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Van Drunen R, Dai Y, Wei H, Fekry B, Noori S, Shivshankar S, Bravo R, Zhao Z, Yoo SH, Justice N, Wu JQ, Tong Q, Eckel-Mahan K. Cell-specific regulation of the circadian clock by BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus: Implications for regulation of systemic biological rhythms. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114380. [PMID: 38935503 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are internal biological rhythms driving temporal tissue-specific, metabolic programs. Loss of the circadian transcription factor BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus reveals its importance in metabolic rhythms, but its functions in individual PVN cells are poorly understood. Here, loss of BMAL1 in the PVN results in arrhythmicity of processes controlling energy balance and alters peripheral diurnal gene expression. BMAL1 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) reveal its temporal regulation of target genes, including oxytocin (OXT), and restoring circulating OXT peaks in BMAL1-PVN knockout (KO) mice rescues absent activity rhythms. While glutamatergic neurons undergo day/night changes in expression of genes involved in cell morphogenesis, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes show gene expression changes in cytoskeletal organization and oxidative phosphorylation. Collectively, our findings show diurnal gene regulation in neuronal and non-neuronal PVN cells and that BMAL1 contributes to diurnal OXT secretion, which is important for systemic diurnal rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Van Drunen
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haichao Wei
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Baharan Fekry
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sina Noori
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samay Shivshankar
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rafael Bravo
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas Justice
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jia Qian Wu
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingchun Tong
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- UT Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center/UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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2
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Zhou Q, Wang R, Su Y, Wang B, Zhang Y, Qin X. The molecular circadian rhythms regulating the cell cycle. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30539. [PMID: 38372014 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock controls the expression of a large proportion of protein-coding genes in mammals and can modulate a wide range of physiological processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that disruption or dysregulation of the circadian clock is involved in the development and progression of several diseases, including cancer. The cell cycle is considered to be the fundamental process related to cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the circadian clock can control the expression of a large number of genes related to the cell cycle. This article reviews the mechanism of cell cycle-related genes whose chromatin regulatory elements are rhythmically occupied by core circadian clock transcription factors, while their RNAs are rhythmically expressed. This article further reviews the identified oscillatory cell cycle-related genes in higher organisms such as baboons and humans. The potential functions of these identified genes in regulating cell cycle progression are also discussed. Understanding how the molecular clock controls the expression of cell cycle genes will be beneficial for combating and treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunxia Su
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Modern Experiment Technology Center, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ximing Qin
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Zhao H, Han G, Jiang Z, Gao D, Zhang H, Yang L, Ma T, Gao L, Wang A, Chao HW, Li Q, Jin Y, Chen H. Identification of BMAL1-Regulated circadian genes in mouse liver and their potential association with hepatocellular carcinoma: Gys2 and Upp2 as promising candidates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149422. [PMID: 38183795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Identification and functional analysis of key genes regulated by the circadian clock system will provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms through which circadian clock disruption impairs the health of living organisms. The initial phase involved bioinformatics analysis, drawing insights from three RNA-seq datasets (GSE184303, GSE114400, and GSE199061) derived from wild-type mouse liver tissues, which encompassed six distinct time points across a day. As expected, 536 overlapping genes exhibiting rhythmic expression patterns were identified. By intersecting these genes with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) originating from liver RNA-seq data at two representative time points (circadian time, CT: CT2 and CT14) in global Bmal1 knockout mice (Bmal1-/-), hepatocyte-specific Bmal1 knockout mice (L-Bmal1-/-), and their corresponding control groups, 80 genes potentially regulated by BMAL1 (referred to as BMAL1-regulated genes, BRGs) were identified. These genes were significantly enriched in glycolipid metabolism, immune response, and tumorigenesis pathways. Eight BRGs (Nr1d1, Cry1, Gys2, Homer2, Serpina6, Slc2a2, Nmrk1, and Upp2) were selected to validate their expression patterns in both control and L-Bmal1-/- mice livers over 24 h. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated a comprehensive loss of rhythmic expression patterns in the eight selected BRGs in L-Bmal1-/- mice, in contrast to the discernible rhythmic patterns observed in the livers of control mice. Additionally, significant reductions in the expression levels of these selected BRGs, excluding Cry1, were also observed in L-Bmal1-/- mice livers. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq (GSE13505 and GSE39860) and JASPAR analyses validated the rhythmic binding of BMAL1 to the promoter and intron regions of these genes. Moreover, the progression of conditions, from basic steatosis to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and eventual malignancy, demonstrated a continuous gradual decline in Bmal1 transcripts in the human liver. Combining the aforementioned BRGs with DEGs derived from human liver cancer datasets identified Gys2 and Upp2 as potential node genes bridging the circadian clock system and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, CCK8 and wound healing assays demonstrated that the overexpression of human GYS2 and UPP2 proteins inhibited the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells, accompanied by elevated expression of p53, a tumor suppressor protein. In summary, this study systematically identified rhythmic genes in the mouse liver, and a subset of circadian genes potentially regulated by BMAL1. Two circadian genes, Gys2 and Upp2, have been proposed and validated as potential candidates for advancing the prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guohao Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | - Dengke Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hsu-Wen Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 11031, China; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 11031, China; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 80708, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Medical Experiment Centre, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Agriesti F, Cela O, Capitanio N. "Time Is out of Joint" in Pluripotent Stem Cells: How and Why. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2063. [PMID: 38396740 PMCID: PMC10889767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is necessary for the homeostasis and health of living organisms. Molecular clocks interconnected by transcription/translation feedback loops exist in most cells of the body. A puzzling exemption to this, otherwise, general biological hallmark is given by the cell physiology of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that lack circadian oscillations gradually acquired following their in vivo programmed differentiation. This process can be nicely phenocopied following in vitro commitment and reversed during the reprogramming of somatic cells to induce PSCs. The current understanding of how and why pluripotency is "time-uncoupled" is largely incomplete. A complex picture is emerging where the circadian core clockwork is negatively regulated in PSCs at the post-transcriptional/translational, epigenetic, and other-clock-interaction levels. Moreover, non-canonical functions of circadian core-work components in the balance between pluripotency identity and metabolic-driven cell reprogramming are emerging. This review selects and discusses results of relevant recent investigations providing major insights into this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Agriesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (O.C.); (N.C.)
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Castillejos-López M, Romero Y, Varela-Ordoñez A, Flores-Soto E, Romero-Martinez BS, Velázquez-Cruz R, Vázquez-Pérez JA, Ruiz V, Gomez-Verjan JC, Rivero-Segura NA, Camarena Á, Torres-Soria AK, Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Solís-Chagoyán H, Jaimez R, Torres-Espíndola LM, Aquino-Gálvez A. Hypoxia Induces Alterations in the Circadian Rhythm in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2724. [PMID: 38067152 PMCID: PMC10706372 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of the circadian cycle is to determine the natural 24 h biological rhythm, which includes physiological, metabolic, and hormonal changes that occur daily in the body. This cycle is controlled by an internal biological clock that is present in the body's tissues and helps regulate various processes such as sleeping, eating, and others. Interestingly, animal models have provided enough evidence to assume that the alteration in the circadian system leads to the appearance of numerous diseases. Alterations in breathing patterns in lung diseases can modify oxygenation and the circadian cycles; however, the response mechanisms to hypoxia and their relationship with the clock genes are not fully understood. Hypoxia is a condition in which the lack of adequate oxygenation promotes adaptation mechanisms and is related to several genes that regulate the circadian cycles, the latter because hypoxia alters the production of melatonin and brain physiology. Additionally, the lack of oxygen alters the expression of clock genes, leading to an alteration in the regularity and precision of the circadian cycle. In this sense, hypoxia is a hallmark of a wide variety of lung diseases. In the present work, we intended to review the functional repercussions of hypoxia in the presence of asthma, chronic obstructive sleep apnea, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnea, influenza, and COVID-19 and its repercussions on the circadian cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castillejos-López
- Departamento de Epidemiología e Infectología Hospitalaria, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Angelica Varela-Ordoñez
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico; (A.V.-O.); (A.K.T.-S.)
