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Li N, Wang Y, Meng Y, Lv Y, Zhang S, Wei S, Ma P, Hu Y, Lin H. Structural and functional characterization of a new thermophilic-like OYE from Aspergillus flavus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:134. [PMID: 38229304 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Old yellow enzymes (OYEs) have been proven as powerful biocatalysts for the asymmetric reduction of activated alkenes. Fungi appear to be valuable sources of OYEs, but most of the fungal OYEs are unexplored. To expand the OYEs toolbox, a new thermophilic-like OYE (AfOYE1) was identified from Aspergillus flavus strain NRRL3357. The thermal stability analysis showed that the T1/2 of AfOYE1 was 60 °C, and it had the optimal temperature at 45 °C. Moreover, AfOYE1 exhibited high reduction activity in a wide pH range (pH 5.5-8.0). AfOYE1 could accept cyclic enones, acrylamide, nitroalkenes, and α, β-unsaturated aldehydes as substrates and had excellent enantioselectivity toward prochiral alkenes (> 99% ee). Interestingly, an unexpected (S)-stereoselectivity bioreduction toward 2-methylcyclohexenone was observed. The further crystal structure of AfOYE1 revealed that the "cap" region from Ala132 to Thr182, the loop of Ser316 to Gly325, α short helix of Arg371 to Gln375, and the C-terminal "finger" structure endow the catalytic cavity of AfOYE1 quite deep and narrow, and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) heavily buried at the bottom of the active site tunnel. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism of AfOYE1 was also investigated, and the results confirmed that the residues His211, His214, and Tyr216 compose its catalytic triad. This newly identified thermophilic-like OYE would thus be valuable for asymmetric alkene hydrogenation in industrial processes. KEY POINTS: A new thermophilic-like OYE AfOYE1 was identified from Aspergillus flavus, and the T1/2 of AfOYE1 was 60 °C AfOYE1 catalyzed the reduction of 2-methylcyclohexenone with (S)-stereoselectivity The crystal structure of AfOYE1 was revealedv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yinyin Meng
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bio-Based Products, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yangyong Lv
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shuaibing Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | | | - Yuansen Hu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan Unsssiversity of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Hui Lin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bio-Based Products, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Wang J, Xiang Z, Liu D, Yan Q, Yang S, Jiang Z. Protein Engineering of a Novel β-Galactosidase from Thermus scotoductus for Efficient Synthesis of Lacto- N-Neotetraose from Chitin Powder. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38613501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A novel β-galactosidase (TsGal48) from Thermus scotoductus was cloned, and the enzyme was biochemically characterized. TsGal48 catalyzed the synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) from lactose via the transglycosylation reaction with a maximal yield of 20%, which is the highest yield for the synthesis of LNnT so far. To further improve the yield of LNnT, TsGal48 was successfully engineered by directed evolution and site-saturation mutagenesis. A mutated β-galactosidase (mTsGal48) was selected and characterized. mTsGal48 produced LNnT with a yield of 27.7 g/L, which is 1.4-fold higher than that of TsGal48 (19.7 g/L). Then, a developed strategy for LNnT synthesis from chitin powder was provided in a 30 L bioreactor. The reaction process included chitin powder hydrolysis, lacto-N-triose II (LNT2) synthesis, and LNnT synthesis. The reaction time was reduced from 44 to 17 h in chitin powder hydrolysis and LNT2 synthesis. The content of LNnT was up to 25 g/L in the multienzyme system. The green and efficient route may be suitable for large-scale production of LNnT from chitin powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhixuan Xiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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Zhang J, Li Y, Gao H, Zhang H, Zhang X, Rao Z, Xu M. N-terminal truncation (N-) and directional proton transfer in an old yellow enzyme enables tunable efficient producing (R)- or (S)-citronellal. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130129. [PMID: 38354939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
(R)-Citronellal is a valuable molecule as the precursor for the industrial synthesis of (-)-menthol, one of the worldwide best-selling compounds in the flavors and fragrances field. However, its biocatalytic production, even from the optically pure substrate (E)-citral, is inherently limited by the activity of Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE). Herein, we rationally designed a different approach to increase the activity of OYE in biocatalytic production. The activity of OYE from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgOYE) is increased, as well as superior thermal stability and pH tolerance via truncating the different lengths of regions at N-terminal of CgOYE. Next, we converted the truncation mutant N31-CgOYE, a protein involved in proton transfer for the asymmetric hydrogenation of CC bonds, into highly (R)- and (S)-stereoselective enzymes using only three mutations. The mixture of racemic (E/Z)-citral is reduced into the (R)-citronellal with ee and conversion up to 99 % by the mutant of CgOYE, overcoming the problem of the reduction for the mixtures of (E/Z)-citral in biocatalytic reaction. The present work provides a general and effective strategy for improving the activity of OYE, in which the partially conserved histidine residues provide "tunable gating" for the enantioselectivity for both the (R)- and (S)-isomerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yueshu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China..
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4
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Emmanuel MA, Bender SG, Bilodeau C, Carceller JM, DeHovitz JS, Fu H, Liu Y, Nicholls BT, Ouyang Y, Page CG, Qiao T, Raps FC, Sorigué DR, Sun SZ, Turek-Herman J, Ye Y, Rivas-Souchet A, Cao J, Hyster TK. Photobiocatalytic Strategies for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5459-5520. [PMID: 37115521 PMCID: PMC10905417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has revolutionized chemical synthesis, providing sustainable methods for preparing various organic molecules. In enzyme-mediated organic synthesis, most reactions involve molecules operating from their ground states. Over the past 25 years, there has been an increased interest in enzymatic processes that utilize electronically excited states accessed through photoexcitation. These photobiocatalytic processes involve a diverse array of reaction mechanisms that are complementary to one another. This comprehensive review will describe the state-of-the-art strategies in photobiocatalysis for organic synthesis until December 2022. Apart from reviewing the relevant literature, a central goal of this review is to delineate the mechanistic differences between the general strategies employed in the field. We will organize this review based on the relationship between the photochemical step and the enzymatic transformations. The review will include mechanistic studies, substrate scopes, and protein optimization strategies. By clearly defining mechanistically-distinct strategies in photobiocatalytic chemistry, we hope to illuminate future synthetic opportunities in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Emmanuel
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sophie G Bender
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Catherine Bilodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jose M Carceller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Institute of Chemical Technology (ITQ), Universitat Politècnica de València, València 46022,Spain
| | - Jacob S DeHovitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Bryce T Nicholls
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Claire G Page
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tianzhang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Felix C Raps
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Damien R Sorigué
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies, BIAM Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Shang-Zheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joshua Turek-Herman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yuxuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ariadna Rivas-Souchet
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jingzhe Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Todd K Hyster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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5
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Rahman Z, Thomas L, Chetri SPK, Bodhankar S, Kumar V, Naidu R. A comprehensive review on chromium (Cr) contamination and Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles in diverse extreme environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:59163-59193. [PMID: 37046169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) compounds are usually toxins and exist abundantly in two different forms, Cr(VI) and Cr(III), in nature. Their contamination in any environment is a major problem. Many extreme environments including cold climate, warm climate, acidic environment, basic/alkaline environment, hypersaline environment, radiation, drought, high pressure, and anaerobic conditions have accumulated elevated Cr contamination. These harsh physicochemical conditions associated with Cr(VI) contamination damage biological systems in various ways. However, several unique microorganisms belonging to phylogenetically distant taxa (bacteria, fungi, and microalgae) owing to different and very distinct physiological characteristics can withstand extremities of Cr(VI) in different physicochemical environments. These challenging situations offer great potential and extended proficiencies in extremophiles for environmental and biotechnological applications. On these issues, the present review draws attention to Cr(VI) contamination from diverse extreme environmental regions. The study gives a detailed account on the ecology and biogeography of Cr(VI)-resistant microorganisms in inhospitable environments, and their use for detoxifying Cr(VI) and other applications. The study also focuses on physiological, multi-omics, and genetic engineering approaches of Cr(VI)-resistant extremophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Siva P K Chetri
