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Vanaja IP, Scalco A, Ronfini M, Bona AD, Olianti C, Rizzo S, Chelko SP, Corrado D, Sacconi L, Basso C, Mongillo M, Zaglia T. Cardiac sympathetic neurons are additional cells affected in genetically determined arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39141822 DOI: 10.1113/jp286845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a familial cardiac disease, mainly caused by mutations in desmosomal genes, which accounts for most cases of stress-related arrhythmic sudden death, in young and athletes. AC hearts display fibro-fatty lesions that generate the arrhythmic substrate and cause contractile dysfunction. A correlation between physical/emotional stresses and arrhythmias supports the involvement of sympathetic neurons (SNs) in the disease, but this has not been confirmed previously. Here, we combined molecular, in vitro and ex vivo analyses to determine the role of AC-linked DSG2 downregulation on SN biology and assess cardiac sympathetic innervation in desmoglein-2 mutant (Dsg2mut/mut) mice. Molecular assays showed that SNs express DSG2, implying that DSG2-mutation carriers would harbour the mutant protein in SNs. Confocal immunofluorescence of heart sections and 3-D reconstruction of SN network in clarified heart blocks revealed significant changes in the physiologialc SN topology, with massive hyperinnervation of the intact subepicardial layers and heterogeneous distribution of neurons in fibrotic areas. Cardiac SNs isolated from Dsg2mut/mut neonatal mice, prior to the establishment of cardiac innervation, show alterations in axonal sprouting, process development and distribution of varicosities. Consistently, virus-assisted DSG2 downregulation replicated, in PC12-derived SNs, the phenotypic alterations displayed by Dsg2mut/mut primary neurons, corroborating that AC-linked Dsg2 variants may affect SNs. Our results reveal that altered sympathetic innervation is an unrecognized feature of AC hearts, which may result from the combination of cell-autonomous and context-dependent factors implicated in myocardial remodelling. Our results favour the concept that AC is a disease of multiple cell types also hitting cardiac SNs. KEY POINTS: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a genetically determined cardiac disease, which accounts for most cases of stress-related arrhythmic sudden death. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy linked to mutations in desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is frequent and leads to a left-dominant form of the disease. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy has been approached thus far as a disease of cardiomyocytes, but we here unveil that DSG2 is expressed, in addition to cardiomyocytes, by cardiac and extracardiac sympathetic neurons, although not organized into desmosomes. AC-linked DSG2 downregulation primarily affect sympathetic neurons, resulting in the significant increase in cardiac innervation density, accompanied by alterations in sympathetic neuron distribution. Our data supports the notion that AC develops with the contribution of several 'desmosomal protein-carrying' cell types and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Induja Perumal Vanaja
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Scalco
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Ronfini
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Di Bona
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Camilla Olianti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council, Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stephen P Chelko
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Domenico Corrado
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council, Florence, Florence, Italy
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Basso
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Mongillo
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tania Zaglia
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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2
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Risato G, Brañas Casas R, Cason M, Bueno Marinas M, Pinci S, De Gaspari M, Visentin S, Rizzo S, Thiene G, Basso C, Pilichou K, Tiso N, Celeghin R. In Vivo Approaches to Understand Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Perspectives on Animal Models. Cells 2024; 13:1264. [PMID: 39120296 PMCID: PMC11311808 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a hereditary cardiac disorder characterized by the gradual replacement of cardiomyocytes with fibrous and adipose tissue, leading to ventricular wall thinning, chamber dilation, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Despite advances in treatment, disease management remains challenging. Animal models, particularly mice and zebrafish, have become invaluable tools for understanding AC's pathophysiology and testing potential therapies. Mice models, although useful for scientific research, cannot fully replicate the complexity of the human AC. However, they have provided valuable insights into gene involvement, signalling pathways, and disease progression. Zebrafish offer a promising alternative to mammalian models, despite the phylogenetic distance, due to their economic and genetic advantages. By combining animal models with in vitro studies, researchers can comprehensively understand AC, paving the way for more effective treatments and interventions for patients and improving their quality of life and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Risato
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy;
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy;
| | | | - Marco Cason
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Maria Bueno Marinas
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Serena Pinci
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Monica De Gaspari
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Silvia Visentin
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Gaetano Thiene
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Cristina Basso
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Kalliopi Pilichou
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Rudy Celeghin
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, I-35128 Padua, Italy; (G.R.); (M.C.); (M.B.M.); (S.P.); (M.D.G.); (S.R.); (G.T.); (C.B.); (K.P.); (R.C.)
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3
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Vencato S, Romanato C, Rampazzo A, Calore M. Animal Models and Molecular Pathogenesis of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Associated with Pathogenic Variants in Intercalated Disc Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6208. [PMID: 38892395 PMCID: PMC11172742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a rare genetic cardiac disease characterized by the progressive substitution of myocardium with fibro-fatty tissue. Clinically, ACM shows wide variability among patients; symptoms can include syncope and ventricular tachycardia but also sudden death, with the latter often being its sole manifestation. Approximately half of ACM patients have been found with variations in one or more genes encoding cardiac intercalated discs proteins; the most involved genes are plakophilin 2 (PKP2), desmoglein 2 (DSG2), and desmoplakin (DSP). Cardiac intercalated discs provide mechanical and electro-metabolic coupling among cardiomyocytes. Mechanical communication is guaranteed by the interaction of proteins of desmosomes and adheren junctions in the so-called area composita, whereas electro-metabolic coupling between adjacent cardiac cells depends on gap junctions. Although ACM has been first described almost thirty years ago, the pathogenic mechanism(s) leading to its development are still only partially known. Several studies with different animal models point to the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in combination with the Hippo pathway. Here, we present an overview about the existing murine models of ACM harboring variants in intercalated disc components with a particular focus on the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Prospectively, mechanistic insights into the disease pathogenesis will lead to the development of effective targeted therapies for ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vencato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.V.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Chiara Romanato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.V.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Rampazzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.V.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Martina Calore
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.V.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
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4
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Hung M, Lo HF, Beckmann AG, Demircioglu D, Damle G, Hasson D, Radice GL, Krauss RS. Cadherin-dependent adhesion is required for muscle stem cell niche anchorage and maintenance. Development 2024; 151:dev202387. [PMID: 38456551 PMCID: PMC11057819 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Adhesion between stem cells and their niche provides stable anchorage and signaling cues to sustain properties such as quiescence. Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) adhere to an adjacent myofiber via cadherin-catenin complexes. Previous studies on N- and M-cadherin in MuSCs revealed that although N-cadherin is required for quiescence, they are collectively dispensable for MuSC niche localization and regenerative activity. Although additional cadherins are expressed at low levels, these findings raise the possibility that cadherins are unnecessary for MuSC anchorage to the niche. To address this question, we conditionally removed from MuSCs β- and γ-catenin, and, separately, αE- and αT-catenin, factors that are essential for cadherin-dependent adhesion. Catenin-deficient MuSCs break quiescence similarly to N-/M-cadherin-deficient MuSCs, but exit the niche and are depleted. Combined in vivo, ex vivo and single cell RNA-sequencing approaches reveal that MuSC attrition occurs via precocious differentiation, re-entry to the niche and fusion to myofibers. These findings indicate that cadherin-catenin-dependent adhesion is required for anchorage of MuSCs to their niche and for preservation of the stem cell compartment. Furthermore, separable cadherin-regulated functions govern niche localization, quiescence and MuSC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Hung
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hsiao-Fan Lo
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aviva G. Beckmann
- Pathos AI, 600 West Chicago Avenue, Suite 510, Chicago, IL 60654, USA
| | - Deniz Demircioglu
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gargi Damle
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dan Hasson
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Glenn L. Radice
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Robert S. Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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5
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Sommerfeld LC, Holmes AP, Yu TY, O'Shea C, Kavanagh DM, Pike JM, Wright T, Syeda F, Aljehani A, Kew T, Cardoso VR, Kabir SN, Hepburn C, Menon PR, Broadway-Stringer S, O'Reilly M, Witten A, Fortmueller L, Lutz S, Kulle A, Gkoutos GV, Pavlovic D, Arlt W, Lavery GG, Steeds R, Gehmlich K, Stoll M, Kirchhof P, Fabritz L. Reduced plakoglobin increases the risk of sodium current defects and atrial conduction abnormalities in response to androgenic anabolic steroid abuse. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38345865 DOI: 10.1113/jp284597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) are commonly abused by young men. Male sex and increased AAS levels are associated with earlier and more severe manifestation of common cardiac conditions, such as atrial fibrillation, and rare ones, such as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Clinical observations suggest a potential atrial involvement in ARVC. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is caused by desmosomal gene defects, including reduced plakoglobin expression. Here, we analysed clinical records from 146 ARVC patients to identify that ARVC is more common in males than females. Patients with ARVC also had an increased incidence of atrial arrhythmias and P wave changes. To study desmosomal vulnerability and the effects of AAS on the atria, young adult male mice, heterozygously deficient for plakoglobin (Plako+/- ), and wild type (WT) littermates were chronically exposed to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or placebo. The DHT increased atrial expression of pro-hypertrophic, fibrotic and inflammatory transcripts. In mice with reduced plakoglobin, DHT exaggerated P wave abnormalities, atrial conduction slowing, sodium current depletion, action potential amplitude reduction and the fall in action potential depolarization rate. Super-resolution microscopy revealed a decrease in NaV 1.5 membrane clustering in Plako+/- atrial cardiomyocytes after DHT exposure. In summary, AAS combined with plakoglobin deficiency cause pathological atrial electrical remodelling in young male hearts. Male sex is likely to increase the risk of atrial arrhythmia, particularly in those with desmosomal gene variants. This risk is likely to be exaggerated further by AAS use. KEY POINTS: Androgenic male sex hormones, such as testosterone, might increase the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), which is often caused by desmosomal gene defects (e.g. reduced plakoglobin expression). In this study, we observed a significantly higher proportion of males who had ARVC compared with females, and atrial arrhythmias and P wave changes represented a common observation in advanced ARVC stages. In mice with reduced plakoglobin expression, chronic administration of 5α-dihydrotestosterone led to P wave abnormalities, atrial conduction slowing, sodium current depletion and a decrease in membrane-localized NaV 1.5 clusters. 5α-Dihydrotestosterone, therefore, represents a stimulus aggravating the pro-arrhythmic phenotype in carriers of desmosomal mutations and can affect atrial electrical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Sommerfeld
