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Kalugotla G, Marmerstein V, Baldridge MT. Regulation of host/pathogen interactions in the gastrointestinal tract by type I and III interferons. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 87:102425. [PMID: 38763032 PMCID: PMC11162908 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are an integral component of the host innate immune response during viral infection. Recent advances in the study of type I and III IFNs suggest that though both types counteract viral infection, type III IFNs act predominantly at epithelial barrier sites, while type I IFNs drive systemic responses. The dynamics and specific roles of type I versus III IFNs have been studied in the context of infection by a variety of enteric pathogens, including reovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, and intestinal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, revealing shared patterns of regulatory influence. An important role for the gut microbiota, including the virome, in regulating homeostasis and priming of intestinal IFN responses has also recently emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Kalugotla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivien Marmerstein
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan T Baldridge
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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2
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Hensel IV, Éliás S, Steinhauer M, Stoll B, Benfatto S, Merkt W, Krienke S, Lorenz HM, Haas J, Wildemann B, Resnik-Docampo M. SLE serum induces altered goblet cell differentiation and leakiness in human intestinal organoids. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:547-574. [PMID: 38316934 PMCID: PMC10940301 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Human intestinal epithelial cells are the interface between luminal content and basally residing immune cells. They form a tight monolayer that constantly secretes mucus creating a multilayered protective barrier. Alterations in this barrier can lead to increased permeability which is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, it remains unexplored how the barrier is affected. Here, we present an in vitro model specifically designed to examine the effects of SLE on epithelial cells. We utilize human colon organoids that are stimulated with serum from SLE patients. Combining transcriptomic with functional analyses revealed that SLE serum induced an expression profile marked by a reduction of goblet cell markers and changed mucus composition. In addition, organoids exhibited imbalanced cellular composition along with enhanced permeability, altered mitochondrial function, and an interferon gene signature. Similarly, transcriptomic analysis of SLE colon biopsies revealed a downregulation of secretory markers. Our work uncovers a crucial connection between SLE and intestinal homeostasis that might be promoted in vivo through the blood, offering insights into the causal connection of barrier dysfunction and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wolfgang Merkt
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Krienke
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Martin Lorenz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Haas
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Shao Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhu S, Wu J, Ma K, Li G, Huang S, Wen H, Zhang C, Ma XL, Li P, Du J, Li Y. ATF3 coordinates the survival and proliferation of cardiac macrophages and protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:28-45. [PMID: 39195894 PMCID: PMC11358155 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac resident MerTK+ macrophages exert multiple protective roles after ischemic injury; however, the mechanisms regulating their fate are not fully understood. In the present study, we show that the GAS6-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), prevents apoptosis of MerTK+ macrophages after ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury by repressing the transcription of multiple genes involved in type I interferon expression (Ifih1 and Ifnb1) and apoptosis (Apaf1). Mice lacking ATF3 in cardiac macrophages or myeloid cells showed excessive loss of MerTK+ cardiac macrophages, poor angiogenesis and worse heart dysfunction after IR, which were rescued by the transfer of MerTK+ cardiac macrophages. GAS6 administration improved cardiac repair in an ATF3-dependent manner. Finally, we showed a negative association of GAS6 and ATF3 expression with the risk of major adverse cardiac events in patients with ischemic heart disease. These results indicate that the GAS6-ATF3 axis has a protective role against IR injury by regulating MerTK+ cardiac macrophage survival and/or proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Shao
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuolin Zhu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Wu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haichu Wen
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
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4
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Marzoog BA. Cytokines and Regulating Epithelial Cell Division. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:190-200. [PMID: 38213162 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501279979240101051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Physiologically, cytokines play an extremely important role in maintaining cellular and subcellular homeostasis, as they interact almost with every cell in the organism. Therefore, cytokines play a significantly critical role in the field of pathogenic pharmacological therapy of different types of pathologies. Cytokine is a large family containing many subfamilies and can be evaluated into groups according to their action on epithelial cell proliferation; stimulatory include transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), Interlukine-22 (IL-22), IL-13, IL-6, IL-1RA and IL-17 and inhibitory include IL-1α, interferon type I (IFN type I), and TGF-β. The balance between stimulatory and inhibitory cytokines is essential for maintaining normal epithelial cell turnover and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of cytokine production can contribute to various pathological conditions, including inflammatory disorders, tissue damage, and cancer. Several cytokines have shown the ability to affect programmed cell death (apoptosis) and the capability to suppress non-purpose cell proliferation. Clinically, understanding the role of cytokines' role in epithelial tissue is crucial for evaluating a novel therapeutic target that can be of use as a new tactic in the management of carcinomas and tissue healing capacity. The review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of current knowledge regarding the multifaceted effects of cytokines on epithelial cell proliferation, with a particular emphasis on the intestinal epithelium. Also, the paper will highlight the diverse signaling pathways activated by cytokines and their downstream consequences on epithelial cell division. It will also explore the potential therapeutic implications of targeting cytokine- epithelial cell interactions in the context of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
- World-Class Research Center «Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare», I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Jones LO, Willms RJ, Xu X, Graham RDV, Eklund M, Shin M, Foley E. Single-cell resolution of the adult zebrafish intestine under conventional conditions and in response to an acute Vibrio cholerae infection. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113407. [PMID: 37948182 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is an aquatic bacterium that causes severe and potentially deadly diarrheal disease. Despite the impact on global health, our understanding of host mucosal responses to Vibrio remains limited, highlighting a knowledge gap critical for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Using a natural infection model, we combine physiological and single-cell transcriptomic studies to characterize conventionally reared adult zebrafish guts and guts challenged with Vibrio. We demonstrate that Vibrio causes a mild mucosal immune response characterized by T cell activation and enhanced antigen capture; Vibrio suppresses host interferon signaling; and ectopic activation of interferon alters the course of infection. We show that the adult zebrafish gut shares similarities with mammalian counterparts, including the presence of Best4+ cells, tuft cells, and a population of basal cycling cells. These findings provide important insights into host-pathogen interactions and emphasize the utility of zebrafish as a natural model of Vibrio infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena O Jones
