. [PMID: 38369563 PMCID: PMC10874947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inter-species microbial transplantations offer the possibility of transferring species-specific microbes and their associated functionality. As a conceptual approach, an intestinal microbiota transplant (IMT) between two marine carnivorous fish species that thrive in different environmental conditions was conducted: from donor Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to recipient gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), after obliterating its basal microbiota with an antibiotic treatment. To confirm that the gut microbiota was able to recover after antibiotics without the influence of the diet, a group of gilthead seabream not submitted to the IMT was kept fasted as an internal control. To assess the effect of the diet after the IMT, two groups of gilthead seabream were respectively fed with their typical diet and with Atlantic salmon diet. At 36 days post-IMT, the gut of the individuals fed with their typical diet was dominated by the feed-associated bacteria, while those fed with the salmon diet had developed a unique microbiota from the convergence of the diet, donor, and recipient microbiota. These results suggested that an intestinal microbiota transplantation may be effective if the basal microbiota from the gut is first cleared and a targeted dietary modification is provided to maintain and enrich the novel bacteria species over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ruiz
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, Crta. Poble Nou, km 5.5, 43540, La Ràpita, Spain.
| | - Enric Gisbert
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, Crta. Poble Nou, km 5.5, 43540, La Ràpita, Spain
| | - Karl B Andree
- Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, Crta. Poble Nou, km 5.5, 43540, La Ràpita, Spain
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Zhang M, Li D, Yang X, Wei F, Wen Q, Feng Y, Jin X, Liu D, Guo Y, Hu Y. Integrated multi-omics reveals the roles of cecal microbiota and its derived bacterial consortium in promoting chicken growth. mSystems 2023; 8:e0084423. [PMID: 38018992 PMCID: PMC10734529 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00844-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The improvement of chicken growth performance is one of the major concerns for the poultry industry. Gut microbes are increasingly evidenced to be associated with chicken physiology and metabolism, thereby influencing chicken growth and development. Here, through integrated multi-omics analyses, we showed that chickens from the same line differing in their body weight were very different in their gut microbiota structure and host-microbiota crosstalk; microbes in high body weight (HBW) chickens contributed to chicken growth by regulating the gut function and homeostasis. We also verified that a specific bacterial consortium consisting of isolates from the HBW chickens has the potential to be used as chicken growth promoters. These findings provide new insights into the potential links between gut microbiota and chicken phenotypes, shedding light on future manipulation of chicken gut microbiota to improve chicken growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Depeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuxiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Song Y, Yu J, Wang B, Wen Q, Zhong Y, Wu M, Zheng X. Effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on early intestinal immune function and histomorphology of immune organs in chicks. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:ovad140. [PMID: 38111204 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota drives the maturation of the immune system, which is essential for maintaining lifetime homeostasis. Whether fecal microbiota transplantation can promote the development of the immune system in chicks? On days 1, 3, and 5, the post-hatch Hy-line Brown chicks were treated with fecal suspension from breeding hens. Intestinal length, blood biochemical indicators, the morphology of immune organs, and intestinal immunity-related indicators were focused on days 7 and 14. Short-chain fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. We discovered that fecal microbial transplantation significantly increased the area of the follicles and medulla from the bursa of Fabricius, as well as the area of the medulla, cortex, and both ratios from the thymus on 14 d, the concentration of butyric acid in feces, the levels of immunologically active substances (transforming growth factor-β, interleukin 10, forkhead box protein P3, G-Protein Coupled Receptor 43, immunoglobulin A, etc.) in serum or the intestine, and the number of goblet cells. Correlation analysis indicated that short-chain fatty acids, as metabolites of the gut microbiota, were correlated with intestinal immunity. In short, fecal microbiota transplantation regulated early intestinal immunity, which provided the possibility for the processing and utilization of gut microbiota as germplasm resources. IMPACT STATEMENT Modern management of eggs causes the normal vertical transmission of microbiota from hens to be significantly reduced. The risk of environmental threats to newborn chicks is raised. The microbial community helps to mature the immune system of chicks and protect them from pathogen invasion. We still have doubts about whether transplanting the microbiota can regulate gut immunity. Using the gut microbiota of hens as an excellent resource to improve the immunity of chicks may provide new ideas for the development of the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Jing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Baolin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Qiongyi Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Yue Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130118, China
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Chen C, Chen W, Ding H, Wu P, Zhang G, Xie K, Zhang T. High-fat diet-induced gut microbiota alteration promotes lipogenesis by butyric acid/miR-204/ACSS2 axis in chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102856. [PMID: 37390560 PMCID: PMC10331483 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is known to have significant involvement in the regulation of lipogenesis and adipogenesis, yet the mechanisms responsible for this relationship remain poorly understood. The current study aims to provide insight into the potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota modulates lipogenesis in chickens. Using chickens fed with a normal-fat diet (NFD, n = 5) and high-fat diet (HFD, n = 5), we analyzed the correlation between gut microbiota, cecal metabolomics, and lipogenesis by 16s rRNA sequencing, miRNA and mRNA sequencing as well as targeted metabolomics analysis. The potential metabolite/miRNA/mRNA axis regulated by gut microbiota was identified using chickens treated with antibiotics (ABX, n = 5). The possible mechanism of gut microbiota regulating chicken lipogenesis was confirmed by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from chickens fed with NFD to chickens fed with HFD (n = 5). The results showed that HFD significantly altered gut microbiota composition and enhanced chicken lipogenesis, with a significant correlation between 3. Furthermore, HFD significantly altered the hepatic miRNA expression profiles and reduced the abundance of hepatic butyric acid. Procrustes analysis indicated that the HFD-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota might affect the expression profiles of hepatic miRNA. Specifically, HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis may reduce the abundance of butyric acid and downregulate the expression of miR-204 in the liver. Multiomics analysis identified ACSS2 as a target gene of miR-204. Gut microbiota depletion by an antibiotic cocktail (ABX) showed a gut microbiota-dependent manner in the abundance of butyric acid and the expression of miR-204/ACSS2, which have been observed to be significantly correlated. Fecal microbiota transplantation from NFD chickens into HFD chickens effectively attenuated the HFD-induced excessive lipogenesis, elevated the abundance of butyric acid and the relative expression of miR-204, and reduced the expression of ACSS2 in the liver. Mechanistically, our results showed that the gut microbiota plays an antiobesity role by regulating the butyric acid/miR-204/ACSS2 axis in chickens. This work contributed to a better understanding of the functions of gut microbiota in regulating chicken lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hao Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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10
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Jiang Q, Xie C, Chen L, Xiao H, Xie Z, Zhu X, Ma L, Yan X. Identification of gut microbes associated with feed efficiency by daily-phase feeding strategy in growing-finishing pigs. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 12:42-53. [PMID: 36381065 PMCID: PMC9647424 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Feed efficiency is one of the most important issues for sustainable pig production. Daily-phase feeding (DPF) is a form of precision feeding that could improve feed efficiency in pigs. Gut microbiota can regulate host nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. However, which key microbes may play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency during DPF remains unclear. In the present study, we used a DPF program compared to a three-phase feeding (TPF) program in growing-finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gut microbiota on feed efficiency. A total of 204 Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (75 d) were randomly assigned into 2 treatments. Each treatment was replicated 8 times with 13 to 15 pigs per replicate pen. Pigs in the TPF group were fed with a commercial feeding program that supplied fixed feed for phases I, II, and III, starting at 81, 101, and 132 d of age, respectively, and pigs in the DPF group were fed a blend of adjacent phase feed from 81 to 155 d at a gradual daily ratio and phase III feed from 155 to 180 d of age. Daily feed intake and body weight were recorded by a computerized device in the feeders. Feces and blood samples were collected from 1 pig per replicate at 155 and 180 d of age. The results showed that the DPF program remarkably improved the feed efficiency at 155 d (P < 0.001) and 180 d of age (P < 0.001), with a significant reduction of the intake of crude protein (P < 0.01), net energy (P < 0.001), crude fiber (P < 0.001), ether extract (P < 0.01), and ash (P < 0.001). The daily-phase feeding program increased the abundance of Prevotella copri (P < 0.05) and Paraprevotella clara (P < 0.05), while it decreased the abundance of Ocilibacter (P < 0.05) at 155 d of age. The results of correlation analysis indicated that the differentially abundant microbiota communities were closely associated with 20 metabolites which enriched amino acid and phenylalanine metabolism. Our results suggest that 2 key microbes may contribute to feed efficiency during daily-phase feeding strategies in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunlin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hongli Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhilian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Libao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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11
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Gut Microbiota, Intestinal Morphometric Characteristics, and Gene Expression in Relation to the Growth Performance of Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243474. [PMID: 36552394 PMCID: PMC9774407 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
this study aimed to investigate the growth mechanism in a local breed of chickens by comparing the highest weight (HW) and the lowest weight in their microbiota, histological characteristics, and gene expression. Golden Montazah chickens, an Egyptian breed, were reared until they were 49 days old. All of the birds were fed ad libitum by a starter diet from day 1 until day 21, followed by a grower diet from day 21 to the end of the study. At 49 days old, the forty-eight birds with the heaviest body weight (HW) and the lightest body weight (LW) were chosen. Blood biochemical and histological morphometric parameters, electron microscopy, and intestinal nutrient transporter gene expression were studied in the sampled jejunum. The microbial composition and functions of the content and mucosa in HW and LW chickens were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The histological morphometric parameters were all more significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the HW chickens than in the LW chickens. Total protein, albumin, and triglycerides in serum were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the HW chickens than in the LW chickens. The microbiome profile in the gut showed that Microbacterium and Sphingomonas were positively correlated with the body weights. In the local breed, there were significant differences in the intestinal microstructure which could enhance the growth mechanism and body weight. Our findings showed that some microbial components were significantly associated with body weight and their interactions with the host could be inferred to explain why these interactions might alter the host’s metabolic responses. Further investigation into combining bioinformatics with lab experiments in chickens will help us to understand how gut bacteria can change the host’s metabolism by special metabolic features in the gastrointestinal system.
