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Chaudhari K, Mohan M, Saudagar P, Sable C, Shinde S, Bedade D. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of probiotic potential and safety assessment of Bacillus coagulans SKB LAB-19 (MCC 0554) in humans and animal healthcare. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 133:105218. [PMID: 35793725 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus coagulans is Gram positive, spore forming and high lactic acid producing bacteria; however, probiotic and safety assessment of the isolated strain need to be investigated for commercial applications. Current study aimed to screen SKB LAB-19 for potential probiotic characteristics viz. enzyme production, antimicrobial properties, pH/bile salt tolerance, temperature stability, antidiarrheal activity in Swiss albino mice and Wistar rats; and acute oral toxicity in mice. The results showed that, SKB LAB-19 produces eight potential enzymes, effective against E. coli and C. perfringensis, tolerant to bile salt (0.3%)/gastric pH (2.5), stable at 40-90 °C and nontoxic to cells. SKB LAB-19 was found to be safe and displayed promising results to reverse E. coli and castor oil induced diarrhoea. Histopathological studies showed repair to damaged mucosal epithelium cells and improves integrity of the goblet cells of colon. SKB LAB-19 showed immunomodulatory effects with increased immunoglobulins in blood and augmented weight of spleen and thymus. In addition, SKB LAB-19 showed significant in-vitro antioxidant activity (82.93%), reducing capacity and ascorbate auto-oxidation inhibition effect (94.62%). These preliminary results suggested that, SKB LAB-19 was found to be safe and has the potential to be used as effective probiotic and anti-diarrhoeal agent in humans and animal healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushal Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nasik, 422003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Mohan
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV's Pharmacy College, Panchavati, Nasik, 422003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Parag Saudagar
- S K Biobiz Pvt. Ltd. Hall I-2, Sancheti Warehousing Complex, 10th Mile, Mumbai Agra Road, Jaulke, Tal. Dindori, Nasik, 422206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chetna Sable
- S K Biobiz Pvt. Ltd. Hall I-2, Sancheti Warehousing Complex, 10th Mile, Mumbai Agra Road, Jaulke, Tal. Dindori, Nasik, 422206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sominath Shinde
- S K Biobiz Pvt. Ltd. Hall I-2, Sancheti Warehousing Complex, 10th Mile, Mumbai Agra Road, Jaulke, Tal. Dindori, Nasik, 422206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dattatray Bedade
- S K Biobiz Pvt. Ltd. Hall I-2, Sancheti Warehousing Complex, 10th Mile, Mumbai Agra Road, Jaulke, Tal. Dindori, Nasik, 422206, Maharashtra, India.
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Effects of Temperature and pH on Recombinant Thaumatin II Production by Pichia pastoris. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101438. [PMID: 35627007 PMCID: PMC9141780 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sweet protein thaumatin is emerging as a promising sugar replacer in the market today, especially in the food and beverage sector. Rising demand for its production necessitates the large-scale extraction of this protein from its natural plant source, which can be limited in terms of raw material availability and production costs. Using a recombinant production technique via a yeast platform, specifically, Pichia pastoris, is more promising to achieve the product economically while maintaining batch-to-batch consistency. However, the bioproduction of recombinant proteins requires the identification of optimal process variables, constituting the maximal yield of the product of interest. These variables have a direct effect on the growth of the host organism and the secretion levels of the recombinant protein. In this study, two important environmental factors, pH, and temperature were assessed by cultivating P. pastoris in shake flasks to understand their influence on growth and the production levels of thaumatin II protein. The results from the pH study indicate that P. pastoris attained a higher viable cell density and secretion of protein at pH 6.0 compared to 5.0 when grown at 30 °C. Furthermore, within the three levels of temperatures investigated when grown at pH 6.0, the protein levels were the highest at 30 °C compared to 20 and 25 °C, whereas 25 °C exhibited the highest viable cell density. Interestingly, the trend observed from the qualitative effects of temperature and pH occurred in all the media that was investigated. These results broaden our understanding of how pH and temperature adjustment during P. pastoris cultivation aid in enhancing the production yields of thaumatin II prior to optimising the fed batch bioreactor operation.