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reegan J Willms
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xinyue Xu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ralph Derrick V Graham
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mckenna Eklund
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Minjeong Shin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edan Foley
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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6
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Xu C, Wang A, Ebraham L, Sullivan L, Tasker C, Pizutelli V, Couret J, Hernandez C, Kolli P, Deb PQ, Fritzky L, Subbian S, Gao N, Lo Y, Salvatore M, Rivera A, Lemenze A, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P, Tyagi S, Lu W, Beaulieu A, Chang TL. Interferon ɛ restricts Zika virus infection in the female reproductive tract. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad350. [PMID: 37954158 PMCID: PMC10639110 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Interferon ɛ (IFNɛ) is a unique type I IFN that has been implicated in host defense against sexually transmitted infections. Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging pathogen, can infect the female reproductive tract (FRT) and cause devastating diseases, particularly in pregnant women. How IFNɛ contributes to protection against ZIKV infection in vivo is unknown. In this study, we show that IFNɛ plays a critical role in host protection against vaginal ZIKV infection in mice. We found that IFNɛ was expressed not only by epithelial cells in the FRT but also by immune and stromal cells at baseline or after exposure to viruses or specific Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. IFNɛ-deficient mice exhibited abnormalities in the epithelial border and underlying tissue in the cervicovaginal tract, and these defects were associated with increased susceptibility to vaginal but not subcutaneous ZIKV infection. IFNɛ deficiency resulted in an increase in magnitude, duration, and depth of ZIKV infection in the FRT. Critically, intravaginal administration of recombinant IFNɛ protected Ifnɛ-/- mice and highly susceptible Ifnar1-/- mice against vaginal ZIKV infection, indicating that IFNɛ was sufficient to provide protection even in the absence of signals from other type I IFNs and in an IFNAR1-independent manner. Our findings reveal a potentially critical role for IFNɛ in mediating protection against the transmission of ZIKV in the context of sexual contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xu
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Annie Wang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Laith Ebraham
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Liam Sullivan
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Carley Tasker
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Vanessa Pizutelli
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jennifer Couret
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Cyril Hernandez
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Priyanka Kolli
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Pratik Q Deb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Luke Fritzky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Rutgers, School of Art and Science-Newark, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Yungtai Lo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mirella Salvatore
- Departmentof Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amariliz Rivera
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Alexander Lemenze
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Tyagi
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Science, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aimee Beaulieu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Theresa L Chang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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7
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de Geus ED, Volaric JS, Matthews AY, Mangan NE, Chang J, Ooi JD, de Weerd NA, Giles EM, Hertzog PJ. Epithelially Restricted Interferon Epsilon Protects Against Colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:267-278. [PMID: 37879406 PMCID: PMC10765064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Type I interferon (T1IFN) signalling is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. We previously found that the novel T1IFN, IFNε, is highly expressed by epithelial cells of the female reproductive tract, where it protects against pathogens. Its function has not been studied in the intestine. We hypothesize that IFNε is important in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. METHODS We characterized IFNε expression in mouse and human intestine by immunostaining and studied its function in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model using both genetic knockouts and neutralizing antibody. RESULTS We demonstrate that IFNε is expressed in human and mouse intestinal epithelium, and expression is lost in inflammation. Furthermore, we show that IFNε limits intestinal inflammation in mouse models. Regulatory T cell (Treg) frequencies were paradoxically decreased in DSS-treated IFNε-/- mice, suggesting a role for IFNε in maintaining the intestinal Treg compartment. Colitis was ameliorated by transfer of wild-type Tregs into IFNε-/- mice. This demonstrates that IFNε supports intestinal Treg function. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we have shown IFNε expression in intestinal epithelium and its critical role in gut homeostasis. Given its known role in the female reproductive tract, we now show IFNε has a protective role across multiple mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline D de Geus
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jennifer S Volaric
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Antony Y Matthews
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Niamh E Mangan
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Janet Chang
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole A de Weerd
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Edward M Giles
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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8
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Cortez V, Livingston B, Sharp B, Hargest V, Papizan JB, Pedicino N, Lanning S, Jordan SV, Gulman J, Vogel P, DuBois RM, Crawford JC, Boyd DF, Pruett-Miller SM, Thomas PG, Schultz-Cherry S. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 regulates cell permissivity to astrovirus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:551-562. [PMID: 37290501 PMCID: PMC10528345 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Astroviruses cause a spectrum of diseases spanning asymptomatic infections to severe diarrhea, but little is understood about their pathogenesis. We previously determined that small intestinal goblet cells were the main cell type infected by murine astrovirus-1. Here, we focused on the host immune response to infection and inadvertently discovered a role for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1), a host tryptophan catabolizing enzyme, in the cellular tropism of murine and human astroviruses. We identified that Ido1 expression was highly enriched among infected goblet cells, and spatially corresponded to the zonation of infection. Because Ido1 can act as a negative regulator of inflammation, we hypothesized it could dampen host antiviral responses. Despite robust interferon signaling in goblet cells, as well as tuft cell and enterocyte bystanders, we observed delayed cytokine induction and suppressed levels of fecal lipocalin-2. Although we found Ido-/- animals were more resistant to infection, this was not associated with fewer goblet cells nor could it be rescued by knocking out interferon responses, suggesting that IDO1 instead regulates cell permissivity. We characterized IDO1-/- Caco-2 cells and observed significantly reduced human astrovirus-1 infection. Together this study highlights a role for Ido1 in astrovirus infection and epithelial cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Cortez
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA.
