1
|
Garbuglia AR, Lapa D, Pauciullo S, Raoul H, Pannetier D. Nipah Virus: An Overview of the Current Status of Diagnostics and Their Role in Preparedness in Endemic Countries. Viruses 2023; 15:2062. [PMID: 37896839 PMCID: PMC10612039 DOI: 10.3390/v15102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus responsible for a high mortality rate zoonosis. As a result, it has been included in the list of Blueprint priority pathogens. Bats are the main reservoirs of the virus, and different clinical courses have been described in humans. The Bangladesh strain (NiV-B) is often associated with severe respiratory disease, whereas the Malaysian strain (NiV-M) is often associated with severe encephalitis. An early diagnosis of NiV infection is crucial to limit the outbreak and to provide appropriate care to the patient. Due to high specificity and sensitivity, qRT-PCR is currently considered to be the optimum method in acute NiV infection assessment. Nasal swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and blood are used for RT-PCR testing. N gene represents the main target used in molecular assays. Different sensitivities have been observed depending on the platform used: real-time PCR showed a sensitivity of about 103 equivalent copies/reaction, SYBRGREEN technology's sensitivity was about 20 equivalent copies/reaction, and in multiple pathogen card arrays, the lowest limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 54 equivalent copies/reaction. An international standard for NiV is yet to be established, making it difficult to compare the sensitivity of the different methods. Serological assays are for the most part used in seroprevalence studies owing to their lower sensitivity in acute infection. Due to the high epidemic and pandemic potential of this virus, the diagnosis of NiV should be included in a more global One Health approach to improve surveillance and preparedness for the benefit of public health. Some steps need to be conducted in the diagnostic field in order to become more efficient in epidemic management, such as development of point-of-care (PoC) assays for the rapid diagnosis of NiV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rosa Garbuglia
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (IRCCS), 00149 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (IRCCS), 00149 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Pauciullo
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” (IRCCS), 00149 Rome, Italy; (D.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Hervé Raoul
- French National Agency for Research on AIDS—Emerging Infectious Diseases (ANRS MIE), Maladies Infectieuses Émergentes, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Delphine Pannetier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Jean Mérieux BSL4 Laboratory, 69002 Lyon, France;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
SowjanyaKumari S, Bokade PP, Kumar KV, Bharath V, Shome B, Balamurugan V. Potential diagnostic application of the baculovirus-expressed recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein of peste des petits ruminants in ELISA. J Immunol Methods 2023; 516:113469. [PMID: 37004876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The study describes the expression of recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein (NP) of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in the baculovirus system (PPRV-rBNP) and its potential application as a diagnostic antigen in ELISA for diagnosis of PPR in sheep and goats. The PPRV N-terminal immunogenic region (1-266 aa) of the NP coding sequence was amplified and cloned into the pFastBac HT A vector. The PPRV-rBNP with a molecular weight of ~30 kDa was expressed in an insect cell system using generated recombinant baculovirus through Bac-to-Bac® Baculovirus Expression System. The crude PPRV-rBNP or Ni-NTA affinity-purified NP was characterized by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot using standard PPRV-specific sera. The PPRV-rBNP reacted well with PPRV anti-N specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies and PPRV-specific antiserum, suggesting that the expressed PPRV-rBNP is in its native form. The crude PPRV-rBNP as a diagnostic antigen was evaluated either as a coating antigen or standard positive control antigen in the Avidin-Biotin ELISA using the known standard panel reagents. The results showed that the expressed PPRV-rBNP can be an alternative diagnostic antigen to E. coli expressed recombinant PPRV-NPN and the utility of PPRV-rBNP avoids the need to use live PPRV antigen in the diagnostic ELISA. Hence, this allows scope in the future for large-scale field application of the recombinant antigen-based assays for diagnosis/surveillance and monitoring of PPR at the eradication as well as post-eradication phases in endemic or non-endemic countries.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu W, Pickering B, Smith G, Pinette M, Truong T, Babiuk S, Kobasa D, Banadyga L, Yang M. Development and laboratory evaluation of a competitive ELISA for serodiagnosis of Nipah and Hendra virus infection using recombinant Nipah glycoproteins and a monoclonal antibody. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1120367. [PMID: 36816187 PMCID: PMC9929177 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), of the genus Henipavirus, family Paramyxoviridae, are classified as Risk Group 4 (RG4) pathogens that cause respiratory disease in pigs and acute/febrile encephalitis in humans with high mortality. Methods A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant NiV glycoprotein (G) was developed and laboratory evaluated using sera from experimental pigs, mini pigs and nonhuman primates. The test depends on competition between specific antibodies in positive sera and a virus-specific mAb for binding to NiV-G. Results Based on 1,199 negative and 71 NiV positive serum test results, the cutoff value was determined as 35% inhibition. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the NiV cELISA was 98.58 and 99.92%, respectively. When testing sera from animals experimentally infected with NiV Malaysia, the cELISA detected antibodies from 14 days post-infection (dpi) and remained positive until the end of the experiment (28 dpi). Comparisons using the Kappa coefficient showed strong agreement (100%) between the cELISA and a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Discussion Because our cELISA is simpler, faster, and gives comparable or better results than PRNT, it would be an adequate screening test for suspect NiV and HeV cases, and it would also be useful for epidemiological surveillance of Henipavirus infections in different animal species without changing reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhu
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Bradley Pickering
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Greg Smith
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Mathieu Pinette
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Thang Truong
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shawn Babiuk
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Darwyn Kobasa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Logan Banadyga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ming Yang
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,*Correspondence: Ming Yang ✉