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | - Bianca S. Romero-Martinez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Enfermedades Emergentes y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enferdades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Víctor Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (INP), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Juan C. Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), Mexico City 10200, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (N.A.R.-S.)
| | - Nadia A. Rivero-Segura
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), Mexico City 10200, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (N.A.R.-S.)
| | - Ángel Camarena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ana Karen Torres-Soria
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico; (A.V.-O.); (A.K.T.-S.)
| | - Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Cognitiva, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Ruth Jaimez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | | | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Astone M, Oberkersch RE, Tosi G, Biscontin A, Santoro MM. The circadian protein BMAL1 supports endothelial cell cycle during angiogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1952-1968. [PMID: 37052172 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The circadian clock is an internal biological timer that co-ordinates physiology and gene expression with the 24-h solar day. Circadian clock perturbations have been associated to vascular dysfunctions in mammals, and a function of the circadian clock in angiogenesis has been suggested. However, the functional role of the circadian clock in endothelial cells (ECs) and in the regulation of angiogenesis is widely unexplored. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we used both in vivo and in vitro approaches to demonstrate that ECs possess an endogenous molecular clock and show robust circadian oscillations of core clock genes. By impairing the EC-specific function of the circadian clock transcriptional activator basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1 (BMAL1) in vivo, we detect angiogenesis defects in mouse neonatal vascular tissues, as well as in adult tumour angiogenic settings. We then investigate the function of circadian clock machinery in cultured EC and show evidence that BMAL and circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput knock-down impair EC cell cycle progression. By using an RNA- and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing genome-wide approaches, we identified that BMAL1 binds the promoters of CCNA1 and CDK1 genes and controls their expression in ECs. CONCLUSION(S) Our findings show that EC display a robust circadian clock and that BMAL1 regulates EC physiology in both developmental and pathological contexts. Genetic alteration of BMAL1 can affect angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Astone
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Cancer Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Roxana E Oberkersch
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Cancer Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Cancer Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Biscontin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo M Santoro
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Cancer Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58B, 35121 Padova, Italy
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7
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Xu L, Jia J, Miao S, Gong L, Wang J, He S, Zhang Y. Aerobic exercise reduced the amount of CHRONO bound to BMAL1 and ameliorated glucose metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-fed mice. Life Sci 2023; 324:121696. [PMID: 37061124 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on the CHRONO-BMAL1 pathway and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. MAIN METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into four groups: normal chow diet with control (NCD + CON), NCD with exercise (NCD + EXE), HFD with control (HFD + CON) and HFD with exercise (HFD + EXE). The NCD and HFD groups were respectively fed a diet of 10 % and 60 % kilocalories from fat for 12 weeks. During the dietary intervention, EXE groups were subjected to 70 % VO2max intensity of treadmill exercise six times per week for 12 weeks. Body weight, energy intake, fat weight, serum lipid profiles, systemic glucose homeostasis, the amount of CHRONO bound to BMAL1, the enzymatic activity, mRNA and protein expression involved in glucose metabolism of skeletal muscle were measured. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that the 12-week HFD feeding without exercise induced weight gain, serum dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Furthermore, HFD increased the amount of CHRONO bound to BMAL1 and repressed the glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. However, aerobic exercise prevented weight gain, serum dyslipidemia and systemic insulin resistance in the HFD-fed mice. Meanwhile, aerobic exercise also decreased the amount of CHRONO bound to BMAL1 and increased the glucose uptake, glucose oxidation and glycogenesis in skeletal muscle of the HFD-fed mice. SIGNIFICANCE These data suggested that aerobic exercise could counterbalance CHRONO interacted with BMAL1 and prevent glucose metabolism dysfunction of skeletal muscle, and finally maintain whole-body insulin sensitivity in the HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Jia
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shudan Miao
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Sports Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300382, China
| | - Shiyi He
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
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8
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Iweka CA, Seigneur E, Hernandez AL, Paredes SH, Cabrera M, Blacher E, Pasternak CT, Longo FM, de Lecea L, Andreasson KI. Myeloid deficiency of the intrinsic clock protein BMAL1 accelerates cognitive aging by disrupting microglial synaptic pruning. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:48. [PMID: 36829230 PMCID: PMC9951430 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with loss of circadian immune responses and circadian gene transcription in peripheral macrophages. Microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, also show diurnal rhythmicity in regulating local immune responses and synaptic remodeling. To investigate the interaction between aging and microglial circadian rhythmicity, we examined mice deficient in the core clock transcription factor, BMAL1. Aging Cd11bcre;Bmallox/lox mice demonstrated accelerated cognitive decline in association with suppressed hippocampal long-term potentiation and increases in immature dendritic spines. C1q deposition at synapses and synaptic engulfment were significantly decreased in aging Bmal1-deficient microglia, suggesting that BMAL1 plays a role in regulating synaptic pruning in aging. In addition to accelerated age-associated hippocampal deficits, Cd11bcre;Bmallox/lox mice also showed deficits in the sleep-wake cycle with increased wakefulness across light and dark phases. These results highlight an essential role of microglial BMAL1 in maintenance of synapse homeostasis in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinyere Agbaegbu Iweka
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erica Seigneur
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amira Latif Hernandez
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Mica Cabrera
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eran Blacher
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat-Ram, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Connie Tsai Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Frank M Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katrin I Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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9
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Rojo D, Badner A, Gibson EM. Circadian Control of Glial Cell Homeodynamics. J Biol Rhythms 2022; 37:593-608. [PMID: 36068711 PMCID: PMC9729367 DOI: 10.1177/07487304221120966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that maintain circadian rhythms in mammalian as well as non-mammalian systems are well documented in neuronal populations but comparatively understudied in glia. Glia are highly dynamic in form and function, and the circadian clock provides broad dynamic ranges for the maintenance of this homeostasis, thus glia are key to understanding the role of circadian biology in brain function. Here, we highlight the implications of the molecular circadian clock on the homeodynamic nature of glia, underscoring the current gap in understanding the role of the circadian system in oligodendroglia lineage cells and subsequent myelination. Through this perspective, we will focus on the intersection of circadian and glial biology and how it interfaces with global circadian rhythm maintenance associated with normative and aberrant brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rojo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna Badner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erin M. Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA,Corresponding Author: Erin M. Gibson, PhD, 3165 Porter Drive, #2178, Palo Alto, CA 94304, (650)725-6659,
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10
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Mood phenotypes in rodent models with circadian disturbances. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2022; 13:100083. [PMID: 36345502 PMCID: PMC9636574 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physiological functions with approximately 24-h rhythmicity (circadian rhythms) are generated by an internal time-measuring system of the circadian clock. While sleep/wake cycles, feeding patterns, and body temperature are the most widely known physiological functions under the regulation of the circadian clock, physiological regulation by the circadian clock extends to higher brain functions. Accumulating evidence suggests strong associations between the circadian clock and mood disorders such as depression, but the underlying mechanisms of the functional relationship between them are obscure. This review overviews rodent models with disrupted circadian rhythms on depression-related responses. The animal models with circadian disturbances (by clock gene mutations and artifactual interventions) will help understand the causal link between the circadian clock and depression. The molecular mechanisms of the mammalian circadian rhythm are systematically overviewed. We overview how genetic and pharmacological manipulations of clock (related) genes are linked to mood phenotypes. We overview how artificial perturbations, such as SCN lesions and aberrant light, affect circadian rhythm and mood.
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11
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Depression and bipolar disorder subtypes differ in their genetic correlations with biological rhythms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15740. [PMID: 36131119 PMCID: PMC9492698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder Type I (BIP-I) and Type II (BIP-II), are characterized by depressed, manic, and hypomanic episodes in which specific changes of physical activity, circadian rhythm, and sleep are observed. It is known that genetic factors contribute to variation in mood disorders and biological rhythms, but unclear to what extent there is an overlap between their underlying genetics. In the present study, data from genome-wide association studies were used to examine the genetic relationship between mood disorders and biological rhythms. We tested the genetic correlation of depression, BIP-I, and BIP-II with physical activity (overall physical activity, moderate activity, sedentary behaviour), circadian rhythm (relative amplitude), and sleep features (sleep duration, daytime sleepiness). Genetic correlations of depression, BIP-I, and BIP-II with biological rhythms were compared to discover commonalities and differences. A gene-based analysis tested for associations of single genes and common circadian genes with mood disorders. Depression was negatively correlated with overall physical activity and positively with sedentary behaviour, while BIP-I showed associations in the opposite direction. Depression and BIP-II had negative correlations with relative amplitude. All mood disorders were positively correlated with daytime sleepiness. Overall, we observed both genetic commonalities and differences across mood disorders in their relationships with biological rhythms: depression and BIP-I differed the most, while BIP-II was in an intermediate position. Gene-based analysis suggested potential targets for further investigation. The present results suggest shared genetic underpinnings for the clinically observed associations between mood disorders and biological rhythms. Research considering possible joint mechanisms may offer avenues for improving disease detection and treatment.