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Standort Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew P Holmes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ting Y Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Research and Training Centre in Physical Sciences for Health, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher O'Shea
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Research and Training Centre in Physical Sciences for Health, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deirdre M Kavanagh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jeremy M Pike
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas Wright
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fahima Syeda
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Areej Aljehani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tania Kew
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Victor R Cardoso
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Nashitha Kabir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claire Hepburn
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Priyanka R Menon
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Molly O'Reilly
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anika Witten
- Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Core Facility Genomics of the Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa Fortmueller
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Standort Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Lutz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kulle
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georgios V Gkoutos
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR), Midlands Site, UK
| | - Davor Pavlovic
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London UK & Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard Steeds
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Monika Stoll
- Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Core Facility Genomics of the Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Standort Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, University Heart and Vascular Center, UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Standort Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Xia J, Ma N, Shi Q, Liu QC, Zhang W, Cao HJ, Wang YK, Zheng QW, Ni QZ, Xu S, Zhu B, Qiu XS, Ding K, Huang JY, Liang X, Chen Y, Xiang YJ, Zhang XR, Qiu L, Chen W, Xie D, Wang X, Long L, Li JJ. XAF1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via VCP-RNF114-JUP axis. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202303015. [PMID: 38095639 PMCID: PMC10720657 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death, and the 5-year relative survival rate for CRC patients with distant metastasis is only 14%. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a zinc-rich protein belonging to the interferon (IFN)-induced gene family. Here, we report a metastasis-promoting role of XAF1 in CRC by acting as a novel adaptor of valosin-containing protein (VCP). XAF1 facilitates VCP-mediated deubiquitination of the E3 ligase RING finger protein 114 (RNF114), which promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of junction plakoglobin (JUP). The XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is critical for the migration and metastasis of CRC cells. Moreover, we observe correlations between the protein levels of XAF1, RNF114, and JUP in clinical samples. Collectively, our findings reveal an oncogenic function of XAF1 in mCRC and suggest that the XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Qin-Cheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Kang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Wen Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Zhi Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jun Xiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Ran Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province. Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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7
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Gao W, Guo N, Yan H, Zhao S, Sun Y, Chen Z. Mycn ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy-induced heart failure in mice by mediating the USP2/JUP/Akt/β-catenin cascade. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:82. [PMID: 38297207 PMCID: PMC10829249 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with cardiac dysfunction and is a key risk factor for heart failure and even sudden death. This study investigates the function of Mycn in cardiac hypertrophy and explores the interacting molecules. METHODS A mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy was induced by isoproterenol (ISO). The cardiac dysfunction was assessed by the heart weight-to-body weight ratio (HW/BW), echocardiography assessment, pathological staining, biomarker detection, and cell apoptosis. Transcriptome alteration in cardiac hypertrophy was analyzed by bioinformatics analysis. Gain- or loss-of-function studies of MYCN proto-oncogene (Mycn), ubiquitin specific peptidase 2 (USP2), and junction plakoglobin (JUP) were performed. The biological functions of Mycn were further examined in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. The molecular interactions were verified by luciferase assay or immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Mycn was poorly expressed in ISO-treated mice, and its upregulation reduced HW/BW, cell surface area, oxidative stress, and inflammation while improving cardiac function of mice. It also reduced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in mice and those in vitro induced by ISO. Mycn bound to the USP2 promoter to activate its transcription. USP2 overexpression exerted similar myocardial protective functions. It stabilized JUP protein by deubiquitination modification, which blocked the Akt/β-catenin pathway. Knockdown of JUP restored phosphorylation of Akt and β-catenin protein level, which negated the protective effects of USP2. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Mycn activates USP2 transcription, which mediates ubiquitination and protein stabilization of JUP, thus inactivating the Akt/β-catenin axis and alleviating cardiac hypertrophy-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinian Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Geriatry II, TCM Hospital of Shijiazhuang city, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiang Yan
- Department of Thoracic surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Shuguang Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yongquan Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China
| | - Ziying Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P.R. China.
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8
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Stevens TL, Coles S, Sturm AC, Hoover CA, Borzok MA, Mohler PJ, El Refaey M. Molecular Pathways and Animal Models of Arrhythmias. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:1057-1090. [PMID: 38884769 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Arrhythmias account for over 300,000 annual deaths in the United States, and approximately half of all deaths are associated with heart disease. Mechanisms underlying arrhythmia risk are complex; however, work in humans and animal models over the past 25 years has identified a host of molecular pathways linked with both arrhythmia substrates and triggers. This chapter will focus on select arrhythmia pathways solved by linking human clinical and genetic data with animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler L Stevens
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sara Coles
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy C Sturm
- Genomic Medicine Institute, 23andMe, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Catherine A Hoover
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Engineering and Physics, Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania, Mansfield, PA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Maegen A Borzok
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Engineering and Physics, Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania, Mansfield, PA, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mona El Refaey
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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9
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Fan X, Yang G, Duru F, Grilli M, Akin I, Zhou X, Saguner AM, Ei-Battrawy I. Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: from Preclinical Models to Genotype-phenotype Correlation and Pathophysiology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2683-2708. [PMID: 37731079 PMCID: PMC10661732 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary myocardial disease characterized by the replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibrous fatty deposits. ACM is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance and expressivity, which is mainly related to ventricular tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Importantly, significant progress has been made in determining the genetic background of ACM due to the development of new techniques for genetic analysis. The exact molecular pathomechanism of ACM, however, is not completely clear and the genotype-phenotype correlations have not been fully elucidated, which are useful to predict the prognosis and treatment of ACM patients. Different gene-targeted and transgenic animal models, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) models, and heterologous expression systems have been developed. Here, this review aims to summarize preclinical ACM models and platforms promoting our understanding of the pathogenesis of ACM and assess their value in elucidating the ACM genotype-phenotype relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Probes, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Grilli
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Ardan Muammer Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim Ei-Battrawy
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology and Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr- University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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10
