1
|
Bai R, Chen Y, Ou J, Dong W, Zhong T, Li Y, Li C, Liu C, Ji C, Li H, Luo Y, Mei YF, Wu J, Seto D, Yin A, Zhang Q, Luo M. Clinical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of human enteric adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-F41) from children with gastroenteritis during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 123:105619. [PMID: 38906518 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Human adenovirus type 41 (HAdV-F41) usually causes pediatrics gastroenteritis. However, it was reported to be associated with the outbreaks of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology (SAHUA) in pediatrics during COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of enteric HAdV-F41 in 37,920 paediatric gastroenteritis cases from 2017 to 2022 in Guangzhou, China. All children presented were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 during the "zero-COVID" period. The main clinical symptom of the children was diarrhea (96.5%). No fatalities nor liver abnormal symptoms was found. In 2021, one year since the pandemic of COVID-19, the prevalence of HAdV-F41 abruptly increased from 3.71% to 8.64% (P < 0.001). All of HAdV-F41 circulating worldwide were classified into eight different subtypes (G1-G8) based on the phylogenetic clustering permutation of the four capsid genes of HAdV-F41. G3 was the predominant subtype (56.2%; 77/137). CRV5 isolates from SAHUA cases belong to this subtype, in which N312D and H335D mutations in the short fiber knob were identified in both Guangzhou and CRV5 isolates, presumably changing the virus tropism by directly interacting with the heparin sulfate (HS) receptor. Additionally, a novel recombinant G6 subtype, which is unique and only circulating in China was first identified in this study. This is the first study highlighting the prevalence of HAdV-F41 in paediatric cases of gastroenteritis during COVID-19 pandemic in China. The clinical and viral evolution finding of HAdV-F41 provide insight into the clinical characteristics of children with HAdV-F41 infections as well as the uncertain role of HAdV-F41 in the cause of SAHUA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China; The Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Junxian Ou
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenya Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Tianhua Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Congrong Li
- Biosafety Laboratory, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Cunwei Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yasha Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Ya-Fang Mei
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Section of Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jie Wu
- Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donald Seto
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Aihua Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China; Medical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Medical Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Mingyong Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li F, Guo L, Li Q, Xu H, Fu Y, Huang L, Feng G, Liu G, Chen X, Xie Z. Changes in the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of viral gastroenteritis among hospitalized children in the Mainland of China: a retrospective study from 2016 to 2020. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:303. [PMID: 38704530 PMCID: PMC11069194 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) causes significant morbidity in children worldwide; however, the disease burden of children hospitalized with viral gastroenteritis in China has been rarely described. Through this study, we analyzed the data of hospitalized children with viral gastroenteritis to explore the changes in the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of viral gastroenteritis in the mainland of China. METHODS Data were extracted from Futang Children's Medical Development Research Center (FRCPD), between 2016 and 2020, across 27 hospitals in 7 regions. The demographics, geographic distribution, pathogenic examination results, complications, hospital admission date, length of hospital stays, hospitalization charges and outcomes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Viral etiological agents included rotavirus (RV), adenovirus (ADV), norovirus (NV) and coxsackievirus (CV) that were detected in 25,274 (89.6%), 1,047 (3.7%), 441 (1.5%) and 83 (0.3%) cases. There was a higher prevalence of RV and NV infection among children younger than 3 years of age. RV and NV had the highest detection rates in winter, while ADV in summer. Children with viral gastroenteritis were often accompanied by other diseases, such as myocardial diseases (10.98-31.04%), upper respiratory tract diseases (1.20-20.15%), and seizures (2.41-14.51%). Among those cases, the co-infection rate with other pathogens was 6.28%, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and influenza virus (FLU) being the most common pathogens. The median length of stay was 5 days, and the median cost of hospitalization corresponded to587 US dollars. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests that viral gastroenteritis, especially those caused by RV, is a prevalent illness among younger children. Co-infections and the presence of other diseases are common. The seasonality and regional variation of viral etiological agents highlight the need for targeted prevention and control measures. Although viral gastroenteritis rarely leads to death, it also results in a significant economic burden on healthcare systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Guo
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Big Data and Engineering Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yiliang Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Luci Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshuang Feng
- Big Data and Engineering Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bouazizi A, Ben Hadj Fredj M, Bennour H, Jerbi A, Ouafa kallala, Fodha I, Trabelsi A. Molecular analysis of adenovirus strains responsible for gastroenteritis in children, under five, in Tunisia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22969. [PMID: 38163238 PMCID: PMC10754908 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose of work Enteric Adenovirus (EAdV) is recognized as one of the most commonly identified agents responsible for severe acute gastroenteritis (AGEs) in the stools of infants.We sought to determine the rate of human adenovirus (HAdV) infections, and the genotypic characterization of circulating strains of HAdV in children under 5 years of age with AGEs in university and regional hospitals, located in the Center-East of Tunisia, from January 2014 to December 2016. Methods A classic PCR was performed on 582 stool samples taken within 5 days of the onset of symptoms. Chosen positive samples were sequenced, and some of the results were confirmed by the Next Generation Sequencing technique (NGS). Partial nucleotide sequences of the Hexon gene obtained in this study were compared with the NCBI GenBank database using BLAST. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were conducted using MEGA6 software. The phylogenetic tree was generated using the maximum-likelihood method and bootstrap analysis was performed with 1000 replications. Results Out of 582 samples, 52 (8.93 %) cases were positive for HAdV, with a male predominance (57.4 %). Phylogenetic analyses showed that Tunisian HAdV strains clustered into five HAdV lineages corresponding to serotypes F41 (14/28), C2 (9/28), C5 (3/28), E4 (1/28), and A18 (1/28). HAdV was more frequent in children aged up to 12 months, as compared to the other age groups. The HAdV activity was noted in almost all the months of the year with a peak in autumn, in 2014 and 2015, and in winter in 2016. Conclusion This study showed that infections with HAdV species were frequent in children suffering from AGE with the predominance of HAdV F41 and C2. This result underlines the importance of regular monitoring of circulating genotypes, and it could be useful for future epidemiological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Bouazizi
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ben Hadj Fredj
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Kairouan, Kairouan, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Bennour
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amira Jerbi
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ouafa kallala
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imene Fodha
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Abdelhalim Trabelsi
- Research laboratory for Epidemiology and immunogenetics of viral infections (LR14SP02), Sahloul University Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Valdivia-Carrera CA, Ho-Palma AC, Munguia-Mercado A, Gonzalez-Pizarro K, Ibacache-Quiroga C, Dinamarca A, Stehlík M, Rusiñol M, Girones R, Lopez-Urbina MT, Basaldua Galarza A, Gonzales-Gustavson E. Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, rotavirus, norovirus genogroup II, and human adenovirus in wastewater as an epidemiological tool to anticipate outbreaks of COVID-19 and acute gastroenteritis in a city without a wastewater treatment plant in the Peruvian Highlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167161. [PMID: 37730068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated that Wastewater Based Epidemiology is a fast and economical alternative for monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the community level in high-income countries. In the present study, wastewater from a city in the Peruvian Highlands, which lacks a wastewater treatment plant, was monitored for one year to assess the relationship between the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 and the reported cases of COVID-19 in the community. Additionally, we compared the relationship between rotavirus (RV), norovirus genogroup II (NoV GGII), and human adenovirus (HAdV) with the number of reported cases of acute gastroenteritis. Before commencing the analysis of the samples, the viral recovery efficacy of three processing methods was determined in spiked wastewater with SARS-CoV-2. This evaluation demonstrated the highest recovery rate with direct analysis (72.2 %), as compared to ultrafiltration (50.8 %) and skimmed milk flocculation (5.6 %). Wastewater monitoring revealed that 72 % (36/50) of the samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with direct analysis yielding the highest detection frequency and quantification of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the reported cases of COVID-19, mainly when we shift the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 by two weeks, which allows us to anticipate the onset of the fourth and fifth waves of the pandemic in Peru up to two weeks in advance. All samples processed using the skimmed milk flocculation method tested positive and showed high concentrations of RV, NoV GGII, and HAdV. In fact, the highest RV concentrations were detected up to four weeks before outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis reported in children under four years of age. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that periodic wastewater monitoring is an excellent epidemiological tool for surveillance and can anticipate outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, in low- and middle-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Valdivia-Carrera
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. 28 de Julio s/n, Km 34, margen izquierda, Carretera Central, El Mantaro, Jauja, Junin, Peru; Department of Animal Health and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalacion 2800, San Borja, Lima, Peru.
| | - Ana C Ho-Palma
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru, Av. Mariscal Castilla 3909, Huancayo, Peru.
| | - Astrid Munguia-Mercado
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. 28 de Julio s/n, Km 34, margen izquierda, Carretera Central, El Mantaro, Jauja, Junin, Peru.
| | - Karoll Gonzalez-Pizarro
- Centro de Micro-Bioinnovación, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Claudia Ibacache-Quiroga
- Centro de Micro-Bioinnovación, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso, Chile; Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Alejandro Dinamarca
- Centro de Micro-Bioinnovación, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso, Chile; Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Milan Stehlík
- Institute of Statistics, Universidad de Valparaiso, Av. Gran Bretana 1111, Valparaiso, Chile; Linz Institute of Technology & Department of Applied Statistics, Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
| | - Marta Rusiñol
- Laboratory of Virus Contaminants of Water and Food, Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Rosina Girones
- Laboratory of Virus Contaminants of Water and Food, Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Maria T Lopez-Urbina
- Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalacion 2800, San Borja, Lima, Peru.
| | - Anani Basaldua Galarza
- Department of Human Medicine, School of Human Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru, Av. Mariscal Castilla 3909, Huancayo, Peru; Dirección Ejecutiva de Epidemiología, Dirección Regional de Salud, Jr. Julio Cesar Tello 488, Huancayo 12004, Junin, Peru.