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12
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Taleb Z, Karpowicz P. Circadian regulation of digestive and metabolic tissues. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C306-C321. [PMID: 35675638 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00166.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock is a self-sustained molecular timekeeper that drives 24-h (circadian) rhythms in animals. The clock governs important aspects of behavior and physiology including wake/sleep activity cycles that regulate the activity of metabolic and digestive systems. Light/dark cycles (photoperiod) and cycles in the time of feeding synchronize the circadian clock to the surrounding environment, providing an anticipatory benefit that promotes digestive health. The availability of animal models targeting the genetic components of the circadian clock has made it possible to investigate the circadian clock's role in cellular functions. Circadian clock genes have been shown to regulate the physiological function of hepatocytes, gastrointestinal cells, and adipocytes; disruption of the circadian clock leads to the exacerbation of liver diseases and liver cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, and obesity. Previous findings provide strong evidence that the circadian clock plays an integral role in digestive/metabolic disease pathogenesis, hence, the circadian clock is a necessary component in metabolic and digestive health and homeostasis. Circadian rhythms and circadian clock function provide an opportunity to improve the prevention and treatment of digestive and metabolic diseases by aligning digestive system tissue with the 24-h day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Taleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Phillip Karpowicz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Niu Y, Fan X, Wang Y, Lin J, Hua L, Li X, Qian R, Lu C. Genome-wide CRISPR Screening Reveals Pyrimidine Metabolic Reprogramming in 5-FU Chronochemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:949715. [PMID: 35903686 PMCID: PMC9316589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.949715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Disruption of the circadian rhythm is associated with cancer occurrence, response to chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. Thus, using internal clock-based chronotherapy to optimize the administration time may improve the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs while reducing the side effects. Chronotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) for a long time, but its effect is under controversial and the mechanism remains unclear. Methods Genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screening and RNA-sequencing were combined to identify the potential genes or pathways involved in 5-FU chronochemotherapy. Genetic deletion or overexpression of pyrimidine metabolic pathway genes were conducted to examine cellular viability with or without 5-FU via flow cytometry. Western blotting, qPCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays of several CRC cell lines in vitro and in vivo were used to elaborate and validate the mechanism of 5-FU chronotherapeutic effects. Results Chronochemotherapeutic effects of 5-FU on CRC in vivo were verified. Furthermore, 5-FU chronochemotherapy related genes such as UPP2, UCK2 and UMPS in the pyrimidine metabolic pathway were identified. Disturbance in these genes, especially UMPS, perturbs 5-FU treatment outcomes in CRC cells. Mechanistically, the core circadian gene, brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein-1 (BMAL1), extensively regulate gene expression in pyrimidine metabolic pathway by binding to E-box element in the promoter region of key genes such as UMPS and perturb their enzymatic activities, thereby maintain diurnal efficacy of 5-FU in CRC cells. Conclusion This study uncovered a new mechanism by which a core circadian gene BMAL1 increases the effectiveness of 5-FU by enhancing the expression and enzymatic activities of key genes in the pyrimidine metabolic pathway in CRC cells. The findings suggest a novel strategy for CRC chemotherapy by targeting chrono-modulated genes of the 5-FU metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Niu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luchun Hua
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhe Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Lu, ; Ruizhe Qian,
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Institute of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Lu, ; Ruizhe Qian,
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14
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Fernández-Ortiz M, Sayed RKA, Román-Montoya Y, de Lama MÁR, Fernández-Martínez J, Ramírez-Casas Y, Florido-Ruiz J, Rusanova I, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Age and Chronodisruption in Mouse Heart: Effect of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Melatonin Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126846. [PMID: 35743288 PMCID: PMC9224376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Age and age-dependent inflammation are two main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Aging can also affect clock gene-related impairments such as chronodisruption and has been linked to a decline in melatonin synthesis and aggravation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 innate immune response known as inflammaging. The molecular drivers of these mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of aging and NLRP3 expression on the cardiac circadian system, and the actions of melatonin as a potential therapy to restore daily rhythms by mitigating inflammaging. We analyzed the circadian expression and rhythmicity of clock genes in heart tissue of wild-type and NLRP3-knockout mice at 3, 12, and 24 months of age, with and without melatonin treatment. Our results support that aging, NLRP3 inflammasome, and melatonin affected the cardiac clock genes expression, except for Rev-erbα, which was not influenced by genotype. Aging caused small phase changes in Clock, loss of rhythmicity in Per2 and Rorα, and mesor dampening of Clock, Bmal1, and Per2. NLRP3 inflammasome influenced the acrophase of Clock, Per2, and Rorα. Melatonin restored the acrophase and the rhythm of clock genes affected by age or NLRP3 activation. The administration of melatonin re-established murine cardiac homeostasis by reversing age-associated chronodisruption. Altogether, these results highlight new findings about the effects aging and NLRP3 inflammasome have on clock genes in cardiac tissue, pointing to continuous melatonin as a promising therapy to placate inflammaging and restore circadian rhythm in heart muscle. Additionally, light microscopy analysis showed age-related morphological impairments in cardiomyocytes, which were less severe in mice lacking NLRP3. Melatonin supplementation preserved the structure of cardiac muscle fibers in all experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Fernández-Ortiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Ramy K. A. Sayed
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Yolanda Román-Montoya
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - María Ángeles Rol de Lama
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB–Arrixaca, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José Fernández-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
| | - Yolanda Ramírez-Casas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
| | - Javier Florido-Ruiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.-O.); (R.K.A.S.); (J.F.-M.); (Y.R.-C.); (J.F.-R.); (I.R.); (G.E.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs), 18012 Granada, Spain
- UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958241000 (ext. 20196)
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15
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Marjot T, Ray DW, Tomlinson JW. Is it time for chronopharmacology in NASH? J Hepatol 2022; 76:1215-1224. [PMID: 35066087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver homeostasis is strongly influenced by the circadian clock, an evolutionarily conserved mechanism synchronising physiology and behaviour across a 24-hour cycle. Disruption of the clock has been heavily implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction including non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Furthermore, many of the current NASH drug candidates specifically target pathways known to be under circadian control including fatty acid synthesis and signalling via the farnesoid X receptor, fibroblast growth factor 19 and 21, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and γ, glucagon-like peptide 1, and the thyroid hormone receptor. Despite this, there has been little consideration of the application of chronopharmacology in NASH, a strategy whereby the timing of drug delivery is informed by biological rhythms in order to maximise efficacy and tolerability. Chronopharmacology has been shown to have significant clinical benefits in a variety of settings including cardiovascular disease and cancer therapy. The rationale for its application in NASH is therefore compelling. However, no clinical trials in NASH have specifically explored the impact of drug timing on disease progression and patient outcomes. This may contribute to the wide variability in reported outcomes of NASH trials and partly explain why even late-phase trials have stalled because of a lack of efficacy or safety concerns. In this opinion piece, we describe the potential for chronopharmacology in NASH, discuss how the major NASH drug candidates are influenced by circadian biology, and encourage greater consideration of the timing of drug administration in the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Marjot
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Liver Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - David W Ray
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeremy W Tomlinson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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16
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Hetman M, Slomnicki L, Hodges E, Ohri SS, Whittemore SR. Role of circadian rhythms in pathogenesis of acute CNS injuries: Insights from experimental studies. Exp Neurol 2022; 353:114080. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Guido ME, Monjes NM, Wagner PM, Salvador GA. Circadian Regulation and Clock-Controlled Mechanisms of Glycerophospholipid Metabolism from Neuronal Cells and Tissues to Fibroblasts. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:326-353. [PMID: 34697790 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Along evolution, living organisms developed a precise timekeeping system, circadian clocks, to adapt life to the 24-h light/dark cycle and temporally regulate physiology and behavior. The transcriptional molecular circadian clock and metabolic/redox oscillator conforming these clocks are present in organs, tissues, and even in individual cells, where they exert circadian control over cellular metabolism. Disruption of the molecular clock may cause metabolic disorders and higher cancer risk. The synthesis and degradation of glycerophospholipids (GPLs) is one of the most highly regulated metabolisms across the 24-h cycle in terms of total lipid content and enzyme expression and activity in the nervous system and individual cells. Lipids play a plethora of roles (membrane biogenesis, energy sourcing, signaling, and the regulation of protein-chromatin interaction, among others), making control of their metabolism a vital checkpoint in the cellular organization of physiology. An increasing body of evidence clearly demonstrates an orchestrated and sequential series of events occurring in GPL metabolism across the 24-h day in diverse retinal cell layers, immortalized fibroblasts, and glioma cells. Moreover, the clock gene Per1 and other circadian-related genes are tightly involved in the regulation of GPL synthesis in quiescent cells. However, under proliferation, the metabolic oscillator continues to control GPL metabolism of brain cancer cells even after molecular circadian clock disruption, reflecting the crucial role of the temporal metabolism organization in cell preservation. The aim of this review is to examine the control exerted by circadian clocks over GPL metabolism, their synthesizing enzyme expression and activities in normal and tumorous cells of the nervous system and in immortalized fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario E Guido
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina.