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12
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Elokil AA, Chen W, Mahrose K, Elattrouny MM, Abouelezz KFM, Ahmad HI, Liu HZ, Elolimy AA, Mandouh MI, Abdelatty AM, Li S. Early life microbiota transplantation from highly feed-efficient broiler improved weight gain by reshaping the gut microbiota in laying chicken. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1022783. [PMID: 36466637 PMCID: PMC9715608 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1022783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Starting phase of laying chicken life is the building stone for rearing and production stages. Since, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) regulates the gut microbial diversity and affects the productive performance of the bird. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of FMT from feed-efficient broiler chicken could program the diversity of gut microbiota and growth of recipient native slow growing egg-laying chicks. For this, a total of 150 (one-day-old) Jing Hong chicks were randomly assigned into two groups, each group consisted of 5 replicates (n = 15 bird/ replicate). The control group (CON) and FMT recipient birds (FMT) fed on basal diet, the FMT group received an oral daily dose of FMT prepared from Cobb-500 chickens. The FMT performed from the 1d to 28d of age, through the experimental period, feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly. At the end of a 28-day trial, carcass traits were assessed and cecal samples were collected for microbiome assessment via 16S rRNA-based metagenomic analysis to characterize the diversity and functions of microbial communities. The data were statistically analyzed using R software. Body weight and body weight gain increased, and FCR decreased (p = 0.01) in FMT group. The relative abundance of Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio were increased due to FMT administration (p = 0.01). A higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Bifidobacterium were presented in the FMT group. Meanwhile, Enterococcus, Helicobacter, and Bacteroides were more abundant in the CON group (p < 0.01). Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways for microbial functions regarding amino acid metabolism, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and enzyme families, cofactors, and vitamins were significantly annotated in the FMT group. Overall, FMT administration from the donor of highly feed-efficient broilers improved weight gain by reshaping a distinct gut microbiome, which may be related to the metabolism and health in the recipients laying chicks, providing new insight on the application of the FMT technique for early life programming of laying chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmotaleb A. Elokil
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Mushthar, Egypt
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, China
| | - Khalid Mahrose
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Elattrouny
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Mushthar, Egypt
| | - Khaled F. M. Abouelezz
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hua-Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ahmed A. Elolimy
- Department of Animal Production, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I. Mandouh
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alzahraa M. Abdelatty
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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13
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Li P, Gao M, Fu J, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Yan S, Lv Z, Guo Y. Construction of low intestinal bacteria model and its effect on laying performance and immune function of laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102327. [PMID: 36812879 PMCID: PMC9975688 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish a low-bacteria intestinal model in chickens, and then to investigate the characteristics involving in immune function and intestinal environment of this model. A total of 180 twenty-one-week-old Hy-line gray layers were randomly allocated into 2 treatment groups. Hens were fed with a basic diet (Control), or an antibiotic combination diet (ABS) for 5 weeks. Results showed that the total bacteria in the ileal chyme were significantly dropped after ABS treatment. Compared with the Control group, the genus-level bacteria such as Romboutsia, Enterococcus, and Aeriscardovia were reduced in the ileal chyme of the ABS group (P < 0.05). In addition, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_delbrueckii, Lactobacillus_aviarius, Lactobacillus_gasseri, and Lactobacillus_agilis in the ileal chyme were also descended (P < 0.05). However, Lactobacillus_coleohominis, Lactobacillus_salivarius, and Lolium_perenne were elevated in the ABS group (P < 0.05). Beyond that, ABS treatment decreased the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and β-defensin 1 in the serum, as well as the number of goblet cells in the ileal villi (P < 0.05). Additionally, the genes mRNA levels of the ileum such as Mucin2, Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), NF-κB, IL-1β, Interferon-gama (IFN-γ), IL-4 and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 were also down-regulated in the ABS group (P < 0.05). In addition, there were no significant changes about egg production rate and egg quality in the ABS group. In conclusion, dietary supplemental antibiotic combination for 5 weeks could establish a low intestinal bacteria model of hens. The establishment of a low intestinal bacteria model did not affect the egg-laying performance, while caused immune suppression in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiahuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yizhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaojia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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14
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Cheng J, Zhang X, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhao Y, Xu D, Zhao L, Li W, Wang J, Zhou B, Lin C, Yang X, Zhai R, Cui P, Zeng X, Huang Y, Ma Z, Liu J, Wang W. Sheep fecal transplantation affects growth performance in mouse models by altering gut microbiota. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:skac303. [PMID: 36075210 PMCID: PMC9667978 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal growth traits are important and complex traits that determine the productivity of animal husbandry. There are many factors that affect growth traits, among which diet digestion is the key factor. In the process of animal digestion and absorption, the role of gastrointestinal microbes is essential. In this study, we transplanted two groups of sheep intestinal microorganisms with different body weights into the intestines of mice of the same age to observe the effect of fecal bacteria transplantation on the growth characteristics of the mouse model. The results showed that receiving fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) had an effect on the growth traits of recipient mice (P < 0.05). Interestingly, only mice receiving high-weight donor microorganisms showed differences. Use 16S rDNA sequencing technology to analyze the stool microorganisms of sheep and mice. The microbial analysis of mouse feces showed that receiving FMT could improve the diversity and richness of microorganisms (P < 0.05), and the microbial composition of mouse feces receiving low-weight donor microorganisms was similar to that of the control group, which was consistent with the change trend of growth traits. The feces of high-weight sheep may have higher colonization ability. The same five biomarkers were identified in the donor and recipient, all belonging to Firmicutes, and were positively correlated with the body weight of mice at each stage. These results suggest that FMT affects the growth traits of receptors by remodeling their gut microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Deyin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Bubo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Changchun Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Rui Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Panpan Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiwen Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Zongwu Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China
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15
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Zaytsoff SJM, Montina T, Boras VF, Brassard J, Moote PE, Uwiera RRE, Inglis GD. Microbiota Transplantation in Day-Old Broiler Chickens Ameliorates Necrotic Enteritis via Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota and Host Immune Responses. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11090972. [PMID: 36145404 PMCID: PMC9503007 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11090972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A microbiota transplant (MT) originating from mature adult chicken ceca and propagated in bioreactors was administered to day-old broiler chicks to ascertain the degree to which, and how, the MT affects Clostridium perfringens (Cp)-incited necrotic enteritis (NE). Using a stress predisposition model of NE, birds administered the MT and challenged with Cp showed fewer necrotic lesions, and exhibited a substantially higher α- and β-diversity of bacteria in their jejunum and ceca. Birds challenged with Cp and not administered the MT showed decreased Lactobacillus and increased Clostridium sensu strico 1 in the jejunum. In ceca, Megamonas, a genus containing butyrate-producing bacteria, was only present in birds administered the MT, and densities of this genus were increased in birds challenged with Cp. Metabolite profiles in cecal digesta were altered in birds administered the MT and challenged with the pathogen; 59 metabolites were differentially abundant following MT treatment, and the relative levels of short chain fatty acids, butyrate, valerate, and propionate, were decreased in birds with NE. Birds administered the MT and challenged with Cp showed evidence of enhanced restoration of intestinal barrier functions, including elevated mRNA of MUC2B, MUC13, and TJP1. Likewise, birds administered the MT exhibited higher mRNA of IL2, IL17A, and IL22 at 2-days post-inoculation with Cp, indicating that these birds were better immunologically equipped to respond to pathogen challenge. Collectively, study findings demonstrated that administering a MT containing a diverse mixture of microorganisms to day-old birds ameliorated NE in broilers by increasing bacterial diversity and promoting positive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. M. Zaytsoff
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Valerie F. Boras
- Chinook Regional Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Lethbridge, AB T1J 1W5, Canada
| | - Julie Brassard
- Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 8E3, Canada
| | - Paul E. Moote
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Richard R. E. Uwiera
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - G. Douglas Inglis
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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16
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Li P, Gao M, Song B, Liu Y, Yan S, Lei J, Zhao Y, Li G, Mahmood T, Lv Z, Hu Y, Guo Y. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reshapes the Physiological Function of the Intestine in Antibiotic-Treated Specific Pathogen-Free Birds. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884615. [PMID: 35812374 PMCID: PMC9261465 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The topic about the interactions between host and intestinal microbiota has already caught the attention of many scholars. However, there is still a lack of systematic reports on the relationship between the intestinal flora and intestinal physiology of birds. Thus, this study was designed to investigate it. Antibiotic-treated specific pathogen-free (SPF) bird were used to construct an intestinal bacteria-free bird (IBF) model, and then, the differences in intestinal absorption, barrier, immune, antioxidant and metabolic functions between IBF and bacteria-bearing birds were studied. To gain further insight, the whole intestinal flora of bacteria-bearing birds was transplanted into the intestines of IBF birds to study the remodeling effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on the intestinal physiology of IBF birds. The results showed that compared with bacteria-bearing birds, IBF birds had a lighter body weight and weaker intestinal absorption, antioxidant, barrier, immune and metabolic functions. Interestingly, FMT contributed to reshaping the abovementioned physiological functions of the intestines of IBF birds. In conclusion, the intestinal flora plays an important role in regulating the physiological functions of the intestine.