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Postnikova E, Liang J, Yu S, Cai Y, Cong Y, Holbrook MR. Anti-Nipah Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays with Non-human Primate and Hamster Serum. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2682:233-244. [PMID: 37610586 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3283-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assays or ELISAs are a versatile method for detecting various immunological ligands of interest. As the name suggests, ELISAs rely on the interaction between a ligand and an antibody to produce results. In the study of infectious disease, ELISAs are commonly used to determine if a pathogen-specific immune response has occurred in a host organism. These assays can be performed in serosurveys as part of epidemiological investigations during, or following, an infectious disease outbreak. In the research environment, ELISAs are used to quantify the humoral immune response following infection or vaccination of a host organism. Data from these assays can be used to determine the type of immune response elicited (e.g. IgG1 vs IgG2) and the robustness of the response. Here, we describe ELISAs that were developed for the study of either hamsters or non-human primates vaccinated against Nipah virus infection, or infected with Nipah virus. The ELISAs described include assays for both IgG and IgM in the hamster and non-human primate models for Nipah virus-induced disease. An assay was also developed for the detection of IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage from non-human primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Postnikova
- NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Janie Liang
- NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Shuiqing Yu
- NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Yingyun Cai
- NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Yu Cong
- NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bruno L, Nappo MA, Ferrari L, Di Lecce R, Guarnieri C, Cantoni AM, Corradi A. Nipah Virus Disease: Epidemiological, Clinical, Diagnostic and Legislative Aspects of This Unpredictable Emerging Zoonosis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010159. [PMID: 36611767 PMCID: PMC9817766 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) infection is a viral disease caused by a Henipavirus, belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, responsible for a zoonosis. The course of the disease can be very serious and lead to death. NiV natural hosts are fruit bats (also known as megabats) belonging to the Pteropodidae family, especially those of the Pteropus genus. Natural infection in domestic animals has been described in farming pigs, horses, domestic and feral dogs and cats. Natural NiV transmission is possible intra-species (pig-to-pig, human-to-human) and inter-species (flying bat-to-human, pig-to-human, horse-to-human). The infection can be spread by humans or animals in different ways. It is peculiar how the viral transmission modes among different hosts also change depending on the geographical area for different reasons, including different breeding methods, eating habits and the recently identified genetic traits/molecular features of main virus proteins related to virulence. Outbreaks have been described in Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines with, in some cases, severe respiratory and neurological disease and high mortality in both humans and pigs. Diagnosis can be made using different methods including serological, molecular, virological and immunohistochemical methods. The cornerstones for control of the disease are biosecurity (via the correct management of reservoir and intermediate/amplifying hosts) and potential vaccines which are still under development. However, the evaluation of the potential influence of climate and anthropogenic changes on the NiV reservoir bats and their habitat as well as on disease spread and inter-specific infections is of great importance. Bats, as natural reservoirs of the virus, are responsible for the viral spread and, therefore, for the outbreaks of the disease in humans and animals. Due to the worldwide distribution of bats, potential new reports and spillovers are not to be dismissed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Bruno
- Department of Prevention, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (A.S.L.) Napoli 3 Sud, 80053 Castellammare di Stabia, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Maria Anna Nappo
- Department of Prevention, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (A.S.L.) Napoli 3 Sud, 80053 Castellammare di Stabia, Italy
| | - Luca Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Rosanna Di Lecce
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Guarnieri
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cantoni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Attilio Corradi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mutantu PN, Ngwe Tun MM, Nabeshima T, Yu F, Mukadi PK, Tanaka T, Tashiro M, Fujita A, Kanie N, Oshiro R, Takazono T, Imamura Y, Hirayama T, Moi ML, Inoue S, Izumikawa K, Yasuda J, Morita K. Development and Evaluation of Quantitative Immunoglobulin G Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Using Truncated Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein as Assay Antigen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9630. [PMID: 34574555 PMCID: PMC8469721 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Real-time RT-PCR is the most commonly used method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, serological assays are urgently needed as complementary tools to RT-PCR. Hachim et al. 2020 and Burbelo et al. 2020 demonstrated that anti-nucleocapsid(N) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are higher and appear earlier than the spike antibodies. Additionally, cross-reactive antibodies against N protein are more prevalent than those against spike protein. We developed a less cross-reactive immunoglobulin G (IgG) indirect ELISA by using a truncated recombinant SARS-CoV-2 N protein as assay antigen. A highly conserved region of coronaviruses N protein was deleted and the protein was prepared using an E. coli protein expression system. A total of 177 samples collected from COVID-19 suspected cases and 155 negative control sera collected during the pre-COVID-19 period were applied to evaluate the assay's performance, with the plaque reduction neutralization test and the commercial SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG ELISA as gold standards. The SARS-CoV-2 N truncated protein-based ELISA showed similar sensitivity (91.1% vs. 91.9%) and specificity (93.8% vs. 93.8%) between the PRNT and spike IgG ELISA, as well as also higher specificity compared to the full-length N protein (93.8% vs. 89.9%). Our ELISA can be used for the diagnosis and surveillance of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Nsele Mutantu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (P.N.M.); (P.K.M.)
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Mya Myat Ngwe Tun
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Takeshi Nabeshima
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Fuxun Yu
- Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China;
| | - Patrick Kakoni Mukadi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (P.N.M.); (P.K.M.)
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.); (A.F.); (K.I.)
| | - Masato Tashiro
- Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.); (A.F.); (K.I.)
| | - Ayumi Fujita
- Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.); (A.F.); (K.I.)
| | - Nobuhiro Kanie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (N.K.); (R.O.)
| | - Ryosaku Oshiro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (N.K.); (R.O.)
| | - Takahiro Takazono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.I.); (T.H.)
| | - Yoshifumi Imamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.I.); (T.H.)
