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Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Characterisation of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Strains Isolated from Human Bloodstream and Diabetic Foot Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415476. [PMID: 36555117 PMCID: PMC9778964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently described coagulase-negative Staphylococcus identified in human diseases, especially in infections of foot ulcers in patients living with diabetes mellitus. To date, its pathogenicity remains underexplored. In this study, whole-genome analysis was performed on a collection of 29 S. pettenkoferi clinical strains isolated from bloodstream and diabetic foot infections with regard to their phylogenetic relationships and comprehensive analysis of their resistome and virulome. Their virulence was explored by their ability to form biofilm, their growth kinetics and in an in vivo zebrafish embryo infection model. Our results identified two distinct clades (I and II) and two subclades (I-a and I-b) with notable genomic differences. All strains had a slow bacterial growth. Three profiles of biofilm formation were noted, with 89.7% of isolates able to produce biofilm and harbouring a high content of biofilm-encoding genes. Two virulence profiles were also observed in the zebrafish model irrespective of the strains' origin or biofilm profile. Therefore, this study brings new insights in S. pettenkoferi pathogenicity.
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2
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Hadano Y, Hijikata T, Miura A, Fujii S, Awaya Y. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Japan: Report of three cases. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1424-1426. [PMID: 35724914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) species first isolated in 2002. Human infections caused by S. pettenkoferi are rare. We herein report three cases of S. pettenkoferi bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi can be a causative pathogen of catheter related blood stream infection including complicated infection, and unknown source of bacteremia. All of the patients presented with fever and shaking chills, and good clinical outcome. Further research is needed to determine the role of this organism as a pathogen and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Hadano
- Antimicrobial Stewardship Team, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo Shimane, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Hijikata
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Data Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayako Miura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Fujii
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukikazu Awaya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Gisriel SD, Jacobs JW. The first reported case of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi prosthetic joint infection. Microbes Infect 2022; 24:104978. [PMID: 35421570 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2022.104978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are among the most frequent causes of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, a coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species first described in 2002, has been detected in fewer than 20 patients with true infection (15 cases of bacteremia and 1 case of osteomyelitis). This organism has never been implicated in a PJI, likely owing in part to the difficulty in identification via biochemical methods. S. pettenkoferi is almost universally reported to be a contaminant when detected. We report the first case of a PJI caused by S. pettenkoferi, highlighting its infectious potential in specific patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savanah D Gisriel
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Jeremy W Jacobs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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4
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Kierzkowska M, Markowska K, Majewska A. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Staphylococcus pettenkoferi. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:112-120. [PMID: 35200442 PMCID: PMC8872105 DOI: 10.3390/idr14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, first described in 2002. Using medical databases, i.e., Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, and Embase, we identified and analysed research, reports, and opinions dealing with S. pettenkoferi. Published data allow us to conclude that S. pettenkoferi is a human commensal, opportunistic bacterium and may be isolated from the environment and animals. The involvement of S. pettenkoferi in bloodstream infection and osteomyelitis has been described, but its clinical relevance is not fully understood, so far. This work summarizes knowledge about S. pettenkoferi and reveals the difficulties and rules for interpreting the results of microbiological tests, when S. pettenkoferi has been identified in the blood sample. Clinical and laboratory criteria, recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the third international consensus definitions of sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3), are important to determine whether the presence of bacteria in the sample is a consequence of an infection, contamination from the environment, or translocation of the bacteria outside the place of its natural existence. The precise identification of bacteria from the blood sample and recognizing the true bacteraemia are critical to implement the appropriate procedures and make decisions concerning the patient’s medical care.
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Investigating Pathogenicity and Virulence of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi: An Emerging Pathogen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413614. [PMID: 34948410 PMCID: PMC8704685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus identified in 2002 that has been implicated in human diseases as an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium. Its multiresistant character is becoming a major health problem, yet the pathogenicity of S. pettenkoferi is poorly characterized. In this study, the pathogenicity of a S. pettenkoferi clinical isolate from diabetic foot osteomyelitis was compared with a Staphylococcus aureus strain in various in vitro and in vivo experiments. Growth kinetics were compared against S. aureus, and bacteria survival was assessed in the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line, the THP-1 human leukemia monocytic cell line, and the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line. Ex vivo analysis was performed in whole blood survival assays and in vivo assays via the infection model of zebrafish embryos. Moreover, whole-genome analysis was performed. Our results show that S. pettenkoferi was able to survive in human blood, human keratinocytes, murine macrophages, and human macrophages. S. pettenkoferi demonstrated its virulence by causing substantial embryo mortality in the zebrafish model. Genomic analysis revealed virulence factors such as biofilm-encoding genes (e.g., icaABCD; rsbUVW) and regulator-encoding genes (e.g., agr, mgrA, sarA, saeS) well characterized in S. aureus. This study thus advances the knowledge of this under-investigated pathogen and validates the zebrafish infection model for this bacterium.