| | - Brandi Livingston
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bridgett Sharp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Virginia Hargest
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - James B Papizan
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Natalie Pedicino
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - Sarah Lanning
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Summer Vaughn Jordan
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - Jacob Gulman
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Veterinary Pathology Core, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rebecca M DuBois
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Jeremy Chase Crawford
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David F Boyd
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Development Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stacey Schultz-Cherry
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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9
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Xu C, Wang A, Ebraham L, Sullivan L, Tasker C, Pizutelli V, Couret J, Hernandez C, Deb PQ, Fritzky L, Subbian S, Gao N, Lo Y, Salvatore M, Rivera A, Lemenze A, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P, Tyagi S, Lu W, Beaulieu A, Chang TL. Interferon ε restricts Zika virus infection in the female reproductive tract. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.06.535968. [PMID: 37066223 PMCID: PMC10104157 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.06.535968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Interferon ε (IFNε) is a unique type I IFN that has been implicated in host defense against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging pathogen, can infect the female reproductive tract (FRT) and cause devastating diseases, particularly in pregnant women. How IFNε contributes to protection against ZIKV infection in vivo is unknown. Here, we show that IFNε plays a critical role in host protection against vaginal ZIKV infection in mice. We found that IFNε was expressed not only by epithelial cells in the FRT, but also by certain immune and other cells at baseline or after exposure to viruses or specific TLR agonists. IFNε-deficient mice exhibited abnormalities in the epithelial border and underlying tissue in the cervicovaginal tract, and these defects were associated with increased susceptibility to vaginal, but not subcutaneous ZIKV infection. IFNε-deficiency resulted in an increase in magnitude, duration, and depth of ZIKV infection in the FRT. Critically, intravaginal administration of recombinant IFNε protected Ifnε-/- mice and highly susceptible Ifnar1-/- mice against vaginal ZIKV infection, indicating that IFNε was sufficient to provide protection even in the absence of signals from other type I IFNs and in an IFNAR1-independent manner. Our findings reveal a potentially critical role for IFNε in mediating protection against transmission of ZIKV in the context of sexual contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xu
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Annie Wang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Laith Ebraham
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Liam Sullivan
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Carley Tasker
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Vanessa Pizutelli
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jennifer Couret
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Cyril Hernandez
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Pratik Q. Deb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Luke Fritzky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Rutgers, School of Art and Science-Newark, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Yungtai Lo
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Mirella Salvatore
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065
| | - Amariliz Rivera
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Alexander Lemenze
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Tyagi
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Science, and Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aimee Beaulieu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Theresa L. Chang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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10
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Lu Z, McBrearty N, Chen J, Tomar VS, Zhang H, De Rosa G, Tan A, Weljie AM, Beiting DP, Miao Z, George SS, Berger A, Saggu G, Diehl JA, Koumenis C, Fuchs SY. ATF3 and CH25H regulate effector trogocytosis and anti-tumor activities of endogenous and immunotherapeutic cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1342-1358.e7. [PMID: 36070682 PMCID: PMC10496461 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Effector trogocytosis between malignant cells and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) contributes to immune evasion through antigen loss on target cells and fratricide of antigen-experienced CTLs by other CTLs. The mechanisms regulating these events in tumors remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that tumor-derived factors (TDFs) stimulated effector trogocytosis and restricted CTLs' tumoricidal activity and viability in vitro. TDFs robustly altered the CTL's lipid profile, including depletion of 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). 25HC inhibited trogocytosis and prevented CTL's inactivation and fratricide. Mechanistically, TDFs induced ATF3 transcription factor that suppressed the expression of 25HC-regulating gene-cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H). Stimulation of trogocytosis in the intratumoral CTL by the ATF3-CH25H axis attenuated anti-tumor immunity, stimulated tumor growth, and impeded the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell adoptive therapy. Through use of armored CAR constructs or pharmacologic agents restoring CH25H expression, we reversed these phenotypes and increased the efficacy of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Noreen McBrearty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jinyun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vivek S Tomar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongru Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gianluca De Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aiwen Tan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel P Beiting
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhen Miao
- Department of Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Subin S George
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Allison Berger
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Gurpanna Saggu
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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11
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Charoensappakit A, Sae-Khow K, Leelahavanichkul A. Gut Barrier Damage and Gut Translocation of Pathogen Molecules in Lupus, an Impact of Innate Immunity (Macrophages and Neutrophils) in Autoimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158223. [PMID: 35897790 PMCID: PMC9367802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut barrier is a single cell layer that separates gut micro-organisms from the host, and gut permeability defects result in the translocation of microbial molecules from the gut into the blood. Despite the silent clinical manifestation, gut translocation of microbial molecules can induce systemic inflammation that might be an endogenous exacerbating factor of systemic lupus erythematosus. In contrast, circulatory immune-complex deposition and the effect of medications on the gut, an organ with an extremely large surface area, of patients with active lupus might cause gut translocation of microbial molecules, which worsens lupus severity. Likewise, the imbalance of gut microbiota may initiate lupus and/or interfere with gut integrity which results in microbial translocation and lupus exacerbation. Moreover, immune hyper-responsiveness of innate immune cells (macrophages and neutrophils) is demonstrated in a lupus model from the loss of inhibitory Fc gamma receptor IIb (FcgRIIb), which induces prominent responses through the cross-link between activating-FcgRs and innate immune receptors. The immune hyper-responsiveness can cause cell death, especially apoptosis and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis), which possibly exacerbates lupus, partly through the enhanced exposure of the self-antigens. Leaky gut monitoring and treatments (such as probiotics) might be beneficial in lupus. Here, we discuss the current information on leaky gut in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awirut Charoensappakit
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kritsanawan Sae-Khow
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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12
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Evaluating the effect of spaceflight on the host-pathogen interaction between human intestinal epithelial cells and Salmonella Typhimurium. NPJ Microgravity 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33750813 PMCID: PMC7943786 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-021-00136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight uniquely alters the physiology of both human cells and microbial pathogens, stimulating cellular and molecular changes directly relevant to infectious disease. However, the influence of this environment on host-pathogen interactions remains poorly understood. Here we report our results from the STL-IMMUNE study flown aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-131, which investigated multi-omic responses (transcriptomic, proteomic) of human intestinal epithelial cells to infection with Salmonella Typhimurium when both host and pathogen were simultaneously exposed to spaceflight. To our knowledge, this was the first in-flight infection and dual RNA-seq analysis using human cells.
