1
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Stouten GR, Hamers K, van Tatenhove-Pel RJ, van der Knaap E, Kleerebezem R. Seemingly trivial secondary factors may determine microbial competition: a cautionary tale on the impact of iron supplementation through corrosion. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6081106. [PMID: 33428722 PMCID: PMC7878175 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial community engineering aims for enrichment of a specific microbial trait by imposing specific cultivation conditions. This work demonstrates that things may be more complicated than typically presumed and that microbial competition can be affected by seemingly insignificant variables, like in this case the type of acid used for pH control. Aerobic bioreactors pulse fed with acetate operated with hydrochloric acid resulted in the enrichment of Plasticicumulans acidivorans, and changing the pH controlling agent to sulfuric acid shifted the community towards Zoogloea sp. Further research demonstrated that the change in community structure was not directly caused by the change in acid used for pH control, but resulted from the difference in corrosive strength of both acids and the related iron leaching from the bioreactor piping. Neither system was iron deficient, suggesting that the biological availability of iron is affected by the leaching process. Our results demonstrate that microbial competition and process development can be affected dramatically by secondary factors related to nutrient supply and bioavailability, and is way more complex than generally assumed in a single carbon substrate limited process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerben R Stouten
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kelly Hamers
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rinke J van Tatenhove-Pel
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline van der Knaap
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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2
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Kleerebezem R, Stouten G, Koehorst J, Langenhoff A, Schaap P, Smidt H. Experimental infrastructure requirements for quantitative research on microbial communities. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 67:158-165. [PMID: 33596519 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Natural microbial communities are composed of a large diversity of interacting microorganisms, each with a specific role in the functional properties of the ecosystem. The objectives in microbial ecology research are related to identifying, understanding and exploring the role of these different microorganisms. Because of the rapidly increasing power of DNA sequencing and the rapid increase of genomic data, main attention of microbial ecology research shifted from cultivation-oriented studies towards metagenomic studies. Despite these efforts, the direct link between the molecular properties and the measurable changes in the functional performance of the ecosystem is often poorly documented. A quantitative understanding of functional properties in relation to the molecular changes requires effective integration, standardization, and parallelization of experiments. High-resolution functional characterization is a prerequisite for interpretation of changes in metagenomic properties, and will improve our understanding of microbial communities and facilitate their exploration for health and circular economy related objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert Kleerebezem
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerben Stouten
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Koehorst
- Wageningen University and Research, Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Wageningen University and Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Schaap
- Wageningen University and Research, Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hauke Smidt
- Wageningen University and Research, Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Liu X, Liu M, Zhou L, Hou L, Yang Y, Wu D, Meadows ME, Li Z, Tong C, Gu J. Occurrence and distribution of PAHs and microbial communities in nearshore sediments of the Knysna Estuary, South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116083. [PMID: 33280920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurrence, and their impact on the microbial community and PAH-degrading genera and genes in the Knysna Estuary of South Africa. The results reveal that the estuary exhibits low PAH levels (114.1-356.0 ng g-1). Ignavibacteriae and Deferribacteres, as well as Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, are keystone phyla. Among measured environmental factors, total organic carbon (TOC), nutrients such as nitrite and nitrate, metals as Al, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, and environmental properties (pH and salinity) are primary contributors to structuring the bacterial community assemblage. The abundance of alpha subunit genes of the PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenases (PAH-RHDα) of Gram-negative bacteria lies in the range of (2.0-4.2) × 105 copies g-1, while that of Gram-positive bacteria ranges from 3.0 × 105 to 1.3 × 107 copies g-1. The PAH-degrading bacteria account for up to 0.1% of the bacterial community and respond mainly to nitrate, TOC and salinity, while PAHs at low concentration are not significant influencing factors. PAH degraders such as Xanthomonadales, Pseudomonas, and Mycobacterium, which play a central role in PAH-metabolization coupled with other biogeochemical processes (e.g. iron cycling), may contribute to maintaining a healthy estuarine ecosystem. These results are important for developing appropriate utilization and protection strategies for pristine estuaries worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Limin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dianming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Michael E Meadows
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Department of Environmental & Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zhanhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Chunfu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jinghua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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4
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Effect of Heavy Metals in the Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Waste. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents an investigation on the effect of heavy metals on the production of biogas during the process of anaerobic digestion (AD) of olive mill waste (OMW). The poisonous effect and the inhibitory influence of Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cr on the digestion process are investigated and determined. Biomethanation potential tests are performed for this sake. Adding some of the heavy metals to the AD decreases the efficiency of biogas production and methane concentration and decreases the reduction in the VS, the TCOD, the SCOD, and the organic acid load. A critical increase in the total organic acid and inhibition of methanogenic bacteria was observed due to its toxicity. The toxicity of the heavy metals can be arranged according to increasing order: Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Zn > Fe, which leads to rapid poisoning of the active microorganisms. Iron may also exhibit stimulatory effects, but with a low rate and at a certain level. The conclusions of this work are important for the industry and help to understand how to carefully manage the presence of heavy metals in the digestate.
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5
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Luo J, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Wu Y, Wu L, Li H, Tang M, Sun Y, Guo W, Feng Q, Cao J, Wang D. Potential influences of exogenous pollutants occurred in waste activated sludge on anaerobic digestion: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121176. [PMID: 31525683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a promising approach for waste activated sludge (WAS) disposal. However, a wide range of exogenous pollutants (e.g. heavy metals, nanoparticles) exists in WAS and their influences on anaerobic digestion are neglected. This study investigates the correlations between exogenous pollutants and anaerobic digestion performance. The results indicate that exogenous pollutants exhibit dose-dependent influences on WAS digestion. Most of the pollutants improve the performance of anaerobic digestion by partially or wholly promoting the hydrolysis, acidification and methanogenesis processes at low dose, but exhibit negative effects at high levels due to their toxicity. Generally, methanogens are more vulnerable than those hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria. Poly-aluminum chloride and polyacrylamide show strong inhibition on WAS digestion, which are primarily attributed to their physical enmeshments of organic matters in WAS. The synergistic effects of different mixed pollutants and the mitigating strategies for typical pollutants inhibition deserve more attention in light of WAS anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yaqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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6
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Guerrero L, Da Silva C, Barahona A, Montalvo S, Huiliñir C, Borja R, Peirano C, Toledo M, Carvajal A. Fly ash as stimulant for anaerobic digestion: effect over hydrolytic stage and methane generation rate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:1384-1391. [PMID: 31850890 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric fly ash was used as a micronutrient source for microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion process of thermally pretreated (1 hour, 120 °C) secondary sludge. The obtained results not only suggest that fly ash improves methane generation in the conversion of volatile fatty acids into methane, but also show a new observation, that the fly ash contributes in the particulate organic solubilization. The maximum methane production rate increased from 6.52 mL/L/d to 22.59 mL/L/d when fly ash was added at a dosage of 150 mg/L in biochemical methane potential tests compared with tests with no added ash. Additionally, the kinetic constants of the hydrolysis of particulate organic matter were obtained in both cases (with and without added ash) in batch reactors using a first-order kinetic model; in the case of no addition, the first-order kinetic parameter was 0.019 ± 0.002 d-1, while with ashes this value increased to 0.045 ± 0.000 d-1. Therefore, the addition of fly ash improves methane generation and hydrolytic kinetics in different orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Guerrero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile E-mail:
| | - Cristopher Da Silva
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile E-mail:
| | - Andrea Barahona
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile E-mail:
| | - Silvio Montalvo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Cesar Huiliñir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Clio Peirano
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile E-mail:
| | - Mario Toledo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrea Carvajal
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa, Valparaíso, Chile E-mail:
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7
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Frunzo L, Fermoso FG, Luongo V, Mattei MR, Esposito G. ADM1-based mechanistic model for the role of trace elements in anaerobic digestion processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:587-602. [PMID: 31023491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An original mechanistic model able to describe the fate of trace elements (TE) in anaerobic digestion systems has been synthetized from mass balance equations. The model takes into account the main biochemical and physico-chemical processes affecting TE bioavailability and it is aimed at evaluating the effect that the combination of such processes exerts on the system performance. Five main modules have been introduced: biochemistry, physico-chemistry, sorption, complexation and precipitation. The model is based on mass conservation principles and is formulated as a set of ordinary differential equations for the soluble and particulate components constituting the system. Model applications of two illustrative cases are provided. The first case is based on experimental results and examines the effect of TE depletion in an AD process of food waste (FW). The second case shows the effects of different metal supplements on methane production and biogas composition. The simulation results confirm that the model can fairly be used to predict the effect of TE dynamics and bioavailability, by considering biological, chemical and physicochemical processes in AD environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frunzo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - F G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Ctra. de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - V Luongo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - M R Mattei
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia I, Monte S. Angelo, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples. Italy.
