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Coenen I, Vander Elst L, Spriet I, Gijsen M, Foulon V, De Lepeleire J, Latour K, Cossey V, Schuermans A, Stroobants N, Quintens C. Check of APpropriaTeness of Antimicrobial therapy In Nursing homes (CAPTAIN):a point prevalence study in Belgium. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlae101. [PMID: 38974942 PMCID: PMC11227214 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The overall prevalence of antimicrobial therapy (AMT) in nursing homes is well described. However, less is known about the appropriateness of AMT in nursing home residents. Therefore, the Check of APpropriaTeness of antimicrobial therapy in nursing homes (CAPTAIN) study aimed to assess both prevalence and appropriateness of AMT in Belgian nursing homes. Methods In a prospective, observational, point prevalence study, researchers documented prevalence and identified potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) by evaluating accordance of AMT with national guidelines. The severity of inappropriateness was assessed by a modified Delphi expert panel. Results Eleven nursing homes, including 1178 residents, participated in this study. On the survey day, 8.0% of residents took systemic AMT, primarily for urinary tract infections (54.2%), respiratory tract infections (36.5%), and skin and skin-structure infections (6.3%). About half of these prescriptions were used in prophylaxis (52.1%). Registration of indication and stop date was missing in 58.3% and 56.3% of AMTs, respectively. In 89.6% of the systemic AMTs, at least one discordance with national guidelines was identified, resulting in a total of 171 PIPs, with 49 unique PIPs. Of all unique PIPs, 26.5% were assessed with a high severity score (≥4). According to the expert panel, most inappropriate practice was starting AMT for cough without other symptoms. Inappropriate timing of time-dependent AMTs was common, but assessed as 'moderately severe'. One-third of systemic AMT exceeded the recommended duration. Conclusions AMT in nursing homes is often not prescribed according to national guidelines, highlighting the need for future interventions to promote the rational use of AMT in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Coenen
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Isabel Spriet
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Pharmacy Department, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Gijsen
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Pharmacy Department, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Foulon
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan De Lepeleire
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Latour
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium
- Sciensano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veerle Cossey
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annette Schuermans
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Stroobants
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Leuven, Belgium
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Pereira AP, Antunes P, Peixe L, Freitas AR, Novais C. Current insights into the effects of cationic biocides exposure on Enterococcus spp. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1392018. [PMID: 39006755 PMCID: PMC11242571 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1392018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cationic biocides (CBs), such as quaternary ammonium compounds and biguanides, are critical for controlling the spread of bacterial pathogens like Enterococcus spp., a leading cause of multidrug-resistant healthcare-associated infections. The widespread use of CBs in recent decades has prompted concerns about the potential emergence of Enterococcus spp. populations exhibiting resistance to both biocides and antibiotics. Such concerns arise from their frequent exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of CBs in clinical, food chain and diverse environmental settings. This comprehensive narrative review aimed to explore the complexity of the Enterococcus' response to CBs and of their possible evolution toward resistance. To that end, CBs' activity against diverse Enterococcus spp. collections, the prevalence and roles of genes associated with decreased susceptibility to CBs, and the potential for co- and cross-resistance between CBs and antibiotics are reviewed. Significant methodological and knowledge gaps are identified, highlighting areas that future studies should address to enhance our comprehension of the impact of exposure to CBs on Enterococcus spp. populations' epidemiology. This knowledge is essential for developing effective One Health strategies that ensure the continued efficacy of these critical agents in safeguarding Public Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Pereira
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Antunes
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Peixe
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R Freitas
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 1H-TOXRUN, One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Carla Novais
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Bai Y, Zhang W, Zheng W, Meng XZ, Duan Y, Zhang C, Chen F, Wang KJ. A 14-amino acid cationic peptide Bolespleenin 334-347 from the marine fish mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris exhibiting potent antimicrobial activity and therapeutic potential. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116344. [PMID: 38852647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important component of innate immunity in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and some of the unique characteristics of AMPs are usually associated with their living environment. The marine fish, mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, usually live amphibiously in intertidal environments that are quite different from other fish species, which would be an exceptional source of new AMPs. In the study, an AMP named Bolespleenin334-347 was identified, which was a truncated peptide derived from a new functional gene found in B. pectinirostris, that was up-regulated in response to bacterial challenge. Bolespleenin334-347 had only 14 amino acid residues, including five consecutive arginine residues. It was found that the peptide had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, good thermal stability and sodium ion tolerance. Bolespleenin334-347 killed Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus by disrupting the structural integrity of the bacterial membrane, leading to leakage of the cellular contents, and inducing accumulation of bacterial endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, Bolespleenin334-347 effectively inhibited biofilm formation of A. baumannii and S. aureus and long-term treatment did not lead to the development of resistance. Importantly, Bolespleenin334-347 maintained stable activity against clinically multi-drug resistant bacterial strains. In addition, it was noteworthy that Bolespleenin334-347 showed superior efficacy to LL-37 and vancomycin in a constructed mouse model of MRSA-induced superficial skin infections, as evidenced by a significant reduction in bacterial load and more favorable wound healing. This study provides an effective antimicrobial agent for topical skin infections with potential therapeutic efficacy for infections with drug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenbin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xin-Zhan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingyi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Abdin R, Kaiser M, Del Rosso JQ, Issa NT. Antiseptic and Antibiotic Stewardship in Dermatologic Surgery: Is Benzoyl Peroxide the Solution? THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2024; 17:24-28. [PMID: 38779372 PMCID: PMC11107898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective We sought to review published literature on antibiotic and antiseptic use and resistance, and explore the utility of benzoyl peroxide in this capacity for dermatologic surgery. Methods A literature review was performed to investigate the skin microbiome, guidelines on antibiotic and antiseptic use in dermatologic surgery, and the utility of benzoyl peroxide as an antiseptic. Results Antiseptics are commonly used in dermatologic surgery to prepare surgical sites, and antibiotics are also employed by some physicians to prevent post-operative infection despite the potential for antibiotic resistance. Benzoyl peroxide, known for its high threshold for antibiotic resistance, has been successfully used in orthopedic surgery to prevent surgical site infection, especially in sebaceous areas of the skin which house a distinct microbiota. Limitations Limitations to this review include lack of high-quality, adequately powered research and studies which evaluate the clinical impact of anti-septic use, particularly benzoyl peroxide use, in dermatologic surgery. Conclusion Benzoyl peroxide may be a used as an antiseptic in dermatologic surgery of sebaceous areas to prevent post-operative infections, with a low likelihood of causing microbial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Abdin
- Dr. Abdin is with Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Michael Kaiser
- Mr. Kaiser and Dr. Issa are with University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine at Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery in Miami, Florida
| | - James Q. Del Rosso
- Dr. Del Rosso is with JDR Dermatology Research in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery in Maitland, Florida
| | - Naiem T. Issa
- Mr. Kaiser and Dr. Issa are with University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine at Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery in Miami, Florida
- Additionally, Dr. Issa is with Forefront Dermatology in Vienna, Virginia, and Issa Research and Consulting, LLC in Springfield, Virginia
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5
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She P, Li L, Yang Y, Zhou L, Huang G, Xiao D, Wu Y. Lusutrombopag as a Repurposing Drug in Combination with Aminoglycosides against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1327-1338. [PMID: 38567846 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Due to the widespread abuse of antibiotics, drug resistance in Enterococcus has been increasing. However, the speed of antibiotic discovery cannot keep pace with the acquisition of bacterial resistance. Thus, drug repurposing is a proposed strategy to solve the crises. Lusutrombopag (LP) has been approved as a thrombopoietin receptor agonist by the Food and Drug Administration. This study demonstrated that LP exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in vitro with rare resistance occurrence. Further, LP combined with tobramycin exhibited synergistic antimicrobial effects in vitro and in vivo against Enterococcus. No in vitro or in vivo detectable toxicity was observed when using LP. Mechanism studies indicated that the disrupted proton motive force may account for LP's antimicrobial activity. In summary, these results demonstrate that LP has the previously undocumented potential to serve as an antibacterial agent against refractory infections caused by Enterococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei She
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Linhui Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Linying Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (The First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Guanqing Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (The First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (The First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (The First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
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Nong Y, Steinig E, Pollock GL, Taiaroa G, Carter GP, Monk IR, Pang S, Daley DA, Coombs GW, Forde BM, Harris PNA, Sherry NL, Howden BP, Pasricha S, Baines SL, Williamson DA. Emergence and clonal expansion of a qacA-harbouring sequence type 45 lineage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Commun Biol 2024; 7:349. [PMID: 38514781 PMCID: PMC10957945 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen an increase in the prevalence of sequence type (ST) 45 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), yet the underlying drivers for its emergence and spread remain unclear. To better understand the worldwide dissemination of ST45 S. aureus, we performed phylogenetic analyses of Australian isolates, supplemented with a global population of ST45 S. aureus genomes. Our analyses revealed a distinct lineage of multidrug-resistant ST45 MRSA harbouring qacA, predominantly found in Australia and Singapore. Bayesian inference predicted that the acquisition of qacA occurred in the late 1990s. qacA was integrated into a structurally variable region of the chromosome containing Tn552 (carrying blaZ) and Tn4001 (carrying aac(6')-aph(2")) transposable elements. Using mutagenesis and in vitro assays, we provide phenotypic evidence that qacA confers tolerance to chlorhexidine. These findings collectively suggest both antimicrobial resistance and the carriage of qacA may play a role in the successful establishment of ST45 MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Nong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Eike Steinig
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgina L Pollock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - George Taiaroa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glen P Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Doherty Applied Microbial Genomics, Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian R Monk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley Pang
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Denise A Daley
- Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W Coombs