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Cai D, Wang X, Sun Y, Fan H, Zhou J, Yang Z, Qiu H, Wang J, Su J, Gong T, Jiang C, Liang P. Patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes reveal aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in SCN5A-related Brugada syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:241. [PMID: 37679791 PMCID: PMC10486057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A cause Brugada syndrome (BrS), an arrhythmic disorder that is a leading cause of sudden death and lacks effective treatment. An association between SCN5A and Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been recently established. However, the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in BrS and underlying mechanisms remains unknown. METHODS Three healthy control subjects and one BrS patient carrying a novel frameshift mutation (T1788fs) in the SCN5A gene were recruited in this study. Control and BrS patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from skin fibroblasts using nonintegrated Sendai virus. All iPSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes using monolayer-based differentiation protocol. Action potentials and sodium currents were recorded from control and BrS iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) by single-cell patch clamp. RESULTS BrS iPSC-CMs exhibited increased burden of arrhythmias and abnormal action potential profile featured by slower depolarization, decreased action potential amplitude, and increased beating interval variation. Moreover, BrS iPSC-CMs showed cardiac sodium channel (Nav1.5) loss-of-function as compared to control iPSC-CMs. Interestingly, the electrophysiological abnormalities and Nav1.5 loss-of-function observed in BrS iPSC-CMs were accompanied by aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notably, inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin significantly rescued Nav1.5 defects and arrhythmic phenotype in BrS iPSC-CMs. Mechanistically, SCN5A-encoded Nav1.5 interacts with β-catenin, and reduced expression of Nav1.5 leads to re-localization of β-catenin in BrS iPSC-CMs, which aberrantly activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to suppress SCN5A transcription. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of SCN5A-related BrS and point to Wnt/β-catenin as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yaxun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hangping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jingjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Zongkuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hangyuan Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jun Su
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Tingyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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11
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Nielsen MS, van Opbergen CJM, van Veen TAB, Delmar M. The intercalated disc: a unique organelle for electromechanical synchrony in cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2271-2319. [PMID: 36731030 PMCID: PMC10191137 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disc (ID) is a highly specialized structure that connects cardiomyocytes via mechanical and electrical junctions. Although described in some detail by light microscopy in the 19th century, it was in 1966 that electron microscopy images showed that the ID represented apposing cell borders and provided detailed insight into the complex ID nanostructure. Since then, much has been learned about the ID and its molecular composition, and it has become evident that a large number of proteins, not all of them involved in direct cell-to-cell coupling via mechanical or gap junctions, reside at the ID. Furthermore, an increasing number of functional interactions between ID components are emerging, leading to the concept that the ID is not the sum of isolated molecular silos but an interacting molecular complex, an "organelle" where components work in concert to bring about electrical and mechanical synchrony. The aim of the present review is to give a short historical account of the ID's discovery and an updated overview of its composition and organization, followed by a discussion of the physiological implications of the ID architecture and the local intermolecular interactions. The latter will focus on both the importance of normal conduction of cardiac action potentials as well as the impact on the pathophysiology of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten S Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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12
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Yang L, Huang W, Bai X, Wang H, Wang X, Xiao H, Li Y. Androgen dihydrotestosterone promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion via EPPK1-mediated MAPK/JUP signalling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:363. [PMID: 37328487 PMCID: PMC10275919 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of bladder cancer (BLCA) in men is higher than that in women. Differences in androgen levels between men and women are considered the main causes of incidence rate differences. In this study, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) significantly increased the proliferation and invasion of BLCA cells. In addition, BLCA formation and metastatic rates were higher in N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)-treated male mice than in female and castrated male mice in vivo. However, immunohistochemistry showed that androgen receptor (AR) was expressed at low levels in normal and BLCA tissues of men and women. The classical AR pathway considers that DHT binds to AR and induces it to enter the nucleus, where it functions as a transcription factor. Here, a non-AR combination pathway of androgen that promoted BLCA development was investigated. The EPPK1 protein was bombarded with DHT, as determined by biotinylated DHT-binding pull-down experiments. EPPK1 was highly expressed in BLCA tissues, and EPPK1 knockdown significantly inhibited BLCA cell proliferation and invasion promoted by DHT. Moreover, JUP expression was elevated in DHT-treated high-EPPK1 expressing cells, and JUP knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. EPPK1 overexpression increased tumour growth and JUP expression in nude mice. Furthermore, DHT increased the expression of the MAPK signals p38, p-p38, and c-Jun, and c-Jun could bind to the JUP promoter. However, the promotion of p38, p-p38, and c-Jun expression by DHT was not observed in EPPK1 knockdown cells, and a p38 inhibitor suppressed the DHT-induced effects, indicating that p38 MAPK may be involved in the regulation of DHT-dependent EPPK1-JUP-promoted BLCA cell proliferation and invasion. The growth of bladder tumours in BBN-treated mice was inhibited by the addition of the hormone inhibitor goserelin. Our findings indicated the potential oncogenic role and mechanism of DHT in BLCA pathogenesis through a non-AR pathway, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiyuan Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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13
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Li K, Jiang Y, Zeng Y, Zhou Y. Advances in Ion Channel, Non-Desmosomal Variants and Autophagic Mechanisms Implicated in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2186-2200. [PMID: 36975511 PMCID: PMC10047275 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by the replacement of cardiac myocytes with fibro-fatty tissues, leading to abnormal excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and a range of malignant events, such as ventricular tachycardia (VT), sudden cardiac death/arrest (SCD/A) and heart failure (HF). The concept of ACM has recently been ex-tended to include right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) and biventricular cardiomyopathy. ARVC is generally seen as the most common type of ACM. The pathogenesis of ACM involves mutation variants in desmosomal or non-desmosomal gene loci, as well as various external factors, such as intense exercise, stress and infections. Ion channel alterations, autophagy and non-desmosomal variants are also important components in the development of ACM. As clinical practice enters the era of precision therapy, it is important to review recent studies on these topics to better diagnose and treat the molecular phase of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institution for Hypertension of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institution for Hypertension of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yiyao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institution for Hypertension of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institution for Hypertension of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-512-65955026
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14
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Choi J, Choi JH, Lee HW, Seo D, Lkhagvasuren G, Kim JW, Seo SB, Lee K, Lee KH. KPNA3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating TGF-β and AKT signaling pathways in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer cell line. BMB Rep 2023; 56:120-125. [PMID: 36593106 PMCID: PMC9978358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Karyopherin-α3 (KPNA3), a karyopherin- α isoform, is intimately associated with metastatic progression via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the molecular mechanism underlying how KPNA3 acts as an EMT inducer remains to be elucidated. In this report, we identified that KPNA3 was significantly upregulated in cancer cells, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer, and its knockdown resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis. The comprehensive transcriptome analysis from KPNA3 knockdown cells indicated that KPNA3 is involved in the regulation of numerous EMTrelated genes, including the downregulation of GATA3 and E-cadherin and the up-regulation of HAS2. Moreover, it was found that KPNA3 EMT-mediated metastasis can be achieved by TGF-β or AKT signaling pathways; this suggests that the novel independent signaling pathways KPNA3-TGF-β-GATA3-HAS2/E-cadherin and KPNA3-AKT-HAS2/E-cadherin are involved in the EMT-mediated progress of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells. These findings provide new insights into the divergent EMT inducibility of KPNA3 according to cell and cancer type. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(2): 120-125].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jee-Hye Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ho Woon Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Dongbeom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Gavaachimed Lkhagvasuren
- Department of Science of Cultural Heritage, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kangseok Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea, Seoul 06974, Korea,Department of Science of Cultural Heritage, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-2-820-5213; Fax: +82-2-825-5206; E-mail:
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15
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Liu DX, Hao SL, Yang WX. Crosstalk Between β-CATENIN-Mediated Cell Adhesion and the WNT Signaling Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:1-13. [PMID: 36399409 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion and stable signaling regulation are fundamental ways of maintaining homeostasis. Among them, the Wnt/β-CATENIN signaling plays a key role in embryonic development and maintenance of body dynamic homeostasis. At the same time, the key signaling molecule β-CATENIN in the Wnt signaling can also function as a cytoskeletal linker protein to regulate tissue barriers, cell migration, and morphogenesis. Dysregulation of the balance between Wnt signaling and adherens junctions can lead to disease. How β-CATENIN maintains the independence of these two functions, or mediates the interaction and balance of these two functions, has been explored and debated for a long time. In this study, we will focus on five aspects of β-CATENIN chaperone molecules, phosphorylation of β-CATENIN and related proteins, epithelial mesenchymal transition, β-CATENIN homolog protein γ-CATENIN and disease, thus deepening the understanding of the Wnt/β-CATENIN signaling and the homeostasis between cell adhesion and further addressing related disease problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Xi Liu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Li Hao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Ni B, Sun M, Zhao J, Wang J, Cao Z. The role of β-catenin in cardiac diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1157043. [PMID: 37033656 PMCID: PMC10073558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1157043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a classical Wnt pathway that regulates the stability and nuclear localization of β-catenin and plays an important role in adult heart development and cardiac tissue homeostasis. In recent years, an increasing number of researchers have implicated the dysregulation of this signaling pathway in a variety of cardiac diseases, such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathies, and myocardial hypertrophy. The morbidity and mortality of cardiac diseases are increasing, which brings great challenges to clinical treatment and seriously affects patient health. Thus, understanding the biological roles of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in these diseases may be essential for cardiac disease treatment and diagnosis to improve patient quality of life. In this review, we summarize current research on the roles of β-catenin in human cardiac diseases and potential inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin, which may provide new strategies for cardiac disease therapies.
