1
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Mu J, Chen C, Ren Z, Liu F, Gu X, Sun J, Liu Y, Geng D, Yang S, Li Q, Liu L, Wang L, Chen X, Xie H, Shen C. Multicenter Validation of lncRNA and Target mRNA Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Acute Ischemic Stroke From Peripheral Blood Leukocytes. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034764. [PMID: 38979813 PMCID: PMC11292759 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA profiles in leukocytes have shown potential as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to identify altered lncRNA and target mRNA profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes as biomarkers and to assess the diagnostic value and association with AIS prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and differentially expressed target mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened by RNA sequencing in the discovery set, which consisted of 10 patients with AIS and 20 controls. Validation sets consisted of a multicenter (311 AIS versus 303 controls) and a nested case-control study (351 AIS versus 352 controls). The discriminative value of DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs added to the traditional risk factors was estimated with the area under the curve. NAMPT-AS, FARP1-AS1, FTH1, and NAMPT were identified in the multicenter case-control study (P<0.05). LncRNA NAMPT-AS was associated with cis-target mRNA NAMPT and trans-target mRNA FTH1 in all validation sets (P<0.001). Similarly, AIS cases exhibited upregulated lncRNA FARP-AS1 and FTH1 expression (P<0.001) in the nested case-control study (P<0.001). Furthermore, lncRNA FARP1-AS1 expression was upregulated in AIS patients at discharge with an unfavorable outcome (P<0.001). Positive correlations were found between NAMPT expression level and NIHSS scores of AIS patients (P<0.05). Adding 2 lncRNAs and 2 target mRNAs to the traditional risk factor model improved area under the curve by 22.8% and 5.2% in the multicenter and the nested case-control studies, respectively. CONCLUSIONS lncRNA NAMPT-AS and FARP1-AS1 have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for AIS and exhibit good performance when combined with target mRNA NAMPT and FTH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Mu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Changying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zhanyun Ren
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixingJiangsuChina
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xincheng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Junxiang Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixingJiangsuChina
| | - Yu Liu
- Centre for Disease Control and PreventionJurongJiangsuChina
| | - Deqin Geng
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Third People’s HospitalXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of NeurologyJurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong People’s HospitalJurongJiangsuChina
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of NeurologyJurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong People’s HospitalJurongJiangsuChina
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hankun Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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2
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Semerena E, Nencioni A, Masternak K. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: role in disease pathophysiology and as a biomarker. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268756. [PMID: 37915565 PMCID: PMC10616597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a central role in mammalian cell metabolism by contributing to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. However, NAMPT activity is not limited to the intracellular compartment, as once secreted, the protein accomplishes diverse functions in the extracellular space. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT, also called visfatin or pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor) has been shown to possess adipocytokine, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Numerous studies have reported the association between elevated levels of circulating eNAMPT and various inflammatory and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung injury and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on eNAMPT biology, proposed roles in disease pathogenesis, and its potential as a disease biomarker. We also briefly discuss the emerging therapeutic approaches for eNAMPT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Semerena
- Light Chain Bioscience - Novimmune SA, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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3
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Houry D, Raasakka A, Ferrario E, Niere M, Bifulco E, Kursula P, Ziegler M. Identification of structural determinants of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) activity and substrate selectivity. J Struct Biol 2023; 215:108004. [PMID: 37495196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2023.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
NAD homeostasis in mammals requires the salvage of nicotinamide (Nam), which is cleaved from NAD+ by sirtuins, PARPs, and other NAD+-dependent signaling enzymes. Nam phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in vitamin B3 salvage, whereby Nam reacts with phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) to form nicotinamide mononucleotide. NAMPT has a high affinity towards Nam, which is further enhanced by autophosphorylation of His247. The mechanism of this enhancement has remained unknown. Here, we present high-resolution crystal structures and biochemical data that provide reasoning for the increased affinity of the phosphorylated NAMPT for its substrate. Structural and kinetic analyses suggest a mechanism that includes Mg2+ coordination by phospho-His247, such that PRPP is stabilized in a position highly favorable for catalysis. Under these conditions, nicotinic acid (NA) can serve as a substrate. Moreover, we demonstrate that a stretch of 10 amino acids, present only in NAMPTs from deuterostomes, facilitates conformational plasticity and stabilizes the chemically unstable phosphorylation of His247. Thereby the apparent substrate affinity is considerably enhanced compared to prokaryotic NAMPTs. Collectively, our study provides a structural basis for the important function of NAMPT to recycle Nam into NAD biosynthesis with high affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Houry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53 A/B, 5006 Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Arne Raasakka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Eugenio Ferrario
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marc Niere
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ersilia Bifulco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53 A/B, 5006 Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Petri Kursula
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mathias Ziegler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.
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4
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Li Q, Meng D, You C. An artificial multi-enzyme cascade biocatalysis for biomanufacturing of nicotinamide mononucleotide from starch and nicotinamide in one-pot. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Dai Y, Lin J, Ren J, Zhu B, Wu C, Yu L. NAD + metabolism in peripheral neuropathic pain. Neurochem Int 2022; 161:105435. [PMID: 36273706 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an omnipresent metabolite that participates in redox reactions. Multiple NAD+-consuming enzymes are implicated in numerous biological processes, including transcription, signaling, and cell survival. Multiple pieces of evidence have demonstrated that NAD+-consuming enzymes, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), sirtuins (SIRTs), and sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 (SARM1), play major roles in peripheral neuropathic pain of various etiologies. These NAD+ consumers primarily participate in peripheral neuropathic pain via mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Furthermore, NAD+ synthase and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) have recently been found to contribute to the regulation of pain. Here, we review the evidence indicating the involvement of NAD+ metabolism in the pathological mechanisms of peripheral neuropathic pain. Advanced understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with NAD+ in peripheral neuropathic pain will facilitate the development of novel treatment options for diverse types of peripheral neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Jinxuan Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Chengwei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Lina Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China.