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8
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Maharaj BC, Mattei MR, Frunzo L, Hullebusch EDV, Esposito G. ADM1 based mathematical model of trace element complexation in anaerobic digestion processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 276:253-259. [PMID: 30640019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new model based on anaerobic digestion model no.1 (ADM1) approach has been proposed to simulate trace elements (TEs) complexation, precipitation and their effect on the anaerobic batch methane production. TEs complexation reactions with VFAs and EDTA have been incorporated in an extended ADM1 model which considers TE precipitation/dissolution reactions as well as biodegradation processes. The kinetic model tracks the dynamics of 90 state variables which constitute the components of the proposed anaerobic digestion (AD) model. The incorporation of the complexation reactions required the definition of new inorganic components (EDTA species) and new complexation process rates in the ADM1 framework. The charge balance was modified accordingly to consider the effects of the additional components. The new model is able to predict: a) the effect of TE-EDTA/VFA complexation on methane production, and b) the effect of the initial calcium and magnesium concentrations on process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chandra Maharaj
- University of Cassino and the Southern Lazio, Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Cassino, Italy; University of Naples Federico II, Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", Naples, Italy; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Maria Rosaria Mattei
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frunzo
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", Naples, Italy
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Delft, the Netherlands; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Naples, Italy
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9
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Hendriks A, van Lier J, de Kreuk M. Growth media in anaerobic fermentative processes: The underestimated potential of thermophilic fermentation and anaerobic digestion. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Banks C, Heaven S, Longhurst P. Investigation of the impact of trace elements on anaerobic volatile fatty acid degradation using a fractional factorial experimental design. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 125:458-465. [PMID: 28898703 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The requirement of trace elements (TE) in anaerobic digestion process is widely documented. However, little is understood regarding the specific requirement of elements and their critical concentrations under different operating conditions such as substrate characterisation and temperature. In this study, a flask batch trial using fractional factorial design is conducted to investigate volatile fatty acids (VFA) anaerobic degradation rate under the influence of the individual and combined effect of six TEs (Co, Ni, Mo, Se, Fe and W). The experiment inoculated with food waste digestate, spiked with sodium acetate and sodium propionate both to 10 g/l. This is followed by the addition of a selection of the six elements in accordance with a 26-2 fractional factorial principle. The experiment is conducted in duplicate and the degradation of VFA is regularly monitored. Factorial effect analysis on the experimental results reveals that within these experimental conditions, Se has a key role in promoting the degradation rates of both acetic and propionic acids; Mo and Co are found to have a modest effect on increasing propionic acid degradation rate. It is also revealed that Ni shows some inhibitory effects on VFA degradation, possibly due to its toxicity. Additionally, regression coefficients for the main and second order effects are calculated to establish regression models for VFA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Centre for Bioenergy & Resource Management, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Charles Banks
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sonia Heaven
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Philip Longhurst
- Centre for Bioenergy & Resource Management, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
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11
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Costa F, Tavares T. Sorption studies of diethylketone in the presence of Al 3+, Cd 2+, Ni 2+ and Mn 2+, from lab-scale to pilot scale. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2811-2823. [PMID: 28054835 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1278462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of diethylketone (DEK) in aqueous solution with different concentrations of Al3+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Mn2+ were evaluated at lab-scale. It was established that Streptococcus equisimilis is able to efficiently remove DEK with different concentrations with heavy metals. It was proved that this joint-system has excellent capacity to biodegrade high concentrations of DEK in the presence of Al3+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Mn2+. With the exception of Al3+, the uptake for all metals increased as the initial concentration of each metal in the mixed solution increased. The breakthrough curves are best described by the Adams and Bohart model for Cd2+, by the Yoon and Nelson model for Ni2+ and by the Wolborska model for Mn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Costa
- a Centre of Biological Engineering , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
| | - Teresa Tavares
- a Centre of Biological Engineering , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
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12
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Yeung T, Kwan M, Adler L, Mills TJ, Neilan BA, Conibeer G, Patterson R. Increased methane production in cyanobacteria and methanogenic microbe co-cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:686-692. [PMID: 28709074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel light-to-bioenergy system produced 3.5 times the baseline methane output using a co-culture of cyanobacteria (Oscillatoria sp.) and a methanogenic microbial community. Analysis of micronutrients in the system during the growth phase indicated that cobalt, iron, nickel and zinc were not appreciably consumed. The stable consumption and return of macronutrients calcium and magnesium were also observed. Essential macronutrients nitrogen, in the form of nitrate, and phosphorus showed no cycling during the growth phase and were depleted at rates of 0.35mg/L/day and 0.40µg/L/day, respectively. Biofilm formation increased the resilience of biomass to bacterial degradation in an anaerobic digester, as shown by viability assays of cyanobacterial biofilms in the co-culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Yeung
- School of Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Matthew Kwan
- School of Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lewis Adler
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Toby J Mills
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Brett A Neilan
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Gavin Conibeer
- School of Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Robert Patterson
- School of Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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13
