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Huang XB, Huang Q, Jiang MC, Zhong Q, Zheng HL, Wang JB, Huang ZN, Wang HG, Liu ZY, Li YF, Xu KX, Lin M, Li P, Huang ZH, Xie JW, Lin JX, Lu J, Que JW, Zheng CH, Chen QY, Huang CM. KLHL21 suppresses gastric tumourigenesis via maintaining STAT3 signalling equilibrium in stomach homoeostasis. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-331111. [PMID: 38969490 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Precancerous metaplasia transition to dysplasia poses a risk for subsequent intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. However, the molecular basis underlying the transformation from metaplastic to cancerous cells remains poorly understood. DESIGN An integrated analysis of genes associated with metaplasia, dysplasia was conducted, verified and characterised in the gastric tissues of patients by single-cell RNA sequencing and immunostaining. Multiple mouse models, including homozygous conditional knockout Klhl21-floxed mice, were generated to investigate the role of Klhl21 deletion in stemness, DNA damage and tumour formation. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics and ribosome sequencing were used to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Kelch-like protein 21 (KLHL21) expression progressively decreased in metaplasia, dysplasia and cancer. Genetic deletion of Klhl21 enhances the rapid proliferation of Mist1+ cells and their descendant cells. Klhl21 loss during metaplasia facilitates the recruitment of damaged cells into the cell cycle via STAT3 signalling. Increased STAT3 activity was confirmed in cancer cells lacking KLHL21, boosting self-renewal and tumourigenicity. Mechanistically, the loss of KLHL21 promotes PIK3CB mRNA translation by stabilising the PABPC1-eIF4G complex, subsequently causing STAT3 activation. Pharmacological STAT3 inhibition by TTI-101 elicited anticancer effects, effectively impeding the transition from metaplasia to dysplasia. In patients with gastric cancer, low levels of KLHL21 had a shorter survival rate and a worse response to adjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlighted that KLHL21 loss triggers STAT3 reactivation through PABPC1-mediated PIK3CB translational activation, and targeting STAT3 can reverse preneoplastic metaplasia in KLHL21-deficient stomachs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Mei-Chen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhong
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Hua-Long Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jia-Bin Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Ze-Ning Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Hua-Gen Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Mi Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Huang
- Public Technology Service Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Xian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Wen Que
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Qi-Yue Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
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2
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Miao ZF, Sun JX, Huang XZ, Bai S, Pang MJ, Li JY, Chen HY, Tong QY, Ye SY, Wang XY, Hu XH, Li JY, Zou JW, Xu W, Yang JH, Lu X, Mills JC, Wang ZN. Metaplastic regeneration in the mouse stomach requires a reactive oxygen species pathway. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1175-1191.e7. [PMID: 38521055 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In pyloric metaplasia, mature gastric chief cells reprogram via an evolutionarily conserved process termed paligenosis to re-enter the cell cycle and become spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) cells. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) following injury to the murine stomach to analyze mechanisms governing paligenosis at high resolution. Injury causes induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) with coordinated changes in mitochondrial activity and cellular metabolism, requiring the transcriptional mitochondrial regulator Ppargc1a (Pgc1α) and ROS regulator Nf2el2 (Nrf2). Loss of the ROS and mitochondrial control in Ppargc1a-/- mice causes the death of paligenotic cells through ferroptosis. Blocking the cystine transporter SLC7A11(xCT), which is critical in lipid radical detoxification through glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), also increases ferroptosis. Finally, we show that PGC1α-mediated ROS and mitochondrial changes also underlie the paligenosis of pancreatic acinar cells. Altogether, the results detail how metabolic and mitochondrial changes are necessary for injury response, regeneration, and metaplasia in the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan-Zhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi Bai
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Min-Jiao Pang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han-Yu Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi-Yue Tong
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi-Yu Ye
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Hai Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing-Ying Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun-Hao Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Departments of Pathology & Immunology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, 535E Anderson-Jones Building, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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3
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Sur S, Bhartiya P, Steele R, Brennan M, DiPaolo RJ, Ray RB. Momordicine-I Suppresses Head and Neck Cancer Growth by Reprogrammimg Immunosuppressive Effect of the Tumor-Infiltrating Macrophages and B Lymphocytes. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:672-682. [PMID: 38315993 PMCID: PMC11065610 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is prevalent worldwide, and treatment options are limited. Momordicine-I (M-I), a natural component from bitter melon, shows antitumor activity against these cancers, but its mechanism of action, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME), remains unclear. In this study, we establish that M-I reduces HNC tumor growth in two different immunocompetent mouse models using MOC2 and SCC VII cells. We demonstrate that the anticancer activity results from modulating several molecules in the monocyte/macrophage clusters in CD45+ populations in MOC2 tumors by single-cell RNA sequencing. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) often pose a barrier to antitumor effects, but following M-I treatment, we observe a significant reduction in the expression of Sfln4, a myeloid cell differentiation factor, and Cxcl3, a neutrophil chemoattractant, in the monocyte/macrophage populations. We further find that the macrophages must be in close contact with the tumor cells to inhibit Sfln4 and Cxcl3, suggesting that these TAMs are impacted by M-I treatment. Coculturing macrophages with tumor cells shows inhibition of Agr1 expression following M-I treatment, which is indicative of switching from M2 to M1 phenotype. Furthermore, the total B-cell population in M-I-treated tumors is significantly lower, whereas spleen cells also show similar results when cocultured with MOC2 cells. M-I treatment also inhibits PD1, PD-L1, and FoxP3 expression in tumors. Collectively, these results uncover the potential mechanism of M-I by modulating immune cells, and this new insight can help to develop M-I as a promising candidate to treat HNCs, either alone or as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Pradeep Bhartiya
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle Brennan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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4
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Liu L, Fan XH, Tang XD. Revolutionizing Gastric Cancer Prevention: Novel Insights on Gastric Mucosal Inflammation-Cancer Transformation and Chinese Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3806-5. [PMID: 38676828 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The progression from gastric mucosal inflammation to cancer signifies a pivotal event in the trajectory of gastric cancer (GC) development. Chinese medicine (CM) exhibits unique advantages and holds significant promise in inhibiting carcinogenesis of the gastric mucosa. This review intricately examines the critical pathological events during the transition from gastric mucosal inflammation-cancer transformation (GMICT), with a particular focus on pathological evolution mechanisms of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM). Moreover, it investigates the pioneering applications and advancements of CM in intervening within the medical research domain of precancerous transformations leading to GC. Furthermore, the analysis extends to major shortcomings and challenges confronted by current research in gastric precancerous lesions, and innovative studies related to CM are presented. We offer a highly succinct yet optimistic outlook on future developmental trends. This paper endeavors to foster a profound understanding of forefront dynamics in GMICT research and scientific implications of modernizing CM. It also introduces a novel perspective for establishing a collaborative secondary prevention system for GC that integrates both Western and Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Future Health Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, 314100, China
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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5
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Tong QY, Pang MJ, Hu XH, Huang XZ, Sun JX, Wang XY, Burclaff J, Mills JC, Wang ZN, Miao ZF. Gastric intestinal metaplasia: progress and remaining challenges. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:285-301. [PMID: 38242996 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Most gastric cancers arise in the setting of chronic inflammation which alters gland organization, such that acid-pumping parietal cells are lost, and remaining cells undergo metaplastic change in differentiation patterns. From a basic science perspective, recent progress has been made in understanding how atrophy and initial pyloric metaplasia occur. However, pathologists and cancer biologists have long been focused on the development of intestinal metaplasia patterns in this setting. Arguably, much less progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that lead to the intestinalization seen in chronic atrophic gastritis and pyloric metaplasia. One plausible explanation for this disparity lies in the notable absence of reliable and reproducible small animal models within the field, which would facilitate the investigation of the mechanisms underlying the development of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). This review offers an in-depth exploration of the current state of research in GIM, shedding light on its pivotal role in tumorigenesis. We delve into the histological subtypes of GIM and explore their respective associations with tumor formation. We present the current repertoire of biomarkers utilized to delineate the origins and progression of GIM and provide a comprehensive survey of the available, albeit limited, mouse lines employed for modeling GIM and engage in a discussion regarding potential cell lineages that serve as the origins of GIM. Finally, we expound upon the myriad signaling pathways recognized for their activity in GIM and posit on their potential overlap and interactions that contribute to the ultimate manifestation of the disease phenotype. Through our exhaustive review of the progression from gastric disease to GIM, we aim to establish the groundwork for future research endeavors dedicated to elucidating the etiology of GIM and developing strategies for its prevention and treatment, considering its potential precancerous nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yue Tong
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Min-Jiao Pang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Hai Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuan-Zhang Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Joseph Burclaff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 N. Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
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Adkins-Threats M, Huang YZ, Mills JC. Highlights of how single-cell analyses are illuminating differentiation and disease in the gastric corpus. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G205-G215. [PMID: 38193187 PMCID: PMC11211037 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00164.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful technique to identify novel cell markers, developmental trajectories, and transcriptional changes during cell differentiation and disease onset and progression. In this review, we highlight recent scRNA-seq studies of the gastric corpus in both human and murine systems that have provided insight into gastric organogenesis, identified novel markers for the various gastric lineages during development and in adults, and revealed transcriptional changes during regeneration and tumorigenesis. Overall, by elucidating transcriptional states and fluctuations at the cellular level in healthy and disease contexts, scRNA-seq may lead to better, more personalized clinical treatments for disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahliyah Adkins-Threats
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Yang-Zhe Huang
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer and Cell Biology Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
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7
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Trinh VQH, Ankenbauer KE, Liu J, Batardiere M, Maurer HC, Copeland C, Wong J, Ben-Levy O, Torbit SM, Jarvis B, Revetta F, Ivanov S, Jyotsana N, Makino Y, Ruelas AM, Means AL, Maitra A, Tan MCB, DelGiorno KE. Oncogenic GNAS drives a gastric pylorus program in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.25.581948. [PMID: 38464029 PMCID: PMC10925208 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.25.581948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMNs) are cystic lesions and bona fide precursors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recently, we showed that acinar to ductal metaplasia, an injury repair program, is characterized by a transcriptomic program similar to gastric spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM), suggesting common mechanisms of reprogramming between the stomach and pancreas. The aims of this study were to assay IPMN for pyloric markers and to identify molecular drivers of this program. DESIGN We analyzed RNA-seq studies of IPMN for pyloric markers, which were validated by immunostaining in patient samples. Cell lines expressing Kras G12D +/- GNAS R201C were manipulated to identify distinct and overlapping transcriptomic programs driven by each oncogene. A PyScenic-based regulon analysis was performed to identify molecular drivers in the pancreas. Expression of candidate drivers was evaluated by RNA-seq and immunostaining. RESULTS Pyloric markers were identified in human IPMN. GNAS R201C drove expression of these markers in cell lines and siRNA targeting of GNAS R201C or Kras G12D demonstrates that GNAS R201C amplifies a mucinous, pyloric phenotype. Regulon analysis identified a role for transcription factors SPDEF, CREB3L1, and CREB3L4, which are expressed in patient samples. siRNA-targeting of Spdef inhibited mucin production. CONCLUSION De novo expression of a SPEM phenotype has been identified in pancreatitis and a pyloric phenotype in Kras G12D -driven PanIN and Kras G12D ;GNAS R201C -driven IPMN, suggesting common mechanisms of reprogramming between these lesions and the stomach. A transition from a SPEM to pyloric phenotype may reflect disease progression and/or oncogenic mutation. IPMN-specific GNAS R201C amplifies a mucinous phenotype, in part, through SPDEF.