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6
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Abdalla MMI. Role of visfatin in obesity-induced insulin resistance. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:10840-10851. [PMID: 36338223 PMCID: PMC9631142 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i30.10840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing worldwide burden of insulin resistance (IR) emphasizes the importance of early identification for improved management. Obesity, particularly visceral obesity, has been a key contributing factor in the development of IR. The obesity-associated chronic inflammatory state contributes to the development of obesity-related comorbidities, including IR. Adipocytokines, which are released by adipose tissue, have been investigated as possible indicators of IR. Visfatin was one of the adipocytokines that attracted attention due to its insulin-mimetic activity. It is released from a variety of sources, including visceral fat and macrophages, and it influences glucose metabolism and increases inflammation. The relationship between visfatin and IR in obesity is debatable. As a result, the purpose of this review was to better understand the role of visfatin in glucose homeostasis and to review the literature on the association between visfatin levels and IR, cardiovascular diseases, and renal diseases in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Physiology Department, Human Biology Division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia
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7
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Huang Z, Li N, Yu S, Zhang W, Zhang T, Zhou J. Systematic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Efficient Production of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide From Nicotinamide. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:2979-2988. [PMID: 35977419 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Research studies on NAD+ have proven its crucial role in aging and disease. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), as the key intermediate of NAD+, plays a significant role in supplying and maintaining NAD+ levels. In the present study, a biocatalytic method for the efficient synthesis of NMN was established. First, Escherichia coli was systematically modified to make it more conducive to the biosynthesis and accumulation of NMN. Next, the performance of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase from Vibrio bacteriophage KVP40 (VpNadV) was determined, which has the best catalytic activity to produce NMN from nicotinamide. The accumulation of extracellular NMN was further increased after the introduction of an NMN transporter. Fine-tuning of gene expression and copy number led to the synthesis of NMN at the yield of 2.6 g/L at the shake flask level. The introduction of a nicotinamide transporter, BcniaP, could not obviously increase the production of NMN at the shake flask level, but it decreased the production of NMN at the bioreactor level. Finally, the titer of NMN reached 16.2 g/L with a conversion ratio of 97.0% from nicotinamide, both of which are highest according to currently available reports. The fed-batch fermentation with direct supplementation of nicotinamide could facilitate the industrial-scale production of NMN compared to that achieved by the whole-cell catalysis process. These results also represent the highest reported yield of NMN synthesized from nicotinamide in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshi Huang
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ning Li
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Corporation Limited, 678 Tianchen Street, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Tianmeng Zhang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Corporation Limited, 678 Tianchen Street, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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8
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Zhu Y, Xu P, Huang X, Shuai W, Liu L, Zhang S, Zhao R, Hu X, Wang G. From Rate-Limiting Enzyme to Therapeutic Target: The Promise of NAMPT in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:920113. [PMID: 35903330 PMCID: PMC9322656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.920113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway in mammals. It is of great significance in the metabolic homeostasis and cell survival via synthesizing nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) through enzymatic activities, serving as a key protein involved in the host's defense mechanism. The NAMPT metabolic pathway connects NAD-dependent sirtuin (SIRT) signaling, constituting the NAMPT-NAD-SIRT cascade, which is validated as a strong intrinsic defense system. Neurodegenerative diseases belong to the central nervous system (CNS) disease that seriously endangers human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed that neurodegenerative diseases will become the second leading cause of human death in the next two decades. However, effective drugs for neurodegenerative diseases are scant. NAMPT is specifically highly expressed in the hippocampus, which mediates cell self-renewal and proliferation and oligodendrocyte synthesis by inducing the biosynthesis of NAD in neural stem cells/progenitor cells. Owing to the active biological function of NAMPT in neurogenesis, targeting NAMPT may be a powerful therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to review the structure and biological functions, the correlation with neurodegenerative diseases, and treatment advance of NAMPT, aiming to provide a novel idea for targeted therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Emergency Department, Institute of Medical Big Data, Zigong Academy of Big Data for Science and Artificial Intelligence, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China School of Nursing, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Engineering nonphotosynthetic carbon fixation for production of bioplastics by methanogenic archaea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118638119. [PMID: 35639688 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118638119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceBiological carbon fixation provides opportunities to directly utilize CO2 to synthesize a broad range of value-added compounds, potentially displacing petroleum feedstock use in industry. Chemoautotrophs are particularly interesting as their carbon fixation can be driven chemically by renewable H2 in place of light, which can limit industrial fermentation of photosynthetic organisms. We describe the development of a methanogenic host, Methanococcus maripaludis, for metabolic engineering. Since redox cofactors used in upstream archaeal carbon fixation pathways are orthogonal to typical downstream biosynthetic pathways, it was necessary to engineer both NADH biosynthesis and turnover. In doing so, we are able to show that methanogenic archaea can, indeed, serve as a platform for the high-yield production of bioplastics and monomers from CO2 and H2.
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10
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Tsoyi K, Rosas IO. Targeting Danger Signals to Rescue Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 66:468-470. [PMID: 35271415 PMCID: PMC9116361 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0022ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Tsoyi
- Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Department of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
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11
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Zhang P, Brinton LT, Williams K, Sher S, Orwick S, Tzung-Huei L, Mims AS, Coss CC, Kulp SK, Youssef Y, Chan WK, Mitchell S, Mustonen A, Cannon M, Phillips H, Lehman AM, Kauffman T, Beaver L, Canfield D, Grieselhuber NR, Alinari L, Sampath D, Yan P, Byrd JC, Blachly JS, Lapalombella R. Targeting DNA Damage Repair Functions of Two Histone Deacetylases, HDAC8 and SIRT6, Sensitizes Acute Myeloid Leukemia to NAMPT Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2352-2366. [PMID: 33542077 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitors (NAMPTi) are currently in development, but may be limited as single-agent therapy due to compound-specific toxicity and cancer metabolic plasticity allowing resistance development. To potentially lower the doses of NAMPTis required for therapeutic benefit against acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify rational disease-specific partners for a novel NAMPTi, KPT-9274. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cell lines and primary cells were analyzed for cell viability, self-renewal, and responses at RNA and protein levels with loss-of-function approaches and pharmacologic treatments. In vivo efficacy of combination therapy was evaluated with a xenograft model. RESULTS We identified two histone deacetylases (HDAC), HDAC8 and SIRT6, whose knockout conferred synthetic lethality with KPT-9274 in AML. Furthermore, HDAC8-specific inhibitor, PCI-34051, or clinical class I HDAC inhibitor, AR-42, in combination with KPT-9274, synergistically decreased the survival of AML cells in a dose-dependent manner. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment attenuated colony-forming potentials of patient cells while sparing healthy hematopoietic cells. Importantly, combined therapy demonstrated promising in vivo efficacy compared with KPT-9274 or AR-42 monotherapy. Mechanistically, genetic inhibition of SIRT6 potentiated the effect of KPT-9274 on PARP-1 suppression by abolishing mono-ADP ribosylation. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment resulted in synergistic attenuation of homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining pathways in cell lines and leukemia-initiating cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that HDAC8 inhibition- or shSIRT6-induced DNA repair deficiencies are potently synergistic with NAMPT targeting, with minimal toxicity toward normal cells, providing a rationale for a novel-novel combination-based treatment for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lindsey T Brinton
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katie Williams
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven Sher
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shelley Orwick
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lai Tzung-Huei
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alice S Mims
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Samuel K Kulp
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shaneice Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Allison Mustonen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew Cannon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hannah Phillips
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy M Lehman
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tierney Kauffman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Larry Beaver
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel Canfield
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicole R Grieselhuber
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James S Blachly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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12
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Schuwerk L, Hoeltig D, Waldmann KH, Valentin-Weigand P, Rohde J. Sero- and apx-typing of German Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field isolates from 2010 to 2019 reveals a predominance of serovar 2 with regular apx-profile. Vet Res 2021; 52:10. [PMID: 33472678 PMCID: PMC7818768 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotyping is the most common method to characterize field isolates of Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Based on serology, many farms seem to be infected and antibodies against a wide variety of serovars are detectable, but, so far it is unknown to what degree respective serovars contribute to outbreaks of clinical manifest disease. In this study, 213 German A. pleuropneumoniae field isolates retrieved for diagnostic purposes from outbreaks of porcine pleuropneumonia between 2010 and 2019 were genetically serotyped and analyzed regarding their apx-toxin gene profile using molecular methods. Serotyping revealed a prominent role of serovar 2 in clinical cases (64% of all isolates) and an increase in the detection of this serovar since 2010 in German isolates. Serovar 9/11 followed as the second most frequent serovar with about 15% of the isolates. Furthermore, very recently described serovars 16 (n = 2) and 18 (n = 8) were detected. Most isolates (93.4%) showed apx-profiles typical for the respective serovar. However, this does not hold true for isolates of serovar 18, as 75% (n = 6) of all isolates of this serovar deviated uniformly from the “typical” apx-gene profile of the reference strain 7311555. Notably, isolates from systemic lesions such as joints or meninges did not harbor the complete apxICABD operon which is considered typical for highly virulent strains. Furthermore, the extremely low occurrence (n = 1) of NAD independent (biovar II) isolates in German A. pleuropneumoniae was evident in our collection of clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schuwerk
- Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany. .,Institute for Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Doris Hoeltig
- Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, Forensic Medicine and Ambulatory Service, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Waldmann
- Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, Forensic Medicine and Ambulatory Service, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Valentin-Weigand
- Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Judith Rohde
- Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Dakroub A, A. Nasser S, Younis N, Bhagani H, Al-Dhaheri Y, Pintus G, Eid AA, El-Yazbi AF, Eid AH. Visfatin: A Possible Role in Cardiovasculo-Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112444. [PMID: 33182523 PMCID: PMC7696687 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Visfatin/NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) is an adipocytokine with several intriguing properties. It was first identified as pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor but turned out to possess enzymatic functions in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, with ubiquitous expression in skeletal muscles, liver, cardiomyocytes, and brain cells. Visfatin exists in an intracellular (iNAMPT) and extracellular (eNAMPT) form. Intracellularly, visfatin/iNAMPT plays a regulatory role in NAD+ biosynthesis and thereby affects many NAD-dependent proteins such as sirtuins, PARPs, MARTs and CD38/157. Extracellularly, visfatin is associated with many hormone-like signaling pathways and activates some intracellular signaling cascades. Importantly, eNAMPT has been associated with several metabolic disorders including obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes. In this review, a brief overview about visfatin is presented with special emphasis on its relevance to metabolic diseases. Visfatin/NAMPT appears to be a unique molecule with clinical significance with a prospective promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications in many cardiovasculo-metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dakroub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Suzanne A. Nasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon;
| | - Nour Younis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Humna Bhagani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
| | - Yusra Al-Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, UAE;
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, UAE;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Assaad A. Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Ahmed F. El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, El-Mesallah, Egypt
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon; (A.D.); (N.Y.); (H.B.); (A.F.E.-Y.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +974-4403-3333
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14
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Selective targeting of NAMPT by KPT-9274 in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2020; 3:242-255. [PMID: 30692102 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain extremely limited and associated with significant toxicity. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is involved in the generation of NAD+ and a potential therapeutic target in AML. We evaluated the effect of KPT-9274, a p21-activated kinase 4/NAMPT inhibitor that possesses a unique NAMPT-binding profile based on in silico modeling compared with earlier compounds pursued against this target. KPT-9274 elicited loss of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis and induced apoptosis in AML subtypes independent of mutations and genomic abnormalities. These actions occurred mainly through the depletion of NAD+, whereas genetic knockdown of p21-activated kinase 4 did not induce cytotoxicity in AML cell lines or influence the cytotoxic effect of KPT-9274. KPT-9274 exposure reduced colony formation, increased blast differentiation, and diminished the frequency of leukemia-initiating cells from primary AML samples; KPT-9274 was minimally cytotoxic toward normal hematopoietic or immune cells. In addition, KPT-9274 improved overall survival in vivo in 2 different mouse models of AML and reduced tumor development in a patient-derived xenograft model of AML. Overall, KPT-9274 exhibited broad preclinical activity across a variety of AML subtypes and warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for AML.
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15
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Audrito V, Messana VG, Deaglio S. NAMPT and NAPRT: Two Metabolic Enzymes With Key Roles in Inflammation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:358. [PMID: 32266141 PMCID: PMC7096376 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) are two intracellular enzymes that catalyze the first step in the biosynthesis of NAD from nicotinamide and nicotinic acid, respectively. By fine tuning intracellular NAD levels, they are involved in the regulation/reprogramming of cellular metabolism and in the control of the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins, PARPs, and NADases. However, during evolution they both acquired novel functions as extracellular endogenous mediators of inflammation. It is well-known that cellular stress and/or damage induce release in the extracellular milieu of endogenous molecules, called alarmins or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which modulate immune functions through binding pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and activate inflammatory responses. Increasing evidence suggests that extracellular (e)NAMPT and eNAPRT are novel soluble factors with cytokine/adipokine/DAMP-like actions. Elevated eNAMPT were reported in several metabolic and inflammatory disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer, while eNAPRT is emerging as a biomarker of sepsis and septic shock. This review will discuss available data concerning the dual role of this unique family of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Audrito
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gianluca Messana
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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16
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Ghorbanhosseini SS, Nourbakhsh M, Zangooei M, Abdolvahabi Z, Bolandghamtpour Z, Hesari Z, Yousefi Z, Panahi G, Meshkani R. MicroRNA-494 induces breast cancer cell apoptosis and reduces cell viability by inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression and activity. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:838-851. [PMID: 31645844 PMCID: PMC6806255 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. BC is frequently associated with elevated levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) in blood and tumor tissue. MicroRNA-494 (miR-494) has been described to play key anti-tumor roles in human cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of miR-494 on NAMPT-mediated viability of BC cells. In this experimental study, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured and then transfected with miR-494 mimic, miR-494 inhibitor and their negative controls. The mRNA and protein expression of NAMPT were assessed using real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Subsequently, intracellular NAD levels were determined by a colorimetric method. Finally, cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Bioinformatics evaluations predicted NAMPT as a miR-494 target gene which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Our results showed an inverse relationship between the expression of miR-494 and NAMPT in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. miR-494 significantly down-regulated NAMPT mRNA and protein expression and was also able to reduce the cellular NAD content. Cell viability was decreased following miR-494 up-regulation. In addition, apoptosis was induced in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by miR-494 mimic. Our findings indicate that miR-494 acts as a tumor suppressor and has an important effect in suppressing the growth of BC cells through NAMPT. Therefore, miR-494 might be considered as a novel therapeutic target for the management of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zangooei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zohreh Abdolvahabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Bolandghamtpour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, IUMS, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hesari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zeynab Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Estienne A, Bongrani A, Reverchon M, Ramé C, Ducluzeau PH, Froment P, Dupont J. Involvement of Novel Adipokines, Chemerin, Visfatin, Resistin and Apelin in Reproductive Functions in Normal and Pathological Conditions in Humans and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184431. [PMID: 31505789 PMCID: PMC6769682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently, their involvement in fertility regulation and the development of some reproductive disorders has been suggested. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulin-resistance. Here, we will review their expression and role in male and female reproduction in humans and animal models. According to accumulating evidence, they could regulate the secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), gonadotropins and steroids. Furthermore, their expression and that of their receptors (if known), has been demonstrated in the human and animal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Like leptin and adiponectin, these novel adipokines could thus represent metabolic sensors that are able to regulate reproductive functions according to energy balance changes. Therefore, after investigating their role in normal fertility, we will also discuss their possible involvement in some reproductive troubles known to be associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in women, and sperm abnormalities and testicular pathologies in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Ducluzeau
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Unit of Endocrinology, CHRU Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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18
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Franco-Trepat E, Guillán-Fresco M, Alonso-Pérez A, Jorge-Mora A, Francisco V, Gualillo O, Gómez R. Visfatin Connection: Present and Future in Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081178. [PMID: 31394795 PMCID: PMC6723538 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pathologies (MSPs) such as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), are a set of disorders that cause severe pain, motion difficulties, and even permanent disability. In developed countries, the current incidence of MSPs reaches about one in four adults and keeps escalating as a consequence of aging and sedentarism. Interestingly, OA and OP have been closely related to similar risk factors, including aging, metabolic alterations, and inflammation. Visfatin, an adipokine with an inflammatory and catabolic profile, has been associated with several OA and OP metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. Furthermore, visfatin has been associated with the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays a key role in cartilage and bone inflammatory and catabolic responses. Moreover, visfatin has been related to several OA and OP pathologic features. The aim of this work is to bring together basic and clinical data regarding the common role of visfatin in these pathologies and their major shared risk factors. Finally, we discuss the pitfalls of visfatin as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vera Francisco
- Research laboratory 9, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Research laboratory 9, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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19
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NAD + metabolism governs the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretome. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:397-407. [PMID: 30778219 PMCID: PMC6448588 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable growth arrest that is implicated in tissue ageing and cancer. Senescent cells are characterized by an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, which is termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). NAD+ metabolism influences both tissue ageing and cancer. However, the role of NAD+ metabolism in regulating the SASP is poorly understood. Here we show that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme of the NAD+ salvage pathway, governs the proinflammatory SASP independent of senescence-associated growth arrest. NAMPT is regulated by HMGAs during senescence. The HMGAs/NAMPT/NAD+ signaling axis promotes the proinflammatory SASP through enhancing glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. HMGAs/NAMPT promotes the proinflammatory SASP through NAD+-mediated suppression of AMPK kinase, which suppresses p53-mediated inhibition of p38MAPK to enhance NFκb activity. We conclude that NAD+ metabolism governs the proinflammatory SASP. Given the tumor-promoting effects of the proinflammatory SASP, our results suggest that anti-ageing dietary NAD+ augmentation should be administered with precision.