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The clinical significance of staphylococcus pettenkoferi: a retrospective review at a tertiary care medical center. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 102:115592. [PMID: 34839128 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently described coagulase-negative staphylococcal pathogen. We retrospectively reviewed 25 cases in which S. pettenkoferi was identified in routine cultures (12 blood, 13 other). Most were found with commensal flora and considered clinically insignificant, but its significance was uncertain in two cases from non-healing, deep foot wounds.
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Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Bacteremia in an American Intensive Care Unit. Case Rep Infect Dis 2021; 2021:5235691. [PMID: 34631179 PMCID: PMC8494585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5235691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are considered the most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections; yet, these species are frequently designated as contaminants in the absence of systemic signs and symptoms of infection. Immunocompromised patients or those with prosthetic devices are at increased risk for clinically significant bacteremia. With the advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in clinical practice, there has been improved specificity of CoNS isolate identification and further elucidation of underrecognized pathogenic species. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was a novel CoNS species first identified in 2002 and thought to be misdiagnosed as other CoNS due to limitations in biochemical identification. There is increasing identification of S. pettenkoferi isolates; however, there are limited case reports of clinically significant S. pettenkoferi bacteremia and no reported cases within the United States. We present the first known case of S. pettenkoferi from an American intensive care unit.
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Michalik M, Samet A, Podbielska-Kubera A, Savini V, Międzobrodzki J, Kosecka-Strojek M. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a significant etiological factor of laryngological infections: a review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020; 19:26. [PMID: 32498711 PMCID: PMC7271473 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article shows that coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are widely responsible for laryngological diseases. General characteristics of CoNS infections are shown in the introduction, and the pathogenicity in terms of virulence determinants, biofilm formation and genetic regulation mechanisms of these bacteria is presented in the first part of the paper to better display the virulence potential of staphylococci. The PubMed search keywords were as follows: CoNS and: nares infections, nasal polyps, rhinosinusitis, necrosing sinusitis, periprosthetic joint infection, pharyngitis, osteomyelitis of skull and neck bones, tonsillitis and recurrent tonsillitis. A list of laryngological infections and those related to skull and neck bones was presented with descriptions of the following diseases: rhinosinusitis, necrotizing sinusitis, nasal polyps, nares and nasal skin infections, periprosthetic joint infections, osteomyelitis, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis. Species identification and diagnostic problems challenging for diagnosticians are presented. Concluding remarks regarding the presence of CoNS in humans and their distribution, particularly under the effect of facilitating factors, are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Savini
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara, PE, Italy
| | - Jacek Międzobrodzki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maja Kosecka-Strojek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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Shi MM, Monsel A, Rouby JJ, Xu YP, Zhu YG, Qu JM. Inoculation Pneumonia Caused by Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2198. [PMID: 31636610 PMCID: PMC6787291 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Although frequently retrieved in tracheal secretions of critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation, the existence of pneumonia caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) remains controversial. Objective To assess whether Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) inoculated in mice’s trachea can infect normal lung parenchyma, increasing concentrations of S. haemolyticus were intratracheally administered in 221 immunocompetent mice. Methods Each animal received intratracheally phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (n = 43) or live (n = 141) or inactivated (n = 37) S. haemolyticus at increasing load: 1.0 × 106, 1.0 × 107, and 1.0 × 108 colony forming units (CFU). Forty-three animals were sacrificed at 12 h and 178 were sacrificed at 36 h; 64 served for post-mortem lung histology, 157 served for pre-mortem bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis, and 42 served for post-mortem quantitative bacteriology of lung tissue. The distribution of biofilm-associated genes was investigated in the S. haemolyticus strain used in our in vivo experiment as well as among 19 other clinical S. haemolyticus strains collected from hospitals or nursing houses. Measurements and Main Results Intratracheal inoculation of 1.0 × 108 CFU live S. haemolyticus caused macroscopic and histological confluent pneumonia with significant increase in BAL white cell count, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2. At 12 h, high concentrations of S. haemolyticus were identified in BAL. At 36 h, lung injury and BAL inflammation were less severe than at 12 h and moderate concentrations of species belonging to the oropharyngeal flora were identified in lung tissue. The inoculation of 1.0 × 106 and 1.0 × 107 CFU live S. haemolyticus caused histologic interstitial pneumonia and moderate BAL inflammation. Similar results were observed after inoculation of inactivated S. haemolyticus. Moreover, biofilm formation was a common phenotype in S. haemolyticus isolates. The low prevalence of the ica operon in our clinical S. haemolyticus strain collection indicated icaA and icaD independent-biofilm formation. Conclusion In immunocompetent spontaneously breathing mice, inoculation of S. haemolyticus causes concentration-dependent lung infection that spontaneously recovers over time. icaA and icaD independent biofilm formation is a common phenotype in S. haemolyticus isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Antoine Monsel