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17
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Xie W, Gao S, Yang Y, Li H, Zhou J, Chen M, Yang S, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Meng X, Xie S, Liu M, Li D, Chen Y, Zhou J. CYLD deubiquitinates plakoglobin to promote Cx43 membrane targeting and gap junction assembly in the heart. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111864. [PMID: 36577382 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During heart maturation, gap junctions assemble into hemichannels and polarize to the intercalated disc at cell borders to mediate electrical impulse conduction. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning cardiac gap junction assembly remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate an important role for the deubiquitinating enzyme cylindromatosis (CYLD) in this process. Depletion of CYLD in mice impairs the formation of cardiac gap junctions, accelerates cardiac fibrosis, and increases heart failure. Mechanistically, CYLD interacts with plakoglobin and removes lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chains from plakoglobin. The deubiquitination of plakoglobin enhances its interaction with the desmoplakin/end-binding protein 1 complex localized at the microtubule plus end, thereby promoting microtubule-dependent transport of connexin 43 (Cx43), a key component of gap junctions, to the cell membrane. These findings establish CYLD as a critical player in regulating gap junction assembly and have important implications in heart development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Siqi Gao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Hongjie Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Junyan Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Mingzhen Chen
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoqian Meng
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Songbo Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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18
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Piquer-Gil M, Domenech-Dauder S, Sepúlveda-Gómez M, Machí-Camacho C, Braza-Boïls A, Zorio E. Non Coding RNAs as Regulators of Wnt/β-Catenin and Hippo Pathways in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2619. [PMID: 36289882 PMCID: PMC9599412 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy histologically characterized by the replacement of myocardium by fibrofatty infiltration, cardiomyocyte loss, and inflammation. ACM has been defined as a desmosomal disease because most of the mutations causing the disease are located in genes encoding desmosomal proteins. Interestingly, the instable structures of these intercellular junctions in this disease are closely related to a perturbed Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Imbalance in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and also in the crosslinked Hippo pathway leads to the transcription of proadipogenic and profibrotic genes. Aiming to shed light on the mechanisms by which Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways modulate the progression of the pathological ACM phenotype, the study of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has emerged as a potential source of actionable targets. ncRNAs comprise a wide range of RNA species (short, large, linear, circular) which are able to finely tune gene expression and determine the final phenotype. Some share recognition sites, thus referred to as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), and ensure a coordinating action. Recent cancer research studies regarding the key role of ceRNAs in Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways modulation pave the way to better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Piquer-Gil
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sofía Domenech-Dauder
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Sepúlveda-Gómez
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Machí-Camacho
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aitana Braza-Boïls
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Zorio
- Unit of Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Sudden Death (CaFaMuSMe), Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), 28015 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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19
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Stevens TL, Manring HR, Wallace MJ, Argall A, Dew T, Papaioannou P, Antwi-Boasiako S, Xu X, Campbell SG, Akar FG, Borzok MA, Hund TJ, Mohler PJ, Koenig SN, El Refaey M. Humanized Dsp ACM Mouse Model Displays Stress-Induced Cardiac Electrical and Structural Phenotypes. Cells 2022; 11:3049. [PMID: 36231013 PMCID: PMC9562631 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited disorder characterized by fibro-fatty infiltration with an increased propensity for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Genetic variants in desmosomal genes are associated with ACM. Incomplete penetrance is a common feature in ACM families, complicating the understanding of how external stressors contribute towards disease development. To analyze the dual role of genetics and external stressors on ACM progression, we developed one of the first mouse models of ACM that recapitulates a human variant by introducing the murine equivalent of the human R451G variant into endogenous desmoplakin (DspR451G/+). Mice homozygous for this variant displayed embryonic lethality. While DspR451G/+ mice were viable with reduced expression of DSP, no presentable arrhythmogenic or structural phenotypes were identified at baseline. However, increased afterload resulted in reduced cardiac performance, increased chamber dilation, and accelerated progression to heart failure. In addition, following catecholaminergic challenge, DspR451G/+ mice displayed frequent and prolonged arrhythmic events. Finally, aberrant localization of connexin-43 was noted in the DspR451G/+ mice at baseline, becoming more apparent following cardiac stress via pressure overload. In summary, cardiovascular stress is a key trigger for unmasking both electrical and structural phenotypes in one of the first humanized ACM mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler L. Stevens
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Heather R. Manring
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael J. Wallace
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Aaron Argall
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Trevor Dew
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter Papaioannou
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steve Antwi-Boasiako
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xianyao Xu
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stuart G. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Fadi G. Akar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Maegen A. Borzok
- Biochemistry, Chemistry, Engineering, and Physics Department, Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania, Mansfield, PA 16933, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hund
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter J. Mohler
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sara N. Koenig
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mona El Refaey
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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20
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Liu B, Jing Z, Zhang X, Chen Y, Mao S, Kaundal R, Zou Y, Wei G, Zang Y, Wang X, Lin W, Di M, Sun Y, Chen Q, Li Y, Xia J, Sun J, Lin CP, Huang X, Chi T. Large-scale multiplexed mosaic CRISPR perturbation in the whole organism. Cell 2022; 185:3008-3024.e16. [PMID: 35870449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report inducible mosaic animal for perturbation (iMAP), a transgenic platform enabling in situ CRISPR targeting of at least 100 genes in parallel throughout the mouse body. iMAP combines Cre-loxP and CRISPR-Cas9 technologies and utilizes a germline-transmitted transgene carrying a large array of individually floxed, tandemly linked gRNA-coding units. Cre-mediated recombination triggers expression of all the gRNAs in the array but only one of them per cell, converting the mice to mosaic organisms suitable for phenotypic characterization and also for high-throughput derivation of conventional single-gene perturbation lines via breeding. Using gRNA representation as a readout, we mapped a miniature Perturb-Atlas cataloging the perturbations of 90 genes across 39 tissues, which yields rich insights into context-dependent gene functions and provides a glimpse of the potential of iMAP in genome decoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhengyu Jing
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shaoshuai Mao
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ravinder Kaundal
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yan Zou
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ge Wei
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ying Zang
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenyang Lin
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Minghui Di
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yongqin Li
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianlong Sun
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chao-Po Lin
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xingxu Huang
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tian Chi
- Gene Editing Center, School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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21
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Expression of Beta-Catenin, Cadherins and P-Runx2 in Fibro-Osseous Lesions of the Jaw: Tissue Microarray Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040587. [PMID: 35454175 PMCID: PMC9024991 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) and hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) are well-characterized benign bone fibro-osseous lesions. The intracellular mechanism leading to excessive deposition of fibrous tissue and alteration of differentiation processes leading to osteomalacia have not yet been fully clarified. Tissue Microarray (TMA)-based immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin, CK-AE1/AE3, Ki-67, cadherins and P-Runx2 were analyzed in archival samples from nine patients affected by FD and HPT-JT and in seven controls, with the aim of elucidating the contribution of these molecules (β-catenin, cadherins and P-Runx2) in the osteoblast differentiation pathway. β-catenin was strongly upregulated in FD, showing a hyper-cellulated pattern, while it was faintly expressed in bone tumors associated with HPT-JT. Furthermore, the loss of expression of OB-cadherin in osteoblast lineage in FD was accompanied by N-cadherin and P-cadherin upregulation (p < 0.05), while E-cadherin showed a minor role in these pathological processes. P-Runx2 showed over-expression in six out of eight cases of FD and stained moderately positive in the rimming lining osteoblasts in HPT-JT syndrome. β-catenin plays a central role in fibrous tissue proliferation and accompanies the lack of differentiation of osteoblast precursors in mature osteoblasts in FD. The study showed that the combined evaluation of the histological characteristics and the histochemical and immunohistochemical profile of key molecules involved in osteoblast differentiation are useful in the diagnosis, classification and therapeutic management of fibrous-osseous lesions.
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22
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Chen SN, Lam CK, Wan YW, Gao S, Malak OA, Zhao SR, Lombardi R, Ambardekar AV, Bristow MR, Cleveland J, Gigli M, Sinagra G, Graw S, Taylor MR, Wu JC, Mestroni L. Activation of PDGFRA signaling contributes to filamin C-related arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk0052. [PMID: 35196083 PMCID: PMC8865769 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
FLNC truncating mutations (FLNCtv) are prevalent causes of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), with a high risk of developing arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of mutant FLNC in the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic DCM (a-DCM) using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). We demonstrated that iPSC-CMs from two patients with different FLNCtv mutations displayed arrhythmias and impaired contraction. FLNC ablation induced a similar phenotype, suggesting that FLNCtv are loss-of-function mutations. Coimmunoprecipitation and proteomic analysis identified β-catenin (CTNNB1) as a downstream target. FLNC deficiency induced nuclear translocation of CTNNB1 and subsequently activated the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) pathway, which were also observed in human hearts with a-DCM and FLNCtv. Treatment with the PDGFRA inhibitor, crenolanib, improved contractile function of patient iPSC-CMs. Collectively, our findings suggest that PDGFRA signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis, and inhibition of this pathway is a potential therapeutic strategy in FLNC-related cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet Nee Chen
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shanshan Gao
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olfat A. Malak
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shane Rui Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Amrut V. Ambardekar
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael R. Bristow
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joseph Cleveland
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marta Gigli
- Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sharon Graw
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew R.G. Taylor
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luisa Mestroni
- University of Colorado Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Aurora, CO, USA
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23