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8
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Fu K, Cheung AHK, Wong CC, Liu W, Zhou Y, Wang F, Huang P, Yuan K, Coker OO, Pan Y, Chen D, Lam NM, Gao M, Zhang X, Huang H, To KF, Sung JJY, Yu J. Streptococcus anginosus promotes gastric inflammation, atrophy, and tumorigenesis in mice. Cell 2024; 187:882-896.e17. [PMID: 38295787 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus anginosus (S. anginosus) was enriched in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Here, we show that S. anginosus colonized the mouse stomach and induced acute gastritis. S. anginosus infection spontaneously induced progressive chronic gastritis, parietal cell atrophy, mucinous metaplasia, and dysplasia in conventional mice, and the findings were confirmed in germ-free mice. In addition, S. anginosus accelerated GC progression in carcinogen-induced gastric tumorigenesis and YTN16 GC cell allografts. Consistently, S. anginosus disrupted gastric barrier function, promoted cell proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis. Mechanistically, we identified an S. anginosus surface protein, TMPC, that interacts with Annexin A2 (ANXA2) receptor on gastric epithelial cells. Interaction of TMPC with ANXA2 mediated attachment and colonization of S. anginosus and induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. ANXA2 knockout abrogated the induction of MAPK by S. anginosus. Thus, this study reveals S. anginosus as a pathogen that promotes gastric tumorigenesis via direct interactions with gastric epithelial cells in the TMPC-ANXA2-MAPK axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Fu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alvin Ho Kwan Cheung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Chun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yunfei Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feixue Wang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pingmei Huang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yasi Pan
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danyu Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nga Man Lam
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mengxue Gao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joseph Jao Yiu Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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9
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Benitz S, Steep A, Nasser M, Preall J, Mahajan UM, McQuithey H, Loveless I, Davis ET, Wen HJ, Long DW, Metzler T, Zwernik S, Louw M, Rempinski D, Salas-Escabillas D, Brender S, Song L, Huang L, Zhang Z, Steele NG, Regel I, Bednar F, Crawford HC. ROR2 regulates cellular plasticity in pancreatic neoplasia and adenocarcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.13.571566. [PMID: 38168289 PMCID: PMC10760092 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.13.571566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) starting from the conversion of normal cells into precancerous lesions to the progression of carcinoma subtypes associated with aggressiveness and therapeutic response. We discovered that normal acinar cell differentiation, maintained by the transcription factor Pdx1, suppresses a broad gastric cell identity that is maintained in metaplasia, neoplasia, and the classical subtype of PDAC in mouse and human. We have identified the receptor tyrosine kinase Ror2 as marker of a gastric metaplasia (SPEM)-like identity in the pancreas. Ablation of Ror2 in a mouse model of pancreatic tumorigenesis promoted a switch to a gastric pit cell identity that largely persisted through progression to the classical subtype of PDAC. In both human and mouse pancreatic cancer, ROR2 activity continued to antagonize the gastric pit cell identity, strongly promoting an epithelial to mesenchymal transition, conferring resistance to KRAS inhibition, and vulnerability to AKT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Benitz
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Alec Steep
- Center of Translational Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Malak Nasser
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonathan Preall
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Ujjwal M. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holly McQuithey
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ian Loveless
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Erick T. Davis
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hui-Ju Wen
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel W. Long
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas Metzler
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Samuel Zwernik
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Michaela Louw
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Donald Rempinski
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Sydney Brender
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Linghao Song
- Center of Translational Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Center of Translational Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nina G. Steele
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ivonne Regel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Filip Bednar
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Howard C. Crawford
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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10
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Loe AKH, Rao-Bhatia A, Wei Z, Kim JE, Guan B, Qin Y, Hong M, Kwak HS, Liu X, Zhang L, Wrana JL, Guo H, Kim TH. YAP targetome reveals activation of SPEM in gastric pre-neoplastic progression and regeneration. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113497. [PMID: 38041813 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease caused by environmental factors increases the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. A major type of GC uniquely undergoes spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) followed by intestinal metaplasia. Notably, intestinal-type GC patients with high levels of YAP signaling exhibit a lower survival rate and poor prognosis. YAP overexpression in gastric cells induces atrophy, metaplasia, and hyperproliferation, while its deletion in a Notch-activated gastric adenoma model suppresses them. By defining the YAP targetome genome-wide, we demonstrate that YAP binds to active chromatin elements of SPEM-related genes, which correlates with the activation of their expression in both metaplasia and ulcers. Single-cell analysis combined with our YAP signature reveals that YAP signaling is activated during SPEM, demonstrating YAP as a central regulator of SPEM in gastric neoplasia and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian K H Loe
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Abilasha Rao-Bhatia
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhao Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Bingxin Guan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Minji Hong
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Hyo Sang Kwak
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Leyi Zhang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L Wrana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haiyang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China; Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China.
