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Zhang J, Wang P, Pang Q, Wang S, Zhang A. Handgrip strength is associated with cognitive function in older patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease: results from the NHANES. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10329. [PMID: 38710751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cognitive performance in stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients aged ≥ 60 years. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database 2011-2014. Three tests were used to assess the cognitive performance, including consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD), animal fluency test (AFT), and digit symbol substitution test (DSST). The multivariate linear regression analyses adjusting for confounding factors were utilized to evaluate the association of HGS with cognitive performance. A total of 678 older stage 3-5 CKD patients were included in this study. After adjusting for multiple factors, a higher HGS was positively associated with a higher CERAD-delayed recall and DSST score. In addition, our analysis indicated that HGS probably correlated with better performance of immediate learning ability in male, while working memory, sustained attention, and processing speed in female. HGS may be an important indicator for cognitive deficits in stage 3-5 CKD patients, especially for learning ability and executive function. Further research to explore the sex-specific and domain-specific and possible mechanisms are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peixin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Abe T, Abe A, Loenneke JP. Handgrip strength of young athletes differs based on the type of sport played and age. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24022. [PMID: 37987483 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Handgrip strength may differ depending on the type of sport played during the developmental period. Youth sports in which athletes hold equipment in their hands may be the most effective for improving handgrip strength. This study aimed to examine the age at which differences in handgrip strength appear by comparing sports that involve gripping (kendo) with those that do not involve gripping (soccer) in young athletes. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-two male athletes (115 kendo and 107 soccer) between 6 and 15 years old participated in this study. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and the average value of both hands was used for analysis. Sports experience was determined when they started practicing each sport. Handgrip strength was compared between sports. Statistical moderation was used to determine if the relationship between sport and handgrip strength depended upon the age of the athlete. RESULTS Kendo athletes had significantly higher handgrip strength than soccer athletes (4.77 kg [95% CI: 2.34, 7.19]) in the overall sample. We found that the relationship between sport and handgrip strength depended upon the age of the child (sport*age t = -3.6, p = .004). Using the Johnson-Neyman procedure, we found statistically significant differences between sports from 8.48 years and older. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the type of sport played, that is, whether or not an athlete plays with sports equipment in their hands, may influence the development of handgrip strength during the period of growth, and these sports may contribute to a higher level of handgrip strength in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Abe
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Children's Health and Exercise Research, Institute of Trainology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akemi Abe
- Division of Children's Health and Exercise Research, Institute of Trainology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jeremy P Loenneke
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
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Noji Y, Hatanaka R, Nakaya N, Kogure M, Nakaya K, Chiba I, Kanno I, Nakamura T, Tsuchiya N, Momma H, Hamanaka Y, Orui M, Kobayashi T, Uruno A, Kodama EN, Nagatomi R, Fuse N, Kuriyama S, Hozawa A. Association of physiological factors with grip and leg extension strength: tohoku medical megabank community-based cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:714. [PMID: 38443877 PMCID: PMC10916074 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper and lower extremity muscle strength can be used to predict health outcomes. However, the difference between the relation of upper extremity muscle and of lower extremity muscle with physiological factors is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between physiological data and muscle strength, measured using grip and leg extension strength, among Japanese adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2,861 men and 6,717 women aged ≥ 20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Grip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Leg extension strength was measured using a hydraulic isokinetic leg press machine. Anthropometry and physiological data, including blood pressure, calcaneal ultrasound bone status, pulmonary function, carotid echography, and blood information, were assessed. We used a general linear model adjusted for age, body composition, and smoking status to evaluate the association between muscle strength and physiological factors. RESULTS Grip and leg extension strength were positively associated with bone area ratio, vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, and negatively associated with waist circumference and percentage body fat mass in both the sexes. Diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with grip strength in both the sexes and leg extension strength in men, but not women. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and red blood cell counts were positively associated with grip and leg extension strength in women, but not men. In both the sexes, pulse rate, total cholesterol, and uric acid were consistently associated with only leg extension strength, but not grip strength. In women, glycated hemoglobin demonstrated negative and positive associations with grip and leg extension strength, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Grip and leg extension strength demonstrated similar associations with anthropometry, pulmonary function, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, but the associations with the other factors were not always consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Noji