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Bang ML, Bogomolovas J, Chen J. Understanding the molecular basis of cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H181-H233. [PMID: 34797172 PMCID: PMC8759964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Boogerd CJ, Lacraz GPA, Vértesy Á, van Kampen SJ, Perini I, de Ruiter H, Versteeg D, Brodehl A, van der Kraak P, Giacca M, de Jonge N, Junker JP, van Oudenaarden A, Vink A, van Rooij E. OUP accepted manuscript. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:477-491. [PMID: 35576477 PMCID: PMC10064846 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiac disorder that is characterized by progressive loss of myocardium that is replaced by fibro-fatty cells, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. While myocardial degeneration and fibro-fatty replacement occur in specific locations, the underlying molecular changes remain poorly characterized. Here, we aim to delineate local changes in gene expression to identify new genes and pathways that are relevant for specific remodelling processes occurring during ACM. METHODS AND RESULTS Using Tomo-Seq, genome-wide transcriptional profiling with high spatial resolution, we created transmural epicardial-to-endocardial gene expression atlases of explanted ACM hearts to gain molecular insights into disease-driving processes. This enabled us to link gene expression profiles to the different regional remodelling responses and allowed us to identify genes that are potentially relevant for disease progression. In doing so, we identified distinct gene expression profiles marking regions of cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibro-fatty remodelling and revealed Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 11 (ZBTB11) to be specifically enriched at sites of active fibro-fatty replacement of myocardium. Immunohistochemistry indicated ZBTB11 to be induced in cardiomyocytes flanking fibro-fatty areas, which could be confirmed in multiple cardiomyopathy patients. Forced overexpression of ZBTB11 induced autophagy and cell death-related gene programmes in human cardiomyocytes, leading to increased apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study shows the power of Tomo-Seq to unveil new molecular mechanisms in human cardiomyopathy and uncovers ZBTB11 as a novel driver of cardiomyocyte loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sebastiaan J van Kampen
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hesther de Ruiter
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Versteeg
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Brodehl
- Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Petra van der Kraak
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London, UK
| | - Nicolaas de Jonge
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Philipp Junker
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander van Oudenaarden
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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25
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Kohela A, van Rooij E. Fibro-fatty remodelling in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:22. [PMID: 35441328 PMCID: PMC9018639 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is an inherited disorder characterized by lethal arrhythmias and a risk to sudden cardiac death. A hallmark feature of AC is the progressive replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibro-fatty tissue, which can act as an arrhythmogenic substrate further exacerbating cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, identifying the processes underlying this pathological remodelling would help understand AC pathogenesis and support the development of novel therapies. In this review, we summarize our knowledge on the different models designed to identify the cellular origin and molecular pathways underlying cardiac fibroblast and adipocyte cell differentiation in AC patients. We further outline future perspectives and how targeting the fibro-fatty remodelling process can contribute to novel AC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Kohela
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands ,Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Müller L, Hatzfeld M, Keil R. Desmosomes as Signaling Hubs in the Regulation of Cell Behavior. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:745670. [PMID: 34631720 PMCID: PMC8495202 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are intercellular junctions, which preserve tissue integrity during homeostatic and stress conditions. These functions rely on their unique structural properties, which enable them to respond to context-dependent signals and transmit them to change cell behavior. Desmosome composition and size vary depending on tissue specific expression and differentiation state. Their constituent proteins are highly regulated by posttranslational modifications that control their function in the desmosome itself and in addition regulate a multitude of desmosome-independent functions. This review will summarize our current knowledge how signaling pathways that control epithelial shape, polarity and function regulate desmosomes and how desmosomal proteins transduce these signals to modulate cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Müller
- Department for Pathobiochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Mechthild Hatzfeld
- Department for Pathobiochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - René Keil
- Department for Pathobiochemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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27
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van der Voorn SM, Te Riele ASJM, Basso C, Calkins H, Remme CA, van Veen TAB. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis, pro-arrhythmic remodelling, and novel approaches for risk stratification and therapy. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1571-1584. [PMID: 32246823 PMCID: PMC7526754 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a life-threatening cardiac disease caused by mutations in genes predominantly encoding for desmosomal proteins that lead to alterations in the molecular composition of the intercalated disc. ACM is characterized by progressive replacement of cardiomyocytes by fibrofatty tissue, ventricular dilatation, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure but mostly dominated by the occurrence of life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). As SCD appears mostly in apparently healthy young individuals, there is a demand for better risk stratification of suspected ACM mutation carriers. Moreover, disease severity, progression, and outcome are highly variable in patients with ACM. In this review, we discuss the aetiology of ACM with a focus on pro-arrhythmic disease mechanisms in the early concealed phase of the disease. We summarize potential new biomarkers which might be useful for risk stratification and prediction of disease course. Finally, we explore novel therapeutic strategies to prevent arrhythmias and SCD in the early stages of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M van der Voorn
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85060, Utrecht 3508 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Anneline S J M Te Riele
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85060, Utrecht 3508 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Basso
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Via A. Gabelli, 61 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Sheikh Zayed Tower 7125R, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Carol Ann Remme
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Division of Heart and Lungs, Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85060, Utrecht 3508 AB, The Netherlands
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28
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Li C, Zhang H, Xie Y, Liu S, Zhao R, Huang J, Huang J, Wei Y. Effects of CMYA1 overexpression on cardiac structure and function in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:593-600. [PMID: 33792654 PMCID: PMC8047858 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CMYA1 (cardiomyopathy-associated protein 1, also termed Xin) localizes to the intercalated disks (ICDs) of the myocardium and functions to maintain ICD structural integrity and support signal transduction among cardiomyocytes. Our previous study showed that CMYA1 overexpression impairs the function of gap junction intercellular communication processes. Successful model generation was verified based on PCR, western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analysis. Myocardial CMYA1 expression was confirmed at both the mRNA and the protein levels in the CMYA1-OE transgenic mice. Masson's trichrome staining and electron microscopy revealed myocardial fibrosis and uneven bead width or the interruption of ICDs in the hearts of the CMYA1-OE transgenic mice. Furthermore, the Cx43 protein level was reduced in the CMYA1-OE mice, and co-immunoprecipitation assays of heart tissue protein extracts revealed a physical interaction between CMYA1 and Cx43. Electrocardiogram analysis enabled the detection of an obvious ventricular bigeminy for the CMYA1-OE mice. In summary, analysis of our mouse model indicates that elevated CMYA1 levels may induce myocardial fibrosis, impair ICDs, and downregulate the expression of Cx43. The observed ventricular bigeminy in the CMYA1-OE mice may be mediated by the reduced Cx43 protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Ranxu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
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29
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Pérez-Hernández M, Marrón-Liñares GM, Schlamp F, Heguy A, van Opbergen CJM, Mezzano V, Zhang M, Liang FX, Cerrone M, Delmar M. Transcriptomic Coupling of PKP2 With Inflammatory and Immune Pathways Endogenous to Adult Cardiac Myocytes. Front Physiol 2021; 11:623190. [PMID: 33536940 PMCID: PMC7849609 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plakophilin-2 (PKP2) is classically defined as a component of the desmosome. Besides its role in cell–cell adhesion, PKP2 can modulate transcription through intracellular signals initiated at the site of cell–cell contact. Mutations in PKP2 associate with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Recent data demonstrate that inflammation plays a key role in disease progression; other results show an abundance of anti-heart antibodies in patients with confirmed diagnosis of ARVC. Here, we test the hypothesis that, in adult cardiac myocytes, PKP2 transcript abundance is endogenously linked to the abundance of transcripts participating in the inflammatory/immune response. Cardiac-specific, tamoxifen (TAM)-activated PKP2-knockout mice (PKP2cKO) were crossed with a RiboTag line to allow characterization of the ribosome-resident transcriptome of cardiomyocytes after PKP2 knockdown. Data were combined with informatics analysis of human cardiac transcriptome using GTEx. Separately, the presence of non-myocyte cells at the time of analysis was assessed by imaging methods. We identified a large number of transcripts upregulated consequent to PKP2 deficiency in myocytes, inversely correlated with PKP2 abundance in human transcriptomes, and part of functional pathways associated with inflammatory/immune responses. Our data support the concept that PKP2 is transcriptionally linked, in cardiac myocytes, to genes coding for host-response molecules even in the absence of exogenous triggers. Targeted anti-inflammatory therapy may be effective in ARVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pérez-Hernández
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Grecia M Marrón-Liñares
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Florencia Schlamp
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Genome Technology Center, Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Valeria Mezzano
- Genome Technology Center, Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marina Cerrone
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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30
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Chen Y, Yang L, Qin Y, Liu S, Qiao Y, Wan X, Zeng H, Tang X, Liu M, Hou Y. Effects of differential distributed-JUP on the malignancy of gastric cancer. J Adv Res 2020; 28:195-208. [PMID: 33364056 PMCID: PMC7753239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
JUP, a homologue of β-catenin, is a cell-cell junction protein involved in adhesion junction and desmosome composition. JUP may have a controversial role in different malignancies dependence of its competence with or collaboration with β-catenin as a transcription factor. In this study, we reveal that the function of JUP is related to its cellular location in GC development process from epithelium-like, low malignant GC to advanced EMT-phenotypic GC. Gradual loss of membrane and/or cytoplasm JUP is closely correlated with GC malignancy and poor prognostics. Knockdown of JUP in epithelium-like GC cells causes EMT and promotes GC cell migration and invasion. Ectopic expression of wild JUP in malignant GC cells leads to an attenuated malignant phenotype such as reduced cell invasive potential. In mechanism, loss of membrane and/or cytoplasm JUP abolishes the restrain of JUP to EGFR at cell membrane and results in increased p-AKT levels and AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling activity. In addition, nuclear JUP interacts with nuclear β-catenin and TCF4 and plays a synergistic role with β-catenin in promoting TCF4 transcription and its downstream target MMP7 expression to fuel GC cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yilu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuiqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yina Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xueying Wan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Manran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designed by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixuan Hou
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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31
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Established and Emerging Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: A Multifaceted Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176320. [PMID: 32878278 PMCID: PMC7503882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a heritable myocardial disease that manifests with cardiac arrhythmias, syncope, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure in the advanced stages. The pathological hallmark of ACM is a gradual replacement of the myocardium by fibroadiposis, which typically starts from the epicardium. Molecular genetic studies have identified causal mutations predominantly in genes encoding for desmosomal proteins; however, non-desmosomal causal mutations have also been described, including genes coding for nuclear proteins, cytoskeleton componentsand proteins involved in excitation-contraction coupling. Despite the poor prognosis, currently available treatments can only partially control symptoms and to date there is no effective therapy for ACM. Inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and activation of the Hippo and the TGF-β pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ACM. Yet, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the disease and the cell source of fibroadiposis remains incomplete. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of the disease could facilitate targeted approaches for treatment. In this manuscript we will provide a comprehensive review of the proposed molecular and cellular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of ACM, including the emerging evidence on abnormal calcium homeostasis and inflammatory/autoimmune response. Moreover, we will propose novel hypothesis about the role of epicardial cells and paracrine factors in the development of the phenotype. Finally, we will discuss potential innovative therapeutic approaches based on the growing knowledge in the field.