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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11
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Ren D, Niu C, Wei K, Ifegwu I. 10-Year observation of a rare presentation of pure fibromyxoid nephrogenic adenoma in the renal pelvis. Urol Case Rep 2023; 51:102601. [PMID: 37965121 PMCID: PMC10641596 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is an unusual benign epithelial tumor in the genitourinary tract. Here we report a fibromyxoid nephrogenic adenoma in a 37-year-old female presenting with over 10-year slow-growing renal pelvic mass that was diagnosed with bland spindle cell lesion in multiple previous biopsies. This is the first reported case of pure fibromyxoid NA in renal pelvis with close comparison and correlation of biopsy and resection findings over a 10-year span. This will enhance awareness of pathologists to consider this unusual entity when examining spindle cell lesions in this setting, and prevent misdiagnosis and overtreatment of a typically benign process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ren
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Chenchen Niu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Katherine Wei
- Department of Radiology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Ibe Ifegwu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
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12
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O'Brien VP, Kang Y, Shenoy MK, Finak G, Young WC, Dubrulle J, Koch L, Rodriguez Martinez AE, Williams J, Donato E, Batra SK, Yeung CC, Grady WM, Koch MA, Gottardo R, Salama NR. Single-cell Profiling Uncovers a Muc4-Expressing Metaplastic Gastric Cell Type Sustained by Helicobacter pylori-driven Inflammation. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1756-1769. [PMID: 37674528 PMCID: PMC10478791 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms for Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-driven stomach cancer are not fully understood. In a transgenic mouse model of gastric preneoplasia, concomitant Hp infection and induction of constitutively active KRAS (Hp+KRAS+) alters metaplasia phenotypes and elicits greater inflammation than either perturbation alone. Gastric single-cell RNA sequencing showed that Hp+KRAS+ mice had a large population of metaplastic pit cells that expressed the intestinal mucin Muc4 and the growth factor amphiregulin. Flow cytometry and IHC-based immune profiling revealed that metaplastic pit cells were associated with macrophage and T-cell inflammation. Accordingly, expansion of metaplastic pit cells was prevented by gastric immunosuppression and reversed by antibiotic eradication of Hp. Finally, MUC4 expression was significantly associated with proliferation in human gastric cancer samples. These studies identify an Hp-associated metaplastic pit cell lineage, also found in human gastric cancer tissues, whose expansion is driven by Hp-dependent inflammation. Significance Using a mouse model, we have delineated metaplastic pit cells as a precancerous cell type whose expansion requires Hp-driven inflammation. In humans, metaplastic pit cells show enhanced proliferation as well as enrichment in precancer and early cancer tissues, highlighting an early step in the gastric metaplasia to cancer cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie P. O'Brien
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yuqi Kang
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Meera K. Shenoy
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Greg Finak
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - William C. Young
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lisa Koch
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Jeffery Williams
- Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth Donato
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Cecilia C.S. Yeung
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - William M. Grady
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Meghan A. Koch
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nina R. Salama
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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13
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Takada H, Sasagawa Y, Yoshimura M, Tanaka K, Iwayama Y, Hayashi T, Isomura-Matoba A, Nikaido I, Kurisaki A. Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers EGFR signaling-mediated gastric progenitor cell differentiation in stomach homeostasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3750. [PMID: 37386010 PMCID: PMC10310803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in gastric progenitor cell differentiation are associated with various gastric disorders, including atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the multilineage differentiation of gastric progenitor cells during healthy homeostasis remain poorly understood. Here, using a single-cell RNA sequencing method, Quartz-Seq2, we analyzed the gene expression dynamics of progenitor cell differentiation toward pit cell, neck cell, and parietal cell lineages in healthy adult mouse corpus tissues. Enrichment analysis of pseudotime-dependent genes and a gastric organoid assay revealed that EGFR-ERK signaling promotes pit cell differentiation, whereas NF-κB signaling maintains gastric progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of EGFR in vivo resulted in a decreased number of pit cells. Although activation of EGFR signaling in gastric progenitor cells has been suggested as one of the major inducers of gastric cancers, our findings unexpectedly identified that EGFR signaling exerts a differentiation-promoting function, not a mitogenic function, in normal gastric homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Takada
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Technologies, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Yohei Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Yoshimura
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iwayama
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ayako Isomura-Matoba
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Itoshi Nikaido
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Master's/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation (Bioinformatics), Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Akira Kurisaki
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Technologies, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, Japan.
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14
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Li ML, Hong XX, Zhang WJ, Liang YZ, Cai TT, Xu YF, Pan HF, Kang JY, Guo SJ, Li HW. Helicobacter pylori plays a key role in gastric adenocarcinoma induced by spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3714-3724. [PMID: 37383139 PMCID: PMC10294147 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i16.3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori), a group 1 human gastric carcinogen, is significantly associated with chronic gastritis, gastric mucosal atrophy, and gastric cancer. Approximately 20% of patients infected with H. pylori develop precancerous lesions, among which metaplasia is the most critical. Except for intestinal metaplasia (IM), which is characterized by goblet cells appearing in the stomach glands, one type of mucous cell metaplasia, spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM), has attracted much attention. Epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest that SPEM may be more strongly linked to gastric adenocarcinoma than IM. SPEM, characterized by abnormal expression of trefoil factor 2, mucin 6, and Griffonia simplicifolia lectin II in the deep glands of the stomach, is caused by acute injury or inflammation. Although it is generally believed that the loss of parietal cells alone is a sufficient and direct cause of SPEM, further in-depth studies have revealed the critical role of immunosignals. There is controversy regarding whether SPEM cells originate from the transdifferentiation of mature chief cells or professional progenitors. SPEM plays a functional role in the repair of gastric epithelial injury. However, chronic inflammation and immune responses caused by H. pylori infection can induce further progression of SPEM to IM, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma. SPEM cells upregulate the expression of whey acidic protein 4-disulfide core domain protein 2 and CD44 variant 9, which recruit M2 macrophages to the wound. Studies have revealed that interleukin-33, the most significantly upregulated cytokine in macrophages, promotes SPEM toward more advanced metaplasia. Overall, more effort is needed to reveal the specific mechanism of SPEM malignant progression driven by H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian-Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Jian Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tian-Tian Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Fei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua-Feng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shao-Ju Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai-Wen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong Province, China
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15
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Willet SG, Thanintorn N, McNeill H, Huh SH, Ornitz DM, Huh WJ, Hoft SG, DiPaolo RJ, Mills JC. SOX9 Governs Gastric Mucous Neck Cell Identity and Is Required for Injury-Induced Metaplasia. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:325-339. [PMID: 37270061 PMCID: PMC10444955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acute and chronic gastric injury induces alterations in differentiation within the corpus of the stomach called pyloric metaplasia. Pyloric metaplasia is characterized by the death of parietal cells and reprogramming of mitotically quiescent zymogenic chief cells into proliferative, mucin-rich spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) cells. Overall, pyloric metaplastic units show increased proliferation and specific expansion of mucous lineages, both by proliferation of normal mucous neck cells and recruitment of SPEM cells. Here, we identify Sox9 as a potential gene of interest in the regulation of mucous neck and SPEM cell identity in the stomach. METHODS We used immunostaining and electron microscopy to characterize the expression pattern of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) during murine gastric development, homeostasis, and injury in homeostasis, after genetic deletion of Sox9 and after targeted genetic misexpression of Sox9 in the gastric epithelium and chief cells. RESULTS SOX9 is expressed in all early gastric progenitors and strongly expressed in mature mucous neck cells with minor expression in the other principal gastric lineages during adult homeostasis. After injury, strong SOX9 expression was induced in the neck and base of corpus units in SPEM cells. Adult corpus units derived from Sox9-deficient gastric progenitors lacked normal mucous neck cells. Misexpression of Sox9 during postnatal development and adult homeostasis expanded mucous gene expression throughout corpus units including within the chief cell zone in the base. Sox9 deletion specifically in chief cells blunts their reprogramming into SPEM. CONCLUSIONS Sox9 is a master regulator of mucous neck cell differentiation during gastric development. Sox9 also is required for chief cells to fully reprogram into SPEM after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer G Willet
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Nattapon Thanintorn
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Helen McNeill
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sung-Ho Huh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Won Jae Huh
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Stella G Hoft
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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16
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Chen Q, Weng K, Lin M, Jiang M, Fang Y, Chung SSW, Huang X, Zhong Q, Liu Z, Huang Z, Lin J, Li P, El-Rifai W, Zaika A, Li H, Rustgi AK, Nakagawa H, Abrams JA, Wang TC, Lu C, Huang C, Que J. SOX9 Modulates the Transformation of Gastric Stem Cells Through Biased Symmetric Cell Division. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:1119-1136.e12. [PMID: 36740200 PMCID: PMC10200757 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transformation of stem/progenitor cells has been associated with tumorigenesis in multiple tissues, but stem cells in the stomach have been hard to localize. We therefore aimed to use a combination of several markers to better target oncogenes to gastric stem cells and understand their behavior in the initial stages of gastric tumorigenesis. METHODS Mouse models of gastric metaplasia and cancer by targeting stem/progenitor cells were generated and analyzed with techniques including reanalysis of single-cell RNA sequencing and immunostaining. Gastric cancer cell organoids were genetically manipulated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) for functional studies. Cell division was determined by bromodeoxyuridine-chasing assay and the assessment of the orientation of the mitotic spindles. Gastric tissues from patients were examined by histopathology and immunostaining. RESULTS Oncogenic insults lead to expansion of SOX9+ progenitor cells in the mouse stomach. Genetic lineage tracing and organoid culture studies show that SOX9+ gastric epithelial cells overlap with SOX2+ progenitors and include stem cells that can self-renew and differentiate to generate all gastric epithelial cells. Moreover, oncogenic targeting of SOX9+SOX2+ cells leads to invasive gastric cancer in our novel mouse model (Sox2-CreERT;Sox9-loxp(66)-rtTA-T2A-Flpo-IRES-loxp(71);Kras(Frt-STOP-Frt-G12D);P53R172H), which combines Cre-loxp and Flippase-Frt genetic recombination systems. Sox9 deletion impedes the expansion of gastric progenitor cells and blocks neoplasia after Kras activation. Although Sox9 is not required for maintaining tissue homeostasis where asymmetric division predominates, loss of Sox9 in the setting of Kras activation leads to reduced symmetric cell division and effectively attenuates the Kras-dependent expansion of stem/progenitor cells. Similarly, Sox9 deletion in gastric cancer organoids reduces symmetric cell division, organoid number, and organoid size. In patients with gastric cancer, high levels of SOX9 are associated with recurrence and poor prognosis. CONCLUSION SOX9 marks gastric stem cells and modulates biased symmetric cell division, which appears to be required for the malignant transformation of gastric stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kai Weng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ming Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinshan Fang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sanny S W Chung
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhong
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zening Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