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ippei Chiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kanno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Faculty of Data Science, Kyoto Women's University, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yohei Hamanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Orui
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eiichi N Kodama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8574, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Chen X, Xie L, Xia X, Luo X, Chen J, Zhang J, Li Q, Zhang X, Jiang J, Yang M. Effects of measurement protocols and repetitions on handgrip strength weakness and asymmetry in patients with cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:220-230. [PMID: 38014503 PMCID: PMC10834335 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of handgrip strength (HGS) in clinical cancer research is surging. The association between HGS and outcomes in patients with cancer varied across studies, which might be due to the different measurement protocols for HGS. We aimed to answer three questions: (1) Did the use of various protocols for HGS, along with different numbers of repetitions, lead to significant differences in maximum HGS values? (2) If yes, were these differences clinically significant? (3) Did the differences in HGS protocols and repetitions affect the identification of HGS weakness or HGS asymmetry? METHODS We continuously recruited adult patients with solid tumours. Two protocols were used to measure HGS: Method A, following the American Society of Hand Therapists guidelines, and Method B, following the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey guidelines. To analyse HGS, we used the maximal value obtained from either two or three repetitions of the dominant hand or four or six repetitions of both hands. RESULTS We included 497 patients (326 men and 171 women, median age: 58 years). The maximal HGS values, measured with Method B, were significantly higher than those measured by Method A in both men and women, despite repetitions (all P < 0.05). The maximum HGS values were significantly different across the repetition groups, regardless of measurement protocols and sex (all P < 0.01). The protocol-induced differences in maximal HGS values might be clinically meaningful in over 60% of men and 40% of women despite repetitions. The repetition-induced difference was only clinically significant in 4.3-17.8% of men and 4.1-14.6% of women. To identify HGS weakness, using Method A (six repetitions) as the 'gold' standard, the other protocols demonstrated an overall accuracy of 0.923-0.997 in men and 0.965-1 in women. To identify HGS asymmetry, using Method A (six repetitions) as the 'gold' standard, Method B (six repetitions) demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 0.972 in men and 0.971 in women. Method A (four repetitions) showed a diagnostic accuracy of 0.837 in men and 0.825 in women, while Method B (four repetitions) showed a diagnostic accuracy of 0.825 in men and 0.807 in women. CONCLUSIONS Both measurement protocols and repetitions significantly affect the maximal HGS values. The identification of HGS weakness is not significantly affected by either protocols or repetitions, while the identification of HGS asymmetry may be affected by different repetitions but not protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Xie
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital (Shangjin Nanfu Branch), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaozhen Luo
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital (Shangjin Nanfu Branch), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital (Shangjin Nanfu Branch), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital (Shangjin Nanfu Branch), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - QinLan Li
- Department of Oncology, West China Hospital (Shangjin Nanfu Branch), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Jiang
- Rehabilitation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shimizu A, Okada K, Tomata Y, Uno C, Kawase F, Momosaki R. Association between Japanese Diet Adherence and Muscle Weakness in Japanese Adults Aged ≥50 Years: Findings from the JSTAR Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7065. [PMID: 37998296 PMCID: PMC10671671 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20227065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Japanese diet adherence has been inversely correlated with muscle weakness. In this study, we aimed to validate that association. Longitudinal data from 1699 individuals aged ≥50 years (mean age 62.5 ± 6.9 years, 50.4% female) at two time points (2007 and 2011) were used. Participants without muscle weakness from several regions in Japan were included. The 12-component revised Japanese Diet Index (rJDI12) classified by tertiles assessed adherence to the Japanese dietary pattern. Muscle weakness was defined as a handgrip strength of ˂18 kg for females and ˂28 kg for males based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria 2019. A multivariate logistic approach was used to determine the relationship between rJDI12 tertile and the occurrence of muscle weakness by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) throughout the observation period. Muscle weakness was negatively correlated with the highest rJDI12 tertile (OR [95% CI] 0.891 [0.814, 0.973] for T3). This association was consistent in sensitivity analyses with multiple imputations of missing values. Closely following the Japanese dietary pattern appears to reduce the occurrence of muscle weakness among the aging population in this study, suggesting it may prevent frailty and sarcopenia in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Shimizu
- Department of Food and Health Science, Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, 8-49-7, Miwa, Nagano 380-8525, Japan
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan; (K.O.); (C.U.)
| | - Kiwako Okada
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan; (K.O.); (C.U.)
| | - Yasutake Tomata
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, 1-10-1, Heisei-cho, Yokosuka 238-8522, Japan;
| | - Chiharu Uno
- Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan; (K.O.); (C.U.)