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Brian M Forde
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick N A Harris
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Central Microbiology, Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Norelle L Sherry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin P Howden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shivani Pasricha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah L Baines
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deborah A Williamson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Wathoni N, Suhandi C, Ghassani Purnama MF, Mutmainnah A, Nurbaniyah NS, Syafra DW, Elamin KM. Alginate and Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Enhance Antibacterial Agent Activity on Topical Application. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:791-805. [PMID: 38444772 PMCID: PMC10913799 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s456403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Untreated topical infections can become chronic, posing serious health issues. Optimal skin adherence is crucial in addressing such infections. In this context, chitosan and alginate emerge as promising candidates for use as a foundation in the development of topical hydrogels. The aim of this review is to examine the literature on topical hydrogel formulations that use chitosan and alginate as foundations, specifically in the context of topical antibacterial agents. The research methodology involves a literature review by examining articles published in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords employed during the research were "Alginate", "Chitosan", "Hydrogel", and "Antibacterial". Chitosan and alginate serve as bases in topical hydrogels to deliver various active ingredients, particularly antibacterial agents, as indicated by the search results. Both have demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness, as evidenced by a reduction in bacterial colony counts and an increase in inhibition zones. This strongly supports the idea that chitosan and alginate could be used together to make topical hydrogels that kill bacteria that work well. In conclusion, chitosan and alginate-based hydrogels show great potential in treating bacterial infections on the skin surface. The incorporation of chitosan and alginate into hydrogel formulations aids in retaining antibacterial agents, allowing for their gradual release over an optimal period. Therefore, hydrogels specifically formulated with chitosan and alginate have the potential to serve as a solution to address challenges in the treatment of topical bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fadhil Ghassani Purnama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Mutmainnah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Neng Sani Nurbaniyah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Desra Widdy Syafra
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Khaled M Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
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Zaklan D, Nešić D, Mitrović D, Lazarević S, Đanić M, Mikov M, Pavlović N. Influence of Bile Acids on Clindamycin Hydrochloride Skin Permeability: In Vitro and In Silico Preliminary Study. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024; 49:219-228. [PMID: 38332426 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-024-00878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Topical clindamycin formulations are widely used in clinical practice, but poor bioavailability and restricted skin penetration considerably limit their therapeutic efficacy. Penetration enhancement represents a promising and rational strategy to overcome the drawbacks of conventional topical pharmaceutical formulations. We aim to assess the influence of cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) on the permeability of clindamycin hydrochloride by performing the in vitro skin parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (skin-PAMPA) at two relevant pH values (5.5 and 6.5) and the interactions of tested substances with skin ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in silico. METHODS After the incubation period, the clindamycin hydrochloride concentrations in both compartments were determined spectrophotometrically, and the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated. Vienna LiverTox web service was used to predict the interactions of clindamycin and bile acids with potential drug transporters located in human skin. RESULTS Both CA and DCA at the highest studied concentration of 100 μM in the tested solutions increased the skin-PAMPA membrane permeability of clindamycin hydrochloride. This effect was more pronounced for CA and at a higher studied pH value of 6.5, which is characteristic of most dermatological indications treated with topical clindamycin preparations. Clindamycin transport may also be mediated by ABC transporters located in skin and facilitated in the presence of bile acids. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide a solid foundation for further research directed at the improvement of topical formulations using bile acids as penetration-enhancing excipients, as well as the therapeutic efficacy of clindamycin hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Zaklan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Dušan Nešić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Darko Mitrović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slavica Lazarević
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja Đanić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Pavlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Gough KL, Dargaville TR, Ullman AJ, Marsh N, Pelzer ES. Haemostatic discs demonstrate physical efficacy against microbes commonly associated with central-line-associated bloodstream infections. J Hosp Infect 2024; 144:111-117. [PMID: 38159727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular access devices form an essential component in the management of acute and chronic medical conditions. Introduction and ongoing management of these devices are linked with bundles of care aimed at reducing associated risks including bleeding and infection. AIM To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the potassium ferrate haemostatic disc on Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and on Candida albicans. METHODS The impact of the potassium ferrate disc was compared with the often-used chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) impregnated disc to evaluate the potential efficacy of the potassium ferrate disc as an alternative to CHG in cases with an increased risk of active bleeding. RESULTS In the presence of anticoagulated blood, we observed an inhibitory effect of the haemostatic disc on microbial growth for microbial strains commonly associated with vascular access device related infections. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the potassium ferrate disc may provide dual clinical benefits with both haemostatic and antimicrobial action observed during in-vitro testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Gough
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - T R Dargaville
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A J Ullman
- Centre for Children's Health Research, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N Marsh
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E S Pelzer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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10
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Malone M, Nygren E, Hamberg T, Radzieta M, Jensen SO. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness of non-medicated hydrophobic wound dressings. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14416. [PMID: 37770025 PMCID: PMC10824701 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing use of non-medicated wound dressing with claims of irreversible bacterial binding. Most of the data are from in vitro models which lack clinical relevance. This study employed a range of in vitro experiments to address this gap and we complemented our experimental designs with in vivo observations using dressings obtained from patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers. A hydrophobic wound dressing was compared with a control silicone dressing in vitro. Test dressings were placed on top of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge suspension with increasing concentrations of suspension inoculum in addition to supplementation with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or increased protein content (IPC). Next, we used the challenge suspensions obtained at the end of the first experiment, where bacterial loads from the suspensions were enumerated following test dressing exposure. Further, the time-dependent bacterial attachment was investigated over 1 and 24 h. Lastly, test dressings were exposed to a challenge suspension with IPC, with or without the addition of the bacteriostatic agent Deferiprone to assess the impacts of limiting bacterial growth in the experimental design. Lastly, two different wound dressings with claims of bacterial binding were obtained from patients with chronic diabetes-related foot ulcers after 72 h of application and observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bacteria were enumerated from each dressing after a 1-h exposure time. There was no statistical difference in bacterial attachment between both test dressings when using different suspension inoculum concentrations or test mediums. Bacterial attachment to the two test dressings was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) when IPC was used instead of PBS. In the challenge suspension with PBS, only the hydrophobic dressing achieved a statistically significant reduction in bacterial loads (0.5 ± 0.05 log colony forming units; p = 0.001). In the presence of IPC, there was no significant reduction in bacterial loads for either test dressing. When bacterial growth was arrested, attachment to the test dressings did not increase over time, suggesting that the number of bacteria on the test dressings increases over time due to bacterial growth. SEM identified widespread adsorption of host fouling across the test dressings which occurred prior to microbial binding. Therein, microbial attachment occurred predominantly to host fouling and not directly to the dressings. Bacterial binding is not unique to dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC) dressings and under clinically relevant in vitro conditions and in vivo observations, we demonstrate (in addition to previously published work) that the bacterial binding capabilities are not effective at reducing the number of bacteria in laboratory models or human wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Malone
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Erik Nygren
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Tina Hamberg
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Michael Radzieta
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Slade O. Jensen
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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11
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Wang C, Zhang T, Wang Y, Wang Y, Pan H, Dong X, Liu S, Cao M, Wang S, Wang M, Li Y, Zhang J, Hu W. Proguanil and chlorhexidine augment the antibacterial activities of clarithromycin and rifampicin against Acinetobacter baumannii. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107065. [PMID: 38122947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii infections as a significant healthcare concern in hospital settings, coupled with their association with poorer clinical outcomes, has prompted extensive investigation into novel therapeutic agents and innovative treatment strategies. Proguanil and chlorhexidine, both categorized as biguanide compounds, have displayed clinical efficacy as antimalarial and topical antibacterial agents, respectively. In this study, we conducted an investigation to assess the effectiveness of combining proguanil and chlorhexidine with clarithromycin or rifampicin against both laboratory strains and clinical isolates of A. baumannii. The combination therapy demonstrated rapid bactericidal activity against planktonic multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, exhibiting efficacy in eradicating mature biofilms and impeding the development of antibiotic resistance in vitro. Additionally, when administered in conjunction with clarithromycin or rifampicin, proguanil enhanced the survival rate of mice afflicted with intraperitoneal A. baumannii infections, and chlorhexidine expedited wound healing in mice with skin infections. These findings are likely attributable to the disruption of A. baumannii cell membrane integrity by proguanil and chlorhexidine, resulting in heightened membrane permeability and enhanced intracellular accumulation of clarithromycin and rifampicin. Overall, this study underscores the potential of employing proguanil and chlorhexidine in combination with specific antibiotics to effectively combat A. baumannii infections and improve treatment outcomes in clinically challenging scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Dong
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Shandong Aobo Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- Shandong Aobo Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuezhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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12