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Pham VHT, Ahn JY, Ro YH, Ravindran B, Kim JS, Chang SW, Shim JH, Chung WJ. The efficiency of potential food waste-degrading bacteria under harsh conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:340-350. [PMID: 33900007 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Investigate the impact of highly adapted bacterial strains and their ability in waste degradation under a wide range of temperatures. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacteria isolated from soil and food waste were grown in various media under fluctuated temperatures. After screening for organic compound degradation, the seven strongest bacterial strains have been selected for further experiments. Their enzyme activities were expressed in terms of the size of the hydrolysis zone in a wide temperature range of 2.5-70 ºC. The enzyme production assay was carried out for each protease, cellulase, and amylase. The waste degradation was determined with a maximum 80% decrease in the volume of food waste in 21 days compared to the control in lab-scale with enriched bacterial cultures and soil bacteria as additives at room temperature around 18 ºC-20 ºC. CONCLUSION These seven bacteria are promising candidates for food waste biodegradation in composting especially in the winter without heating expense for maintaining ambient temperature. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY It is necessary to coax the uncultured bacteria from the various environments into the laboratory for investigating their valuable functions. Herein, using enrichment culture of consortium and additive of soil have illustrated the significant mean in food waste degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Hong Thi Pham
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Ahn
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Ro
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Jai Soo Kim
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
| | - Jea Hong Shim
- Fertilizer Resources Lab, Soil and Fertilizer Management Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Environmental Remediation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea
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Wang D, Chen M, Zeng X, Li W, Liang S, Lin Y. Improving the catalytic performance of Pichia pastoris whole-cell biocatalysts by fermentation process. RSC Adv 2021; 11:36329-36339. [PMID: 35492776 PMCID: PMC9043429 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06253k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-cell biocatalysts have a wide range of applications in many fields. However, the transport of substrates is tricky when applying whole-cell biocatalysts for industrial production. In this research, P. pastoris whole-cell biocatalysts were constructed for rebaudioside A synthesis. Sucrose synthase was expressed intracellularly while UDP-glycosyltransferase was displayed on the cell wall surface simultaneously. As an alternative method, a fermentation process is applied to relieve the substrate transport-limitation of P. pastoris whole-cell biocatalysts. This fermentation process was much simpler, more energy-saving, and greener than additional operating after collecting cells to improve the catalytic ability of whole-cell biocatalysts. Compared with the general fermentation process, the protein production capacity of cells did not decrease. Meanwhile, the activity of whole-cell biocatalysts was increased to 262%, which indicates that the permeability and space resistance were improved to relieve the transport-limitations. Furthermore, the induction time was reduced from 60 h to 36 h. The fermentation process offered significant advantages over traditional permeabilizing reagent treatment and ultrasonication treatment based on the high efficiency and simplicity. Fermentation process was applied to relieve the substrate transport-limitation of P. pastoris whole-cell biocatalysts, which was much simpler, more energy-saving and greener than c traditional permeabilizing reagent and ultrasonication treatment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Denggang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuli Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Skelsey P, Humphris SN, Campbell EJ, Toth IK. Threat of establishment of non-indigenous potato blackleg and tuber soft rot pathogens in Great Britain under climate change. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205711. [PMID: 30312341 PMCID: PMC6185848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato blackleg and soft rot caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya species are among the most significant bacterial diseases affecting potato production globally. In this study we estimate the impact of future temperatures on establishment of non-indigenous but confirmed Pectobacterium and Dickeya species in Great Britain (GB). The calculations are based on probabilistic climate change data and a model fitted to disease severity data from a controlled environment tuber assay with the dominant potato blackleg and soft rot-causing species in GB (P. atrosepticum), and three of the main causative agents in Europe (P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense, P. parmentieri, Dickeya solani). Our aim was to investigate if the European strains could become stronger competitors in the GB potato ecosystem as the climate warms, on the basis of their aggressiveness in tubers at different temperatures. Principally, we found that the tissue macerating capacity of all four pathogens will increase in GB under all emissions scenarios. The predominant Pectobacterium and Dickeya species in Europe are able to cause disease in tubers under field conditions currently seen in GB but are not expected to become widely established in the future, at least on the basis of their aggressiveness in tubers relative to P. atrosepticum under GB conditions. Our key take-home messages are that the GB potato industry is well positioned to continue to thrive via current best management practices and continued reinforcement of existing legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Skelsey
- Information & Computational Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Sonia N. Humphris
- Cell & Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J. Campbell
- Cell & Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian K. Toth
- Cell & Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Isolation and characterization of putative endophytic bacteria antagonistic to Phoma tracheiphila and Verticillium albo-atrum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:365-75. [PMID: 25074353 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A collection of 200 bacterial isolates recovered from citrus plants (Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus reticulata), Medicago truncatula and Laurus nobilis, was established. In vitro screening indicated that 28 isolates exhibited an inhibitory activity against the vascular pathogens Phoma tracheiphila and Verticillium albo-atrum. Isolates were screened according to their hydrolytic activities, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) abilities, as well as for the presence of nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes responsible of the lipopeptide biosynthesis. The results were positive for 16 isolates which exhibited at least two PGPB activities and a single NRPS gene. Genetic diversity of the selected isolates was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and repetitive element PCR (REP) tools that showed clustering of strains into three major groups (I, II, and III) (i, ii, and iii), respectively. Clustering was further confirmed by the 16S rDNA sequencing that assigned nine isolates to Bacillus velezensis, four isolates to Bacillus methyltrophicus, one isolate to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and two isolates to Bacillus mojavensis. Organ-bacterial genotype interaction as well as positive correlation with NRPS genes are discussed.