- Medical Education Development Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hirayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.I.); (T.H.)
| | - Meng Ling Moi
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Shingo Inoue
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Koichi Izumikawa
- Infection Control and Education Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (T.T.); (M.T.); (A.F.); (K.I.)
| | - Jiro Yasuda
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan;
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (M.M.N.T.); (T.N.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ker DS, Jenkins HT, Greive SJ, Antson AA. CryoEM structure of the Nipah virus nucleocapsid assembly. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009740. [PMID: 34270629 PMCID: PMC8318291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nipah and its close relative Hendra are highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses, storing their ssRNA genome in a helical nucleocapsid assembly formed by the N protein, a major viral immunogen. Here, we report the first cryoEM structure for a Henipavirus RNA-bound nucleocapsid assembly, at 3.5 Å resolution. The helical assembly is stabilised by previously undefined N- and C-terminal segments, contributing to subunit-subunit interactions. RNA is wrapped around the nucleocapsid protein assembly with a periodicity of six nucleotides per protomer, in the “3-bases-in, 3-bases-out” conformation, with protein plasticity enabling non-sequence specific interactions. The structure reveals commonalities in RNA binding pockets and in the conformation of bound RNA, not only with members of the Paramyxoviridae family, but also with the evolutionarily distant Filoviridae Ebola virus. Significant structural differences with other Paramyxoviridae members are also observed, particularly in the position and length of the exposed α-helix, residues 123–139, which may serve as a valuable epitope for surveillance and diagnostics. Nipah virus is a highly pathogenic RNA virus which, along with the closely related Hendra virus, emerged relatively recently. Due to ~40% mortality rate and evidence of animal-to-human as well as human-to-human transmission, development of antivirals against the Nipah and henipaviral disease is particularly urgent. In common with other single-stranded RNA viruses, including Ebola and coronaviruses, the nucleocapsid assembly of the Nipah virus safeguards the viral genome, protecting it from degradation and facilitating its encapsidation and storage inside the virion. Here, we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine accurate three-dimensional structure for several different assemblies of the Nipah virus nucleocapsid protein, in particular a detailed structure for the complex of this protein with RNA. This structural information is important for understanding detailed molecular interactions driving and stabilizing the nucleocapsid assembly formation that are of fundamental importance for understanding similar processes in a large group of ssRNA viruses. Apart from highlighting structural similarities and differences with nucleocapsid proteins of other viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family, these data will inform the development of new antiviral approaches for the henipaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Sheng Ker
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Huw T. Jenkins
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra J. Greive
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Alfred A. Antson
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yong MY, Lee SC, Ngui R, Lim YAL, Phipps ME, Chang LY. Seroprevalence of Nipah Virus Infection in Peninsular Malaysia. J Infect Dis 2021; 221:S370-S374. [PMID: 32392323 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) outbreak occurred in Malaysia in 1998. The natural host reservoir for NiV is Pteropus bats, which are commonly found throughout Malaysia. Humans become infected when NiV spills over from the reservoir species. In this study, NiV serosurveillance in Peninsular Malaysia, particularly among the indigenous population, was performed. The collected samples were tested for presence of NiV antibodies using a comparative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant NiV nucleocapsid (rNiV-N) protein. We found that 10.73% of the participants recruited in this study had antibodies against rNiV-N, suggesting possible exposure to NiV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Yong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Ching Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Romano Ngui
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yvonne Ai-Lian Lim
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Malaysian Indigenous Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Maude E Phipps
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Li-Yen Chang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Singh RK, Dhama K, Chakraborty S, Tiwari R, Natesan S, Khandia R, Munjal A, Vora KS, Latheef SK, Karthik K, Singh Malik Y, Singh R, Chaicumpa W, Mourya DT. Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis, vaccine designing and control strategies - a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2019; 39:26-55. [PMID: 31006350 PMCID: PMC6830995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nipah (Nee-pa) viral disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. It is a biosafety level-4 pathogen, which is transmitted by specific types of fruit bats, mainly Pteropus spp. which are natural reservoir host. The disease was reported for the first time from the Kampung Sungai Nipah village of Malaysia in 1998. Human-to-human transmission also occurs. Outbreaks have been reported also from other countries in South and Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic analysis affirmed the circulation of two major clades of NiV as based on currently available complete N and G gene sequences. NiV isolates from Malaysia and Cambodia clustered together in NiV-MY clade, whereas isolates from Bangladesh and India clusterered within NiV-BD clade. NiV isolates from Thailand harboured mixed population of sequences. In humans, the virus is responsible for causing rapidly progressing severe illness which might be characterized by severe respiratory illness and/or deadly encephalitis. In pigs below six months of age, respiratory illness along with nervous symptoms may develop. Different types of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays along with molecular methods based on polymerase chain reaction have been developed for diagnostic purposes. Due to the expensive nature of the antibody drugs, identification of broad-spectrum antivirals is essential along with focusing on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). High pathogenicity of NiV in humans, and lack of vaccines or therapeutics to counter this disease have attracted attention of researchers worldwide for developing effective NiV vaccine and treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, West Tripura, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Senthilkumar Natesan
- Biomac Life Sciences Pvt Ltd., Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Kranti Suresh Vora
- Wheels India Niswarth (WIN) Foundation, Maternal and Child Health (MCH), University of Canberra, Gujarat, India
| | - Shyma K. Latheef
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Devendra T. Mourya
- National Institute of Virology, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt of India, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mourya D, Yadav P, Rout M, Pattnaik B, Shete A, Patil D. Absence of Nipah virus antibodies in pigs in Mizoram State, North East India. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:677-679. [PMID: 31417037 PMCID: PMC6702692 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1086_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Mourya
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manoranjan Rout
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot & Mouth Disease, IVRI Campus, Mukteswar 263 138, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Brahmdev Pattnaik
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot & Mouth Disease, IVRI Campus, Mukteswar 263 138, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Anita Shete
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Patil