| | - Eloy Gonzales-Gustavson
- Tropical and Highlands Veterinary Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. 28 de Julio s/n, Km 34, margen izquierda, Carretera Central, El Mantaro, Jauja, Junin, Peru; Department of Animal Health and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalacion 2800, San Borja, Lima, Peru.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kadhim Jwaziri A, Karbalaie Niya MH, Khales P, Kachooei A, Sabaei M, Rahmani Fard S, Tavakoli A. Molecular Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Adenovirus in Iranian Children with Gastroenteritis. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:901-913. [PMID: 37766589 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2262576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We determined the molecular prevalence and genotype distribution of human adenovirus (HAdV) among children under five years of age with gastroenteritis in Iran. METHODS One hundred stool samples from children hospitalized were tested by PCR for adenovirus, and some of the positive samples were sequenced to determine the specific genotype. RESULTS HAdV DNA was found in 15 samples (15%). The highest and the lowest prevalence of HAdV was observed in the age groups 24-60 months (n = 6; 40%) and 7-12 months (n = 2; 13.3%), respectively (p = 0.01). Nine HAdV-positive samples were sequenced, of which four isolates were HAdV type 2 and five isolates were HAdV type 41. CONCLUSION HAdV was most common in the 24-60-month-old children. Of the samples sequenced, we found only types 2 and 41. Our results show that in addition to HAdV types 40 and 41, HAdV type 2 may also play a role in causing gastroenteritis in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pegah Khales
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Kachooei
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Sabaei
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Rahmani Fard
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Blanco R, Alcalá AC, Fernández R, Ramírez V, Rosales RE, Páez MG, Alemán H, González R, Zerpa J, Maldonado AJ, Vizzi E. Molecular characterization of human adenovirus causing infantile acute gastroenteritis in Venezuela before and after rotavirus vaccine implementation. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116056. [PMID: 37683387 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) of species F are commonly involved in pediatric acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The real impact on Venezuelan health is unknown. To investigate the prevalence and molecular diversity of HAdV in Venezuela, 630 fecal samples collected from children with AGE in 3 cities, from 2001 to 2013, were tested by PCR. Species F and types F40/41 were identified by REA. HAdV was detected in 123 cases (19.5%), most from outpatient females under 24 months old. A progressive and substantial increase in the detection rate was observed over time, significantly higher in rotavirus vaccinated than unvaccinated children (28.4% vs. 9.5%, P = 0.00019). Phylogenetic analysis of 28 randomly selected genomes showed high similarity among HAdV-F40/41 and those worldwide. HAdV-F of type 41 prevailed (79.8%) and clustered into 2 intratypic major clades. The significant involvement of HAdV-F41 in AGE suggests the importance of actively monitoring viral agents other than rotavirus, especially after vaccine introduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Blanco
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Ana C Alcalá
- MU Center for Influenza and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA; Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Rixio Fernández
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Viviana Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Rita E Rosales
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María G Páez
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Héctor Alemán
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Rosabel González
- Sección de Enfermedades Entéricas, Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina, Dr. Jacinto Convit, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - José Zerpa
- Laboratorio de Virología, Postgrado en Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Sucre, Cumaná, Venezuela
| | - Antonio J Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Virología, Postgrado en Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Sucre, Cumaná, Venezuela
| | - Esmeralda Vizzi
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Joshi MS, Sukirti V, Chavan NA, Walimbe AM, Potdar VA, Vipat VC, Lavania M, Gopalkrishna V. Enteric and non-enteric adenoviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Western India. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023:105454. [PMID: 37257799 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are the viral agents responsible for a wide spectrum of acute and chronic diseases. HAdVs are the most important etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and are identified as the major contributor to the deaths of diarrheal children globally. The significant rise in HAdV infections in rotavirus-vaccinated children documented in multiple studies demands continuous monitoring of HAdV strains. After the inclusion of rotavirus vaccines in the immunization schedule of India, public health research regarding prevalence, etiology, and risk factors is highly necessary for evidence-based policies and their implementation to sustain diarrhea prevention programs. In the present study, children admitted for AGE between 2013 and 2016 in seven different hospitals in Maharashtra and Gujrat states of Western India were subjected for investigation. HAdVs were found in 5.2% of the fecal specimens with the dominance of species-F (52.4%) strains, followed by the occurrence of non-enteric adenoviruses of species A (17.4%), C (11.4%), B (8.2%), and D (3.2%). The species-F strains were predominant in Ahmadabad (78.5%), Mumbai (61.5%), and Surat (57.1%) cities, followed by species-A strains. In Pune city, species B strains were detected in all HAdV patients, with none of the species A strains. Clinically, patients infected with enteric and non-enteric HAdV strains were indistinguishable. However, a high viral load was observed in species-F specimens as compared to non-species-F. The present study on fecal specimens collected in the pre-rotavirus vaccination era from hospitalized AGE patients will be important for future comparative analysis to know the exact impact of vaccination in children of Western India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri S Joshi
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
| | - Vedula Sukirti
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Nutan A Chavan
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Atul M Walimbe
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Varsha A Potdar
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Veena C Vipat
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Mallika Lavania
- Enteric Viruses Group, ICMR- National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Eifan S, Nour I, Hanif A, Alhetheel A, Al-Ashkar I. Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance of Human Adenovirus and Rotavirus A Associated Gastroenteritis in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8050279. [PMID: 37235327 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8050279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia, acute gastroenteritis (GE) is a common illness affecting children and adults; however, the extent to which human rotavirus A (HRV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) strains contribute to the condition is unclear. The surveillance of the GE-causing viruses, HRV and HadV, was performed using polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis at King Khalid University Hospital. The associations between virus prevalence and meteorological factors were analyzed. The prevalence of HAdV was recorded (7%), followed by HRV (2%). On a gender basis, HAdV infections were found to be dominant in females (5:2) (U = 407.5; p < 0.0001), whereas HRV was only detected in males (U = 50; p < 0.0001). A significantly higher HAdV prevalence was recorded at the age of 3.5 ± 0.63 years (21.1%; p = 0.00047), whereas HRV cases were found equally distributed between <3 years and 3-5 years. The highest HAdV prevalence was recorded in autumn, followed by winter and spring. A significant correlation was detected between humidity and the total number of recorded cases (p = 0.011). Phylogenetic analysis depicted the dominance of HAdV type 41 and the G2 lineage of HRV among circulating strains. The current study uncovered the epidemiology and genotypes of HRV and HadV, and provided forecasting equations for monitoring climatic-mediated outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Eifan
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Nour
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Hanif
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alhetheel
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Ashkar
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bagali S, Kakhandaki L, Karigoudar R, Wavare S, Shahapur PR, Patil MM. Comparative Analysis of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatography for Rotavirus and Adenovirus Detection in Children below Five Years with Acute Gastroenteritis. J Lab Physicians 2022; 15:110-116. [PMID: 37064981 PMCID: PMC10104705 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The most frequent etiologies of viral gastroenteritis among young children are rotavirus and enteric adenovirus. The clinical signs and symptoms of viral gastroenteritis are not distinct enough to allow for diagnosis. For the diagnosis and treatment of acute gastroenteritis, it is preferable to use quick, simple, and low-cost procedures. This study was undertaken to determine efficacy of immune-chromatography test (ICT) in comparison with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect rotavirus and adenovirus antigen in fecal specimen among children less than 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis.
Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional observational study, 314 fecal samples were collected from children aged less than 5 years with acute gastroenteritis attending or admitted to a tertiary care hospital during the 1 year study period. Samples were tested for rotavirus and adenovirus antigen using ICT and ELISA.
Results Among the 314 children evaluated, 112 (35.66%) had rotavirus infection, nine (2.86%) had adenovirus infection, and three (0.95%) had both rotavirus and adenovirus infection. This study found that ICT is 98.20% sensitive and 100% specific for the diagnosis of rotaviral diarrhea and 100% sensitive and 99.7% specific for adenovirus diarrhea, compared to ELISA.