| | - Fumiya Kawase
- Graduate School of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan;
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
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Goldney J, Dempsey PC, Henson J, Rowlands A, Bhattacharjee A, Chudasama YV, Razieh C, Laukkanen JA, Davies MJ, Khunti K, Yates T, Zaccardi F. Self-reported walking pace and 10-year cause-specific mortality: A UK biobank investigation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 81:17-23. [PMID: 37778454 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of self-reported walking pace (SRWP) with relative and absolute risks of cause-specific mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 391,652 UK Biobank participants recruited in 2006-2010, we estimated sex- and cause-specific (cardiovascular disease [CVD], cancer, other causes) mortality hazard ratios (HRs) and 10-year mortality risks across categories of SRWP (slow, average, brisk), accounting for confounders and competing risk. Censoring occurred in September 30, 2021 (England, Wales) and October 31, 2021 (Scotland). RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 12.6 years, 22,413 deaths occurred. In women, the HRs comparing brisk to slow SRWP were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.82), 0.40 (0.33, 0.49), and 0.29 (0.26, 0.32) for cancer, CVD, and other causes of death, respectively, and 0.71 (0.64, 0.78), 0.38 (0.33, 0.44), and 0.29 (0.26, 0.32) in men. Compared to CVD, HRs were greater for other causes (women: 39.6% [6.2, 72.9]; men: 31.6% [9.8, 53.5]) and smaller for cancer (-45.8% [-58.3, -33.2] and - 45.9% [-54.8, -36.9], respectively). For all causes in both sexes, the 10-year mortality risk was higher in slow walkers, but varied across sex, age, and cause, resulting in different risk reductions comparing brisk to slow: the largest were for other causes of death at age 75 years [women: -6.8% (-7.7, -5.8); men: -9.5% (-10.6, -8.4)]. CONCLUSION Compared to slow walkers, brisk SRWP was associated with reduced cancer (smallest reduction), CVD, and other (largest) causes of death and may therefore be a useful clinical predictive marker. As absolute risk reductions varied across age, cause, and SRWP, certain groups may particularly benefit from interventions to increase SRWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Goldney
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK.
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Joseph Henson
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Alex Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Yogini V Chudasama
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Cameron Razieh
- Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, UK; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Central Finland Health Care District Hospital District, Department of Medicine, Finland District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, UK; Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, UK
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Street JH, Boos ZP, Fial A, Lennon SL, Smith CS, Creasy SA, Hunter SK, Farquhar WB, Capin JJ. Long-term function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife former athletes: a scoping review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001605. [PMID: 37920279 PMCID: PMC10619025 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While sports medicine has traditionally focused on recovering from injury and returning athletes to sport safely after injury, there is a growing interest in the long-term health of athletes. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) summarise the literature (methodologies and findings) on physical function, body composition and cardiometabolic health in midlife (age 40-65 years) former competitive athletes compared with non-athlete controls, (2) identify areas for future study in long-term health in athletes and (3) determine outcomes that could be evaluated in a future systematic review(s). We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus for studies published between 2000 and 2022 evaluating former athletes and controls on physical function, body composition and/or cardiometabolic measures using MeSH terms. We identified 20 articles that met our criteria. Outcomes varied considerably across studies, most of which were cross-sectional and evaluated only males. Limited data suggest that former endurance athletes have leaner body compositions, higher aerobic capacity and better cardiometabolic indicators than controls; former athletes who maintain higher physical activity (ie, self-reported exercise) are healthier than those who do not; and former team sport athletes, who have higher injury prevalence, may have poorer functional performance than controls who were recreationally active in college. Studies rarely evaluated functional performance, did not control for prior injury or diet and seldom assessed current physical activity levels. Future research should include females and evaluate sex differences, control for prior sports-related injury(ies), quantify physical activity, use standardised outcome measures including performance-based functional assessments and incorporate longitudinal designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Heck Street
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zebadiah P Boos
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alissa Fial
- Research, Teaching & Learning, Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shannon L Lennon
- Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Carolyn S Smith
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Seth A Creasy
- Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sandra K Hunter
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - William B Farquhar
- Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Jacob John Capin
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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8
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Abe A, Sanui R, Loenneke JP, Abe T. One-Year Handgrip Strength Change in Kindergarteners Depends upon Physical Activity Status. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1665. [PMID: 37629522 PMCID: PMC10455176 DOI: 10.3390/life13081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Free play in kindergarten can be roughly divided into fine and gross motor activities, but the effects of these activities on improving handgrip strength are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to compare one-year changes in handgrip strength and forearm flexor muscle size in children separated by preferred play in a kindergarten. One hundred and eleven children were recruited from a local kindergarten. They underwent handgrip strength and forearm muscle thickness measurements, and 95 (49 boys and 46 girls) underwent a second measurement one year after the first measurement. Class teachers assessed the physical activity of everyone in their class after the second measurement. Using three evaluation scores by the class teachers, we divided children into three groups based on the children's preference to play in kindergarten (fine movement vs. gross motor movement). Handgrip strength did not change differently between groups across one year. However, children who liked active playing outside (i.e., gross motor activity) were stronger than others. Furthermore, children who like playing outside observed greater changes than the other groups in the ulna (right hand) and radius muscle thickness (left hand), suggesting that changes in forearm muscle size might be incongruent with changes in handgrip strength among the three activity groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Abe
- Division of Children’s Health and Exercise Research, Institute of Trainology, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan;
| | - Rika Sanui
- Child Health Research Group, Atagohama Kindergarten, Fukuoka 819-0002, Japan;
| | - Jeremy P. Loenneke
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, & Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Takashi Abe
- Division of Children’s Health and Exercise Research, Institute of Trainology, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan;
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai 270-1695, Japan
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9