- Maximum Containment Laboratory, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh RK, Dhama K, Chakraborty S, Tiwari R, Natesan S, Khandia R, Munjal A, Vora KS, Latheef SK, Karthik K, Singh Malik Y, Singh R, Chaicumpa W, Mourya DT. Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis, vaccine designing and control strategies - a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2019. [PMID: 31006350 PMCID: PMC6830995 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1580827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nipah (Nee-pa) viral disease is a zoonotic infection caused by Nipah virus (NiV), a paramyxovirus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae. It is a biosafety level-4 pathogen, which is transmitted by specific types of fruit bats, mainly Pteropus spp. which are natural reservoir host. The disease was reported for the first time from the Kampung Sungai Nipah village of Malaysia in 1998. Human-to-human transmission also occurs. Outbreaks have been reported also from other countries in South and Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic analysis affirmed the circulation of two major clades of NiV as based on currently available complete N and G gene sequences. NiV isolates from Malaysia and Cambodia clustered together in NiV-MY clade, whereas isolates from Bangladesh and India clusterered within NiV-BD clade. NiV isolates from Thailand harboured mixed population of sequences. In humans, the virus is responsible for causing rapidly progressing severe illness which might be characterized by severe respiratory illness and/or deadly encephalitis. In pigs below six months of age, respiratory illness along with nervous symptoms may develop. Different types of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays along with molecular methods based on polymerase chain reaction have been developed for diagnostic purposes. Due to the expensive nature of the antibody drugs, identification of broad-spectrum antivirals is essential along with focusing on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). High pathogenicity of NiV in humans, and lack of vaccines or therapeutics to counter this disease have attracted attention of researchers worldwide for developing effective NiV vaccine and treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Singh
- a ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- b Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- c Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry , West Tripura , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- d Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences , Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - Senthilkumar Natesan
- e Biomac Life Sciences Pvt Ltd. , Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar , Gujarat , India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- f Department of Biochemistry and Genetics , Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- f Department of Biochemistry and Genetics , Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Kranti Suresh Vora
- g Wheels India Niswarth (WIN) Foundation, Maternal and Child Health (MCH) , University of Canberra , Gujarat , India
| | - Shyma K Latheef
- b Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- h Central University Laboratory , Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Chennai , India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- i Division of Biological Standardization , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- b Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- j Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital , Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Devendra T Mourya
- k National Institute of Virology , Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt of India , Pune , India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bae SE, Kim SS, Moon ST, Cho YD, Lee H, Lee JY, Shin HY, Lee HJ, Kim YB. Construction of the safe neutralizing assay system using pseudotyped Nipah virus and G protein-specific monoclonal antibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:781-786. [PMID: 30995971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is a recently emerged paramyxovirus that causes acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis in a broad spectrum of vertebrates, including humans. Due to its high pathogenicity and mortality rates, NiV requires handling in biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) containment facilities and no effective vaccines or therapeutic agents are currently available. Since current diagnostic tests for detecting serum neutralizing antibodies against NiV mainly employ live viruses, establishment of more safe and robust alternative diagnostic methods is an essential medical requirement. Here, we have developed a pseudotyped NiV and closely related Hendra virus (HeV) expressing envelope attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins using the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) packaging system. We additionally generated polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) against NiV-G and HeV-G and assessed their neutralizing activities for potential utilization in the pseudovirus-based neutralization assay and further application in the serum diagnostic test. To enhance the specificity of neutralizing antibody and sensitivity of the serological diagnostic test, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against NiV-G were generated, and among which four out of six mAb clones showed significant reactivity. Specifically, the 7G9 clone displayed the highest sensitivity. The selected mAb clones showed no cross-reactivity with HeV-G and efficient neutralizing activities against pseudotyped NiV. These results validate the safety and specificity of neutralization assays against NiV and HeV and present a useful tool to design effective vaccines and serological diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Bae
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Tae Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Dong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hansaem Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease & Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease & Vector Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Chungbuk, 28159, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ha Youn Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaku Y, Park ES, Noguchi A, Inoue S, Lunt R, Malbas FF, Demetria C, Neoh HM, Jamal R, Morikawa S. Establishment of an immunofluorescence assay to detect IgM antibodies to Nipah virus using HeLa cells expressing recombinant nucleoprotein. J Virol Methods 2019; 269:83-87. [PMID: 30954461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for detection of IgM against Nipah virus (NiV) was developed using HeLa 229 cells expressing recombinant NiV nucleocapsid protein (NiV-N). The NiV IFAT was evaluated using three panels of sera: a) experimentally produced sera from NiV-N-immunized/pre-immunized macaques, b) post-infection human sera associated with a Nipah disease outbreak in the Philippines in 2014, and c) human sera from a non-exposed Malaysian population. Immunized macaque sera showed a characteristic granular staining pattern of the NiV-N expressed antigen in HeLa 229 cells, which was readily distinguished from negative-binding results of the pre-immunized macaque sera. The IgM antibody titers in sequential serum samples (n = 7) obtained from three Nipah patients correlated well with previously published results using conventional IgM capture ELISA and SNT serology. The 90 human serum samples from unexposed persons were unreactive by IFAT. The IFAT utilizing NiV-N-expressing HeLa 229 cells to detect IgM antibody in an early stage of NiV infection is an effective approach, which could be utilized readily in local laboratories to complement other capabilities in NiV-affected countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kaku
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Eun-Sil Park
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Noguchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Ross Lunt
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong, Vic, 3220, Australia
| | - Fedelino F Malbas
- Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, 9002 Research Dr, Alabang, Muntinlupa, 1781, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Catalino Demetria
- Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, 9002 Research Dr, Alabang, Muntinlupa, 1781, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Hui-Min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Pusat Perubatan UKM, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Pusat Perubatan UKM, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mazzola LT, Kelly-Cirino C. Diagnostics for Nipah virus: a zoonotic pathogen endemic to Southeast Asia. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4:e001118. [PMID: 30815286 PMCID: PMC6361328 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging pathogen that, unlike other priority pathogens identified by WHO, is endemic to Southeast Asia. It is most commonly transmitted through exposure to saliva or excrement from the Pteropus fruit bat, or direct contact with intermediate animal hosts, such as pigs. NiV infection causes severe febrile encephalitic disease and/or respiratory disease; treatment options are limited to supportive care. A number of in-house diagnostic assays for NiV using serological and nucleic acid amplification techniques have been developed for NiV and are used in laboratory settings, including some early multiplex panels for differentiation of NiV infection from other febrile diseases. However, given the often rural and remote nature of NiV outbreak settings, there remains a need for rapid diagnostic tests that can be implemented at the point of care. Additionally, more reliable assays for surveillance of communities and livestock will be vital to achieving a better understanding of the ecology of the fruit bat host and transmission risk to other intermediate hosts, enabling implementation of a ‘One Health’ approach to outbreak prevention and the management of this zoonotic disease. An improved understanding of NiV viral diversity and infection kinetics or dynamics will be central to the development of new diagnostics, and access to clinical specimens must be improved to enable effective validation and external quality assessments. Target product profiles for NiV diagnostics should be refined to take into account these outstanding needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura T Mazzola
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Emerging Threats Programme, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cassandra Kelly-Cirino
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Emerging Threats Programme, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fischer K, Diederich S, Smith G, Reiche S, Pinho dos Reis V, Stroh E, Groschup MH, Weingartl HM, Balkema-Buschmann A. Indirect ELISA based on Hendra and Nipah virus proteins for the detection of henipavirus specific antibodies in pigs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194385. [PMID: 29708971 PMCID: PMC5927399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) belong to the genus Henipavirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. Henipavirus infections were first reported in the 1990’s causing severe and often fatal outbreaks in domestic animals and humans in Southeast Asia and Australia. NiV infections were observed in humans in Bangladesh, India and in the first outbreak in Malaysia, where pigs were also infected. HeV infections occurred in horses in the North-Eastern regions of Australia, with singular transmission events to humans. Bats of the genus Pteropus have been identified as the reservoir hosts for henipaviruses. Molecular and serological indications for the presence of henipa-like viruses in African fruit bats, pigs and humans have been published recently. In our study, truncated forms of HeV and NiV attachment (G) proteins as well as the full-length NiV nucleocapsid (N) protein were expressed using different expression systems. Based on these recombinant proteins, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) were developed for the detection of HeV or NiV specific antibodies in porcine serum samples. We used the NiV N ELISA for initial serum screening considering the general reactivity against henipaviruses. The G protein based ELISAs enabled the differentiation between HeV and NiV infections, since as expected, the sera displayed higher reactivity with the respective homologous antigens. In the future, these assays will present valuable tools for serosurveillance of swine and possibly other livestock or wildlife species in affected areas. Such studies will help assessing the potential risk for human and animal health worldwide by elucidating the distribution of henipaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Fischer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Sandra Diederich
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Greg Smith
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sven Reiche
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Vinicius Pinho dos Reis
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Eileen Stroh
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Martin H. Groschup
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Hana M. Weingartl
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Anne Balkema-Buschmann
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kulkarni DD, Venkatesh G, Tosh C, Patel P, Mashoria A, Gupta V, Gupta S, D S. Development and Evaluation of Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein Based Diagnostic ELISA for Detection of Nipah Virus Infection in Pigs. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2016; 37:154-66. [PMID: 26327601 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2015.1074922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The recombinant viral protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a cost-effective, safe, specific, and rapid tool to diagnose the viral infection. Nipah virus nucleocapsid (NiV-N) protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by histidine tag-based affinity chromatography. The N protein was selected based on its immuno dominance and conservation among different NiV strains. An indirect immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for swine sera was optimized using the recombinant NiV-N protein as an antigen along with negative and positive controls. The background reading was blocked using skim milk powder and chicken serum. A total number of 1709 swine serum samples from various states of India were tested with indirect ELISA and Western blot. The test was considered positive only when its total reactivity reading was higher than 0.2 cut-off value and the ratio of the total reactivity to the background reading was more than 2.0. Since specificity is high for Western blotting it was used as standard test for comparison of results of indirect ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity of indirect ELISA was 100% and 98.7%, respectively, in comparison with Western blotting. Recombinant N protein-based ELISA can be used in screening large number of serum samples for epidemiological investigations in developing countries where high containment laboratories are not available to handle this zoonotic virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diwakar D Kulkarni
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| | | | - Chakradhar Tosh
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| | - Priyanka Patel
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| | - Anita Mashoria
- b Pinnacle Biomedical Research Institute , Bhopal , India
| | - Vandana Gupta
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| | - Sourabh Gupta
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| | - Senthilkumar D
- a ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Anand Nagar , Bhopal , India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Development and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Yellow Fever Virus and Application in Antigen Detection and IgM Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2016; 23:689-97. [PMID: 27307452 PMCID: PMC4979174 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00209-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Yellow fever (YF) is an acute hemorrhagic viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes in Africa and South America. The major challenge in YF disease detection and confirmation of outbreaks in Africa is the limited availability of reference laboratories and the persistent lack of access to diagnostic tests. We used wild-type YF virus sequences to generate recombinant envelope protein in an Escherichia coli expression system. Both the recombinant protein and sucrose gradient-purified YF vaccine virus 17D (YF-17D) were used to immunize BALB/c mice to generate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Eight MAbs were established and systematically characterized by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The established MAbs showed strong reactivity with wild-type YF virus and recombinant protein with no detectable cross-reactivity to dengue virus or Japanese encephalitis virus. Epitope mapping showed strong binding of three MAbs to amino acid positions 1 to 51, while two MAbs mapped to amino acid positions 52 to 135 of the envelope protein. The remaining three MAbs did not show reactivity to envelope fragments. The established MAbs exert no neutralization against wild-type YF and 17D viruses (titer of <10 for both strains). The applicability of MAbs 8H3 and 3F4 was further evaluated using IgM capture ELISA. A total of 49 serum samples were analyzed, among which 12 positive patient and vaccinee samples were correctly identified. Using serum samples that were 2-fold serially diluted, the IgM capture ELISA was able to detect all YF-positive samples. Furthermore, MAb-based antigen detection ELISA enabled the detection of virus in culture supernatants containing titers of about 1,000 focus-forming units.