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Barcudi D, Blasko E, Gonzalez MJ, Gagetti P, Lamberghini R, Garnero A, Sarkis C, Faccone D, Lucero C, Tosoroni D, Bocco JL, Corso A, Sola C. Different evolution of S. aureus methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible infections, Argentina. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22610. [PMID: 38163174 PMCID: PMC10755277 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus-(SA) is widespread among healthcare-associated-(HA) and the community-associated-(CA) infections. However, the contributions of MRSA and MSSA to the SA overall burden remain unclear. In a nationally-representative-survey conducted in Argentina, 668 SA clinical isolates from 61 hospitals were examined in a prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study in April 2015. The study aimed to analyze MRSA molecular epidemiology, estimate overall SA infection incidence (MSSA, MRSA, and genotypes) in community-onset (CO: HACO, Healthcare-Associated-CO and CACO, Community-Associated-CO) and healthcare-onset (HO: HAHO, Healthcare-associated-HO) infections, stratified by age groups. Additionally temporal evolution was estimated by comparing this study's (2015) incidence values with a previous study (2009) in the same region. Erythromycin-resistant-MSSA and all MRSA strains were genetically typed. The SA total-infections (TI) overall-incidence was 49.1/100,000 monthly-visits, 25.1 and 24.0 for MRSA and MSSA respectively (P = 0.5889), in April 2015. In adults with invasive-infections (INVI), MSSA was 15.7 and MRSA was 11.8 (P = 0.0288), 1.3-fold higher. HA SA infections, both MSSA and MRSA, surpassed CA infections by over threefold. During 2009-2015, there was a significant 23.4 % increase in the SA infections overall-incidence, mainly driven by MSSA, notably a 54.2 % increase in INVI among adults, while MRSA infection rates remained stable. The MSSA rise was accompanied by increased antimicrobial resistance, particularly to erythromycin, linked to MSSA-CC398-t1451-ermT + -IEC+-pvl- emergence. The SA-infections rise was primarily attributed to community-onset-infections (37.3 % and 62.4 % increase for TI and INVI, respectively), particularly HACO-MSSA and HACO-MRSA in adults, as well as CACO-MSSA. The main CA-MRSA-PFGE-typeN-ST30-SCCmecIVc-PVL+/- clone along with other clones (USA300-ST8-IV-LV-PVL+/-, PFGE-typeDD-ST97-IV- PVL-) added to rather than replaced CA-MRSA-PFGE-typeI-ST5-SCCmecIVa-PVL+/- clone in HA invasive-infections. They also displaced clone HA-MRSA-PFGE-typeA-ST5-SCCmecI, mainly in HAHO infections. The overall-burden of SA infections is rising in Argentina, driven primarily by community-onset MSSA, particularly in adults, linked to increased erythromycin-resistance and MSSA-CC398-t1451-ermT + -IEC+-pvl- emergence. Novel knowledge and transmission-control strategies are required for MSSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Barcudi
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Enrique Blasko
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María José Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paula Gagetti
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Lamberghini
- Cátedra de Infectología I, Hospital Rawson, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Bajada Pucará 2025, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Analía Garnero
- Servicio de Infectología, Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Bajada Pucará 787, X 5000, ANN, Argentina
| | - Claudia Sarkis
- Hospital de Pediatría S.A.M.I.C."Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Combate de los Pozos 1881, C1245, AAM, CABA, Argentina
| | - Diego Faccone
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Celeste Lucero
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dario Tosoroni
- Informática Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Jacinto Ríos 555, X5004, ASK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - José L. Bocco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Corso
- Servicio Antimicrobianos, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)-ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Sola
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000, Córdoba, Argentina
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13
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Sadaiyandi V, Ramalingam R, Arunachalam KD, D JT. Essential Oils Infused Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Gelatin Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats: Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:296-313. [PMID: 37126111 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens result in a delayed wound-healing process. As an approach to prevent infections, alternatives in the form of natural antimicrobial products have become public interest. Essential oils derived from plants are used as antimicrobials owing to their broad-spectrum activity against pathogenic organisms. In this study, essential oil from seeds of watermelon, jackfruit, and papaya was incorporated into poly-ε-caprolactone/gelatin nanofibers using an electrospinning technique. The synthesized nanofibers were smooth, continuous, and bead-free. The nanofibers were found to be mechanically competent as confirmed by the universal tensile tester. The antibacterial activity of the various essential oil-loaded nanofibrous mats was determined by disc diffusion assay. Furthermore, they were found to be non-toxic and biocompatible by MTT and CMFDA assays on fibroblast cells. The obtained results have demonstrated that essential oil-loaded nanofiber mats are promising alternatives to conventional antibacterial wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekananthan Sadaiyandi
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603 203, India
| | - Raghavendra Ramalingam
- Research in Environment, Sustainability Advocacy and Climate Change, Directorate of Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603 203, India.
| | | | - John Thiruvadigal D
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603 203, India.
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14
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Ramos C, Lorenz K, Putrinš M, Hind CK, Meos A, Laidmäe I, Tenson T, Sutton JM, Mason AJ, Kogermann K. Fibrous matrices facilitate pleurocidin killing of wound associated bacterial pathogens. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106648. [PMID: 37992909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Conventional wound infection treatments neither actively promote wound healing nor address the growing problem of antibacterial resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural defense molecules, released from host cells, which may be rapidly bactericidal, modulate host-immune responses, and/or act as endogenous mediators for wound healing. However, their routine clinical use has hitherto been hindered due to their instability in the wound environment. Here we describe an electrospun carrier system for topical application of pleurocidin, demonstrating sufficient AMP release from matrices to kill wound-associated pathogens including Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pleurocidin can be incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber matrices, using coaxial electrospinning, without major drug loss with a peptide content of 0.7% w/w predicted sufficient to kill most wound associated species. Pleurocidin retains its activity on release from the electrospun fiber matrix and completely inhibits growth of two strains of A. baumannii (AYE; ATCC 17978) and other ESKAPE pathogens. Inhibition of P. aeruginosa strains (PAO1; NCTC 13437) is, however, matrix weight per volume dependent, with only larger/thicker matrices maintaining complete inhibition. The resulting estimation of pleurocidin release from the matrix reveals high efficiency, facilitating a greater AMP potency. Wound matrices are often applied in parallel or sequentially with the use of standard wound care with biocides, therefore the presence and effect of biocides on pleurocidin potency was tested. It was revealed that combinations displayed additive or modestly synergistic effects depending on the biocide and pathogens which should be considered during the therapy. Taken together, we show that electrospun, pleurocidin-loaded wound matrices have potential to be investigated for wound infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Ramos
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Technology Development Group, UK Health Security Agency, Research and Evaluation, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, United Kingdom; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King´s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kairi Lorenz
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marta Putrinš
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Charlotte K Hind
- Technology Development Group, UK Health Security Agency, Research and Evaluation, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, United Kingdom
| | - Andres Meos
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivo Laidmäe
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Mark Sutton
- Technology Development Group, UK Health Security Agency, Research and Evaluation, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, United Kingdom; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King´s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - A James Mason
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Science, King´s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Kogermann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
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15
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Huang Q, Yang Z, Tao X, Ma C, Cao P, Wei P, Jiang C, Ren H, Li X. Sprayable chitosan nanogel with nitric oxide to accelerate diabetic wound healing through bacteria inhibition, biofilm eradication and macrophage polarization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127806. [PMID: 37918593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection and chronic inflammation are two major risks in diabetic wound healing, which increase patient mortality. In this study, a multifunctional sprayable nanogel (Ag-G@CS) based on chitosan has been developed to synergistically inhibit bacterial infection, eradicate biofilm, and relieve inflammation of diabetic wounds. The nanogel is successfully crafted by encapsulating with a nitric oxide (NO) donor and performing in-situ reduction of silver nanoparticles (Ag). The released NO enhances the antibacterial efficacy of Ag, nearly achieving complete eradication of biofilms in vitro. Upon application on both normal or diabetic chronic wounds, the combination effects of released NO and Ag offer a notable antibacterial effect. Furthermore, after bacteria inhibition and biofilm eradication, the NO released by the nanogel orchestrates a transformation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages, significantly reducing tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) release and relieving inflammation. Remarkably, the released NO also promotes M2a to M2c macrophages, thereby facilitating tissue remodeling in chronic wounds. More importantly, it upregulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), further accelerating the wound healing process. Collectively, the formed sprayable nanogel exhibits excellent inhibition of bacterial infections and biofilms, and promotes chronic wound healing via inflammation resolution, which has excellent potential for clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xinyue Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chenyu Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peiyao Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chenxiao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Hao Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Xueming Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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16
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Pimenta J, Dias C, Cotovio M, Saavedra MJ. In Vitro Effect of Eucalyptus Essential Oils and Antiseptics (Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine) against Bacterial Isolates from Equine Wounds. Vet Sci 2023; 11:12. [PMID: 38250918 PMCID: PMC10819342 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the increasing antibiotics resistance, there has been a propensity to replace them with antiseptics when it comes to wound management and treatment. Nevertheless, in recent years, there have been reports regarding resistance to antiseptics by some bacterial strains. There is also concern about the environmental impact of these substances. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptics and eucalyptus essential oils on bacterial strains from horse's wounds. We used twelve Escherichia coli, eight Staphylococcus aureus, two Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, one Staphylococcus vitulinus and one Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains from equine wounds. The effect of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil, Eucalyptus globulus essential oil, povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate against the isolated strains was evaluated applying the Kirby-Baüer method. Regarding the Escherichia coli strains, E. radiata and the mixture of E. radiata and E. globulus had a better inhibitory effect than antiseptics. E. globulus had a better effect against most Staphylococcus spp. compared to E. radiata. For both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains tested, chlorhexidine gluconate had a better inhibitory effect than povidone-iodine. The antibacterial efficacy of essential oils highlights their potential to substitute or complement the use of antiseptics and so reduce resistance to antiseptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pimenta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Antimicrobials, Biocides & Biofilms Unit (A2BUnit), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (C.D.); (M.C.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Center and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CIVG—Vasco da Gama Research Center/EUVG–Vasco da Gama University School, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Antimicrobials, Biocides & Biofilms Unit (A2BUnit), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (C.D.); (M.C.)