- Department of Botany, Dimoria College, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Shrey Bodhankar
- Department of Agriculture Microbiology, School of Agriculture Sciences, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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6
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Quaye JA, Gadda G. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 metallo flavoprotein d-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase requires Zn 2+ for substrate orientation and activation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103008. [PMID: 36775127 PMCID: PMC10034468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 d-2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG) dehydrogenase (PaD2HGDH) oxidizes D2HG to 2-ketoglutarate during the vital l-serine biosynthesis and is a potential therapeutic target against P. aeruginosa. PaD2HGDH, which oxidizes d-malate as an alternative substrate, has been demonstrated to be a metallo flavoprotein that requires Zn2+ for activity. However, the role of Zn2+ in the enzyme has not been elucidated, making it difficult to rationalize why nature employs both a redox center and a metal ion for catalysis in PaD2HGDH and other metallo flavoenzymes. In this study, recombinant His-tagged PaD2HGDH was purified to high levels in the presence of Zn2+ or Co2+ to investigate the metal's role in catalysis. We found that the flavin reduction step was reversible and partially rate limiting for the enzyme's turnover at pH 7.4 with either D2HG or d-malate with similar rate constants for both substrates, irrespective of whether Zn2+ or Co2+ was bound to the enzyme. The steady-state pL profiles of the kcat and kcat/Km values with d-malate demonstrate that Zn2+ mediates the activation of water coordinated to the metal. Our data are consistent with a dual role for the metal, which orients the hydroxy acid substrate in the enzyme's active site and rapidly deprotonates the substrate to yield an alkoxide species for hydride transfer to the flavin. Thus, we propose a catalytic mechanism for PaD2HGDH oxidation that establishes Zn2+ as a cofactor required for substrate orientation and activation during enzymatic turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna A Quaye
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Giovanni Gadda
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of The Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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7
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Quaye JA, Gadda G. Uncovering Zn 2+ as a cofactor of FAD-dependent Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 d-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103007. [PMID: 36775126 PMCID: PMC10025160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa couples the oxidation of d-2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG) to l-serine biosynthesis for survival, using d-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase from P. aeruginosa (PaD2HGDH). Knockout of PaD2HGDH impedes P. aeruginosa growth, making PaD2HGDH a potential target for therapeutics. Previous studies showed that the enzyme's activity increased with Zn2+, Co2+, or Mn2+ but did not establish the enzyme's metal composition and whether the metal is an activator or a required cofactor for the enzyme, which we addressed in this study. Comparable to the human enzyme, PaD2HGDH showed only 15% flavin reduction with D2HG or d-malate. Upon purifying PaD2HGDH with 1 mM Zn2+, the Zn2+:protein stoichiometry was 2:1, yielding an enzyme with ∼40 s-1kcat for d-malate. Treatment with 1 mM EDTA decreased the Zn2+:protein ratio to 1:1 without changing the kinetic parameters with d-malate. We observed complete enzyme inactivation for the metalloapoenzyme with 100 mM EDTA treatment, suggesting that Zn2+ is essential for PaD2HGDH activity. The presence of Zn2+ increased the flavin N3 atom pKa value to 11.9, decreased the flavin ε450 at pH 7.4 from 13.5 to 11.8 mM-1 cm-1, and yielded a charged transfer complex with a broad absorbance band >550 nm, consistent with a Zn2+-hydrate species altering the electronic properties of the enzyme-bound FAD. The exogenous addition of Zn2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, or Ni2+ to the metalloapoenzyme reactivated the enzyme in a sigmoidal pattern, consistent with an induced fit rapid-rearrangement mechanism. Collectively, our data demonstrate that PaD2HGDH is a Zn2+-dependent metallo flavoprotein, which requires Zn2+ as an essential cofactor for enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna A Quaye
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Giovanni Gadda
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; The Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Wang Q, Guo S, Ali M, Song X, Tang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Luo Y. Thermally enhanced bioremediation: A review of the fundamentals and applications in soil and groundwater remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128749. [PMID: 35364527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermally enhanced bioremediation (TEB), a new concept proposed in recent years, explores the combination of thermal treatment and bioremediation to address the challenges of the low efficiency and long duration of bioremediation. This study presented a comprehensive review regarding the fundamentals of TEB and its applications in soil and groundwater remediation. The temperature effects on the bioremediation of contaminants were systematically reviewed. The thermal effects on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, and the corresponding changes of contaminants bioavailability and microbial metabolic activities were summarized. Specifically, the increase in temperature within a suitable range can proliferate enzymes enrichment, extracellular polysaccharides and biosurfactants production, and further enhancing bioremediation. Furthermore, a systematic evaluation of TEB applications by utilizing traditional in situ heating technologies, as well as renewable energy (e.g., stored aquifer thermal energy and solar energy), was provided. Additionally, TEB has been applied as a biological polishing technology post thermal treatment, which can be a cost-effective method to address the contaminants rebounds in groundwater remediation. However, there are still various challenges to be addressed in TEB, and future research perspectives to further improve the basic understanding and applications of TEB for the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Siwei Guo
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Zhou Z, Zhu L, Dong Y, You L, Zheng S, Wang G, Xia X. Identification of a Novel Chromate and Selenite Reductase FesR in Alishewanella sp. WH16-1. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:834293. [PMID: 35350625 PMCID: PMC8957926 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.834293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A ferredoxin protein (AAY72_06850, named FesR) was identified to associate with chromate [Cr(VI)] resistance in Alishewanella sp. WH16-1. FesR and its similar proteins were phylogenetically separated from other reductase families. Unlike the reported Cr(VI) and selenite [Se(IV)] reductases, two 4Fe-4S clusters and one flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) -binding domain were found in the FesR sequence. The experiment in vivo showed that the mutant strain ΔfesR had lost partial Cr(VI) and Se(IV) reduction capacities compared to the wild-type and complemented strains. Furthermore, overexpression in Escherichia coli and enzymatic tests in vitro showed FesR were involved in Cr(VI) and Se(IV) reduction. 4Fe-4S cluster in purified FesR was detected by ultraviolet-visible spectrum (UV-VIS) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). The Km values of FesR for Cr(VI) and Se(IV) reduction were 1682.0 ± 126.2 and 1164.0 ± 89.4 μmol/L, and the Vmax values for Cr(VI) and Se(IV) reduction were 4.1 ± 0.1 and 9.4 ± 0.3 μmol min–1 mg–1, respectively. Additionally, site-directed mutagenesis and redox potential analyses showed that 4Fe-4S clusters were essential to FesR, and FAD could enhance the enzyme efficiencies of FesR as intracellular electron transporters. To the best of our knowledge, FesR is a novel Cr(VI) and Se(IV) reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lexing You
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & Utilization, Huangshi Key Laboratory of Lake Environmental Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Characteristic Wild Vegetable Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization Technology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, China
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10
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Křen V, Kroutil W, Hall M. A Career in Biocatalysis: Kurt Faber. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotransformation, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Robescu MS, Loprete G, Gasparotto M, Vascon F, Filippini F, Cendron L, Bergantino E. The Family Keeps on Growing: Four Novel Fungal OYEs Characterized. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063050. [PMID: 35328465 PMCID: PMC8954901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at expanding the portfolio of Old Yellow Enzymes (OYEs), which have been systematically studied to be employed in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries as useful biocatalysts, we decided to explore the immense reservoir of filamentous fungi. We drew from the genome of the two Ascomycetes Aspergillus niger and Botryotinia fuckeliana four new members of the OYE superfamily belonging to the classical and thermophilic-like subfamilies. The two BfOYEs show wider substrate spectra than the AnOYE homologues, which appear as more specialized biocatalysts. According to their mesophilic origins, the new enzymes neither show high thermostability nor extreme pH optimums. The crystal structures of BfOYE4 and AnOYE8 have been determined, revealing the conserved features of the thermophilic-like subclass as well as unique properties, such as a peculiar N-terminal loop involved in dimer surface interactions. For the classical representatives BfOYE1 and AnOYE2, model structures were built and analyzed, showing surprisingly wide open access to the active site cavities due to a shorter β6-loop and a disordered capping subdomain.