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR-S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France.,Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Rouby
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Yan-Ping Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Gang Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Ming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome, collective microbial life in defined areas of the body, is of great importance. OBJECTIVE What is the significance of the wound microbiome in the treatment of chronic wounds? Which interactions exist with other microbiomes and which conclusions can be drawn for wound management? MATERIALS AND METHODS Swabs or debridement samples from wounds were analysed for microbial growth by culture or gene-based techniques. The genetic results are used to determine the wound microbiome. The pathogens were evaluated according to proportion of different species and related to different factors like type and location of wound, disease and underlying illnesses and to define the wound microbiome. RESULTS In comparison with conventional microbiological detection methods the wound microbiome comprises many more types and quantities of species. The wound microbiome is related to skin microbiome showing complex and time-dependent composition, as well as inter- and intraindividual differences. Diabetic wounds exhibit disease-related changes, e.g. staphylococcal species dominate whereas streptococcal species dominate in nondiabetic wounds. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of wound microbiome is still at an early stage; however it has already been shown that in hemodynamic disorders there are disease-specific relationships with the wound microbiome, which can also provide clues about the course of the disease. Phenomena from the skin microbiome should also be effective in wounds. In this context modern antimicrobial treatment options beyond conventional chemotherapy like colonization modulation become possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Daeschlein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Sauerbruchstr. 1-4, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland.
| | - Peter Hinz
- Klinik für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
| | - Thomas Kiefer
- Rehabilitationszentrum für Innere Medizin, Rüdersdorf b. Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Michael Jünger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Sauerbruchstr. 1-4, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland
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Otieno V, Xie G, Cheng Q, Daligault H, Davenport K, Gleasner C, Jacobs L, Kubicek-Sutherland J, LeCuyer T, Raballah E, Doggett N, Mukundan H, McMahon B, Perkins DJ. Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Strain SMA0010-04 (UGA20), a Clinical Isolate from Siaya County Referral Hospital in Siaya, Kenya. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:e01626-18. [PMID: 31023805 PMCID: PMC6486262 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01626-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the sequence of a Staphylococcus pettenkoferi clinical isolate, strain SMA0010-04 (UGA20), which contains the PC1 beta-lactamase (blaZ) gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Otieno
- University of New Mexico Laboratories of Parasitic and Viral Diseases, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Gary Xie
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Qiuying Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Hajnalka Daligault
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Karen Davenport
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Cheryl Gleasner
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Lindsey Jacobs
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jessica Kubicek-Sutherland
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Tessa LeCuyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Evans Raballah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Norman Doggett
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Harshini Mukundan
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Benjamin McMahon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Douglas J Perkins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Global Health, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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12
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Kang H, Ryoo N. Identification of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Isolated from Blood Culture. ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.5145/acm.2019.22.3.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Namhee Ryoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Dutta TK, Chakraborty S, Das M, Mandakini R, Vanrahmlimphuii, Roychoudhury P, Ghorai S, Behera SK. Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolated from cat in India. Vet World 2018; 11:1380-1384. [PMID: 30532490 PMCID: PMC6247871 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1380-1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are considered to be one of the emerging pathogens in human and animals in recent times. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, a novel pathogen under CoNS, is discovered in 2002 in humans with multiple clinical manifestations in various patients. To date, the pathogens have not yet been reported from any animals. The present study reported the first ever isolation, identification, and characterization of multidrug-resistant S. pettenkoferi from a cat with peritonitis in India. Materials and Methods: Peritoneal fluid was collected aseptically from 3 years old cat processed for bacteriological culture by standard techniques. Isolates were confirmed by BD Phoenix™ automated bacterial identification system and were subjected to plate and tube coagulase tests. All the isolates were tested for antimicrobial sensitivity profile by disc diffusion assay, extended-spectrum β-lactamase production by double disc diffusion assay, in vitro biofilm production ability by microtiter plate assay, and detection of virulence genes and mecA gene by polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: A total of five clonally expanded isolates of S. pettenkoferi were isolated from peritoneal fluid of the affected cat. All the isolates were resistant against 36 antimicrobial agents and were also methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Phenotypically, all the isolates were negative for biofilm production but were carrying multiple biofilm-producing genes (icaA, IS257, nuc, and mecA). Conclusion: Although S. pettenkoferi was previously reported once from animal (cat) environment, this is probably the first ever report of isolation of the organism directly from any animals. This is also probably the first report from any species in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kumar Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Satyaki Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Malay Das
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Central Agricultural University-Imphal, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Rajkumari Mandakini
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University-Imphal, Jalukie, Nagaland-India
| | - Vanrahmlimphuii
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Parimal Roychoudhury
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Santanu Ghorai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Central Agricultural University-Imphal, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
| | - Suvendu Kumar Behera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Central Agricultural University-Imphal, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India
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14
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Månsson E, Hellmark B, Stegger M, Skytt Andersen P, Sundqvist M, Söderquist B. Genomic relatedness of Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolates of different origins. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:601-608. [PMID: 28530888 PMCID: PMC5817227 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to characterize clinical and environmental Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolates with regard to genomic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Repetitive-sequence-based PCR and core genome phylogenetic analysis of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data verified the presence of distinct clades comprising closely related S. pettenkoferi isolates from different geographical locations and origins. Methodology Phylogenetic relationships between 25 S. pettenkoferi isolates collected from blood cultures and intra-operative air sampling were determined by repetitive-sequence-based PCR typing and analysis of ~157 000 SNPs identified in the core genome after WGS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and tests for biofilm production (microtitre plate assay) were performed. Results Repetitive-sequence-based PCR as well as WGS data demonstrated the close relatedness of clinically significant blood culture isolates to probable contaminants, as well as to environmental isolates. Antibiotic-susceptibility testing demonstrated a low level of antimicrobial resistance. The mecA gene was present in two cefoxitin-resistant isolates. No isolates were found to produce biofilm. Conclusion Close genomic relatedness of S. pettenkoferi isolates from different geographical locations and origins were found within clades, but with substantial genomic difference between the two major clades. The ecological niche of S. pettenkoferi remains unconfirmed, but the presence of S. pettenkoferi in the air of the operating field favours the suggestion of a role in skin flora. Identification of S. pettenkoferi in clinical samples should, in a majority of cases, most likely be regarded as a probable contamination, and its role as a possible pathogen in immunocompromised hosts remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeli Månsson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Hospital of Västmanland Västerås, SE-721 89 Västerås, Sweden.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hellmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Marc Stegger
- Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Sundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderquist
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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Loesche M, Gardner SE, Kalan L, Horwinski J, Zheng Q, Hodkinson BP, Tyldsley AS, Franciscus CL, Hillis SL, Mehta S, Margolis DJ, Grice EA. Temporal Stability in Chronic Wound Microbiota Is Associated With Poor Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:237-244. [PMID: 27566400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microbial burden of chronic wounds is believed to play an important role in impaired healing and the development of infection-related complications. However, clinical cultures have little predictive value of wound outcomes, and culture-independent studies have been limited by cross-sectional design and small cohort size. We systematically evaluated the temporal dynamics of the microbiota colonizing diabetic foot ulcers, a common and costly complication of diabetes, and its association with healing and clinical complications. Dirichlet multinomial mixture modeling, Markov chain analysis, and mixed-effect models were used to investigate shifts in the microbiota over time and their associations with healing. Here we show, to our knowledge, previously unreported temporal dynamics of the chronic wound microbiome. Microbiota community instability was associated with faster healing and improved outcomes. Diabetic foot ulcer microbiota were found to exist in one of four community types that experienced frequent and nonrandom transitions. Transition patterns and frequencies were associated with healing time. Exposure to systemic antibiotics destabilized the wound microbiota, rather than altering overall diversity or relative abundance of specific taxa. This study provides evidence that the dynamic wound microbiome is indicative of clinical outcomes and may be a valuable guide for personalized management and treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Loesche