| | - Alexander Zaika
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Julian A Abrams
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Changming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianwen Que
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
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17
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Deng G, Zhang X, Chen Y, Liang S, Liu S, Yu Z, Lü M. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals heterogeneity of gastric cancer: progress and prospects. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1074268. [PMID: 37305583 PMCID: PMC10249727 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1074268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most serious malignant tumor and threatens the health of people worldwide. Its heterogeneity leaves many clinical problems unsolved. To treat it effectively, we need to explore its heterogeneity. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing, or single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), reveals the complex biological composition and molecular characteristics of gastric cancer at the level of individual cells, which provides a new perspective for understanding the heterogeneity of gastric cancer. In this review, we first introduce the current procedure of scRNA-seq, and discuss the advantages and limitations of scRNA-seq. We then elaborate on the research carried out with scRNA-seq in gastric cancer in recent years, and describe how it reveals cell heterogeneity, the tumor microenvironment, oncogenesis and metastasis, as well as drug response in to gastric cancer, to facilitate early diagnosis, individualized therapy, and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohua Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonglan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sicheng Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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18
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Liu M, Liu Q, Zou Q, Li J, Chu Z, Xiang J, Chen WQ, Miao ZF, Wang B. The composition and roles of gastric stem cells in epithelial homeostasis, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00802-z. [PMID: 37010700 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial lining of the stomach undergoes rapid turnover to preserve its structural and functional integrity, a process driven by long-lived stem cells residing in the antral and corpus glands. Several subpopulations of gastric stem cells have been identified and their phenotypic and functional diversities linked to spatiotemporal specification of stem cells niches. Here, we review the biological features of gastric stem cells at various locations of the stomach under homeostatic conditions, as demonstrated by reporter mice, lineage tracing, and single cell sequencing. We also review the role of gastric stem cells in epithelial regeneration in response to injury. Moreover, we discuss emerging evidence demonstrating that accumulation of oncogenic drivers or alteration of stemness signaling pathways in gastric stem cells promotes gastric cancer. Given a fundamental role of the microenvironment, this review highlights the role reprogramming of niche components and signaling pathways under pathological conditions in dictating stem cell fate. Several outstanding issues are raised, such as the relevance of stem cell heterogeneity and plasticity, and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, to Helicobacter pylori infection-initiated metaplasia-carcinogenesis cascades. With the development of spatiotemporal genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, as well as multiplexed screening and tracing approaches, we anticipate that more precise definition and characterization of gastric stem cells, and the crosstalk with their niche will be delineated in the near future. Rational exploitation and proper translation of these findings may bring forward novel modalities for epithelial rejuvenation and cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Zhaole Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Miao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China.
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, P. R. China.
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19
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Liu S, Deng Z, Zhu J, Ma Z, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. Gastric immune homeostasis imbalance: An important factor in the development of gastric mucosal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114338. [PMID: 36905807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastric mucosal immune system is a unique immune organ independent of systemic immunity that not only maintains nutrient absorption but also plays a role in resisting the external environment. Gastric mucosal immune disorder leads to a series of gastric mucosal diseases, including autoimmune gastritis (AIG)-related diseases, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced diseases, and various types of gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, understanding the role of gastric mucosal immune homeostasis in gastric mucosal protection and the relationship between mucosal immunity and gastric mucosal diseases is very important. This review focuses on the protective effect of gastric mucosal immune homeostasis on the gastric mucosa, as well as multiple gastric mucosal diseases caused by gastric immune disorders. We hope to offer new prospects for the prevention and treatment of gastric mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zilin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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20
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Huebner AJ, Gorelov RA, Deviatiiarov R, Demharter S, Kull T, Walsh RM, Taylor MS, Steiger S, Mullen JT, Kharchenko PV, Hochedlinger K. Dissection of gastric homeostasis in vivo facilitates permanent capture of isthmus-like stem cells in vitro. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:390-403. [PMID: 36717627 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The glandular stomach is composed of two regenerative compartments termed corpus and antrum, and our understanding of the transcriptional networks that maintain these tissues is incomplete. Here we show that cell types with equivalent functional roles in the corpus and antrum share similar transcriptional states including the poorly characterized stem cells of the isthmus region. To further study the isthmus, we developed a monolayer two-dimensional (2D) culture system that is continually maintained by Wnt-responsive isthmus-like cells capable of differentiating into several gastric cell types. Importantly, 2D cultures can be converted into conventional three-dimensional organoids, modelling the plasticity of gastric epithelial cells in vivo. Finally, we utilized the 2D culture system to show that Sox2 is both necessary and sufficient to generate enterochromaffin cells. Together, our data provide important insights into gastric homeostasis, establish a tractable culture system to capture isthmus cells and uncover a role for Sox2 in enterochromaffin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Huebner
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Gorelov
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan Deviatiiarov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Feberal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Samuel Demharter
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tobias Kull
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan M Walsh
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marty S Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Steiger
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John T Mullen
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter V Kharchenko
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- San Diego Institute, Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Konrad Hochedlinger
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Molecular Biology, Boston, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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21
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Zhang X, Wang YC, Liu CJ. Application of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:48-55. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer death. With the development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology, the research on GC has gradually developed from the histopathological level to the transcriptional level. In this paper, we discuss the principle of scRNA-seq technology and its application in GC research, including the transcriptional characteristics and origin of GC precancerous lesions, intratumor heterogeneity of primary tumors, tumor microenvironment, and metastatic dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China,Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yan-Chun Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chun-Jie Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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22
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Liu L, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang F, Wang P, Tang X. Global knowledge mapping and emerging trends in research between spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia and gastric carcinogenesis: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1108378. [PMID: 36776551 PMCID: PMC9912936 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1108378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spasmolytic polypeptide expression metaplasia (SPEM) occurs in the corpus of the stomach and is closely related to inflammations caused by H. pylori infection. Recently, SPEM was suggested as one of the dubious precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (GC). Thus, further research on SPEM cell transdifferentiation and its underlying mechanisms could facilitate the development of new molecular targets improving the therapeutics of GC. Using bibliometrics, we analyzed publications, summarized the research hotspots and provided references for scientific researchers engaged in related research fields. Methods We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for publications related to SPEM-GC from 2002 to 2022. The VOSviewer, SCImago, CiteSpace and R software were used to visualize and analyze the data. Gene targets identified in the keyword list were analyzed for functional enrichment using the KEGG and GO databases. Results Of the 292 articles identified in the initial search, we observed a stable trend in SPEM-GC research but rapid growth in the number of citations. The United States was the leader in terms of quality publications and international cooperation among them. The total number of articles published by Chinese scholars was second to the United States. Additionally, despite its low centrality and average citation frequency, China has become one of the world's most dynamic countries in academics. In terms of productivity, Vanderbilt University was identified as the most productive institution. Further, we also observed that Gastroenterology was the highest co-cited journal, and Goldenring Jr. was the most prolific author with the largest centrality. Conclusion SPEM could serve as an initial step in diagnosing gastric precancerous lesions. Current hotspots and frontiers of research include SPEM cell lineage differentiation, interaction with H. pylori, disturbances of the mucosal microenvironment, biomarkers, clinical diagnosis and outcomes of SPEM, as well as the development of proliferative SPEM animal models. However, further research and collaboration are still required. The findings presented in this study can be used as reference for the research status of SPEM-GC and determine new directions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Zhao
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xudong Tang,
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23
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Das KK, Brown JW. 3'-sulfated Lewis A/C: An oncofetal epitope associated with metaplastic and oncogenic plasticity of the gastrointestinal foregut. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1089028. [PMID: 36866273 PMCID: PMC9971977 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1089028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metaplasia, dysplasia, and cancer arise from normal epithelia via a plastic cellular transformation, typically in the setting of chronic inflammation. Such transformations are the focus of numerous studies that strive to identify the changes in RNA/Protein expression that drive such plasticity along with the contributions from the mesenchyme and immune cells. However, despite being widely utilized clinically as biomarkers for such transitions, the role of glycosylation epitopes is understudied in this context. Here, we explore 3'-Sulfo-Lewis A/C, a clinically validated biomarker for high-risk metaplasia and cancer throughout the gastrointestinal foregut: esophagus, stomach, and pancreas. We discuss the clinical correlation of sulfomucin expression with metaplastic and oncogenic transformation, as well as its synthesis, intracellular and extracellular receptors and suggest potential roles for 3'-Sulfo-Lewis A/C in contributing to and maintaining these malignant cellular transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik K Das
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jeffrey W Brown
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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24
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Adkins-Threats M, Mills JC. Cell plasticity in regeneration in the stomach and beyond. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2022; 75:101948. [PMID: 35809361 PMCID: PMC10378711 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2022.101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies using cell lineage-tracing techniques, organoids, and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses have revealed: 1) adult organs use cell plasticity programs to recruit progenitor cells to regenerate tissues after injury, and 2) plasticity is far more common than previously thought, even in homeostasis. Here, we focus on the complex interplay of normal stem cell differentiation and plasticity in homeostasis and after injury, using the gastric epithelium as a touchstone. We also examine common features of regenerative programs and discuss the evolutionarily conserved, stepwise process of paligenosis which reprograms mature cells into progenitors that can repair damaged tissue. Finally, we discuss how conserved plasticity programs may help us better understand pathological processes like metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahliyah Adkins-Threats
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, USA. https://twitter.com/@madkinsthreats
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, USA.