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17
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Fu Z, Yang H, Xiao Y, Wang X, Yang C, Lu L, Wang W, Lyu W. Ileal Microbiota Alters the Immunity Statues to Affect Body Weight in Muscovy Ducks. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844102. [PMID: 35222437 PMCID: PMC8866836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ileum is mainly responsible for food absorption and nutrients transportation. The microbes in its intestinal lumen play an essential role in the growth and health of the host. However, it is still unknown how the ileal microbes affect the body weight of the host. In this study, we used Muscovy ducks as an animal model to investigate the relationship between the ileal microbes and body weight and further explore the potential mechanism. The ileum tissue and ileal contents of 200 Muscovy ducks were collected for mRNA extraction and real-time quantitative PCR, as well as DNA separation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. With body weight being ranked, the bottom 20% (n = 40) and top 20% (n = 40) were set as the low and high groups, respectively. Our results showed that in the ileum of Muscovy ducks, the Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla with the 10 most abundant genera, namely Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Vibrio, Romboutsia, Cetobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Terrisporobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, and Lactobacillus. We identified Streptococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Oscillospira were closely correlated to the growth of Muscovy ducks. Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella were negatively related to body weight (BW), while Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Oscillospira were positively associated with BW. In addition, we found that the relative expression levels of tight junction proteins (Claudin 1, Claudin 2, ZO-1 and ZO-2) in the high group showed an upward trend, although this trend was not significant (P > 0.05). The expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α) decreased in the high group, while the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 increased. Of course, except IL-2, these differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Finally, the correlation analysis showed that Escherichia-Shigella was significantly positively correlated with IL-1β (P < 0.05). These findings may provide fundamental data for the development of next-generation probiotics and assist the development of strategies for changing the gut microbiota to promote the growth performance in the duck industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Ty M, Taha-Abdelaziz K, Demey V, Castex M, Sharif S, Parkinson J. Performance of distinct microbial based solutions in a Campylobacter infection challenge model in poultry. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:2. [PMID: 34980288 PMCID: PMC8722297 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are commonly used within poultry production to improve feed conversion, bird growth, and reduce morbidity and mortality from clinical and subclinical diseases. Due to the association between AGP usage and rising antimicrobial resistance, the industry has explored new strategies including the use of probiotics and other microbial-based interventions to promote the development of a healthy microbiome in birds and mitigate against infections associated with food safety and food security. While previous studies have largely focused on the ability of probiotics to protect against Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enterica, much less is known concerning their impact on Campylobacter jejuni, a near commensal of the chicken gut microbiome that nevertheless is a major cause of food poisoning in humans. RESULTS Here we compare the efficacy of four microbial interventions (two single strain probiotics, the bacterium-Pediococcus acidilactici, and the yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii; and two complex, competitive exclusion, consortia-Aviguard and CEL) to bacitracin, a commonly used AGP, to modulate chicken gut microbiota and subsequently impact C. jejuni infection in poultry. Cecal samples were harvested at 30- and 39-days post hatch to assess Campylobacter burden and examine their impact on the gut microbiota. While the different treatments did not significantly decrease C. jejuni burden relative to the untreated controls, both complex consortia resulted in significant decreases relative to treatment with bacitracin. Analysis of 16S rDNA profiles revealed a distinct microbial signature associated with each microbial intervention. For example, treatment with Aviguard and CEL increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae respectively. Furthermore, Aviguard promoted a less complex microbial community compared to other treatments. CONCLUSIONS Depending upon the individual needs of the producer, our results illustrate the potential of each microbial interventions to serve flock-specific requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Ty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | | | | | - Shayan Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W, Canada
| | - John Parkinson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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19
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Balaji A, Sapoval N, Seto C, Leo Elworth R, Fu Y, Nute MG, Savidge T, Segarra S, Treangen TJ. KOMB: K-core based de novo characterization of copy number variation in microbiomes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3208-3222. [PMID: 35832621 PMCID: PMC9249589 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing metagenomes via kmer-based, database-dependent taxonomic classification has yielded key insights into underlying microbiome dynamics. However, novel approaches are needed to track community dynamics and genomic flux within metagenomes, particularly in response to perturbations. We describe KOMB, a novel method for tracking genome level dynamics within microbiomes. KOMB utilizes K-core decomposition to identify Structural variations (SVs), specifically, population-level Copy Number Variation (CNV) within microbiomes. K-core decomposition partitions the graph into shells containing nodes of induced degree at least K, yielding reduced computational complexity compared to prior approaches. Through validation on a synthetic community, we show that KOMB recovers and profiles repetitive genomic regions in the sample. KOMB is shown to identify functionally-important regions in Human Microbiome Project datasets, and was used to analyze longitudinal data and identify keystone taxa in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) samples. In summary, KOMB represents a novel graph-based, taxonomy-oblivious, and reference-free approach for tracking CNV within microbiomes. KOMB is open source and available for download at https://gitlab.com/treangenlab/komb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Balaji
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicolae Sapoval
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charlie Seto
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.A. Leo Elworth
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yilei Fu
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael G. Nute
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tor Savidge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Santiago Segarra
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Todd J. Treangen
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Corresponding author.
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20
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Gut Microbiota Implications for Health and Welfare in Farm Animals: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:ani12010093. [PMID: 35011199 PMCID: PMC8749645 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Farm animal health and welfare have been paid increasing concern in the world, which is generally assessed by the measurements of physical health, immune response, behavior, and physiological indicators, such as stress-related hormone, cortisone, and norepinephrine. Gut microbiota as a “forgotten organ” has been reported for its great influence on the host phenotypes through the immune, neural, and endocrine pathways to affect the host health and behavior. In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation as a novel approach is applied to regulating the composition and function of the recipient farm animals. In this review, we summarized recent studies that gut microbiota influenced health, immunity, behavior, and stress response, as well as the progress of fecal microbiota transplantation in farm animals. The review will provide new insights into the measurement of farm animal health and welfare concerning gut microbiota, and the implication of fecal microbiota transplantation to improve productivity, health, and welfare. Above all, this review suggests that gut microbiota is a promising field to evaluate and improve animal welfare. Abstract In the past few decades, farm animal health and welfare have been paid increasing concern worldwide. Farm animal health and welfare are generally assessed by the measurements of physical health, immune response, behavior, and physiological indicators. The gut microbiota has been reported to have a great influence on host phenotypes, possibly via the immune processes, neural functions, and endocrine pathways, thereby influencing host phenotypes. However, there are few reviews regarding farm animals’ health and welfare status concerning the gut microbiota. In this point of view, (1) we reviewed recent studies showing that gut microbiota (higher alpha diversity, beneficial composition, and positive functions) effectively influenced health characteristics, immunity, behaviors, and stress response in farm animals (such as pigs, chickens, and cows), which would provide a novel approach to measure and evaluate the health status and welfare of farm animals. In addition, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as one of the methods can modulate the recipient individual’s gut microbiota to realize the expected phenotype. Further, (2) we highlighted the application of FMT on the improvement of the production performance, the reduction in disease and abnormal behavior, as well as the attenuation of stress in farm animals. It is concluded that the gut microbiota can be scientifically used to assess and improve the welfare of farm animals. Moreover, FMT may be a helpful strategy to reduce abnormal behavior and improve stress adaption, as well as the treatment of disease for farm animals. This review suggests that gut microbiota is a promising field to evaluate and improve animal welfare.