Collapse
|
18
|
Joseph NMS, Ho KL, Tey BT, Tan CS, Shafee N, Tan WS. Production of the virus-like particles of nipah virus matrix protein inPichia pastorisas diagnostic reagents. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:1038-45. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narcisse MS Joseph
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Kok Lian Ho
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Beng Ti Tey
- Multidisciplinary Platform of Advance Engineering; Monash University Malaysia; Bandar Sunway Selangor 46150 Malaysia
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia; Bandar Sunway Selangor 46150 Malaysia
| | - Chon Seng Tan
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI); Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Norazizah Shafee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; Universiti Putra Malaysia; UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia; UPM Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu F, Du Y, Huang X, Ma H, Xu B, Adungo F, Hayasaka D, Buerano CC, Morita K. Application of recombinant severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus nucleocapsid protein for the detection of SFTSV-specific human IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect ELISA. Virol J 2015; 12:117. [PMID: 26239826 PMCID: PMC4524020 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease that was first reported in China in 2011. It is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV) which is a member of the Phlebovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family. SFTSV has been classified as a BSL3 pathogen. There is a need to develop safe and affordable serodiagnostic methods for proper clinical management of infected patients. Methods The full length nucleocapsid (N) gene of SFTSV Yamaguchi strain was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned to an expression vector pQE30. The recombinant (r) SFTSV-N protein was expressed by using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression system and purified under native conditions. rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgG and IgM enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems were established to detect specific human IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. One hundred fifteen serum samples from clinically suspected-SFTS patients were used to evaluate the newly established systems and the results were compared with the total antibody detecting sandwich ELISA system. Results The native form of recombinant (r) SFTSV-N protein was expressed and purified. Application of the rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgG ELISA to the 115 serum samples showed results that perfectly matched those of the total antibody sandwich ELISA with a sensitivity and specificity of 100 %. The rSFTSV-N protein based indirect IgM ELISA missed 8 positive samples that were detected by the total antibody sandwich ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of rSFTSV-N-IgM capture ELISA were 90.59 and 100 %, respectively. Conclusions The rSFTSV-N protein is highly immunoreactive and a good target for use as an assay antigen in laboratory diagnosis. Its preparation is simpler in comparison with that used for the total antibody sandwich system. Our rSFTSV-N protein-based IgG and IgM ELISA systems have the advantage of distinguishing two types of antibodies and require small volume of serum sample only. They are safe to use for diagnosis of SFTS virus infection and especially fit in large-scale epidemiological investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxun Yu
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Yanhua Du
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xueyong Huang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Bianli Xu
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ferdinard Adungo
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Hayasaka
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Corazon C Buerano
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12- 4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Integrated cluster- and case-based surveillance for detecting stage III zoonotic pathogens: an example of Nipah virus surveillance in Bangladesh. Epidemiol Infect 2014; 143:1922-30. [PMID: 25342551 PMCID: PMC4456770 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268814002635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the utility of cluster- and case-based surveillance established in government hospitals in Bangladesh to detect Nipah virus, a stage III zoonotic pathogen. Physicians listed meningo-encephalitis cases in the 10 surveillance hospitals and identified a cluster when ⩾2 cases who lived within 30 min walking distance of one another developed symptoms within 3 weeks of each other. Physicians collected blood samples from the clustered cases. As part of case-based surveillance, blood was collected from all listed meningo-encephalitis cases in three hospitals during the Nipah season (January–March). An investigation team visited clustered cases’ communities to collect epidemiological information and blood from the living cases. We tested serum using Nipah-specific IgM ELISA. Up to September 2011, in 5887 listed cases, we identified 62 clusters comprising 176 encephalitis cases. We collected blood from 127 of these cases. In 10 clusters, we identified a total of 62 Nipah cases: 18 laboratory-confirmed and 34 probable. We identified person-to-person transmission of Nipah virus in four clusters. From case-based surveillance, we identified 23 (4%) Nipah cases. Faced with thousands of encephalitis cases, integrated cluster surveillance allows targeted deployment of investigative resources to detect outbreaks by stage III zoonotic pathogens in resource-limited settings.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kulkarni DD, Tosh C, Venkatesh G, Senthil Kumar D. Nipah virus infection: current scenario. INDIAN JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY : AN OFFICIAL ORGAN OF INDIAN VIROLOGICAL SOCIETY 2013; 24:398-408. [PMID: 24426305 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-013-0171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of Nipah virus (NiV) infection into the pig population and subsequently into the human population is believed to be due to changes in ecological conditions. In Malaysia, A major NiV outbreak occurred in pigs and humans from September 1998 to April 1999 that resulted in infection of 265 and death of 105 persons. About 1.1 million pigs had to be destroyed to control the outbreak. The disease was recorded in the form of a major outbreak in India in 2001 and then a small incidence in 2007, both the outbreaks in West Bengal only in humans without any involvement of pigs. There were series of human Nipah incidences in Bangladesh from 2001 till 2013 almost every year with mortality exceeding 70 %. The disease transmission from pigs acting as an intermediate host during Malaysian and Singapore outbreaks has changed in NIV outbreaks in India and Bangladesh, transmitting the disease directly from bats to human followed by human to human. The drinking of raw date palm sap contaminated with fruit bat urine or saliva containing NiV is the only known cause of outbreak of the disease in Bangladesh outbreaks. The virus is now known to exist in various fruit bats of Pteropus as well as bats of other genera in a wider belt from Asia to Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D D Kulkarni