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25
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Hoft SG, Pherson MD, DiPaolo RJ. Discovering Immune-Mediated Mechanisms of Gastric Carcinogenesis Through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902017. [PMID: 35757757 PMCID: PMC9231461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) technology is still relatively new in the field of gastric cancer immunology but gaining significant traction. This technology now provides unprecedented insights into the intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneities at the immunological, cellular, and molecular levels. Within the last few years, a volume of publications reported the usefulness of scRNAseq technology in identifying thus far elusive immunological mechanisms that may promote and impede gastric cancer development. These studies analyzed datasets generated from primary human gastric cancer tissues, metastatic ascites fluid from gastric cancer patients, and laboratory-generated data from in vitro and in vivo models of gastric diseases. In this review, we overview the exciting findings from scRNAseq datasets that uncovered the role of critical immune cells, including T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, mast cells, ILC2s, and other inflammatory stromal cells, like fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In addition, we also provide a synopsis of the initial scRNAseq findings on the interesting epithelial cell responses to inflammation. In summary, these new studies have implicated roles for T and B cells and subsets like NKT cells in tumor development and progression. The current studies identified diverse subsets of macrophages and mast cells in the tumor microenvironment, however, additional studies to determine their roles in promoting cancer growth are needed. Some groups specifically focus on the less prevalent ILC2 cell type that may contribute to early cancer development. ScRNAseq analysis also reveals that stromal cells, e.g., fibroblasts and endothelial cells, regulate inflammation and promote metastasis, making them key targets for future investigations. While evaluating the outcomes, we also highlight the gaps in the current findings and provide an assessment of what this technology holds for gastric cancer research in the coming years. With scRNAseq technology expanding rapidly, we stress the need for periodic review of the findings and assess the available scRNAseq analytical tools to guide future work on immunological mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella G Hoft
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Michelle D Pherson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Genomics Core Facility, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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26
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Xie Z, Li J, Huang P, Zhang Y, Yang J, Liu K, Jiang Y. Applications and Achievements of Single-Cell Sequencing in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:905571. [PMID: 35785171 PMCID: PMC9245065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.905571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer represents a public health concern that seriously endangers human health. The emerging single-cell sequencing (SCS) technologies are different from the large-scale sequencing technologies which provide inaccurate data. SCS is a powerful tool for deciphering the single-cell resolutions of cellular and molecular landscapes, revealing the features of single-cell genomes, transcriptomes, and epigenomes. Recently, SCS has been applied in the field of gastrointestinal cancer research for clarifying the origin and heterogeneity of gastrointestinal cancer, acquiring micro-environmental information, and improving diagnostic and treatment methods. This review outlines the applications of SCS in gastrointestinal cancer research and summarizes the most recent advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenliang Xie
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pu Huang
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingkuan Yang
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China
- Basic Medicine Sciences Research Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanan Jiang, ; Kangdong Liu,
| | - Yanan Jiang
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanan Jiang, ; Kangdong Liu,
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27
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He J, Hu W, Ouyang Q, Zhang S, He L, Chen W, Li X, Hu C. Helicobacter pylori infection induces stem cell-like properties in Correa cascade of gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 542:215764. [PMID: 35654291 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Its poor prognosis is attributed to unclear pathogenesis. Currently, the most widely accepted model for elucidating the mechanism of GC is the Correa cascade, which covers several histological lesions of the gastric mucosa. GC stem cells (CSCs) are crucial for oncogenesis in the Correa cascade and GC progression. As Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the etiological factor in the Correa cascade, growing evidence suggests that enhancement of gastric stem cell-like properties and increase in CSCs correlate with H. pylori infection. In this paper, we review recent studies that present pathogenic mechanisms by which H. pylori induces gastric stem cell-like properties and CSCs, which may supplement the existing Correa model of GC. First, the dysfunction of developmental signaling pathways associated with H. pylori infection leads to the enhancement of gastric stemness. Second, H. pylori infection promotes alteration of the gastric mucosal microenvironment. In addition, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may contribute to H. pylori-induced gastric stemness. Taken together, understanding these pathogeneses will provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of CSCs and malignant GC in H. pylori induced-Correa cascade of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunJian He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - WeiChao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - ShengWei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - LiJiao He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - WeiYan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - XinZhe Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - ChangJiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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28
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Lee JH, Kim S, Han S, Min J, Caldwell B, Bamford AD, Rocha ASB, Park J, Lee S, Wu SHS, Lee H, Fink J, Pilat-Carotta S, Kim J, Josserand M, Szep-Bakonyi R, An Y, Ju YS, Philpott A, Simons BD, Stange DE, Choi E, Koo BK, Kim JK. p57 Kip2 imposes the reserve stem cell state of gastric chief cells. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:826-839.e9. [PMID: 35523142 PMCID: PMC9097776 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells constantly react to local changes to ensure tissue homeostasis. In the main body of the stomach, chief cells produce digestive enzymes; however, upon injury, they undergo rapid proliferation for prompt tissue regeneration. Here, we identified p57Kip2 (p57) as a molecular switch for the reserve stem cell state of chief cells in mice. During homeostasis, p57 is constantly expressed in chief cells but rapidly diminishes after injury, followed by robust proliferation. Both single-cell RNA sequencing and dox-induced lineage tracing confirmed the sequential loss of p57 and activation of proliferation within the chief cell lineage. In corpus organoids, p57 overexpression induced a long-term reserve stem cell state, accompanied by altered niche requirements and a mature chief cell/secretory phenotype. Following the constitutive expression of p57 in vivo, chief cells showed an impaired injury response. Thus, p57 is a gatekeeper that imposes the reserve stem cell state of chief cells in homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Somi Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Han
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Jimin Min
- Department of Surgery and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brianna Caldwell
- Department of Surgery and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Aileen-Diane Bamford
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Andreia Sofia Batista Rocha
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - JinYoung Park
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Sieun Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Szu-Hsien Sam Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Heetak Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Juergen Fink
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Sandra Pilat-Carotta
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria; Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Manon Josserand
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Réka Szep-Bakonyi
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Yohan An
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Philpott
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Benjamin D Simons
- Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
| | - Daniel E Stange
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eunyoung Choi
- Department of Surgery and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, 1030, Austria; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, 55, Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Abstract
Complex multicellular organisms have evolved specific mechanisms to replenish cells in homeostasis and during repair. Here, we discuss how emerging technologies (e.g., single-cell RNA sequencing) challenge the concept that tissue renewal is fueled by unidirectional differentiation from a resident stem cell. We now understand that cell plasticity, i.e., cells adaptively changing differentiation state or identity, is a central tissue renewal mechanism. For example, mature cells can access an evolutionarily conserved program (paligenosis) to reenter the cell cycle and regenerate damaged tissue. Most tissues lack dedicated stem cells and rely on plasticity to regenerate lost cells. Plasticity benefits multicellular organisms, yet it also carries risks. For one, when long-lived cells undergo paligenotic, cyclical proliferation and redif-ferentiation, they can accumulate and propagate acquired mutations that activate oncogenes and increase the potential for developing cancer. Lastly, we propose a new framework for classifying patterns of cell proliferation in homeostasis and regeneration, with stem cells representing just one of the diverse methods that adult tissues employ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Brown