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López-Bueno R, Andersen LL, Koyanagi A, Núñez-Cortés R, Calatayud J, Casaña J, Del Pozo Cruz B. Thresholds of handgrip strength for all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review with dose-response meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101778. [PMID: 36332759 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While handgrip strength is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, whether such associations are dose-dependent is largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review on the dose-response relationship of handgrip strength with all-cause mortality, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality. METHODS The data source included three electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus) from inception to 8 February 2022. Prospective cohort studies of healthy adults with objective measures of handgrip strength were included. Two researchers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We used estimates regarding handgrip strength categories to conduct a random forest model, and a two-stage random-effects hierarchical meta-regression model pooling study-specific estimates for dose-response relationship. Outcomes included all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality. REULTS Forty-eight studies comprising 3,135,473 participants (49.6% women, age range 35-85 years) were included. Random forest models showed a significant inverse association between handgrip strength and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Dose-response meta-analyses showed that higher levels of handgrip strength significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality within 26-50 kg (Higgin´s I2 =45.7%) in a close-to-linear inverse fashion. Cancer and cardiovascular mortality displayed a trend towards a U-shaped association with a significant risk reduction between 16 and 33 kg (Higgin´s I2 =77.4%), and a close-to-linear inverse shaped and significant risk reduction ranging from 24 to 40 kg (Higgin´s I2 =79.7%) respectively. CONCLUSION There is strong evidence for an association between lower handgrip strength with higher all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality risk. The dose-response relationship of handgrip strength substantially varies depending on the cause of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Spain; Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Faculty of Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness Across the Lifespan (EPAFit) Research Group, Faculty of Education, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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10
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Miura S, Seko T, Himuro N, Koyama M, Saitoh S, Ohnishi H. Toe Grip strength declines earlier than hand grip strength and knee extension strength in community-dwelling older men: a cross sectional study. J Foot Ankle Res 2022; 15:79. [PMID: 36280859 PMCID: PMC9594870 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-022-00584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to examine the age-related changes in the toe grip strength and its differences from hand grip strength and knee extension strength using cross-sectional data. Methods Of participants aged 65 years over who underwent health checkups for lifestyle-related diseases in 2018, 307 men and women met the criteria. Toe grip strength, hand grip strength, and knee extension strength were also measured as optional tests. The participants were divided into five groups categorized by every 5 years of age (Group 65–85). The data were analyzed with multiple comparisons using the linear mixed multilevel model to examine the following categories: association between age and muscle strength, differences in the pattern of change, and gender, using the 65–69 years group as a reference. Results In men, there were interaction effects between the factors of age and muscle, but in women there were not. Toe grip strength was significantly lower in Group 70, 75, 80, and 85 in men, lower in Group 85 than in 65 in women. Hand grip strength was significantly lower in Group 85 than in 65 in both men and women. There was no significant difference in knee extension strength among the age groups for both men and women. Conclusions The decline in toe grip strength may occur earlier and in a different pattern from hand grip strength and knee extension strength in men. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13047-022-00584-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Miura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japan Health Care College, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan ,grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, 3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0053 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Seko
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, 3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0053 Japan ,grid.505710.60000 0004 0628 9909Department of Rehabilitation, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, 2-10 Satomi, Chitose, 066-0055 Japan
| | - Nobuaki Himuro
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, 3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0053 Japan
| | - Masayuki Koyama
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, 3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0053 Japan ,grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Saitoh
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohnishi
- grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, 3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-0053 Japan ,grid.263171.00000 0001 0691 0855Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556 Japan
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11
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Handgrip strength measurement protocols for all-cause and cause-specific mortality outcomes in more than 3 million participants: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2473-2489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yatsugi H, Chen T, Chen S, Liu X, Kishimoto H. The Associations between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Men and Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010369. [PMID: 35010628 PMCID: PMC8744806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The relationships between physical activity (PA) and physical function (PF) among older Japanese adults have been examined before, with some studies reporting that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is positively associated with PF. However, it is unclear whether the observed associations differ between men and women. In this study, we investigated the associations of objectively measured MVPA, light physical activity (LPA), and sedentary time (ST) with different PF levels in older Japanese men and women. Subjects and Methods: A total of 810 community-dwelling subjects aged 65–75 years were investigated (52.1% women, 47.9% men). The PF variables included grip strength, one-leg standing, usual and maximum walking speeds, and chair-standing time. PA (MVPA, LPA, and ST) and the number of steps taken daily were assessed for seven consecutive days by a tri-axial accelerometer. We determined the sex-specific quartiles of MVPA, LPA, and ST and analyzed their associations with physical function in separate models for each exposure measure. Results: In the crude analysis, MVPA was significantly associated with all PF variables in the men, and with the usual walking speed, max. walking speed, and chair-standing time in the women. Neither LPA nor ST was significantly associated with any PF variables. After adjusting potential confounding factors, significant associations between MVPA and usual walking speed remained in the men and women. Conclusions: Only greater moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significantly associated with higher levels of PF variables in both men and women. Thus, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) can help older adults maintain or improve their physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harukaze Yatsugi
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (H.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Tao Chen
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Si Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (H.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (H.Y.); (X.L.)