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12
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Kim J, Um Y, Han S, Hilberath T, Kim YH, Hollmann F, Park CB. Unbiased Photoelectrode Interfaces for Solar Coupling of Lignin Oxidation with Biocatalytic C═C Bond Hydrogenation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:11465-11473. [PMID: 35196006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper manufacturers generate approximately 50 million metric tons of lignin per annum, most of which has been abandoned or incinerated because of lignin's recalcitrant nature. Here, we report bias-free photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation of lignin coupled with asymmetric hydrogenation of C═C bonds. The PEC platform consists of a hematite (α-Fe2O3) photoanode and a silicon photovoltaic-wired mesoporous indium tin oxide (Si/mesoITO) photocathode. We substantiate a new function of photoelectroactivated α-Fe2O3 to extract electrons from lignin. The extracted electrons are transferred to the Si/mesoITO photocathode for regenerating synthetic nicotinamide cofactor analogues (mNADHs). We demonstrate that the reduction kinetics of mNAD+s depend on their reduction peak potentials. The regenerated mNADHs activate ene-reductases from the old yellow enzyme (OYE) family, which catalyze enantioselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated hydrocarbons. This lignin-fueled biocatalytic PEC system exhibits an excellent OYE's turnover frequency and total turnover number for photobiocatalytic trans-hydrogenation through cofactor regeneration. This work presents the first example of PEC regeneration of mNADHs and opens up a sustainable route for bias-free chemical synthesis using renewable lignin waste as an electron feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunna Um
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Han
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Hilberath
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Yong Hwan Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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13
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Ribeaucourt D, Höfler GT, Yemloul M, Bissaro B, Lambert F, Berrin JG, Lafond M, Paul CE. Tunable Production of ( R)- or ( S)-Citronellal from Geraniol via a Bienzymatic Cascade Using a Copper Radical Alcohol Oxidase and Old Yellow Enzyme. ACS Catal 2022; 12:1111-1116. [PMID: 35096467 PMCID: PMC8787751 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic pathways for the synthesis of (-)-menthol, the most sold flavor worldwide, are highly sought-after. To access the key intermediate (R)-citronellal used in current major industrial production routes, we established a one-pot bienzymatic cascade from inexpensive geraniol, overcoming the problematic biocatalytic reduction of the mixture of (E/Z)-isomers in citral by harnessing a copper radical oxidase (CgrAlcOx) and an old yellow enzyme (OYE). The cascade using OYE2 delivered 95.1% conversion to (R)-citronellal with 95.9% ee, a 62 mg scale-up affording high yield and similar optical purity. An alternative OYE, GluER, gave (S)-citronellal from geraniol with 95.3% conversion and 99.2% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ribeaucourt
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013 Marseille, France
- V. Mane Fils, 620 route de Grasse, 06620 Le Bar sur Loup, France
| | - Georg T. Höfler
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mehdi Yemloul
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Bissaro
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Lambert
- V. Mane Fils, 620 route de Grasse, 06620 Le Bar sur Loup, France
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Mickael Lafond
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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14
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Biotic and Abiotic Biostimulation for the Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium in Contaminated Aquifers. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is a carcinogenic heavy metal that needs to be removed effectively from polluted aquifers in order to protect public health and the environment. This work aims to evaluate the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in a contaminated aquifer through the stimulation of indigenous microbial communities with the addition of reductive agents. Soil-column experiments were conducted in the absence of oxygen and at hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) groundwater concentrations in the 1000–2000 μg/L range. Two carbon sources (molasses and EVO) and one iron electron donor (FeSO4·7H2O) were used as ways to stimulate the metabolism and proliferation of Cr(VI) reducing bacteria in-situ. The obtained results indicate that microbial anaerobic respiration and electron transfer can be fundamental to alleviate polluted groundwater from hazardous Cr(VI). The addition of organic electron donors increased significantly Cr(VI) reduction rates in comparison to natural soil attenuation rates. Furthermore, a combination of organic carbon and iron electron donors led to a longer life span of the remediation process and thus increased total Cr(VI) removal. This is the first study to investigate biotic and abiotic Cr(VI) removal by conducting experiments with natural soil and by applying biostimulation to modify the natural existing microbial communities.
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15
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Zachos I, Güner S, Essert A, Lommes P, Sieber V. Boosting artificial nicotinamide cofactor systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11945-11948. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing inexpensive nicotinamide cofactor biomimetics to replace the expensive NAD(P)/H cofactors is an ongoing research activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Zachos
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Samed Güner
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Arabella Essert
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Peta Lommes
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- SynBioFoundry@TUM, Petersgasse 5, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, 68 Copper Road, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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16
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Biotransformation of Chromium (VI) via a Reductant Activity from the Fungal Strain Purpureocillium lilacinum. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121022. [PMID: 34947004 PMCID: PMC8707924 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial effluents from chromium-based products lead to chromium pollution in the environment. Several technologies have been employed for the removal of chromium (Cr) from the environment, including adsorption, ion-exchange, bioremediation, etc. In this study, we isolated a Cr (VI)-resistant fungus, Purpureocillium lilacinum, from contaminated soil, which could reduce chromium. We also characterized a reductant activity of dichromate found in the cellular fraction of the fungus: optimal pH and temperature, effect of enzymatic inhibitors and enhancers, metal ions, use of electron donors, and initial Cr (VI) and protein concentration. This study also shows possible mechanisms that could be involved in the elimination of this metal. We observed an increase in the reduction of Cr (VI) activity in the presence of NADH followed by that of formate and acetate, as electron donor. This reduction was highly inhibited by EDTA followed by NaN3 and KCN, and this activity showed the highest activity at an optimal pH of 7.0 at 37 °C with a protein concentration of 3.62 µg/mL.