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21
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Yu J, Zhou Y, Wen Q, Wang B, Gong H, Zhu L, Lan H, Wu B, Lang W, Zheng X, Wu M. Effects of faecal microbiota transplantation on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota, jejunum morphology and immune function of laying-type chicks. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an21093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Context Recent studies have indicated that the early stage of growth is a critical window for intestinal microbiota manipulation to optimise the immunity and body growth. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is often used to regulate intestinal microbiota colonisation. Aims The aim of this study was to explore the effect of FMT on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota, jejunum morphology and immune function of newly hatched laying-type chicks. Methods The chicks (Hy-line Brown) were randomly divided into the control group (CON) and FMT group (FMT), which were treated with sterile saline and faecal microbiota suspension of Hy-line Brown breeder hens on Days 1, 3 and 5 respectively. For each group, there were five replications of 12 birds each for 4 weeks. This study investigated the body weight, tibia length, intestinal microflora, jejunum morphology and immune indexes of the chicks. Key results The results showed that the body weight and tibia length of birds in the FMT group were significantly increased at 7, 14 and 21 days of age (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that FMT altered the intestinal microbiota community of the birds and improved the richness, evenness, diversity and stability of their intestinal microbiota (P < 0.05). The faecal microbiota of the donor hens and birds that received the transplantation were very similar. The villus height and the ratio of the villus to crypt of the birds in the FMT group were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than those in the control group. In addition, Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the villus height of the FMT group showed positive correlation with Bacteroides (P < 0.05), and the villus height and the ratio of the villus to crypt in the FMT group showed positive correlations with Megasphaera (P < 0.05). The birds in the FMT group had no significant difference in intestinal length, immune organ indexes, serum β-defensin and IgA concentrations. Conclusions In summary, FMT can promote the early growth performance and jejunum morphology of laying-type chicks and improve the intestinal microbiota. FMT has no significant effect on the immune function of chicks. Implications FMT may be a potential method to improve the health of chicks to enhance the poultry industry.
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22
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A new landscape of rabbit gut microbiota shaped by the infection of precocious parasites of Eimeria intestinalis. Vet Parasitol 2021; 300:109579. [PMID: 34784535 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rabbit intestinal coccidiosis is caused by one or several Eimeria species, which cause intestinal damage and secondary bacterial infection. However, the impact of Eimeria infection on gut microbiota is much unknown. To evaluate the influence, we detected the feces flora of SPF rabbits infected with the 1 × 104 oocysts of E. intestinalis wild type (WT) and a precocious line (EIP8), a highly pathogenic species, by 16S rRNA sequencing. The microbiota of newly weaned rabbits post vaccination with low doses of EIP8 oocysts was also detected. In SPF rabbits, while Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroidaceae were dominant families in all groups, EIP8 infection induced less changes in beta-diversity. In EIP8-infected rabbits, the intestinal flora whose abundance changed post infection accounted for less than 5.23 % of the entire flora. In comparison, it accounted for 27.18 % in WT group on d14 PI, while it was more than 20 % in diclazuril control group on d7 or d10 PI. The amount of fecal IgA and the abundance of IgA-production-related bacteria were similar in either EIP8 or WT infected rabbits. In the newly weaned rabbits, vaccination with EIP8 provided sufficient protection against challenge with WT parasites, as the body weight gain of vaccinated rabbits was similar to that of untreated animals, as well as more than 80 % reduction of oocyst output was detected when compared with unimmunized and challenged animals. Moreover, the vaccination had no significant impact on rabbit microbiota. Together, our findings suggested that the precocious line of E. intestinalis, compared with WT, induced a new fecal microbiota biodiversity in rabbits.
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23
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Yan C, Xiao J, Li Z, Liu H, Zhao X, Liu J, Chen S, Zhao X. Exogenous Fecal Microbial Transplantation Alters Fearfulness, Intestinal Morphology, and Gut Microbiota in Broilers. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:706987. [PMID: 34660756 PMCID: PMC8517117 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.706987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) documented transplanting a donor fecal sample to a receipt individual for a desired physiologic effect. However, whether the gut microbiota construction, intestinal maturation, and behavioral plasticity are modulated by FMT during the early life of broilers is waiting for verification. To evaluate the role of transfer of fecal microbiota from aged broilers donor (BD) to another individual, 96 birds were equally divided into a check (CK, control) group and a broiler recipient (BR) group. FMT was conducted daily from 5 to 12 days of age to determine the future impact on body weight, behavior, intestinal development, and gut microbiota. Results indicated that fearfulness in the CK group was higher than the BR group in both the behavioral tests (p < 0.05). The muscularis mucosa, thickness of muscle layer, and thickness of serous membrane layer in the BR group were higher compared with those of the CK group in the jejunum (p < 0.05). In the gut microbiota, Shannon diversity showed no difference, while beta diversity presented a difference in principal coordination analysis (PCoA) between the CK and BR groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Lentisphaerae in the CK group was lower than the BR (p = 0.052) and BD (p = 0.054) groups. The relative abundance of Tenericutes in the BD group was higher than that in the CK and BR groups (p < 0.05). At the genus level, Megamonas in the CK group was higher than the BR (p = 0.06) and BD (p < 0.05) groups. In the BR group, the functional capabilities of microbial communities analyzed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were increased in the glutamatergic synapse and N-glycan biosynthesis pathways in comparison with the CK and BD groups (p < 0.05). Some characteristics of gut microbiota in the donor chickens could be transferred to recipient chickens by FMT. In conclusion, exogenous FMT as a probiotic-like administration might be an efficient way to improve the physiology and behavior of chickens. Notably, the role of microbiota for various individuals and periods remains undefined, and the mechanism of microbiota on behaviors still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Guizhou Nayong Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Bijie, China
| | - Jinlong Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Guizhou Nayong Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Bijie, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Guizhou Nayong Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Bijie, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guizhou Nayong Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Bijie, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Guizhou Nayong Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Bijie, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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24
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Early Life Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neonatal Dairy Calves Promotes Growth Performance and Alleviates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress during Weaning. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092704. [PMID: 34573670 PMCID: PMC8471931 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of early life fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on the health and performance of neonatal dairy calves. The donor was selected based on health and production records and fecal material testing negative for infectious pathogens. Sixteen healthy newborn Holstein calves were randomized to either a baseline nutritional program (CON) or 1×/d inoculations with 25 g of fecal donor material (FMT) mixed in the milk replacer (n = 8/TRT) from 8 to 12 days of age. Blood and fecal samples were collected weekly, and calves were weaned at 7 weeks of age. A TRT × Week interaction was observed in haptoglobin, which was reflected in a positive quadratic effect in FMT calves but not in CON. A trend for a TRT × Week interaction was observed in the liver function biomarker paraoxonase, which resulted in greater paraoxonase in FMT calves than CON at three weeks of age. Fecal microbial community analysis revealed a significant increase in the alpha-diversity between week 1 and week 5 for the FMT calves. These results suggest that early life FMT in neonatal calves has positive effects in mediating the inflammatory response and gut microbial maturation.