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20
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Tatsumi S, Katai K, Kaneko I, Segawa H, Miyamoto KI. NAD metabolism and the SLC34 family: evidence for a liver-kidney axis regulating inorganic phosphate. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:109-122. [PMID: 30218374 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The solute carrier 34 (SLC34) family of membrane transporters is a major contributor to Pi homeostasis. Many factors are involved in regulating the SLC34 family. The roles of the bone mineral metabolism factors parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in Pi homeostasis are well studied. Intracellular Pi is thought to be involved in energy metabolism, such as ATP production. Under certain conditions of altered energy metabolism, plasma Pi concentrations are affected by the regulation of a Pi shift into cells or release from the tissues. We recently investigated the mechanism of hepatectomy-related hypophosphatemia, which is thought to involve an unknown phosphaturic factor. Hepatectomy-related hypophosphatemia is due to impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism through its effects on the SLC34 family in the liver-kidney axis. The oxidized form of NAD, NAD+, is an essential cofactor in various cellular biochemical reactions. Levels of NAD+ and its reduced form NADH vary with the availability of dietary energy and nutrients. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) generates a key NAD+ intermediate, nicotinamide mononucleotide, from nicotinamide and 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate. The liver, an important organ of NAD metabolism, is thought to release metabolic products such as nicotinamide and may control NAD metabolism in other organs. Moreover, NAD is an important regulator of the circadian rhythm. Liver-specific Nampt-deficient mice and heterozygous Nampt mice have abnormal daily plasma Pi concentration oscillations. These data indicate that NAD metabolism in the intestine, liver, and kidney is closely related to Pi metabolism through the SLC34 family. Here, we review the relationship between the SLC34 family and NAD metabolism based on our recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawako Tatsumi
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institution of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
| | - Kanako Katai
- Faculty of Human Life and Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institution of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroko Segawa
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institution of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institution of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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21
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Dalamaga M, Christodoulatos GS, Mantzoros CS. The role of extracellular and intracellular Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives and challenges. Metabolism 2018; 82:72-87. [PMID: 29330025 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (Nampt) or pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor or visfatin represents a pleiotropic molecule acting as an enzyme, a cytokine and a growth factor. Intracellular Nampt plays an important role in cellular bioenergetics and metabolism, particularly NAD biosynthesis. NAD biosynthesis is critical in DNA repair, oncogenic signal transduction, transcription, genomic integrity and apoptosis. Although its insulin-mimetic function remains a controversial issue, extracellular Nampt presents proliferative, anti-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and metastatic properties. Nampt is upregulated in many malignancies, including obesity-associated cancers, and is associated with worse prognosis. Serum Nampt may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cancer. Pharmacologic agents that neutralize Nampt or medications that decrease Nampt levels or downregulate signaling pathways downstream of Nampt may prove to be useful anti-cancer treatments. In particular, Nampt inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination therapy have displayed anti-cancer activity in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this review is to explore the role of Nampt in cancer pathophysiology as well as to synopsize the mechanisms underlying the association between extracellular and intracellular Nampt, and malignancy. Exploring the interplay of cellular bioenergetics, inflammation and adiposopathy is expected to be of importance in the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; Department of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, Nikis 2, Kifisia, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Crystal structure-based comparison of two NAMPT inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:294-301. [PMID: 28858298 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a novel strategy for cancer therapy, but only two inhibitors of NAMPT (FK866 and CHS828) have progressed into clinical trials. This study seeks to compare a novel potent NAMPT inhibitor, MS0, with a classical inhibitor FK866 in their biological activity and molecular binding mode, thereby contributing to future chemical optimization and a further understanding of the action mode of NAMPT inhibitors. The IC50 values of MS0 and FK866 in inhibition of recombinant human NAMPT activity were 9.08±0.90 and 1.60±0.32 nmol/L, respectively. Consistently, FK866 exerted better antiproliferation in 6 human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A2780, 95-D, A549, U2OS and U266) than MS0 with IC50 values nearly 12-fold to 225-fold lower than those of MS0. Co-crystal structures of wild-type human NAMPT complexed with MS0 or FK866 were elucidated, which revealed that MS0 did not interact with Ser241. The hydrogen bond mediated by crystallographic water between MS0 and His191 or Val350 of NAMPT did not exist in FK866. Instead, FK866 exhibited hydrophobic interactions with Arg349. Based on the activity assays and crystal structure analyses, we elaborate the reason why the antiproliferation activity of MS0 was not as good as that of FK866, which would contributes to the current understanding of the mode of action of NAMPT inhibitors and will also contribute to further development of anticancer drugs in the future.
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Poljsak B. NAMPT-Mediated NAD Biosynthesis as the Internal Timing Mechanism: In NAD+ World, Time Is Running in Its Own Way. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:210-224. [PMID: 28756747 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological age of organisms differs from the chronological age and is determined by internal aging clock(s). How cells estimate time on a scale of 24 hours is relatively well studied; however, how biological time is measured by cells, tissues, organs, or organisms in longer time periods (years and decades) is largely unknown. What is clear and widely agreed upon is that the link to age and age-related diseases is not chronological, as it does not depend on a fixed passage of time. Rather, this link depends on the biological age of an individual cell, tissue, organ, or organism and not on time in a strictly chronological sense. Biological evolution does not invent new methods as often as improving upon already existing ones. It should be easier to evolve and remodel the existing (circadian) time clock mechanism to use it for measurement or regulation of longer time periods than to invent a new time mechanism/clock. Specifically, it will be demonstrated that the circadian clock can also be used to regulate circannual or even longer time periods. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, being regulated by the circadian clock, might be the missing link between aging, cell cycle control, DNA damage repair, cellular metabolism and the aging clock, which is responsible for the biological age of an organism. The hypothesis that NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 might represent the time regulator that determines the organismal biological age will be presented. The biological age of tissues and organs might be regulated and synchronized through eNAMPT blood secretion. The "NAD World 2.0" concept will be upgraded with detailed insights into mechanisms that regulate NAD+-mediated aging clock ticking, the duration and amplitude of which are responsible for the aging rate of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljsak
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Vibrio Phage KVP40 Encodes a Functional NAD + Salvage Pathway. J Bacteriol 2017; 199:JB.00855-16. [PMID: 28167526 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00855-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome of T4-type Vibrio bacteriophage KVP40 has five genes predicted to encode proteins of pyridine nucleotide metabolism, of which two, nadV and natV, would suffice for an NAD+ salvage pathway. NadV is an apparent nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAmPRTase), and NatV is an apparent bifunctional nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNATase) and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide pyrophosphatase (Nudix hydrolase). Genes encoding the predicted salvage pathway were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, the proteins were purified, and their enzymatic properties were examined. KVP40 NadV NAmPRTase is active in vitro, and a clone complements a Salmonella mutant defective in both the bacterial de novo and salvage pathways. Similar to other NAmPRTases, the KVP40 enzyme displayed ATPase activity indicative of energy coupling in the reaction mechanism. The NatV NMNATase activity was measured in a coupled reaction system demonstrating NAD+ biosynthesis from nicotinamide, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, and ATP. The NatV Nudix hydrolase domain was also shown to be active, with preferred substrates of ADP-ribose, NAD+, and NADH. Expression analysis using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme assays of infected Vibrio parahaemolyticus cells demonstrated nadV and natV transcription during the early and delayed-early periods of infection when other KVP40 genes of nucleotide precursor metabolism are expressed. The distribution and phylogeny of NadV and NatV proteins among several large double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) myophages, and also those from some very large siphophages, suggest broad relevance of pyridine nucleotide scavenging in virus-infected cells. NAD+ biosynthesis presents another important metabolic resource control point by large, rapidly replicating dsDNA bacteriophages.IMPORTANCE T4-type bacteriophages enhance DNA precursor synthesis through reductive reactions that use NADH/NADPH as the electron donor and NAD+ for ADP-ribosylation of proteins involved in transcribing and translating the phage genome. We show here that phage KVP40 encodes a functional pyridine nucleotide scavenging pathway that is expressed during the metabolic period of the infection cycle. The pathway is conserved in other large, dsDNA phages in which the two genes, nadV and natV, share an evolutionary history in their respective phage-host group.