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32
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Song E, Wang R, Leopold JA, Loscalzo J. Network determinants of cardiovascular calcification and repositioned drug treatments. FASEB J 2020; 34:11087-11100. [PMID: 32638415 PMCID: PMC7497212 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001062r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic cardiovascular calcification is a highly prevalent pathology for which there are no effective novel or repurposed pharmacotherapeutics to prevent disease progression. We created a human calcification endophenotype module (ie, the "calcificasome") by mapping vascular calcification genes (proteins) to the human vascular smooth muscle-specific protein-protein interactome (218 nodes and 632 edges, P < 10-5 ). Network proximity analysis was used to demonstrate that the calcificasome overlapped significantly with endophenotype modules governing inflammation, thrombosis, and fibrosis in the human interactome (P < 0.001). A network-based drug repurposing analysis further revealed that everolimus, temsirolimus, and pomalidomide are predicted to target the calcificasome. The efficacy of these agents in limiting calcification was confirmed experimentally by treating human coronary artery smooth muscle cells in an in vitro calcification assay. Each of the drugs affected expression or activity of their predicted target in the network, and decreased calcification significantly (P < 0.009). An integrated network analytical approach identified novel mediators of ectopic cardiovascular calcification and biologically plausible candidate drugs that could be repurposed to target calcification. This methodological framework for drug repurposing has broad applicability to other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euijun Song
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Rui‐Sheng Wang
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jane A. Leopold
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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33
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Gao S, Chen SN, Di Nardo C, Lombardi R. Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy and Skeletal Muscle Dystrophies: Shared Histopathological Features and Pathogenic Mechanisms. Front Physiol 2020; 11:834. [PMID: 32848821 PMCID: PMC7406798 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a heritable cardiac disease characterized by fibrotic or fibrofatty myocardial replacement, associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Originally described as a disease of the right ventricle, ACM is currently recognized as a biventricular entity, due to the increasing numbers of reports of predominant left ventricular or biventricular involvement. Research over the last 20 years has significantly advanced our knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of ACM. Several etiopathogenetic theories have been proposed; among them, the most attractive one is the dystrophic theory, based on the observation of similar histopathological features between ACM and skeletal muscle dystrophies (SMDs), such as progressive muscular degeneration, inflammation, and tissue replacement by fatty and fibrous tissue. This review will describe the pathophysiological and molecular similarities shared by ACM with SMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Suet Nee Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Carlo Di Nardo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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34
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Gerull B, Brodehl A. Genetic Animal Models for Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:624. [PMID: 32670084 PMCID: PMC7327121 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy has been clinically defined since the 1980s and causes right or biventricular cardiomyopathy associated with ventricular arrhythmia. Although it is a rare cardiac disease, it is responsible for a significant proportion of sudden cardiac deaths, especially in athletes. The majority of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy carry one or more genetic variants in desmosomal genes. In the 1990s, several knockout mouse models of genes encoding for desmosomal proteins involved in cell-cell adhesion revealed for the first time embryonic lethality due to cardiac defects. Influenced by these initial discoveries in mice, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy received an increasing interest in human cardiovascular genetics, leading to the discovery of mutations initially in desmosomal genes and later on in more than 25 different genes. Of note, even in the clinic, routine genetic diagnostics are important for risk prediction of patients and their relatives with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Based on improvements in genetic animal engineering, different transgenic, knock-in, or cardiac-specific knockout animal models for desmosomal and nondesmosomal proteins have been generated, leading to important discoveries in this field. Here, we present an overview about the existing animal models of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with a focus on the underlying pathomechanism and its importance for understanding of this disease. Prospectively, novel mechanistic insights gained from the whole animal, organ, tissue, cellular, and molecular levels will lead to the development of efficient personalized therapies for treatment of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Gerull
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Wuerzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andreas Brodehl
- Erich and Hanna Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Development, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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35
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Yeruva S, Kempf E, Egu DT, Flaswinkel H, Kugelmann D, Waschke J. Adrenergic Signaling-Induced Ultrastructural Strengthening of Intercalated Discs via Plakoglobin Is Crucial for Positive Adhesiotropy in Murine Cardiomyocytes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:430. [PMID: 32508670 PMCID: PMC7253624 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercalated discs (ICDs), which connect adjacent cardiomyocytes, are composed of desmosomes, adherens junctions (AJs) and gap junctions (GJs). Previous data demonstrated that adrenergic signaling enhances cardiac myocyte cohesion, referred to as positive adhesiotropy, via PKA-mediated phosphorylation of plakoglobin (PG). However, it was unclear whether positive adhesiotropy caused ultrastructural modifications of ICDs. Therefore, we further investigated the role of PG in adrenergic signaling-mediated ultrastructural changes in the ICD of cardiomyocytes. Quantitative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of ICD demonstrated that cAMP elevation caused significant elongation of area composita and thickening of the ICD plaque, paralleled by enhanced cardiomyocyte cohesion, in WT but not PG-deficient cardiomyocytes. STED microscopy analysis supported that cAMP elevation ex vivo enhanced overlap of desmoglein-2 (Dsg2) and N-cadherin (N-cad) staining in ICDs of WT but not PG-deficient cardiomyocytes. For dynamic analyses, we utilized HL-1 cardiomyocytes, in which cAMP elevation induced translocation of Dsg2 and PG but not of N-cad to cell junctions. Nevertheless, depletion of N-cad but not of Dsg2 resulted in a decrease in basal cell cohesion whereas positive adhesiotropy was abrogated in monolayers depleted for either Dsg2 or N-cad. In the WT mice, ultrastrutural changes observed after cAMP elevation were paralleled by phosphorylation of PG at serine 665. Our data demonstrate that in murine hearts adrenergic signaling enhanced N-cad and Dsg2 in the ICD paralleled by ultrastrutural strengthening of ICDs and that effects induced by positive adhesiotropy were strictly dependent on Pg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Yeruva
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Kempf
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Desalegn Tadesse Egu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Kugelmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
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36
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Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Molecular Insights for Improved Therapeutic Design. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7020021. [PMID: 32466575 PMCID: PMC7345706 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited disorder characterized by structural and electrical cardiac abnormalities, including myocardial fibro-fatty replacement. Its pathological ventricular substrate predisposes subjects to an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). ACM is a notorious cause of SCD in young athletes, and exercise has been documented to accelerate its progression. Although the genetic culprits are not exclusively limited to the intercalated disc, the majority of ACM-linked variants reside within desmosomal genes and are transmitted via Mendelian inheritance patterns; however, penetrance is highly variable. Its natural history features an initial “concealed phase” that results in patients being vulnerable to malignant arrhythmias prior to the onset of structural changes. Lack of effective therapies that target its pathophysiology renders management of patients challenging due to its progressive nature, and has highlighted a critical need to improve our understanding of its underlying mechanistic basis. In vitro and in vivo studies have begun to unravel the molecular consequences associated with disease causing variants, including altered Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Characterization of ACM mouse models has facilitated the evaluation of new therapeutic approaches. Improved molecular insight into the condition promises to usher in novel forms of therapy that will lead to improved care at the clinical bedside.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a factor of mortality in the whole world. Through canonical and noncanonical pathways and with different receptors, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an essential role in response to heart injuries. Wnt regulates the mobilization and proliferation of cells in endothelium and epicardium in an infarcted heart. Therefore, with its profibrotic effects as well as its antagonism with other proteins, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway leads to beneficial effects on fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in myocardium. In addition, Wnt increases the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac progenitors in an ischemic heart. Complex interactions and dual activity of Wnt, the changes in its expression, and mutations that can change its activity during heart development have an adverse effect on cardiac myocardium after injury. However, targeting the Wnt in myocardium with cellular and molecular pathways can be suggested to improve and repair ischemic heart. Given these challenges, in this review article, we deal with the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as well as its interactions with other cells and molecules in an ischemic myocardium.