- Faculty of Arts and Science, IC15, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence:
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13
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Iyota K, Mizutani S, Kishimoto H, Oku S, Tani A, Yatsugi H, Chu T, Liu X, Kashiwazaki H. Effect of Isometric Tongue Lifting Exercise on Oral Function, Physical Function, and Body Composition in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals: A Pilot Study. Gerontology 2021; 68:644-654. [PMID: 34515122 DOI: 10.1159/000518270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is known that oral frailty is one of the risk factors for physical frailty. Therefore, early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of oral frailty are really important. Tongue lifting exercise has been identified as a well-known method for improving decreased tongue pressure, one of the factors for oral frailty. However, few reports have investigated how tongue-strengthening exercises affect physical function and body composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of isometric tongue lifting exercises on oral function, physical function, and body composition. METHODS Participants were 49 elderly people aged 68-79 years, who had previously participated in the "Itoshima Frail Study." Participants performed isometric tongue lift exercises for 3 months. Oral function (tongue pressure and oral diadocokinesis), physical function (grip strength, open-eyed one-leg standing, sit-to-stand motion time, 5-m gait speed, and 3-m Timed up and go [TUG]), and body composition were measured at baseline and post-intervention, and the extent of changes in each item was statistically analyzed. Furthermore, participants were divided into physical frailty/pre-frailty and robust groups based on the Japanese version of the frail scale proposed by [BMC Geriatr. 2015 Apr;15:36] and were compared in terms of the extent of changes in each item baseline and the post-intervention. RESULTS After the intervention, oral function increased significantly together with a significant improvement in physical function, open-eyed one-leg standing time, sit-to-stand motion, and 3-m TUG. For body composition, visceral fat level and basal metabolic rate decreased significantly. Although no significant change in body composition was observed in the physical frailty/pre-frailty group after the intervention, significant improvements in several items were observed in the robust group. CONCLUSION Isometric tongue lifting exercise can effectively improve oral function. Furthermore, it might affect physical function and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Iyota
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asuka Tani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Harukaze Yatsugi
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tianshu Chu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kashiwazaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Handgrip and sex-specific cardiometabolic risk factors in Hispanic/Latino migrant farmworkers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10272. [PMID: 33986312 PMCID: PMC8119492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that handgrip strength might be a marker for cardiometabolic risk (CMR), but it has not been studied in Hispanic/Latino farmworker population. This study aimed to characterize absolute and relative handgrip strength in Hispanic/Latino farmworkers, and investigate the sex-specific association between handgrip strength and CMR factors. CMR factors and seated isometric absolute (the sum of both hands) and relative (absolute handgrip strength divided by body mass index) handgrip strengths were collected in 173 Hispanic/Latino farmworkers (mean age 35.1 ± 0.7 years; 49% female). The absolute and the relative handgrip strengths were 89.2 ± 1.8 kg, 3.3 ± 0.1 kg among males, and 56.5 ± 1.9 kg, 1.9 ± 0.1 kg among females, respectively. Age was correlated with absolute (r = - 0.17, p = 0.03) and relative handgrip strengths (r = - 0.28, p < 0.01). In males, absolute handgrip was related to triglycerides (r = - 0.25, p < 0.05), whereas relative handgrip was related to waist circumference (r = - 0.32, p < 0.01), waist/hip circumference ratio (r = - 0.36, p < 0.01), high-density lipoprotein (r = 0.24, p < 0.05), and triglycerides (r = - 0.35, p < 0.01). In females, absolute handgrip was related to fasting plasma glucose (r = - 0.28, p = 0.03), whereas relative handgrip was related to waist circumference (r = - 0.38, p < 0.01) and fasting plasma glucose (r = - 0.22, p < 0.05). Males had lower absolute handgrip strength when their triglycerides levels were at risk (p = 0.021), and lower relative handgrip strength when their plasma glucose (p = 0.034) and triglycerides (p = 0.002) levels were at risk. Females had lower relative handgrip strength when their plasma glucose (p = 0.001) and blood pressure (p = 0.004) were at risk. This study suggests that handgrip strength may be associated with sex-specific CMR factors in a Hispanic/Latino farmworker population.