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sue E Gardner
- University of Iowa, College of Nursing, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
| | - Lindsay Kalan
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Horwinski
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brendan P Hodkinson
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amanda S Tyldsley
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carrie L Franciscus
- Comprehensive Access and Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE) Center, Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Stephen L Hillis
- Departments of Radiology and Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Samir Mehta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David J Margolis
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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16
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Smith K, Collier A, Townsend EM, O’Donnell LE, Bal AM, Butcher J, Mackay WG, Ramage G, Williams C. One step closer to understanding the role of bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers: characterising the microbiome of ulcers. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:54. [PMID: 27005417 PMCID: PMC4804642 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to characterise the microbiome of new and recurrent diabetic foot ulcers using 16S amplicon sequencing (16S AS), allowing the identification of a wider range of bacterial species that may be important in the development of chronicity in these debilitating wounds. Twenty patients not receiving antibiotics for the past three months were selected, with swabs taken from each individual for culture and 16S AS. DNA was isolated using a combination of bead beating and kit extraction. Samples were sequenced on the Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. RESULTS Conventional laboratory culture showed positive growth from only 55 % of the patients, whereas 16S AS was positive for 75 % of the patients (41 unique genera, representing 82 different operational taxonomic units (OTU's). S. aureus was isolated in 72 % of culture-positive samples, whereas the most commonly detected bacteria in all ulcers were Peptoniphilus spp., Anaerococcus spp. and Corynebacterium spp., with the addition of Staphylococcus spp. in new ulcers. The majority of OTU's residing in both new and recurrent ulcers (over 67 %) were identified as facultative or strict anaerobic Gram-positive organisms. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed no difference in clustering between the two groups (new and recurrent ulcers). CONCLUSIONS The abundance of anaerobic bacteria has important implications for treatment as it suggests that the microbiome of each ulcer "starts afresh" and that, although diverse, are not distinctly different from one another with respect to new or recurrent ulcers. Therefore, when considering antibiotic therapy the duration of current ulceration may be a more important consideration than a history of healed ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Smith
- />School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland, Barbour Building, Paisley Campus, Paisley, PA1 2BE UK
| | - Andrew Collier
- />NHS Ayrshire and Arran, University Hospital Ayr, Ayr, UK
| | - Eleanor M. Townsend
- />School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland, Barbour Building, Paisley Campus, Paisley, PA1 2BE UK
- />Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lindsay E. O’Donnell
- />Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Abhijit M. Bal
- />NHS Ayrshire and Arran, University Hospital Ayr, Ayr, UK
| | - John Butcher
- />School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland, Barbour Building, Paisley Campus, Paisley, PA1 2BE UK
| | - William G. Mackay
- />School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland, Barbour Building, Paisley Campus, Paisley, PA1 2BE UK
| | - Gordon Ramage
- />Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Craig Williams
- />School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Healthcare Associated Infection, University of the West of Scotland, Barbour Building, Paisley Campus, Paisley, PA1 2BE UK
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Staphylococcus pettenkoferi bacteremia: A case report and review of the literature. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 26:319-22. [PMID: 26744589 PMCID: PMC4692301 DOI: 10.1155/2015/748154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In 2002, the coagulase-negative staphylococci species Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was first described. In addition to an overview of the laboratory detection of uncommon coagulase-negative staphylococci, this report describes, to the author’s knowledge, the first case of S pettenkoferi bacteremia in Canada. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a relatively recently described coagulase-negative staphylococci species first described in 2002. Since then, nine additional cases of infection caused by this species have been reported in various countries around the world, including Germany, Belgium, France, South Korea, Italy, Brazil and Mexico. The present report describes a case of S pettenkoferi peripheral line-associated bacteremia. To our knowledge, the present report is the first description of human infection caused by S pettenkoferi in Canada. The present report also provides an overview of the laboratory detection of uncommon coagulase-negative staphylococci.