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences and Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mário Cotovio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Antimicrobials, Biocides & Biofilms Unit (A2BUnit), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (C.D.); (M.C.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Center and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Antimicrobials, Biocides & Biofilms Unit (A2BUnit), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (C.D.); (M.C.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Center and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences and Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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17
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Ambrogi V, Nocchetti M, Pietrella D, Quaglia G, Di Michele A, Latterini L. Antimicrobial Oleogel Containing Sustainably Prepared Silver-Based Nanomaterials for Topical Application. J Funct Biomater 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 38276477 PMCID: PMC10817458 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oleogels containing silica-silver-based nanomaterials were prepared to be used as potential antimicrobial treatment for preventing and curing skin infections. Fumed silica was used as a bifunctional excipient able to offer support to silver-based nanoparticle growth and act as a gelling agent for oleogel formulation. First, silica-silver composites were prepared following a sustainable method by contact of fumed silica and silver nitrate in the presence of ethanol and successive UV irradiation. The composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ATR FT-IR spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The presence of 8-20 nm spherical nanoparticles, in addition to the silica aggregates and AgNO3 crystals, was detected. The composites showed good antimicrobial activity against the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Thus, they were formulated in an oleogel, obtained using fumed silica as a gelling agent. For comparison, oleogels containing AgNO3 were prepared according to two different formulative techniques. The silica-silver-based oleogels showed good antimicrobial activity and did not show cytotoxic effects for fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ambrogi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Morena Nocchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Donatella Pietrella
- Nano4Light Lab, Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Giulia Quaglia
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (G.Q.); (L.L.)
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy; (G.Q.); (L.L.)
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Schleusener J, Lohan SB, Busch L, Zamudio Díaz DF, Opitz N, Sicher C, Lichtenthäler T, Danker K, Dommerich S, Filler T, Meinke MC, Zwicker P. Irradiation of human oral mucosa by 233 nm far UV-C LEDs for the safe inactivation of nosocomial pathogens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22391. [PMID: 38104221 PMCID: PMC10725486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The inactivation of multi resistant pathogens is an important clinical need. One approach is UV-C irradiation, which was previously not possible in vivo due to cytotoxicity. Recently, far UV-C irradiation at λ < 240 nm was successfully used on skin with negligible damage. A potential application site is the nasal vestibule, where MRSA accumulates and cannot be treated using antiseptics. We irradiated 3D mucosa models and excised human mucosa with 222 and 233 nm far UV-C in comparison to 254 nm and broadband UV-B. Eradication efficiency was evaluated by counting colony forming units; irritation potential was evaluated by hen's egg-chorioallantoic membrane assay and trans epithelial electrical resistance; cell viability was assessed by MTT. DNA damage and cell protective mechanisms were evaluated immunohistopathologically. On mucosa models, MRSA reduced by ≈ 5 log10 for 60 mJ/cm2 irradiation at 233 nm. A slightly increased cell viability was observed after 24 h. Lower doses showed lower irritation potential than the positive controls or commercial mouthwash, while 80 mJ/cm2 had strong irritation potential. DNA damage occurred only superficially and decreased after 24 h. On excised human mucosa, < 10% of keratinocytes were affected after 150 mJ/cm2 222 nm or 60 mJ/cm2 233 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schleusener
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Silke B Lohan
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Loris Busch
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert‑Koch‑Str. 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Daniela F Zamudio Díaz
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nevin Opitz
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand‑Sauerbruch‑Str., 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claudia Sicher
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand‑Sauerbruch‑Str., 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tom Lichtenthäler
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand‑Sauerbruch‑Str., 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kerstin Danker
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Dommerich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Filler
- Ferdinand-Braun-Institut (FBH), Gustav‑Kirchhoff‑Str. 4, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Zwicker
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand‑Sauerbruch‑Str., 17475, Greifswald, Germany
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19
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Rukavina Z, Jøraholmen MW, Božić D, Frankol I, Gašparović PG, Škalko-Basnet N, Klarić MŠ, Vanić Ž. Azithromycin-loaded liposomal hydrogel: a step forward for enhanced treatment of MRSA-related skin infections. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:559-579. [PMID: 38147473 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZT) encapsulated into various types of liposomes (AZT-liposomes) displayed pronounced in vitro activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1). The present study represents a follow-up to this previous work, attempting to further explore the anti-MRSA potential of AZT-liposomes when incorporated into chitosan hydrogel (CHG). Incorporation of AZT-liposomes into CHG (liposomal CHGs) was intended to ensure proper viscosity and texture properties of the formulation, modification of antibiotic release, and enhanced antibacterial activity, aiming to upgrade the therapeutical potential of AZT-liposomes in localized treatment of MRSA-related skin infections. Four different liposomal CHGs were evaluated and compared on the grounds of antibacterial activity against MRSA, AZT release profiles, cytotoxicity, as well as texture, and rheological properties. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the potential of liposomal CHGs for the topical localized treatment of MRSA-related skin infections. CHG ensured proper viscoelastic and texture properties to achieve prolonged retention and prolonged release of AZT at the application site, which resulted in a boosted anti-MRSA effect of the entrapped AZT-liposomes. With respect to anti-MRSA activity and biocompatibility, formulation CATL-CHG (cationic liposomes in CHG) is considered to be the most promising formulation for the treatment of MRSA-related skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Rukavina
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - May Wenche Jøraholmen
- 2Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Dunja Božić
- 3R&D, PLIVA Croatia Ltd. 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Frankol
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- 2Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Maja Šegvić Klarić
- 4Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Vanić
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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20
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Destruel L, Lecomte M, Grand M, Leoz M, Pestel-Caron M, Dahyot S. Impact of clonal lineages on susceptibility of Staphylococcus lugdunensis to chlorhexidine digluconate and chloride benzalkonium. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:337. [PMID: 37957548 PMCID: PMC10642039 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about susceptibility of Staphylococcus lugdunensis to antiseptics. The objective of this study was to evaluate, at the molecular and phenotypic level, the susceptibility of 49 clinical S. lugdunensis strains (belonging to the seven clonal complexes [CCs] defined by multilocus sequence typing) to two antiseptics frequently used in healthcare settings (chlorhexidine digluconate [CHX] and chloride benzalkonium [BAC]). RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), by broth microdilution method, varied for BAC from 0.25 mg/L to 8 mg/L (MIC50 = 1 mg/L, MIC90 = 2 mg/L) and for CHX from 0.5 mg/L to 2 mg/L (MIC50 = 1 mg/L, MIC90 = 2 mg/L). The BAC and CHX minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) varied from 2 mg/L to 8 mg/L (MBC50 = 4 mg/L, MBC90 = 8 mg/L) and from 2 mg/L to 4 mg/L (MBC50 and MBC90 = 4 mg/L), respectively. A reduced susceptibility to CHX (MIC = 2 mg/L) was observed for 12.2% of the strains and that to BAC (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L) for 4.1%. The norA resistance gene was detected in all the 49 isolates, whereas the qacA gene was rarely encountered (two strains; 4.1%). The qacC, qacG, qacH, and qacJ genes were not detected. The two strains harboring the qacA gene had reduced susceptibility to both antiseptics and belonged to CC3. CONCLUSION The norA gene was detected in all the strains, suggesting that it could belong to the core genome of S. lugdunensis. S. lugdunensis is highly susceptible to both antiseptics tested. Reduced susceptibility to BAC and CHX was a rare phenomenon. Of note, a tendency to higher MICs of BAC was detected for CC3 isolates. These results should be confirmed on a larger collection of strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Destruel
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F - 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Marine Lecomte
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F - 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Maxime Grand
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F - 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Marie Leoz
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F - 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Martine Pestel-Caron
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Department of Bacteriology, F - 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sandrine Dahyot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, Inserm, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Department of Bacteriology, F - 76000, Rouen, France.