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Charles J. Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,Current affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason C. Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,Current affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA,Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,Current affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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30
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Goldenring JR, Mills JC. Cellular Plasticity, Reprogramming, and Regeneration: Metaplasia in the Stomach and Beyond. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:415-430. [PMID: 34728185 PMCID: PMC8792220 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The mucosa of the body of the stomach (ie, the gastric corpus) uses 2 overlapping, depth-dependent mechanisms to respond to injury. Superficial injury heals via surface cells with histopathologic changes like foveolar hyperplasia. Deeper, usually chronic, injury/inflammation, most frequently induced by the carcinogenic bacteria Helicobacter pylori, elicits glandular histopathologic alterations, initially manifesting as pyloric (also known as pseudopyloric) metaplasia. In this pyloric metaplasia, corpus glands become antrum (pylorus)-like with loss of acid-secreting parietal cells (atrophic gastritis), expansion of foveolar cells, and reprogramming of digestive enzyme-secreting chief cells into deep antral gland-like mucous cells. After acute parietal cell loss, chief cells can reprogram through an orderly stepwise progression (paligenosis) initiated by interleukin-13-secreting innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). First, massive lysosomal activation helps mitigate reactive oxygen species and remove damaged organelles. Second, mucus and wound-healing proteins (eg, TFF2) and other transcriptional alterations are induced, at which point the reprogrammed chief cells are recognized as mucus-secreting spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia cells. In chronic severe injury, glands with pyloric metaplasia can harbor both actively proliferating spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia cells and eventually intestine-like cells. Gastric glands with such lineage confusion (mixed incomplete intestinal metaplasia and proliferative spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia) may be at particular risk for progression to dysplasia and cancer. A pyloric-like pattern of metaplasia after injury also occurs in other gastrointestinal organs including esophagus, pancreas, and intestines, and the paligenosis program itself seems broadly conserved across tissues and species. Here we discuss aspects of metaplasia in stomach, incorporating data derived from animal models and work on human cells and tissues in correlation with diagnostic and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Goldenring
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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31
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Ma Z, Lytle NK, Chen B, Jyotsana N, Novak SW, Cho CJ, Caplan L, Ben-Levy O, Neininger AC, Burnette DT, Trinh VQ, Tan MCB, Patterson EA, Arrojo E Drigo R, Giraddi RR, Ramos C, Means AL, Matsumoto I, Manor U, Mills JC, Goldenring JR, Lau KS, Wahl GM, DelGiorno KE. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals a Conserved Metaplasia Program in Pancreatic Injury. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:604-620.e20. [PMID: 34695382 PMCID: PMC8792222 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM) occurs in the pancreas in response to tissue injury and is a potential precursor for adenocarcinoma. The goal of these studies was to define the populations arising from ADM, the associated transcriptional changes, and markers of disease progression. METHODS Acinar cells were lineage-traced with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) to follow their fate post-injury. Transcripts of more than 13,000 EYFP+ cells were determined using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Developmental trajectories were generated. Data were compared with gastric metaplasia, KrasG12D-induced neoplasia, and human pancreatitis. Results were confirmed by immunostaining and electron microscopy. KrasG12D was expressed in injury-induced ADM using several inducible Cre drivers. Surgical specimens of chronic pancreatitis from 15 patients were evaluated by immunostaining. RESULTS scRNA-seq of ADM revealed emergence of a mucin/ductal population resembling gastric pyloric metaplasia. Lineage trajectories suggest that some pyloric metaplasia cells can generate tuft and enteroendocrine cells (EECs). Comparison with KrasG12D-induced ADM identifies populations associated with disease progression. Activation of KrasG12D expression in HNF1B+ or POU2F3+ ADM populations leads to neoplastic transformation and formation of MUC5AC+ gastric-pit-like cells. Human pancreatitis samples also harbor pyloric metaplasia with a similar transcriptional phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of chronic injury, acinar cells undergo a pyloric-type metaplasia to mucinous progenitor-like populations, which seed disparate tuft cell and EEC lineages. ADM-derived EEC subtypes are diverse. KrasG12D expression is sufficient to drive neoplasia when targeted to injury-induced ADM populations and offers an alternative origin for tumorigenesis. This program is conserved in human pancreatitis, providing insight into early events in pancreas diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Ma
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Nikki K Lytle
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Bob Chen
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nidhi Jyotsana
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sammy Weiser Novak
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Charles J Cho
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Leah Caplan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivia Ben-Levy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abigail C Neininger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dylan T Burnette
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vincent Q Trinh
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Marcus C B Tan
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Emilee A Patterson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rafael Arrojo E Drigo
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Cynthia Ramos
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Anna L Means
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James R Goldenring
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Kathleen E DelGiorno
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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Kim J, Park C, Kim KH, Kim EH, Kim H, Woo JK, Seong JK, Nam KT, Lee YC, Cho SY. Single-cell analysis of gastric pre-cancerous and cancer lesions reveals cell lineage diversity and intratumoral heterogeneity. NPJ Precis Oncol 2022; 6:9. [PMID: 35087207 PMCID: PMC8795238 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptomic profiles analysis has proposed new insights for understanding the behavior of human gastric cancer (GC). GC offers a unique model of intratumoral heterogeneity. However, the specific classes of cells involved in carcinogenetic passage, and the tumor microenvironment of stromal cells was poorly understood. We characterized the heterogeneous cell population of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer at the single-cell resolution by RNA sequencing. We identified 10 gastric cell subtypes and showed the intestinal and diffuse-type cancer were characterized by different cell population. We found that the intestinal and diffuse-type cancer cells have the differential metaplastic cell lineages: intestinal-type cancer cells differentiated along the intestinal metaplasia lineage while diffuse-type cancer cells resemble de novo pathway. We observed an enriched CCND1 mutation in premalignant disease state and discovered cancer-associated fibroblast cells harboring pro-stemness properties. In particular, tumor cells could be categorized into previously proposed molecular subtypes and harbored specific subtype of malignant cell with high expression level of epithelial-myofibroblast transition which was correlated with poor clinical prognosis. In addition to intratumoral heterogeneity, the analysis revealed different cellular lineages were responsible for potential carcinogenetic pathways. Single-cell transcriptomes analysis of gastric pre-cancerous lesions and cancer may provide insights for understanding GC cell behavior, suggesting potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Charny Park
- National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang H Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kyu Woo
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute of Veterinary Science, BK21 Program Plus for Advanced Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, Program for Cancer Biology and BIO-MAX institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Chan Lee
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Young Cho
- National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Chen WQ, Tian FL, Zhang JW, Yang XJ, Li YP. Preventive and inhibitive effects of Yiwei Xiaoyu granules on the development and progression of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia lesions. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1741-1754. [PMID: 34853647 PMCID: PMC8603444 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i11.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) is a potential preneoplastic lesion.
AIM To elucidate the microRNA (miR)-7-mediated preventive and inhibitive effects of Yiwei Xiaoyu granules (YWXY) in SPEM lesions.
METHODS Gastric mucosa biopsies were collected from chronic atrophic gastritis patients and healthy people with signed informed consent. YWXY was administered to the mice with induced SPEM by tamoxifen, and the gastric mucosa was harvested on the tenth day of the experiment. Then immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to validate the SPEM, lesions and the potential mechanism was investigated. RNA transcripts were detected with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS The expression of miR-7 was downregulated in the SPEM lesions, and expression of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) and clusterin was high in the human gastric mucosa. In vivo experiments showed that YWXY could inhibit the cell proliferation in the tamoxifen-induced SPEM lesions by regulating Ki67. Simultaneously, YWXY could restore the expression of miR-7 by regulating TFF2 by detection with immunofluorescence but not with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, indicating its potential mechanism of targeting miR-7 by mediating TFF2. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-β and gastric intrinsic factor was restored within 3 d of YWXY administration for the SPEM lesions, speculating that the possible mechanism of YWXY is to inhibit the development and progression of SPEM by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor-β and gastric intrinsic factor.