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina.
| | - Natalia M Monjes
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Paula M Wagner
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Salvador
- INIBIBB-UNS-CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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18
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de Zavalia N, Schoettner K, Goldsmith JA, Solis P, Ferraro S, Parent G, Amir S. Bmal1 in the striatum influences alcohol intake in a sexually dimorphic manner. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1227. [PMID: 34702951 PMCID: PMC8548330 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has been strongly associated with circadian clock gene expression in mammals. Analysis of clock genes revealed a potential role of Bmal1 in the control of alcohol drinking behavior. However, a causal role of Bmal1 and neural pathways through which it may influence alcohol intake have not yet been established. Here we show that selective ablation of Bmal1 (Cre/loxP system) from medium spiny neurons of the striatum induces sexual dimorphic alterations in alcohol consumption in mice, resulting in augmentation of voluntary alcohol intake in males and repression of intake in females. Per2mRNA expression, quantified by qPCR, decreases in the striatum after the deletion of Bmal1. To address the possibility that the effect of striatal Bmal1 deletion on alcohol intake and preference involves changes in the local expression of Per2, voluntary alcohol intake (two-bottle, free-choice paradigm) was studied in mice with a selective ablation of Per2 from medium spiny neurons of the striatum. Striatal ablation of Per2 increases voluntary alcohol intake in males but has no effect in females. Striatal Bmal1 and Per2 expression thus may contribute to the propensity to consume alcohol in a sex -specific manner in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria de Zavalia
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Konrad Schoettner
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jory A Goldsmith
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pavel Solis
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sarah Ferraro
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Parent
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shimon Amir
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
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19
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Wang XL, Li L. Circadian Clock Regulates Inflammation and the Development of Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:696554. [PMID: 34595127 PMCID: PMC8476957 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.696554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates numerous key physiological processes and maintains cellular, tissue, and systemic homeostasis. Disruption of circadian clock machinery influences key activities involved in immune response and brain function. Moreover, Immune activation has been closely linked to neurodegeneration. Here, we review the molecular clock machinery and the diurnal variation of immune activity. We summarize the circadian control of immunity in both central and peripheral immune cells, as well as the circadian regulation of brain cells that are implicated in neurodegeneration. We explore the important role of systemic inflammation on neurodegeneration. The circadian clock modulates cellular metabolism, which could be a mechanism underlying circadian control. We also discuss the circadian interventions implicated in inflammation and neurodegeneration. Targeting circadian clocks could be a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianjian Li
- Department of Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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20
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Wagner PM, Prucca CG, Caputto BL, Guido ME. Adjusting the Molecular Clock: The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in the Development of Glioblastomas and Its Intervention as a Therapeutic Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8289. [PMID: 34361055 PMCID: PMC8348990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are solid tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that originated from different glial cells. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies these tumors into four groups (I-IV) with increasing malignancy. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor classified as grade IV. GBMs are resistant to conventional therapies with poor prognosis after diagnosis even when the Stupp protocol that combines surgery and radiochemotherapy is applied. Nowadays, few novel therapeutic strategies have been used to improve GBM treatment, looking for higher efficiency and lower side effects, but with relatively modest results. The circadian timing system temporally organizes the physiology and behavior of most organisms and daily regulates several cellular processes in organs, tissues, and even in individual cells, including tumor cells. The potentiality of the function of the circadian clock on cancer cells modulation as a new target for novel treatments with a chronobiological basis offers a different challenge that needs to be considered in further detail. The present review will discuss state of the art regarding GBM biology, the role of the circadian clock in tumor progression, and new chrono-chemotherapeutic strategies applied for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. Wagner
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (P.M.W.); (C.G.P.); (B.L.C.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - César G. Prucca
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (P.M.W.); (C.G.P.); (B.L.C.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Beatriz L. Caputto
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (P.M.W.); (C.G.P.); (B.L.C.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Mario E. Guido
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (P.M.W.); (C.G.P.); (B.L.C.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
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21
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Adjusting the Molecular Clock: The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in the Development of Glioblastomas and Its Intervention as a Therapeutic Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8289. [PMID: 34361055 PMCID: PMC8348990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158289;] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are solid tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that originated from different glial cells. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies these tumors into four groups (I-IV) with increasing malignancy. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor classified as grade IV. GBMs are resistant to conventional therapies with poor prognosis after diagnosis even when the Stupp protocol that combines surgery and radiochemotherapy is applied. Nowadays, few novel therapeutic strategies have been used to improve GBM treatment, looking for higher efficiency and lower side effects, but with relatively modest results. The circadian timing system temporally organizes the physiology and behavior of most organisms and daily regulates several cellular processes in organs, tissues, and even in individual cells, including tumor cells. The potentiality of the function of the circadian clock on cancer cells modulation as a new target for novel treatments with a chronobiological basis offers a different challenge that needs to be considered in further detail. The present review will discuss state of the art regarding GBM biology, the role of the circadian clock in tumor progression, and new chrono-chemotherapeutic strategies applied for GBM treatment.
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22
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Yi JS, Díaz NM, D'Souza S, Buhr ED. The molecular clockwork of mammalian cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 126:87-96. [PMID: 33810978 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most organisms contain self-sustained circadian clocks. These clocks can be synchronized by environmental stimuli, but can also oscillate indefinitely in isolation. In mammals this is true at the molecular level for the majority of cell types that have been examined. A core set of "clock genes" form a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL) which repeats with a period of approximately 24 h. The exact mechanism of the TTFL differs slightly in various cell types, but all involve similar family members of the core cohort of clock genes. The clock has many outputs which are unique for different tissues. Cells in diverse tissues will convert the timing signals provided by the TTFL into uniquely orchestrated transcriptional oscillations of many clock-controlled genes and cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Yi
- University of Washington, Dept. of Ophthalmology, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nicolás M Díaz
- University of Washington, Dept. of Ophthalmology, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shane D'Souza
- Center for Chronobiology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ethan D Buhr
- University of Washington, Dept. of Ophthalmology, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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23
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Bartman CM, Matveyenko A, Pabelick C, Prakash YS. Cellular clocks in hyperoxia effects on [Ca 2+] i regulation in developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L451-L466. [PMID: 33404366 PMCID: PMC8294620 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00406.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental O2 (hyperoxia) is necessary for preterm infant survival but is associated with development of bronchial airway hyperreactivity and childhood asthma. Understanding early mechanisms that link hyperoxia to altered airway structure and function are key to developing advanced therapies. We previously showed that even moderate hyperoxia (50% O2) enhances intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and proliferation of human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM), thereby facilitating bronchoconstriction and remodeling. Here, we introduce cellular clock biology as a novel mechanism linking early oxygen exposure to airway biology. Peripheral, intracellular clocks are a network of transcription-translation feedback loops that produce circadian oscillations with downstream targets highly relevant to airway function and asthma. Premature infants suffer circadian disruption whereas entrainment strategies improve outcomes, highlighting the need to understand relationships between clocks and developing airways. We hypothesized that hyperoxia impacts clock function in fASM and that the clock can be leveraged to attenuate deleterious effects of O2 on the developing airway. We report that human fASM express core clock machinery (PER1, PER2, CRY1, ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK) that is responsive to dexamethasone (Dex) and altered by O2. Disruption of the clock via siRNA-mediated PER1 or ARNTL knockdown alters store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and [Ca2+]i response to histamine in hyperoxia. Effects of O2 on [Ca2+]i are rescued by driving expression of clock proteins, via effects on the Ca2+ channels IP3R and Orai1. These data reveal a functional fASM clock that modulates [Ca2+]i regulation, particularly in hyperoxia. Harnessing clock biology may be a novel therapeutic consideration for neonatal airway diseases following prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksey Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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24
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Pontremoli C, Forni D, Pozzoli U, Clerici M, Cagliani R, Sironi M. Kinetochore proteins and microtubule-destabilizing factors are fast evolving in eutherian mammals. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:1505-1515. [PMID: 33476453 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Centromeres have central functions in chromosome segregation, but centromeric DNA and centromere-binding proteins evolve rapidly in most eukaryotes. The selective pressure(s) underlying the fast evolution of centromere-binding proteins are presently unknown. An attractive possibility is that selfish centromeres promote their preferential inclusion in the oocyte and centromeric proteins evolve to suppress meiotic drive (centromere drive hypothesis). We analysed the selective patterns of mammalian genes that encode kinetochore proteins and microtubule (MT)-destabilizing factors. We show that several of these proteins evolve at the same rate or faster than proteins with a role in centromere specification. Elements of the kinetochore that bind MTs or that bridge the interaction between MTs and the centromere represented the major targets of positive selection. These data are in line with the possibility that the genetic conflict fuelled by meiotic drive extends beyond genes involved in centromere specification. However, we cannot exclude that different selective pressures underlie the rapid evolution of MT-destabilizing factors and kinetochore components. Whatever the nature of such pressures, they must have been constant during the evolution of eutherian mammals, as we found a surprisingly good correlation in dN/dS (ratio of the rate of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions) across orders/clades. Finally, when phylogenetic relationships were accounted for, we found little evidence that the evolutionary rates of these genes change with testes size, a proxy for sperm competition. Our data indicate that, in analogy to centromeric proteins, kinetochore components are fast evolving in mammals. This observation may imply that centromere drive plays out at multiple levels or that these proteins adapt to lineage-specific centromeric features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pontremoli
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Diego Forni
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Uberto Pozzoli
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rachele Cagliani
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Manuela Sironi
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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25
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Hou Q, Zhang S, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang D, Qi D, Li Y, Jiang H. New insights on association between circadian rhythm and lipid metabolism in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2021; 271:119145. [PMID: 33548288 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to provide new insights on the association of lipid metabolites, circadian genes and lipid metabolism associated genes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS An untargeted lipidomics using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics was used to identify the differentially expressed lipid metabolites over 24 h in Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with reference to Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The expression of circadian clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1, Cry2) and lipid metabolism related genes (Rev-erbα, Pparα and Sirt1) was analysed RT-qPCR. KEY FINDINGS Ten lipid metabolites with significant differences in their levels in SHR compared to WKY were identified. The levels of MG (25:0), PA (36:3) and PE (38:2) were lower and the levels of LysoPCs (20:0 and 20:3) and TGs (54:5, 59:12, 28:0, 60:10 and 60:13) were found to be higher in SHR. SHR showed obvious disorders in the expression of circadian genes and lipid metabolism associated genes. A strong association between the levels of lipid metabolites and circadian genes and lipid metabolism associated genes was found. SIGNIFICANCE Rhythm genes may further affect the 24-hour lipid metabolism level of spontaneously hypertensive rats by mediating lipid metabolism associated genes. This research provides new insights on the association of lipid metabolites, circadian genes and lipid metabolism associated genes in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Huanjun Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Yunlun Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China.