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Ociński D, Augustynowicz J, Wołowski K, Mazur P, Sitek E, Raczyk J. Natural community of macroalgae from chromium-contaminated site for effective remediation of Cr(VI)-containing leachates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147501. [PMID: 33975106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural macroalgal community, which developed in the unique and extremely Cr(VI)-polluted aquatic reservoir situated near a historical chromium-waste landfill, was studied in order to recognize the main mechanisms of Cr(VI) detoxification by the algal species. The conducted taxonomic analysis revealed mixed composition of the filamentous forms of algae and showed that three species of Tribonema, namely T. vulgare, T. microchloron and T. viride, which have not been studied before with regard to the mechanisms of Cr(VI) removal, are likely responsible for the effective bioremediation of this highly Cr(VI)-polluted habitat. The studied algal community, with the ability to grow in extremely high concentrations of Cr(VI), i.e. up to ca. 6150 times the upper limit for surface water, exhibited hyperaccumulative properties for chromium (max 16230 mg/kg dry weight) under the given environmental conditions. We found that the main mechanism of Cr(VI) detoxification was reduction followed by Cr(III) biosorption - feasibly by ion exchange and complexation mechanisms - and that the excellent efficiency of chromium reduction under the given, unfavorable weakly alkaline conditions indicates the biological origin of this process. It was concluded that the examined reservoir inhabited by the algal community can be used, after some modifications, as a simple cost-effective "bioreactor" allowing the reduction of chromium concentration to the desired level. Moreover, the conducted studies are also essential to obtain in-depth knowledge and should also be helpful in the relevance of the community for its further application as a potential biosorbent of Cr(VI) on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ociński
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, ul. Komandorska 118/120, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Joanna Augustynowicz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | - Konrad Wołowski
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Mazur
- Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Wrocław, Max Born Sq., 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Sitek
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Raczyk
- Department of Physical Geography, University of Wrocław, ul. W. Cybulskiego 34, 50-205 Wrocław, Poland
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18
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Yakasai HM, Rahman MF, Manogaran M, Yasid NA, Syed MA, Shamaan NA, Shukor MY. Microbiological Reduction of Molybdenum to Molybdenum Blue as a Sustainable Remediation Tool for Molybdenum: A Comprehensive Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5731. [PMID: 34071757 PMCID: PMC8198738 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) microbial bioreduction is a phenomenon that is beginning to be recognized globally as a tool for the remediation of molybdenum toxicity. Molybdenum toxicity continues to be demonstrated in many animal models of spermatogenesis and oogenesis, particularly those of ruminants. The phenomenon has been reported for more than 100 years without a clear understanding of the reduction mechanism, indicating a clear gap in the scientific knowledge. This knowledge is not just fundamentally important-it is specifically important in applications for bioremediation measures and the sustainable recovery of metal from industrial or mine effluent. To date, about 52 molybdenum-reducing bacteria have been isolated globally. An increasing number of reports have also been published regarding the assimilation of other xenobiotics. This phenomenon is likely to be observed in current and future events in which the remediation of xenobiotics requires microorganisms capable of degrading or transforming multi-xenobiotics. This review aimed to comprehensively catalogue all of the characterizations of molybdenum-reducing microorganisms to date and identify future opportunities and improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafeez Muhammad Yakasai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, Bayero University, Kano PMB 3011, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Fadhil Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Motharasan Manogaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Nur Adeela Yasid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Mohd Arif Syed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Nor Aripin Shamaan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Yunus Shukor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (H.M.Y.); (M.F.R.); (M.M.); (N.A.Y.); (M.A.S.)
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19
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Gallo G, Puopolo R, Carbonaro M, Maresca E, Fiorentino G. Extremophiles, a Nifty Tool to Face Environmental Pollution: From Exploitation of Metabolism to Genome Engineering. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5228. [PMID: 34069056 PMCID: PMC8157027 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extremophiles are microorganisms that populate habitats considered inhospitable from an anthropocentric point of view and are able to tolerate harsh conditions such as high temperatures, extreme pHs, high concentrations of salts, toxic organic substances, and/or heavy metals. These microorganisms have been broadly studied in the last 30 years and represent precious sources of biomolecules and bioprocesses for many biotechnological applications; in this context, scientific efforts have been focused on the employment of extremophilic microbes and their metabolic pathways to develop biomonitoring and bioremediation strategies to face environmental pollution, as well as to improve biorefineries for the conversion of biomasses into various chemical compounds. This review gives an overview on the peculiar metabolic features of certain extremophilic microorganisms, with a main focus on thermophiles, which make them attractive for biotechnological applications in the field of environmental remediation; moreover, it sheds light on updated genetic systems (also those based on the CRISPR-Cas tool), which expand the potentialities of these microorganisms to be genetically manipulated for various biotechnological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gallo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.G.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Rosanna Puopolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.G.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Miriam Carbonaro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.G.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Emanuela Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.G.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Gabriella Fiorentino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.G.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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20
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A New Thermophilic Ene-Reductase from the Filamentous Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacterium Chloroflexus aggregans. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050953. [PMID: 33925162 PMCID: PMC8146883 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at expanding the biocatalytic toolbox of ene-reductase enzymes, we decided to explore photosynthetic extremophile microorganisms as unique reservoir of (new) biocatalytic activities. We selected a new thermophilic ene-reductase homologue in Chloroflexus aggregans, a peculiar filamentous bacterium. We report here on the functional and structural characterization of this new enzyme, which we called CaOYE. Produced in high yields in recombinant form, it proved to be a robust biocatalyst showing high thermostability, good solvent tolerance and a wide range of pH optimum. In a preliminary screening, CaOYE displayed a restricted substrate spectrum (with generally lower activities compared to other ene-reductases); however, given the amazing metabolic ductility and versatility of Chloroflexus aggregans, further investigations could pinpoint peculiar chemical activities. X-ray crystal structure has been determined, revealing conserved features of Class III (or thermophilic-like group) of the family of Old Yellow Enzymes: in the crystal packing, the enzyme was found to assemble as dimer even if it behaves as a monomer in solution. The description of CaOYE catalytic properties and crystal structure provides new details useful for enlarging knowledge, development and application of this class of enzymes.