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25
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Gong H, Wang T, Chu Q, Wu M, Lang W, Lan H, Zhu L, Zhou Y, Wen Q, Zheng X. Transcriptome profiling reveals morphogenesis-related candidate genes and pathways in the chick embryonic small intestine. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:194-201. [PMID: 34378449 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1963676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. A better understanding of intestinal development is essential for the intestinal health of poultry. Intestinal villification starts on embryo day E15 and is generally completed before hatching (E21). The development of lymphoid organs in the intestine starts during embryogenesis. However, transcriptional information on the processing of intestinal morphogenesis and immune development during chick embryogenesis is limited.2. In this work, RNA-sequencing was performed using 12 biological replicates to investigate Hy-Line brown chick embryonic small intestinal transcription at E15 and E21. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between E15 and E21 were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, based on the DEGs, were performed to identify key GO terms in the biological process category and key KEGG pathways. PPI networks were constructed based on the DEGs in the key pathways to screen hub genes. The embryonic small intestinal morphology and IgA distribution were observed by histological processing. The serum levels of IgA and lysozyme were measured by ELISA.3. A total of 76.38 Gb of high-quality RNA-sequencing data were generated and uploaded. A total of 2,676 DEGs, between E15 and E21, were identified. Structural development and villification of the small intestine at E15 tended to proceed via the expression of nervous system development-related genes. A combination of the histological and serological results with the transcriptome data indicated that the identified genes and pathways may be strong candidates for intestinal morphogenesis-regulation.4. The small intestine appears to have developed a relatively complete morphology and transport, metabolism, digestion and immunity functions by E21. This work provided a transcriptome profile of the chick embryonic small intestine and provided insights into the intestinal development and health of poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security (Jilin Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
| | - T Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Q Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - M Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - W Lang
- College of Biology, Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Shangluo University, Shangluo, China
| | - H Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - L Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Q Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - X Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security (Jilin Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
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26
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Zhang X, Hu Y, Ansari AR, Akhtar M, Chen Y, Cheng R, Cui L, Nafady AA, Elokil AA, Abdel-Kafy ESM, Liu H. Caecal microbiota could effectively increase chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:844-861. [PMID: 34264533 PMCID: PMC8913871 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been established that gut microbiota influences chicken growth performance and fat metabolism. However, whether gut microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism remains unclear. Therefore, seven‐week‐old chickens with high or low body weight were used in the present study. There were significant differences in body weight, breast and leg muscle indices, and cross‐sectional area of muscle cells, suggesting different growth performance. The relative abundance of gut microbiota in the caecal contents at the genus level was compared by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results of LEfSe indicated that high body weight chickens contained Microbacterium and Sphingomonas more abundantly (P < 0.05). In contrast, low body weight chickens contained Slackia more abundantly (P < 0.05). The results of H & E, qPCR, IHC, WB and blood analysis suggested significantly different fat metabolism level in serum, liver, abdominal adipose, breast and leg muscles between high and low body weight chickens. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that fat metabolism positively correlated with the relative abundance of Microbacterium and Sphingomonas while negatively correlated with the abundance of Slackia. Furthermore, faecal microbiota transplantation was performed, which verified that transferring faecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into one‐day‐old chickens improved growth performance and fat metabolism in liver by remodelling the gut microbiota. Overall, these results suggested that gut microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Abdur Rahman Ansari
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.,Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CVAS) Jhang, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ranran Cheng
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lei Cui
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Abdallah A Nafady
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Abdelmotaleb A Elokil
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed M Abdel-Kafy
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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Linkage between the intestinal microbiota and residual feed intake in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:22. [PMID: 33573700 PMCID: PMC7879522 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in nutrient digestion and utilization with a profound impact on feed efficiency of livestock animals. However, the intestinal microbes that are critically involved in feed efficiency remain elusive. Methods To identify intestinal bacteria associated with residual feed intake (RFI) in chickens, male Cobb broiler chicks were individually housed from day 14 to day 35. Individual RFI values were calculated for 56 chickens. Luminal contents were collected from the ileum, cecum, and cloaca of each animal on day 35. Bacterial DNA was isolated and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Intestinal microbiota was classified to the feature level using Deblur and QIIME 2. High and low RFI groups were formed by selecting 15 and 17 chickens with the most extreme RFI values for subsequent LEfSe comparison of the difference in the microbiota. Spearman correlation analysis was further performed to identify correlations between the intestinal microbiota composition and RFI. Results No significant difference in evenness, richness, and overall diversity of the microbiota in the ileum, cecum, or cloaca was observed between high and low RFI chickens. However, LEfSe analysis revealed a number of bacterial features being differentially enriched in either high or low RFI chickens. Spearman correlation analysis further identified many differentially enriched bacterial features to be significantly correlated with RFI (P < 0.05). Importantly, not all short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers showed a positive association with RFI. While two novel members of Oscillibacter and Butyricicoccus were more abundant in low-RFI, high-efficiency chickens, several other SCFA producers such as Subdoligranulum variabile and two related Peptostreptococcaceae members were negatively associated with feed efficiency. Moreover, a few closely-related Lachnospiraceae family members showed a positive correlation with feed efficiency, while others of the same family displayed an opposite relationship. Conclusions Our results highlight the complexity of the intestinal microbiota and a need to differentiate the bacteria to the species, subspecies, and even strain levels in order to reveal their true association with feed efficiency. Identification of RFI-associated bacteria provides important leads to manipulate the intestinal microbiota for improving production efficiency, profitability, and sustainability of poultry production.
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Ramírez GA, Richardson E, Clark J, Keshri J, Drechsler Y, Berrang ME, Meinersmann RJ, Cox NA, Oakley BB. Broiler chickens and early life programming: Microbiome transplant-induced cecal community dynamics and phenotypic effects. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242108. [PMID: 33186366 PMCID: PMC7665843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of successional trajectories describes how small differences in initial community composition can magnify through time and lead to significant differences in mature communities. For many animals, the types and sources of early-life exposures to microbes have been shown to have significant and long-lasting effects on the community structure and/or function of the microbiome. In modern commercial poultry production, chicks are reared as a single age cohort and do not directly encounter adult birds. This scenario is likely to initiate a trajectory of microbial community development that is significantly different than non-industrial settings where chicks are exposed to a much broader range of environmental and fecal inocula; however, the comparative effects of these two scenarios on microbiome development and function remain largely unknown. In this work, we performed serial transfers of cecal material through multiple generations of birds to first determine if serial transfers exploiting the ceca in vivo, rather than the external environment or artificial incubations, can produce a stable microbial community. Subsequently, we compared microbiome development between chicks receiving this passaged, i.e. host-selected, cecal material orally, versus an environmental inoculum, to test the hypothesis that the first exposure of newly hatched chicks to microbes determines early GI microbiome structure and may have longer-lasting effects on bird health and development. Cecal microbiome dynamics and bird weights were tracked for a two-week period, with half of the birds in each treatment group exposed to a pathogen challenge at 7 days of age. We report that: i) a relatively stable community was derived after a single passage of transplanted cecal material, ii) this cecal inoculum significantly but ephemerally altered community structure relative to the environmental inoculum and PBS controls, and iii) either microbiome transplant administered at day-of-hatch appeared to have some protective effects against pathogen challenge relative to uninoculated controls. Differentially abundant taxa identified across treatment types may inform future studies aimed at identifying strains associated with beneficial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A. Ramírez
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Ella Richardson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Jory Clark
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Jitendra Keshri
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Yvonne Drechsler
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
| | - Mark E. Berrang
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA,
United States of America
| | - Richard J. Meinersmann
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA,
United States of America
| | - Nelson A. Cox
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Poultry Center, Athens, GA,
United States of America
| | - Brian B. Oakley
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Duquenoy A, Ania M, Boucher N, Reynier F, Boucinha L, Andreoni C, Thomas V. Caecal microbiota compositions from 7-day-old chicks reared in high-performance and low-performance industrial farms and systematic culturomics to select strains with anti-Campylobacter activity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237541. [PMID: 32834007 PMCID: PMC7446796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in exploring the chickens' intestinal microbiota and understanding its interactions with the host. The objective is to optimize this parameter in order to increase the productivity of farm animals. With the goal to isolate candidate probiotic strains, specific culturomic methods were used in our study to culture commensal bacteria from 7-days old chicks raised in two farms presenting long history of high performance. A total of 347 isolates were cultured, corresponding to at least 64 species. Among the isolates affiliated to the Firmicutes, 26 had less than 97% identity of their partial 16S sequence with that of the closest described species, while one presented less than 93% identity, thus revealing a significant potential for new species in this ecosystem. In parallel, and in order to better understand the differences between the microbiota of high-performing and low-performing animals, caecal contents of animals collected from these two farms and from a third farm with long history of low performance were collected and sequenced. This compositional analysis revealed an enrichment of Faecalibacterium-and Campylobacter-related sequences in lower-performing animals whereas there was a higher abundance of enterobacteria-related sequences in high-performing animals. We then investigated antibiosis activity against C. jejuni ATCC 700819 and C. jejuni field isolate as a first phenotypic trait to select probiotic candidates. Antibiosis was found to be limited to a few strains, including several lactic acid bacteria, a strain of Bacillus horneckiae and a strain of Escherichia coli. The antagonist activity depended on test conditions that mimicked the evolution of the intestinal environment of the chicken during its lifetime, i.e. temperature (37°C or 42°C) and oxygen levels (aerobic or anaerobic conditions). This should be taken into account according to the stage of development of the animal at which administration of the active strain is envisaged.