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China.
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26
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Wagner PM, Prucca CG, Velazquez FN, Sosa Alderete LG, Caputto BL, Guido ME. Temporal regulation of tumor growth in nocturnal mammals: In vivo studies and chemotherapeutical potential. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21231. [PMID: 33428275 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001753r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumors of the nervous system including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are the most frequent and aggressive form of brain tumors; however, little is known about the impact of the circadian timing system on the formation, growth, and treatment of these tumors. We investigated day/night differences in tumor growth after injection of A530 glioma cells isolated from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNSTs) of NPcis (Trp53+/- ; Nf1+/- ) mice. Synchronized A530 cell cultures expressing typical glial markers were injected at the beginning of the day or night into the sciatic nerve zone of C57BL/6 mice subject to a 12:12 hours light/dark (LD) cycle or after being released to constant darkness (DD). Tumors generated in animals injected early at night in the LD cycle or in DD showed higher growth rates than in animals injected diurnally. No differences were found when animals were injected at the same time with cultures synchronized 12 hours apart. Similar experiments performed with B16 melanoma cells showed higher tumor growth rates in animals injected at the beginning of the night compared to those injected in the daytime. A higher tumor growth rate than that in controls was observed when mice were injected with knocked-down clock gene Bmal1 cells. Finally, when we compared day/night administration of different doses of the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (0.5-1.5 mg/kg) in tumor-bearing animals, we found that low-dose chemotherapy displayed higher efficacy when administered at night. Results suggest the existence of a precise temporal control of tumor growth and of drug efficacy in which the host state and susceptibility are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Wagner
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - César G Prucca
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fabiola N Velazquez
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and the Department of Medicine,, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Lucas G Sosa Alderete
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS, UNRC-CONICET). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Beatriz L Caputto
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mario E Guido
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica "Ranwel Caputto", Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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27
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Cox KH, Takahashi JS. Introduction to the Clock System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1344:3-20. [PMID: 34773223 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-81147-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Circadian (24-h) rhythms dictate almost everything we do, setting our clocks for specific times of sleeping and eating, as well as optimal times for many other basic functions. The physiological systems that coordinate circadian rhythms are intricate, but at their core, they all can be distilled down to cell-autonomous rhythms that are then synchronized within and among tissues. At first glance, these cell-autonomous rhythms may seem rather straight-forward, but years of research in the field has shown that they are strikingly complex, responding to many different external signals, often with remarkable tissue-specificity. To understand the cellular clock system, it is important to be familiar with the major players, which consist of pairs of proteins in a triad of transcriptional/translational feedback loops. In this chapter, we will go through each of the core protein pairs one-by-one, summarizing the literature as to their regulation and their broader impacts on circadian gene expression. We will conclude by briefly examining the human genetics literature, as well as providing perspectives on the future of the study of the molecular clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly H Cox
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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28
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Wang XL, Wolff SEC, Korpel N, Milanova I, Sandu C, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S, Cassel JC, Kalsbeek A, Boutillier AL, Yi CX. Deficiency of the Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 Reduces Microglial Immunometabolism. Front Immunol 2020; 11:586399. [PMID: 33363534 PMCID: PMC7753637 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.586399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are brain immune cells responsible for immune surveillance. Microglial activation is, however, closely associated with neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and obesity. Therefore, it is critical that microglial immune response appropriately adapts to different stressors. The circadian clock controls the cellular process that involves the regulation of inflammation and energy hemostasis. Here, we observed a significant circadian variation in the expression of markers related to inflammation, nutrient utilization, and antioxidation in microglial cells isolated from mice. Furthermore, we found that the core clock gene-Brain and Muscle Arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) plays a role in regulating microglial immune function in mice and microglial BV-2 cells by using quantitative RT-PCR. Bmal1 deficiency decreased gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased gene expression of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory factors in microglia. These changes were also observed in Bmal1 knock-down microglial BV-2 cells under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and palmitic acid stimulations. Moreover, Bmal1 deficiency affected the expression of metabolic associated genes and metabolic processes, and increased phagocytic capacity in microglia. These findings suggest that Bmal1 is a key regulator in microglial immune response and cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Wang
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neuroscience Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Strasbourg, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Samantha E. C. Wolff
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nikita Korpel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Irina Milanova
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cristina Sandu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Christophe Cassel
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neuroscience Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UMR 7364, LNCA, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne-Laurence Boutillier
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neuroscience Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UMR 7364, LNCA, Strasbourg, France
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, Netherlands
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29
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Boon R, Silveira GG, Mostoslavsky R. Nuclear metabolism and the regulation of the epigenome. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1190-1203. [PMID: 33046909 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellular metabolism has emerged as a major biological node governing cellular behaviour. Metabolic pathways fuel cellular energy needs, providing basic chemical molecules to sustain cellular homeostasis, proliferation and function. Changes in nutrient consumption or availability therefore can result in complete reprogramming of cellular metabolism towards stabilizing core metabolite pools, such as ATP, S-adenosyl methionine, acetyl-CoA, NAD/NADP and α-ketoglutarate. Because these metabolites underlie a variety of essential metabolic reactions, metabolism has evolved to operate in separate subcellular compartments through diversification of metabolic enzyme complexes, oscillating metabolic activity and physical separation of metabolite pools. Given that these same core metabolites are also consumed by chromatin modifiers in the establishment of epigenetic signatures, metabolite consumption on and release from chromatin directly influence cellular metabolism and gene expression. In this Review, we highlight recent studies describing the mechanisms determining nuclear metabolism and governing the redistribution of metabolites between the nuclear and non-nuclear compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Boon
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giorgia G Silveira
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Raul Mostoslavsky
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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30
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Hesse J, Malhan D, Yalҫin M, Aboumanify O, Basti A, Relógio A. An Optimal Time for Treatment-Predicting Circadian Time by Machine Learning and Mathematical Modelling. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113103. [PMID: 33114254 PMCID: PMC7690897 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailoring medical interventions to a particular patient and pathology has been termed personalized medicine. The outcome of cancer treatments is improved when the intervention is timed in accordance with the patient's internal time. Yet, one challenge of personalized medicine is how to consider the biological time of the patient. Prerequisite for this so-called chronotherapy is an accurate characterization of the internal circadian time of the patient. As an alternative to time-consuming measurements in a sleep-laboratory, recent studies in chronobiology predict circadian time by applying machine learning approaches and mathematical modelling to easier accessible observables such as gene expression. Embedding these results into the mathematical dynamics between clock and cancer in mammals, we review the precision of predictions and the potential usage with respect to cancer treatment and discuss whether the patient's internal time and circadian observables, may provide an additional indication for individualized treatment timing. Besides the health improvement, timing treatment may imply financial advantages, by ameliorating side effects of treatments, thus reducing costs. Summarizing the advances of recent years, this review brings together the current clinical standard for measuring biological time, the general assessment of circadian rhythmicity, the usage of rhythmic variables to predict biological time and models of circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Hesse
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Deeksha Malhan
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Müge Yalҫin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ouda Aboumanify
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alireza Basti
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.H.); (D.M.); (M.Y.); (O.A.); (A.B.)