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Ottonello G, Dessì A, Pinna AP, Sau F, Fanos V. C. luteolainfection in paediatrics: description of a rare neonatal case and review of the literature. J Chemother 2013; 25:319-23. [DOI: 10.1179/1973947813y.0000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhang J, Kang Z, Ling Z, Cao W, Liu L, Wang M, Du G, Chen J. High-level extracellular production of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase in Bacillus subtilis with optimized regulatory elements. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 146:543-548. [PMID: 23973973 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to construct a robust recombinant Bacillus subtilis to achieve secretory production of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase (PGL). First, 6 signal peptides (amyX, bpr, vpr, yvgO, wapA and nprE) were screened with a semi-rational approach and comparatively investigated their effects on the production of PGL. The signal peptide bpr directed efficient PGL secretory expression and increased PGL titer to 313.7 U mL(-1). By optimizing and applying strong promoter P43 and Shine-Dalgarno sequence, higher titer of 446.3 U mL(-1) PGL was achieved. Finally, the capacity of the recombinant B. subtilis WB43CB was evaluated with a fed-batch strategy in 3 L fermentor. The PGL titer reached 632.6 U mL(-1) with a productivity of 17.6 U mL(-1) h(-1), which was the highest secretory production of PGL by the B. subtilis system. The recombinant B. subtilis strain WB43CB constructed in the present work has great potential in production of alkaline PGL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenlong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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9
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Duganella
sacchari sp. nov. and
Duganella
radicis sp. nov., two novel species isolated from rhizosphere of field-grown sugar cane. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:1126-1131. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.040584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two strains, designated Sac-22T and Sac-41T, were isolated from rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane of field-grown sugar cane clone Co86032. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed a clear affiliation of these two bacteria with the class
Betaproteobacteria
, their closest relatives being
Pseudoduganella violaceinigra
and
Duganella zoogloeoides
with 16S rRNA gene sequence pairwise similarities of 96.4–97.2 % to the two novel strains. Strains Sac-22T and Sac-41T shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 97.6 %. Cells of the two strains were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped. Ubiquinone (Q-8) was the respiratory quinone and the predominant polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The main cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C17 : 0 cyclo, C10 : 0 3-OH and C12 : 0. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 56.4 mol% for strain Sac-22T and 54.9 mol% for strain Sac-41T. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical characterization, that differentiated strains Sac-22T and Sac-41T from all recognized species of the genus
Duganella
, it was concluded that strains represent two novel species in the genus
Duganella
for which the names
Duganella
sacchari sp. nov. (type strain Sac-22T = KCTC 22381T = NCIMB 14475T) and
Duganella
radicis sp. nov. (type strain Sac-41T = KCTC 22382T = NCIMB 14476T) are proposed.