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Thanh PM, Ketheesan B, Yan Z, Stuckey D. Effect of Ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) on the speciation and bioavailability of Fe 2+ in the presence of sulfide in anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 229:169-179. [PMID: 28110234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of a biodegradable chelating agent, Ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS), on the speciation and bioavailability of iron (Fe2+) in anaerobic digestion were examined. Fe2+ supplementation at 10mg/L increased methane yield, but the presence of 8mg/L sulfide led to the precipitation of Fe2+ as FeS which limited its bioavailability. The results confirmed that the EDDS could replace common chelating agents with low biodegradability (EDTA and NTA), and improve the bioavailability of Fe2+ by forming an Fe-EDDS complex, thereby protecting Fe2+ from sulfide precipitation. Experimental findings from sequential extraction using the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) method, and quantification of free EDDS and Fe-EDDS complex using UHPLC, confirmed that 29.82% of Fe2+ was present in bioavailable forms, i.e. soluble and exchangeable, when EDDS was added at 1:1 molar ratio to Fe2+. As a result, the methane production rate increased by 11.17%, and the methane yield increased by 13.25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Minh Thanh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Balachandran Ketheesan
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Zhou Yan
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - David Stuckey
- Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
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14
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Yekta SS, Skyllberg U, Danielsson Å, Björn A, Svensson BH. Chemical speciation of sulfur and metals in biogas reactors - Implications for cobalt and nickel bio-uptake processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:110-116. [PMID: 26777110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article deals with the interrelationship between overall chemical speciation of S, Fe, Co, and Ni in relation to metals bio-uptake processes in continuous stirred tank biogas reactors (CSTBR). To address this topic, laboratory CSTBRs digesting sulfur(S)-rich stillage, as well as full-scale CSTBRs treating sewage sludge and various combinations of organic wastes, termed co-digestion, were targeted. Sulfur speciation was evaluated using acid volatile sulfide extraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Metal speciation was evaluated by chemical fractionation, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses. Relative Fe to S content is identified as a critical factor for chemical speciation and bio-uptake of metals. In reactors treating sewage sludge, quantity of Fe exceeds that of S, inducing Fe-dominated conditions, while sulfide dominates in laboratory and co-digestion reactors due to an excess of S over Fe. Under sulfide-dominated conditions, metals availability for microorganisms is restricted due to formation of metal-sulfide precipitates. However, aqueous concentrations of different Co and Ni species were shown to be sufficient to support metal acquisition by microorganisms under sulfidic conditions. Concentrations of free metal ions and labile metal complexes in aqueous phase, which directly participate in bio-uptake processes, are higher under Fe-dominated conditions. This in turn enhances metal adsorption on cell surfaces and bio-uptake rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Åsa Danielsson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Annika Björn
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bo H Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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15
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Lu X, Zhen G, Ni J, Kubota K, Li YY. Sulfidogenesis process to strengthen re-granulation for biodegradation of methanolic wastewater and microorganisms evolution in an UASB reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 108:137-150. [PMID: 27817890 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale methanolic wastewater-fed (3000 mg COD L-1) UASB reactor was operated for 235 days to evaluate the influence of the sulfidogenesis process on metabolic routes, the re-granulation of dispersed granules and long-term process performance. Various sulfidogenesis scenarios were created by stepwise decreasing the influent COD/SO42- ratio from 20 to 0.5 at a fixed organic loading rate (OLR) of 12 g COD L-1 d-1. It was shown that the conversion of methanol to methane was stable at a wide COD/SO42- range of ≥2, attaining high biogas production rate of 3.78 ± 0.32 L L-1 d-1 with efficient concurrent removal of the total COD (96.5 ± 4.4%) and sulfate (56.3 ± 13.0%). The methane content in biogas remained relatively stable at 81.5 ± 1.6% for all COD/SO42- ratios tested. The particle size of the granules was shown to clearly increase as the COD/SO42- ratios decreased. A slight linear decline was noted in the number of electrons utilized by methane producing archaea (MPA) (from 98.5 ± 0.5% to 80.0 ± 2.4%), whereas consumption by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) increased (from 1.5 ± 0.5% to 20.0 ± 2.4%) with the decreasing COD/SO42- ratio. According to the results of activity tests and microbial community analysis, the conversion of methanol to methane at a low COD/SO42- ratio, except from Methanomethylovorans sp., depends not only on low levels of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, but also on incomplete oxidizer SRB species (e.g. Desulfovibrio sp.) that utilize H2-CO2 with acetate to mineralize the methanol. This serves to diversify the metabolic pathway of methanol. Further analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a lower COD/SO42- ratio favored the sulfidogenesis process and diversified the microbial community inside the reactor. The benefical sulfidogenesis process subsequently invoked the formation of a sufficient, rigid [-Fe-EPS-]n network (EPS: extracellular polymeric substances), binding and immobilizing the sludge, and resulting in the re-granulation of the dispersed granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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16
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Menon A, Wang JY, Giannis A. Optimization of micronutrient supplement for enhancing biogas production from food waste in two-phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:465-475. [PMID: 27765492 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance the biogas productivity of two-phase thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) using food waste (FW) as the primary substrate. The influence of adding four trace metals (Ca, Mg, Co, and Ni) as micronutrient supplement in the methanogenic phase of the thermophilic system was investigated. Initially, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimal concentration of micronutrients in batch experiments. The results showed that optimal concentrations of 303, 777, 7 and 3mg/L of Ca, Mg, Co and Ni, respectively, increased the biogas productivity as much as 50% and significantly reduced the processing time. The formulated supplement was tested in continuous two-phase thermophilic AD system with regard to process stability and productivity. It was found that a destabilized thermophilic AD process encountering high VFA accumulation recovered in less than two weeks, while the biogas production was improved by 40% yielding 0.46L CH4/gVSadded/day. There was also a major increase in soluble COD utilization upon the addition of micronutrient supplement. The results of this study indicate that a micronutrient supplement containing Ca, Mg, Co and Ni could probably remedy any type of thermophilic AD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Menon
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Jing-Yuan Wang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Apostolos Giannis
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre (R3C), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore.