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Human Medicine, Institute for Systems Medicine and Bioinformatics, MSH Medical School Hamburg—University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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Aiello I, Fedele MLM, Román F, Marpegan L, Caldart C, Chiesa JJ, Golombek DA, Finkielstein CV, Paladino N. Circadian disruption promotes tumor-immune microenvironment remodeling favoring tumor cell proliferation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/42/eaaz4530. [PMID: 33055171 PMCID: PMC7556830 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz4530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian disruption negatively affects physiology, posing a global health threat that manifests in proliferative, metabolic, and immune diseases, among others. Because outputs of the circadian clock regulate daily fluctuations in the immune response, we determined whether circadian disruption results in tumor-associated immune cell remodeling, facilitating tumor growth. Our findings show that tumor growth rate increased and latency decreased under circadian disruption conditions compared to normal light-dark (LD) schedules in a murine melanoma model. Circadian disruption induced the loss or inversion of daily patterns of M1 (proinflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages and cytokine levels in spleen and tumor tissues. Circadian disruption also induced (i) deregulation of rhythmic expression of clock genes and (ii) of cyclin genes in the liver, (iii) increased CcnA2 levels in the tumor, and (iv) dampened expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21WAF/CIP1 , all of which contribute to a proliferative phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Aiello
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - M L Mul Fedele
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Román
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Marpegan
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Caldart
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J J Chiesa
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D A Golombek
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - C V Finkielstein
- Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - N Paladino
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Deletion of Bmal1 Impairs Pancreatic β-Cell Function via Mitochondrial Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9803024. [PMID: 32964049 PMCID: PMC7492957 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9803024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (Bmal1) acts as a core clock gene for maintaining normal cell function, including hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. Loss of Bmal1 is associated with type 2 diabetes due to pancreatic β-cell failure. However, little information is available about its role and mechanism in pancreatic β-cell. To address this, we investigated the consequences of Bmal1 inhibition in an insulinoma cell line (INS-1) by using small interfering RNA (siRNA). We observed that knockout of Bmal1 impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cell. Meanwhile, the depletion of Bmal1 in β-cell caused an adverse change in mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial architecture. Deletion of Bmal1 attenuated mRNA and protein expression of mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and enhanced the expression of fission 1 (Fis1). In summary, the deletion of Bmal1 impaired β-cell function may be via the mitochondrial signaling pathway in INS-1 cells.
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Circulating Exosomal miRNAs Signal Circadian Misalignment to Peripheral Metabolic Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176396. [PMID: 32899117 PMCID: PMC7503323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Night shift work increases risk of metabolic disorders, particularly obesity and insulin resistance. While the underlying mechanisms are unknown, evidence points to misalignment of peripheral oscillators causing metabolic disturbances. A pathway conveying such misalignment may involve exosome-based intercellular communication. Fourteen volunteers were assigned to a simulated day shift (DS) or night shift (NS) condition. After 3 days on the simulated shift schedule, blood samples were collected during a 24-h constant routine protocol. Exosomes were isolated from the plasma samples from each of the blood draws. Exosomes were added to naïve differentiated adipocytes, and insulin-induced pAkt/Akt expression changes were assessed. ChIP-Seq analyses for BMAL1 protein, mRNA microarrays and exosomal miRNA arrays combined with bioinformatics and functional effects of agomirs and antagomirs targeting miRNAs in NS and DS exosomal cargo were examined. Human adipocytes treated with exosomes from the NS condition showed altered Akt phosphorylation responses to insulin in comparison to those treated with exosomes from the DS condition. BMAL1 ChIP-Seq of exosome-treated adipocytes showed 42,037 binding sites in the DS condition and 5538 sites in the NS condition, with a large proportion of BMAL1 targets including genes encoding for metabolic regulators. A significant and restricted miRNA exosomal signature emerged after exposure to the NS condition. Among the exosomal miRNAs regulated differentially after 3 days of simulated NS versus DS, proof-of-concept validation of circadian misalignment signaling was demonstrated with hsa-mir-3614-5p. Exosomes from the NS condition markedly altered expression of key genes related to circadian rhythm in several cultured cell types, including adipocytes, myocytes, and hepatocytes, along with significant changes in 29 genes and downstream gene network interactions. Our results indicate that a simulated NS schedule leads to changes in exosomal cargo in the circulation. These changes promote reduction of insulin sensitivity of adipocytes in vitro and alter the expression of core clock genes in peripheral tissues. Circulating exosomal miRNAs may play an important role in metabolic dysfunction in NS workers by serving as messengers of circadian misalignment to peripheral tissues.
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Li E, Li X, Huang J, Xu C, Liang Q, Ren K, Bai A, Lu C, Qian R, Sun N. BMAL1 regulates mitochondrial fission and mitophagy through mitochondrial protein BNIP3 and is critical in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy. Protein Cell 2020; 11:661-679. [PMID: 32277346 PMCID: PMC7452999 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of circadian rhythms associates with cardiovascular disorders. It is known that deletion of the core circadian gene Bmal1 in mice causes dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the biological rhythm regulation system in mouse is very different from that of humans. Whether BMAL1 plays a role in regulating human heart function remains unclear. Here we generated a BMAL1 knockout human embryonic stem cell (hESC) model and further derived human BMAL1 deficient cardiomyocytes. We show that BMAL1 deficient hESC-derived cardiomyocytes exhibited typical phenotypes of dilated cardiomyopathy including attenuated contractility, calcium dysregulation, and disorganized myofilaments. In addition, mitochondrial fission and mitophagy were suppressed in BMAL1 deficient hESC-cardiomyocytes, which resulted in significantly attenuated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and compromised cardiomyocyte function. We also found that BMAL1 binds to the E-box element in the promoter region of BNIP3 gene and specifically controls BNIP3 protein expression. BMAL1 knockout directly reduced BNIP3 protein level, causing compromised mitophagy and mitochondria dysfunction and thereby leading to compromised cardiomyocyte function. Our data indicated that the core circadian gene BMAL1 is critical for normal mitochondria activities and cardiac function. Circadian rhythm disruption may directly link to compromised heart function and dilated cardiomyopathy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiuya Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kehan Ren
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Aobing Bai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ruizhe Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Key Lab of Birth Defect, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Bartman CM, Matveyenko A, Prakash YS. It's about time: clocks in the developing lung. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:39-50. [PMID: 31895049 DOI: 10.1172/jci130143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of peripheral intracellular clocks revealed circadian oscillations of clock genes and their targets in all cell types, including those in the lung, sparking exploration of clocks in lung disease pathophysiology. While the focus has been on the role of these clocks in adult airway diseases, clock biology is also likely to be important in perinatal lung development, where it has received far less attention. Historically, fetal circadian rhythms have been considered irrelevant owing to lack of external light exposure, but more recent insights into peripheral clock biology raise questions of clock emergence, its concordance with tissue-specific structure/function, the interdependence of clock synchrony and functionality in perinatal lung development, and the possibility of lung clocks in priming the fetus for postnatal life. Understanding the perinatal molecular clock may unravel mechanistic targets for chronic airway disease across the lifespan. With current research providing more questions than answers, it is about time to investigate clocks in the developing lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksey Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine and.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Bartman CM, Prakash YS. Bringing the cellular clock into understanding lung disease: it's time, period! Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L273-L276. [PMID: 32639868 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00320.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Suppression of circadian clock protein cryptochrome 2 promotes osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:966-976. [PMID: 32339698 PMCID: PMC7476803 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal chondrocyte gene expression promotes osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. A previous RNA-sequencing study revealed that circadian rhythm pathway and expression of core clock gene cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) are dysregulated in human OA cartilage. Here we determined expression patterns and function CRY1 and CRY2. METHODS CRY mRNA and protein expression was analyzed in normal and OA human and mouse cartilage. Mice with deletion of Cry1 or Cry2 were analyzed for severity of experimental OA and to determine genes and pathways that are regulated by Cry. RESULTS In human OA cartilage, CRY2 but not CRY1 staining and mRNA expression was significantly decreased. Cry2 was also suppressed in mice with aging-related OA. Cry2 knock out (KO) but not Cry1 KO mice with experimental OA showed significantly increased severity of histopathological changes in cartilage, subchondral bone and synovium. In OA chondrocytes, the levels of CRY1 and CRY2 and the amplitude of circadian fluctuation were significantly lower. RNA-seq on knee articular cartilage of wild-type and Cry2 KO mice identified 53 differentially expressed genes, including known Cry2 target circadian genes Nr1d1, Nr1d2, Dbp and Tef. Pathway analysis that circadian rhythm and extracellular matrix remodeling were dysregulated in Cry2 KO mice. CONCLUSIONS These results show an active role of the circadian clock in general, and of CRY2 in particular, in maintaining extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis in cartilage. This cell autonomous network of circadian rhythm genes is disrupted in OA chondrocytes. Targeting CRY2 has potential to correct abnormal gene expression patterns and reduce the severity of OA.