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Fang S, Li J, Liu L, Du G, Chen J. Overproduction of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase in recombinant Escherichia coli by a two-stage glycerol feeding approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:10671-10678. [PMID: 21945205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to achieve the overproduction of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase (PGL) with recombinant Escherichia coli by a two-stage glycerol feeding approach. First, the PGL coding gene from Bacillus subtilis WSHB04-02 was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) under the strong inducible T7 promoter of the pET20b (+) vector. And then the influence of media composition, induction temperature, and inducer isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration on cell growth and PGL production was investigated. Finally, a two-stage glycerol feeding strategy was proposed and applied in a 3-L fermenter, where cultivation was conducted at a controlled specific growth rate (μset=0.2) during pre-induction phase, followed by a constant glycerol feeding rate of 12 ml h(-1) at post-induction phase. The total PGL yield reached 371.86 U mL(-1), which is the highest PGL production by recombinant E. coli expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Fang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Kasana RC, Gulati A. Cellulases from psychrophilic microorganisms: a review. J Basic Microbiol 2011; 51:572-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Qureshi MS, Zhang D, Du G, Chen J. Improved production of polygalacturonate lyase by combining a pH and online methanol control strategy in a two-stage induction phase with a shift in the transition phase. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 37:323-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lowering induction temperature for enhanced production of polygalacturonate lyase in recombinant Pichia pastoris. Process Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Du G, Hua Z, Liu L, Li J, Chen J. Enhancement of alkaline polygalacturonate lyase production in recombinant Pichia pastoris according to the ratio of methanol to cell concentration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:1343-1349. [PMID: 18789682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Polygalacturonate lyase (PGL) production by Pichia pastoris GS115 was used as a model to study the mechanism and strategy for enhancing heterologous protein production. It was found that the ratio of methanol to cell concentration had a significant influence on PGL production. In this study, an advanced glycerol exponential feeding strategy was developed for biomass accumulation in cell growth phase, by which cell concentration reached 140 g L(-1) after 19 h glycerol feeding. In subsequent production phase, a methanol feeding profile was proposed according to the optimal ratio of methanol to cell concentration at a range of 0.163-0.171 g g(-1), and PGL activity and productivity reached 430 U mL(-1) and 4.34 U mL(-1)h(-1), respectively. The strategy for enhancing PGL production by controlling the optimal ratio may provide an alternative approach to enhance heterologous protein production with P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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15
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Influence of culture conditions on esterase activity of five psychrotrophic Gram negative strains selected from raw Tunisian milk. ANN MICROBIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03179445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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16
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Ravi AV, Musthafa KS, Jegathammbal G, Kathiresan K, Pandian SK. Screening and evaluation of probiotics as a biocontrol agent against pathogenic Vibrios in marine aquaculture. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 45:219-23. [PMID: 17651222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02180.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present work aims at finding potential probionts from marine sources as a biocontrol agent against pathogenic Vibrio species in shrimp larval culture. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 109 bacterial strains were isolated from seawater, sediment and marine fish-gut samples, and were screened for their antagonistic activity against Vibrio species. Three strains (Q, Q1 and M) isolated from the marine sediment were found antagonistic against Vibrio strains. Based on 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, the strain Q was identified as Paenibacillus spp. (EF012164); Q1 as Bacillus cereus (DQ915582); and the M as Paenibacillus polymyxa (DQ915580). Further, the two bacterial species, Paenibacillus spp. and B. cereus were challenged separately at two different concentrations of 10(4) and 10(5) CFU ml(-1) for probiotic activity in the postlarvae of Penaeus monodon against pathogenic Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio spp. CONCLUSIONS The present study identified the probiotic activity of Paenibacillus spp., B. cereus and Pa. polymyxa against the pathogenic Vibrios in the postlarvae of P. monodon. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY In vivo study reveals that the marine bacterial species can be used as probionts against pathogenic Vibrios in shrimp larval culture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Moreau M, Feuilloley MGJ, Veron W, Meylheuc T, Chevalier S, Brisset JL, Orange N. Gliding arc discharge in the potato pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica: mechanism of lethal action and effect on membrane-associated molecules. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:5904-10. [PMID: 17644644 PMCID: PMC2074910 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00662-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliding arc (glidarc) discharge is a physicochemical technique for decontamination at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. It leads to the destruction of bacterial phytopathogens responsible for important losses in industrial agriculture, namely, Erwinia spp., without the formation of resistant forms. We investigated the effect of a novel optimized prototype allowing bacterial killing without lag time. This prototype also decreases the required duration of treatment by 50%. The study of the time course effect of the process on bacterial morphology suggests that glidarc induces major alterations of the bacterial membrane. We showed that glidarc causes the release of bacterial genomic DNA. By contrast, an apparent decrease in the level of extractible lipopolysaccharide was observed; however, no changes in the electrophoretic pattern and cytotoxic activity of the macromolecule were noted. Analysis of extractible proteins from the outer membrane of the bacteria revealed that glidarc discharge induces the release of these proteins from the lipid environment, but may also be responsible for protein dimerization and/or aggregation. This effect was not observed in secreted enzymatic proteins, such as pectate lyase. Analysis of the data supports the hypothesis that the plasma generated by glidarc discharge is acting essentially through oxidative mechanisms. Furthermore, these results indicate that, in addition to effectively destroying bacteria, glidarc discharge should be used to improve the extraction of bacterial molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moreau
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology UPRES EA 2123, University of Rouen, Evreux, France.