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17
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Neubeck A, Sjöberg S, Price A, Callac N, Schnürer A. Effect of Nickel Levels on Hydrogen Partial Pressure and Methane Production in Methanogens. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168357. [PMID: 27992585 PMCID: PMC5161503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) consumption and methane (CH4) production in pure cultures of three different methanogens were investigated during cultivation with 0, 0.2 and 4.21 μM added nickel (Ni). The results showed that the level of dissolved Ni in the anaerobic growth medium did not notably affect CH4 production in the cytochrome-free methanogenic species Methanobacterium bryantii and Methanoculleus bourgensis MAB1, but affected CH4 formation rate in the cytochrome-containing Methanosarcina barkeri grown on H2and CO2. Methanosarcina barkeri also had the highest amounts of Ni in its cells, indicating that more Ni is needed by cytochrome-containing than by cytochrome-free methanogenic species. The concentration of Ni affected threshold values of H2 partial pressure (pH2) for all three methanogen species studied, with M. bourgensis MAB1 reaching pH2 values as low as 0.1 Pa when Ni was available in amounts used in normal anaerobic growth medium. To our knowledge, this is the lowest pH2 threshold recorded to date in pure methanogen culture, which suggests that M.bourgensis MAB1 have a competitive advantage over other species through its ability to grow at low H2 concentrations. Our study has implications for research on the H2-driven deep subsurface biosphere and biogas reactor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Neubeck
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Susanne Sjöberg
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex Price
- Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Nolwenn Callac
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Department of Microbiology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Jing H, Cheung S, Zhou Z, Wu C, Nagarajan S, Liu H. Spatial Variations of the Methanogenic Communities in the Sediments of Tropical Mangroves. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161065. [PMID: 27684479 PMCID: PMC5042419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methane production by methanogens in mangrove sediments is known to contribute significantly to global warming, but studies on the shift of methanogenic community in response to anthropogenic contaminations were still limited. In this study, the effect of anthropogenic activities in the mangrove sediments along the north and south coastlines of Singapore were investigated by pyrosequencing of the mcrA gene. Our results showed that hydrogenotrophic, acetoclastic and methylotrophic methanogens coexist in the sediments. The predominance of the methylotrophic Methanosarcinales reflects the potential for high methane production as well as the possible availability of low acetate and high methylated C-1 compounds as substrates. A decline in the number of acetoclastic/methylotrophic methanogens in favor of hydrogenotrophic methanogens was observed along a vertical profile in Sungei Changi, which was contaminated by heavy metals. The diversity of methanogens in the various contaminated stations was significantly different from that in a pristine St. John's Island. The spatial variation in the methanogenic communities among the different stations was more distinct than those along the vertical profiles at each station. We suggest that the overall heterogeneity of the methanogenic communities residing in the tropical mangrove sediments might be due to the accumulated effects of temperature and concentrations of nitrate, cobalt, and nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Jing
- Sanya Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Shunyan Cheung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering and School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Nagarajan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
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19
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Linville JL, Shen Y, Schoene RP, Nguyen M, Urgun-Demirtas M, Snyder SW. Impact of trace element additives on anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with in-situ carbon dioxide sequestration. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Thanh PM, Ketheesan B, Yan Z, Stuckey D. Trace metal speciation and bioavailability in anaerobic digestion: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:122-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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González-Suárez A, Pereda-Reyes I, Pozzi E, da Silva AJ, Oliva-Merencio D, Zaiat M. Effect of Natural Mineral on Methane Production and Process Stability During Semi-Continuous Mono-Digestion of Maize Straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 178:1522-33. [PMID: 26728653 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of natural mineral on the mono-digestion of maize straw was evaluated in continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) at 38 °C. Different strategies of mineral addition were studied. The organic loading rate (OLR) was varied from 0.5 to 2.5 g volatile solid (VS) L(-1) d(-1). A daily addition of 1 g mineral L(-1) in reactor 2 (R2) diminished the methane production by about 11 % with respect to the initial phase. However, after a gradual addition of mineral, an average methane yield of 257 NmL CH4 g VS(-1) was reached and the methane production was enhanced by 30 % with regard to R1. An increase in the frequency of mineral addition did not enhance the methane production. The archaeal community was more sensitive to the mineral than the bacterial population whose similarity stayed high between R1 and R2. Significant difference in methane yield was found for both reactors throughout the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A González-Suárez
- Study Center for Process Engineering (CIPRO), Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverría" (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba.
| | - I Pereda-Reyes
- Study Center for Process Engineering (CIPRO), Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverría" (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba
| | - E Pozzi
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - A José da Silva
- School of Agricultural Engineering (FEAGRI), University of Campinas, Cândido Rondon, 501, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - D Oliva-Merencio
- Study Center for Renewable Energy Technology (Ceter), Instituto Superior Politécnico "José Antonio Echeverría" (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba
| | - M Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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22
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FitzGerald JA, Allen E, Wall DM, Jackson SA, Murphy JD, Dobson ADW. Methanosarcina Play an Important Role in Anaerobic Co-Digestion of the Seaweed Ulva lactuca: Taxonomy and Predicted Metabolism of Functional Microbial Communities. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142603. [PMID: 26555136 PMCID: PMC4640829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Macro-algae represent an ideal resource of third generation biofuels, but their use necessitates a refinement of commonly used anaerobic digestion processes. In a previous study, contrasting mixes of dairy slurry and the macro-alga Ulva lactuca were anaerobically digested in mesophilic continuously stirred tank reactors for 40 weeks. Higher proportions of U. lactuca in the feedstock led to inhibited digestion and rapid accumulation of volatile fatty acids, requiring a reduced organic loading rate. In this study, 16S pyrosequencing was employed to characterise the microbial communities of both the weakest (R1) and strongest (R6) performing reactors from the previous work as they developed over a 39 and 27-week period respectively. Comparing the reactor communities revealed clear differences in taxonomy, predicted metabolic orientation and mechanisms of inhibition, while constrained canonical analysis (CCA) showed ammonia and biogas yield to be the strongest factors differentiating the two reactor communities. Significant biomarker taxa and predicted metabolic activities were identified for viable and failing anaerobic digestion of U. lactuca. Acetoclastic methanogens were inhibited early in R1 operation, followed by a gradual decline of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Near-total loss of methanogens led to an accumulation of acetic acid that reduced performance of R1, while a slow decline in biogas yield in R6 could be attributed to inhibition of acetogenic rather than methanogenic activity. The improved performance of R6 is likely to have been as a result of the large Methanosarcina population, which enabled rapid removal of acetic acid, providing favourable conditions for substrate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. FitzGerald
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland, Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI) Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin Allen
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland, Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI) Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - David M. Wall
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland, Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI) Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephen A. Jackson
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jerry D. Murphy
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Engineering, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland, Marine Renewable Energy Ireland (MaREI) Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alan D. W. Dobson
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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23
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Improving Biomethane Production and Mass Bioconversion of Corn Stover Anaerobic Digestion by Adding NaOH Pretreatment and Trace Elements. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:125241. [PMID: 26137469 PMCID: PMC4468275 DOI: 10.1155/2015/125241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research applied sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatment and trace elements to improve biomethane production when using corn stover for anaerobic digestion. Full-factor experimental tests identified the best combination of trace elements with the NaOH pretreatment, indicating that the best combination was with 1.0, 0.4, and 0.4 mg·L(-1)·d(-1) of elements Fe, Co, and Ni, respectively. The cumulative biomethane production adding NaOH pretreatment and trace elements was 11,367 mL; total solid bioconversion rate was 55.7%, which was 41.8%-62.2% higher than with NaOH-pretreatment alone and 22.2%-56.3% higher than with untreated corn stover. The best combination was obtained 5-9 days shorter than T90 and maintained good system operation stability. Only a fraction of the trace elements in the best combination was present in the resulting solution; more than 85% of the total amounts added were transferred into the solid fraction. Adding 0.897 g of Fe, 0.389 g of Co, and 0.349 g of Ni satisfied anaerobic digestion needs and enhanced biological activity at the beginning of the operation. The results showed that NaOH pretreatment and adding trace elements improve corn stover biodegradability and enhance biomethane production.