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Re CJ, Batterman AI, Gerstner JR, Buono RJ, Ferraro TN. The Molecular Genetic Interaction Between Circadian Rhythms and Susceptibility to Seizures and Epilepsy. Front Neurol 2020; 11:520. [PMID: 32714261 PMCID: PMC7344275 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizure patterns observed in patients with epilepsy suggest that circadian rhythms and sleep/wake mechanisms play some role in the disease. This review addresses key topics in the relationship between circadian rhythms and seizures in epilepsy. We present basic information on circadian biology, but focus on research studying the influence of both the time of day and the sleep/wake cycle as independent but related factors on the expression of seizures in epilepsy. We review studies investigating how seizures and epilepsy disrupt expression of core clock genes, and how disruption of clock mechanisms impacts seizures and the development of epilepsy. We focus on the overlap between mechanisms of circadian-associated changes in SCN neuronal excitability and mechanisms of epileptogenesis as a means of identifying key pathways and molecules that could represent new targets or strategies for epilepsy therapy. Finally, we review the concept of chronotherapy and provide a perspective regarding its application to patients with epilepsy based on their individual characteristics (i.e., being a “morning person” or a “night owl”). We conclude that better understanding of the relationship between circadian rhythms, neuronal excitability, and seizures will allow both the identification of new therapeutic targets for treating epilepsy as well as more effective treatment regimens using currently available pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Re
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Alexander I Batterman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Jason R Gerstner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Russell J Buono
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
| | - Thomas N Ferraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States
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Fatima N, Rana S. Metabolic implications of circadian disruption. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:513-526. [PMID: 32363530 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. In mammals, circadian rhythms are driven by a central clock located in suprachiasmatic nucleus and various peripheral clocks located in different tissues and organs of the body. Many cellular, behavioral, and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The process of metabolism is also under circadian regulation. Loss of synchronization between the internal clock and environmental zeitgebers results in disruption of the circadian rhythms that seriously impacts metabolic homeostasis leading to changed eating behavior, altered glucose and lipid metabolism, and weight gain. This in turn augments the risk of having various cardio-metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. This review sheds light on circadian rhythms and their role in metabolism with the identification of gaps in the current knowledge that remain to be explored in these fields. In this review, the molecular mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms have been elaborated first. Then, the focus has been kept on explaining the physiological significance of circadian rhythms in regulating metabolism. Finally, the implications for metabolism when these rhythms are disrupted due to genetic mutations or social and occupational needs enforced by modern lifestyle have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjis Fatima
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Rana
- Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Ameneiro C, Moreira T, Fuentes-Iglesias A, Coego A, Garcia-Outeiral V, Escudero A, Torrecilla D, Mulero-Navarro S, Carvajal-Gonzalez JM, Guallar D, Fidalgo M. BMAL1 coordinates energy metabolism and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e201900534. [PMID: 32284354 PMCID: PMC7156282 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BMAL1 is essential for the regulation of circadian rhythms in differentiated cells and adult stem cells, but the molecular underpinnings of its function in pluripotent cells, which hold a great potential in regenerative medicine, remain to be addressed. Here, using transient and permanent loss-of-function approaches in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), we reveal that although BMAL1 is dispensable for the maintenance of the pluripotent state, its depletion leads to deregulation of transcriptional programs linked to cell differentiation commitment. We further confirm that depletion of Bmal1 alters the differentiation potential of ESCs in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that BMAL1 participates in the regulation of energy metabolism maintaining a low mitochondrial function which is associated with pluripotency. Loss-of-function of Bmal1 leads to the deregulation of metabolic gene expression associated with a shift from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism. Our results highlight the important role that BMAL1 plays at the exit of pluripotency in vitro and provide evidence implicating a non-canonical circadian function of BMAL1 in the metabolic control for cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ameneiro
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tiago Moreira
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro Fuentes-Iglesias
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alba Coego
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vera Garcia-Outeiral
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adriana Escudero
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Torrecilla
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sonia Mulero-Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Diana Guallar
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC)-Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physiology, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Ullah K, Chen S, Lu J, Wang X, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Long Y, Hu Z, Xu G. The E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 attenuates cell senescence by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of the core circadian regulator BMAL1. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4696-4708. [PMID: 32041778 PMCID: PMC7135990 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is one of the most important processes determining cell fate and is involved in many pathophysiological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and other aging-associated diseases. It has recently been discovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1 (STUB1 or CHIP) is up-regulated during the senescence of human fibroblasts and modulates cell senescence. However, the molecular mechanism underlying STUB1-controlled senescence is not clear. Here, using affinity purification and MS-based analysis, we discovered that STUB1 binds to brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1, also called aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL)). Through biochemical experiments, we confirmed the STUB1-BMAL1 interaction, identified their interaction domains, and revealed that STUB1 overexpression down-regulates BMAL1 protein levels through STUB1's enzymatic activity and that STUB1 knockdown increases BMAL1 levels. Further experiments disclosed that STUB1 enhances BMAL1 degradation, which is abolished upon proteasome inhibition. Moreover, we found that STUB1 promotes the formation of Lys-48-linked polyubiquitin chains on BMAL1, facilitating its proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, we also discovered that oxidative stress promotes STUB1 nuclear translocation and enhances its co-localization with BMAL1. STUB1 expression attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell senescence, indicated by a reduced signal in senescence-associated β-gal staining and decreased protein levels of two cell senescence markers, p53 and p21. BMAL1 knockdown diminishes this effect, and BMAL1 overexpression abolishes STUB1's effect on cell senescence. In summary, the results of our work reveal that the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 ubiquitinates and degrades its substrate BMAL1 and thereby alleviates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kifayat Ullah
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Suping Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yaqiu Long
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhanhong Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Blaževitš O, Bolshette N, Vecchio D, Guijarro A, Croci O, Campaner S, Grimaldi B. MYC-Associated Factor MAX is a Regulator of the Circadian Clock. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2294. [PMID: 32225100 PMCID: PMC7177918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian transcriptional network is based on a competition between transcriptional activator and repressor complexes regulating the rhythmic expression of clock-controlled genes. We show here that the MYC-associated factor X, MAX, plays a repressive role in this network and operates through a MYC-independent binding to E-box-containing regulatory regions within the promoters of circadian BMAL1 targets. We further show that this "clock" function of MAX is required for maintaining a proper circadian rhythm and that MAX and BMAL1 contribute to two temporally alternating transcriptional complexes on clock-regulated promoters. We also identified MAX network transcriptional repressor, MNT, as a fundamental partner of MAX-mediated circadian regulation. Collectively, our data indicate that MAX regulates clock gene expression and contributes to keeping the balance between positive and negative elements of the molecular clock machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Blaževitš
- Molecular Medicine Research Line, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16135 Genoa, Italy; (O.B.); (N.B.); (D.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Nityanand Bolshette
- Molecular Medicine Research Line, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16135 Genoa, Italy; (O.B.); (N.B.); (D.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Donatella Vecchio
- Molecular Medicine Research Line, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16135 Genoa, Italy; (O.B.); (N.B.); (D.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Ana Guijarro
- Molecular Medicine Research Line, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16135 Genoa, Italy; (O.B.); (N.B.); (D.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Ottavio Croci
- Center for Genomic Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 20139 Milan, Italy; (O.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefano Campaner
- Center for Genomic Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 20139 Milan, Italy; (O.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Benedetto Grimaldi
- Molecular Medicine Research Line, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16135 Genoa, Italy; (O.B.); (N.B.); (D.V.); (A.G.)
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43
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Defining the Independence of the Liver Circadian Clock. Cell 2020; 177:1448-1462.e14. [PMID: 31150621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammals rely on a network of circadian clocks to control daily systemic metabolism and physiology. The central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is considered hierarchically dominant over peripheral clocks, whose degree of independence, or tissue-level autonomy, has never been ascertained in vivo. Using arrhythmic Bmal1-null mice, we generated animals with reconstituted circadian expression of BMAL1 exclusively in the liver (Liver-RE). High-throughput transcriptomics and metabolomics show that the liver has independent circadian functions specific for metabolic processes such as the NAD+ salvage pathway and glycogen turnover. However, although BMAL1 occupies chromatin at most genomic targets in Liver-RE mice, circadian expression is restricted to ∼10% of normally rhythmic transcripts. Finally, rhythmic clock gene expression is lost in Liver-RE mice under constant darkness. Hence, full circadian function in the liver depends on signals emanating from other clocks, and light contributes to tissue-autonomous clock function.
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Melatonin Relations with Energy Metabolism as Possibly Involved in Fatal Mountain Road Traffic Accidents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062184. [PMID: 32235717 PMCID: PMC7139848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous results evidenced acute exposure to high altitude (HA) weakening the relation between daily melatonin cycle and the respiratory quotient. This review deals with the threat extreme environments pose on body time order, particularly concerning energy metabolism. Working at HA, at poles, or in space challenge our ancestral inborn body timing system. This conflict may also mark many aspects of our current lifestyle, involving shift work, rapid time zone crossing, and even prolonged office work in closed buildings. Misalignments between external and internal rhythms, in the short term, traduce into risk of mental and physical performance shortfalls, mood changes, quarrels, drug and alcohol abuse, failure to accomplish with the mission and, finally, high rates of fatal accidents. Relations of melatonin with energy metabolism being altered under a condition of hypoxia focused our attention on interactions of the indoleamine with redox state, as well as, with autonomic regulations. Individual tolerance/susceptibility to such interactions may hint at adequately dealing with body timing disorders under extreme conditions.