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21
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Eigner F, Keller S, Schmitt S, Corti S, Nolff MC. Efficiency of octenidine dihydrochloride alcohol combination compared to ethanol based skin antiseptics for preoperative skin preparation in dogs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293211. [PMID: 37934779 PMCID: PMC10629653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the bacterial burden after skin disinfection using an alcohol octenidine dihydrochloride combination (Octenisept®) compared to an 74.1% ethanol 10% 2-propanol combination (Softasept N®). STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized clinical trial. MATERIAL & METHODS 61 dogs undergoing clean or clean-contaminated surgeries (excluding surgeries on the gastrointestinal tract) were randomly assigned to group O (skin disinfection with alcohol and octenidine dihydrochloride after washing with octenidine containing soap) or to control group C (skin disinfection using the ethanol-2-propanol combination after washing with a neutral soap without antiseptic ingredients). Samples were then taken from 8 different locations within the surgical field at four different stages: after clipping, after washing, after disinfection and one hour later. At each stage, two different sampling techniques (wet-dry swab technique (WDS) and contact plates (CP)) were used for quantitative analysis of bacterial counts. RESULTS WDS detected about 100-fold more bacteria compared to CP sampling in cases with high bacterial burden, but was not accurate enough to detect small numbers. CP sampling was therefore used for comparison of treatment protocols. 30 dogs were assigned to group O and 31 to group C. A relative reduction of 69% in group O and 77 percent in group C was observed after the soap wash. No significant differences were detected between both groups. Washing and disinfection resulted in a reduction of bacterial counts of 99.99% in group O versus 99.7% in group C (p = 0.018). Bacterial reduction one hour after washing and disinfection was significantly higher in group O (99.9%) than in group C (98.5%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Additional octenidine dihydrochloride provided a slightly better decontamination effect after disinfection, particularly one hour after, which means it may only be indicated in longer surgeries. WDS is more sensitive but less specific to detect bacteria on the skin than the CP sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eigner
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Keller
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Reproduction, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Schmitt
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Corti
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirja C. Nolff
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Ma J, Li S, Li L, Niu J. Irritant contact dermatitis and nail loss from the combined use of topical antiseptics. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 89:397-399. [PMID: 37634900 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ma
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuliang Li
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Linghui Li
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Niu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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23
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Gu Q, Lin T, Wei X, Zhang Y, Wu S, Yang X, Zhao H, Wang C, Wang J, Ding Y, Zhang J, Wu Q. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118396. [PMID: 37331316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in drinking water has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, the occurrence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) was comprehensively investigated using metagenomics. Bioinformatics analysis showed that 381 ARG subtypes belonging to 15 ARG types were detected, and bacitracin had the highest abundance (from 0.26 × 10-2 to 0.86 copies/cell), followed by multidrug (from 0.57 × 10-1 to 0.47 copies/cell) and sulfonamide (from 0.83 × 10-2 to 0.35 copies/cell). Additionally, 933 ARG-carrying contigs (ACCs) were obtained from the metagenomic data, among which 153 contigs were annotated as pathogens. The most abundant putative ARG host was Staphylococcus (7.9%), which most frequently carried multidrug ARGs (43.2%). Additionally, 38 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered, one of which was identified as Staphylococcus aureus (Bin.624) and harboured the largest number of ARGs (n = 16). Using the cultivation technique, 60 isolates were obtained from DWTP samples, and Staphylococcus spp. (n = 11) were found to be dominant in all isolates, followed by Bacillus spp. (n = 17). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that most Staphylococcus spp. were multidrug resistant (MDR). These results deepen our understanding of the distribution profiles of ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in DWTPs for potential health risk evaluation. Our study also highlights the need for new and efficient water purification technologies that can be introduced and applied in DWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China; School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xianhu Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Youxiong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Chufang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Yu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 510070, PR China.
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Hefzy EM, Radwan TEE, Hozayen BMM, Mahmoud EE, Khalil MAF. Antiseptics and mupirocin resistance in clinical, environmental, and colonizing coagulase negative Staphylococcus isolates. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2023; 12:110. [PMID: 37794413 PMCID: PMC10552417 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are opportunistic and nosocomial pathogens. The excessive use of antimicrobial agents, including antiseptics, represents one of the world's major public health problems. This study aimed to test the susceptibility of CoNS to antiseptics. METHODS Out of 250 specimens collected from different sections of the hospital, 55 samples were identified as CoNS, categorized into three groups based on their sources: environmental samples (n = 32), healthcare worker carriers samples (n = 14), and clinical infection samples (n = 9). Isolates were examined for susceptibility to antibiotics and antiseptics, such as benzalkonium chloride (BC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and chlorhexidine digluconate (CHDG). Mupirocin and antiseptic resistance genes, as well as the mecA gene, were detected using polymerase chain reaction. CoNS isolates with notable resistance to antiseptics and antibiotics were identified using the API-Staph system. RESULTS A high frequency of multidrug resistance among CoNS clinical infection isolates was observed. Approximately half of the CoNS isolates from healthcare workers were susceptible to CHDG, but 93% were resistant to BC and CTAB. The frequency of antiseptics and antibiotics resistance genes in CoNS isolates was as follows: qacA/B (51/55; 92.7%), smr (22/55; 40.0%), qacG (1/55; 1.8%), qacH (6/55; 10.9%), qacJ (4/55; 7.3%), mecA (35/55; 63.6%), mupB (10/55; 18.2%), and mupA (7/55; 12.7%). A significant difference in the prevalence of smr gene and qacJ genes between CoNS isolates from healthcare workers and other isolates was reported (P value = 0.032 and ˂0.001, respectively). Four different CoNS species; S. epidermidis, S. chromogene, S. haemolyticus, and S. hominis, were identified by API. CONCLUSIONS CoNS isolates colonizing healthcare workers showed a high prevalence of antiseptic resistance genes, while clinical infection samples were more resistant to antibiotics. CHDG demonstrated greater efficacy than BC and CTAB in our hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Mamdouh Hefzy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
| | | | - Basma M M Hozayen
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Eman E Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A F Khalil
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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25
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Alhasso B, Ghori MU, Conway BR. Development of a Nanoemulgel for the Topical Application of Mupirocin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2387. [PMID: 37896147 PMCID: PMC10610056 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mupirocin (MUP) is an effective topical antibiotic with poor skin permeability; however, its skin permeability can be improved by a nanoemulsion formulation based on eucalyptus oil or eucalyptol. Despite this improvement, the nanoemulsion has limitations, such as low viscosity, low spreadability, and poor retention on the skin. To overcome these limitations, the aim of this study was to develop a nanoemulgel formulation that would enhance its rheological behaviour and physicochemical properties. The MUP nanoemulgel was prepared by incorporating a preprepared MUP nanoemulsion into Carbopol gel at a concentration of 0.75% in a 1:1 ratio. The nanoemulgel formulations were characterised and evaluated for their physicochemical and mechanical strength properties, rheological behaviour, and in vitro skin permeation and deposition, as well as antibacterial studies. Both nanoemulgels exhibited stability at temperatures of 4 and 25 °C for a period of 3 months. They had a smooth, homogenous, and consistent appearance and displayed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behaviour, with differences in their viscosity and spreadability. However, both nanoemulgels exhibited lower skin permeability compared to the marketed control. The local accumulation efficiency of MUP from nanoemulgel after 8 h was significantly higher than that of the control, although there was no significant difference after 24 h. Micro-CT scan imaging allowed visualisation of these findings and interpretation of the deposited drug spots within the layers of treated skin. While there were no significant differences in the antibacterial activities between the nanoemulgels and the control, the nanoemulgels demonstrated superiority over the control due to their lower content of MUP. These findings support the potential use of the nanoemulgel for targeting skin lesions where high skin deposition and low permeability are required, such as in the case of topical antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahjat Alhasso
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (B.A.); (M.U.G.)
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghori
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (B.A.); (M.U.G.)
| | - Barbara R. Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (B.A.); (M.U.G.)
- Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
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26
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Konno A, Okubo T, Enoeda Y, Uno T, Sato T, Yokota SI, Yano R, Yamaguchi H. Human pathogenic bacteria on high-touch dry surfaces can be controlled by warming to human-skin temperature under moderate humidity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291765. [PMID: 37729194 PMCID: PMC10511134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections have become a major health issue worldwide. One route of transmission of pathogenic bacteria is through contact with "high-touch" dry surfaces, such as handrails. Regular cleaning of surfaces with disinfectant chemicals is insufficient against pathogenic bacteria and alternative control methods are therefore required. We previously showed that warming to human-skin temperature affected the survival of pathogenic bacteria on dry surfaces, but humidity was not considered in that study. Here, we investigated environmental factors that affect the number of live bacteria on dry surfaces in hospitals by principal component analysis of previously-collected data (n = 576, for CFU counts), and experimentally verified the effect of warming to human-skin temperature on the survival of pathogenic bacteria on dry surfaces under humidity control. The results revealed that PCA divided hospital dry surfaces into four groups (Group 1~4) and hospital dry surfaces at low temperature and low humidity (Group 3) had much higher bacterial counts as compared to the others (Group 1 and 4) (p<0.05). Experimentally, warming to human-skin temperature (37°C with 90% humidity) for 18~72h significantly suppressed the survival of pathogenic bacteria on dry surfaces, such as plastic surfaces [p<0.05 vs. 15°C (Escherichia coli DH5α, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and blaNDM-5 E. coli)] or handrails [p<0.05 vs. 15~25°C (E. coli DH5α, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii)], under moderate 55% humidity. Furthermore, intermittent heating to human-skin temperature reduced the survival of spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) (p<0.01 vs. continuous heating to human-skin temperature). NhaA, an Na+/H+ antiporter, was found to regulate the survival of bacteria on dry surfaces, and the inhibitor 2-aminoperimidine enhanced the effect of warming at human-skin temperature on the survival of pathogenic bacteria (E. coli DH5α, S. aureus, A. baumannii) on dry surfaces. Thus, warming to human-skin temperature under moderate humidity is a useful method for impairing live pathogenic bacteria on high-touch surfaces, thereby helping to prevent the spread of healthcare-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Konno
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Enoeda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uno
- Department of Nursing, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Fundamental Nursing, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Sato
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rika Yano
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Fundamental Nursing, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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Jackson A, Grove-White DH, Angell JW, Duncan JS. Comparison of clinical cure rates from footrot and contagious ovine digital dermatitis using zinc sulphate foot bathing and topical oxytetracycline: A randomised trial. Vet Rec 2023; 193:e3116. [PMID: 37308289 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study reports the clinical cure rates of topical oxytetracycline and 10% zinc sulphate foot bathing for treatment of interdigital dermatitis (ID), footrot (FR) and contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD) in lambs. METHODS The study was a randomised controlled trial of 75 lambs. Group A (n = 38) was foot bathed daily for 5 days in 10% zinc sulphate for 15 minutes and group B was treated with daily topical oxytetracycline for 5 days. On days 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42, lambs were scored for locomotion and foot lesions were recorded. RESULTS The initial cure rates for ID were 96.20% and 97.00%; for FR, 100% and 95%; and for CODD, 90.09% and 83.33% for zinc sulphate and oxytetracycline, respectively. By day 42, these had changed to 53.16% and 61% for ID; 47.82% and 70% for FR; and 100% and 83.33% for CODD. There were no significant differences in cure rates between the treatments for most time points. LIMITATIONS The sample size was small, and further studies in larger cohorts and different classes of sheep are required before the findings can be translated into recommendations for clinical practice. CONCLUSION Both treatments achieved cure rates that are comparable to reported cure rates using systemic antibiotics and could be an effective alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dai H Grove-White
- Department of Livestock and One Health, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
| | - Joseph W Angell
- Department of Research and Innovation, Wern Vets, Ruthin, UK
| | - Jennifer S Duncan
- Department of Livestock and One Health, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
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Popovich KJ, Aureden K, Ham DC, Harris AD, Hessels AJ, Huang SS, Maragakis LL, Milstone AM, Moody J, Yokoe D, Calfee DP. SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infection in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023; 44:1039-1067. [PMID: 37381690 PMCID: PMC10369222 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Previously published guidelines have provided comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist acute-care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing efforts to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission and infection. This document updates the "Strategies to Prevent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Transmission and Infection in Acute Care Hospitals" published in 2014.1 This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). It is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the American Hospital Association (AHA), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J. Popovich
- Department of Internal Medicine, RUSH Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathy Aureden
- Infection Prevention, Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, Illinois
| | - D. Cal Ham
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anthony D. Harris
- Health Care Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amanda J. Hessels
- Columbia School of Nursing, New York, New York
- Hackensack Meridian Health, Edison, New Jersey
| | - Susan S. Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California
| | - Lisa L. Maragakis
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aaron M. Milstone
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julia Moody
- Infection Prevention, HCA Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Deborah Yokoe
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
- Transplant Infectious Diseases, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - David P. Calfee
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Zubairi MB, Abd AH, Al-lami MS. Formulation and Characterization of Mupirocin Nanomicelles in Insulin-Based Gel for Dermatological Application. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:S1178-S1181. [PMID: 37694028 PMCID: PMC10485479 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_172_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To produce and analyze mupirocin nanomicelle (MP-NM) in insulin-based gel. Procedures MP-NM was prepared using solvent evaporation with Tween 80 as a surfactant. HPMC polymer prepared gel. MP-NM was characterized by globular diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), pH, entrapment efficiency (EE), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). NM MP release was studied in vitro. Results The revolutionary MP-NM in insulin-based gel dissolves MP completely without precipitation due to its unique physical and chemical properties. MP had 8.64 ± 0.2 nm globular diameter, high EE (98.85 ± 0.01%), and normal homogeneous dispersion (PDI, 0.143 ± 0.003) in NM. MP's formula showed rapid first-order kinetics release. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first MP-NM nano-drug delivery system employing insulin-based gel. It has promising pre-clinical and clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysaa B. Zubairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
| | - Abdulkareem H. Abd
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammed S. Al-lami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
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Gao F, Ahmed A, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Effective Strategies for Developing Potent, Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial and Wound Healing Promotion from Short-Chain Antimicrobial Peptides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37379222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic multidrug resistant bacterial infections are the most lethal threat to wound healing. Antimicrobial peptides have been widely used in the antimicrobial field for their good biocompatibility and resistance to multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this work, bacterial membranes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were extracted and immobilized on homemade silica microspheres to make a bacterial membrane chromatography stationary phase in order to quickly screen for peptides with antibacterial effects. The antimicrobial peptide was then successfully screened using bacterial membrane chromatography from a library of peptides synthesized by the one-bead-one-compound method. The antimicrobial peptide was effective in better shielding both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Based on this antimicrobial peptide (RWPIL), we have developed an antimicrobial hydrogel with a backbone of this antimicrobial peptide and oxidized dextran (ODEX). Owing to the interlinkage between the aldehyde group in oxidized dextran and the amine group from the trauma tissue, the hydrogel extends over the irregular obverse of the skin defect and promotes epithelial cell adhesion. Based on the histomorphological analysis, we confirmed that the RWPIL-ODEX hydrogel exerts a powerful therapeutic effect in a wound infection model. In conclusion, we have developed a new antimicrobial peptide, RWPIL, and a hydrogel based on the peptide that kills multidrug-resistant bacteria parasitic on wounds and promotes wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Adeel Ahmed
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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Wu Z, Zhu X, Hong A, He G, Wang Z, Xu Q, Hu Z, Wu X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Zhao X, Li L, Deng X. Discovery of urea-based pleuromutilin derivatives as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106547. [PMID: 37105000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to discover new antibacterial drugs and provide new treatment options for clinical antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogen infections. Inspired by the structural insights from analyzing the co-crystal structure of lefamulin with the ribosomes of S. aureus, a series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives of phenylene sulfide incorporated with urea moiety were designed and synthesized. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that derivatives with urea in the meta position of phenylene sulfide had optimal antibacterial activities in vitro. Among them, 21h was the most potent one against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and clinical AMR Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 0.00195-0.250 μg/mL. And it possessed low resistance frequency, prolonged Post-Antibiotic Effect and the capability to overcome lefamulin-induced resistance. Furthermore, 21h exhibited potent antibacterial activity in vivo in both the thigh infection model and trauma infection model, representing a promising lead for the development of new antibiotics against Gram-positive pathogens, especially for AMR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Anjin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guanghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qingyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhiyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yuezhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qiufang Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Xianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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Lin LC, Chang SC, Ou YH, Liu TP, Lu JJ. Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076198. [PMID: 37047168 PMCID: PMC10094739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus is a frequent nosocomial invasive bacteremia pathogen in hospitals. Our previous analysis showed one of the predominant strains, ST42 originated from ST3, had only one multilocus sequence typing (MLST) variation among seven loci in SH1431; yet no significant differences in biofilm formation observed between ST42 and ST3, suggesting that other factors influence clonal lineage change. Whole genome sequencing was conducted on two isolates from ST42 and ST3 to find phenotypic and genotypic variations, and these variations were further validated in 140 clinical isolates. The fusidic acid- and tetracycline-resistant genes (fusB and tetK) were found only in CGMH-SH51 (ST42). Further investigation revealed consistent resistant genotypes in all isolates, with 46% and 70% of ST42 containing fusB and tetK, respectively. In contrast, only 23% and 4.2% ST3 contained these two genes, respectively. The phenotypic analysis also showed that ST42 isolates were highly resistant to fusidic acid (47%) and tetracycline (70%), compared with ST3 (23% and 4%, respectively). Along with drug-resistant genes, three capsule-related genes were found in higher percentage distributions in ST42 than in ST3 isolates. Our findings indicate that ST42 could become endemic in Taiwan, further constitutive surveillance is required to prevent the spread of this bacterium.
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Rathbone P, Arango-Sabogal JC, De Mestre AM, Scott CJ. Antimicrobial resistance of endometrial bacterial isolates collected from UK Thoroughbred mares between 2014 and 2020. Vet Rec 2023; 192:e2591. [PMID: 36809533 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is important in equine reproduction, as antimicrobials have historically been widely used in the management of breeding mares. However, evidence of the characteristics of AMR in uterine isolates is limited in the UK. The objective of this retrospective study was therefore to describe temporal changes in AMR patterns of bacteria isolated from the endometrium of Thoroughbred broodmares in south-east England between 2014 and 2020. METHOD Endometrial swabs were processed for microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). For frequently isolated bacteria, changes in AMR patterns over time were assessed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS From 18,996 endometrial swabs, 30.5% were positive for microbial culture. AST was performed on 2091 isolates, representing 1924 swabs collected from 1370 mares located at 132 premises. Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus (BHS, 52.5%) and Escherichia coli (25.8%) were most frequently isolated. In BHS, resistance to enrofloxacin (p = 0.02), nitrofurazone (p < 0.001) and oxytetracycline (p < 0.01) increased significantly between 2014 and 2020, while resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (p < 0.001) decreased. In E. coli, resistance to nitrofurazone increased (p = 0.04) and resistance to gentamycin (p = 0.02) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (p < 0.001) decreased. LIMITATIONS Variations in the specimen collection protocols might have affected the frequency of isolates detected. CONCLUSION Between 2014 and 2020, AMR changed in this bacterial population. However, there was no significant increase in resistance to penicillin (99.6% BHS susceptible), gentamycin (81.7% E. coli susceptible) or ceftiofur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly Rathbone
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Juan C Arango-Sabogal
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amanda M De Mestre
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
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Monstrey SJ, Govaers K, Lejuste P, Lepelletier D, de Oliveira PR. Evaluation of the role of povidone‑iodine in the prevention of surgical site infections. Surg Open Sci 2023; 13:9-17. [PMID: 37034245 PMCID: PMC10074992 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence of surgical site infections (SSIs) is associated with increased risk of mortality, development of other infections, and the need for reintervention, posing a significant health burden. The aim of this review was to examine the current data and guidelines around the use of antiseptic povidone‑iodine (PVP-I) for the prevention of SSIs at each stage of surgical intervention. Methods A literature search for selected key words was performed using PubMed. Additional papers were identified based on author expertise. Results Scientific evidence demonstrates that PVP-I can be used at every stage of surgical intervention: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. PVP-I is one of the most widely used antiseptics on healthy skin and mucous membranes for preoperative surgical site preparation and is associated with a low SSI rate. For intraoperative irrigation, aqueous PVP-I is the recommended agent and has been demonstrated to decrease SSIs in a range of surgical settings, and for postoperative wound healing, there is a growing body of evidence to support the use of PVP-I. Conclusions There is a need for more stringent study designs in clinical trials to enable meaningful comparisons between antiseptic agents, particularly for preoperative skin preparation. The use of a single agent (PVP-I) at each stage of surgical intervention could potentially provide advantages, including economic benefits, over agents that can only be used at discrete stages of the surgical procedure. Key message Evidence supports the use of PVP-I at all stages of surgical intervention, from preoperative measures (including skin preparation, preoperative washing, and nasal decolonization) to intraoperative irrigation, through to postoperative wound management. However, there is a need for more stringent study designs in clinical trials to enable meaningful comparisons between antiseptic agents, particularly for preoperative skin preparation.