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24
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Huiliñir C, Montalvo S, Guerrero L. Biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge: effect of fly ash and modeling. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:230-237. [PMID: 26177405 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of fly ash on biodegradability and methane production from secondary paper and pulp sludge, including its modeling, was evaluated. Three tests with fly ash concentrations of 0, 10 and 20 mg/L were evaluated at 32 °C. Methane production was modeled using the modified Gompertz equation. The results show that the doses used produce a statistically significant increase of accumulated methane, giving values greater than 225 mL of CH4 per gram of volatile solids (VS) added, and 135% greater than that obtained in the control assay. Biodegradability of VS increased 143% with respect to the control assays, giving values around 43%. The modified Gompertz model can describe well methane generation from residual sludge of the paper industry water treatment, with parameter values between those reported in the literature. Thus, the addition of fly ash to the process causes a significant increase of accumulated methane and VS removal, improving the biodegradability of paper and pulp sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Huiliñir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile E-mail:
| | - Silvio Montalvo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile E-mail:
| | - Lorna Guerrero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Marıa, Valparaıso, Chile
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25
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Olaniran AO, Balgobind A, Pillay B. Bioavailability of heavy metals in soil: impact on microbial biodegradation of organic compounds and possible improvement strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:10197-228. [PMID: 23676353 PMCID: PMC3676836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140510197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-contamination of the environment with toxic chlorinated organic and heavy metal pollutants is one of the major problems facing industrialized nations today. Heavy metals may inhibit biodegradation of chlorinated organics by interacting with enzymes directly involved in biodegradation or those involved in general metabolism. Predictions of metal toxicity effects on organic pollutant biodegradation in co-contaminated soil and water environments is difficult since heavy metals may be present in a variety of chemical and physical forms. Recent advances in bioremediation of co-contaminated environments have focussed on the use of metal-resistant bacteria (cell and gene bioaugmentation), treatment amendments, clay minerals and chelating agents to reduce bioavailable heavy metal concentrations. Phytoremediation has also shown promise as an emerging alternative clean-up technology for co-contaminated environments. However, despite various investigations, in both aerobic and anaerobic systems, demonstrating that metal toxicity hampers the biodegradation of the organic component, a paucity of information exists in this area of research. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the problems associated with the degradation of chlorinated organics in co-contaminated environments, owing to metal toxicity and shed light on possible improvement strategies for effective bioremediation of sites co-contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola O. Olaniran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; E-Mails: (A.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Adhika Balgobind
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; E-Mails: (A.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Balakrishna Pillay
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; E-Mails: (A.B.); (B.P.)
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26
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Gustavsson J, Yekta SS, Karlsson A, Skyllberg U, Svensson BH. Potential bioavailability and chemical forms of Co and Ni in the biogas process-An evaluation based on sequential and acid volatile sulfide extractions. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201200162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Gustavsson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Water and Environment; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | - Sepehr Shakeri Yekta
- Department of Thematic Studies-Water and Environment; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | | | - Ulf Skyllberg
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Umeå Sweden
| | - Bo H. Svensson
- Department of Thematic Studies-Water and Environment; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
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Facchin V, Cavinato C, Fatone F, Pavan P, Cecchi F, Bolzonella D. Effect of trace element supplementation on the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of foodwaste in batch trials: The influence of inoculum origin. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gonzalez-Gil G, Lopes SIC, Saikaly PE, Lens PNL. Leaching and accumulation of trace elements in sulfate reducing granular sludge under concomitant thermophilic and low pH conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 126:238-246. [PMID: 23073114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The leaching and/or accumulation of trace elements in sulfate reducing granular sludge systems was investigated. Two thermophilic up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors operated at pH 5 were fed with sucrose (4 gCOD l(reactor)(-1)d(-1)) and sulfate at different COD/SO(4)(2-) ratios. During the start-up of such acidogenic systems, an initial leaching of trace elements from the inoculum sludge occurred regardless of trace elements supplementation in the reactor influent. The granular sludge maintained the physical structure despite high Fe leaching. After start-up and nonetheless the acidic conditions, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and Se were retained or accumulated by the sludge when added. Particularly, Ni and Co accumulated in the carbonates and exchangeable fractions ensuring potential bioavailability. Otherwise, the initial stock in the inoculum sludge sufficed to operate the process for nearly 1 year without supplementation of trace elements and no significant sludge wash-out occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gonzalez-Gil
- Pollution Prevention and Control Core, UNESCO-IHE, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands
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Tayà C, Guerrero J, Vanneste G, Guisasola A, Baeza JA. Methanol-driven enhanced biological phosphorus removal with a syntrophic consortium. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 110:391-400. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Unal B, Perry VR, Sheth M, Gomez-Alvarez V, Chin KJ, Nüsslein K. Trace elements affect methanogenic activity and diversity in enrichments from subsurface coal bed produced water. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:175. [PMID: 22590465 PMCID: PMC3349271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial methane from coal beds accounts for a significant and growing percentage of natural gas worldwide. Our knowledge of physical and geochemical factors regulating methanogenesis is still in its infancy. We hypothesized that in these closed systems, trace elements (as micronutrients) are a limiting factor for methanogenic growth and activity. Trace elements are essential components of enzymes or cofactors of metabolic pathways associated with methanogenesis. This study examined the effects of eight trace elements (iron, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, boron, and copper) on methane production, on mcrA transcript levels, and on methanogenic community structure in enrichment cultures obtained from coal bed methane (CBM) well produced water samples from the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Methane production was shown to be limited both by a lack of additional trace elements as well as by the addition of an overly concentrated trace element mixture. Addition of trace elements at concentrations optimized for standard media enhanced methane production by 37%. After 7 days of incubation, the levels of mcrA transcripts in enrichment cultures with trace element amendment were much higher than in cultures without amendment. Transcript levels of mcrA correlated positively with elevated rates of methane production in supplemented enrichments (R2 = 0.95). Metabolically active methanogens, identified by clone sequences of mcrA mRNA retrieved from enrichment cultures, were closely related to Methanobacterium subterraneum and Methanobacterium formicicum. Enrichment cultures were dominated by M. subterraneum and had slightly higher predicted methanogenic richness, but less diversity than enrichment cultures without amendments. These results suggest that varying concentrations of trace elements in produced water from different subsurface coal wells may cause changing levels of CBM production and alter the composition of the active methanogenic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Unal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA