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18
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Implementation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Routine Clinical Laboratories Improves Identification of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Reveals the Pathogenic Role of Staphylococcus lugdunensis. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:2030-6. [PMID: 25878345 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00177-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for staphylococcal identification is now considered routine in laboratories compared with the conventional phenotypical methods previously used. We verified its microbiological relevance for identifying the main species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) by randomly selecting 50 isolates. From 1 January 2007 to 31 August 2008, 12,479 staphylococci were isolated with phenotypic methods, of which 4,594 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus and 7,885 were coagulase negative staphylococci. Using MALDI-TOF MS from 1 January 2011 to 31 August 2012, 14,913 staphylococci were identified, with 5,066 as S. aureus and 9,847 as CoNS. MALDI-TOF MS allowed the identification of approximately 85% of the CoNS strains, whereas only 14% of the CoNS strains were identified to the species level with phenotypic methods because they were often considered contaminants. Furthermore, the use of MALDI-TOF MS revealed the occurrence of recently characterized Staphylococcus species, such as S. pettenkoferi, S. condimenti, and S. piscifermentans. Microbiological relevance analysis further revealed that some species displayed a high rate of microbiological significance, i.e., 40% of the S. lugdunensis strains included in the analysis were associated with infection risk. This retrospective microbiological study confirms the role of MALDI-TOF MS in clinical settings for the identification of staphylococci with clinical consequences. The species distribution reveals the occurrence of the recently identified species S. pettenkoferi and putative virulent species, including S. lugdunensis.
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19
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Park S, Chung HS, Lee M. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of six Staphylococcus pettenkoferi isolates from blood samples. Ann Lab Med 2015; 35:250-3. [PMID: 25729730 PMCID: PMC4330178 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2015.35.2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are reported to be the leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a novel member of CoNS that was first isolated from the human blood and bursitis wound in 2002. We have reported cases of 6 S. pettenkoferi strains isolated from blood specimens, including one pathogen and 5 contaminants and catheter colonizers. Brucker Biotyper (Brucker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) and molecular typing with 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the 6 isolates as S. pettenkoferi. The conventional phenotypic identification of these isolates is not reliable owing to their inconsistent biochemical characteristics. Five of the 6 isolates were found to be resistant to oxacillin, and all isolates showed susceptibility to vancomycin and linezolid. For accurate identification of this novel species, advanced methods by using Brucker Biotyper or molecular methods such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholhui Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Sun Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miae Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Abstract
The definition of the heterogeneous group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is still based on diagnostic procedures that fulfill the clinical need to differentiate between Staphylococcus aureus and those staphylococci classified historically as being less or nonpathogenic. Due to patient- and procedure-related changes, CoNS now represent one of the major nosocomial pathogens, with S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus being the most significant species. They account substantially for foreign body-related infections and infections in preterm newborns. While S. saprophyticus has been associated with acute urethritis, S. lugdunensis has a unique status, in some aspects resembling S. aureus in causing infectious endocarditis. In addition to CoNS found as food-associated saprophytes, many other CoNS species colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals and are less frequently involved in clinically manifested infections. This blurred gradation in terms of pathogenicity is reflected by species- and strain-specific virulence factors and the development of different host-defending strategies. Clearly, CoNS possess fewer virulence properties than S. aureus, with a respectively different disease spectrum. In this regard, host susceptibility is much more important. Therapeutically, CoNS are challenging due to the large proportion of methicillin-resistant strains and increasing numbers of isolates with less susceptibility to glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine Heilmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Peters
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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21
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Butler É, Oien RF, Lindholm C, Olofsson TC, Nilson B, Vásquez A. A pilot study investigating lactic acid bacterial symbionts from the honeybee in inhibiting human chronic wound pathogens. Int Wound J 2014; 13:729-37. [PMID: 25196349 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment and management of chronic wounds is a large burden on the health sector and causes substantial suffering for the patients. We believe that 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) symbionts isolated from the honey crop of the honeybee are important players in the antimicrobial action of honey, by producing antimicrobial substances and can be used in combination with heather honey as an effective treatment in wound management. A total of 22 patients with chronic ulcers were included; culture-dependent and molecular-based (MALDI-MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing) techniques were used to identify bacteria from chronic wounds. These clinical isolates were used for in vitro antimicrobial testing with standardised viable LAB and sterilised heather honey mixture. Twenty of the patients' wounds were polymicrobial and 42 different species were isolated. Patient isolates that were tested in vitro were inhibited by the LAB and honey combination with inhibitory zones comparable with different antibiotics. LAB and heather honey in combination presents a new topical option in chronic wound management because of the healing properties of honey, antimicrobial metabolite production from the LAB and their bactericidal effect on common chronic wound pathogens. This new treatment may be a stepping stone towards an alternative solution to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éile Butler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Rut F Oien