Conclusion Immunochromatography tests used for the detection of rotavirus and adenovirus in the fecal sample showed a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. The ICT is easy to perform and rapid, and it does not require any special equipment. Hence, the ICT could be used as an alternative method for detecting viral pathogens in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Bagali
- Department of Microbiology, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Laxmi Kakhandaki
- Department of Microbiology, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Karigoudar
- Department of Microbiology, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Wavare
- Department of Microbiology, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen R. Shahapur
- Department of Microbiology, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallanagouda M. Patil
- Department of Pediatrics, BLDE(DU)'s Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan NU, Shamsullah, Shahidullah, Shah AA, Zaidi SSZ, Chen Z. Epidemiology of Human Adenovirus in Pakistani Children Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Gastroenteritis under the Age of Five Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12534. [PMID: 36231834 PMCID: PMC9566016 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children around the globe. Along with other enteropathogens, human adenovirus (HadV) is a major etiological agent associated with diarrhea in young children. However, information about the epidemiology of Adenoviruses in Pakistan is limited or has not been reported. A total of 1082 stool samples were collected from patients with acute gastroenteritis under the age of five years with symptoms of diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal cramps who visited Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi and Children's hospital in Lahore of Punjab Province in Pakistan. Of this, 384 cases with no blood in their stool, negative for Rotavirus, and under the age of five years were recruited in this study. Human Adenoviruses were isolated in the human epithelial HEp-2 cell line. Furthermore, adenovirus antigen detection was carried out by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and then all positive and negative samples were confirmed by nested PCR. After inoculating a clear stool supernatant on HEp-2 cell lines, we observed a positive cytopathic effect in 65 (16%) cases. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, HAdV antigens were detected in 54 (14.06%) of the clear supernatant from gastroenteritis cases. However, HAdV hexon coding regions were amplified in 57 (14.80%) fecal samples, mainly from patients ≤24 months of age. The findings of this study suggest that adenovirus circulates significantly in the children population under the age of five years and may be the potential etiological factor of acute gastroenteritis in the mentioned cities. This study provides baseline data about the possible role of adenovirus in causing viral diarrhea in children. Further large-scale epidemiological surveys are recommended to better understand disease burden, etiological agents, and its clinical impact across the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazif Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Centre for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shamsullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shahidullah
- Khyber Medical College, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Centre for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang D, Wang Z, Zhang G, Sai L. Molecular and epidemiological characterization of human adenoviruses infection among children with acute diarrhea in Shandong Province, China. Virol J 2021; 18:195. [PMID: 34579757 PMCID: PMC8474830 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adenovirus (HAdV) had been recognized as one of the most common enteric viruses associated with acute diarrhea in children. The present study was carried out to demonstrate the molecular and epidemiological characterization of HAdV Infections among children in Shandong province in China between July 2017 and June 2018. Methods Fecal specimens were collected from children under 5 years old with acute diarrhea. DNA was extracted from the stool specimens and adenovirus DNA was detected by PCR amplification with specific primers. The amplification products were subjected to electrophoresis and visualized on a UV transilluminator. All positive RT-PCR amplification products were sequenced and the obtained sequences analyzed by MEGA (version 7.0). Demographic information and clinical manifestation data were also analyzed. Results In total, 656 fecal specimens were collected and the overall positive rate of HAdV was 7.47%. HAdV infections were detected in all age groups, in which children aged 13–24 months presented the highest positive rate. Seasonal pattern could be observed with a peak in December, January and February. Diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and fever were the main clinical manifestations, in which vomiting was the most common accompanied symptom. By phylogenetic analysis, four species (A, B, C, and F) were detected and seven different serotypes were identified. HAdV-41 (48.98%, 24/49) was the most common serotype followed by HAdV-3 (18.37%, 9/49), HAdV-31 (14.29%, 7/49), HAdV-7 (8.16%, 4/49), HAdV-40 (4.08%, 2/49), HAdV-1 (4.08%, 2/49) and HAdV-2 (2.04%, 1/49). Conclusion This study indicated that HAdV infection was an important cause of acute diarrhea among children under 5 years old in Shandong province. The results will contribute to (a) increase understanding of the role of HAdV in diarrheal children and enhance identification of the predominant diarrhea pathogen for diagnosis; (b) avoid abuse of antibiotics; (c) monitor the change of prevalent HAdV serotypes and promote vaccine development and vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyu Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guanyou Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lintao Sai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shieh WJ. Human adenovirus infections in pediatric population - an update on clinico-pathologic correlation. Biomed J 2021; 45:38-49. [PMID: 34506970 PMCID: PMC9133246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses can cause infections at any age but most commonly in pediatric population, especially in young children and infants. By the time of 10 years old, most children have had at least one episode of adenovirus infection. Adenoviruses can cause many symptoms similar to common cold, including rhinorrhea, fever, cough, and sore throat. Lower respiratory infections such as bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia can be severe and even fatal. Other diseases such as conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, cystitis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and meningoencephalitis can also be associated with adenovirus infections. A variety of recent advancement of structural and molecular biology methods have revamped the taxonomy of adenoviruses and furthered our understanding of the diversity of related clinical diseases. Because of the wide spectrum and complexity of diseases associated with human adenovirus infections, the scope of this review is limited to basic virology and epidemiology of adenoviruses with a main focus on the clinico–pathologic correlation. Clinical manifestations and pathology of any infectious disease are always related; therefore, it is logical to review clinico–pathologic correlation within the specific disease entity caused by adenoviruses to better understand this common viral infection in pediatric population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wun-Ju Shieh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu L, Qian Y, Jia L, Dong H, Deng L, Huang H, Zhao L, Zhu R. Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of human adenovirus serotype 41 strains circulating in Beijing, China, during 2010-2019. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 95:105056. [PMID: 34481061 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus serotype 41 (HAdV-F41) is an important pathogen that causes diarrhea in children. However, the data on its molecular genetic characteristics and evolutionary history are still neither comprehensive nor sufficient. Four capsid protein genes from 58 HAdV-F41-positive specimens taken from diarrheal children in Beijing during 2010-2019 were amplified and analyzed. Variant amino acids in the hexon gene (18 sites) and short fiber gene (4 sites) clustered these strains into two clades and four subclades. The deletion of 15 amino acids found in the gene seemed to have little effect on the genomic strain cluster same as to penton gene. The HAdV-F41 strains had high diversity, as assessed from the intraspecific recombination of hexon, short fiber and long fiber. The molecular evolutionary rate of HAdV-F41's concatenated genes was 4.07 × 10-5 substitutions/site/year, and it diverged from the most recent common ancestor in 1720. Apart from in the penton gene, positive selection codons were predicted in the other three genes, which may play a synergistic role in the evolution of HAdV-F41. These results provide new insights for understanding the characteristics of infectivity and developing vectors and vaccine vehicles for HAdV-F41.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Liu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Liping Jia
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Huijin Dong
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Li Deng
- Infectious Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Infectious Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Linqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Runan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lu L, Zhong H, Xu M, Su L, Cao L, Jia R, Xu J. Molecular and epidemiological characterization of human adenovirus and classic human astrovirus in children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai, 2017-2018. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:713. [PMID: 34325664 PMCID: PMC8320412 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to rotavirus and norovirus, human adenovirus (HAdV) and classic human astrovirus (classic HAstV) are important pathogens of acute diarrhea in infants and young children. Here, we present the molecular epidemiology of HAdV and classic HAstV in children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai. METHODS Fecal specimens were collected from 804 outpatient infants and young children diagnosed with acute diarrhea in Shanghai from January 2017 to December 2018. All of the samples were screened for the presence of HAdV and classic HAstV. HAdV and classic HAstV were detected using traditional PCR and reverse-transcription PCR, respectively. All of the HAdV and classic HAstV positive samples were genotyped by phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Among the 804 fecal samples, 8.58% (69/804) of samples were infected with either HAdV or classic HAstV, and five were co-infected with two diarrhea viruses. The overall detection rates of HAdV and classic HAstV were 3.47% (28/804) and 5.22% (42/804), respectively. Four subgroups (A, B, C, and F) and seven genotypes (HAdV-C1, -C2, -B3, -C5, -A31, -F40, and -F41) of HAdV were detected. Subgroup F had the highest constituent ratio at 64.29% (18/28), followed by non-enteric HAdV of subgroup C (21.43%, 6/28) and subgroup B 10.71% (3/28). HAdV-F41 (60.71%, 17/28) was the dominant genotype, followed by HAdV-C2 (14.29%, 4/28) and HAdV-B3 (10.71%, 3/28). Two genotypes of classic HAstV (HAstV-1 and HAstV-5) were identified in 42 samples during the study period; HAstV-1 (95.24%, 40/42) was the predominant genotype, and the other two strains were genotyped as HAstV-5. No significant differences were found between boys and girls in the detection rates of HAdV (P = 0.604) and classic HAstV (P = 0.275). Over half of the HAdV infections (82.14%, 23/28) and classic HAstV infections (66.67%, 28/42) occurred in children less than 36 months. Seasonal preferences of HAdV and classic HAstV infections were summer and winter, respectively. In this study, the common clinical symptoms of children with acute diarrhea were diarrhea, vomiting, fever and abdominal pain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that HAdV and classic HAstV play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute diarrhea in children in Shanghai. Systematic and long-term surveillance of HAdV and classic HAstV are needed to monitor their prevalence in children and prevent major outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Huaqing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Menghua Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Liyun Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Lingfeng Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Ran Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Souza YFVPD, Souza EVD, Azevedo LSD, Medeiros RS, Timenetsky MDCST, Luchs A. Enteric adenovirus epidemiology from historical fecal samples in Brazil (1998-2005): Pre-rotavirus vaccine era. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 94:105007. [PMID: 34293482 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is recognized as frequent cause of acute gastroenteritis and enteric viruses can be preserved in frozen stored feces for long periods of times. The purpose of the present study was to investigate enteric HAdV genotypic diversity in archival fecal specimens stored from 1998 to 2005 in order to understand the natural history of HAdV in diarrheal patients in Brazil before rotavirus vaccine introduction. A total of 3346 specimens were tested for HAdV using conventional PCR. Genotypes were identified by sequencing. HAdV was detected in 6.8% (228/3346). Positivity was higher in children ≤ 5 years and males (p < 0.05). HAdV was most frequently observed during winter and spring seasons (p < 0.05). HAdV-F41 was the most prevalent genotype (59.2%;135/228), followed by HAdV-F40 (16.2%;37/228), HAdV-C1 (5.2%;12/228), HAdV-C2 (5.2%;12/228), HAdV-C5 (3.1%;7/228), HAdV-A12 (1.3%;3/228), HAdV-E4 (0.9%;2/228), HAdV-B3 (0.9%;2/228) and HAdV-B21 (0.4%;1/228). In 7.6% (17/228) only species D could be defined. HAdV-E4 strains were phylogenetic analyzed and classified as lineage (a)-like PG II. HAdV prevalence remained stable in Brazilian population, regardless rotavirus vaccine introduction. The predominant HAdV genotypes detected did not change over time, highlighting a high diversity of circulating strains in the country throughout decades. Due to the historical lack of HAdV genotyping surveillance in Brazil, HAdV-E4 epidemiology is virtually unknown in the country. The present study contributed significantly to the understanding of the natural history of HAdV in diarrheal patients in Brazil. The acquired data are important for clinical diagnosis, particularly for studies investigating enteric viruses' prevalence and molecular epidemiology of archival clinical specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Viana de Souza
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriana Luchs
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Detection and molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus in treated wastewater in the Brazilian Federal District. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractHuman enteric viruses, such as enteric adenoviruses (HAdV), are known to be involved with gastrointestinal disorders, especially acute gastroenteritis. Several studies have used HAdV as an indicator of water quality, since they are considered highly stable and widely distributed viruses in water matrices. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype HAdVs in water matrices impacted by discharges of treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Wastewater treatment plants from the sanitary system of the Brazilian Federal District were assessed in 2018 and 2019. Samples were collected upstream and downstream from discharge points for each WWTP. Viral concentration based on adsorption-elution and conventional PCR was used for molecular detection, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Pluviosity data for the period in which the samples were collected were obtained. Our results demonstrated the presence of HAdVs in 27.2% (61/224) of the samples. The positivity was significantly higher in downstream samples compared to upstream. Moreover, the HAdV positivity was higher in downstream samples collected from receiving water bodies impacted by secondary-level WWTPs in comparison with those impacted by tertiary-level WWTPs. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of genotypes 40 and 41, with prevalence of HAdV genotype 41. Despite the predominance of HAdV-41, an increasing frequency of the HAdV-40 was associated with higher pluviosity. In conclusion, this study is the first documentation in the Brazilian Federal District dealing with the prevalence and diversity of HAdVs in several WWTP, along with their correlation with rainfall index.