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Linear association between grip strength and all-cause mortality among the elderly: results from the SHARE study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:933-941. [PMID: 32524391 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grip strength had become a potential tool for clinical assessments, while the predictive value of the grip strength of community-based populations had some limitations. AIMS To identify the shapes of the association between grip strength and all-cause mortality in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) cohort. METHODS Based on the SHARE cohort, 13,231 subjects aged 65 years and older were included in this study. Cox models with penalized splines (P-splines) were employed to characterize the shapes of the association between grip strength and all-cause mortality with the adjustment of covariates including sociodemographic characteristics, health characteristics, behavioral habits, and illness status. Then grip strength was analyzed as a categorical variable in quintile to examine the impact of low grip strength on all-cause mortality. RESULTS Inversely linear associations were found between grip strength and mortality both in males and females after adjustment for covariates. The hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each 5 kg decrease in grip strength to all-cause mortality were 1.11 (1.06-1.18) in males and 1.17 (1.08-1.28) in females. In comparison with subjects in the fifth quintile, the adjusted HRs and 95% CIs of all-cause mortality in the first quintile was 2.39 (1.79-3.19) in males and 1.84 (1.34-2.51) in females. Which were statistically significant in the second quintile compared with the fifth quintile [Males: 2.06 (1.56, 2.74), Females: 1.83 (1.35, 2.48)]. CONCLUSIONS Grip strength is inversely linear association with all-cause mortality and the low grip strength at the first and second quintile are a robust predictor of all-cause mortality.
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Risk of sarcopenia among older persons with Type 2 diabetes mellitus with different status of albuminuria: A dose-responsive association. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 95:104338. [PMID: 33652335 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sarcopenia has been reported before, but little was known regarding associations between albuminuria status in the development of sarcopenia. This study aimed to explore the associations between albuminuria status and sarcopenia among older patients with T2DM. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited T2DM patients aged 65 years and older from the DM shared care center in a regional hospital who were grossly absent from functional impairment. Demographic characteristics were collected and functional assessments were performed for all participants. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was obtained by spot urine exams, whereas UACR ≥ 30 mg/g was defined as microalbuminuria, and UACR > 300 mg/g as macroalbuminuria. Appendicular lean mass (ASM) was measured by the dual X-ray absorptiometry, and the relative appendicular muscle mass (RASM) was calculated as the ASM divided by height square (kg/m2).The definition of sarcopenia was made according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and muscle quality was defined as handgrip strength (kg) divided by RASM. RESULTS Overall, 180 participants (mean age: 72.5±5.3 years, 53.3% males) were enrolled for study. Higher HbA1c levels and poorer renal function were significantly associated with more severe albuminuria status.Besides, sarcopenia and low handgrip strength also showed dose-responsive associations with albuminuria status, which was similar in muscle quality.The receiver operating characteristic curve determine that the UACR of 13.7 mg/g was the optimal cutoff for sarcopenia diagnosis, which was lower than the conventionally definition of microalbuminuria (<30 mg/g). CONCLUSIONS Albuminuria status was dose-responsively associated with sarcopenia among older persons with T2DM, and the risk started to escalate from minimal albuminuria (UACR 9.18 mg/g in men and 18.4 mg/g in women). Further intervention studies are needed to evaluate potential benefits of better diabetes control in preventing sarcopenia and its outcomes.
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Nomura Y, Shimada M, Kakuta E, Okada A, Otsuka R, Tomizawa Y, Taguchi C, Arikawa K, Daikoku H, Sato T, Hanada N. Mortality-and Health-Related Factors in a Community-Dwelling of Oldest-Older Adults at the Age of 90: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249584. [PMID: 33371399 PMCID: PMC7768389 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mortality is obviously intended for epidemiological studies of community-dwelling older adults. There are several health-related factors associated with nutritional status and mortality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk factor for mortality in community-dwelling oldest-older adults at the age of 90 and clarify the structure of health-related factors associated with mortality. A 10-year follow-up study was performed for 93 subjects at the age of 90. The mean and median of their survival days were 2373 and 2581 days for women, and 1694 and 1793 days for men. By Cox's proportional hazards model, health-related factors associated with mortality were self-assessed for chewing ability, activities of daily living (ADLs), serum albumin, total cholesterol, serum creatinine, and gripping power for women but not for men. These factors interacted with each other, and the association of these factors was different in women and men. Self-assessed chewing ability was a powerful risk factor for mortality in women at the age of 90. It acted independently from nutritional status. For older adults, addressing healthy food choices together with improved oral functions is useful. However, risk factors for mortality may depend on the life stage of subjects. To investigate the risk factor for the mortality, the life course approach is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nomura
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-45-580-8462
| | - Mieko Shimada
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Chiba 261-0014, Japan;
| | - Erika Kakuta
- Department of Oral Bacteriology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Ayako Okada
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
| | - Ryoko Otsuka
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
| | - Yasuko Tomizawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Chieko Taguchi
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Nihon University, Matsudo 470-2101, Japan; (C.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Kazumune Arikawa
- Department of Preventive and Public Oral Health, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Nihon University, Matsudo 470-2101, Japan; (C.T.); (K.A.)