- Blekinge Wound Healing Centre, Blekinge Hospital, Karlshamn, Sweden
| | | | - Tobias C Olofsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Nilson
- Labmedicin, Region Skåne, Clinical Microbiology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Moon HW, Lee SH, Chung HS, Lee M, Lee K. Performance of the Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system for identification of Gram-positive cocci routinely isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. J Med Microbiol 2013; 62:1301-1306. [PMID: 23764744 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.062950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the performance of the Vitek MS for identification of Gram-positive cocci routinely isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. With a total of 424 well-characterized isolates, the results of the Vitek MS were compared to those of conventional methods and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The Vitek MS correctly identified 97.9 % of the isolates tested to species level. The Vitek MS correctly identified the species of 97.2 % of the staphylococci (95.9 % of coagulase-negative staphylococci), 97.8 % of the streptococci, and 100 % of the enterococci. For the identification of Gram-positive cocci isolates, the overall concordance rate between conventional identification and the Vitek MS was 94.5 %. The Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system can be a reliable and rapid method for the identification of most relevant Gram-positive cocci. In addition, expanding the database of the Vitek MS, especially for coagulase-negative staphylococci, is needed to enhance the performance of the Vitek MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Won Moon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Lee
- Neodin Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Sun Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miae Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Bacterial DNA from orthopedic implants after routine removal. Int J Artif Organs 2012; 34:856-62. [PMID: 22094566 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial 16S rDNA was monitored and identified from orthopedic metallic implants after routine or septic removal from patients in a German hospital. From March to June 2009, 28 metallic implants, 10 human biopsies, and 6 foam dressings from 28 patients were investigated. After analysis of this first collective, the methods were optimized to enhance sensitivity and to reduce interference with human DNA. Then a second collective consisting of 21 metallic implants from 21 patients was investigated from June 2009 to January 2010. In the first collective, 71% of the metallic implants were negative for eubacterial DNA. Pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and opportunists such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus were identified in 11% of the samples, whereas the residual 18% positive results were classified as from skin sources or could not be confirmed. Tissue, secretion, and bone samples as well as foam dressings from the same collective also contained pathogens and opportunists. After the optimization of the methods, a considerable increase of positive samples was seen: in the second collective 19 of the 21 metallic implants proved to be positive for eubacterial 16S rDNA. Bacterial DNA from environmental sources was detected in 13 samples, and in 20 specimens, predominantly mostly the skin. Opportunistic pathogens were detected in 19 samples. Interestingly, septic complications did not occur despite the presence of bacterial DNA. The results obtained up to now encourage us not only to continue a directed monitoring of bacterial DNA on orthopedic implants in practice but also to look intensely for possible sources of bacterial contamination during and after insertion or during removal of such implants.
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24
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Late Periprosthetic Joint Infection due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis Identified by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Med 2011; 2011:608919. [PMID: 21776276 PMCID: PMC3138060 DOI: 10.1155/2011/608919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus lugdunensis, member to the group of coagulase-negative staphylococci, is previously thought to be rarely isolated. Recently other staphylococci have been described, which were supposedly related to S. lugdunensis, such as Staphylococcus pseudolugdunensis and Staphylococcus pettenkoferi. To decrease the rate misidentifications, an accurate identification method, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry or molecular methods, should be used. S. lugdunensis is usually associated with severe infections similar to those caused by S. aureus. Moreover, it has been described that skin infections due to S. lugdunensis are severely underreported and could be also underreported in periprosthetic joint infections. Ours is the first case of a late periprosthetic infection of the hip due to S. lugdunensis, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A periprosthetic infection due to S. lugdunensis should be treated according to protocols of S. aureus periprosthetic infections, and therefore an accurate species identification is desirable.
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25
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A Fatal Bloodstream Infection by Staphylococcus pettenkoferi in an Intensive Care Unit Patient. Case Rep Crit Care 2011; 2011:612732. [PMID: 24826324 PMCID: PMC4010065 DOI: 10.1155/2011/612732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase negative staphylococci are increasingly recognized as leading pathogens in bacteremia, with incidence peaking in intensive care units. Interpretation of blood cultures that are positive for CoNS is often doubtful. We describe a fatal case of bacteremia by a newly recognized species of CoNS, Staphylococcus pettenkoferi, in an ICU patient.