Collapse
|
17
|
Chandra P, Lo M, Mitra S, Banerjee A, Saha P, Okamoto K, Deb AK, Ghosh SK, Manna A, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic variations of human adenovirus-F strains circulating in eastern India during 2017-2020. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6180-6190. [PMID: 34138479 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus-F (HAdV-F) (genotype 40/41) is the second-most leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis after rotavirus, worldwide, accounting for 2.8%-11.8% of infantile diarrheal cases. Earlier studies across eastern India revealed a shift in the predominance of genotypes from HAdV41 in 2007-09 to HAdV40 in 2013-14. Thus, the surveillance for HAdV-F genotypes in this geographical setting was undertaken over 2017-2020 to analyze the viral evolutionary dynamics. A total of 3882 stool samples collected from children (≤5 years) were screened for HAdV-F positivity by conventional PCR. The hypervariable regions of the hexon and the partial shaft region of long fiber genes were amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed with respect to the prototype strains. A marginal decrease in enteric HAdV prevalence was observed (9.04%, n = 351/3882) compared to the previous report (11.8%) in this endemic setting. Children <2 years were found most vulnerable to enteric HAdV infection. Reduction in adenovirus-rotavirus co-infection was evident compared to the sole adenovirus infection. HAdV-F genotypes 40 and 41 were found to co-circulate, but HAdV41 was predominant. HAdV40 strains were genetically conserved, whereas HAdV41 strains accumulated new mutations. On the basis of a different set of mutations in their genome, HAdV41 strains segregated into 2 genome type clusters (GTCs). Circulating HAdV41 strains clustered with GTC1 of the fiber gene, for the first time during this study period. This study will provide much-needed baseline data on the emergence and circulation of HAdV40/41 strains for future vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Chandra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Suvrotoa Mitra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Keinosuke Okamoto
- Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Disease at Indian ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alok Kumar Deb
- Division of Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Ghosh
- Dr. B.C. Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asis Manna
- Infectious diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nour I, Hanif A, Alanazi F, Zakri AM, Al-Ashkar I, Alhetheel A, Eifan S. Evaluation of three different concentration and extraction methods for recovery efficiency of human adenovirus and human rotavirus virus A. J Virol Methods 2021; 295:114212. [PMID: 34126107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Routine wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluents monitoring is essential because of enteric viruses' low infectious dose beyond molecular detectability. In current study methods for concentration and extraction, inter-method compatibility and recovery efficiency of spiked human adenovirus (HAdV) and human rotavirus A (RVA) were evaluated. For virus concentration, polyethylene glycol precipitation (PEG), charged membrane-based adsorption/elution (CMAE), and glass wool-based concentration (GW) methods were used. Nucleic acid was extracted by PowerViral™ Environmental RNA/DNA Isolation (POW), ZymoBIOMICS™ RNA extraction (ZYMO) and Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification (WGDP) and samples were analyzed by Real-Time PCR. CMAE method yielded significantly higher concentrations for both ARQ (Armored-RNA Quant) and RVA compared to PEG (P = 0.001 and 0.003) and GW (P < 0.0001). Highest HAdV concentration was obtained by PEG (P = 0.001 and < 0.0001) in relation to CMAE and GW. ZYMO yielded a significantly higher ARQ and RVA concentrations (P = 0.03 and 0.0057), whereas significantly higher concentration was obtained by POW for HAdV (P = 0.032). CMAE × ZYMO achieved the highest recovery efficiencies for ARQ (69.77 %) and RVA (64.25, respectively, while PEG × POW present efficiency of 9.7 % for HAdV. These findings provide guidance for understanding of method-related biases for viral recovery efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Nour
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Hanif
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahd Alanazi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Zakri
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Ashkar
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alhetheel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Eifan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Human Adenovirus Molecular Characterization in Various Water Environments and Seasonal Impacts in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094773. [PMID: 33947135 PMCID: PMC8125220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The regular monitoring of water environments is essential for preventing waterborne virus-mediated contamination and mitigating health concerns. We aimed to detect human adenovirus (HAdV) in the Wadi Hanifah (WH) and Wadi Namar (WN) lakes, King Saud University wastewater treatment plant (KSU-WWTP), Manfouha-WWTP, irrigation water (IW), and AnNazim landfill (ANLF) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. HAdV hexon sequences were analyzed against 71 HAdV prototypes and investigated for seasonal influence. ANLF had the highest HAdV prevalence (83.3%). Remarkably, the F species of HAdV, especially serotype 41, predominated. Daily temperature ranges (22–45 °C and 10–33 °C) influenced the significance of the differences between the locations. The most significant relationship of ANLF and IW to WH and KSU-WWTP was found at the high-temperature range (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, WN was most correlated to ANLF at the low-temperature range (p < 0.0001). Seasonal influences on HAdV prevalence were insignificant despite HAdV’s high prevalence in autumn and winter months, favoring low temperatures (high: 22–25 °C, low: 14–17 °C) at five out of six locations. Our study provides insightful information on HAdV prevalence and the circulating strains that can address the knowledge gap in the environmental impacts of viruses and help control viral diseases in public health management.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cilli A, Luchs A, Morillo SG, Carmona RDCC, Dos Santos FCP, Maeda AY, Primo D, Pacheco GT, Souza EV, Medeiros RS, Timenetsky MDCST. Surveillance and molecular characterization of human sapovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Brazil, 2010 to 2017. J Clin Virol 2021; 140:104844. [PMID: 33971579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human sapoviruses (HuSaV) are associated with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), causing sporadic cases and outbreaks in patients worldwide. In Brazil, however, there are few reports describing the prevalence of HuSaV in patients with AGE. OBJECTIVE Describing the diversity of HuSaV in Brazil by detecting and molecularly characterizing HuSaV among patients with AGE during an 8-year period (2010-2017). STUDY DESIGN A total of 3974 stool samples, testing negative for rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus (HAdV), were selected and screened for the presence of HuSaV. Nested RT-PCR were performed for a partial region of VP1, sequenced and genetic analyzed for genotyping the positive samples. RESULTS In the current study, the HuSaV prevalence was determined to be 3.7% (149/3974). A higher prevalence, 5.7% (118/2074), was observed in children under 2 years of age. During the surveillance period, 13 outbreaks were detected: 12 outbreaks in children under 3 years old and one outbreak in adults. Among the 149 HuSaV positive cases, 106 samples (71%) were successfully sequenced. The most prevalent genotype found was GI.1 (44.3%), followed by GI.2 (21.7%), GI.3 (3.8%), GI.6 (2.8%), GII.1 (5.7%), GII.2 (8.5%), GII.3 (2.8%), GII.4 (2.8%), GII.5 (5.7%) and GIV.1 (1.9%). Two GIV.1 strains characterized in this study are, to date, the only strains of this genotype reported in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS The present study elucidated the circulation of HuSaV in Brazil and highlight that HuSaV has not assumed an epidemiological importance in the country after the introduction of the RVA vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Cilli
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Luchs
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone G Morillo
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Y Maeda
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dieli Primo
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela T Pacheco
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ellen V Souza
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta S Medeiros
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, Virology Centre, Av. Dr Arnaldo, no: 355, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Souza EVD, de Souza YFVP, Medeiros RS, de Azevedo LS, de Queiroz TGA, Sanz-Duro RL, Marinho RDSS, Komninakis SV, Timenetsky MDCST, Luchs A. Diversity of enteric and non-enteric human adenovirus strains in Brazil, 2006-2011. Arch Virol 2021; 166:897-903. [PMID: 33459882 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
During 2006-2011, 5035 fecal samples were tested by PCR for human adenovirus (HAdV) and sequenced. HAdV was detected in 198 cases (3.9%), with the highest rate in children ≤ 5 years. Enteric HAdVs were the most prevalent genotypes (78%; 146/187): HAdV-F41 (63.6%; 119/187), HAdV-F40 (12.3%; 23/187), HAdV-A12 (1.6%; 3/187) and HAdV-A31 (0.5%; 1/187). Non-enteric HAdVs were detected in 22% (41/187): HAdV-C1 (8.0%; 15/187), HAdV-C2 (6.9%; 13/187), HAdV-C5 (4.3%; 8/187), HAdV-D8 (1.3%; 2/187), HAdV-B21 (0.5%; 1/187), HAdV-B3 (0.5%; 1/187) and HAdV-C6 (0.5%; 1/187). This 6-year retrospective study points out a high diversity of HAdV types circulating in Brazil and highlights the need to carry out molecular epidemiological studies of HAdV among patients with acute diarrheal infection on a regular basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Viana de Souza
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr Arnaldo, nº 355, São Paulo, SP, 01246-902, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Salzone Medeiros
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr Arnaldo, nº 355, São Paulo, SP, 01246-902, Brazil
| | - Lais Sampaio de Azevedo
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr Arnaldo, nº 355, São Paulo, SP, 01246-902, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Shirley Vasconcelos Komninakis
- Retrovirology Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Luchs
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Av. Dr Arnaldo, nº 355, São Paulo, SP, 01246-902, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
A Clinical Epidemiology and Molecular Attribution Evaluation of Adenoviruses in Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis: a Case-Control Study. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 59:JCM.02287-20. [PMID: 33115841 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02287-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the etiological role of human adenovirus (HAdV) serotypes in pediatric gastroenteritis. Using a case-control design, we compared the frequencies of HAdV serotypes between children with ≥3 episodes of vomiting or diarrhea within 24 h and <7 days of symptoms (i.e., cases) and those with no infectious symptoms (i.e., controls). Stool samples and/or rectal swabs underwent molecular serotyping with cycle threshold (Ct) values provided by multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR testing. Cases without respiratory symptoms were analyzed to calculate the proportion of disease attributed to individual HAdV serotypes (i.e., attributable fraction). Between December 2014 and August 2018, adenoviruses were detected in 18.8% (629/3,347) of cases and 7.2% (97/1,355) of controls, a difference of 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.6%, 13.5%). In 96% (95% CI, 92 to 98%) of HAdV F40/41 detections, the symptoms could be attributed to the identified serotype; when serotypes C1, C2, C5, and C6 were detected, they were responsible for symptoms in 52% (95% CI, 12 to 73%). Ct values were lower among cases than among controls (P < 0.001). HAdV F40/41, C2, and C1 accounted for 59.7% (279/467), 17.6% (82/467), and 12.0% (56/467) of all typed cases, respectively. Among cases, Ct values were lower for F40/41 serotypes than for non-F40/41 serotypes (P < 0.001). HAdV F40/41 serotypes account for the majority of HAdV-positive gastroenteritis cases, and when detected, disease is almost always attributed to infection with these pathogens. Non-F40/41 HAdV species have a higher frequency of asymptomatic infection and may not necessarily explain gastroenteritis symptoms. Real-time quantitative PCR may be useful in differentiating asymptomatic shedding from active infection.