| | - Hideki Daikoku
- Iwate Dental Association, Morioka 020-0045, Japan; (H.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Tamotsu Sato
- Iwate Dental Association, Morioka 020-0045, Japan; (H.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Nobuhiro Hanada
- Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (A.O.); (R.O.); (N.H.)
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Shim J, Yoo HJ. Effects of Handgrip Strength on 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk among the Korean Middle-Aged Population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040458. [PMID: 33158168 PMCID: PMC7712900 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength is a simple, inexpensive health status indicator and can be used to assess mortality rate and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study used data from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014) to determine the effective use of handgrip strength to predict CVD risk. We analyzed data from 2427 adults aged from 40 to 64 years without CVD at baseline. Relative handgrip strength was calculated as the sum of the maximal absolute handgrip strength of both hands divided by body mass index, and the 10-year risk of CVD was calculated using the Framingham risk score. We performed logistic regression analysis to assess the association between handgrip strength and 10-year CVD risk. Results showed that CVD risk increased with age (95% CI: 1.19–1.33, p < 0.001). Men were 38.05 times more likely to develop CVD than women (95% CI: 15.80–91.58, p < 0.001). Every increase by 1 in handgrip strength reduced the 10-year CVD risk by 1.76 times (95% CI: 1.58–3.71, p < 0.001), and when waist-to-height ratio was <0.50, the CVD risk decreased by 3.3 times (95% CI: 0.16–0.56, p < 0.001). Developing specific modifications and improving lifestyle habits that could lead to increased handgrip strength and reduced obesity, which could prevent CVD, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeLan Shim
- Department of Nursing Gyeongju, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-4741
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Asada Y, Grignon M, Hurley J, Kirkland S. Cautionary tails of grip strength in health inequality studies: An analysis from the Canadian longitudinal study on aging. Soc Sci Med 2020; 265:113382. [PMID: 33010636 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-rated health is widely used in studies of the socioeconomic gradient of health in community-based populations. Its subjectivity may lead to under- or over-estimation of a true underlying socioeconomic gradient and has increased interest in searching for alternative, objective measures of health. Grip strength has emerged as one such alternative for community-based older populations, yet no study has directly assessed the relationship between these two measures and compared their associations with socioeconomic status and health behaviours. Using 26,754 participants aged 45-85 years in the baseline data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Comprehensive Cohort, we estimated adjusted-grip strength through indirect standardization using age, sex, height, weight, and their square terms and used ANOVA to assess the variance of adjusted-grip strength within and between each self-rated health category. We ran four separate logistic regression models, examining unhealthy tails (those reporting poor health vs. not and those at the bottom 8th percentile of adjusted-grip strength vs. above) and healthy tails (those reporting excellent health vs. not and those at the top 20th percentile of adjusted-grip strength vs. below). Stronger adjusted-grip strength correlated with better self-rated health, but only 2% of the total variance of adjusted-grip strength was explained by variance between the self-rated health categories. While self-rated health largely showed the expected socioeconomic gradients and positive relationships with health enhancing behaviours, adjusted-grip strength showed no clear, consistent associations with either socioeconomic or health behaviour variables. The results give caution about using grip strength as an objective alternative to self-rated health in studies of social inequalities in health. Empirical approaches demand careful considerations as to which dimensions of health and corresponding measures of health are most relevant to the context being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Asada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, 5790 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H1V7, Canada.
| | - Michel Grignon
- Department of Economics, Department of Health, Aging & Society, Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis (CHEPA), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4M4, Canada.
| | - Jeremiah Hurley
- Department of Economics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4M4, Canada.
| | - Susan Kirkland
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, 5790 University Avenue, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H1V7, Canada.