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Understanding CNS Effects of Antimicrobial Drugs Using Zebrafish Models. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020096. [PMID: 36851400 PMCID: PMC9964482 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs represent a diverse group of widely utilized antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral agents. Their growing use and clinical importance necessitate our improved understanding of physiological effects of antimicrobial drugs, including their potential effects on the central nervous system (CNS), at molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. In addition, antimicrobial drugs can alter the composition of gut microbiota, and hence affect the gut-microbiota-brain axis, further modulating brain and behavioral processes. Complementing rodent studies, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerges as a powerful model system for screening various antimicrobial drugs, including probing their putative CNS effects. Here, we critically discuss recent evidence on the effects of antimicrobial drugs on brain and behavior in zebrafish, and outline future related lines of research using this aquatic model organism.
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Development of Nanoemulsions for Topical Application of Mupirocin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020378. [PMID: 36839700 PMCID: PMC9960479 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mupirocin (MUP) is a topical antibacterial agent used to treat superficial skin infections but has limited application due to in vivo inactivation and plasma protein binding. A nanoemulsion formulation has the potential to enhance the delivery of mupirocin into the skin. MUP-loaded nanoemulsions were prepared using eucalyptus oil (EO) or eucalyptol (EU), Tween® 80 (T80) and Span® 80 (S80) as oil phase (O), surfactant (S) and cosurfactant (CoS). The nanoemulsions were characterised and their potential to enhance delivery was assessed using an in vitro skin model. Optimised nanoemulsion formulations were prepared based on EO (MUP-NE EO) and EU (MUP-NE EU) separately. MUP-NE EO had a smaller size with mean droplet diameter of 35.89 ± 0.68 nm and narrower particle size index (PDI) 0.10 ± 0.02 nm compared to MUP-NE EU. Both nanoemulsion formulations were stable at 25 °C for three months with the ability to enhance the transdermal permeation of MUP as compared to the control, Bactroban® cream. Inclusion of EU led to a two-fold increase in permeation of MUP compared to the control, while EO increased the percentage by 48% compared to the control. Additionally, more MUP was detected in the skin after 8 h following MUP-NE EU application, although MUP deposition from MUP-NE EO was higher after 24 h. It may be possible, through choice of essential oil to design nanoformulations for both acute and prophylactic management of topical infections.
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Combined Use of Antimicrobial Peptides with Antiseptics against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Pros and Cons. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010291. [PMID: 36678918 PMCID: PMC9863607 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are acknowledged as a promising template for designing new antimicrobials. At the same time, existing toxicity issues and limitations in their pharmacokinetics make topical application one of the less complicated routes to put AMPs-based therapeutics into actual medical practice. Antiseptics are one of the common components for topical treatment potent against antibiotic-resistant pathogens but often with toxicity limitations of their own. Thus, the interaction of AMPs and antiseptics is an interesting topic that is also less explored than combined action of AMPs and antibiotics. Herein, we analyzed antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activity of combinations of both membranolytic and non-membranolytic AMPs with a number of antiseptic agents. Fractional concentration indices were used as a measure of possible effective concentration reduction achievable due to combined application. Cases of both synergistic and antagonistic interaction with certain antiseptics and surfactants were identified, and trends in the occurrence of these types of interaction were discussed. The data may be of use for AMP-based drug development and suggest that the topic requires further attention for successfully integrating AMPs-based products in the context of complex treatment. AMP/antiseptic combinations show promise for creating topical formulations with improved activity, lowered toxicity, and, presumably, decreased chances of inducing bacterial resistance. However, careful assessment is required to avoid AMP neutralization by certain antiseptic classes in either complex drug design or AMP application alongside other therapeutics/care products.
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Protocol and algorithm for diagnosis, treatment and early referral of lower limb ulcers. ANGIOLOGIA 2023. [DOI: 10.20960/angiologia.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Kardomatea N, Hopman NEM, van Geijlswijk IM, Portengen L, Wagenaar JA, Heederik DJJ, Broens EM. Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283956. [PMID: 37053211 PMCID: PMC10101466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to topical antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine has raised concerns over retaining the efficacy of these preparations. Yet, little information is available regarding the use of topical antimicrobials in either sector for planning targeted interventions. This study aims to quantify the use of topical antimicrobials in 44 Dutch companion animal clinics before and during their participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP), to explore the effect of the intervention on topical antimicrobial use (AMU). Hence, prescription and clinic animal population data, collected from July 2012 until June 2018 were used. Specifically, the period from July 2012 until June 2015 was defined as pre-intervention period, whereas clinics started to participate in the ASP from March 2016 onwards. As quantification metric, the Defined Daily Dose for Animals (DDDA) was used and a mixed effect times series model with auto-regression was applied to monthly topical AMU data. The intervention effect was modelled using a step function with a change in (linear) time trend and clinic characteristics, as potential determinants of topical AMU, were assessed using a multivariable regression model. A seasonal pattern was identified, in the pre-intervention period, where topical AMU was highest in July-August and lowest in February-March. In addition, total topical AMU appeared to significantly decrease over time in the pre-intervention period and the proportion of dogs in the clinic was positively associated with topical AMU. The intervention effect was significant only for second line and for skin product AMU. This study demonstrates that during participation in an ASP, second line and skin product AMU decreased in Dutch companion animal clinics. Additionally, this study demonstrates the existence of a seasonal effect and a decrease in topical AMU over time already before introduction of a targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafsika Kardomatea
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nonke E M Hopman
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg M van Geijlswijk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lützen Portengen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Wagenaar
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J J Heederik
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Els M Broens
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Neri I, Miraglia del Giudice M, Novelli A, Ruggiero G, Pappagallo G, Galli L. Ideal Features of Topical Antibiotic Therapy for the Treatment of Impetigo: An Italian Expert Consensus Report. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2022; 98:100690. [PMID: 36712177 PMCID: PMC9881045 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background A group of Italian experts in impetigo medical care sought to define 10 statements to describe the ideal characteristics of the best local antibiotic treatments, and to provide relevant information re- garding their appropriate use and prescription that should be considered in clinical practice for impetigo management. Objective A group of Italian experts in impetigo medical care sought to define 10 statements to describe the ideal characteristics of the best local antibiotic treatments, and to provide relevant information regarding their appropriate use and prescription that should be considered in clinical practice for impetigo management. Methods A consensus on ideal features of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of impetigo was appraised by an online Delphi-based method, based on a panel of 61 infectious disease specialists, pediatricians, and dermatologists coordinated by a scientific committee of 5 experts specializing in impetigo management. Results Full or very high consensus was reached on the 10 statements identified to describe the characteristics of the best hypothetic antibiotic therapy for impetigo together with indications for appropriate antibiotics use. Conclusions Several criteria have to be considered when selecting topical antibacterial therapy for impetigo. Beyond efficacy and safety, antimicrobial susceptibility and pharmacological characteristics of the agent are essential points. Formulation of the antimicrobial product is fundamental, as well as patient and caregiver preference, to facilitate therapeutic adherence, to achieve the infection control, and to obtain the best benefit from treatment (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2023; 84:XXXXXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Neri
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia del Giudice
- Department of Woman and Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Novelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruggiero
- Dermatology Study Group of the Italian Federation Italian of Pediatricians, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pappagallo
- School of Clinical Research Methodology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella VR, Italy
| | - Luisa Galli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy,Address correspondence to: Luisa Galli, Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Meyer, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Viale Pieraccini 24, Florence IT-50131, Italy
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Birgand G, Ahmad R, Bulabula ANH, Singh S, Bearman G, Sánchez EC, Holmes A. Innovation for infection prevention and control-revisiting Pasteur's vision. Lancet 2022; 400:2250-2260. [PMID: 36528378 PMCID: PMC9754656 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Louis Pasteur has long been heralded as one of the fathers of microbiology and immunology. Less known is Pasteur's vision on infection prevention and control (IPC) that drove current infection control, public health, and much of modern medicine and surgery. In this Review, we revisited Pasteur's pioneering works to assess progress and challenges in the process and technological innovation of IPC. We focused on Pasteur's far-sighted conceptualisation of the hospital as a reservoir of microorganisms and amplifier of transmission, aseptic technique in surgery, public health education, interdisciplinary working, and the protection of health services and patients. Examples from across the globe help inform future thinking for IPC innovation, adoption, scale up and sustained use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Birgand
- Centre d'appui pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, Nantes, France; National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Raheelah Ahmad
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK; School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, London, UK; Institute of Business and Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sanjeev Singh
- Department of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kerala, India
| | - Gonzalo Bearman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Enrique Castro Sánchez
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK; College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare, Richard Wells Centre, University of West London, London, UK
| | - Alison Holmes