Collapse
|
23
|
Adenovirus infection is associated with altered gut microbial communities in a non-human primate. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13410. [PMID: 31527752 PMCID: PMC6746978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) infections are one of the main causes of diarrhea in young children. Enteric AdVs probably disrupt gut microbial defences, which can result in diarrhea. To understand the role of the gut microbiome in AdV-induced pathologies, we investigated the gut microbiome of a naturally AdV-infected non-human primate species, the Malagasy mouse lemur (Microcebus griseorufus), which represents an important model in understanding the evolution of diseases. We observed that AdV infection is associated with disruption of the gut microbial community composition. In AdV+ lemurs, several commensal taxa essential for a healthy gut microbiome decreased, whereas genera containing potential pathogens, such as Neisseria, increased in abundance. Microbial co-occurrence networks revealed a loss of important microbial community interactions in AdV+ lemurs and an overrepresentation of Prevotellaceae. The observation of enteric virus-associated loss of commensal bacteria and associated shifts towards pathobionts may represent the missing link for a better understanding of AdV-induced effects in humans, and also for their potential as drivers of co-infections, an area of research that has been largely neglected so far.
Collapse
|
24
|
Arashkia A, Bahrami F, Farsi M, Nejati B, Jalilvand S, Nateghian A, Rahbarimanesh A, Shoja Z. Molecular analysis of human adenoviruses in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1930-1936. [PMID: 31283018 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs), especially AdV-40 and 41, are common causes of nonbacterial sporadic and outbreak gastroenteritis in children. The present study aimed to describe the frequency and genetic analysis of HAdVs in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis. A total of 376 stool samples obtained from June 2015 to December 2017 were investigated for the presence of HAdVs by polymerase chain reaction. The HAdV DNA was detected in 16 (4.3%) out of 376 stool samples. Based on the hexon hypervariable region (HVR), B, C, and F HADV species including five types HAdV-1, 2, 3, 6, and 41 were identified, among which enteric AdV species F (EAdV-41) was the most dominant. Moreover, our findings showed the presence of genomic type cluster 1 (GTC1) pattern in Iranian type 41 strains, which was closely similar to the D1 prototype strain (Tak) and D28. In this regard, a recombination was found in AdV-41 strains presenting the hexon sequence that belonged to GTC1, while fiber sequence clustered with GTC2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Arashkia
- Virology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ferial Bahrami
- Virology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Farsi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Behrooz Nejati
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nateghian
- Ali-Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Rahbarimanesh
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Prevalence of Rotavirus and Adenovirus in the Childhood Gastroenteritis in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.2.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
26
|
Harb A, Abraham S, Rusdi B, Laird T, O'Dea M, Habib I. Molecular Detection and Epidemiological Features of Selected Bacterial, Viral, and Parasitic Enteropathogens in Stool Specimens from Children with Acute Diarrhea in Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16091573. [PMID: 31064051 PMCID: PMC6539995 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of etiology causes of diarrheal illness is essential for development and implementation of public health measures to prevent and control this disease syndrome. There are few published studies examining diarrhea in children aged <5 years in Iraq. This study aims to investigate the occurrences and epidemiology of selected bacterial (Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp.), viral (adenovirus, norovirus GI and GII, and astrovirus), and parasitic (Entamoeba spp. and Giardia spp.) agents in stool samples from 155 child diarrheal cases enrolled between March and August 2017, in a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Thi-Qar, southeastern Iraq. Using molecular techniques and sequence-based characterization, adenovirus was the most frequently detected enteropathogen (53/155 (34.2%)), followed by Salmonella spp. (23/155 (14.8%)), Entamoeba spp. (21/155 (13.5%)), and Campylobacter spp. (17/155 (10.9%)). Mixed infection with Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. was evident, and the same was revealed between various enteric viruses, particularly adenovirus and norovirus. The most frequent co-infection pattern was between adenovirus and Campylobacter spp., in seven cases (7/155 (4.5%)). Whole-genome sequencing-derived typing data for Salmonella isolates (n = 23) revealed that sequence type 49 was the most prevalent in this sample set (15/23 (65.2%)). To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first report on detection and identification of floR, blaCARB-2, and mphA antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolated from children in the Middle East region. Logistic regression analysis pointed to few enteropathogen-specific correlations between child age, household water source, and breastfeeding patterns in relation to the outcome of detection of individual enteropathogens. This study presents the first published molecular investigation of multiple enteropathogens among children <5 years of age in Iraq. Our data provide supporting evidence for planning of childhood diarrhea management programs. It is important to build on this study and develop future longitudinal case-control research in order to elaborate the epidemiology of enteropathogens in childhood diarrhea in Iraq.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Harb
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
- Thi-Qar Public Health Division, Ministry of Health, Nassriya 64001, Iraq.
| | - Sam Abraham
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
| | - Bertha Rusdi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
| | - Tanya Laird
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
| | - Mark O'Dea
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia. m.o'
| | - Ihab Habib
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
- High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 0203, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Primo D, Pacheco GT, Timenetsky MDCST, Luchs A. Surveillance and molecular characterization of human adenovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis in the era of rotavirus vaccine, Brazil, 2012–2017. J Clin Virol 2018; 109:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
28
|
Thakur R, Singh BB, Jindal P, Aulakh RS, Gill JPS. The Clean India Mission: Public and animal health benefits. Acta Trop 2018; 186:5-15. [PMID: 29949730 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The 'Millennium development goals' have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. This review focuses on the current status and harms of open defecation, as well as the public and animal health benefits of implementing 'The Clean India Mission' in India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Thakur
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Balbir Bagicha Singh
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Prateek Jindal
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Rabinder Singh Aulakh
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Paul Singh Gill
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qiu FZ, Shen XX, Li GX, Zhao L, Chen C, Duan SX, Guo JY, Zhao MC, Yan TF, Qi JJ, Wang L, Feng ZS, Ma XJ. Adenovirus associated with acute diarrhea: a case-control study. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:450. [PMID: 30176819 PMCID: PMC6122197 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diarrhea is a major source of morbidity and mortality among young children in low-income and middle-income countries. Human adenoviruses (HAdV), particular HAdV species F (40, 41) has been recognized as important causal pathogens, however limited data exist on molecular epidemiology of other HAdV associated with acute gastroenteritis. Methods In the present preliminary study, we performed a case-control study involving 273 children who presented diarrheal disease and 361 healthy children matched control in Children’s hospital of Hebei Province (China) to investigate the relationship between non-enteric HAdV and diarrhea. HAdV were detected and quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and serotyped by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the risk factor of HAdV. Results HAdV were detected in 79 (28.94%) of 273 children with diarrhea including 7 different serotypes (HAdV 40, 41, 3, 2,1,5 and 57) with serotypes 40, 41 and 3 being the most dominant and in 26 (7.20%) of 361 healthy children containing 9 serotypes (HAdV 40, 41, 3, 2,1,5,57,6 and 31). A majority (91.14%) of HAdV positives occurred in diarrhea children and 65.38% in controls< 3 years of age. No significant difference in the viral load was found between case and control groups or between Ad41-positive patients and healthy controls. In addition to HAdV 40 and 41, HAdV 3 was also associated with diarrhea (OR = 17.301, adjusted OR = 9.205, p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results demonstrate a high diversity of HAdV present among diarrhea and healthy children and implicate that non-enteric HAdV3 may lead to diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Zhou Qiu
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.,Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xin-Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Gui-Xia Li
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.,Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Su-Xia Duan
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China.,Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Jing-Yun Guo
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Meng-Chuan Zhao
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Teng-Fei Yan
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.,Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ju-Ju Qi
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.,Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Le Wang
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China
| | - Zhi-Shan Feng
- Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, China.
| | - Xue-Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 155 Changbai Street, Chang ping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ibrahim C, Hassen A, Pothier P, Mejri S, Hammami S. Molecular detection and genotypic characterization of enteric adenoviruses in a hospital wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10977-10987. [PMID: 29404949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewater (HWW) represents a major source of the diffusion of many antibiotics and some toxic pathogenic microorganisms in the aquatic environment. Sanitation services play a critical role in controlling transmission of numerous waterborne pathogens, especially enteric human adenoviruses (HAdVs) that can cause acute gastroenteritis. This study intended to evaluate the human adenoviruses (HAdVs) detection rates, to determine the genotype of these viruses and to assess the efficiency of HAdVs removal in hospital pilot wastewater treatment plant (PWWTP) in Tunis City, Tunisia. Therefore, hospital wastewater samples (n = 102) were collected during the study year from the two biological wastewater treatment techniques: natural oxidizing ponds and the rotating biological disks or biodisks. Nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) was used to evaluate the HAdVs detection rates. The genotype of HAdVs positive samples was achieved by the sequencing of the PCR products. HAdVs were detected in 64% (65/102) of positive wastewater samples. A substantial increase in the frequencies of HAdVs was observed at the exit of the two wastewater treatment techniques studied. The typing of HAdVs species F showed the occurrence of only HAdVs type 41. This data acquired for the first time in Tunisia showed high persistence and survival of HAdVs in the two biological wastewater treatment techniques experienced, and mainly highlighted the poor virological quality of the treated wastewater intended for recycling, agriculture reuse, and discharges into the natural receiving environments. Consequently, tertiary wastewater treatment appeared necessary in this case to decrease the load of enteric viruses flowing in the water environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chourouk Ibrahim
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Treatment and Wastewater Valorization, Centre of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), 8020, Techno Park of Borj-Cédria, Tunisia.