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bhopal, India
| | - C Tosh
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bhopal, India
| | - G Venkatesh
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bhopal, India
| | - D Senthil Kumar
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, OIE Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bhopal, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
[Summary of research works on viruses in the Vietnam Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University]. Uirusu 2013; 63:69-74. [PMID: 24769580 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.63.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University (NEKKEN) and National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Vietnam (NIHE) jointly conducted a project from 2006 on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (ERID) granted by the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Technology (MEXT) of Japan. Fifteen independent researches have been carried out by 7 scientists who stationed in the Vietnam Research Station (VRS), and by approximately 60 visiting scientists. A wide variety of viruses have been studied in the research activities in the VRS, of those, topics of'' Nipah virus infection in bats in Vietnam'', ''Nam Dinh virus, a newly discovered insect nidovirus'', and'' Risk factors of dengue fever in southern Vietnam'' were summarized. It is important to develop a mechanism to facilitate young scientists to use the VRS in their research works, and then a scope to establish the VRS as a gateway to a successful career path for young scientists in the field of the infectious diseases would be realized.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hasebe F, Thuy NTT, Inoue S, Yu F, Kaku Y, Watanabe S, Akashi H, Dat DT, Mai LTQ, Morita K. Serologic evidence of nipah virus infection in bats, Vietnam. Emerg Infect Dis 2012; 18:536-7. [PMID: 22377109 PMCID: PMC3309638 DOI: 10.3201/eid1803.111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
24
|
Rockx B, Winegar R, Freiberg AN. Recent progress in henipavirus research: molecular biology, genetic diversity, animal models. Antiviral Res 2012; 95:135-49. [PMID: 22643730 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nipah and Hendra virus are members of a newly identified genus of emerging paramyxoviruses, the henipaviruses. Both viruses have the ability to cause severe pulmonary infection and severe acute encephalitis. Following their discovery in the 1990s, outbreaks caused by these zoonotic paramyxoviruses have been associated with high public health and especially economic threat potential. Currently, only geographic groupings in Asia and Australia have been described for the henipaviruses. However, while few viral isolates are available and more detailed characterization is necessary, there has been recent evidence that divergent henipaviruses might be present on the African continent. This review endeavours to capture recent advances in the field of henipavirus research, with a focus on genome structure and replication mechanisms, reservoir hosts, genetic diversity, pathogenesis and animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Rockx
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang LF, Daniels P. Diagnosis of henipavirus infection: current capabilities and future directions. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2012; 359:179-96. [PMID: 22481141 DOI: 10.1007/82_2012_215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the last major review on diagnosis of henipavirus infection about a decade ago, significant progress has been made in many different areas of test development, especially in the development of molecular tests using real-time PCR and many novel serological test platforms. In addition to provide an updated review of the current test capabilities, this review also identifies key future challenges in henipavirus diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fa Wang
- CSRIO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Balamurugan V, Venkatesan G, Sen A, Annamalai L, Bhanuprakash V, Singh RK. Recombinant protein-based viral disease diagnostics in veterinary medicine. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2010; 10:731-53. [PMID: 20843198 DOI: 10.1586/erm.10.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Identification of pathogens or antibody response to pathogens in human and animals modulates the treatment strategies for naive population and subsequent infections. Diseases can be controlled and even eradicated based on the epidemiology and effective prophylaxis, which often depends on development of efficient diagnostics. In addition, combating newly emerging diseases in human as well as animal healthcare is challenging and is dependent on developing safe and efficient diagnostics. Detection of antibodies directed against specific antigens has been the method of choice for documenting prior infection. Other than zoonosis, development of inexpensive vaccines and diagnostics is a unique problem in animal healthcare. The advent of recombinant DNA technology and its application in the biotechnology industry has revolutionized animal healthcare. The use of recombinant DNA technology in animal disease diagnosis has improved the rapidity, specificity and sensitivity of various diagnostic assays. This is because of the absence of host cellular proteins in the recombinant derived antigen preparations that dramatically decrease the rate of false-positive reactions. Various recombinant products are used for disease diagnosis in veterinary medicine and this article discusses recombinant-based viral disease diagnostics currently used for detection of pathogens in livestock and poultry.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chiang CF, Lo MK, Rota PA, Spiropoulou CF, Rollin PE. Use of monoclonal antibodies against Hendra and Nipah viruses in an antigen capture ELISA. Virol J 2010; 7:115. [PMID: 20525276 PMCID: PMC2896928 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-7-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Outbreaks of Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV) viruses have been reported starting in 1994 and 1998, respectively. Both viruses are capable of causing fatal disease in humans and effecting great economical loss in the livestock industry. Results Through screening of hybridomas derived from mice immunized with γ-irradiated Nipah virus, we identified two secreted antibodies; one reactive with the nucleocapsid (N) protein and the other, the phosphoprotein (P) of henipaviruses. Epitope mapping and protein sequence alignments between NiV and HeV suggest the last 14 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus of the N protein is the target of the anti-N antibody. The anti-P antibody recognizes an epitope in the amino-terminal half of P protein. These monoclonal antibodies were used to develop two antigen capture ELISAs, one for virus detection and the other for differentiation between NiV and HeV. The lower limit of detection of the capture assay with both monoclonal antibodies was 400 pfu. The anti-N antibody was used to successfully detect NiV in a lung tissue suspension from an infected pig. Conclusion The antigen capture ELISA developed is potentially affordable tool to provide rapid detection and differentiation between the henipaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Feng Chiang
- Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chong FC, Tan WS, Biak DR, Ling TC, Tey BT. A preparative hydrophobic interaction chromatography for purification of recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus from clarified Escherichia coli homogenate. Sep Purif Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
30
|
Chong FC, Tan WS, Biak DRA, Ling TC, Tey BT. Direct recovery of recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus from unclarified Escherichia coli homogenate using hydrophobic interaction expanded bed adsorption chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:1293-7. [PMID: 20044094 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A direct recovery of recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus (NCp-NiV) from crude Escherichia coli (E. coli) homogenate was developed successfully using a hydrophobic interaction expanded bed adsorption chromatography (HI-EBAC). The nucleic acids co-released with the recombinant protein have increased the viscosity of the E. coli homogenate, thus affected the axial mixing in the EBAC column. Hence, DNase was added to reduce the viscosity of feedstock prior to its loading into the EBAC column packed with the hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) adsorbent. The addition of glycerol to the washing buffer has reduced the volume of washing buffer applied, and thus reduced the loss of the NCp-NiV during the washing stage. The influences of flow velocity, degree of bed expansion and viscosity of mobile phase on the adsorption efficiency of HI-EBAC were studied. The dynamic binding capacity at 10% breakthrough of 3.2mg/g adsorbent was achieved at a linear flow velocity of 178 cm/h, bed expansion of two and feedstock viscosity of 3.4 mPas. The adsorbed NCp-NiV was eluted with the buffer containing a step gradient of salt concentration. The purification of hydrophobic NCp-NiV using the HI-EBAC column has recovered 80% of NCp-NiV from unclarified E. coli homogenate with a purification factor of 12.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fui Chin Chong
- Department of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 25000 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yadav V, Balamurugan V, Bhanuprakash V, Sen A, Bhanot V, Venkatesan G, Riyesh T, Singh R. Expression of Peste des petits ruminants virus nucleocapsid protein in prokaryotic system and its potential use as a diagnostic antigen or immunogen. J Virol Methods 2009; 162:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
32
|
Chong FC, Tan WS, Biak DRA, Ling TC, Tey BT. Purification of histidine-tagged nucleocapsid protein of Nipah virus using immobilized metal affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:1561-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Tamin A, Harcourt BH, Lo MK, Roth JA, Wolf MC, Lee B, Weingartl H, Audonnet JC, Bellini WJ, Rota PA. Development of a neutralization assay for Nipah virus using pseudotype particles. J Virol Methods 2009; 160:1-6. [PMID: 19559943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are zoonotic paramyxoviruses capable of causing severe disease in humans and animals. These viruses require biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment. Like other paramyxoviruses, the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) can be used to detect antibodies to the surface glycoproteins, fusion (F) and attachment (G), and PRNT titers give an indication of protective immunity. Unfortunately, for NiV and HeV, the PRNT must be performed in BSL-4 containment and takes several days to complete. Thus, we have developed a neutralization assay using VSV pseudotype particles expressing the F and G proteins of NiV (pVSV-NiV-F/G) as target antigens. This rapid assay, which can be performed at BSL-2, was evaluated using serum samples from outbreak investigations and more than 300 serum samples from an experimental NiV vaccination study in swine. The results of the neutralization assays with pVSV-NiV-F/G as antigen showed a good correlation with those of standard PRNT. Therefore, this new method has the potential to be a rapid and cost-effective diagnostic method, especially in locations that lack high containment facilities, and will provide a valuable tool for basic research and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azaibi Tamin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lo MK, Rota PA. The emergence of Nipah virus, a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus. J Clin Virol 2008; 43:396-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
35
|
Halpin K, Mungall BA. Recent progress in henipavirus research. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 30:287-307. [PMID: 17629946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Following the discovery of two new paramyxoviruses in the 1990s, much effort has been placed on rapidly finding the reservoir hosts, characterising the genomes, identifying the viral receptors and formulating potential vaccines and therapeutic options for these viruses, Hendra and Nipah viruses caused zoonotic disease on a scale not seen before with other paramyxoviruses. Nipah virus particularly caused high morbidity and mortality in humans and high morbidity in pig populations in the first outbreak in Malaysia. Both viruses continue to pose a threat with sporadic outbreaks continuing into the 21st century. Experimental and surveillance studies identified that pteropus bats are the reservoir hosts. Research continues in an attempt to understand events that precipitated spillover of these viruses. Discovered on the cusp of the molecular technology revolution, much progress has been made in understanding these new viruses. This review endeavours to capture the depth and breadth of these recent advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Halpin
- CSIRO, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Private Bag 24, Geelong, Vic. 3220, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Spencer KA, Osorio FA, Hiscox JA. Recombinant viral proteins for use in diagnostic ELISAs to detect virus infection. Vaccine 2007; 25:5653-9. [PMID: 17478017 PMCID: PMC7130988 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Revised: 02/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ELISAs provide a valuable tool in the detection and diagnosis of virus infection. The ability to produce recombinant viral proteins will ensure that future ELISAs are safe, specific and rapid. This latter point being the most crucial advantage in that even if a virus cannot be cultured, provided gene sequence is available, it is possible to rapidly respond to emerging viruses and new viral strains of existing pathogens. Indeed, ELISAs based on peptides (corresponding to epitopes) also hold great promise, as in this case no cloning or expression of a recombinant protein is required. Both recombinant protein and peptide based systems lend themselves to large scale production and purification. These approaches can also be used to distinguish recombinant vaccines from parental or wild type viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly-Anne Spencer
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|