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13
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Mavragani CP, Nezos A, Dovrolis N, Andreou NP, Legaki E, Sechi LA, Bamias G, Gazouli M. Type I and II Interferon Signatures Can Predict the Response to Anti-TNF Agents in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: Involvement of the Microbiota. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1543-1553. [PMID: 32812029 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-TNF agents have been a cornerstone of IBD therapy; however, response to treatment has been variable, and clinically applicable biomarkers are urgently needed. We hypothesized that the type I and type II interferon (IFN) signatures may be a confounding factor for response to antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment via interactions with the host and its gut microbiota. METHODS Peripheral blood from 30 IBD patients and 10 healthy controls was subjected to real-time quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for type I and type II IFN genes (IFNGs), both at baseline and after treatment with anti-TNF. Correlation between IFN signatures and microbiota composition was also determined for a subgroup of patients and controls. RESULTS At baseline, type I IFN score was significantly higher in IBD patients (P = 0.04 vs controls). Responders to subsequent anti-TNF treatment had significantly lower baseline scores for both type I and II IFN signatures (P < 0.005 vs nonresponders for both comparisons). During treatment with anti-TNF, the expression of type I and II IFNGs was significantly elevated in responders and decreased in nonresponders. In addition, changes in IFN signatures correlated to specific alterations in the abundance of several microbial taxa of the gut microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Baseline expression of type I and II IFN signatures and their kinetics during anti-TNF administration significantly correlate to treatment responses in IBD patients. Peripheral blood IFN signatures may serve as clinically meaningful biomarkers for the identification of subgroups of patients with favorable response to anti-TNF treatment. Additionally, the distinct synergies between different IFN types and microbiota might help drive therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio P Mavragani
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Adrianos Nezos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolas Dovrolis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Evangelia Legaki
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- GI-Unit, 3rd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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14
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Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1726309. [PMID: 32258104 PMCID: PMC7102468 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1726309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process initiated by a benign polyp that has the potential to evolve into in situ carcinoma through the interactions between environmental and genetic factors. CRC incidence rates are constantly increased for young adult patients presenting an advanced tumor stage. The majority of CRCs arise from colonic adenomas originating from aberrant cell proliferation of colon epithelium. Endoscopic polypectomy represents a tool for early detection and removal of polyps, although the occurrence of cancers after negative colonoscopy shows a significant incidence. It has long been recognized that the aberrant regulation of Wingless/It (Wnt)/β-Catenin signaling in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is supported by its critical role in the differentiation of stem cells in intestinal crypts and in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. For this review, we will focus on the development of adenomatous polyps through the interplay between renewal signaling in the colon epithelium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The current knowledge of molecular pathology allows us to deepen the relationships between oxidative stress and other risk factors as lifestyle, microbiota, and predisposition. We underline that the chronic inflammation and ROS production in the colon epithelium can impair the Wnt/β-catenin and/or base excision repair (BER) pathways and predispose to polyp development. In fact, the coexistence of oxidative DNA damage and errors in DNA polymerase can foster C>T transitions in various types of cancer and adenomas, leading to a hypermutated phenotype of tumor cells. Moreover, the function of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein in regulating DNA repair is very important as therapeutic implication making DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents more effective in CRC cells that tend to accumulate mutations. Additional studies will determine whether approaches based on Wnt inhibition would provide long-term therapeutic value in CRC, but it is clear that APC disruption plays a central role in driving and maintaining tumorigenesis.
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15
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Yang T, Li H, Oliveira AC, Goel R, Richards EM, Pepine CJ, Raizada MK. Transcriptomic signature of gut microbiome-contacting cells in colon of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Genomics 2020; 52:121-132. [PMID: 31869283 PMCID: PMC7099409 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00087.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal matter transfer from hypertensive patients and animals into normotensive animals increases blood pressure, strengthening the evidence for gut-microbiota interactions in the control of blood pressure. However, cellular and molecular events involved in gut dysbiosis-associated hypertension remain poorly understood. Therefore, our objective in this study was to use gene expression profiling to characterize the gut epithelium layer in the colon in hypertension. We observed significant suppression of components of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling in the colonic epithelium of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) when compared with Wistar Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats. Western blot analysis confirmed lower expression of key proteins including T cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain (Cd3g) and lymphocyte cytosolic protein 2 (Lcp2). Furthermore, lower expression of cytokines and receptors responsible for lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation, and activation (e.g., Il12r, Il15ra, Il7, Il16, Tgfb1) was observed in the colonic epithelium of the SHR. Finally, Alpi and its product, intestinal alkaline phosphatase, primarily localized in the epithelial cells, were profoundly lower in the SHR. These observations demonstrate that the colonic epithelium undergoes functional changes linked to altered immune, barrier function, and dysbiosis in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Hongbao Li
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aline C Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ruby Goel
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Elaine M Richards
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Carl J Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mohan K Raizada
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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16
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Type I interferon signaling before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation lowers donor T cell activation via reduced allogenicity of recipient cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14955. [PMID: 31628411 PMCID: PMC6800427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight immunoregulatory functions of type I interferons (IFN-I) during the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We demonstrated that selective activation of IFN-I pathways including RIG-I/MAVS and cGAS/STING prior to allo-HSCT conditioning therapy can ameliorate the course of GVHD. However, direct effects of IFN-Is on immune cells remain ill characterized. We applied RIG-I agonists (3pRNA) to stimulate IFN-I production in murine models of conditioning therapy with total body irradiation (TBI) and GVHD. Using IFN-I receptor-deficient donor T cells and hematopoietic cells, we found that endogenous and RIG-I-induced IFN-Is do not reduce GVHD by acting on these cell types. However, 3pRNA applied before conditioning therapy reduced the ability of CD11c+ recipient cells to stimulate proliferation and interferon gamma expression of allogeneic T cells. Consistently, RIG-I activation before TBI reduced the proliferation of transplanted allogeneic T-cells. The reduced allogenicity of CD11c+ recipient cells was dependent on IFN-I signaling. Notably, this immunosuppressive function of DCs was restricted to a scenario where tissue damage occurs. Our findings uncover a context (damage by TBI) and IFN-I dependent modulation of T cells by DCs and extend the understanding about the cellular targets of IFN-I during allo-HSCT and GVHD.