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratory of Treatment and Wastewater Valorization, Centre of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), 8020, Techno Park of Borj-Cédria, Tunisia
| | - Pierre Pothier
- Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Centre for Enteric Viruses, University Hospital of Dijon, 21070, Dijon, France
| | - Selma Mejri
- Laboratory of Virology, University of Tunis El Manar, IRESA, Veterinary Research Institute of Tunisia, 1006, La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salah Hammami
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Manouba, IRESA, National School of Veterinary Medicine at Sidi Thabet, 2020, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guissoni ACP, Soares CMA, Badr KR, Ficcadori FS, Parente AFA, Parente JA, Baeza LC, Souza M, Cardoso DDDDP. Proteomic analysis of A-549 cells infected with human adenovirus 40 by LC-MS. Virus Genes 2018; 54:351-360. [PMID: 29546667 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human Adenoviruses (HAdVs) are etiological agents of different syndromes such as gastroenteritis, cystitis, ocular, and respiratory diseases, and infection by these viruses may cause alterations in cellular homeostasis. The objective of the study was the proteomic analysis of A-549 cells infected with HAdV-40 using LC-MS. At 30 h of infection, the quantitative analysis revealed 336 differentially expressed proteins. From them, 206 were induced (up-regulated) and 130 were suppressed (down-regulated). The majority of up-regulated proteins were related to energy, cellular organization, stress response, and apoptosis pathways. It was observed alteration of cell metabolism with increase of the glycolytic pathway, β-oxidation, and respiratory chain. Also, the results suggest cytoskeleton reorganization and apoptosis induction. The data can improve knowledge about the replication of HAdV-40 in cell culture considering the proteins related to distinct metabolic pathways induced by viral infection in A-549 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carla Peixoto Guissoni
- Human Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235, S/N, Sala 418, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605050, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria Almeida Soares
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Kareem R Badr
- Human Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235, S/N, Sala 418, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605050, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Sousa Ficcadori
- Human Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235, S/N, Sala 418, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605050, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Alves Parente
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Parente
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Lilian Cristina Baeza
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Menira Souza
- Human Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235, S/N, Sala 418, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605050, Brazil
| | - Divina das Dores de Paula Cardoso
- Human Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Rua 235, S/N, Sala 418, Setor Universitário, Goiania, Goias, 74605050, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gupta S, Krishnan A, Sharma S, Kumar P, Aneja S, Ray P. Changing pattern of prevalence, genetic diversity, and mixed infections of viruses associated with acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients in New Delhi, India. J Med Virol 2017; 90:469-476. [PMID: 29064572 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There are very few studies that have assessed multiple viral agents causing Acute-Gastroenteritis (AGE) in India. The present study compared the changing pattern of prevalence and genetic diversity of five enteric viruses associated with acute-diarrhea in Delhi children within a gap of 5 years. Fecal samples were collected from diarrheal children (<4 years) during two winter seasons: year 2009-2010 (n = 59) and year 2014-2015 (n = 85). Samples were individually tested for rotavirus-A, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and sapovirus using EIA/RT-PCR and genetically characterized by phylogenetic analysis. Rotavirus was the most predominant (54.9%) virus followed by norovirus (25.7%), astrovirus (8.3%), and adenovirus (4.9%) with rare detection of sapovirus (0.7%). While detection rate increased for both rotavirus (49.2-58.8%) and astrovirus (5.1-10.6%), norovirus detection rate decreased (30.5-22.4%) from 2009 to 2015. During the same time period, adenovirus detection remained low (4.7-5.1%). Interestingly, mixed infections increased from 8.5% to 16.5% after 5 years. G1P[8] rotavirus strain was found most predominant (40%). Both type-1 and 8 astroviruses were detected. Single sapovirus detected was of genotype GII.1. Both GI (GI.5, GI.3) and GII (GII.1, GII.4, GII.7, GII.21, GII.13) genogroups of norovirus were detected. Of particular significance was the first detection of other NoV genotypes (besides GII.4 and GI.3) in Delhi. This is also the first report of NoV GI.5 from India. A change in prevalence pattern and increased diversity from 2009 to 2015 emphasizes the need for continued enteric virus surveillance to help measure the impact of new diarrhea vaccine(s) introduced in India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Molecular Virology, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Satinder Aneja
- Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratima Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Evolution in fecal bacterial/viral composition in infants of two central African countries (Gabon and Republic of the Congo) during their first month of life. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185569. [PMID: 28968427 PMCID: PMC5624699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have analyzed the gut microbiota of child in unindustrialized countries, but none during the first month of life. Stool samples were collected from healthy newborns in hospitals of Gabon (n = 6) and Republic of the Congo (n = 9) at different time points during the first month of life: meconium, day 2 (D02), day 7 (D07) and day 28 (D28). In addition, one fecal sample was collected from each mother after delivery. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to determine the bacterial communities, and multiplex real-time PCR was used to detect the presence of seven enteric viruses (rotavirus a, adenovirus, norovirus I and II, sapovirus, astrovirus, enterovirus) in these samples. Bacterial diversity was high in the first days of life, and was dominated by the genus Prevotella. Then, it rapidly decreased and remained low up to D28 when the gut flora was composed almost exclusively of strictly anaerobic bacteria. Each infant’s fecal bacterial microbiota composition was significantly closer to that of their mother than to that of any other woman in the mothers’ group, suggesting an intrauterine, placental or amniotic fluid origin of such bacteria. Moreover, bacterial communities differed according to the delivery mode. Overall, the bacterial microbiota communities displayed a similar diversification and expansion in newborns within and between countries during the first four weeks of life. Moreover, six of the fifteen infants of this study harbored enteric viruses (rotavirus, enterovirus and adenovirus) in fecal samples, but never in the meconium. A maternal source for the viruses detected at D02 and D07 can be excluded because none of them was found also in the child’s mother. These findings improve our knowledge on the gut bacterial and viral communities of infants from two Sub-Saharan countries during their first month of life.
Collapse
|
34
|
Shih YJ, Tao CW, Tsai HC, Huang WC, Huang TY, Chen JS, Chiu YC, Hsu TK, Hsu BM. First detection of enteric adenoviruses genotype 41 in recreation spring areas of Taiwan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017. [PMID: 28639027 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are DNA viruses found in recreational water, such as water parks and swimming pools. Human adenovirus 41 (HAdV-41) is the most common serotype detected and is a leading cause of acute diarrheal disease. The focus of this study is to determine the prevalence of HAdVs in hot springs. Of 57 samples collected from four different geological sites, 16 samples have shown evidence of HAdVs (28.1%). HAdV-41 and porcine adenovirus 5 (PAdV-5) were the two types isolated, with a greater frequency of HAdV-41, which in other settings has been associated with acute diarrhea. The highest occurrence was found in private hot tubs/Yuya (37.5%), followed by an outlet of hot springs (30.8%); public pools and foot pools shared the same detection rate of 21.4% (3/14). However, there was no evidence supporting a link between water quality indicators and HAdV detection rate. From a phylogenic analysis and BLAST against the NCBI database, it was concluded that HAdV-41 obtained from hot spring areas are closely related to global environmental genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jia Shih
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Wei Tao
- Section of Respiratory Therapy, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Chi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry, Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chien Huang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medicine College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Yi Huang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chou Chiu
- General Surgery, Surgical Department, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsui-Kang Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bing-Mu Hsu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Luchs A, Madalosso G, Cilli A, Morillo SG, Martins SR, de Souza KAF, Namiyama GM, Gonçalves CR, Carmona RDCC, Timenetsky MDCST. Outbreak of G2P[4] rotavirus gastroenteritis in a retirement community, Brazil, 2015: An important public health risk? Geriatr Nurs 2017; 38:283-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Li P, Yang L, Guo J, Zou W, Xu X, Yang X, Du X, Qiu S, Song H. Circulation of HAdV-41 with diverse genome types and recombination in acute gastroenteritis among children in Shanghai. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3548. [PMID: 28615624 PMCID: PMC5471248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus F (HAdV-F) is one of the major causative species detected in acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. HAdV-F is composed of serotypes 40 and 41. Most studies have reported the prevalence of HAdV-41 and focused on its epidemiologic characteristics. In this study, seventeen samples were identified as HAdV-41 out of 273 fecal specimens from children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai. Five isolates were isolated and subjected to whole genome sequencing and analysis to characterize the genetic variation and evolution. Full genome analysis revealed low genetic variation (99.07-99.92% identity) among the isolates, and InDels are observed in the E2A gene and the hexon gene compared to the reference strain NIVD103. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all isolates mainly formed two genome-type clusters but with incongruence in the trees of whole genomes and individual genes. The recombination breakpoints of the five isolates were inferred by the Recombination Detection Program (RDP) and varied in the number and location of the recombination events, indicating different evolution origins. Overall, our study highlights the genetic diversity of HAdV-41 isolates circulating in Shanghai, which may have evolved from inter-strain recombination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- Shanghai Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Wenwei Zou
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Xuebin Xu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200236, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xinying Du
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Shaofu Qiu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Hongbin Song
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
ÇOLAK M, BOZDAYI G, ALTAY A, YALAKİ Z, AHMED K, ÖZKAN S. Detection and molecular characterisation of adenovirus in children under 5 years old with diarrhoea. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1463-1471. [DOI: 10.3906/sag-1510-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
38
|
Banerjee A, De P, Manna B, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus genotypes 40 and 41 identified in children with acute gastroenteritis in Kolkata, India during 2013-2014. J Med Virol 2016; 89:606-614. [PMID: 27584661 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Human enteric adenovirus (HAdV) belonging to species F is one of the most common pathogens responsible for infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. This study was initiated to estimate prevalence and types of HAdV among children below 5 years of age seeking health care facility for treatment of diarrhea in Kolkata, Eastern India. A total of 1,562 stool specimens were tested during 2013-2014 and among them, 185 (11.8%) were positive for enteric HAdV. Maximum number of positive cases were observed among children between 6 and 12 months of age (13.9%). HAdV infection occurred at a low frequency throughout the year, with an increased incidence in the month of March-July in both the years. Among HAdV positive samples (n = 185), 44.8% showed coinfection with rotavirus. Genotyping based on hypervariable region of hexon and partial shaft region of fiber genes, revealed prevalence of HAdV-40 over HAdV-41 genotype during this study period. Nucleotide sequence analysis of HAdV-40 strains exhibited more than 99% similarity among themselves and 98.5% with the prototype strain Dugan. Sequence analysis of six hypervariable regions (HVRs) of hexon genes from all the HAdV-41 strains revealed co-circulation of both genome type cluster 1(GTC1) and GTC2. The presence of both types of GTCs reflects accumulation of amino acid (aa) mutations in HVR of hexon gene. A recombination event was evident in a subset of HAdV-41 strains where hexon gene belonged to GTC1 whereas, fiber gene clustered with GTC2. Sequence analysis of fiber gene shaft region of HAdV-41 strains revealed 15 aa deletion from the 15th repeat motif. J. Med. Virol. 89:606-614, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Papiya De