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Lu D, Zhao M, Chen M, Wu B. Circadian Clock-Controlled Drug Metabolism: Implications for Chronotherapeutics. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:395-406. [PMID: 32114506 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.090472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dependence of drug metabolism on dosing time has long been recognized. However, only recently are the underlying mechanisms for circadian drug metabolism being clarified. Diurnal rhythmicity in expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is believed to be a key factor determining circadian metabolism. Supporting the notion that biological rhythms are generated and maintained by the circadian clock, a number of diurnal enzymes are under the control of the circadian clock. In general, circadian clock genes generate and regulate diurnal rhythmicity in drug-metabolizing enzymes via transcriptional actions on one or two of three cis-elements (i.e., E-box, D-box, and Rev-erb response element or RAR-related orphan receptor response element). Additionally, cycling or clock-controlled nuclear receptors such as hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ are contributors to diurnal enzyme expression. These newly discovered mechanisms for each of the rhythmic enzymes are reviewed in this article. We also discuss how the rhythms of enzymes are translated to circadian pharmacokinetics and drug chronotoxicity, which has direct implications for chronotherapeutics. Our discussion is also extended to two diurnal transporters (P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2) that have an important role in drug absorption. Although the experimental evidence is lacking in metabolism-based chronoefficacy, circadian genes (e.g., Rev-erbα) as drug targets are shown to account for diurnal variability in drug efficacy. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms for generation of diurnal rhythmicity in drug-metabolizing enzymes. In this article, we review the newly discovered mechanisms for each of the rhythmic enzymes and discuss how the rhythms of enzymes are translated to circadian pharmacokinetics and drug chronotoxicity, which has direct implications for chronotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Lu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (D.L., M.Z., M.C., B.W.) and International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (B.W.)
| | - Mengjing Zhao
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (D.L., M.Z., M.C., B.W.) and International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (B.W.)
| | - Min Chen
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (D.L., M.Z., M.C., B.W.) and International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (B.W.)
| | - Baojian Wu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (D.L., M.Z., M.C., B.W.) and International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (B.W.)
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Ramos CA, Ouyang C, Qi Y, Chung Y, Cheng CT, LaBarge MA, Seewaldt VL, Ann DK. A Non-canonical Function of BMAL1 Metabolically Limits Obesity-Promoted Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. iScience 2020; 23:100839. [PMID: 32058954 PMCID: PMC6997869 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological association between disrupted circadian rhythms and metabolic diseases is implicated in increased risk of human breast cancer and poor therapeutic outcomes. To define a metabolic phenotype and the underlying molecular mechanism, we applied chronic insulin treatment (CIT) to an in vitro model of triple-negative breast cancer to directly address how BMAL1, a key circadian transcription factor, regulates cancer cell respiration and governs tumor progression. At the cellular level, BMAL1 suppresses the flexibility of mitochondrial substrate usage and the pyruvate-dependent mitochondrial respiration induced by CIT. We established an animal model of diet-induced obesity/hyperinsulinemia and observed that BMAL1 functions as a tumor suppressor in obese, but not lean, mice. Downregulation of BMAL1 is associated with higher risk of metastasis in human breast tumors. In summary, loss of BMAL1 in tumors confers advantages to cancer cells in both intrinsic mitochondrial metabolism and extrinsic inflammatory tumor microenvironment during pre-diabetic obesity/hyperinsulinemia. Circadian regulator BMAL1 rewires metabolism in a chronic insulin-treated TNBC model Pyruvate links BMAL1 to mitochondrial bioenergetics BMAL1 suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis in hyperinsulinemic obese mice BMAL1 influences tumor microenvironment in high-fat-diet-fed mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra A Ramos
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ching Ouyang
- Center for Informatics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yiyin Chung
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Chun-Ting Cheng
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Victoria L Seewaldt
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - David K Ann
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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Dakup PP, Porter KI, Gajula RP, Goel PN, Cheng Z, Gaddameedhi S. The circadian clock protects against ionizing radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. FASEB J 2020; 34:3347-3358. [PMID: 31919902 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901850rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used to treat solid tumors of the breast, lung, and esophagus; however, the heart is an unintentional target of ionizing radiation (IR). IR exposure to the heart results in chronic toxicities including heart failure. We hypothesize that the circadian system plays regulatory roles in minimizing the IR-induced cardiotoxicity. We treated mice in control (Day Shift), environmentally disrupted (Rotating Shift), and genetically disrupted (Per 1/2 mutant) circadian conditions with 18 Gy of IR to the heart. Compared to control mice, circadian clock disruption significantly exacerbated post-IR systolic dysfunction (by ultrasound echocardiography) and increased fibrosis in mice. At the cellular level, Bmal1 protein bound to Atm, Brca1, and Brca2 promoter regions and its expression level was inversely correlated with the DNA damage levels based on the state of the clock. Further studies with circadian synchronized cardiomyocytes revealed that Bmal1 depletion increased the IR-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that the circadian clock protects from IR-induced toxicity and potentially impacts RT treatment outcome in cancer patients through IR-induced DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panshak P Dakup
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth I Porter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Rajendra P Gajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Peeyush N Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhaokang Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.,Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
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Keshvari M, Nejadtaghi M, Hosseini-Beheshti F, Rastqar A, Patel N. Exploring the role of circadian clock gene and association with cancer pathophysiology. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:151-175. [PMID: 31791146 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1681440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most of the processes that occur in the mind and body follow natural rhythms. Those with a cycle length of about one day are called circadian rhythms. These rhythms are driven by a system of self-sustained clocks and are entrained by environmental cues such as light-dark cycles as well as food intake. In mammals, the circadian clock system is hierarchically organized such that the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus integrates environmental information and synchronizes the phase of oscillators in peripheral tissues.The circadian system is responsible for regulating a variety of physiological and behavioral processes, including feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Studies revealed that the circadian clock system consists primarily of a set of clock genes. Several genes control the biological clock, including BMAL1, CLOCK (positive regulators), CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, and PER3 (negative regulators) as indicators of the peripheral clock.Circadian has increasingly become an important area of medical research, with hundreds of studies pointing to the body's internal clocks as a factor in both health and disease. Thousands of biochemical processes from sleep and wakefulness to DNA repair are scheduled and dictated by these internal clocks. Cancer is an example of health problems where chronotherapy can be used to improve outcomes and deliver a higher quality of care to patients.In this article, we will discuss knowledge about molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock and the role of clocks in physiology and pathophysiology of concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Keshvari
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Nejadtaghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rastqar
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Niraj Patel
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Barik S. Molecular Interactions between Pathogens and the Circadian Clock. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235824. [PMID: 31756974 PMCID: PMC6928883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The daily periodicity of the Earth's rotation around the Sun, referred to as circadian (Latin "circa" = about, and "diem" = day), is also mirrored in the behavior and metabolism of living beings. The discovery that dedicated cellular genes control various aspects of this periodicity has led to studies of the molecular mechanism of the circadian response at the cellular level. It is now established that the circadian genes impact on a large network of hormonal, metabolic, and immunological pathways, affecting multiple aspects of biology. Recent studies have extended the role of the circadian system to the regulation of infection, host-pathogen interaction, and the resultant disease outcome. This critical review summarizes our current knowledge of circadian-pathogen interaction at both systemic and cellular levels, but with emphasis on the molecular aspects of the regulation. Wherever applicable, the potential of a direct interaction between circadian factors and pathogenic macromolecules is also explored. Finally, this review offers new directions and guidelines for future research in this area, which should facilitate progress.
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50
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Dufor T, Grehl S, Tang AD, Doulazmi M, Traoré M, Debray N, Dubacq C, Deng ZD, Mariani J, Lohof AM, Sherrard RM. Neural circuit repair by low-intensity magnetic stimulation requires cellular magnetoreceptors and specific stimulation patterns. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav9847. [PMID: 31692960 PMCID: PMC6821463 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav9847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Although electromagnetic brain stimulation is a promising treatment in neurology and psychiatry, clinical outcomes are variable, and underlying mechanisms are ill-defined, which impedes the development of new effective stimulation protocols. Here, we show, in vivo and ex vivo, that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at low-intensity (LI-rTMS) induces axon outgrowth and synaptogenesis to repair a neural circuit. This repair depends on stimulation pattern, with complex biomimetic patterns being particularly effective, and the presence of cryptochrome, a putative magnetoreceptor. Only repair-promoting LI-rTMS patterns up-regulated genes involved in neuronal repair; almost 40% of were cryptochrome targets. Our data open a new framework to understand the mechanisms underlying structural neuroplasticity induced by electromagnetic stimulation. Rather than neuronal activation by induced electric currents, we propose that weak magnetic fields act through cryptochrome to activate cellular signaling cascades. This information opens new routes to optimize electromagnetic stimulation and develop effective treatments for different neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Dufor
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - S. Grehl
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - A. D. Tang
- Experimental and Regenerative Neuroscience, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - M. Doulazmi
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | | | - N. Debray
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - C. Dubacq
- Sorbonne Université, IBPS, CNRS UMR 8246 and INSERM U1130 Neuroscience Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Z.-D. Deng
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J. Mariani
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut de la Longévité, Charles Foix Hospital, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - A. M. Lohof
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - R. M. Sherrard
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, IBPS, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut de la Longévité, Charles Foix Hospital, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
- Corresponding author.
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