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17
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CRISPR/Cas9-based Knockout Strategy Elucidates Components Essential for Type 1 Interferon Signaling in Human HeLa Cells. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:3324-3338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Camara-Lemarroy CR, Metz L, Meddings JB, Sharkey KA, Wee Yong V. The intestinal barrier in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathophysiology and therapeutics. Brain 2019; 141:1900-1916. [PMID: 29860380 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological barriers are essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in health and disease. Breakdown of the intestinal barrier is an essential aspect of the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. A wealth of recent studies has shown that the intestinal microbiome, part of the brain-gut axis, could play a role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. However, an essential component of this axis, the intestinal barrier, has received much less attention. In this review, we describe the intestinal barrier as the physical and functional zone of interaction between the luminal microbiome and the host. Besides its essential role in the regulation of homeostatic processes, the intestinal barrier contains the gut mucosal immune system, a guardian of the integrity of the intestinal tract and the whole organism. Gastrointestinal disorders with intestinal barrier breakdown show evidence of CNS demyelination, and content of the intestinal microbiome entering into the circulation can impact the functions of CNS microglia. We highlight currently available studies suggesting that there is intestinal barrier dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Finally, we address the mechanisms by which commonly used disease-modifying drugs in multiple sclerosis could alter the intestinal barrier and the microbiome, and we discuss the potential of barrier-stabilizing strategies, including probiotics and stabilization of tight junctions, as novel therapeutic avenues in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Camara-Lemarroy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luanne Metz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Meddings
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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19
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Tan Y, Wei Z, Chen J, An J, Li M, Zhou L, Men Y, Zhao S. Save your gut save your age: The role of the microbiome in stem cell ageing. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4866-4875. [PMID: 31207055 PMCID: PMC6653314 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tremendous importance of microbiota in microbial homoeostasis, alterations in metabolism and both innate and adaptive immune systems has been well established. A growing body of evidence support that dysbiosis or compositional changes in gut microbiota is linked to the ageing of stem cells in terms of dysregulations of metabolism, aberrant activation of the immune system as well as promoting epigenetic instability of stem cell. In this concise review, we elucidate recent emerging topics on microbiotic alterations and underlying mechanisms in stem cell ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Zongke Wei
- Shenzhen Rekindle Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaoliu Chen
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Junli An
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Manling Li
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Liuyun Zhou
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanhua Men
- Obstetrics and gynecology department, Dongguan nancheng hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shenzhen Rekindle Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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20
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Gui J, Katlinski KV, Koumenis C, Diehl JA, Fuchs SY. The PKR-Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase Promotes the Dissemination of Myc-Induced Leukemic Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1450-1458. [PMID: 30902831 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactive oncogenic Myc stimulates protein synthesis that induces the unfolded protein response, which requires the function of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3, also known as protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). Activated PERK acts to limit mRNA translation, enable proper protein folding, and restore the homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Given that Myc activation contributes to many types of lymphoid and myeloid human leukemias, we used a mouse model to examine the importance of PERK in development and progression of Myc-induced leukemias. We found that genetic ablation of Perk does not suppress the generation of the leukemic cells in the bone marrow. However, the cell-autonomous Perk deficiency restricts the dissemination of leukemic cells into peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and vital peripheral organs. Whereas the loss of the IFNAR1 chain of type I IFN receptor stimulated leukemia, Perk ablation did not stabilize IFNAR1, suggesting that PERK stimulates the leukemic cells' dissemination in an IFNAR1-independent manner. We discuss the rationale for using PERK inhibitors against Myc-driven leukemias. IMPLICATIONS: The role of PERK in dissemination of Myc-induced leukemic cells demonstrated in this study argues for the use of PERK inhibitors against leukemia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kanstantsin V Katlinski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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21
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Normand S, Waldschmitt N, Neerincx A, Martinez-Torres RJ, Chauvin C, Couturier-Maillard A, Boulard O, Cobret L, Awad F, Huot L, Ribeiro-Ribeiro A, Lautz K, Ruez R, Delacre M, Bondu C, Guilliams M, Scott C, Segal A, Amselem S, Hot D, Karabina S, Bohn E, Ryffel B, Poulin LF, Kufer TA, Chamaillard M. Proteasomal degradation of NOD2 by NLRP12 in monocytes promotes bacterial tolerance and colonization by enteropathogens. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5338. [PMID: 30559449 PMCID: PMC6297353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 12 (NLRP12) cause recurrent episodes of serosal inflammation. Here we show that NLRP12 efficiently sequesters HSP90 and promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of NOD2 in response to bacterial muramyl dipeptide (MDP). This interaction is mediated by the linker-region proximal to the nucleotide-binding domain of NLRP12. Consequently, the disease-causing NLRP12 R284X mutation fails to repress MDP-induced NF-κB and subsequent activity of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. While NLRP12 deficiency renders septic mice highly susceptible towards MDP, a sustained sensing of MDP through NOD2 is observed among monocytes lacking NLRP12. This loss of tolerance in monocytes results in greater colonization resistance towards Citrobacter rodentium. Our data show that this is a consequence of NOD2-dependent accumulation of inflammatory mononuclear cells that correlates with induction of interferon-stimulated genes. Our study unveils a relevant process of tolerance towards the gut microbiota that is exploited by an attaching/effacing enteric pathogen. Mutations in nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 12 (NLRP12) are known to effect inflammatory processes. Here the authors show that NLRP12-mediated proteasomal degradation of NOD2 in monocytes promotes bacterial tolerance and colonisation in a model of enteric infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Normand
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Nadine Waldschmitt
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.,Technische Universität München, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Andreas Neerincx
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | | | - Camille Chauvin
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Couturier-Maillard
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Boulard
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Laetitia Cobret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Fawaz Awad
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Huot
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Katja Lautz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard Ruez
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Myriam Delacre
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Clovis Bondu