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Metabolic and molecular insights into an essential role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2705. [PMID: 28333140 PMCID: PMC5386535 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a pleiotropic protein implicated in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome, aging, cancer, coronary heart diseases, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and sepsis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of NAMPT in these physiological and pathological processes are not fully understood. Here, we provide experimental evidence that a Nampt gene homozygous knockout (Nampt−/−) resulted in lethality at an early stage of mouse embryonic development and death within 5–10 days in adult mice accompanied by a 25.24±2.22% body weight loss, after the tamoxifen induction of NamptF/F × Cre mice. These results substantiate that Nampt is an essential gene for life. In Nampt−/− mice versusNampt+/+ mice, biochemical assays indicated that liver and intestinal tissue NAD levels were decreased significantly; histological examination showed that mouse intestinal villi were atrophic and disrupted, and visceral fat was depleted; mass spectrometry detected unusual higher serum polyunsaturated fatty acid containing triglycerides. RNA-seq analyses of both mouse and human pediatric liver transcriptomes have convergently revealed that NAMPT is involved in key basic cellular functions such as transcription, translation, cell signaling, and fundamental metabolism. Notably, the expression of all eight enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle were decreased significantly in the Nampt−/− mice. These findings prompt us to posit that adult Nampt−/− mouse lethality is a result of a short supply of ATP from compromised intestinal absorption of nutrients from digested food, which leads to the exhaustion of body fat stores.
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Carbone F, Liberale L, Bonaventura A, Vecchiè A, Casula M, Cea M, Monacelli F, Caffa I, Bruzzone S, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Regulation and Function of Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/Visfatin. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:603-621. [PMID: 28333382 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Dalamaga M, Christodoulatos GS. Visfatin, Obesity, and Cancer. ADIPOCYTOKINES, ENERGY BALANCE, AND CANCER 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41677-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kennedy BE, Sharif T, Martell E, Dai C, Kim Y, Lee PWK, Gujar SA. NAD + salvage pathway in cancer metabolism and therapy. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:274-283. [PMID: 27816507 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme for various physiological processes including energy metabolism, DNA repair, cell growth, and cell death. Many of these pathways are typically dysregulated in cancer cells, making NAD+ an intriguing target for cancer therapeutics. NAD+ is mainly synthesized by the NAD+ salvage pathway in cancer cells, and not surprisingly, the pharmacological targeting of the NAD+ salvage pathway causes cancer cell cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Several studies have described the precise consequences of NAD+ depletion on cancer biology, and have demonstrated that NAD+ depletion results in depletion of energy levels through lowered rates of glycolysis, reduced citric acid cycle activity, and decreased oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, depletion of NAD+ causes sensitization of cancer cells to oxidative damage by disruption of the anti-oxidant defense system, decreased cell proliferation, and initiation of cell death through manipulation of cell signaling pathways (e.g., SIRT1 and p53). Recently, studies have explored the effect of well-known cancer therapeutics in combination with pharmacological depletion of NAD+ levels, and found in many cases a synergistic effect on cancer cell cytotoxicity. In this context, we will discuss the effects of NAD+ salvage pathway inhibition on cancer cell biology and provide insight on this pathway as a novel anti-cancer therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry E Kennedy
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tanveer Sharif
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Emma Martell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Cathleen Dai
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Youra Kim
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Patrick W K Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Shashi A Gujar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Systems Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Conze DB, Crespo-Barreto J, Kruger CL. Safety assessment of nicotinamide riboside, a form of vitamin B 3. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1149-1160. [PMID: 26791540 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115626254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3 present in trace amounts in some foods. Like niacin, it has been shown to be a precursor in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The safety of Niagen™, a synthetic form of NR, was determined using a bacterial reverse mutagenesis assay (Ames), an in vitro chromosome aberration assay, an in vivo micronucleus assay, and acute, 14-day and 90-day rat toxicology studies. NR was not genotoxic. There was no mortality at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. Based on the results of a 14-day study, a 90-day study was performed comparing NR at 300, 1000, and 3000 mg/kg/day to an equimolar dose of nicotinamide at 1260 mg/kg/day as a positive control. Results from the study show that NR had a similar toxicity profile to nicotinamide at the highest dose tested. Target organs of toxicity were liver, kidney, ovaries, and testes. The lowest observed adverse effect level for NR was 1000 mg/kg/day, and the no observed adverse effect level was 300 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Conze
- 1 Spherix Consulting, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - C L Kruger
- 1 Spherix Consulting, Rockville, MD, USA
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Chen H, Wang S, Zhang H, Nice EC, Huang C. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) in carcinogenesis: new clinical opportunities. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:827-38. [PMID: 27186719 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2016.1190649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the mammalian nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway. Aberrant NAD metabolism was associated with oncogenic signal transduction, suggesting the critical roles of Nampt in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, Nampt can be secreted out of the cell, and this extracellular form of Nampt (eNampt) was shown to induce inflammation and angiogenesis due to its cytokine activity, which may also be involved in carcinogenesis. AREAS COVERED This article reviews recent advances in the studies of Nampt in carcinogenesis, with a special highlight on Nampt inhibitors and future clinical application, including cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Expert commentary: Nampt not only maintains the balance of cellular metabolism, but also has a profound influence on multiple aspects of carcinogenesis. Therefore, elucidation of these mechanisms opens the door for future clinical applications targeting this protein. Additional studies are needed to address important questions including the relationship between extracellular Nampt and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Department of Neurology , The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College , Haikou , China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Department of Neurology , The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College , Haikou , China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Department of Neurology , The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College , Haikou , China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Monash University , Clayton , Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- c State Key Laboratory for Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital , Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy , Chengdu , China
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Loera-Muro A, Jacques M, Avelar-González FJ, Labrie J, Tremblay YDN, Oropeza-Navarro R, Guerrero-Barrera AL. Auxotrophic Actinobacillus pleurpneumoniae grows in multispecies biofilms without the need for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) supplementation. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:128. [PMID: 27349384 PMCID: PMC4924255 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiologic agent of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, which causes important worldwide economic losses in the swine industry. Several respiratory tract infections are associated with biofilm formation, and A. pleuropneumoniae has the ability to form biofilms in vitro. Biofilms are structured communities of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymer matrix that are attached to an abiotic or biotic surface. Virtually all bacteria can grow as a biofilm, and multi-species biofilms are the most common form of microbial growth in nature. The goal of this study was to determine the ability of A. pleuropneumoniae to form multi-species biofilms with other bacteria frequently founded in pig farms, in the absence of pyridine compounds (nicotinamide mononucleotide [NMN], nicotinamide riboside [NR] or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NAD]) that are essential for the growth of A. pleuropneumoniae. Results For the biofilm assay, strain 719, a field isolate of A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1, was mixed with swine isolates of Streptococcus suis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli, and deposited in 96-well microtiter plates. Based on the CFU results, A. pleuropneumoniae was able to grow with every species tested in the absence of pyridine compounds in the culture media. Interestingly, A. pleuropneumoniae was also able to form strong biofilms when mixed with S. suis, B. bronchiseptica or S. aureus. In the presence of E. coli, A. pleuropneumoniae only formed a weak biofilm. The live and dead populations, and the matrix composition of multi-species biofilms were also characterized using fluorescent markers and enzyme treatments. The results indicated that poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine remains the primary component responsible for the biofilm structure. Conclusions In conclusion, A. pleuropneumoniae apparently is able to satisfy the requirement of pyridine compounds through of other swine pathogens by cross-feeding, which enables A. pleuropneumoniae to grow and form multi-species biofilms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0742-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Loera-Muro
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico, 20131
| | - Mario Jacques
- Groupe de recherche sur la maladies infectieuses du porc, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 7C6, Canada
| | | | - Josée Labrie
- Groupe de recherche sur la maladies infectieuses du porc, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Yannick D N Tremblay
- Groupe de recherche sur la maladies infectieuses du porc, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - Ricardo Oropeza-Navarro
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, 62260
| | - Alma L Guerrero-Barrera
- Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico, 20131. .,Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico, 20131.