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21
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Han H, Zheng Y, Zhou T, Liu P, Li X. Cu(II) nonspecifically binding chromate reductase NfoR promotes Cr(VI) reduction. Environ Microbiol 2020; 23:415-430. [PMID: 33201569 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cu(II)-enhanced microbial Cr(VI) reduction is common in the environment, yet its mechanism is unknown. The specific activity of chromate reductase, NfoR, from Staphylococcus aureus sp. LZ-01 was augmented 1.5-fold by Cu(II). Isothermal titration calorimetry and spectral data show that Cu(II) binds to NfoR nonspecifically. Further, Cu(II) stimulates the nitrobenzene reduction of NfoR, indicating that Cu(II) promotes electron transfer. The crystal structure of NfoR in complex with CuSO4 (1.46 Å) was determined. The overall structure of NfoR-Cu(II) complex is a dimer that covalently binds with FMN and Cu(II)-binding pocket is located at the interface of the NfoR dimer. Structural superposition revealed that NfoR resembles the structure of class II chromate reductase. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Leu46 and Phe123 were involved in NADH binding, whereas Trp70 and Ser45 were the key residues for nitrobenzene binding. Furthermore, His100 and Asp171 were preferential affinity sites for Cu(II) and that Cys163 is an active site for FMN binding. Attenuation reductase activity in C163S can be partially restored to 54% wild type by increasing Cu(II) concentration. Partial restoration indicates dual-channel electron transfer of NfoR via Cu(II) and FMN. We propose a catalytic mechanism for Cu(II)-enhanced NfoR activity in which Cu(I) is formed transiently. Together, the current results provide an insight on Cu (II)-induced enhancement and benefit of Cr(VI) bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tuoyu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Dávila Costa JS, Hoskisson PA, Paterlini P, Romero CM, Alvarez A. Whole genome sequence of the multi-resistant plant growth-promoting bacteria Streptomyces sp. Z38 with potential application in agroindustry and bio-nanotechnology. Genomics 2020; 112:4684-4689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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NfoR: Chromate Reductase or Flavin Mononucleotide Reductase? Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01758-20. [PMID: 32887719 PMCID: PMC7642083 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01758-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil bacteria can detoxify Cr(VI) ions by reduction. Within the last 2 decades, numerous reports of chromate reductase enzymes have been published. These reports describe catalytic reduction of chromate ions by specific enzymes. These enzymes each have sequence similarity to known redox-active flavoproteins. We investigated the enzyme NfoR from Staphylococcus aureus, which was reported to be upregulated in chromate-rich soils and to have chromate reductase activity (H. Han, Z. Ling, T. Zhou, R. Xu, et al., Sci Rep 7:15481, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15588-y). We show that NfoR has structural similarity to known flavin mononucleotide (FMN) reductases and reduces FMN as a substrate. NfoR binds FMN with a dissociation constant of 0.4 μM. The enzyme then binds NADPH with a dissociation constant of 140 μM and reduces the flavin at a rate of 1,350 s-1 Turnover of the enzyme is apparently limited by the rate of product release that occurs, with a net rate constant of 0.45 s-1 The rate of product release limits the rate of observed chromate reduction, so the net rate of chromate reduction by NfoR is orders of magnitude lower than when this process occurs in solution. We propose that NfoR is an FMN reductase and that the criterion required to define chromate reduction as enzymatic has not been met. That NfoR expression is increased in the presence of chromate suggests that the survival adaption was to increase the net rate of chromate reduction by facile, adventitious redox processes.IMPORTANCE Chromate is a toxic by-product of multiple industrial processes. Chromate reduction is an important biological activity that ameliorates Cr(VI) toxicity. Numerous researchers have identified chromate reductase activity by observing chromate reduction. However, all identified chromate reductase enzymes have flavin as a cofactor or use a flavin as a substrate. We show here that NfoR, an enzyme claimed to be a chromate reductase, is in fact an FMN reductase. In addition, we show that reduction of a flavin is a viable way to transfer electrons to chromate but that it is unlikely to be the native function of enzymes. We propose that upregulation of a redox-active flavoprotein is a viable means to detoxify chromate that relies on adventitious reduction that is not catalyzed.
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Tumolo M, Ancona V, De Paola D, Losacco D, Campanale C, Massarelli C, Uricchio VF. Chromium Pollution in European Water, Sources, Health Risk, and Remediation Strategies: An Overview. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5438. [PMID: 32731582 PMCID: PMC7432837 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromium is a potentially toxic metal occurring in water and groundwater as a result of natural and anthropogenic sources. Microbial interaction with mafic and ultramafic rocks together with geogenic processes release Cr (VI) in natural environment by chromite oxidation. Moreover, Cr (VI) pollution is largely related to several Cr (VI) industrial applications in the field of energy production, manufacturing of metals and chemicals, and subsequent waste and wastewater management. Chromium discharge in European Union (EU) waters is subjected to nationwide recommendations, which vary depending on the type of industry and receiving water body. Once in water, chromium mainly occurs in two oxidation states Cr (III) and Cr (VI) and related ion forms depending on pH values, redox potential, and presence of natural reducing agents. Public concerns with chromium are primarily related to hexavalent compounds owing to their toxic effects on humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. Risks for human health range from skin irritation to DNA damages and cancer development, depending on dose, exposure level, and duration. Remediation strategies commonly used for Cr (VI) removal include physico-chemical and biological methods. This work critically presents their advantages and disadvantages, suggesting a site-specific and accurate evaluation for choosing the best available recovering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tumolo
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
- Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Ancona
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
| | - Domenico De Paola
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Italian National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Daniela Losacco
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
- Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Campanale
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
| | - Carmine Massarelli
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
| | - Vito Felice Uricchio
- Water Research, Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, Italy; (M.T.); (D.L.); (C.C.); (C.M.); (V.F.U.)
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Al-Shameri A, Willot SJP, Paul CE, Hollmann F, Lauterbach L. H 2 as a fuel for flavin- and H 2O 2-dependent biocatalytic reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9667-9670. [PMID: 32696786 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The soluble hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha provides an atom efficient regeneration system for reduced flavin cofactors using H2 as an electron source. We demonstrated this system for highly selective ene-reductase-catalyzed C[double bond, length as m-dash]C-double bond reductions and monooxygenase-catalyzed epoxidation. Reactions were expanded to aerobic conditions to supply H2O2 for peroxygenase-catalyzed hydroxylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Al-Shameri
- Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Wei S, Cao J, Ma X, Ping J, Zhang C, Ke T, Zhang Y, Tao Y, Chen L. The simultaneous removal of the combined pollutants of hexavalent chromium and o-nitrophenol by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 198:110648. [PMID: 32388188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have been used for the removal of heavy metals or synthetic organics; however, the simultaneous removal of both types of compounds is always technically difficult. In this study, a green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, was first used to simultaneously remove hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and o-nitrophenol (ONP), and the balance among biomass, oxidative damage and removal rate was also investigated. The results showed that treatment with Cr(VI) or ONP decreased the photosynthetic and superoxide dismutase activities and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde content. However, combined treatment with Cr(VI) (≤4 mg/L) and ONP (≤15 mg/L) significantly decreased ROS generation and alleviated cell damage in C. reinhardtii. In addition, the removal rates of Cr(VI) and ONP by C. reinhardtii cells significantly increased from 37.4% to 54.9% and from 35.8% to 45.9%, respectively, and the cells could be reused at least four times. Moreover, the increased acidity in the medium and Cr(VI) reductase content in C. reinhardtii caused Cr(VI) to be reduced to Cr(III). The addition of an exogenous antioxidant decreased the removal rates of Cr(VI) and ONP. These results indicated that the presence of Cr(VI) could induce ROS generation in C. reinhardtii and enhance ONP degradation, which consumed ROS, alleviated cell damage, and thus benefited Cr(VI) reduction. As a result, C. reinhardtii could be used as a theoretical candidate for the simultaneous removal of combined Cr(VI) and ONP contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Wei
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China; College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normarl University, Shiyan, 442000, PR China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Jie Ping
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Tan Ke
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Lanzhou Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China.