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Park SY, Hwang BJ, Shin MH, Kim JA, Kim HK, Lee JK. N-acylhomoserine lactonase producing Rhodococcus spp. with different AHL-degrading activities. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006; 261:102-8. [PMID: 16842366 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) are conserved signal molecules that control diverse biological activities in quorum sensing system of Gram-negative bacteria. Recently, several soil bacteria were found to degrade AHLs, thereby interfering with the quorum sensing system. Previously, Rhodococcus erythropolis W2 was reported to degrade AHLs by both oxido-reductase and AHL-acylase. In the present study, two AHL-utilizing bacteria, strains LS31 and PI33, were isolated and identified as the genus Rhodococcus. They exhibited different AHL-utilization abilities: Rhodococcus sp. strain LS31 rapidly degraded a wide range of AHLs, including N-3-oxo-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (OHHL), whereas Rhodococcus sp. strain PI33 showed relatively less activity towards 3-oxo substituents. Coculture of strain LS31 with Erwinia carotovora effectively reduced the amount of OHHL and pectate lyase activity, compared with coculture of strain PI33 with E. carotovora. A mass spectrometry analysis indicated that both strains hydrolyzed the lactone ring of AHL to generate acylhomoserine, suggesting that AHL-lactonases (AHLases) from the two Rhodococcus strains are involved in the degradation of AHL, in contrast to R. erythropolis W2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AHLases of Rhodococcus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yang Park
- Systems Microbiology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseung, Daejon, Korea
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Gummadi SN, . DSK. Enhanced Production of Pectin Lyase and Pectate Lyase by Debaryomyces nepalensis in Submerged Fermentation by Statistical Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3923/ajft.2006.19.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gummadi SN, Kumar DS. Microbial pectic transeliminases. Biotechnol Lett 2005; 27:451-8. [PMID: 15928849 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-2197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2004] [Revised: 02/08/2005] [Accepted: 02/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pectic transeliminases, also known as pectic lyases or pectinases, are involved in the degradation of pectic substances. They have a wide range of applications in food and textile processing. Although Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. produce pectin lyases, bacteria are the major producers of polygalacturonate lyase. The yields of pectic transeliminases are less than other pectinases. Since new applications for pectic transeliminases are emerging, an improved process for the production of these enzymes is necessary.
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Margesin R, Fauster V, Fonteyne PA. Characterization of cold-active pectate lyases from psychrophilic Mrakia frigida. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 40:453-9. [PMID: 15892742 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was conducted to determine optimal conditions for pectate lyase (PL) production by two psychrophilic yeast strains and to compare the properties of the cold-active enzymes using mesophilic PL as reference enzyme. METHODS AND RESULTS Two psychrophilic yeasts isolated from remote geographical locations (European Alps, north Siberia) produced extracellular cold-active PL. Both strains were identified as Mrakia frigida by analysis of ITS and large subunit (LSU) rRNA sequences. Maximum enzyme production occurred at a cultivation temperature of 1 or 5 degrees C. The apparent optimum for enzyme activity was observed at 30 degrees C and pH 8.5-9. The enzymes were thermolabile, but were resistant to repeated freezing and thawing. CONCLUSION We describe for the first time alkaline PL-producing representatives of the yeast species M. frigida. The two strains produce cold-active PL with similar properties, but have a different enzyme production pattern. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The enzymes described in this study could be useful for a wide range of applications, such as low-temperature pretreatment of wastewater containing pectic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Margesin
- Institute of Microbiology, Leopold Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Chihab W, Alaoui AS, Amar M. Chryseomonas luteola identified as the source of serious infections in a Moroccan University Hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:1837-9. [PMID: 15071064 PMCID: PMC387548 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.4.1837-1839.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chryseomonas luteola has only rarely been reported as a human bacterial pathogen. It has been shown that this organism in particular affects patients with health or indwelling disorders. Most reported cases showed septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, or peritonitis. Two C. luteola infections observed in Morocco are described in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafae Chihab