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Glass JB, Orphan VJ. Trace metal requirements for microbial enzymes involved in the production and consumption of methane and nitrous oxide. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:61. [PMID: 22363333 PMCID: PMC3282944 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluxes of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere are heavily influenced by microbiological activity. Microbial enzymes involved in the production and consumption of greenhouse gases often contain metal cofactors. While extensive research has examined the influence of Fe bioavailability on microbial CO(2) cycling, fewer studies have explored metal requirements for microbial production and consumption of the second- and third-most abundant greenhouse gases, methane (CH(4)), and nitrous oxide (N(2)O). Here we review the current state of biochemical, physiological, and environmental research on transition metal requirements for microbial CH(4) and N(2)O cycling. Methanogenic archaea require large amounts of Fe, Ni, and Co (and some Mo/W and Zn). Low bioavailability of Fe, Ni, and Co limits methanogenesis in pure and mixed cultures and environmental studies. Anaerobic methane oxidation by anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) likely occurs via reverse methanogenesis since ANME possess most of the enzymes in the methanogenic pathway. Aerobic CH(4) oxidation uses Cu or Fe for the first step depending on Cu availability, and additional Fe, Cu, and Mo for later steps. N(2)O production via classical anaerobic denitrification is primarily Fe-based, whereas aerobic pathways (nitrifier denitrification and archaeal ammonia oxidation) require Cu in addition to, or possibly in place of, Fe. Genes encoding the Cu-containing N(2)O reductase, the only known enzyme capable of microbial N(2)O conversion to N(2), have only been found in classical denitrifiers. Accumulation of N(2)O due to low Cu has been observed in pure cultures and a lake ecosystem, but not in marine systems. Future research is needed on metalloenzymes involved in the production of N(2)O by enrichment cultures of ammonia oxidizing archaea, biological mechanisms for scavenging scarce metals, and possible links between metal bioavailability and greenhouse gas fluxes in anaerobic environments where metals may be limiting due to sulfide-metal scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. Glass
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of TechnologyPasadena, CA, USA
| | - Victoria J. Orphan
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of TechnologyPasadena, CA, USA
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Shakeri Yekta S, Gustavsson J, Svensson BH, Skyllberg U. Sulfur K-edge XANES and acid volatile sulfide analyses of changes in chemical speciation of S and Fe during sequential extraction of trace metals in anoxic sludge from biogas reactors. Talanta 2012; 89:470-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pobeheim H, Munk B, Lindorfer H, Guebitz GM. Impact of nickel and cobalt on biogas production and process stability during semi-continuous anaerobic fermentation of a model substrate for maize silage. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:781-787. [PMID: 20875911 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The importance of nickel and cobalt on anaerobic degradation of a defined model substrate for maize was demonstrated. Five semi-continuous reactors were operated for 250 days at 35 °C and a well-defined trace metal solution was added to all reactors. Two reactors each were limited regarding the concentration of Ni(2+) and Co(2+), respectively, for certain time intervals. The required nickel concentration was depending on the organic loading rates (OLR) while, for example, above 2.6 g ODM L(-1) d(-1) nickel concentrations below 0.06 mg kg(-1) FM in the process significantly decreased biogas production by up to 25% compared to a control reactor containing 0.8 mg Ni(2+) kg(-1) FM. Similarly, limitation of cobalt to 0.02 mg kg(-1) FM decreased biogas production by about 10%. Limitations of nickel as well as cobalt lead to process instability. However, after gradual addition of nickel till 0.6 mg and cobalt till 0.05 mg kg(-1) FM the OLR was again increased to 4.3 g ODM L(-1) d(-1) while process stability was recovered and a fast metabolisation of acetic and propionic acid was detected. An increase of nickel to 0.88 mg kg(-1) FM did not enhance biogas performance. Furthermore, the increase of cobalt from 0.05 mg kg(-1) FM up to 0.07 mg kg(-1) FM did not exhibit a change in anaerobic fermentation and biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Pobeheim
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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Kiefer P, Buchhaupt M, Christen P, Kaup B, Schrader J, Vorholt JA. Metabolite profiling uncovers plasmid-induced cobalt limitation under methylotrophic growth conditions. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7831. [PMID: 19915676 PMCID: PMC2773004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction and maintenance of plasmids in cells is often associated with a reduction of growth rate. The reason for this growth reduction is unclear in many cases. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We observed a surprisingly large reduction in growth rate of about 50% of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 during methylotrophic growth in the presence of a plasmid, pCM80 expressing the tetA gene, relative to the wild-type. A less pronounced growth delay during growth under non-methylotrophic growth conditions was observed; this suggested an inhibition of one-carbon metabolism rather than a general growth inhibition or metabolic burden. Metabolome analyses revealed an increase in pool sizes of ethylmalonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA of more than 6- and 35-fold, respectively, relative to wild type, suggesting a strongly reduced conversion of these central intermediates, which are essential for glyoxylate regeneration in this model methylotroph. Similar results were found for M. extorquens AM1 pCM160 which confers kanamycin resistance. These intermediates of the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway have in common their conversion by coenzyme B(12)-dependent mutases, which have cobalt as a central ligand. The one-carbon metabolism-related growth delay was restored by providing higher cobalt concentrations, by heterologous expression of isocitrate lyase as an alternative path for glyoxylate regeneration, or by identification and overproduction of proteins involved in cobalt import. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that the introduction of the plasmids leads to an apparent inhibition of the cobalt-dependent enzymes of the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway. Possible explanations are presented and point to a limited cobalt concentration in the cell as a consequence of the antibiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kiefer
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Buchhaupt
- Karl-Winnacker-Institut, Dechema e.V., Biochemical Engineering, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Björn Kaup
- Karl-Winnacker-Institut, Dechema e.V., Biochemical Engineering, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Schrader
- Karl-Winnacker-Institut, Dechema e.V., Biochemical Engineering, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia A. Vorholt
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Gikas P. Single and combined effects of nickel (Ni(II)) and cobalt (Co(II)) ions on activated sludge and on other aerobic microorganisms: a review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 159:187-203. [PMID: 18394791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2007] [Revised: 02/16/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (N(II)) and cobalt (Co(II)) are often encountered in wastewaters. As conventional wastewater treatment may only partially remove nickel and cobalt, a large fraction of the above metals is released to the aquatic environment. Both metals have been identified as micronutrients, at trace concentrations; however, they are both microbial growth inhibitors, at relatively high concentrations. On the other hand, the combined effects (e.g.: growth stimulation or toxicity) of the above metals have been found to differ from the summation of the effects which occur when the metals are applied individually. Moreover, a number of environmental factors (e.g.: pH, biomedium composition, biomass concentration, presence of other heavy metals) can affect the microbial toxicity of the above metallic species. The present review discusses, in a systematic way, the individual and joint effects of the above heavy metals to the growth of microorganisms grown under aerobic conditions, with focus on the growth of activated sludge. Data on multi-metal toxicity are particularly useful in establishing criteria for heavy metal tolerance levels in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Gikas
- Ministry of Environmental Planning and Public Works, General Secretariat of Public Works, Special Service of Public Works for Greater Athens Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, and Central Water Agency, Varvaki 12, Athens 11474, Greece.
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Fermoso FG, Bartacek J, Chung LC, Lens P. Supplementation of cobalt to UASB reactors by pulse dosing: CoCl2 versus CoEDTA2− pulses. Biochem Eng J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lin CW, Cheng YW, Tsai SL. Influences of metals on kinetics of methyl tert-butyl ether biodegradation by Ochrobactrum cytisi. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 69:1485-91. [PMID: 17555790 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The influence of zinc, manganese, and nickel on the degradation of MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether), by an aerobic MTBE-degrading strain, Ochrobactrum cytisi, were investigated. The result showed that unlike previous findings, O. cytisi was able to degrade MTBE through direct metabolism when MTBE was present as the only carbon source. The degradation rate of MTBE was rapid, completed within 80 h. MTBE biodegradation by this strain was stimulated at low concentrations of Zn(2+) (1-5 mg l(-1)) and Mn(2+) (1-5 mg l(-1)) but inhibited at high concentrations of Zn(2+) (20 mg l(-1)) and Mn(2+) (20 mg l(-1)), and at low concentration of Ni(2+) (1-4 mg l(-1)). Kinetic parameters for MTBE degradation in the presence or absence of metals were obtained through nonlinear regression and a least-square minimization procedure. In all cases, a good agreement was achieved between kinetic simulations and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wen Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, 112 Shanjiao Road, Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan, ROC.