CONCLUSION miR-7 downregulation is an early event in SPEM through regulation of TFF2 in human gastric mucosa. YWXY is able to inhibit the cell proliferation and restore the expression of miR-7 by mediating TFF2 in the SPEM mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Feng-Liang Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400000, China
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Hagen SJ. Mucosal defense: gastroduodenal injury and repair mechanisms. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2021; 37:609-614. [PMID: 34475337 PMCID: PMC8511296 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The mucosal barrier serves as a primary interface between the environment and host. In daily life, superficial injury to the gastric or duodenal mucosa occurs regularly but heals rapidly by a process called 'restitution'. Persistent injury to the gastroduodenal mucosa also occurs but initiates a regenerative lesion with specific wound healing mechanisms that attempt to repair barrier function. If not healed, these lesions can be the site of neoplasia development in a chronic inflammatory setting. This review summarizes the past year of advances in understanding mucosal repair in the gastroduodenal mucosa, which occurs as a defense mechanism against injury. RECENT FINDINGS Organoids are an emerging new tool that allows for the correlation of in vivo and in vitro models; organoids represent an important reductionist model to probe specific aspects of injury and repair mechanisms that are limited to epithelial cells. Additionally, proof-of-concept studies show that machine learning algorithms may ultimately assist with identifying novel, targetable pathways to pursue in therapeutic interventions. Gut-on-chip technology and single cell RNA-sequencing contributed to new understanding of gastroduodenal regenerative lesions after injury by identifying networks and interactions that are involved in the repair process. SUMMARY Recent updates provide new possibilities for identifying novel molecular targets for the treatment of acute and superficial mucosal injury, mucosal regeneration, and regenerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Hagen
- Department of Surgery
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
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Noto CN, Hoft SG, Bockerstett KA, Jackson NM, Ford EL, Vest LS, DiPaolo RJ. IL13 Acts Directly on Gastric Epithelial Cells to Promote Metaplasia Development During Chronic Gastritis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:623-642. [PMID: 34587523 PMCID: PMC8715193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It is well established that chronic inflammation promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplasia, but little is known regarding the mechanisms by which immune cells and cytokines regulate metaplastic cellular changes. The goals of this study were to identify interleukin 13 (IL13)-producing immune cells, determine the gastric epithelial cell response(s) to IL13, and establish the role(s) of IL13 in metaplasia development. METHODS Experiments used an established mouse model of autoimmune gastritis (TxA23), TxA23×Il4ra-/- mice, which develop gastritis but do not express the IL4/IL13-receptor subunit IL4Rα, and TxA23×Il13-Yfp mice, which express yellow fluorescent protein in IL13-producing cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure IL13 secretion and identify IL13-producing immune cells. Mouse and human gastric organoids were cultured with IL13 to determine epithelial cell response(s) to IL13. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on gastric epithelial cells from healthy and inflamed mouse stomachs. Mice with gastritis were administered IL13-neutralizing antibodies and stomachs were analyzed by histopathology and immunofluorescence. RESULTS We identified 6 unique subsets of IL13-producing immune cells in the inflamed stomach. Organoid cultures showed that IL13 acts directly on gastric epithelium to induce a metaplastic phenotype. IL4Rα-deficient mice did not progress to metaplasia. Single-cell RNA sequencing determined that gastric epithelial cells from IL4Rα-deficient mice up-regulated inflammatory genes but failed to up-regulate metaplasia-associated transcripts. Neutralization of IL13 significantly reduced and reversed metaplasia development in mice with gastritis. CONCLUSIONS IL13 is made by a variety of immune cell subsets during chronic gastritis and promotes gastric cancer-associated metaplastic epithelial cell changes. Neutralization of IL13 reduces metaplasia severity during chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stella G Hoft
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kevin A Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nicholas M Jackson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric L Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Luke S Vest
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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36
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Hayakawa Y, Nakagawa H, Rustgi AK, Que J, Wang TC. Stem cells and origins of cancer in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1343-1361. [PMID: 34129814 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The esophagus and stomach, joined by a unique transitional zone, contain actively dividing epithelial stem cells required for organ homeostasis. Upon prolonged inflammation, epithelial cells in both organs can undergo a cell fate switch leading to intestinal metaplasia, predisposing to malignancy. Here we discuss the biology of gastroesophageal stem cells and their role as cells of origin in cancer. We summarize the interactions between the stromal niche and gastroesophageal stem cells in metaplasia and early expansion of mutated stem-cell-derived clones during carcinogenesis. Finally, we review new approaches under development to better study gastroesophageal stem cells and advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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37
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Li K, Wu H, Wang A, Charron J, Mishina Y, Habib SL, Liu H, Li B. mTOR signaling regulates gastric epithelial progenitor homeostasis and gastric tumorigenesis via MEK1-ERKs and BMP-Smad1 pathways. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109069. [PMID: 33951440 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
mTOR, the sensor of nutrients and growth factors, has important roles in tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. However, how mTOR controls gastric epithelial cell turnover and gastric cancer development, a leading malignancy, remains poorly understood. Here, we provide genetic evidence that mTOR activation promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of Lgr5+ gastric epithelial progenitors (GEPs) in gastric homeostasis and tumorigenesis. mTOR signaling increases MEK1 and Smad1 expression and enhances activation of MEK1-ERKs and BMP-Smad1 pathways, respectively, in GEPs and gastric tumors. Mek1 deletion or inhibition rescues hyperproliferation, whereas Bmpr1a ablation or inhibition rescues differentiation defects of Tsc1-/- GEPs. Tsc1 deficiency in Lgr5+ GEPs accelerates gastric tumor initiation and development, which require MEK1-ERKs for hyperplasia and BMP-Smad1 for differentiation suppression. These findings reveal how mTOR signaling controls Lgr5+ GEP homeostasis and cancerization and suggest that ERKs and Smad1 signaling can be safely targeted to substitute mTOR inhibitors in gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongguang Wu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jean Charron
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer de l'Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 rue McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Samy L Habib
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Stem Cell Research, the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China.
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38
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Zhang M, Hu S, Min M, Ni Y, Lu Z, Sun X, Wu J, Liu B, Ying X, Liu Y. Dissecting transcriptional heterogeneity in primary gastric adenocarcinoma by single cell RNA sequencing. Gut 2021; 70:464-475. [PMID: 32532891 PMCID: PMC7873416 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumour heterogeneity represents a major obstacle to accurate diagnosis and treatment in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Here, we report a systematic transcriptional atlas to delineate molecular and cellular heterogeneity in GA using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). DESIGN We performed unbiased transcriptome-wide scRNA-seq analysis on 27 677 cells from 9 tumour and 3 non-tumour samples. Analysis results were validated using large-scale histological assays and bulk transcriptomic datasets. RESULTS Our integrative analysis of tumour cells identified five cell subgroups with distinct expression profiles. A panel of differentiation-related genes reveals a high diversity of differentiation degrees within and between tumours. Low differentiation degrees can predict poor prognosis in GA. Among them, three subgroups exhibited different differentiation grade which corresponded well to histopathological features of Lauren's subtypes. Interestingly, the other two subgroups displayed unique transcriptome features. One subgroup expressing chief-cell markers (eg, LIPF and PGC) and RNF43 with Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway activated is consistent with the previously described entity fundic gland-type GA (chief cell-predominant, GA-FG-CCP). We further confirmed the presence of GA-FG-CCP in two public bulk datasets using transcriptomic profiles and histological images. The other subgroup specifically expressed immune-related signature genes (eg, LY6K and major histocompatibility complex class II) with the infection of Epstein-Barr virus. In addition, we also analysed non-malignant epithelium and provided molecular evidences for potential transition from gastric chief cells into MUC6+TFF2+ spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia. CONCLUSION Altogether, our study offers valuable resource for deciphering gastric tumour heterogeneity, which will provide assistance for precision diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofeng Hu
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Min
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Ni
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of internal medicine, Beijing South Medical District of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China .,The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Ying
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China .,Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Bockerstett KA, Lewis SA, Noto CN, Ford EL, Saenz JB, Jackson NM, Ahn TH, Mills JC, DiPaolo RJ. Single-Cell Transcriptional Analyses Identify Lineage-Specific Epithelial Responses to Inflammation and Metaplastic Development in the Gastric Corpus. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:2116-2129.e4. [PMID: 32835664 PMCID: PMC7725914 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chronic atrophic gastritis can lead to gastric metaplasia and increase risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Metaplasia is a precancerous lesion associated with an increased risk for carcinogenesis, but the mechanism(s) by which inflammation induces metaplasia are poorly understood. We investigated transcriptional programs in mucous neck cells and chief cells as they progress to metaplasia mice with chronic gastritis. METHODS We analyzed previously generated single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of gastric corpus epithelium to define transcriptomes of individual epithelial cells from healthy BALB/c mice (controls) and TxA23 mice, which have chronically inflamed stomachs with metaplasia. Chronic gastritis was induced in B6 mice by Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastric tissues from mice and human patients were analyzed by immunofluorescence to verify findings at the protein level. Pseudotime trajectory analysis of scRNA-seq data was used to predict differentiation of normal gastric epithelium to metaplastic epithelium in chronically inflamed stomachs. RESULTS Analyses of gastric epithelial transcriptomes revealed that gastrokine 3 (Gkn3) mRNA is a specific marker of mouse gastric corpus metaplasia (spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia, SPEM). Gkn3 mRNA was undetectable in healthy gastric corpus; its expression in chronically inflamed stomachs (from TxA23 mice and mice with Helicobacter pylori infection) identified more metaplastic cells throughout the corpus than previously recognized. Staining of healthy and diseased human gastric tissue samples paralleled these results. Although mucous neck cells and chief cells from healthy stomachs each had distinct transcriptomes, in chronically inflamed stomachs, these cells had distinct transcription patterns that converged upon a pre-metaplastic pattern, which lacked the metaplasia-associated transcripts. Finally, pseudotime trajectory analysis confirmed the convergence of mucous neck cells and chief cells into a pre-metaplastic phenotype that ultimately progressed to metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS In analyses of tissues from chronically inflamed stomachs of mice and humans, we expanded the definition of gastric metaplasia to include Gkn3 mRNA and GKN3-positive cells in the corpus, allowing a more accurate assessment of SPEM. Under conditions of chronic inflammation, chief cells and mucous neck cells are plastic and converge into a pre-metaplastic cell type that progresses to metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott A. Lewis