- Laboratoire de Bactério-Sérologie et Hygiène, Hopital Ibn Sina, Morocco
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Smadja B, Latour X, Trigui S, Burini JF, Chevalier S, Orange N. Thermodependence of growth and enzymatic activities implicated in pathogenicity of two Erwinia carotovora subspecies (Pectobacterium spp.). Can J Microbiol 2004; 50:19-27. [PMID: 15052318 DOI: 10.1139/w03-099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora can cause substantial damage to economically important plant crops and stored products. The occurrence of the disease and the scale of the damage are temperature dependent. Disease development consists first of active multiplication of the bacteria in the infection area and then production of numerous extracellular enzymes. We investigated the effects of various temperatures on these two steps. We assayed the specific growth rate and the pectate lyase and protease activities for eight strains belonging to E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora in vitro. The temperature effect on growth rate and on pectate lyase activity is different for the two subspecies, but protease activity appears to be similarly thermoregulated. Our results are in agreement with ecological data implicating E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica in disease when the temperature is below 20 degrees C. The optimal temperature for pathogenicity appears to be different from the optimal growth temperature but seems to be a compromise between this temperature and temperatures at which lytic activities are maximal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Smadja
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie du Froid, UPRES 2123, Université de Rouen, Evreux, France
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Park SY, Lee SJ, Oh TK, Oh JW, Koo BT, Yum DY, Lee JK. AhlD, an N-acylhomoserine lactonase in Arthrobacter sp., and predicted homologues in other bacteria. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2003; 149:1541-1550. [PMID: 12777494 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.26269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing is a signalling mechanism that controls diverse biological functions, including virulence, via N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules in Gram-negative bacteria. With the aim of isolating strains or enzymes capable of blocking quorum sensing by inactivating AHL, bacteria were screened for AHL degradation by their ability to utilize N-3-oxohexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (OHHL) as the sole carbon source. Among four isolates, strain IBN110, identified as Arthrobacter sp., was found to grow rapidly on OHHL, and to degrade various AHLs with different lengths and acyl side-chain substitutions. Co-culture of Arthrobacter sp. IBN110 and the plant pathogen Erwinia carotovora significantly reduced both the AHL amount and pectate lyase activity in co-culture medium, suggesting the possibility of applying Arthrobacter sp. IBN110 in the control of AHL-producing pathogenic bacteria. The ahlD gene from Arthrobacter sp. IBN110 encoding the enzyme catalysing AHL degradation was cloned, and found to encode a protein of 273 amino acids. A mass spectrometry analysis showed that AhlD probably hydrolyses the lactone ring of N-3-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, indicating that AhlD is an N-acylhomoserine lactonase (AHLase). A comparison of AhlD with other known AHL-degrading enzymes, Bacillus sp. 240B1 AiiA, a Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kyushuensis AiiA homologue and Agrobacterium tumefaciens AttM, revealed 25, 26 and 21 % overall identities, respectively, in the deduced amino acid sequences. Although these identities were relatively low, the HXDH approximately H approximately D motif was conserved in all the AHLases, suggesting that this motif is essential for AHLase activity. From a genome database search based on the conserved motif, putative AhlD-like lactonase genes were found in several other bacteria, and AHL-degrading activities were observed in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus stearothermophilus. Furthermore, it was verified that ahlK, an ahlD homologue, encodes an AHL-degrading enzyme in K. pneumoniae. Accordingly, the current results suggest the possibility that AhlD-like AHLases could exist in many other micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yang Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
- R&D Center, inBioNET Corporation, Daejeon 305-390, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- R&D Center, inBioNET Corporation, Daejeon 305-390, Korea
| | - Tae-Kwang Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - Jong-Won Oh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Bon-Tag Koo
- R&D Center, inBioNET Corporation, Daejeon 305-390, Korea
| | - Do-Young Yum
- R&D Center, inBioNET Corporation, Daejeon 305-390, Korea
| | - Jung-Kee Lee
- R&D Center, inBioNET Corporation, Daejeon 305-390, Korea
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. ZA, . HB, . MMR, . FA, . MSH. Microbial Activity on the Degradation of Lignocellulosic Polysaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2001.993.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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