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Muto T, Sakamoto M, Kusuda S, Haruyama Y, Machida S, Imaizumi S, Sekiryu T. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13211. [PMID: 38851824 PMCID: PMC11162482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To determine the disease prevalence rate and clinical characteristics of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease among new patients before and after the declaration of a state of emergency (April 7, 2020) in Japan. New patients and patients with newly diagnosed VKH disease were categorized into "Before" and "After" groups based on the initial visit. The prevalence rate, sex ratio, and age of patients newly diagnosed with VKH were compared between the groups. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and recurrence rates were compared among 59 patients observed for > 12 months after receiving pulse steroid therapy. For reference, we also examined the prevalence rate of patients newly diagnosed with acute angle closure (AAC) in the Before and After groups. The prevalence rates of VKH disease among newly diagnosed patients (P < 0.05) or patients with AAC (P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the After group. No significant differences in sex ratio or age of VKH disease were observed in both groups. BCVA and recurrence rates showed no significant differences. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the prevalence of VKH disease among new patients compared with that of AAC. However, the clinical features of VKH disease were unlikely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Muto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, 343-8555, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imaizumi Eye Hospital, 20-9 Domaecho, Koriyama, 963-8877, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Sakamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kusuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuo Haruyama
- Dokkyo Medical University Center for Research Cooperative and Support, Mibu, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Shigeki Machida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Imaizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imaizumi Eye Hospital, 20-9 Domaecho, Koriyama, 963-8877, Japan
| | - Tetsuju Sekiryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
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Anguita R, Wickham L. Endophthalmitis related to face masks, what have we learnt? Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:2151. [PMID: 36289444 PMCID: PMC9607750 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Anguita
- Vitreoretinal Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
| | - Louisa Wickham
- Vitreoretinal Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
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Yang Y, Wong Y, Li Y, Duan F, Ma X, Wong H, Sun R, Zeng J, Liu M, Yuan Z, Lin X. Clinical Features, Antibiotic Susceptibilities, and Outcomes of Endophthalmitis Caused by Streptococcal Infection: Children vs. Adults. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:962. [PMID: 37370281 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus spp. are common causative organisms of endophthalmitis. Analysis of the clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities, and outcomes of streptococcal endophthalmitis in children and adults may guide future management. Sixty-seven patients (67 eyes) with streptococcal endophthalmitis who were admitted to the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2013 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 20.7 ± 21.6 years, and 59.7% were children. Streptococcal infection accounted for 13.9% of culture-proven bacterial endophthalmitis cases; the proportion was higher in children than in adults (32.3% vs. 7.6%, p < 0.01) and increased from 8.1% in 2013-2017 to 20.1% in 2018-2022 (p < 0.01). Eye trauma was the most common etiology in both children and adults (82.5% and 66.7%, respectively). Viridans group streptococci were the most common isolates, followed by S. pneumoniae. The susceptibility rates of the streptococci to vancomycin, cefuroxime, and levofloxacin were 100%, 95.5%, and 93.0%, respectively. The overall mean best-corrected visual acuity increased from 2.74 ± 0.19 logMAR initially to 2.32 ± 0.75 logMAR at the last follow-up (p < 0.05). In conclusion, streptococcal infections have increased in cases of bacterial endophthalmitis in recent years and are more common in children. The commonly used antibiotics, vancomycin, cefuroxime, and fluoroquinolone, showed higher antibiotic susceptibility. After prompt treatment, visual outcomes improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuenying Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yujie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Fang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xinqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hiufong Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rongsha Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jieting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Manli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhaohui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Morioka M, Takamura Y, Miyazaki HT, Gozawa M, Yamada Y, Komori R, Tanaka K, Inatani M. Relationship between surgical field contamination by patient's exhaled air and the state of the drapes during eye surgery. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5713. [PMID: 37029161 PMCID: PMC10080504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in facemask use. Consequently, it has been reported that exhaled airflow toward the eyes can cause the dispersal of bacteria into the eyes, potentially increasing the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis. In addition to wearing a facemask, gaps between the surgical drape and skin can also direct exhaled airflow toward the eyes. Here, we aimed to examine how the risk of contamination varies depending on the state of the drapes. We used a carbon dioxide imaging camera to visualize changes in exhaled airflow under different drape conditions and a particle counter to evaluate changes in the number of particles around the eye. The results revealed airflow present around the eye and a significant increase in the number of particles when the nasal side of the drape was detached from the skin. However, when a metal rod called "rihika" was used to create space above the body, the airflow and number of particles were significantly reduced. Thus, if drape coverage becomes incomplete during surgery, exhaled airflow toward the eye may contaminate the surgical field. On hanging up the drape, airflow can escape in the direction of the body, potentially preventing contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Morioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan.
| | | | - Makoto Gozawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
| | - Ryohei Komori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
| | - Kengo Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
| | - Masaru Inatani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Yoshida, Japan
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