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Chen X, Zhao S, Song Y, Shi Y, Leak RK, Cao G. The Role of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Cerebral Ischemia. Curr Top Med Chem 2016; 15:2211-21. [PMID: 26059356 DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150610142234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is the only drug approved for the clinical treatment of acute ischemic stroke, there is an urgent unmet need for novel stroke treatments. Endogenous defense mechanisms against stroke may hold the key to new therapies for stroke. A large number of studies suggest that nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase (NAMPT is an attractive candidate to improve post-stroke recovery. NAMPT is a multifunctional protein and plays important roles in immunity, metabolism, aging, inflammation, and stress responses. NAMPT exists in both the intracellular and extracellular space. As a rate-limiting enzyme, the intracellular form (iNAMPT catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD from nicotinamide. iNAMPT closely regulates energy metabolism, enhancing the proliferation of endothelial cells, inhibiting apoptosis, regulating vascular tone, and stimulating autophagy in disease conditions such as stroke. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT is also known as visfatin (visceral fat-derived adipokine and has pleotropic effects. It is widely believed that the diverse biological functions of eNAMPT are attributed to its NAMPT enzymatic activity. However, the effects of eNAMPT on ischemic injury are still controversial. Some authors have argued that eNAMPT exacerbates ischemic neuronal injury non-enzymatically by triggering the release of TNF-α from glial cells. In addition, NAMPT also participates in several pathophysiological processes such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease. Thus, it remains unclear under what conditions NAMPT is beneficial or destructive. Recent work using in vitro and in vivo genetic/ pharmacologic manipulations, including our own studies, has greatly improved our understanding of NAMPT. This review focuses on the multifaceted and complex roles of NAMPT under both normal and ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Correlations between the expression of the insulin sensitizing hormones, adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin, and the appetite regulatory hormone, neuropeptide Y and its receptors in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 10:256-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang SN, Xu TY, Li WL, Miao CY. Targeting Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy to Restore Adult Neurogenesis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:431-9. [PMID: 27018006 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons throughout life in the olfactory bulb and hippocampus of most mammalian species, which is closely related to aging and disease. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), also an adipokine known as visfatin, is the rate-limiting enzyme for mammalian nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage synthesis by generating nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) from nicotinamide. Recent findings from our laboratory and other laboratories have provided much evidence that NAMPT might serve as a therapeutic target to restore adult neurogenesis. NAMPT-mediated NAD biosynthesis in neural stem/progenitor cells is important for their proliferation, self-renewal, and formation of oligodendrocytes in vivo and in vitro. Therapeutic interventions by the administration of NMN, NAD, or recombinant NAMPT are effective for restoring adult neurogenesis in several neurological diseases. We summarize adult neurogenesis in aging, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative disease and review the advances of targeting NAMPT in restoring neurogenesis. Specifically, we provide emphasis on the P7C3 family, a class of proneurogenic compounds that are potential NAMPT activators, which might shed light on future drug development in neurogenesis restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Na Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Lin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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Honda K, Hara N, Cheng M, Nakamura A, Mandai K, Okano K, Ohtake H. In vitro metabolic engineering for the salvage synthesis of NAD(.). Metab Eng 2016; 35:114-120. [PMID: 26912312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Excellent thermal and operational stabilities of thermophilic enzymes can greatly increase the applicability of biocatalysis in various industrial fields. However, thermophilic enzymes are generally incompatible with thermo-labile substrates, products, and cofactors, since they show the maximal activities at high temperatures. Despite their pivotal roles in a wide range of enzymatic redox reactions, NAD(P)(+) and NAD(P)H exhibit relatively low stabilities at high temperatures, tending to be a major obstacle in the long-term operation of biocatalytic chemical manufacturing with thermophilic enzymes. In this study, we constructed an in vitro artificial metabolic pathway for the salvage synthesis of NAD(+) from its degradation products by the combination of eight thermophilic enzymes. The enzymes were heterologously produced in recombinant Escherichia coli and the heat-treated crude extracts of the recombinant cells were directly used as enzyme solutions. When incubated with experimentally optimized concentrations of the enzymes at 60°C, the NAD(+) concentration could be kept almost constant for 15h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Honda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Naoya Hara
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Maria Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Anna Nakamura
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Komako Mandai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Okano
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisao Ohtake
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Tatsumi S, Miyagawa A, Kaneko I, Shiozaki Y, Segawa H, Miyamoto KI. Regulation of renal phosphate handling: inter-organ communication in health and disease. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:1-10. [PMID: 26296817 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the interconnection of inorganic phosphate (Pi) homeostasis in the network of the bone-kidney, parathyroid-kidney, intestine-kidney, and liver-kidney axes. Such a network of organ communication is important for body Pi homeostasis. Normalization of serum Pi levels is a clinical target in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Particularly, disorders of the fibroblast growth factor 23/klotho system are observed in early CKD. Identification of phosphaturic factors from the intestine and liver may enhance our understanding of body Pi homeostasis and Pi metabolism disturbances in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawako Tatsumi
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Atsumi Miyagawa
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiozaki
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroko Segawa
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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Wang P, Miao CY. NAMPT as a Therapeutic Target against Stroke. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:891-905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
Universal and ubiquitous redox cofactors, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphorylated analog (NADP), collectively contribute to approximately 12% of all biochemical reactions included in the metabolic model of Escherichia coli K-12. A homeostasis of the NAD pool faithfully maintained by the cells results from a dynamic balance in a network of NAD biosynthesis, utilization, decomposition, and recycling pathways that is subject to tight regulation at various levels. A brief overview of NAD utilization processes is provided in this review, including some examples of nonredox utilization. The review focuses mostly on those aspects of NAD biogenesis and utilization in E. coli and Salmonella that emerged within the past 12 years. The first pyridine nucleotide cycle (PNC) originally identified in mammalian systems and termed the Preiss-Handler pathway includes a single-step conversion of niacin (Na) to NaMN by nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (PncB). In E. coli and many other prokaryotes, this enzyme, together with nicotinamide deamidase (PncA), compose the major pathway for utilization of the pyridine ring in the form of amidated (Nm) or deamidated (Na) precursors. The existence of various regulatory mechanisms and checkpoints that control the NAD biosynthetic machinery reflects the importance of maintaining NAD homeostasis in a variety of growth conditions. Among the most important regulatory mechanisms at the level of individual enzymes are a classic feedback inhibition of NadB, the first enzyme of NAD de novo biosynthesis, by NAD and a metabolic regulation of NadK by reduced cofactors.