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Center, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Scott
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Inflammation Research Center, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Anthony Segal
- Division of Medicine, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Serge Amselem
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - David Hot
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sonia Karabina
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France.,Inserm, UMR_S 933, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Erwin Bohn
- Interfakultaeres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin, Eberhard Karl Universitat Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- CNRS, Orléans University, INEM, UMR 7355, F-45071, Orléans, France
| | - Lionel F Poulin
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Thomas A Kufer
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
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22
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Swimm A, Giver CR, DeFilipp Z, Rangaraju S, Sharma A, Ulezko Antonova A, Sonowal R, Capaldo C, Powell D, Qayed M, Kalman D, Waller EK. Indoles derived from intestinal microbiota act via type I interferon signaling to limit graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2018; 132:2506-2519. [PMID: 30257880 PMCID: PMC6284212 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-838193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota in allogeneic bone marrow transplant (allo-BMT) recipients modulates graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a systemic inflammatory state initiated by donor T cells that leads to colitis, a key determinant of GVHD severity. Indole or indole derivatives produced by tryptophan metabolism in the intestinal microbiota limit intestinal inflammation caused by diverse stressors, so we tested their capacity to protect against GVHD in murine major histocompatibility complex-mismatched models of allo-BMT. Indole effects were assessed by colonization of allo-BMT recipient mice with tryptophanase positive or negative strains of Escherichia coli, or, alternatively, by exogenous administration of indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA), an indole derivative. Treatment with ICA limited gut epithelial damage, reduced transepithelial bacterial translocation, and decreased inflammatory cytokine production, reducing GVHD pathology and GVHD mortality, but did not compromise donor T-cell-mediated graft-versus-leukemia responses. ICA treatment also led to recipient-strain-specific tolerance of engrafted T cells. Transcriptional profiling and gene ontology analysis indicated that ICA administration upregulated genes associated with the type I interferon (IFN1) response, which has been shown to protect against radiation-induced intestinal damage and reduce subsequent GVHD pathology. Accordingly, protective effects of ICA following radiation exposure were abrogated in mice lacking IFN1 signaling. Taken together, these data indicate that indole metabolites produced by the intestinal microbiota act via type I IFNs to limit intestinal inflammation and damage associated with myeloablative chemotherapy or radiation exposure and acute GVHD, but preserve antitumor responses, and may provide a therapeutic option for BMT patients at risk for GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Swimm
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Cynthia R Giver
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zachariah DeFilipp
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sravanti Rangaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Akshay Sharma
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Alina Ulezko Antonova
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Robert Sonowal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Christopher Capaldo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Domonica Powell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Muna Qayed
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Daniel Kalman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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23
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Xia C, Anderson P, Hahm B. Viral dedication to vigorous destruction of interferon receptors. Virology 2018; 522:19-26. [PMID: 30014854 PMCID: PMC6087481 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) exhibit forceful inhibitory activities against numerous viruses by inducing synthesis of anti-viral proteins or promoting immune cell functions, which help eradicate the vicious microbes. Consequently, the degree to which viruses evade or counterattack IFN responses influences viral pathogenicity. Viruses have developed many strategies to interfere with the synthesis of IFNs or IFN receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, multiple viruses decrease levels of IFN receptors via diverse tactics, which include decreasing type I IFN receptor mRNA expression, blocking post-translational modification of the receptor, and degrading IFN receptors. Recently, influenza virus was found to induce CK1α-induced phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of the receptor for type I and II IFNs. In this review, viral mechanisms that remove IFN receptors are summarized with an emphasis on the mechanisms for virus-induced degradation of IFN receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xia
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Paul Anderson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Laboratory for Infectious Disease Research, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Bumsuk Hahm
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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24
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Andrews C, McLean MH, Durum SK. Cytokine Tuning of Intestinal Epithelial Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1270. [PMID: 29922293 PMCID: PMC5996247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine serves as both our largest single barrier to the external environment and the host of more immune cells than any other location in our bodies. Separating these potential combatants is a single layer of dynamic epithelium composed of heterogeneous epithelial subtypes, each uniquely adapted to carry out a subset of the intestine’s diverse functions. In addition to its obvious role in digestion, the intestinal epithelium is responsible for a wide array of critical tasks, including maintaining barrier integrity, preventing invasion by microbial commensals and pathogens, and modulating the intestinal immune system. Communication between these epithelial cells and resident immune cells is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating appropriate responses to disease and can occur through cell-to-cell contact or by the release or recognition of soluble mediators. The objective of this review is to highlight recent literature illuminating how cytokines and chemokines, both those made by and acting on the intestinal epithelium, orchestrate many of the diverse functions of the intestinal epithelium and its interactions with immune cells in health and disease. Areas of focus include cytokine control of intestinal epithelial proliferation, cell death, and barrier permeability. In addition, the modulation of epithelial-derived cytokines and chemokines by factors such as interactions with stromal and immune cells, pathogen and commensal exposure, and diet will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Andrews
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Mairi H McLean
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Scott K Durum
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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25
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Jiang S, Zhang M, Sun J, Yang X. Casein kinase 1α: biological mechanisms and theranostic potential. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:23. [PMID: 29793495 PMCID: PMC5968562 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1α (CK1α) is a multifunctional protein belonging to the CK1 protein family that is conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to humans. It regulates signaling pathways related to membrane trafficking, cell cycle progression, chromosome segregation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell metabolism, and differentiation in development, circadian rhythm, and the immune response as well as neurodegeneration and cancer. Given its involvement in diverse cellular, physiological, and pathological processes, CK1α is a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize what is known of the biological functions of CK1α, and provide an overview of existing challenges and potential opportunities for advancing theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China. .,Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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26