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Isolation and Identification of Chromium Reducing Bacillus Cereus Species from Chromium-Contaminated Soil for the Biological Detoxification of Chromium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062118. [PMID: 32209989 PMCID: PMC7142945 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chromium contamination has been an increasing threat to the environment and to human health. Cr(VI) and Cr(III) are the most common states of chromium. However, compared with Cr(III), Cr(VI) is more toxic and more easily absorbed, therefore, it is more harmful to human beings. Thus, the conversion of toxic Cr(VI) into Cr(III) is an accepted strategy for chromium detoxification. Here, we isolated two Bacillus cereus strains with a high chromium tolerance and reduction ability, named B. cereus D and 332, respectively. Both strains demonstrated a strong pH and temperature adaptability and survival under 8 mM Cr(VI). B. cereus D achieved 87.8% Cr(VI) removal in 24 h with an initial 2 mM Cr(VI). Cu(II) was found to increase the removal rate of Cr(VI) significantly. With the addition of 0.4 mM Cu(II), 99.9% of Cr(VI) in the culture was removed by B. cereus 332 in 24 h. This is the highest removal efficiency in the literature that we have seen to date. The immobilization experiments found that sodium alginate with diatomite was the better method for immobilization and B. cereus 332 was more efficient in immobilized cells. Our research provided valuable information and new, highly effective strains for the bioremediation of chromium pollution.
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Zhang F, Guo X, Qian DK, Sun T, Zhang W, Dai K, Zeng RJ. Decolorization of Acid Orange 7 by extreme-thermophilic mixed culture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121875. [PMID: 31362846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although a large amount of textile wastewater is discharged at high temperatures, azo dye reduction under extreme-thermophilic conditions by mixed cultures has gained little attention. In this study, Acid Orange 7 (AO7) was used as the model azo dye to demonstrate the decolorization ability of an extreme-thermophilic mixed culture. The results showed that a decolorization efficiency of over 90% was achieved for AO7. The neutral red (NR, 0.1 mM) could promote AO7 decolorization, in which the group of Cell + NR offered the highest decolorization rate of 1.568 1/h and t1/2 was only 0.44 h, whereas after CuCl2 addition, the decolorization rate (0.141 1/h) was lower and t1/2 (4.92 h) was much longer. Thus, CuCl2 notably inhibited this process. Caldanaerobacter (64.0%) and Pseudomonas (25.4%) were the main enriched bacteria, which were not reported to have the ability for dye decolorization. Therefore, this study extends the application of extreme-thermophilic biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ding-Kang Qian
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Raymond J Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Dong QY, Wang Z, Shi LD, Lai CY, Zhao HP. Anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to chromate reduction in a methane-based membrane biofilm batch reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:26286-26292. [PMID: 31286367 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chromate can be reduced by methanotrophs in a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR). In this study, we cultivated a Cr(VI)-reducing biofilm in a methane (CH4)-based membrane biofilm batch reactor (MBBR) under anaerobic conditions. The Cr(VI) reduction rate increased to 0.28 mg/L day when the chromate concentration was ≤ 2.2 mg/L but declined sharply to 0.01 mg/L day when the Cr(VI) concentration increased to 6 mg/L. Isotope tracing experiments showed that part of the 13C-labeled CH4 was transformed to 13CO2, suggesting that the biofilm may reduce Cr(VI) by anaerobic methane oxidation (AnMO). Microbial community analysis showed that a methanogen, i.e., Methanobacterium, dominated in the biofilm, suggesting that this genus is probably capable of carrying out AnMO. The abundance of Methylomonas, an aerobic methanotroph, decreased significantly, while Meiothermus, a potential chromate-reducing bacterium, was enriched in the biofilm. Overall, the results showed that the anaerobic environment inhibited the activity of aerobic methanotrophs while promoting AnMO bacterial enrichment, and high Cr(VI) loading reduced Cr(VI) flux by inhibiting the methane oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yi Dong
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Dong Shi
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Yu Lai
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia.
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Kim J, Lee SH, Tieves F, Paul CE, Hollmann F, Park CB. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a photocatalyst. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax0501. [PMID: 31334353 PMCID: PMC6641943 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a key redox compound in all living cells responsible for energy transduction, genomic integrity, life-span extension, and neuromodulation. Here, we report a new function of NAD+ as a molecular photocatalyst in addition to the biological roles. Our spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses reveal light absorption and electronic properties of two π-conjugated systems of NAD+. Furthermore, NAD+ exhibits a robust photostability under UV-Vis-NIR irradiation. We demonstrate photocatalytic redox reactions driven by NAD+, such as O2 reduction, H2O oxidation, and the formation of metallic nanoparticles. Beyond the traditional role of NAD+ as a cofactor in redox biocatalysis, NAD+ executes direct photoactivation of oxidoreductases through the reduction of enzyme prosthetic groups. Consequently, the synergetic integration of biocatalysis and photocatalysis using NAD+ enables solar-to-chemical conversion with the highest-ever-recorded turnover frequency and total turnover number of 1263.4 hour-1 and 1692.3, respectively, for light-driven biocatalytic trans-hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahng Ha Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Florian Tieves
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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Peters C, Frasson D, Sievers M, Buller R. Novel Old Yellow Enzyme Subclasses. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1569-1577. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Peters
- Competence Center for BiocatalysisInstitute of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and Facility ManagementZurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - David Frasson
- Molecular BiologyInstitute of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and Facility ManagementZurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Martin Sievers
- Molecular BiologyInstitute of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and Facility ManagementZurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Buller
- Competence Center for BiocatalysisInstitute of Chemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Life Sciences and Facility ManagementZurich University of Applied Sciences Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
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Chromium(VI) reduction in Streptomyces sp. M7 mediated by a novel Old Yellow Enzyme. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5015-5022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Satgurunathan T, Bhavan PS, Joy RDS. Green Synthesis of Chromium Nanoparticles and Their Effects on the Growth of the Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Post-larvae. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:543-552. [PMID: 29948910 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with synthesis of chromium nanoparticles (CrNPs) from potassium dichromate using the aqueous extract of Allium sativum. They were characterized through UV-VIS light, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, and FT-IR, which revealed uniform, mono-dispersive, and highly stable CrNPs of 31-64-nm size. The Artemia nauplii was enriched with 4.94 mg/L of CrNPs (24-h LC50) at different durations (½, 1, 2, and 4 h) and then fed to Macrobrachium rosenbegii post-larvae (PL) for 30 days as live feed. The results showed that ½- and 1-h enriched Artemia nauplii led to significant improvements in nutritional indices including growth and survival, and concentrations of tissue biochemical constituents, such as total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid of M. rosenbergii PL (P < 0.05), which suggests that this concentration of CrNPs was non-toxic to M. rosenbergii PL. This was confirmed by the insignificant alterations recorded in activities of SOD and CAT (P > 0.05) in M. rosenbergii PL fed with ½- and 1-h enriched Artemia nauplii as live feed. After that, SOD and CAT activities started to increase. Therefore, this optimized concentration of CrNPs (4.94 mg/L) is recommended for enrichment of Artemia nauplii for ½-1-h duration as a sustainable material in the nursery of M. rosenbergii.