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26
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Fisher TK, Wolcott R, Wolk DM, Bharara M, Kimbriel HR, Armstrong DG. Diabetic foot infections: A need for innovative assessments. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2010; 9:31-6. [PMID: 20207621 DOI: 10.1177/1534734610363459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Foot wounds are the most common diabetes-related cause of hospitalization and frequently result in amputation. Although generally diagnosed clinically based on signs and symptoms of inflammation, empirical antibiotic treatment should be based on tissue cultures until resolution of infection. Advances in molecular detection over the past decade, including rapid chromogenic agar and real-time polymerase chain reaction, have improved diagnostic capabilities. However, chronic wounds may host biofilm bacteria not adequately detected by current microbiological testing. Enhanced DNA testing is required to identify these pathogens as well as evolving and previously underdiagnosed bacteria. Two options, nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization and rDNA sequencing, are on the horizon for clinical use. Wound biofilms also necessitate more complex clinical management including debridement, augmenting host defenses, suppression of biofilms, and wound closure. Adopting these advances in diagnosis and treatment may help with overall prognosis and reduce health care costs.
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27
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d'Azevedo PA, Comin G, Cantarelli V. Characterization of a new coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (Staphylococcus pettenkoferi) isolated from blood cultures from a hospitalized patient in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2010; 43:331-2. [DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822010000300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was originally isolated and described by Trülzsch et al (2002). In this study, we characterized two isolates of this newly described species. METHODS: Blood cultures were initially processed using the BacT/ALERT® device, and the isolates were initially characterized using the Vitek2 identification system. RESULTS: The initial characterization revealed slow-growing Gram-positive cocci that formed opaque colonies on sheep blood agar. Other phenotypic/genotypic tests were performed. CONCLUSIONS: We would like to emphasize that this new staphylococcus species is phenotypically similar to other CoNS, especially S. auricularis. This could potentially lead to misidentification of these uncommon species.
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28
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Garza-González E, López D, Pezina C, Muruet W, Bocanegra-García V, Muñoz I, Ramírez C, LLaca-Díaz JM. Diversity of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec structures in coagulase-negative staphylococci and relationship to drug resistance. J Med Microbiol 2009; 59:323-329. [PMID: 20007762 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.015800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements in meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) isolated from a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico and to examine the relationship to drug resistance. Fifty selected MR-CoNS isolates collected from catheters (n=15), blood (n=15), bone (n=9), bronchial lavage (n=2) and urine (n=2) and one isolate each from an abscess, cerebrospinal fluid, eye, pleural effusion, synovial fluid, tracheal aspirate and wound secretion were examined. Susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution method. SCCmec types were determined by multiplex PCR and PFGE was carried out as described previously for Staphylococcus aureus. Among the MR-CoNS strains studied, the most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=26) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=13). Staphylococcus cohnii (n=5), Staphylococcus hominis (n=3), Staphylococcus sciuri (n=1), Staphylococcus pasteuri (n=1) and the recently described species Staphylococcus pettenkoferi (n=1) were also identified. The most frequent MR-CoNS genotype identified was SCCmec type IVa in S. epidermidis isolates, which also showed a high diversity in their PFGE patterns. A clone was found that amplified both SCCmec III and V elements in five isolates examined. The single MR S. pettenkoferi isolate harboured SCCmec type IVd and the single MR S. pasteuri isolate harboured SCCmec type I. The carriage of SCCmec type III was associated with resistance or intermediate resistance to meropenem (P <0.05). These results confirm the high prevalence of S. epidermidis SCCmec IVa and the high genetic diversity among MR-CoNS strains. As far as is known, this is the first report describing the newly identified S. pettenkoferi possessing SCCmec IVd and S. pasteuri harbouring SCCmec type I. MR-CoNS harbouring SCCmec type III were found to be more resistant to meropenem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Garza-González
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Daniel López
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Cesar Pezina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Walter Muruet
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Virgilio Bocanegra-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioingeniería, UAM Reynosa Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Ivan Muñoz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ramírez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
| | - Jorge M LLaca-Díaz
- Hospital Universitario Dr José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo Leon 64460, Mexico
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29
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Song SH, Park JS, Kwon HR, Kim SH, Kim HB, Chang HE, Park KU, Song J, Kim EC. Human bloodstream infection caused by Staphylococcus pettenkoferi. J Med Microbiol 2009; 58:270-272. [PMID: 19141749 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.004697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a recently isolated human pathogen with only a few reported cases of infection. We report a case of bloodstream infection caused by S. pettenkoferi in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Su Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rin Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Han Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Eun Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Chong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tang YW, Han J, McCormac MA, Li H, Stratton CW. Staphylococcus pseudolugdunensis sp. nov., a pyrrolidonyl arylamidase/ornithine decarboxylase-positive bacterium isolated from blood cultures. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 60:351-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Revised: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/16/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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