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40
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Gikas P. Kinetic responses of activated sludge to individual and joint nickel (Ni(II)) and cobalt (Co(II)): An isobolographic approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 143:246-56. [PMID: 17045395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Revised: 09/02/2006] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Ni(II) and Co(II) on the activated sludge growth rate have been assessed for a batch growth system, for a range of concentrations between 0 and 320 mg L(-1). The activated sludge was not acclimatized to the above metallic species, while a synthetic rich growth medium was used as substrate throughout out the experimental trials. Ni(II) and Co(II) have been found to stimulate microbial growth at concentrations approximately below 27 and 19 mg L(-1), with maximum stimulation concentrations 10 and 5 mg L(-1), respectively. The lethal concentrations (zero growth) for both species have been found to lie between 160 and 320 mg L(-1), with Co(II) identified as more potent growth inhibitor compared to Ni(II). The behaviour of activated sludge was also tested at the presence of three Ni(II) and Co(II) quotas, at various concentrations (75%Ni-25%Co (w/w), 50%Ni-50%Co (w/w) and 25%Ni-75%Co (w/w)). All the mixtures stimulated more drastically the activated sludge growth at relatively small concentrations, compared with the stimulation of equal concentrations of single species, whilst they also acted as more potent inhibitors at relatively high concentrations. Based on the isobole method, the data indicated that Ni(II) and Co(II) acted synergistically at the increasing stimulation and at the intoxication zones, whilst an antagonistic relation determined at the decreasing stimulation zone. Under the light of the present study, it is obvious that interactions (particularly synergism) between different metallic species should be taken into account in the methodologies used to establish criteria for tolerance levels in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Gikas
- Ministry of Environmental Planning and Public Works, General Secretariat of Public Works, Special Service of Public Works for Greater Athens Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, Varvaki 12, Athens 11474, Greece.
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Hausrath EM, Liermann LJ, House CH, Ferry JG, Brantley SL. The effect of methanogen growth on mineral substrates: will Ni markers of methanogen-based communities be detectable in the rock record? GEOBIOLOGY 2007; 5:49-61. [PMID: 36298875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2007.00095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Methanogens, thought to be present on early Earth, have a high requirement for Ni, suggesting that Ni utilization could be a potential biosignature for methanogens if enhanced Ni extraction from surrounding minerals accompanies methanogenic growth. To test the potential for such Ni extraction from minerals by methanogens, Ni release from Ni-containing silicate glass was measured in Ni-free growth medium in the presence of the methanogen Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus (average pH ∼7.0) and observed to be higher than an abiotic control (average pH ∼6.8). However, batch dissolution experiments and a siderophore assay indicate that cell exudates such as siderophores, low molecular weight organic acids, or lysates accompanying cell death are not responsible for the observed increase in Ni release rate. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows little to no evidence of direct microbe-mineral interactions such as biofilms or pitting. Instead, comparison with abiotic experiments suggests that changes in pH due to CO2 uptake may be responsible for enhanced dissolution in the presence of metabolizing cells. These results document that methanogens may not preferentially extract Ni from surrounding minerals although they may indirectly affect mineral reaction rates that are pH sensitive. Thus identifiable Ni biosignatures may not exist in the rock record to document the presence of methanogens on early Earth or Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Hausrath
- Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laura J Liermann
- Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Christopher H House
- Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - James G Ferry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Susan L Brantley
- Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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42
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The impact of Co and Ni speciation on methanogenesis in sulfidic media—Biouptake versus metal dissolution. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zandvoort MH, van Hullebusch ED, Gieteling J, Lens PN. Granular sludge in full-scale anaerobic bioreactors: Trace element content and deficiencies. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jansen S, Steffen F, Threels WF, Van Leeuwen HP. Speciation of Co(II) and Ni(II) in anaerobic bioreactors measured by competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive stripping voltammetry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:9493-9. [PMID: 16475327 DOI: 10.1021/es050492l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive stripping voltammetry is applied to speciation analysis of dissolved Ni(II) and Co(II) in an anaerobic bioreactor and similar batch media. Co and Ni speciation in these media can be measured down to concentration levels of ca. 1 nM. Sulfide interference is avoided via removal as H2S. In methanogenic bioreactors, up to 95% of the dissolved Co and Ni is present in strongly bound forms, with complex stabilities > or =10(8)-10(9) and 10(7)-10(8) mol(-1) L, respectively. In effluent from sulfate-reducing bioreactors, Co is also found to be present in a strongly bound form, and up to micromolar levels of strongly complexing excess ligand was detected. The predominant presence of Co and Ni in strong complexes, with concomitant low free dissolved concentrations, is significant for limitation by these elements in anaerobic bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Jansen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Roest K, Altinbas M, Paulo PL, Heilig HGHJ, Akkermans ADL, Smidt H, de Vos WM, Stams AJM. Enrichment and detection of microorganisms involved in direct and indirect methanogenesis from methanol in an anaerobic thermophilic bioreactor. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2005; 50:440-6. [PMID: 16328652 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-005-0237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2004] [Accepted: 03/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the microorganisms involved in direct and indirect methane formation from methanol in a laboratory-scale thermophilic (55 degrees C) methanogenic bioreactor, reactor sludge was disrupted and serial dilutions were incubated in specific growth media containing methanol and possible intermediates of methanol degradation as substrates. With methanol, growth was observed up to a dilution of 10(8). However, when Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus strain Z245 was added for H2 removal, growth was observed up to a 10(10)-fold dilution. With H2/CO2 and acetate, growth was observed up to dilutions of 10(9) and 10(4), respectively. Dominant microorganisms in the different dilutions were identified by 16S rRNA-gene diversity and sequence analysis. Furthermore, dilution polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed a similar relative abundance of Archaea and Bacteria in all investigated samples, except in enrichment with acetate, which contained 100 times less archaeal DNA than bacterial DNA. The most abundant bacteria in the culture with methanol and strain Z245 were most closely related to Moorella glycerini. Thermodesulfovibrio relatives were found with high sequence similarity in the H2/CO2 enrichment, but also in the original laboratory-scale bioreactor sludge. Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus strains were the most abundant hydrogenotrophic archaea in the H2/CO2 enrichment. The dominant methanol-utilizing methanogen, which was present in the 10(8)-dilution, was most closely related to Methanomethylovorans hollandica. Compared to direct methanogenesis, results of this study indicate that syntrophic, interspecies hydrogen transfer-dependent methanol conversion is equally important in the thermophilic bioreactor, confirming previous findings with labeled substrates and specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kees Roest