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Garten A, Schuster S, Penke M, Gorski T, de Giorgis T, Kiess W. Physiological and pathophysiological roles of NAMPT and NAD metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2015. [PMID: 26215259 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2015.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a regulator of the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pool. NAD is an essential coenzyme involved in cellular redox reactions and is a substrate for NAD-dependent enzymes. In various metabolic disorders and during ageing, levels of NAD are decreased. Through its NAD-biosynthetic activity, NAMPT influences the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes, thereby regulating cellular metabolism. In addition to its enzymatic function, extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT) has cytokine-like activity. Abnormal levels of eNAMPT are associated with various metabolic disorders. NAMPT is able to modulate processes involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and related disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by influencing the oxidative stress response, apoptosis, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation and insulin resistance. NAMPT also has a crucial role in cancer cell metabolism, is often overexpressed in tumour tissues and is an experimental target for antitumour therapies. In this Review, we discuss current understanding of the functions of NAMPT and highlight progress made in identifying the physiological role of NAMPT and its relevance in various human diseases and conditions, such as obesity, NAFLD, T2DM, cancer and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Garten
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Schuster
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Penke
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Theresa Gorski
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tommaso de Giorgis
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Pediatric Research Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Sampath D, Zabka TS, Misner DL, O’Brien T, Dragovich PS. Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) as a therapeutic strategy in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 151:16-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fang C, Guan L, Zhong Z, Gan X, He S. Analysis of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase family provides insight into vertebrate adaptation to different oxygen levels during the water-to-land transition. FEBS J 2015; 282:2858-78. [PMID: 26012732 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important events in vertebrate evolutionary history is the water-to-land transition, during which some morphological and physiological changes occurred in concert with the loss of specific genes in tetrapods. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition have not been well explored. To explore vertebrate adaptation to different oxygen levels during the water-to-land transition, we performed comprehensive bioinformatics and experimental analysis aiming to investigate the NAMPT family in vertebrates. NAMPT, a rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway of NAD+ biosynthesis, is critical for cell survival in a hypoxic environment, and a high level of NAMPT significantly augments oxidative stress in normoxic environments. Phylogenetic analysis showed that NAMPT duplicates arose from a second round whole-genome duplication event. NAMPTA existed in all classes of vertebrates, whereas NAMPTB was only found in fishes and not tetrapods. Asymmetric evolutionary rates and purifying selection were the main evolutionary forces involved. Although functional analysis identified several functionally divergent sites during NAMPT family evolution, in vitro experimental data demonstrated that NAMPTA and NAMPTB were functionally conserved for NAMPT enzymatic function in the NAD+ salvage pathway. In situ hybridization revealed broad NAMPTA and NAMPTB expression patterns, implying regulatory functions over a wide range of developmental processes. The morpholino-mediated knockdown data demonstrated that NAMPTA was more essential than NAMPTB for vertebrate embryo development. We propose that the retention of NAMPTB in water-breathing fishes and its loss in air-breathing tetrapods resulted from vertebrate adaptation to different oxygen levels during the water-to-land transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchi Fang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Guan
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zaixuan Zhong
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Gan
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunping He
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yoon MJ, Yoshida M, Johnson S, Takikawa A, Usui I, Tobe K, Nakagawa T, Yoshino J, Imai SI. SIRT1-Mediated eNAMPT Secretion from Adipose Tissue Regulates Hypothalamic NAD+ and Function in Mice. Cell Metab 2015; 21:706-17. [PMID: 25921090 PMCID: PMC4426056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the key NAD(+) biosynthetic enzyme, has two different forms, intra- and extracellular (iNAMPT and eNAMPT), in mammals. However, the significance of eNAMPT secretion remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that deacetylation of iNAMPT by the mammalian NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 predisposes the protein to secretion in adipocytes. NAMPT mutants reveal that SIRT1 deacetylates lysine 53 (K53) and enhances eNAMPT activity and secretion. Adipose tissue-specific Nampt knockout and knockin (ANKO and ANKI) mice show reciprocal changes in circulating eNAMPT, affecting hypothalamic NAD(+)/SIRT1 signaling and physical activity accordingly. The defect in physical activity observed in ANKO mice is ameliorated by nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Furthermore, administration of a NAMPT-neutralizing antibody decreases hypothalamic NAD(+) production, and treating ex vivo hypothalamic explants with purified eNAMPT enhances NAD(+), SIRT1 activity, and neural activation. Thus, our findings indicate a critical role of adipose tissue as a modulator for the regulation of NAD(+) biosynthesis at a systemic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Jin Yoon
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mitsukuni Yoshida
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sean Johnson
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Akiko Takikawa
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isao Usui
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Frontier Research Core for Life Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shin-ichiro Imai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Stehr M, Elamin AA, Singh M. Pyrazinamide: the importance of uncovering the mechanisms of action in mycobacteria. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2015; 13:593-603. [PMID: 25746054 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2015.1021784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is still one of the key drugs used in current therapeutic regimens for tuberculosis (TB). Despite its importance for TB therapy, the mode of action of PZA remains unknown. PZA has to be converted to its active form pyrazinoic acid (POA) by the nicotinamidase PncA and is then excreted by an unknown efflux pump. At acidic conditions, POA is protonated to HPOA and is reabsorbed into the cell where it causes cellular damage. For a long time, it has been thought that PZA/POA has no defined target of action, but recent studies have shown that both PZA and POA have several different targets interfering with diverse biochemical pathways, especially in the NAD(+) and energy metabolism. PZA resistance seems to depend not only on a defective pyrazinamidase but is also rather a result of the interplay of many different enzyme targets and transport mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Stehr
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Salzdahlumer Straße 196, D-38126, Braunschweig, Germany
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Dziewit L, Pyzik A, Szuplewska M, Matlakowska R, Mielnicki S, Wibberg D, Schlüter A, Pühler A, Bartosik D. Diversity and role of plasmids in adaptation of bacteria inhabiting the Lubin copper mine in Poland, an environment rich in heavy metals. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:152. [PMID: 26074880 PMCID: PMC4447125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lubin underground mine, is one of three mining divisions in the Lubin-Glogow Copper District in Lower Silesia province (Poland). It is the source of polymetallic ore that is rich in copper, silver and several heavy metals. Black shale is also significantly enriched in fossil organic matter in the form of long-chain hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organic acids, esters, thiophenes and metalloporphyrins. Biological analyses have revealed that this environment is inhabited by extremophilic bacteria and fungi. Kupfershiefer black shale and samples of water, bottom and mineral sediments from the underground (below 600 m) Lubin mine were taken and 20 bacterial strains were isolated and characterized. All exhibited multi-resistant and hypertolerant phenotypes to heavy metals. We analyzed the plasmidome of these strains in order to evaluate the diversity and role of mobile DNA in adaptation to the harsh conditions of the mine environment. Experimental and bioinformatic analyses of 11 extrachromosomal replicons were performed. Three plasmids, including a broad-host-range replicon containing a Tn3 family transposon, carried genes conferring resistance to arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, mercury and zinc. Functional analysis revealed that the resistance modules exhibit host specificity, i.e., they may increase or decrease tolerance to toxic ions depending on the host strain. The other identified replicons showed diverse features. Among them we identified a catabolic plasmid encoding enzymes involved in the utilization of histidine and vanillate, a putative plasmid-like prophage carrying genes responsible for NAD biosynthesis, and two repABC-type plasmids containing virulence-associated genes. These findings provide an unique molecular insight into the pool of extrachromosomal replicons and highlight their role in the biology and adaptation of extremophilic bacteria inhabiting terrestrial deep subsurface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Dziewit
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Pyzik
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szuplewska
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Matlakowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mielnicki
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Wibberg
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlüter
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alfred Pühler
- Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dariusz Bartosik
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
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Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) promotes M2 macrophage polarization in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2015; 125:111-23. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-07-589069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
CLL lymphocytes show high intracellular and extracellular NAMPT levels, further increased upon activation. eNAMPT prompts differentiation of CLL monocytes into M2 macrophages that sustain CLL survival and reduce T-cell proliferation.