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Learman DR, Ahmad Z, Brookshier A, Henson MW, Hewitt V, Lis A, Morrison C, Robinson A, Todaro E, Wologo E, Wynne S, Alm EW, Kourtev PS. Comparative genomics of 16 Microbacterium spp. that tolerate multiple heavy metals and antibiotics. PeerJ 2019; 6:e6258. [PMID: 30671291 PMCID: PMC6336093 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 16 different strains of Microbacterium spp. were isolated from contaminated soil and enriched on the carcinogen, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. The majority of the isolates (11 of the 16) were able to tolerate concentrations (0.1 mM) of cobalt, cadmium, and nickel, in addition to Cr(VI) (0.5–20 mM). Interestingly, these bacteria were also able to tolerate three different antibiotics (ranges: ampicillin 0–16 μg ml−1, chloramphenicol 0–24 μg ml−1, and vancomycin 0–24 μg ml−1). To gain genetic insight into these tolerance pathways, the genomes of these isolates were assembled and annotated. The genomes of these isolates not only have some shared genes (core genome) but also have a large amount of variability. The genomes also contained an annotated Cr(VI) reductase (chrR) that could be related to Cr(VI) reduction. Further, various heavy metal tolerance (e.g., Co/Zn/Cd efflux system) and antibiotic resistance genes were identified, which provide insight into the isolates’ ability to tolerate metals and antibiotics. Overall, these isolates showed a wide range of tolerances to heavy metals and antibiotics and genetic diversity, which was likely required of this population to thrive in a contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deric R Learman
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Zahra Ahmad
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Allison Brookshier
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Michael W Henson
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Victoria Hewitt
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Lis
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Cody Morrison
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Autumn Robinson
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Emily Todaro
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Ethan Wologo
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Sydney Wynne
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Alm
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Peter S Kourtev
- Institute for Great Lakes Research and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
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Gonçalves LCP, Mansouri HR, PourMehdi S, Abdellah M, Fadiga BS, Bastos EL, Sá J, Mihovilovic MD, Rudroff F. Boosting photobioredox catalysis by morpholine electron donors under aerobic conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00496c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Morpholine derivatives expand the applicability of photobiocatalysis towards stabilization of flavin-based bio- and photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shadi PourMehdi
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- TU Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Physical Chemistry Division
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | - Bruna S. Fadiga
- Physical Chemistry Division
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | - Erick L. Bastos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of São Paulo
- 03178-200 São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Physical Chemistry Division
- Department of Chemistry
- Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
| | | | - Florian Rudroff
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- TU Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
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36
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Zheng B, Ye Y, Hu B, Luo C, Zhu Y. Enhanced removal of chromium(vi) by Fe(iii)-reducing bacterium coated ZVI for wastewater treatment: batch and column experiments. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36144-36153. [PMID: 35540610 PMCID: PMC9075124 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to effectively destroy the structure of the passive oxidation film that covers zero-valent iron (ZVI), an Fe(iii)-reducing strain, namely Morganella sp., was isolated from anaerobic activated sludge and coated on ZVI, which was distributed in porous ceramsite made of iron dust, kaolin and straw, with a ratio of 7 : 3 : 1. Batch experiments showed that under the optimized conditions, the maximum removal amount of Cr(vi) by ZVI increased from 7.33 mg g−1 to 26.87 mg g−1 in the presence of the Fe(iii)-reducing bacterium. The column experiment was performed with the addition of the agar globules to supply nutrients to the strain. Compared with ZVI, the column penetration time and maximum capture amount of RB-ZVI increased to 17 h and 112.5 mg g−1, respectively, on the 15th day. Furthermore, the service life of RB-ZVI was prolonged in the existence of the strain. Based on X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, the key mechanisms for the removal of Cr(vi) by ZVI coated with Fe(iii)-reducing bacterium were determined to be adsorption, reduction, coprecipitation and biomineralization. To effectively destroy the structure of the passive oxidation film covering zero-valent iron (ZVI), an Fe(iii)-reducing strain, Morganella sp., was isolated from anaerobic activated sludge and coated on the ZVI.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zheng
- College of Economics and Management
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yizi Ye
- School of Life Sciences
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- P. R. China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Sciences
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Luo
- School of Life Sciences
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- P. R. China
| | - Yuling Zhu
- School of Life Sciences
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- P. R. China
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37
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Kumru C, Classen T, Pietruszka J. Enantioselective, Catalytic One‐Pot Synthesis of
γ
‐Butyrolactone‐Based Fragrances. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Kumru
- Institut für Bioorganische ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb. 15.8 Jülich 52426 Germany
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften, (IBG-1: Bioorganic Chemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Thomas Classen
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften, (IBG-1: Bioorganic Chemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Geb. 15.8 Jülich 52426 Germany
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften, (IBG-1: Bioorganic Chemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich 52425 Germany
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38
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Isolation and characterization of chromium(VI)-reducing bacteria from tannery effluents and solid wastes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:126. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Chen BS, Médici R, van der Helm MP, van Zwet Y, Gjonaj L, van der Geest R, Otten LG, Hanefeld U. Rhodococcus strains as source for ene-reductase activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5545-5556. [PMID: 29705954 PMCID: PMC5999131 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhodococcus strains are ubiquitous in nature and known to metabolise a wide variety of compounds. At the same time, asymmetric reduction of C=C bonds is important in the production of high-valued chiral building blocks. In order to evaluate if Rhodococci can be used for this task, we have probed several Rhodococcus rhodochrous and R. erythropolis strains for ene-reductase activity. A series of substrates including activated ketones, an aldehyde, an imide and nitro-compound were screened using whole cells of seven Rhodococcus strains. This revealed that whole cells of all Rhodococcus strains showed apparent (S)-selectivity towards ketoisophorone, while most other organisms show (R)-selectivity for this compound. Three putative ene-reductases from R. rhodochrous ATCC 17895 were heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. One protein was purified and its biocatalytic and biochemical properties were characterised, showing typical (enantioselective) properties for class 3 ene-reductases of the old yellow enzyme family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Shuang Chen
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.,School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Rosario Médici
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle P van der Helm
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ymke van Zwet
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Lorina Gjonaj
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roelien van der Geest
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Linda G Otten
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
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40
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Bai YN, Lu YZ, Shen N, Lau TC, Zeng RJ. Investigation of Cr(VI) reduction potential and mechanism by Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus under glucose fermentation condition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:585-592. [PMID: 29102641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the microbial reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] by an extremely thermophilic bacterium, Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus, under glucose fermentation conditions at 70°C. Experimentation with different initial Cr(VI) concentrations confirmed that C. saccharolyticus had the ability to reduce Cr(VI) and immobilize Cr(III). At a concentration of 40mg/L, Cr(VI) was completely reduced within 12h, and 97% of the reduction product Cr(III) precipitated on the cell surface. Cr(VI) reduction was accelerated by the addition of neutral red (NR, an electron mediator), resulting in the reduction time shortened to 1h. The addition of CuCl2, a Ni-Fe hydrogenase inhibitor, also enhanced Cr(VI) reduction. Additionally, analysis of the relationship between Cr(VI) reduction and glucose fermentation suggested that different electron sources acted during CuCl2 and NR conditions. Hydrogen served as an electron donor under normal fermentation and NR conditions with the catalysis of Ni-Fe hydrogenase. However, when the activity of Ni-Fe hydrogenase was inhibited by CuCl2, C. saccharolyticus directly used reduction equivalents during glucose fermentation for intracellular Cr(VI) reduction. Therefore, our findings demonstrated high Cr(VI) reduction ability and different electron transfer pathways during Cr(VI) reduction by C. saccharolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Bai
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China; School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Yong-Ze Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Nan Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Tai-Chu Lau
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China; School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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41
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Copper (II) binding of NAD(P)H- flavin oxidoreductase (NfoR) enhances its Cr (VI)-reducing ability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15481. [PMID: 29133854 PMCID: PMC5684319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes can reduce hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) to the less toxic and soluble trivalent Cr (III). Copper stimulates microbial reduction of Cr (VI) by the Bacillus, Ochrobactrum, and Gluconobacter species; however, the mechanism remains unclear. In our study, the rate of Cr (VI) reduction by Staphylococcus aureus LZ-01 was increased by 210 % when supplemented with 60 μM Cu (II). A putative NAD(P)H-flavin oxidoreductase gene (nfoR) was upregulated under Cr (VI) stress. NfoR-knockout mutant displayed impaired reduction of Cr (VI) and Cu (II)-enhanced Cr (VI) reduction by nfoR isogenic mutant was attenuated in the presence of Cu (II). In vitro tests showed an increased Vmax value of 25.22 μM min−1 mg−1 NfoR in the presence of Cu (II). Together, these results indicate that NfoR is responsible for Cu (II) enhancement. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assays confirmed the interaction of NfoR with Cu (II) at the dissociation constant of 85.5 μM. Site-directed mutagenesis indicates that His100, His128, and Met165 residues may be important for Cu (II) binding, while Cys163 is necessary for the FMN binding of NfoR. These findings show that Cu (II)-enhanced NfoR belongs to a new branch of Cr (VI) reductases and profoundly influences Cr (VI) reduction.