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Iqbal Y, Cottrell JJ, Suleria HA, Dunshea FR. Gut Microbiota-Polyphenol Interactions in Chicken: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1391. [PMID: 32796556 PMCID: PMC7460082 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract of the chicken harbors very complex and diverse microbial communities including both beneficial and harmful bacteria. However, a dynamic balance is generally maintained in such a way that beneficial bacteria predominate over harmful ones. Environmental factors can negatively affect this balance, resulting in harmful effects on the gut, declining health, and productivity. This means modulating changes in the chicken gut microbiota is an effective strategy to improve gut health and productivity. One strategy is using modified diets to favor the growth of beneficial bacteria and a key candidate are polyphenols, which have strong antioxidant potential and established health benefits. The gut microbiota-polyphenol interactions are of vital importance in their effects on the gut microbiota modulation because it affects not only the composition of gut bacteria but also improves bioavailability of polyphenols through generation of more bioactive metabolites enhancing their health effects on morphology and composition of the gut microbiota. The object of this review is to improve the understanding of polyphenol interactions with the gut microbiota and highlights their potential role in modulation of the gut microbiota of chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Iqbal
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.I.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.I.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Hafiz A.R. Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.I.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.I.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Ji J, Xu Y, Luo C, He Y, Xu X, Yan X, Li Y, Shu D, Qu H. Effects of the DMRT1 genotype on the body weight and gut microbiota in the broiler chicken. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4044-4051. [PMID: 32731992 PMCID: PMC7597928 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is a critical determinant of growth and risk of metabolic diseases. Our previous studies showed that the locus rs16775833 within the DMRT1 gene is significantly associated with variation in the population structure of the gut microbiota, which is involved in determining the BW of the chicken. To assess the accuracy of correlation of rs16775833 located in the DMRT1 gene on microbial population and BW in birds, 2 genotypes GG and TT in the rs16775833 were identified in Chinese Yellow broiler breeders. We found that BW in the TT genotype group was significantly higher than in the GG genotype group at 7 and 13 wk of age in 777 female chickens. A full-length 16S rRNA sequencing approach was used to further evaluate the fecal bacterial composition of female broilers in 11 TT genotype chickens with high weight (HW-TT) and 11 GG genotype chickens with low weight (LW-GG) at 91 D of age. Partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed that the microbiota of the HW-TT and LW-GG females were clearly separated into 2 clusters. Furthermore, we identified 13 significantly different (P < 0.05) microbes at the genus level and 17 significantly different (P < 0.05) species between the HW-TT and LW-GG groups. Our data show that rs16775833 can modulate the microbial community structure and is associated with the BW of birds. To our knowledge, this is the first time that DMRT1 has been identified as a specific host factor, which is not only involved in sex determination but also has an effect on microbial function that might regulate animal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yibin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenglong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinchun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dingming Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Schreuder J, Velkers FC, Bouwstra RJ, Beerens N, Stegeman JA, de Boer WF, Elbers ARW, van Hooft P, Feberwee A, Bossers A, Jurburg SD. Limited changes in the fecal microbiome composition of laying hens after oral inoculation with wild duck feces. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6542-6551. [PMID: 31541252 PMCID: PMC8913958 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecies transmission of fecal microbiota can serve as an indicator for (indirect) contact between domestic and wild animals to assess risks of pathogen transmission, e.g., avian influenza. Here, we investigated whether oral inoculation of laying hens with feces of wild ducks (mallards, Anas platyrhynchos) resulted in a hen fecal microbiome that was detectably altered on community parameters or relative abundances of individual genera. To distinguish between effects of the duck inoculum and effects of the inoculation procedure, we compared the fecal microbiomes of adult laying hens resulting from 3 treatments: inoculation with wild duck feces (duck), inoculation with chicken feces (auto), and a negative control group with no treatment. We collected cloacal swabs from 7 hens per treatment before (day 0), and 2 and 7 D after inoculation, and performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. No distinguishable effect of inoculation with duck feces on microbiome community (alpha and beta diversity) was found compared to auto or control treatments. At the individual taxonomic level, the relative abundance of the genus Alistipes (phylum Bacteroidetes) was significantly higher in the inoculated treatments (auto and duck) compared to the control 2 D after inoculation. Seven days after inoculation, the relative abundance of Alistipes had increased in the control and no effect was found anymore across treatments. These effects might be explained by the perturbation of the hen's microbiome caused by the inoculation procedure itself, or by intrinsic temporal variation in the hen's microbiome. This experiment shows that a single inoculation of fecal microbiota from duck feces to laying hens did not cause a measurable alteration of the gut microbiome community. Furthermore, the temporary change in relative abundance forAlistipes could not be attributed to the duck feces inoculation. These outcomes suggest that the fecal microbiome of adult laying hens may not be a useful indicator for detection of single oral exposure to wild duck feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Schreuder
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, the Netherlands
| | - Francisca C Velkers
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nancy Beerens
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221RA Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - J Arjan Stegeman
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, the Netherlands
| | - Willem F de Boer
- Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Armin R W Elbers
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221RA Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van Hooft
- Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Alex Bossers
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221RA Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie D Jurburg
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, 8221RA Lelystad, the Netherlands.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig 04103, Germany
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Greyson-Gaito CJ, Bartley TJ, Cottenie K, Jarvis WMC, Newman AEM, Stothart MR. Into the wild: microbiome transplant studies need broader ecological reality. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192834. [PMID: 32097591 PMCID: PMC7062022 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial communities (microbiomes) profoundly shape the ecology and evolution of multicellular life. Interactions between host and microbiome appear to be reciprocal, and ecological theory is now being applied to better understand how hosts and their microbiome influence each other. However, some ecological processes that underlie reciprocal host-microbiome interactions may be obscured by the current convention of highly controlled transplantation experiments. Although these approaches have yielded invaluable insights, there is a need for a broader array of approaches to fully understand host-microbiome reciprocity. Using a directed review, we surveyed the breadth of ecological reality in the current literature on gut microbiome transplants with non-human recipients. For 55 studies, we categorized nine key experimental conditions that impact the ecological reality (EcoReality) of the transplant, including host taxon match and donor environment. Using these categories, we rated the EcoReality of each transplant. Encouragingly, the breadth of EcoReality has increased over time, but some components of EcoReality are still relatively unexplored, including recipient host environment and microbiome state. The conceptual framework we develop here maps the landscape of possible EcoReality to highlight where fundamental ecological processes can be considered in future transplant experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy J. Bartley
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karl Cottenie
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Will M. C. Jarvis
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy E. M. Newman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mason R. Stothart
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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34
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Rychlik I. Composition and Function of Chicken Gut Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10010103. [PMID: 31936291 PMCID: PMC7022619 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chickens evolved for millions of years to be hatched in a nest in contact with an adult hen. However, current commercial production of chickens is based on hatching chicks in a clean hatchery environment in the absence of adult hens. The ancestors of domestic chickens inhabited a living environment different from that used for current commercial production. Currently, the lifespan of broilers is around 5 weeks, the lifespan of egg layers is around one year while chickens can live for 15–20 years. This means that studies on chicken–microbiota interactions are of specific importance. The intestinal tract of commercially hatched chicks is gradually colonised from environmental sources only, however, if the chicks are provided experimentally with microbiota from a hen they can be colonised by adult-type microbiota from the very first days of life and become resistant to infections with pathogenic Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, or Salmonella. Because of such specificities in the interactions of chickens with their gut microbiota, current knowledge in this area is critically presented in this review. Abstract Studies analyzing the composition of gut microbiota are quite common at present, mainly due to the rapid development of DNA sequencing technologies within the last decade. This is valid also for chickens and their gut microbiota. However, chickens represent a specific model for host–microbiota interactions since contact between parents and offspring has been completely interrupted in domesticated chickens. Nearly all studies describe microbiota of chicks from hatcheries and these chickens are considered as references and controls. In reality, such chickens represent an extreme experimental group since control chicks should be, by nature, hatched in nests in contact with the parent hen. Not properly realising this fact and utilising only 16S rRNA sequencing results means that many conclusions are of questionable biological relevance. The specifics of chicken-related gut microbiota are therefore stressed in this review together with current knowledge of the biological role of selected microbiota members. These microbiota members are then evaluated for their intended use as a form of next-generation probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rychlik
- Department of Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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35
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Diaz Carrasco JM, Casanova NA, Fernández Miyakawa ME. Microbiota, Gut Health and Chicken Productivity: What Is the Connection? Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7100374. [PMID: 31547108 PMCID: PMC6843312 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota and its relationship to animal health and productivity in commercial broiler chickens has been difficult to establish due to high variability between flocks, which derives from plenty of environmental, nutritional, and host factors that influence the load of commensal and pathogenic microbes surrounding birds during their growth cycle in the farms. Chicken gut microbiota plays a key role in the maintenance of intestinal health through its ability to modulate host physiological functions required to maintain intestinal homeostasis, mainly through competitive exclusion of detrimental microorganisms and pathogens, preventing colonization and therefore decreasing the expense of energy that birds normally invest in keeping the immune system active against these pathogens. Therefore, a “healthy” intestinal microbiota implies energy saving for the host which translates into an improvement in productive performance of the birds. This review compiles information about the main factors that shape the process of gut microbiota acquisition and maturation, their interactions with chicken immune homeostasis, and the outcome of these interactions on intestinal health and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Diaz Carrasco