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Gómez-Rial J, Curras-Tuala MJ, Rivero-Calle I, Rodríguez-Tenreiro C, Redondo-Collazo L, Gómez-Carballa A, Pardo-Seco J, Salas A, Martinón-Torres F. Rotavirus intestinal infection induces an oral mucosa cytokine response. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195314. [PMID: 29621276 PMCID: PMC5886481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Salivary glands are known immune effector sites and considered to be part of the whole mucosal immune system. The aim of the present study was to assess the salivary immune response to rotavirus (RV) infection through the analysis of the cytokine immune profile in saliva. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective comparative study of serial saliva samples from 27 RV-infected patients (sampled upon admission to the hospital during acute phase and at convalescence-i.e. at least three months after recovery) and 36 healthy controls was performed. Concentrations of 11 salivary cytokines (IFN-γ, IFN-α2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL12p70, TNF-α, IFN-λ1, IL-22) were determined. Cytokine levels were compared between healthy controls acute infection and convalescence. The correlation between clinical data and salivary cytokine profile in infected children was assessed. RESULTS The salivary cytokine profile changes significantly in response to acute RV infection. In RV-infected patients, IL-22 levels were increased in the acute phase with respect to convalescence (P-value < 0.001). Comparisons between infected and control group showed significant differences in salivary IFN-α2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-22. Although acute-phase levels of IL-12, IL-10, IL-6 and IFN-γ showed nominal association with Vesikari's severity, this trend did not reach statistical significance after multiple test adjustment. CONCLUSIONS RV infection induces a host salivary immune response, indicating that immune mucosal response to RV infection is not confined to the intestinal mucosa. Our data point to a whole mucosal implication in the RV infection as a result of the integrative mucosal immune response, and suggest the salivary gland as effector site for RV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gómez-Rial
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - María José Curras-Tuala
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Irene Rivero-Calle
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Redondo-Collazo
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Alberto Gómez-Carballa
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Pardo-Seco
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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27
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Enteric Virome Sensing-Its Role in Intestinal Homeostasis and Immunity. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040146. [PMID: 29570694 PMCID: PMC5923440 DOI: 10.3390/v10040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sensing commensal microorganisms in the intestine induce tightly controlled tonic signaling in the intestinal mucosa, which is required to maintain intestinal barrier integrity and immune homeostasis. At the same time, PRR signaling pathways rapidly trigger the innate immune defense against invasive pathogens in the intestine. Intestinal epithelial cells and mononuclear phagocytes in the intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissues are critically involved in sensing components of the microbiome and regulating immune responses in the intestine to sustain immune tolerance against harmless antigens and to prevent inflammation. These processes have been mostly investigated in the context of the bacterial components of the microbiome so far. The impact of viruses residing in the intestine and the virus sensors, which are activated by these enteric viruses, on intestinal homeostasis and inflammation is just beginning to be unraveled. In this review, we will summarize recent findings indicating an important role of the enteric virome for intestinal homeostasis as well as pathology when the immune system fails to control the enteric virome. We will provide an overview of the virus sensors and signaling pathways, operative in the intestine and the mononuclear phagocyte subsets, which can sense viruses and shape the intestinal immune response. We will discuss how these might interact with resident enteric viruses directly or in context with the bacterial microbiome to affect intestinal homeostasis.
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28
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Ingle H, Peterson ST, Baldridge MT. Distinct Effects of Type I and III Interferons on Enteric Viruses. Viruses 2018; 10:E46. [PMID: 29361691 PMCID: PMC5795459 DOI: 10.3390/v10010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are key host cytokines in the innate immune response to viral infection, and recent work has identified unique roles for IFN subtypes in regulating different aspects of infection. Currently emerging is a common theme that type III IFNs are critical in localized control of infection at mucosal barrier sites, while type I IFNs are important for broad systemic control of infections. The intestine is a particular site of interest for exploring these effects, as in addition to being the port of entry for a multitude of pathogens, it is a complex tissue with a variety of cell types as well as the presence of the intestinal microbiota. Here we focus on the roles of type I and III IFNs in control of enteric viruses, discussing what is known about signaling downstream from these cytokines, including induction of specific IFN-stimulated genes. We review viral strategies to evade IFN responses, effects of IFNs on the intestine, interactions between IFNs and the microbiota, and briefly discuss the role of IFNs in controlling viral infections at other barrier sites. Enhanced understanding of the coordinate roles of IFNs in control of viral infections may facilitate development of antiviral therapeutic strategies; here we highlight potential avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshad Ingle
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Stefan T Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Megan T Baldridge
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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29
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Lipopolysaccharide from Crypt-Specific Core Microbiota Modulates the Colonic Epithelial Proliferation-to-Differentiation Balance. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.01680-17. [PMID: 29042502 PMCID: PMC5646255 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01680-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified a crypt-specific core microbiota (CSCM) dominated by strictly aerobic, nonfermentative bacteria in murine cecal and proximal colonic (PC) crypts and hypothesized that, among its possible functions, it may affect epithelial regeneration. In the present work, we isolated representative CSCM strains using selective media based upon our initial 16S rRNA-based molecular identification (i.e., Acinetobacter, Delftia, and Stenotrophomonas). Their tropism for the crypt was confirmed, and their influence on epithelial regeneration was demonstrated in vivo by monocolonization of germfree mice. We also showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), through its endotoxin activity, was the dominant bacterial agonist controlling proliferation. The relevant molecular mechanisms were analyzed using colonic crypt-derived organoids exposed to bacterial sonicates or highly purified LPS as agonists. We identified a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent program affecting crypts at different stages of epithelial differentiation. LPS played a dual role: it repressed cell proliferation through RIPK3-mediated necroptosis of stem cells and cells of the transit-amplifying compartment and concurrently enhanced cell differentiation, particularly the goblet cell lineage. The LPS from crypt-specific core microbiota controls intestinal epithelium proliferation through necroptosis of stem cells and enhances cell differentiation, mainly the goblet cell lineage.