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42
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The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on chromium(VI) reduction using autotrophic cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:1725-1731. [PMID: 28871394 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromium is an acutely toxic heavy metal that is known to be a carcinogen. Of the two predominant forms of chromium, Cr(III) and Cr(VI), Cr(III) has only about one thousandth the toxicity of Cr(VI). Using microalgal biomass is one way to remove Cr(VI) from the environment. Four days of hydraulic retention time (HRT) was required to completely reduce 10 mg/L of Cr(VI) in the influent. Microalgal biomass is conventionally regarded as an adsorbent in most Cr(VI) reduction studies. However, this study found that Chlorella vulgaris had the potential to convert Cr(VI) to Cr(III) through the enzymatic route of chromium reductase although the measured chromium reductase activity of C. vulgaris was less than that reported values obtained in bacteria. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis further showed the absorption edge of Cr(III) in Cr(VI)-treated C. vulgaris, supporting the assumption of Cr(VI) potentially being converted to less-toxic Cr(III).
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43
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Nowak C, Pick A, Lommes P, Sieber V. Enzymatic Reduction of Nicotinamide Biomimetic Cofactors Using an Engineered Glucose Dehydrogenase: Providing a Regeneration System for Artificial Cofactors. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nowak
- Department
of Life Science Engineering, Straubing Center of Science, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - André Pick
- Department
of Life Science Engineering, Straubing Center of Science, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Petra Lommes
- Department
of Life Science Engineering, Straubing Center of Science, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Department
of Life Science Engineering, Straubing Center of Science, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- TUM Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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44
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Lee SH, Choi DS, Pesic M, Lee YW, Paul CE, Hollmann F, Park CB. Cofactor-Free, Direct Photoactivation of Enoate Reductases for the Asymmetric Reduction of C=C Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahng Ha Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Milja Pesic
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Yang Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
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45
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Lee SH, Choi DS, Pesic M, Lee YW, Paul CE, Hollmann F, Park CB. Cofactor-Free, Direct Photoactivation of Enoate Reductases for the Asymmetric Reduction of C=C Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8681-8685. [PMID: 28544039 PMCID: PMC5519925 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Enoate reductases from the family of old yellow enzymes (OYEs) can catalyze stereoselective trans-hydrogenation of activated C=C bonds. Their application is limited by the necessity for a continuous supply of redox equivalents such as nicotinamide cofactors [NAD(P)H]. Visible light-driven activation of OYEs through NAD(P)H-free, direct transfer of photoexcited electrons from xanthene dyes to the prosthetic flavin moiety is reported. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses verified spontaneous association of rose bengal and its derivatives with OYEs. Illumination of a white light-emitting-diode triggered photoreduction of OYEs by xanthene dyes, which facilitated the enantioselective reduction of C=C bonds in the absence of NADH. The photoenzymatic conversion of 2-methylcyclohexenone resulted in enantiopure (ee>99 %) (R)-2-methylcyclohexanone with conversion yields as high as 80-90 %. The turnover frequency was significantly affected by the substitution of halogen atoms in xanthene dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahng Ha Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 335 Science Road, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 335 Science Road, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Milja Pesic
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 335 Science Road, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Caroline E Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 335 Science Road, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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46
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Yen HW, Chen PW, Hsu CY, Lee L. The use of autotrophic Chlorella vulgaris in chromium (VI) reduction under different reduction conditions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Old Yellow Enzyme-Catalysed Asymmetric Hydrogenation: Linking Family Roots with Improved Catalysis. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7050130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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48
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Nett N, Duewel S, Richter AA, Hoebenreich S. Revealing Additional Stereocomplementary Pairs of Old Yellow Enzymes by Rational Transfer of Engineered Residues. Chembiochem 2017; 18:685-691. [PMID: 28107586 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Every year numerous protein engineering and directed evolution studies are published, increasing the knowledge that could be used by protein engineers. Here we test a protein engineering strategy that allows quick access to improved biocatalysts with very little screening effort. Conceptually it is assumed that engineered residues previously identified by rational and random methods induce similar improvements when transferred to family members. In an application to ene-reductases from the Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) family, the newly created variants were tested with three compounds, revealing more stereocomplementary OYE pairs with potent turnover frequencies (up to 660 h-1 ) and excellent stereoselectivities (up to >99 %). Although systematic prediction of absolute enantioselectivity of OYE variants remains a challenge, "scaffold sampling" was confirmed as a promising addition to protein engineers' collection of strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Nett
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Duewel
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Annelis Richter
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hoebenreich
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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49
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Tosstorff A, Kroner C, Opperman DJ, Hollmann F, Holtmann D. Towards electroenzymatic processes involving old yellow enzymes and mediated cofactor regeneration. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:71-76. [PMID: 32624730 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Old yellow enzymes are able to catalyze asymmetric C=C reductions. A mediated electroenzymatic process to regenerate the NADPH in combination with an old yellow enzyme was investigated. Due to the fact that the overall process was affected by a broad set of parameters, a design of experiments (DoE) approach was chosen to identify suitable process conditions. Process conditions with high productivities of up to 2.27 mM/h in combination with approximately 90% electron transfer efficiency were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cora Kroner
- DECHEMA Research Institute Frankfurt Germany
| | - Diederik J Opperman
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology TU Delft Julianalaan BL Delft The Netherlands
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50
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A thermophilic-like ene-reductase originating from an acidophilic iron oxidizer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:609-619. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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