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Calle Las Cabañas y Los Reseros s/n, Casilla de Correo 25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Natalia A Casanova
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Calle Las Cabañas y Los Reseros s/n, Casilla de Correo 25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariano E Fernández Miyakawa
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Calle Las Cabañas y Los Reseros s/n, Casilla de Correo 25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, 1425 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Metzler-Zebeli BU, Siegerstetter SC, Magowan E, Lawlor PG, O Connell NE, Zebeli Q. Fecal Microbiota Transplant From Highly Feed Efficient Donors Affects Cecal Physiology and Microbiota in Low- and High-Feed Efficient Chickens. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1576. [PMID: 31354670 PMCID: PMC6629952 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) may be used to improve chicken’s feed efficiency (FE) via modulation of the intestinal microbiota and microbe-host signaling. This study investigated the effect of the administration of FMT from highly feed efficient donors early in life on the jejunal and cecal microbiota, visceral organ size, intestinal morphology, permeability, and expression of genes for nutrient transporters, barrier function and innate immune response in chickens of diverging residual feed intake (RFI; a metric for FE). Chicks (n = 110) were inoculated with the FMT or control transplant (CT) on 1, 6, and 9 days posthatch (dph), from which 56 chickens were selected on 30 dph as the extremes in RFI, resulting in 15 low and 13 high RFI chickens receiving the FMT and 14 low and 14 high RFI chickens receiving the CT. RFI rank and FMT only caused tendencies for alterations in the jejunal microbiota and only one unclassified Lachnospiraceae genus in cecal digesta was indicative of high RFI. By contrast, the FMT caused clear differences in the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile in the crop and cecal microbiota composition compared to the CT, which indicated alterations in amylolytic, pullulanolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Dorea, and Ruminococcus. Moreover, the FMT caused alterations in intestinal development as indicated by the longer duodenum and shallower crypts in the ceca. From the observed RFI-associated variation, energy-saving mechanisms and moderation of the mucosal immune response were indicated by higher jejunal permeability, shorter villi in the ileum, and enhanced cecal expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 in low RFI chickens. Relationships obtained from supervised multigroup data integration support that certain bacteria, including Ruminococcocaceae-, Lactobacillus-, and unclassified Clostridiales-phylotypes, and SCFA in jejunal and cecal digesta modulated expression levels of cytokines, tight-junction protein OCLN and nutrient transporters for glucose and SCFA uptake. In conclusion, results suggest that the intestine only played a moderate role for the RFI-associated variation of the present low and high RFI phenotypes, whereas modulating the early microbial colonization resulted in long-lasting changes in bacterial taxonomic and metabolite composition as well as in host intestinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara U Metzler-Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sina-Catherine Siegerstetter
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Peadar G Lawlor
- Teagasc, Pig Development Department, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Ireland
| | - Niamh E O Connell
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kollarcikova M, Kubasova T, Karasova D, Crhanova M, Cejkova D, Sisak F, Rychlik I. Use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing for prediction of new opportunistic pathogens in chicken ileal and cecal microbiota. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2347-2353. [PMID: 30624758 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we addressed differences in the development of gut microbiota in 4 successive batches of commercially hatched broiler parent chickens. When planning this study, we expected to find a batch with compromised performance which would allow identification of microbiota of suboptimal composition. Microbiota composition was determined only by sequencing the V3/V4 region of 16S rRNA genes in samples collected from chickens 5 to 18 wk of age. In a total, 100 and 160 samples originating from the ileum or cecum were processed, respectively. In one of the flocks with suboptimal performance we identified an increased abundance of Helicobacter brantae forming over 80% of ileal microbiota in individual chickens. Moreover, we also tested samples of 53-wk-old hens from the same genetic line in which egg production decreased. In this case, cecal microbiota was enriched for Fusobacterium mortiferum forming over 30% of total cecal microbiota. Although none of the identified unusual microbiota members have been well recognized as pathogenic, they may represent new opportunistic pathogens of chickens worth of further investigation. Analysis of gut microbiota composition by next generation sequencing thus proved as a useful and unbiased alternative to bacterial culture, especially in the cases of unspecific symptoms like decrease in flock performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloslava Kollarcikova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kubasova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Karasova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Crhanova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Cejkova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Sisak
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Rychlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Immunology, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Canibe N, O’Dea M, Abraham S. Potential relevance of pig gut content transplantation for production and research. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:55. [PMID: 31304012 PMCID: PMC6604143 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly evident that the gastrointestinal microbiota has a significant impact on the overall health and production of the pig. This has led to intensified research on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota, factors affecting it, and the impact of the microbiota on health, growth performance, and more recently, behavior of the host. Swine production research has been heavily focused on assessing the effects of feed additives and dietary modifications to alter or take advantage of select characteristics of gastrointestinal microbes to improve health and feed conversion efficiency. Research on faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a possible tool to improve outcomes in pigs through manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome is very recent and limited data is available. Results on FMT in humans demonstrating the transfer of phenotypic traits from donors to recipients and the high efficacy of FMT to treat Clostridium difficile infections in humans, together with data from pigs relating GI-tract microbiota composition with growth performance has likely played an important role in the interest towards this strategy in pig production. However, several factors can influence the impact of FMT on the recipient, and these need to be identified and optimized before this tool can be applied to pig production. There are obvious inherent biosecurity and regulatory issues in this strategy, since the donor's microbiome can never be completely screened for all possible non-desirable microorganisms. However, considering the success observed in humans, it seems worth investigating this strategy for certain applications in pig production. Further, FMT research may lead to the identification of specific bacterial group(s) essential for a particular outcome, resulting in the development of banks of clones which can be used as targeted therapeutics, rather than the broader approach applied in FMT. This review examines the factors associated with the use of FMT, and its potential application to swine production, and includes research on using the pig as model for human medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Canibe
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU-FOULUM, PO BOX 50, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mark O’Dea
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sam Abraham
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease laboratory, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
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Rothrock MJ, Locatelli A. Importance of Farm Environment to Shape Poultry-Related Microbiomes Throughout the Farm-to-Fork Continuum of Pasture-Raised Broiler Flocks. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Siwek M, Slawinska A, Stadnicka K, Bogucka J, Dunislawska A, Bednarczyk M. Prebiotics and synbiotics - in ovo delivery for improved lifespan condition in chicken. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:402. [PMID: 30558599 PMCID: PMC6296066 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercially produced chickens have become key food-producing animals in the global food system. The scale of production in industrial settings has changed management systems to a point now very far from traditional methods. During the perinatal period, newly hatched chicks undergo processing, vaccination and transportation, which introduces a gap in access to feed and water. This gap, referred to as the hatching window, dampens the potential for microflora inoculation and as such, prevents proper microbiome, gastrointestinal system and innate immunity development. As a consequence, the industrial production of chickens with a poor microbial profile leads to enteric microbial infestation and infectious disease outbreaks, which became even more prevalent after the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters on many world markets (e.g., the EU).This review presents the rationale, methodology and life-long effects of in ovo stimulation of chicken microflora. In ovo stimulation provides efficient embryonic microbiome colonization with commensal microflora during the perinatal period. A carefully selected bioactive formulation (prebiotics, probiotics alone or combined into synbiotics) is delivered into the air cell of the egg on day 12 of egg incubation. The prebiotic penetrates the outer and inner egg membranes and stimulates development on the innate microflora in the embryonic guts. Probiotics are available after the mechanical breakage of the shell membranes by the chick's beak at the beginning of hatching (day 19). The intestinal microflora after in ovo stimulation is potent enough for competitive exclusion and programs the lifespan condition. We present the effects of different combinations of prebiotic and probiotic delivered in ovo on day 12 of egg incubation on microflora, growth traits, feed efficiency, intestinal morphology, meat microstructure and quality, immune system development, physiological characteristics and the transcriptome of the broiler chickens.We discuss the differences between in ovo stimulation (day 12 of egg incubation) and in ovo feeding (days 17-18 of egg incubation) and speculate about possible future developments in this field. In summary, decades of research on in ovo stimulation and the lifelong effects support this method as efficient programming of lifespan conditions in commercially raised chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Siwek
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - A. Slawinska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - K. Stadnicka
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - J. Bogucka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Physiotherapy and Nutrition, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - A. Dunislawska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - M. Bednarczyk
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka, 28 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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41
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Niederwerder MC. Fecal microbiota transplantation as a tool to treat and reduce susceptibility to disease in animals. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 206:65-72. [PMID: 30502914 PMCID: PMC7173282 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the process by which fecal microbiota are donated from a healthy individual and subsequently transplanted into a diseased or young individual. The mechanism by which FMT is effective is believed to be due to enhanced beneficial microbes, increased microbiome diversity, and restored normal flora. Beneficial gut microorganisms not only play a role in maintaining an intestinal barrier and metabolizing nutrients, but importantly, these microbes help regulate local and systemic immune function. Although FMT has been described for several centuries, only recently has it been utilized as a mainstream therapy in humans and significantly considered for applications in other species. In humans and animals, gastrointestinal diseases are by far the most widely accepted FMT-treatable conditions; however, recent research has shown exceptional promise for FMT being used to treat or prevent other conditions, including those outside of the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, FMT is likely an underutilized, widely-available, and inexpensive tool for improving the health and response to disease in animals. In this review, the effects of FMT on veterinary diseases and potential applications for FMT in animals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Niederwerder
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, USA.