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Schinner C, Erber BM, Yeruva S, Schlipp A, Rötzer V, Kempf E, Kant S, Leube RE, Mueller TD, Waschke J. Stabilization of desmoglein-2 binding rescues arrhythmia in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. JCI Insight 2020; 5:130141. [PMID: 32376797 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a genetic disease causing arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death with only symptomatic therapy available at present. Mutations of desmosomal proteins, including desmoglein-2 (Dsg2) and plakoglobin (Pg), are the major cause of AC and have been shown to lead to impaired gap junction function. Recent data indicated the involvement of anti-Dsg2 autoantibodies in AC pathogenesis. We applied a peptide to stabilize Dsg2 binding similar to a translational approach to pemphigus, which is caused by anti-desmoglein autoantibodies. We provide evidence that stabilization of Dsg2 binding by a linking peptide (Dsg2-LP) is efficient to rescue arrhythmia in an AC mouse model immediately upon perfusion. Dsg2-LP, designed to cross-link Dsg2 molecules in proximity to the known binding pocket, stabilized Dsg2-mediated interactions on the surface of living cardiomyocytes as revealed by atomic force microscopy and induced Dsg2 oligomerization. Moreover, Dsg2-LP rescued disrupted cohesion induced by siRNA-mediated Pg or Dsg2 depletion or l-tryptophan, which was applied to impair overall cadherin binding. Dsg2-LP rescued connexin-43 mislocalization and conduction irregularities in response to impaired cardiomyocyte cohesion. These results demonstrate that stabilization of Dsg2 binding by Dsg2-LP can serve as a novel approach to treat arrhythmia in patients with AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Schinner
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Markus Erber
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sunil Yeruva
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Schlipp
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Rötzer
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Kempf
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kant
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf E Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas D Mueller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Waschke
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
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39
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Abstract
Intercalated discs (ICDs) are highly orchestrated structures that connect neighboring cardiomyocytes in the heart. Three major complexes are distinguished in ICD: desmosome, adherens junction (AJ), and gap junction (GJ). Desmosomes are major cell adhesion junctions that anchor cell membrane to the intermediate filament network; AJs connect the actin cytoskeleton of adjacent cells; and gap junctions metabolically and electrically connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cardiomyocytes. All these complexes work as a single unit, the so-called area composita, interdependently rather than individually. Mutation or altered expression of ICD proteins results in various cardiac diseases, such as ARVC (arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy), dilated cardiomyopathy, and hypotrophy cardiomyopathy, eventually leading to heart failure. In this article, we first review the recent findings on the structural organization of ICD and their functions and then focus on the recent advances in molecular pathogenesis of the ICD-related heart diseases, which include two major areas: i) the ICD gene mutations in cardiac diseases, and ii) the involvement of ICD proteins in signal transduction pathways leading to myocardium remodeling and eventual heart failure. These major ICD-related signaling pathways include Wnt/β-catenin pathway, p38 MAPK cascade, Rho-dependent serum response factor (SRF) signaling, calcineurin/NFAT signaling, Hippo kinase cascade, etc., which are differentially regulated in pathological conditions.
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40
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Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disorder characterized by the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias, myocardial dysfunction and fibrofatty replacement of myocardial tissue. Mutations in genes that encode components of desmosomes, the adhesive junctions that connect cardiomyocytes, are the predominant cause of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and can be identified in about half of patients with the condition. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to myocardial destruction, remodelling and arrhythmic predisposition remain poorly understood. Through the development of animal, induced pluripotent stem cell and other models of disease, advances in our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy over the past decade have brought several signalling pathways into focus. These pathways include canonical and non-canonical WNT signalling, the Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway and transforming growth factor-β signalling. These studies have begun to identify potential therapeutic targets whose modulation has shown promise in preclinical models. In this Review, we summarize and discuss the reported molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
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41
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Vileigas DF, Harman VM, Freire PP, Marciano CLC, Sant'Ana PG, de Souza SLB, Mota GAF, da Silva VL, Campos DHS, Padovani CR, Okoshi K, Beynon RJ, Santos LD, Cicogna AC. Landscape of heart proteome changes in a diet-induced obesity model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18050. [PMID: 31792287 PMCID: PMC6888820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Proteomics may provide a more in-depth understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Thus, our study evaluated myocardial protein expression in healthy and obese rats, employing two proteomic approaches. Male Wistar rats were established in two groups (n = 13/group): control diet and Western diet fed for 41 weeks. Obesity was determined by the adipose index, and cardiac function was evaluated in vivo by echocardiogram and in vitro by isolated papillary muscle analysis. Proteomics was based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) along with mass spectrometry identification, and shotgun proteomics with label-free quantification. The Western diet was efficient in triggering obesity and impaired contractile function in vitro; however, no cardiac dysfunction was observed in vivo. The combination of two proteomic approaches was able to increase the cardiac proteomic map and to identify 82 differentially expressed proteins involved in different biological processes, mainly metabolism. Furthermore, the data also indicated a cardiac alteration in fatty acids transport, antioxidant defence, cytoskeleton, and proteasome complex, which have not previously been associated with obesity. Thus, we define a robust alteration in the myocardial proteome of diet-induced obese rats, even before functional impairment could be detected in vivo by echocardiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle F Vileigas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil.
| | - Victoria M Harman
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Paula P Freire
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618970, Brazil
| | - Cecília L C Marciano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Paula G Sant'Ana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L B de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Gustavo A F Mota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Vitor L da Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Dijon H S Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618970, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil
| | - Robert J Beynon
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilene D Santos
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP)/Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18610307, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618687, Brazil.
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42
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Wang X, Zou Y, Li Y, Chen Z, Yin C, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wu J, Yang C, Zhang G, Zou Y, Gong H. Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 is required to maintain intercalated disk integrity. Genes Cells 2019; 24:789-800. [PMID: 31609038 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intercalated disk (ID), a highly organized adhesion structure connecting neighboring cardiomyocytes, fulfills mechanical and electrical signaling communication to ensure normal heart function. Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) is a co-receptor inducing canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It was recently reported that LRP6 deficiency in cardiomyocytes predisposes to arrhythmia independent of Wnt signaling. However, whether LRP6 directly regulates the structure of IDs requires further investigation. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of LRP6 in IDs and the potential underlying mechanisms by inducible cardiac-specific LRP6 knockout mice. The results revealed that LRP6 was predominately expressed in the cell membrane, including the IDs of cardiomyocytes. Tamoxifen-inducible cardiac-specific LRP6 knockout mice displayed overt cardiac dysfunction and disruption of ID structure. Further analysis revealed that cardiac LRP6 deficiency induced the imbalance of ID component proteins, characterized by the sharply decreased expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) and the significantly increased expression of N-cadherin, desmoplakin and γ-catenin in tissue lysates or membrane fraction from the left ventricle. STRING database analysis indicated that β-catenin, but no other ID-associated proteins, interacted with LRP6. Our immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that LRP6 strongly interacted with Cx43, N-cadherin and γ-catenin, and weakly interacted with β-catenin, whereas there was no association with desmoplakin. In response to LRP6 deficiency, the recruitment of β- or γ-catenin to N-cadherin was increased, but they displayed little interaction with Cx43. In conclusion, LRP6 is required to maintain the integrity of ID structure and the balance of ID proteins, and the interaction between LRP6 and Cx43, N-cadherin and γ-catenin may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhidan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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43
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Tang X, Tian J, Xie L, Ji Y. γ-catenin alleviates cardiac fibrosis through inhibiting phosphorylation of GSK-3β. J Biomed Res 2019; 0:1-9. [PMID: 31741464 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.33.20190070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological change of many cardiovascular diseases. β-catenin has been shown to promote fibrosis. However, the precise role of its homolog γ-catenin in the process of fibrosis remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of γ-catenin was significantly decreased in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiac fibrosis model, contrary to most reports of β-catenin. Overexpression of γ-catenin in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) significantly inhibited the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), whereas knocking down the expression of γ-catenin with siRNA promoted the occurrence of cardiac fibrosis. Mechanistically, γ-catenin could bind to GSK-3β to inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK-3β, therefore preventing cardiac fibrosis. Our study shows that γ-catenin is an important protective factor in cardiac fibrosis, which provides a new potential target for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention and Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative InnovationCenter for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention and Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative InnovationCenter for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention and Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative InnovationCenter for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention and Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative InnovationCenter for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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44
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Luong-Gardiol N, Siddiqui I, Pizzitola I, Jeevan-Raj B, Charmoy M, Huang Y, Irmisch A, Curtet S, Angelov GS, Danilo M, Juilland M, Bornhauser B, Thome M, Hantschel O, Chalandon Y, Cazzaniga G, Bourquin JP, Huelsken J, Held W. γ-Catenin-Dependent Signals Maintain BCR-ABL1 + B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:649-663.e10. [PMID: 30991025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and of a significant fraction of adult-onset B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cases. Using mouse models and patient-derived samples, we identified an essential role for γ-catenin in the initiation and maintenance of BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL but not CML. The selectivity was explained by a partial γ-catenin dependence of MYC expression together with the susceptibility of B-ALL, but not CML, to reduced MYC levels. MYC and γ-catenin enabled B-ALL maintenance by augmenting BIRC5 and enforced BIRC5 expression overcame γ-catenin loss. Since γ-catenin was dispensable for normal hematopoiesis, these lineage- and disease-specific features of canonical Wnt signaling identified a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Luong-Gardiol
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Imran Siddiqui
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Irene Pizzitola
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Beena Jeevan-Raj
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Charmoy
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Irmisch
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), Federal University of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Curtet
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Georgi S Angelov
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Danilo
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Juilland
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Beat Bornhauser
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), Federal University of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Chalandon
- Service d'Hématologie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gianni Cazzaniga
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Clinic University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourquin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Huelsken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), Federal University of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Werner Held
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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45
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TMEM43-S358L mutation enhances NF-κB-TGFβ signal cascade in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. Protein Cell 2018; 10:104-119. [PMID: 29980933 PMCID: PMC6340891 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-018-0563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is a genetic cardiac muscle disease that accounts for approximately 30% sudden cardiac death in young adults. The Ser358Leu mutation of transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43) was commonly identified in the patients of highly lethal and fully penetrant ARVD subtype, ARVD5. Here, we generated TMEM43 S358L mouse to explore the underlying mechanism. This mouse strain showed the classic pathologies of ARVD patients, including structural abnormalities and cardiac fibrofatty. TMEM43 S358L mutation led to hyper-activated nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation in heart tissues and primary cardiomyocyte cells. Importantly, this hyper activation of NF-κB directly drove the expression of pro-fibrotic gene, transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1), and enhanced downstream signal, indicating that TMEM43 S358L mutation up-regulates NF-κB-TGFβ signal cascade during ARVD cardiac fibrosis. Our study partially reveals the regulatory mechanism of ARVD development.