- Program of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine N. Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric L. Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - José B. Saenz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas M. Jackson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tae-Hyuk Ahn
- Program of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason C. Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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40
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Sayols S, Klassek J, Werner C, Möckel S, Ritz S, Mendez-Lago M, Soshnikova N. Signalling codes for the maintenance and lineage commitment of embryonic gastric epithelial progenitors. Development 2020; 147:dev.188839. [PMID: 32878924 DOI: 10.1242/dev.188839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The identity of embryonic gastric epithelial progenitors is unknown. We used single-cell RNA-sequencing, genetic lineage tracing and organoid assays to assess whether Axin2- and Lgr5-expressing cells are gastric progenitors in the developing mouse stomach. We show that Axin2 + cells represent a transient population of embryonic epithelial cells in the forestomach. Lgr5 + cells generate both glandular corpus and squamous forestomach organoids ex vivo Only Lgr5 + progenitors give rise to zymogenic cells in culture. Modulating the activity of the WNT, BMP and Notch pathways in vivo and ex vivo, we found that WNTs are essential for the maintenance of Lgr5 + epithelial cells. Notch prevents differentiation of the embryonic epithelial cells along all secretory lineages and hence ensures their maintenance. Whereas WNTs promote differentiation of the embryonic progenitors along the zymogenic cell lineage, BMPs enhance their differentiation along the parietal lineage. In contrast, WNTs and BMPs are required to suppress differentiation of embryonic gastric epithelium along the pit cell lineage. Thus, coordinated action of the WNT, BMP and Notch pathways controls cell fate determination in the embryonic gastric epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Sayols
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Jakub Klassek
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Clara Werner
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Ritz
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | | | - Natalia Soshnikova
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
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41
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Bockerstett KA, Petersen CP, Noto CN, Kuehm LM, Wong CF, Ford EL, Teague RM, Mills JC, Goldenring JR, DiPaolo RJ. Interleukin 27 Protects From Gastric Atrophy and Metaplasia During Chronic Autoimmune Gastritis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 10:561-579. [PMID: 32376420 PMCID: PMC7399182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The association between chronic inflammation and gastric carcinogenesis is well established, but it is not clear how immune cells and cytokines regulate this process. We investigated the role of interleukin 27 (IL27) in the development of gastric atrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia (preneoplastic lesions associated with inflammation-induced gastric cancer) in mice with autoimmune gastritis. METHODS We performed studies with TxA23 mice (control mice), which express a T-cell receptor against the H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase α chain and develop autoimmune gastritis, and TxA23xEbi3-/- mice, which develop gastritis but do not express IL27. In some experiments, mice were given high-dose tamoxifen to induce parietal cell atrophy and spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM). Recombinant IL27 was administered to mice with mini osmotic pumps. Stomachs were collected and analyzed by histopathology and immunofluorescence; we used flow cytometry to measure IL27 and identify immune cells that secrete IL27 in the gastric mucosa. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on immune cells that infiltrated stomach tissues. RESULTS We identified IL27-secreting macrophages and dendritic cell in the corpus of mice with chronic gastritis (TxA23 mice). Mice deficient in IL27 developed more severe gastritis, atrophy, and SPEM than control mice. Administration of recombinant IL27 significantly reduced the severity of inflammation, atrophy, and SPEM in mice with gastritis. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that IL27 acted almost exclusively on stomach-infiltrating CD4+ T cells to suppress expression of inflammatory genes. CONCLUSIONS In studies of mice with autoimmune gastritis, we found that IL27 is an inhibitor of gastritis and SPEM, suppressing CD4+ T-cell-mediated inflammation in the gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Bockerstett
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Christine P Petersen
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christine N Noto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Lindsey M Kuehm
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Chun Fung Wong
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric L Ford
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan M Teague
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Jason C Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - James R Goldenring
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard J DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.
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42
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Hata M, Kinoshita H, Hayakawa Y, Konishi M, Tsuboi M, Oya Y, Kurokawa K, Hayata Y, Nakagawa H, Tateishi K, Fujiwara H, Hirata Y, Worthley DL, Muranishi Y, Furukawa T, Kon S, Tomita H, Wang TC, Koike K. GPR30-Expressing Gastric Chief Cells Do Not Dedifferentiate But Are Eliminated via PDK-Dependent Cell Competition During Development of Metaplasia. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1650-1666.e15. [PMID: 32032583 PMCID: PMC8796250 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric chief cells, a mature cell type that secretes digestive enzymes, have been proposed to be the origin of metaplasia and cancer through dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation. However, studies supporting this claim have had technical limitations, including issues with the specificity of chief cell markers and the toxicity of drugs used. We therefore sought to identify genes expressed specifically in chief cells and establish a model to trace these cells. METHODS We performed transcriptome analysis of Mist1-CreERT-traced cells, with or without chief cell depletion. Gpr30-rtTA mice were generated and crossed to TetO-Cre mice, and lineage tracing was performed after crosses to R26-TdTomato mice. Additional lineage tracing experiments were performed using Mist1-CreERT, Kitl-CreERT, Tff1-Cre, and Tff2-Cre mice crossed to reporter mice. Mice were given high-dose tamoxifen or DMP-777 or were infected with Helicobacter pylori to induce gastric metaplasia. We studied mice that expressed mutant forms of Ras in gastric cells, using TetO-KrasG12D, LSL-KrasG12D, and LSL-HrasG12V mice. We analyzed stomach tissues from GPR30-knockout mice. Mice were given dichloroacetate to inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-dependent cell competition. RESULTS We identified GPR30, the G-protein-coupled form of the estrogen receptor, as a cell-specific marker of chief cells in gastric epithelium of mice. Gpr30-rtTA mice crossed to TetO-Cre;R26-TdTomato mice had specific expression of GPR30 in chief cells, with no expression noted in isthmus stem cells or lineage tracing of glands. Expression of mutant Kras in GPR30+ chief cells did not lead to the development of metaplasia or dysplasia but, instead, led to a reduction in labeled numbers of chief cells and a compensatory expansion of neck lineage, which was derived from upper Kitl+ clones. Administration of high-dose tamoxifen, DMP-777, or H pylori decreased the number of labeled chief cells. Chief cells were eliminated from epithelia via GPR30- and PDK-dependent cell competition after metaplastic stimuli, whereas loss of GRP30 or inhibition of PDK activity preserved chief cell numbers and attenuated neck lineage cell expansion. CONCLUSIONS In tracing studies of mice, we found that most chief cells are lost during metaplasia and therefore are unlikely to contribute to gastric carcinogenesis. Expansion of cells that coexpress neck and chief lineage markers, known as spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia, does not occur via dedifferentiation from chief cells but, rather, through a compensatory response from neck progenitors to replace the eliminated chief cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan,Co-first authors
| | - Hiroto Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi-life Foundation, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan,Co-first authors
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Konishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Mayo Tsuboi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Yukiko Oya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Ken Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Yuki Hayata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Hayato Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi-life Foundation, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hirata
- Division of Advanced Genome Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Muranishi
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahisa Furukawa
- Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kon
- Tokyo University of Science, Division of Development and Aging, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, JAPAN
| | - Timothy C. Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
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43
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Chen WQ, Yang XJ, Zhang JW. Progress in research of gastric spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:254-259. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i7.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM) is a critical precursor of gastric precancerous lesions and can lead to dysplasia or neoplasia in the presence of continuous chronic inflammation. Current research on SPEM using mouse models implies that the immune dysfunction of the gastric mucosa triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection might result in the progression of SPEM to intestinal metaplasia and even gastric cancer. Therefore, elucidating the origin and mechanism of progression of SPEM can help avoid the occurrence of SPEM, prevent SPEM progressing to intestinal metaplasia, and reduce the incidence of gastric cancer. In this paper, we will review the progress in the research of SPEM over the recent 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Qun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cosmetology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400037, China
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44
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Miao ZF, Adkins-Threats M, Burclaff JR, Osaki LH, Sun JX, Kefalov Y, He Z, Wang ZN, Mills JC. A Metformin-Responsive Metabolic Pathway Controls Distinct Steps in Gastric Progenitor Fate Decisions and Maturation. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:910-925.e6. [PMID: 32243780 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular metabolism plays important functions in dictating stem cell behaviors, although its role in stomach epithelial homeostasis has not been evaluated in depth. Here, we show that the energy sensor AMP kinase (AMPK) governs gastric epithelial progenitor differentiation. Administering the AMPK activator metformin decreases epithelial progenitor proliferation and increases acid-secreting parietal cells (PCs) in mice and organoids. AMPK activation targets Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), known to govern progenitor proliferation and PC fate choice, and PGC1α, which we show controls PC maturation after their specification. PC-specific deletion of AMPKα or PGC1α causes defective PC maturation, which could not be rescued by metformin. However, metformin treatment still increases KLF4 levels and suppresses progenitor proliferation. Thus, AMPK activates KLF4 in progenitors to reduce self-renewal and promote PC fate, whereas AMPK-PGC1α activation within the PC lineage promotes maturation, providing a potential suggestion for why metformin increases acid secretion and reduces gastric cancer risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Miao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mahliyah Adkins-Threats
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joseph R Burclaff
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luciana H Osaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jing-Xu Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Kefalov
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zheng He
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jason C Mills
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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45
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Gupta MK, Gouda G, Donde R, Vadde R. Tumor Heterogeneity: Challenges and Perspectives for Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy. IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCIES 2020:1-15. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-6487-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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