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Siegerstetter SC, Petri RM, Magowan E, Lawlor PG, Zebeli Q, O'Connell NE, Metzler-Zebeli BU. Feed Restriction Modulates the Fecal Microbiota Composition, Nutrient Retention, and Feed Efficiency in Chickens Divergent in Residual Feed Intake. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2698. [PMID: 30510543 PMCID: PMC6254087 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a great interest to understand the impact of the gut microbiota on host's nutrient use and FE in chicken production. Both chicken's feed intake and gut bacterial microbiota differ between high and low-feed efficient chickens. To evaluate the impact of the feed intake level on the feed efficiency (FE)-associated variation in the chicken intestinal microbiota, differently feed efficient chickens need to eat the same amount of feed, which can be achieved by feeding chickens restrictively. Therefore, we investigated the effect of restrictive vs. ad libitum feeding on the fecal microbiome at 16 and 29 days posthatch (dph), FE and nutrient retention in chickens of low and high residual feed intake (RFI; metric for FE). Restrictively fed chickens were provided the same amount of feed which corresponded to 85% of the ad libitum fed group from 9 dph. FE was determined for the period between 9 and 30 dph and feces for nutrient retention were collected on 31 to 32 dph. From the 112 chickens (n = 56 fed ad libitum, and n = 56 fed restrictively), 14 low RFI and 15 high RFI ad libitum fed chickens, and 14 low RFI (n = 7 per sex) and 14 high RFI restrictively fed chickens were selected as the extremes in RFI and were retrospectively chosen for data analysis. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices showed significant separation between time points, and feeding level groups at 29 dph for the fecal bacterial communities. Relevance networking indicated positive associations between Acinetobacter and feed intake at 16 dph, whereas at 29 dph Escherichia/Shigella and Turicibacter positively and Lactobacillus negatively correlated to chicken's feed intake. Enterobacteriaceae was indicative for low RFI at 16 dph, whereas Acinetobacter was linked to high RFI across time points. However, restrictive feeding-associated changes in the fecal microbiota were not similar in low and high RFI chickens, which may have been related to the higher nutrient retention and thus lower fecal nutrient availability in restrictively fed high RFI chickens. This may also explain the decreased RFI value in restrictively fed high RFI chickens indicating improved FE, with a stronger effect in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina-Catherine Siegerstetter
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renée M Petri
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elizabeth Magowan
- Agriculture Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, United Kingdom
| | - Peadar G Lawlor
- Teagasc, Pig Development Department, Animal & Grassland Research & Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Ireland
| | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Niamh E O'Connell
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara U Metzler-Zebeli
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Brugman S, Ikeda-Ohtsubo W, Braber S, Folkerts G, Pieterse CMJ, Bakker PAHM. A Comparative Review on Microbiota Manipulation: Lessons From Fish, Plants, Livestock, and Human Research. Front Nutr 2018; 5:80. [PMID: 30234124 PMCID: PMC6134018 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During recent years the impact of microbial communities on the health of their host (being plants, fish, and terrestrial animals including humans) has received increasing attention. The microbiota provides the host with nutrients, induces host immune development and metabolism, and protects the host against invading pathogens (1-6). Through millions of years of co-evolution bacteria and hosts have developed intimate relationships. Microbial colonization shapes the host immune system that in turn can shape the microbial composition (7-9). However, with the large scale use of antibiotics in agriculture and human medicine over the last decades an increase of diseases associated with so-called dysbiosis has emerged. Dysbiosis refers to either a disturbed microbial composition (outgrowth of possible pathogenic species) or a disturbed interaction between bacteria and the host (10). Instead of using more antibiotics to treat dysbiosis there is a need to develop alternative strategies to combat disturbed microbial control. To this end, we can learn from nature itself. For example, the plant root (or "rhizosphere") microbiome of sugar beet contains several bacterial species that suppress the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, an economically important fungal pathogen of this crop (11). Likewise, commensal bacteria present on healthy human skin produce antimicrobial molecules that selectively kill skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Interestingly, patients with atopic dermatitis (inflammation of the skin) lacked antimicrobial peptide secreting commensal skin bacteria (12). In this review, we will give an overview of microbial manipulation in fish, plants, and terrestrial animals including humans to uncover conserved mechanisms and learn how we might restore microbial balance increasing the resilience of the host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Brugman
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wakako Ikeda-Ohtsubo
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Corné M. J. Pieterse
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Peter A. H. M. Bakker
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Niederwerder MC, Constance LA, Rowland RRR, Abbas W, Fernando SC, Potter ML, Sheahan MA, Burkey TE, Hesse RA, Cino-Ozuna AG. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Is Associated With Reduced Morbidity and Mortality in Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1631. [PMID: 30083142 PMCID: PMC6064930 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) is a term used to describe the multi-factorial disease syndromes caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), which can be reproduced in an experimental setting through the co-infection of pigs with PCV-2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The resulting PCVAD-affected pigs represent a subpopulation within the co-infected group. In co-infection studies, the presence of increased microbiome diversity is linked to a reduction in clinical signs. In this study, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was investigated as a means to prevent PCVAD in pigs co-infected with PRRSV and PCV-2d. The sources of the FMT material were high-parity sows with a documented history of high health status and robust litter characteristics. The analysis of the donated FMT material showed the absence of common pathogens along with the presence of diverse microbial phyla and families. One group of pigs (n = 10) was administered the FMT while a control group (n = 10) was administered a sterile mock-transplant. Over the 42-day post-infection period, the FMT group showed fewer PCVAD-affected pigs, as evidenced by a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality in transplanted pigs, along with increased antibody levels. Overall, this study provides evidence that FMT decreases the severity of clinical signs following co-infection with PRRSV and PCV-2 by reducing the prevalence of PCVAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Niederwerder
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Laura A Constance
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Raymond R R Rowland
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Waseem Abbas
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Samodha C Fernando
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | - Maureen A Sheahan
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Thomas E Burkey
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Richard A Hesse
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.,Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Ada G Cino-Ozuna
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.,Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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45
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Experimental Ulcerative Colitis Reveals Associated Gut Microbial and Host Metabolic Reprogramming. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00434-18. [PMID: 29728388 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00434-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is gaining attention for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Data from individual case studies have suggested that FMT may be beneficial for UC, but the detailed microbial and molecular basis remains unknown. Here, we employ 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics to investigate the influence of FMT on gut microbial community composition and host metabolism in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC rat model. The findings from this pilot study suggest that FMT from normal donors to UC recipients could alleviate UC symptoms without close resemblance of donor's gut microbial and metabolic pattern. Meanwhile, FMT from UC donors to normal recipient rats triggered UC symptoms, UC-prone microbial shift, and host metabolic adaption. Gut microbiota under normal conditions could maintain stable species richness and diversity upon FMT intervention, but the disturbed gut microbiota under UC conditions could not maintain such homeostasis. Significant correlations between altered bacterial composition and host metabolism could be assigned to the pathological effects of UC (accounting for 8.0 to 16.2% of total variance) and/or the FMT intervention effects (3.9 to 7.0% of total variance). Overall, our study reveals diverse gut microbial shifts in UC related FMT and their association with host metabolic reprogramming.IMPORTANCE This study combined clinical symptoms measurement, 16S rRNA gene microbial profiling and metabolomics to comprehensively investigate the gut bacterial and host metabolic association and reprogramming in FMT-treated experimental UC. These data can advance our understanding of the effect of FMT on UC and the involvement of gut microbial dysbiosis in the development of UC.
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