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46
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Manring HR, Dorn LE, Ex-Willey A, Accornero F, Ackermann MA. At the heart of inter- and intracellular signaling: the intercalated disc. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:961-971. [PMID: 29876873 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper cardiac function requires the synchronous mechanical and electrical coupling of individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc (ID) mediates coupling of neighboring myocytes through intercellular signaling. Intercellular communication is highly regulated via intracellular signaling, and signaling pathways originating from the ID control cardiomyocyte remodeling and function. Herein, we present an overview of the inter- and intracellular signaling that occurs at and originates from the intercalated disc in normal physiology and pathophysiology. This review highlights the importance of the intercalated disc as an integrator of signaling events regulating homeostasis and stress responses in the heart and the center of several pathophysiological processes mediating the development of cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Manring
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lisa E Dorn
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Aidan Ex-Willey
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Maegen A Ackermann
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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47
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Hoorntje ET, Te Rijdt WP, James CA, Pilichou K, Basso C, Judge DP, Bezzina CR, van Tintelen JP. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: pathology, genetics, and concepts in pathogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1521-1531. [PMID: 28957532 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a rare, heritable heart disease characterized by fibro-fatty replacement of the myocardium and a high degree of electric instability. It was first thought to be a congenital disorder, but is now regarded as a dystrophic heart muscle disease that develops over time. There is no curative treatment and current treatment strategies focus on attenuating the symptoms, slowing disease progression, and preventing life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Identification of mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins and in other genes has led to insights into the disease pathogenesis and greatly facilitated identification of family members at risk. The disease phenotype is, however, highly variable and characterized by incomplete penetrance. Although the reasons are still poorly understood, sex, endurance exercise and a gene-dosage effect seem to play a role in these phenomena. The discovery of the genes and mutations implicated in ACM has allowed animal and cellular models to be generated, enabling researchers to start unravelling it's underlying molecular mechanisms. Observations in humans and in animal models suggest that reduced cell-cell adhesion affects gap junction and ion channel remodelling at the intercalated disc, and along with impaired desmosomal function, these can lead to perturbations in signalling cascades like the Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP pathways. Perturbations of these pathways are also thought to lead to fibro-fatty replacement. A better understanding of the molecular processes may lead to new therapies that target specific pathways involved in ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar T Hoorntje
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter P Te Rijdt
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia A James
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kalliopi Pilichou
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy
| | - Cristina Basso
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy
| | - Daniel P Judge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Peter van Tintelen
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sommariva E, Stadiotti I, Perrucci GL, Tondo C, Pompilio G. Cell models of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: advances and opportunities. Dis Model Mech 2018; 10:823-835. [PMID: 28679668 PMCID: PMC5536909 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a rare genetic disease that is mostly inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. It is associated predominantly with mutations in desmosomal genes and is characterized by the replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibrous fatty deposits, arrhythmias and a high risk of sudden death. In vitro studies have contributed to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying this disease, including its genetic determinants, as well as its cellular, signaling and molecular defects. Here, we review what is currently known about the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and focus on the in vitro models that have advanced our understanding of the disease. Finally, we assess the potential of established and innovative cell platforms for elucidating unknown aspects of this disease, and for screening new potential therapeutic agents. This appraisal of in vitro models of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy highlights the discoveries made about this disease and the uses of these models for future basic and therapeutic research. Summary:In vitro models of ACM provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of this disease. This reappraisal offers a comprehensive vision of past discoveries and constitutes a tool for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sommariva
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, via Parea 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stadiotti
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, via Parea 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Gianluca L Perrucci
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, via Parea 4, Milan 20138, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan 20122, Italy.,Cardiac Arrhythmia Research Center, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, via Parea 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, via Parea 4, Milan 20138, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan 20122, Italy
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Huang L, Wu KH, Zhang L, Wang Q, Tang S, Wu Q, Jiang PH, Lin JJC, Guo J, Wang L, Loh SH, Cheng J. Critical Roles of Xirp Proteins in Cardiac Conduction and Their Rare Variants Identified in Sudden Unexplained Nocturnal Death Syndrome and Brugada Syndrome in Chinese Han Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e006320. [PMID: 29306897 PMCID: PMC5778954 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) remains an autopsy negative entity with unclear etiology. Arrhythmia has been implicated in SUNDS. Mutations/deficiencies in intercalated disc components have been shown to cause arrhythmias. Human cardiomyopathy-associated 1 (XIRP1) and 3 (XIRP2) are intercalated disc-associated, Xin repeats-containing proteins. Mouse Xirp1 is necessary for the integrity of intercalated disc and for the surface expression of transient outward and delayed rectifier K+ channels, whereas mouse Xirp2 is required for Xirp1 intercalated disc localization. Thus, XIRP1 and XIRP2 may be potentially causal genes for SUNDS. METHODS AND RESULTS We genetically screened XIRP genes in 134 sporadic SUNDS victims and 22 Brugada syndrome (BrS) cases in a Chinese Han population. We identified 16 rare variants (6 were in silico predicted as deleterious) in SUNDS victims, including a novel variant, XIRP2-E215K. There were also four rare variants (2 were in silico predicted as deleterious) detected in BrS cases, including a novel variant, XIRP2-L2718P. Interestingly, among these 20 variants, we detected 2 likely pathogenic variants: a nonsense variant (XIRP2-Q2875*) and a frameshift variant (XIRP2-T2238QfsX7). Analyzing available Xirp2 knockout mice, we further found that mouse hearts without Xirp2 exhibited prolonged PR and QT intervals, slow conduction velocity, atrioventricular conduction block, and an abnormal infranodal ventricular conduction system. Whole-cell patch-clamp detected altered ionic currents in Xirp2-/- cardiomyocytes, consistent with the observed association between Xirp2 and Nav1.5/Kv1.5 in co-immunoprecipitation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report identifying likely pathogenic XIRP rare variants in arrhythmogenic disorders such as SUNDS and Brugada syndrome, and showing critical roles of Xirp2 in cardiac conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kuo-Ho Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liyong Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Shuangbo Tang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuping Wu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Hsiu Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jian Guo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- China National GeneBank BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- China National GeneBank BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shih-Hurng Loh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jianding Cheng
- Department of Forensic Pathology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Piven OO, Winata CL. The canonical way to make a heart: β-catenin and plakoglobin in heart development and remodeling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1735-1745. [PMID: 28920469 PMCID: PMC5714149 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217732737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main mediator of the canonical Wnt pathway, β-catenin, is a major effector of embryonic development, postnatal tissue homeostasis, and adult tissue regeneration. The requirement for β-catenin in cardiogenesis and embryogenesis has been well established. However, many questions regarding the molecular mechanisms by which β-catenin and canonical Wnt signaling regulate these developmental processes remain unanswered. An interesting question that emerged from our studies concerns how β-catenin signaling is modulated through interaction with other factors. Recent experimental data implicate new players in canonical Wnt signaling, particularly those which modulate β-catenin function in many its biological processes, including cardiogenesis. One of the interesting candidates is plakoglobin, a little-studied member of the catenin family which shares several mechanistic and functional features with its close relative, β-catenin. Here we have focused on the function of β-catenin in cardiogenesis. We also summarize findings on plakoglobin signaling function and discuss possible interplays between β-catenin and plakoglobin in the regulation of embryonic heart development. Impact statement Heart development, function, and remodeling are complex processes orchestrated by multiple signaling networks. This review examines our current knowledge of the role of canonical Wnt signaling in cardiogenesis and heart remodeling, focusing primarily on the mechanistic action of its effector β-catenin. We summarize the generally accepted understanding of the field based on experimental in vitro and in vivo data, and address unresolved questions in the field, specifically relating to the role of canonical Wnt signaling in heart maturation and regeneration. What are the modulators of canonical Wnt, and particularly what are the potential roles of plakoglobin, a close relative of β-catenin, in regulating Wnt signaling?Answers to these questions will enhance our understanding of the mechanism by which the canonical Wnt signaling regulates development of the heart and its regeneration after damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana O Piven
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Kyiv 0314, Ukraine
| | - Cecilia L Winata
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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