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Byomkesh Manna
- Division of Data Management and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Olalemi A, Purnell S, Caplin J, Ebdon J, Taylor H. The application of phage-based faecal pollution markers to predict the concentration of adenoviruses in mussels (Mytilus edulis) and their overlying waters. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1152-62. [PMID: 27377287 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study set out to determine whether phage-based indicators may provide a 'low-tech' alternative to existing approaches that might help maintain the microbial safety of shellfish and their overlying waters. METHODS AND RESULTS Mussels and their overlying waters were collected biweekly from an estuary in southeast England over a 2-year period (May 2013-April 2015) (n = 48). Levels of bacterial indicators were determined using membrane filtration and most probable number methods and those of bacteriophages were determined by direct plaque assay. The detection of adenovirus was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that somatic coliphages demonstrated the most significant correlations with AdV F and G in mussels (ρ = 0·55) and overlying waters (ρ = 0·66), followed by GB124 phages (ρ = 0·43) while Escherichia coli showed no correlation with AdV F and G in mussels. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the use of somatic coliphages and GB124 phages may provide a better indication of the risk of adenovirus contamination of mussels and their overlying waters than existing bacterial indicators. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Phage-based detection may be particularly advantageous in low-resource settings where viral infectious disease presents a significant burden to human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Olalemi
- Environment and Public Health Research Group, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, UK. .,Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | - S Purnell
- Environment and Public Health Research Group, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, UK
| | - J Caplin
- Environment and Public Health Research Group, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, UK
| | - J Ebdon
- Environment and Public Health Research Group, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, UK
| | - H Taylor
- Environment and Public Health Research Group, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Khoshdel A, Parvin N, Doosti A, Famouri F. Prevalence of Nosocomial Diarrhea Due to Adenoviruses 40 and 41 in a Paediatric Ward in Iran. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH : JCDR 2016; 9:SC15-7. [PMID: 26816963 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/15353.6976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric adenoviruses 40 (Ad40) and adenovirus 41 (Ad41) have been shown to be a significant cause of paediatric gastroenteritis worldwide, but no data are available for nosocomial diarrhea due to adenovirus in Iran. AIM The present study was performed to determine the incidence of Ad40 and Ad41 in children less than five years with nosocomial diarrhea in Shahrekord, southwest Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adenovirus was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in stool samples collected during one year (2010-2011) from children less than five years with nosocomial diarrhea admitted to a paediatric center in Shahrekord, Iran. Nosocomial diarrhea was defined as those occurring more than 72 hours after admission to hospital for non-diarrheal causes. PCR technique was used for investigation of Ad40 and Ad41. RESULTS In total of 100 samples, Ad40 and Ad41 DNA was found to be positive in 14/100 (14%), and 8/100 (8%) of diarrheic patients less than five years, respectively. CONCLUSION Ad40 and Ad41 are important causes of nosocomial diarrhea in less than five-year, hospitalized Iranian children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Khoshdel
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Neda Parvin
- Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Assistant Professor, Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Branch , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Famouri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reis TAV, Assis ASF, do Valle DA, Barletta VH, de Carvalho IP, Rose TL, Portes SAR, Leite JPG, da Rosa e Silva ML. The role of human adenoviruses type 41 in acute diarrheal disease in Minas Gerais after rotavirus vaccination. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:243-50. [PMID: 26887251 PMCID: PMC4822746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus species F (HAdV-F) type 40 and 41 are commonly associated with acute diarrheal disease (ADD) across the world. Despite being the largest state in southeastern Brazil and having the second largest number of inhabitants, there is no information in the State of Minas Gerais regarding the role of HAdV-F in the etiology of ADD. This study was performed to determine the prevalence, to verify the epidemiological aspects of infection, and to characterize the strains of human adenoviruses (HAdV) detected. A total of 377 diarrheal fecal samples were obtained between January 2007 and August 2011 from inpatient and outpatient children of age ranging from 0 to 12 years. All samples were previously tested for rotavirus, norovirus, and astrovirus, and 314 of 377 were negative. The viral DNA was extracted, amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and the HAdV-positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square test (p < 0.05), considering two conditions: the total of samples tested (377) and the total of negative samples for the remaining viruses tested (314). The overall prevalence of HAdV was 12.47% (47/377); and in 76.60% (36/47) of the positive samples, this virus was the only infectious agent detected. The phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of 32 positive samples revealed that they all clustered with the HAdV-F type 41. The statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between the onset of the HAdV infection and the origin of the samples (inpatients or outpatients) in the two conditions tested: the total of samples tested (p = 0.598) and the total of negative samples for the remaining viruses tested (p = 0.614). There was a significant association in the occurrence of infection in children aged 0–12 months for the condition 1 (p = 0.030) as well as condition 2 (p = 0.019). The occurrence of infections due to HAdV did not coincide with a pattern of seasonal distribution. These data indicate the significant involvement of HAdV-F type 41 in the etiology of ADD in Minas Gerais, which demonstrates the importance of other viral agents in the development of the disease after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine immunization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Aparecida Vieira Reis
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Andrêssa Silvino Ferreira Assis
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Almeida do Valle
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Vívian Honorato Barletta
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Iná Pires de Carvalho
- Virology Department, Institute of Microbiology Prof. Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Lundgren Rose
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Luzia da Rosa e Silva
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nakamura N, Kobayashi S, Minagawa H, Matsushita T, Sugiura W, Iwatani Y. Molecular epidemiology of enteric viruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Aichi prefecture, Japan, 2008/09−2013/14. J Med Virol 2015; 88:1180-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Nakamura
- Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health; Nagoya Aichi Japan
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Aichi Japan
- Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center; Nagoya Aichi Japan
| | | | - Hiroko Minagawa
- Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health; Nagoya Aichi Japan
| | | | - Wataru Sugiura
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Aichi Japan
- Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center; Nagoya Aichi Japan
| | - Yasumasa Iwatani
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Aichi Japan
- Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center; Nagoya Aichi Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kosulin K, Geiger E, Vécsei A, Huber WD, Rauch M, Brenner E, Wrba F, Hammer K, Innerhofer A, Pötschger U, Lawitschka A, Matthes-Leodolter S, Fritsch G, Lion T. Persistence and reactivation of human adenoviruses in the gastrointestinal tract. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 22:381.e1-381.e8. [PMID: 26711435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of persistent human adenoviruses (HAdVs) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Although invasive HAdV infections mainly arise from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the specific sites of HAdV persistence are not well characterised. We prospectively screened biopsies from 143 non-HSCT paediatric patients undergoing GI endoscopy and monitored serial stool specimens from 148 paediatric HSCT recipients for the presence of HAdV by real-time PCR. Persistence of HAdV in the GI tract was identified in 31% of children, with the highest prevalence in the terminal ileum. In situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry identified HAdV persistence in lymphoid cells of the lamina propria, whereas biopsies from five transplant recipients revealed high numbers of replicating HAdV in intestinal epithelial cells. The prevalence of HAdV species, the frequencies of persistence in the GI tract and reactivations post transplant indicated a correlation of intestinal HAdV shedding pre-transplant with high risk of invasive infection. HAdV persistence in the GI tract is a likely origin of infectious complications in immunocompromised children. Intestinal lymphocytes represent a reservoir for HAdV persistence and reactivation, whereas the intestinal epithelium is the main site of viral proliferation preceding dissemination. The findings have important implications for assessing the risk of life-threatening invasive HAdV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kosulin
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Geiger
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Vécsei
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - W-D Huber
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rauch
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Brenner
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Wrba
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Hammer
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - U Pötschger
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - G Fritsch
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lekana-Douki SE, Kombila-Koumavor C, Nkoghe D, Drosten C, Drexler JF, Leroy EM. Molecular epidemiology of enteric viruses and genotyping of rotavirus A, adenovirus and astrovirus among children under 5 years old in Gabon. Int J Infect Dis 2015; 34:90-5. [PMID: 25796432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prevalence of enteric viruses causing gastroenteritis, and the circulating stains, in Gabonese children under five years old who visited health centers between March 2010 and June 2011. METHODS Stool specimens were collected and sent for analysis to CIRMF (Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville). Stools were screened for six enteric viruses (rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus I and II, sapovirus, human astrovirus) by means of a multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Rotavirus A, Adenovirus and Astrovirus were genotyped. RESULTS Among the 317 specimens analyzed, 193 (60.9%) were positive for at least one enteric virus. Rotavirus A (RVA) (27.1%) was the most frequently detected virus, followed by human Adenovirus (HAdV) (19.6%), Norovirus II (NoVs-II) (13.9%), Norovirus I (NoVs-I) (9.1%), Sapovirus (SaV) (9.5%) and human Astrovirus (HAstV) (6.3%). One-third of the 193 positive samples contained more than one virus. The most common Rotavirus A genotype was G6P[6]. Various HAdV serotypes were found. HAstV-1 was identified. CONCLUSIONS These findings improve our knowledge of circulating enteric viruses in Gabon. The emergence of unusual G6P[6] strain of rotavirus A, predominant, suggested a particular epidemiological surveillance of circulating rotavirus strains during the introduction of vaccination in Gabon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dieudonné Nkoghe
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; Ministère de la Santé Publique, BP 5978 Libreville, Gabon.