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30
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Transflammation: Innate immune signaling in nuclear reprogramming. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 120:133-141. [PMID: 28916494 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by retroviral overexpression of four transcription factors has revolutionized the field of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The efficient induction of pluripotency requires the activation of innate immune signaling in a process termed "transflammation" (Lee et al., 2012). Specifically, the stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) causes global alterations in the expression and activity of epigenetic modifiers to favor an open chromatin configuration. Activation of toll-like receptors (TLR) or RIG-1-like receptors (RLR) (Sayed et al. 2017) trigger signaling cascades that result in NFκB or IRF-3 mediated changes in epigenetic plasticity that facilitate reprogramming. Another form of nuclear reprogramming is so-called direct reprogramming or transdifferentiation of one somatic cell to another lineage. We have shown that transdifferentiation of human fibroblasts to endothelial cells also involves transflammation (Sayed et al., 2015). Recently, we also identified reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Zhou et al. 2016) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (Meng et al., 2016) as mediators of innate immune signaling in nuclear reprogramming. Innate immune signaling plays a key role in nuclear reprogramming by regulating DNA accessibility (Fig. 1). Here, we review recent progress of innate immunity signaling in nuclear reprogramming and epigenetic plasticity.
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31
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Gui J, Zhao B, Lyu K, Tong W, Fuchs SY. Downregulation of the IFNAR1 chain of type 1 interferon receptor contributes to the maintenance of the haematopoietic stem cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:534-543. [PMID: 28678581 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1345395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that prolonged exposure of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to type I interferons (IFN) stimulates HSCs entrance into cell cycle, continuous proliferation and eventual exhaustion, which could be prevented by ablation of the Ifnar1 chain of IFN receptor. Given that levels IFNAR1 expression can be robustly affected by IFN-independent ubiquitination and downregulation of IFNAR1 in response to activation of protein kinases such as protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and casein kinase 1α (CK1α), we aimed to determine the role of IFNAR1 downregulation in the maintenance of HSCs. Mice harboring the ubiquitination-deficient Ifnar1S526A allele displayed greater levels of haematopoietic cell progenitors but reduced numbers of the long-term HSCs compared with wild type mice and animals lacking Ifnar1. Studies using competitive bone marrow repopulation assays showed that CK1α (but not PERK) is essential for the long-term HSCs function. Concurrent ablation of Ifnar1 led to a modest attenuation of the CK1α-null phenotype indicating that, although other CK1α targets are likely to be important, IFNAR1 downregulation can contribute to the maintenance of the HSCs function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gui
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology , School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology , School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Kaosheng Lyu
- b Division of Hematology , Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,c Department of Pediatrics , Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Wei Tong
- b Division of Hematology , Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,c Department of Pediatrics , Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology , School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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32
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Zhao B, Bhattacharya S, Yu Q, Fuchs SY. Expression of the IFNAR1 chain of type 1 interferon receptor in benign cells protects against progression of acute leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:171-177. [PMID: 28503979 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1319053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) were widely used for leukemia treatment. These cytokines act on cell surface receptor consisting of the IFNAR1/2 chains to induce anti-tumorigenic effects. Given that levels of IFNAR1 can be regulated by phosphorylation-driven ubiquitination and degradation that undermines IFN signaling and anti-tumorigenic effects, we sought to determine the importance of IFNAR1 downregulation in progression of acute leukemia. Using knock-in mice deficient in downregulation of IFNAR1, we uncovered that IFNAR1 expression in stromal benign cells functions to protect against progression of leukemia. We discuss putative mechanisms of this regulation and potential of therapeutic targeting of IFNAR1 downregulation to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Qiujing Yu
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Mari Lowe Center for Comparative Oncology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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33
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Kotredes KP, Thomas B, Gamero AM. The Protective Role of Type I Interferons in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Front Immunol 2017; 8:410. [PMID: 28428788 PMCID: PMC5382159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract manages the significant task of recognizing and eliminating pathogens while maintaining tolerance of commensal bacteria. Dysregulation of this delicate balance can be detrimental, resulting in severe inflammation, intestinal injury, and cancer. Therefore, mechanisms to relay important signals regulating cell growth and immune reactivity must be in place to support GI homeostasis. Type I interferons (IFN-I) are a family of pleiotropic cytokines, which exert a wide range of biological effects including promotion of both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. Using animal models of colitis, investigations into the regulation of intestinal epithelium inflammation highlight the role of IFN-I signaling during fine modulation of the immune system. The intestinal epithelium of the gut guides the immune system to differentiate between commensal and pathogenic microbiota, which relies on intimate links with the IFN-I signal-transduction pathway. The current paradigm depicts an IFN-I-induced antiproliferative state in the intestinal epithelium enabling cell differentiation, cell maturation, and proper intestinal barrier function, strongly supporting its role in maintaining baseline immune activity and clearance of damaged epithelia or pathogens. In this review, we will highlight the importance of IFN-I in intestinal homeostasis by discussing its function in inflammation, immunity, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Kotredes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brianna Thomas
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana M Gamero
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Pott J, Stockinger S. Type I and III Interferon in the Gut: Tight Balance between Host Protection and Immunopathology. Front Immunol 2017; 8:258. [PMID: 28352268 PMCID: PMC5348535 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa forms an active interface to the outside word, facilitating nutrient and water uptake and at the same time acts as a barrier toward the highly colonized intestinal lumen. A tight balance of the mucosal immune system is essential to tolerate harmless antigens derived from food or commensals and to effectively defend against potentially dangerous pathogens. Interferons (IFN) provide a first line of host defense when cells detect an invading organism. Whereas type I IFN were discovered almost 60 years ago, type III IFN were only identified in the early 2000s. It was initially thought that type I IFN and type III IFN performed largely redundant functions. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that type III IFN exert distinct and non-redundant functions compared to type I IFN, especially in mucosal tissues. Here, we review recent progress made in unraveling the role of type I/III IFN in intestinal mucosal tissue in the steady state, in response to mucosal pathogens and during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pott
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Silvia Stockinger
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna , Austria
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