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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Cheng B, Cai Z, Luo Z, Luo S, Luo Z, Cheng Y, Yu Y, Guo J, Ju Y, Gu Q, Xu J, Jiang X, Li G, Zhou H. Structure-Guided Design of Halofuginone Derivatives as ATP-Aided Inhibitors Against Bacterial Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15840-15855. [PMID: 36394909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are promising antimicrobial targets due to their essential roles in protein translation, and expanding their inhibitory mechanisms will provide new opportunities for drug discovery. We report here that halofuginone (HF), an herb-derived medicine, moderately inhibits prolyl-tRNA synthetases (ProRSs) from various pathogenic bacteria. A cocrystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus ProRS (SaProRS) with HF and an ATP analog was determined, which guided the design of new HF analogs. Compound 3 potently inhibited SaProRS at IC50 = 0.18 μM and Kd = 30.3 nM and showed antibacterial activities with an MIC of 1-4 μg/mL in vitro. The bacterial drug resistance to 3 only developed at a rate similar to or slower than those of clinically used antibiotics in vitro. Our study indicates that the scaffold and ATP-aided inhibitory mechanism of HF could apply to bacterial ProRS and also provides a chemical validation for using bacterial ProRS as an antibacterial target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhengjun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ziqing Luo
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Siting Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhiteng Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yanfang Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Junsong Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yingchen Ju
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Geng Li
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Huihao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Repurposing Disulfiram as an Antimicrobial Agent in Topical Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121752. [PMID: 36551409 PMCID: PMC9774419 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drugs applied topically offer several advantages. However, the widespread use of antibiotics has led to increasing antimicrobial resistance. One interesting approach in the drug discovery process is drug repurposing. Disulfiram, which was originally approved as an anti-alcoholism drug, offers an attractive alternative to treat topical multidrug resistance bacteria in skin human infections. This study aimed to evaluate the biopharmaceutical characteristics of the drug and the effects arising from its topical application in detail. Microdilution susceptibility testing showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Dermal absorption revealed no permeation in pig skin. The quantification of the drug retained in pig skin demonstrated concentrations in the stratum corneum and epidermis, enough to treat skin infections. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity and micro-array analyses were performed to better understand the mechanism of action and revealed the importance of the drug as a metal ion chelator. Together, our findings suggest that disulfiram has the potential to be repurposed as an effective antibiotic to treat superficial human skin infections.
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Barakat NA, Rasmy SA, Hosny AEDMS, Kashef MT. Effect of povidone-iodine and propanol-based mecetronium ethyl sulphate on antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2022; 11:139. [PMID: 36369050 PMCID: PMC9652812 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-022-01178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reports are available on cross-resistance between antibiotics and biocides. We evaluated the effect of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and propanol-based mecetronium ethyl sulphate (PBM) on resistance development, antibiotics cross-resistance, and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PVP-I and PBM were determined against S. aureus ATCC 25923 using the agar-dilution method. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 was subjected to subinhibitory concentrations of the tested biocides in ten consecutive passages followed by five passages in a biocide-free medium; MIC was determined after each passage and after the fifth passage in the biocide-free medium. The developed resistant mutant was tested for cross-resistance to different antibiotics using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles as well as biocides’ MIC were determined for 97 clinical S. aureus isolates. Isolates were categorized into susceptible and resistant to the tested biocides based on MIC distribution pattern. The virulence of the biocide-resistant mutant and the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of biocides on virulence (biofilm formation, hemolysin activity, and expression of virulence-related genes) were tested. Results PVP-I and PBM MIC were 5000 μg/mL and 664 μg/mL. No resistance developed to PVP-I but a 128-fold increase in PBM MIC was recorded, by repeated exposure. The developed PBM-resistant mutant acquired resistance to penicillin, cefoxitin, and ciprofloxacin. No clinical isolates were PVP-I-resistant while 48.5% were PBM-resistant. PBM-resistant isolates were more significantly detected among multidrug-resistant isolates. PVP-I subinhibitory concentrations (¼ and ½ of MIC) completely inhibited biofilm formation and significantly reduced hemolysin activity (7% and 0.28%, respectively). However, subinhibitory concentrations of PBM caused moderate reduction in biofilm activity and non-significant reduction in hemolysin activity. The ½ MIC of PVP-I significantly reduced the expression of hla, ebps, eno, fib, icaA, and icaD genes. The virulence of the biocide-resistant mutant was similar to that of parent strain. Conclusion PVP-I is a highly recommended antiseptic for use in healthcare settings to control the evolution of high-risk clones. Exposure to PVP-I causes no resistance-development risk in S. aureus, with virulence inhibition by subinhibitory concentrations. Also, special protocols need to be followed during PBM use in hospitals to avoid the selection of resistant strains. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13756-022-01178-9.
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Nayak S, Kumar P, Shankar R, Mukhopadhyay AK, Mandal D, Das P. Biomass derived self-assembled DNA-dot hydrogels for enhanced bacterial annihilation. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16097-16109. [PMID: 36226636 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03810b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotization of biomass for interesting biomedical applications is still in the nascent stage with no visible market available products. While products derived from biomass DNA and protein have unquestionable biocompatibility, induction of desired properties needs careful manipulation of the biomolecules. Herein, for the first time, we report the transformation of onion derived biomass DNA into DNA-dots through its partial hydrothermal pyrolysis to induce improved mechanical and photophysical properties. The DNA-dots were further used as crosslinkers to create a hydrogel through hybridization-mediated self-assembly with untransformed genomic DNA. The DNA dot-DNA hydrogel sustainably delivers the ciprofloxacin antibiotic as well as produces on-demand reactive oxygen species (ROS) with visible light irradiation. This prompted us to explore the hydrogel as a topical formulation for combination antibiotic Antibacterial-Photodynamic Therapy (APDT) applications. Remarkable annihilation of E. coli and S. aureus, and most importantly two drug-resistant strains of E. coli, shows the success of our sustainable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna-801103, Bihar, India.
| | - Prakash Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur-844102, Bihar, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna-801103, Bihar, India.
| | - Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Debabrata Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur-844102, Bihar, India
| | - Prolay Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna-801103, Bihar, India.
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Hossain ML, Hammer K, Lim LY, Hettiarachchi D, Locher C. Optimisation of an agar overlay assay for the assessment of the antimicrobial activity of topically applied semi-solid antiseptic products including honey-based formulations. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 202:106596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Fa K, Liu H, Li Z, Gong H, Petkov J, Ren Lu J. Acyl Chain Length Tuning Improves Antimicrobial Potency and Biocompatibility of Short Designed Lipopeptides. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 630:911-923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Adewinogo SO, Sharma R, Africa CWJ, Marnewick JL, Hussein AA. Chemical Study and Comparison of the Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Helichrysum petiolare, H. cymosum, and H. odoratissimum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2606. [PMID: 36235472 PMCID: PMC9573642 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Helichrysum species are prominent South African medicinal plants. From the essential oils (EOs) of three Helichrysum species, H. petiolare, H. odoratissimum, and H. cymosum, sixty-three constituent components were identified, with hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes as major components. The compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In H. petiolare EO, the major components were faurinone (20.66%) and (E)-β-ocimene (17.21%). Faurinone was isolated from this EO for the first time. In H. odoratissimum, 1,8-cineole (17.44%) and α-pinene, and γ-curcumene (15.76%) were the major components whereas, in H. cymosum, α-pinene (29.82%) and (E)-caryophyllene (19.20%) were the major components. In the antibacterial activity study, the EOs were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The EOs were found to possess low antibacterial, anti-tyrosinase, and photoprotection activities and moderate antioxidant capacities, thus establishing these Helichrysum EOs as valuable antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena O. Adewinogo
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Symphony Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Rajan Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Symphony Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | | | - Jeanine L. Marnewick
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Ahmed A. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Symphony Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Ash SR. ZuraGard™: Being second with a better product. Artif Organs 2022; 46:2325-2328. [PMID: 36129203 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In course of developing an anticoagulant and antibacterial catheter lock solution, we demonstrated that the components and alcohol formed an effective skin antiseptic. Ash Access formed a sister company to focus on development and clinical trials of this skin preparation and exchanged intellectual property for part ownership. Zurex Pharma now has Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval on the new pre-operative skin preparation, ZuraGard™, and has made successful steps toward production and marketing of the product. The steps toward FDA approval, the size of the market, and user needs are clearer for a second product in the field than for the first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Ash
- Nephrology Department, Indiana University Health Arnett, Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,HemoCleanse Technologies, LLC, Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Ash Access Technology, Inc., Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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50
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Correia RM, Nakano LCU, Vasconcelos V, Flumignan RLG. Prevention of infection in peripheral arterial reconstruction of the lower limb. Hippokratia 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca M Correia
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luis CU Nakano
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Cochrane Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Vladimir Vasconcelos
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Cochrane Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ronald LG Flumignan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Cochrane Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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