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Sitticharoon C, Nway NC, Chatree S, Churintaraphan M, Boonpuan P, Maikaew P. Interactions between adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues and serum, and correlations with clinical and peripheral metabolic factors. Peptides 2014; 62:164-75. [PMID: 25453978 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin are adipokines involved in insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to determine interactions between these adipokines in subcutaneous and visceral fat and in serum, and their associations with clinical factors. Adiponectin was present at the highest levels in subcutaneous and visceral fat and serum. Subcutaneous adiponectin showed positive correlations with serum adiponectin and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Serum adiponectin correlated positively with QUICKI and serum omentin-1 but negatively with body weight, BMI, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Subcutaneous omentin correlated positively with QUICKI but negatively with waist and hip circumferences. Serum omentin-1 correlated positively with QUICKI but negatively with body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, weight gain, and HOMA-IR. Serum visfatin correlated positively with serum omentin-1 and negatively with weight gain. Serum peptide YY (PYY) levels were correlated positively with subcutaneous visfatin but negatively with visceral visfatin. Positive correlations were observed between subcutaneous expression of adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin and visceral expression of these genes. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum adiponectin was associated with BMI and QUICKI. Serum omentin-1 could be predicted from BMI, QUICKI, and weight gain. Weight gain, serum adiponectin, omentin-1, and DBP could be used to predict serum visfatin. In conclusion, adiponectin and omentin from subcutaneous fat displayed correlations with decreased obesity and increased insulin sensitivity while visfatin showed an association with serum PYY and weight gain. The expressions of these adipokines were correlated within each type of fat but not between different fat depots.
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The function of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in the heart. DNA Repair (Amst) 2014; 23:64-8. [PMID: 25277684 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its roles as a coenzyme and an electron transfer molecule, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a substrate of sirtuins, a family of enzymes that control aging and metabolism. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), a rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway, plays an important role in controlling the level of NAD+ and the activity of Sirt1 in the heart and the cardiomyocytes therein. Nampt protects the heart from ischemia and reperfusion injury by stimulating Sirt1. In this review, we summarize what is currently known regarding the function of Nampt in the heart.
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Supplementation of nicotinic acid with NAMPT inhibitors results in loss of in vivo efficacy in NAPRT1-deficient tumor models. Neoplasia 2014; 15:1314-29. [PMID: 24403854 DOI: 10.1593/neo.131718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a metabolite essential for cell survival and generated de novo from tryptophan or recycled from nicotinamide (NAM) through the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-dependent salvage pathway. Alternatively, nicotinic acid (NA) is metabolized to NAD through the nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase domain containing 1 (NAPRT1)-dependent salvage pathway. Tumor cells are more reliant on the NAMPT salvage pathway making this enzyme an attractive therapeutic target. Moreover, the therapeutic index of NAMPT inhibitors may be increased by in NAPRT-deficient tumors by NA supplementation as normal tissues may regenerate NAD through NAPRT1. To confirm the latter, we tested novel NAMPT inhibitors, GNE-617 and GNE-618, in cell culture- and patient-derived tumor models. While NA did not protect NAPRT1-deficient tumor cell lines from NAMPT inhibition in vitro, it rescued efficacy of GNE-617 and GNE-618 in cell culture- and patient-derived tumor xenografts in vivo. NA co-treatment increased NAD and NAM levels in NAPRT1-deficient tumors to levels that sustained growth in vivo. Furthermore, NAM co-administration with GNE-617 led to increased tumor NAD levels and rescued in vivo efficacy as well. Importantly, tumor xenografts remained NAPRT1-deficient in the presence of NA, indicating that the NAPRT1-dependent pathway is not reactivated. Protection of NAPRT1-deficient tumors in vivo may be due to increased circulating levels of metabolites generated by mouse liver, in response to NA or through competitive reactivation of NAMPT by NAM. Our results have important implications for the development of NAMPT inhibitors when considering NA co-treatment as a rescue strategy.
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Shackelford RE, Mayhall K, Maxwell NM, Kandil E, Coppola D. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in malignancy: a review. Genes Cancer 2014; 4:447-56. [PMID: 24386506 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913507576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis. Both intracellular and extracellular Nampt (iNampt and eNampt) levels are increased in several human malignancies and some studies demonstrate increased iNampt in more aggressive/invasive tumors and in tumor metastases. Several different molecular targets have been identified that promote carcinogenesis following iNampt overexpression, including SirT1, CtBP, and PARP-1. Additionally, eNampt is elevated in several human cancers and is often associated with a higher tumor stage and worse prognoses. Here we review the roles of Nampt in malignancy, some of the known mechanisms by which it promotes carcinogenesis, and discuss the possibility of employing Nampt inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Mayhall
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Emad Kandil
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Anatomic Pathology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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Janowicz DM, Zwickl BW, Fortney KR, Katz BP, Bauer ME. Outer membrane protein P4 is not required for virulence in the human challenge model of Haemophilus ducreyi infection. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:166. [PMID: 24961160 PMCID: PMC4081464 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial lipoproteins often play important roles in pathogenesis and can stimulate protective immune responses. Such lipoproteins are viable vaccine candidates. Haemophilus ducreyi, which causes the sexually transmitted disease chancroid, expresses a number of lipoproteins during human infection. One such lipoprotein, OmpP4, is homologous to the outer membrane lipoprotein e (P4) of H. influenzae. In H. influenzae, e (P4) stimulates production of bactericidal and protective antibodies and contributes to pathogenesis by facilitating acquisition of the essential nutrients heme and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Here, we tested the hypothesis that, like its homolog, H. ducreyi OmpP4 contributes to virulence and stimulates production of bactericidal antibodies. Results We determined that OmpP4 is broadly conserved among clinical isolates of H. ducreyi. We next constructed and characterized an isogenic ompP4 mutant, designated 35000HPompP4, in H. ducreyi strain 35000HP. To test whether OmpP4 was necessary for virulence in humans, eight healthy adults were experimentally infected. Each subject was inoculated with a fixed dose of 35000HP on one arm and three doses of 35000HPompP4 on the other arm. The overall parent and mutant pustule formation rates were 52.4% and 47.6%, respectively (P = 0.74). These results indicate that expression of OmpP4 in not necessary for H. ducreyi to initiate disease or progress to pustule formation in humans. Hyperimmune mouse serum raised against purified, recombinant OmpP4 did not promote bactericidal killing of 35000HP or phagocytosis by J774A.1 mouse macrophages in serum bactericidal and phagocytosis assays, respectively. Conclusions Our data suggest that, unlike e (P4), H. ducreyi OmpP4 is not a suitable vaccine candidate. OmpP4 may be dispensable for virulence because of redundant mechanisms in H. ducreyi for heme acquisition and NAD utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Janowicz
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive Room EH-435, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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