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Hesselink van Suchtelenweg 4, NL-6703 CT, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Hoffman DR, Okon JL, Sandrin TR. Medium composition affects the degree and pattern of cadmium inhibition of naphthalene biodegradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2005; 59:919-927. [PMID: 15823325 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2004] [Revised: 11/04/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metals have been reported to inhibit organic pollutant biodegradation; however, widely varying degrees and patterns of inhibition have been reported. To investigate the roles of medium composition and metal bioavailability on these different degrees and patterns of inhibition, we assessed the impact of cadmium on naphthalene biodegradation by a newly isolated strain of Comamonas testosteroni in three chemically-defined minimal salts media (MSM): Tris-buffered MSM, PIPES-buffered MSM, and Bushnell-Haas medium. Cadmium (total concentrations of 100 and 500 microM) inhibited biodegradation in each medium. Degrees of inhibition were different in each medium. Cadmium was most inhibitory in PIPES-buffered MSM and least inhibitory in Bushnell-Haas. For example, in Bushnell-Haas medium, 100 microM cadmium reduced the cell yield more than 4-fold compared to controls not containing cadmium. The same concentration of cadmium completely inhibited growth in PIPES-buffered MSM. No difference in inhibition was observed in any medium when cadmium was added 24 h before inoculation rather than when added within one minute of inoculation. Two patterns of inhibition were observed. Inhibition occurred in a dose dependent pattern in Tris- and PIPES-buffered MSM and in a non-dose dependent pattern in Bushnell-Haas. Specifically, in Bushnell-Haas, 100 microM total cadmium extended the lag phase by 23+/-8.66 h, whereas 500 microM did not extend the lag phase. Soluble, ionic cadmium (Cd2+) concentrations were measured and modeled in each medium to assess cadmium bioavailability. In media containing 500 microM total cadmium, bioavailability was highest in Tris- and PIPES-buffered MSM and lowest in Bushnell-Haas. In Bushnell-Haas, cadmium bioavailability was initially higher in the 500 microM treatments (196+/-21.2 microM) than in the 100 microM treatments (78.2+/-2.04 microM); however, after 12 h, bioavailability was higher in the 100 microM treatments (56.4+/-24.8 micro) than the 500 microM treatments (13.3+/-1.2 microM). These data suggest that the type of medium determines the degrees and patterns by which metals inhibit biodegradation and emphasize the importance of coupling metal toxicity and bioavailability data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Hoffman
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, 800 Algoma Blvd, 142 Halsey Science Center, Oshkosh, WI 54901, USA
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Paulo PL, Jiang B, Cysneiros D, Stams AJM, Lettinga G. Effect of cobalt on the anaerobic thermophilic conversion of methanol. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 85:434-41. [PMID: 14755561 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The importance of cobalt on the anaerobic conversion of methanol under thermophilic conditions was studied in three parallel lab-scale UASB-reactors and in cobalt-limited enriched cultures. Reactors R1, R2, and R3 were fed with methanol in a bicarbonate-buffered medium, supplied with iron and macronutrients: in R1 all metals were supplied (control), R2 was cobalt deprived, and in R3 all metals were deprived. In the 136 days of continuous experiment, a drop in performance was observed over the last 30 days. Particularly in R3, both methanol removal and methane formation dropped by 7.1% and 13.7%, respectively, compared to the control reactor, R1. When the medium was cobalt-deprived, acetate was not produced and, as a consequence, the enriched consortium lost its capacity to degrade acetate, indicating that the acetotrophic microorganisms were washed out. The addition of 0.5 microM of cobalt to a cobalt-deprived enrichment culture led to acetate accumulation. The results obtained in this study indicate that the mixed consortium requires a proper amount of cobalt, and its addition to a concentration of 0.1 microM leads to the highest methanol conversion rate, with methane as the sole end product from methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula L Paulo
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zandvoort MH, Gieteling J, Lettinga G, Lens PNL. Stimulation of methanol degradation in UASB reactors: In situ versus pre-loading cobalt on anaerobic granular sludge. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 87:897-904. [PMID: 15334416 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effect of pre-loading and in situ loading of cobalt onto a cobalt-limited granular sludge on the performance of methanol fed bioreactors was investigated. One upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor was inoculated with cobalt pre-loaded sludge (24h; 30 degrees C; 1 mM CoCl2) and a second UASB with unloaded sludge. The UASB reactors (30 degrees C; pH 7) were operated for 77 days at 8 h hydraulic retention time and organic loading rates ranging from 5 to 20 g COD.L reactor(-1).d(-1). Cobalt pre-loading clearly stimulated the methanogenic activity of the sludge with methanol as the substrate, e.g., after 30 days of reactor operation this activity was 5.8 times higher than that of the cobalt unloaded sludge. During the experiment, part of the cobalt leached from the pre-loaded sludge, i.e., 54% of the cobalt content was lost during the 77 days of reactor operation. Sequential metal extraction showed that losses mainly occurred from the exchangeable and carbonate fraction and in the sludge remaining cobalt was mainly present in the organic/sulfide fraction of the sludge. In situ loading of cobalt in the unloaded UASB reactor on day 57 by adding 31 microM cobalt to the influent for a 24-h period (16% of the cobalt present in the loaded sludge at day 11) resulted in a 4 time increase of the methanogenic activity of the sludge with methanol as the substrate at the end of the reactor experiment, while the accumulated amount of cobalt in the sludge only amounted to 6% of the cobalt accumulated in the loaded sludge (on day 11). This study showed that both pre-loading sludge and in situ loading are adequate for achieving an increased reactor performance of methanol fed UASB reactors operating under cobalt limitation. However, the in situ dosing procedure needs substantially lower amounts of cobalt, while it also gives significantly smaller losses of cobalt with the effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel H Zandvoort
- Subdepartment of Environmental Technology, Agricultural University of Wageningen, Biotechnion--Bomenweg, 2, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV, The Netherlands
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Osuna MB, Zandvoort MH, Iza JM, Lettinga G, Lens PNL. Effects of trace element addition on volatile fatty acid conversions in anaerobic granular sludge reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2003; 24:573-587. [PMID: 12803250 DOI: 10.1080/09593330309385592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the addition of trace elements on the conversion of a mixture of volatile fatty adds (Acetate, Propionate, Butyrate, in a ratio 3:1:1) by anaerobic granular sludge was investiated. Two Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed reactors (pH 7, ranging 30 degrees C) were operated for 140 days at an organic loading rate from 2 g COD l(-1) d(-1) up to 10 g COD l(-1) d(-1) and a hydraulic retention time of 12 hours. One reactor (R1) was supplied with a trace metal cocktail in the basal medium, whereas trace metals were omitted from the influent of the second reactor (R2). As a result, the trace metal concentration in the granules from R2 steadily decreased at a rate of 48 microg metal g(-1) TS d(-1) down to 35% of their initial value. In contrast, trace metals accumulated in granules present in R1. At the end of the experiment, the COD removal efficiencies were 99 and 77% for, respectively, the control (R1) and deprived (R2) reactors. This difference was due to lack of propionate conversion by sludge from R2. No difference in the acetate and butyrate conversion capacity of both reactors was observed. The conversion of acetate, propionate and methanol were stimulated by the continuous addition of metals to the influent, a sludge of R1 had higher maximum specific activity values compared to sludge of R2. However, both sludges had a similar maximum specific activity with butyrate. Surprisingly, maximum specific activity tests using individual trace metals showed that the addition of a particular trace element in the activity test medium did not affect the degradation rates of aspecific substrate, i.e. acetate, propionate, butyrate and methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Osuna
- Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Agricultural University of Wageningen Biotechnion-Bomenweg, 2, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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