| | | | | | - Eric M Leroy
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; UMR (IRD 224 /CNRS 5290 / UM1-UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Elnady HG, Sherif LS, Saleh MT, El-Alameey IR, Youssef MM, El Shafie AI, Helwa I, Raouf HA, El-Taweel AN. Prediction of Gut Wall Integrity Loss in Viral Gastroenteritis by Non-Invasive Marker. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3:37-45. [PMID: 27275194 PMCID: PMC4877786 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intestinal fatty acid binding proteins (I-FABPs) are mainly expressed in the intestinal villi, which are the initial site of destruction in viral gastroenteritis. AIM: This study was designed to assess serum I-FABPs as a predictor of gut wall integrity loss in viral gastroenteritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case-control cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 cases of acute viral gastroenteritis. Twenty-eight healthy children matching in age were recruited as control group. Serum I-FABPs were measured using ELISA technique. Viral detection and typing were done by PCR for adenovirus, and by Reverse transcriptase PCR for rotavirus, astrovirus and norovirus. RESULTS: Serum I-FABPs level was significantly higher in the cases compared to the controls and was also higher in the 46 rotavirus gastroenteritis cases compared to other viral gastroenteritis cases. Serum I- FABPs level was significantly higher in severely dehydrated cases as compared to mildly dehydrated ones (P=0.037). CONCLUSION: Serum I-FABPs could be used as an early and sensitive predictor marker of gut wall integrity loss in children with viral gastroenteritis and its level can indicate case severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hala G Elnady
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna S Sherif
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maysa T Saleh
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mai M Youssef
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal I El Shafie
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Helwa
- Immunogenetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed N El-Taweel
- Environment Virology Laboratory and Water Pollution Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Moyo SJ, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Nordbø SA, Maselle S, Langeland N. Prevalence and molecular characterisation of human adenovirus in diarrhoeic children in Tanzania; a case control study. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:666. [PMID: 25495029 PMCID: PMC4266963 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes acute diarrhoea sporadically, as well as in outbreaks. Understanding the prevalence and types of HAdV in diarrhoea is important for control and preventive measures, especially in the African region where there is a high burden of diarrhoeal disease. The present study assessed the prevalence, molecular characteristics, seasonality and associated clinical features of HAdV infection Tanzanian children below two years of age with and without diarrhoea between 2010-2011. METHODS Stool specimens, demographic and clinical information were collected in 690 cases and 545 controls. All stool samples were screened for HAdV-antigen using ELISA. Positive samples subsequently underwent real-time PCR and sequencing for molecular typing. RESULTS HAdV was detected in 37 children, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.5% (24/690) in diarrhoeic and 2.4% (13/545) in non-diarrhoeic children (P > 0.05). Among HAdV-infected children, the median age was significantly lower in diarrhoeic than in non-diarrhoeic children (10 vs. 14 months, P˂0.001). More than half of HAdV infected (54.2%) were dehydrated as compared to diarrhoeic children without HAdV (45.8%, P = 0.01). The proportion of the enteric HAdV type 40/41 in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic children was (50.0%, 12/24) and (46.2%, 6/13) respectively. Other HAdV types detected were; 1, 2, 7, 18, 19 and 31. The prevalence of adenovirus was not significantly different between rainy and dry seasons. HAdV was not detected in the 33 known HIV positive children. There was no significant association between HAdV infection and gender, nutritional status of the child and parent educational level. CONCLUSION The present study provides further evidence of the contribution of adenovirus in causing gastroenteritis in young children, with symptomatic infection being significantly more prevalent in children below one year. We found similar prevalence of adenovirus in non-diarrhoeic children and in diarrhoeic children. This first report on molecular epidemiology of human adenovirus in Tanzania observed diversity of HAdV types that circulate the study setting. The study findings suggest that HAdV is not an important cause of diarrhoea in young HIV-positive children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina John Moyo
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tracking novel adenovirus in environmental and human clinical samples: no evidence of endemic human adenovirus type 58 circulation in Córdoba city, Argentina. Epidemiol Infect 2014; 143:1427-31. [PMID: 25165987 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268814002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several types of human adenovirus (HAdV) have arisen from the recombination between two or more previously known HAdV types, but their epidemiology is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the circulation of HAdV-58, a recently described HAdV isolated from an HIV-positive patient in Córdoba city, Argentina. For this purpose, a 30-month survey was conducted to study the presence of this type of adenovirus in sewage samples collected at the inlet from a wastewater treatment plant in Córdoba city, Argentina. Complementarily, the virus was sought in stools of HIV-positive patients. Although HAdVs were detected in human stool samples and in a high percentage of sewage samples, no evidence of HAdV-58 circulation was detected. We suggest that there is no endemic circulation of HAdV-58 in the geographical local area. The trend is that the number of identified HAdVs increases over time. In this context, understanding the current circulating HAdVs may be biologically relevant.
Collapse
|
48
|
Ao YY, Yu JM, Li LL, Jin M, Duan ZJ. Detection of human norovirus GIV.1 in China: a case report. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:298-301. [PMID: 25151627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Noroviruses (NoVs) are a common cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) around the world; however, reports of genogroup IV (GIV) NoVs are rare. Here we report a human GIV genotype 1 (GIV.1) NoV strain (named CHNNGIV2011) identified by 454 high-throughput sequencing from stool samples of children with diarrhea. This is the first documented human GIV.1 NoVs infection in China. The complete genome of the virus is 7525 nucleotides in length. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses showed that CHNNGIV2011 shared high sequence similarity to other GIV.1 NoVs from all over the world, especially to the recently reported NoV GIV.1 strain Lake Macquarie genome (99.0%). By seminested PCR and real-time PCR, a total of 2 out of 466 samples were positive for GIV.1 CHNNGIV2011 in Lulong County, Hebei Province, China, which supported a low prevalence of GIV.1 NoVs. The positive samples contained 7.2×10(7) and 2.6×10(8)copies/g in feces. In addition, one positive sample was found coinfection with strains NoV GII and salivirus. These findings suggest more study is needed to address the worldwide prevalence and role of GIV NoVs in AGE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yun Ao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Jie-mei Yu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Li-li Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Miao Jin
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Zhao-jun Duan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Arcangeletti MC, Germini D, Martorana D, Rodighiero I, De Conto F, Medici MC, Chezzi C, Calderaro A. High frequency of cultivable human subgroup F adenoviruses in stool samples from a paediatric population admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis. J Med Microbiol 2014; 63:812-818. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.072413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Adenoviridae consists of five genera of which the genus Mastadenovirus includes human viruses classified into 57 serotypes clustered into seven subgroups (A–G). Serotypes 40 and 41 (subgroup F) are specifically associated with childhood gastroenteritis and are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children after rotaviruses and noroviruses. Standard methods for laboratory diagnosis of adenovirus infection include electron microscopy (EM) and conventional cell culture (CCC), although it is widely considered that adenoviruses 40 and 41 are difficult to cultivate, such that their circulation is most likely underestimated. One hundred and ten faecal specimens from paediatric patients with gastroenteritis were confirmed positive for adenovirus by EM and/or CCC at the Virology Unit of the University Hospital of Parma, Italy, during the period January 2010–December 2012. They were analysed to determine the actual prevalence of adenovirus 40 and 41 in these patients using PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis, and to evaluate their ability to be cultivated in standard cell lines. The results showed a high prevalence of subgroup F (62.7 %), with serotype 41 (89.8 %) predominating over serotype 40 (10.2 %). Surprisingly, among the 75 adenoviruses isolated by CCC, 37 (49 %) belonged to subgroup F, suggesting a higher capacity of adenovirus 40 and 41 to replicate in cell culture than previously thought. PCR and restriction enzyme techniques provide an efficient means of diagnosing enteric adenoviruses correctly, including subgroup F adenovirus strains in young children with gastroenteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Cristina Arcangeletti
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Diego Germini
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Martorana
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Isabella Rodighiero
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Flora De Conto
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria-Cristina Medici
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Chezzi
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Adriana Calderaro
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
The prevalence of IgG and IgA against adenoviruses in serum of children aged 11-26 months, hospitalised in the Clinical Paediatric Hospital in Warsaw, Poland. Cent Eur J Immunol 2014; 39:91-5. [PMID: 26155106 PMCID: PMC4439974 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2014.42131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are widely spread viruses causing infections related mainly to children. Contact with the pathogen may result in the presence of either immunoglobulin (Ig) A or IgG antibodies in the serum. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of IgA and IgG antibodies against adenoviruses in serum of children aged 11-27 months, hospitalised at the Public Children's Clinical Hospital in Warsaw. Immunoassay tests DRG Adenovirus IgA ELISA and IgG DRG Adenovirus ELISA detecting antibodies against all pathogenic serotypes of adenoviruses were performed in 128 sera samples. A low percentage of positive results for both immunoglobulins, 17 cases (13.28%) for IgA and 16 cases (12.50%) for IgG antibodies respectively were reported. We conclude, that the prevalence of antibodies against adenoviruses does not coincide with epidemiological data on the spread of infections among young children. The assays performed may be more useful in distinguishing the active form of the infection from seropositivity due to prior infection.
Collapse
|