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20
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Yokoyama H, Shiraiwa T, Takahara M, Iwamoto M, Kuribayashi N, Nomura T, Yamada M, Sone H, Araki SI. Applications of physical performance measures to routine diabetes care for frailty prevention concept: fundamental data with grip strength, gait speed, timed chair stand speed, standing balance, and knee extension strength. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001562. [PMID: 32948539 PMCID: PMC7511604 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progression of muscle strength weakening will lead to a poor physical performance and disability. While this is particularly important in patients with diabetes, the associations of reduced muscle strength measured by grip strength with clinical features and physical performance remain unclear. We investigated clinical features and physical performance measures in association with grip strength in elderly people with diabetes in a primary care setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling 634 male and 323 female Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged 60 years or older. First, grip strength was measured and the associations of gender-specific grip strength with clinical features were evaluated. Second, in patients with a grip strength below the gender-specific median, physical performance measures, including gait speed, timed chair stand speed, knee extension strength, standing balance, and short physical performance battery scores, were investigated. Patients with and without a low performance defined by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia were compared in terms of clinical features and physical performance measures. RESULTS Grip strength decreased according to aging and longer duration of diabetes and was independently related to body mass index, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serum albumin, albuminuria, neuropathy, and stroke in male patients, and to body mass index and albuminuria in female patients. The physical performance measures became worse proportionally to a decrease in the grip strength. Patients with a low performance exhibited a significantly older age, lower grip strength and serum albumin, higher albuminuria, and poorer physical performance measures than those without. CONCLUSIONS Reduced grip strength was associated with glycemic exposure indicators of age-related duration, HbA1c, and vascular complications. The physical performance measures became worse with decreasing grip strength. Measurements of grip strength and physical performance in patients with diabetes may help promote intervention to prevent frailty in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yokoyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiyugaoka Medical Clinic, Obihiro, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iwamoto Medical Clinic, Zentsuji, Japan
| | | | - Takuo Nomura
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Kashiwara, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Araki
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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21
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Associations Between Handgrip Strength and Disease-Specific Mortality Including Cancer, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Diseases in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:320-331. [PMID: 31810062 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several controversial studies linking handgrip strength and health have suggested that low handgrip strength in older adults may be related to health problems and have investigated whether there is a minimum handgrip strength level associated with reduced mortality. Thus, by meta-analysis, the authors identified an association between handgrip strength in older adults and disease-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. Thirty studies with a total of 194,767 older adult participants were included in this meta-analysis. Higher handgrip strength was associated with an 18% decrease in all-cause mortality. Lower handgrip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality. The minimum handgrip strength in older women that did not increase all-cause mortality was 18.21 kg. Increased handgrip strength showed a decreased all-cause mortality, whereas decreased handgrip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality. Strengthening the handgrip may help improve disease-specific mortality in older adults.
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22
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Kyomoto Y, Asai K, Yamada K, Okamoto A, Watanabe T, Hirata K, Kawaguchi T. Handgrip strength measurement in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Possible predictor of exercise capacity. Respir Investig 2019; 57:499-505. [PMID: 31085119 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired exercise capacity is one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a widely used method for assessing exercise capacity in patients with COPD. However, the 6MWT requires considerable effort from patients. Therefore, a less physically demanding, but also noninvasive, method is warranted. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of the 6MWT distance (6MWD) in patients with COPD. METHODS This retrospective observational study enrolled 133 Japanese patients with COPD. All patients underwent the 6MWT, COPD assessment test (CAT), spirometry, respiratory muscle strength evaluation, body composition assessment, and handgrip strength (HGS) measurement. We examined the associations between the 6MWD and evaluated parameters. RESULTS From single regression analysis, the 6MWD was significantly correlated with age, CAT score, several spirometric measurements (e.g., percentages of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lungs [%DLCO]), respiratory muscle strength parameters (e.g., percentages of maximal expiratory and inspiratory pressures), skeletal muscle mass index, and HGS. In multiple regression analysis, age, CAT score, %DLCO, and HGS were independent predictors of the 6MWD. The %DLCO and HGS were strongly correlated as predictors of the 6MWD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We found that HGS was significantly correlated with the 6MWD compared with spirometric measurements or respiratory muscle strength parameters in Japanese patients with COPD, suggesting that HGS could be a simple and noninvasive predictor of the 6MWD in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohkoh Kyomoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Asai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Atsuko Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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23
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Kuki A, Tanaka K, Kushiyama A, Tanaka Y, Motonishi S, Sugano Y, Furuya T, Ozawa T. Association of gait speed and grip strength with risk of cardiovascular events in patients on haemodialysis: a prospective study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:196. [PMID: 31146702 PMCID: PMC6543665 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gait speed (GS) and handgrip strength (HGS), both factors associated with frailty and sarcopenia, are reportedly associated with CV events in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of these factors on the outcome of patients on dialysis. This study aimed to evaluate whether evaluation of GS and HGS could be associated the onset of fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular (CV) events in patients on haemodialysis (HD). Methods One-hundred-eighty-two patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing HD at four dialysis clinics in April 2015 provided written informed consent to participate in the study. We excluded patients who had physical disability, were unable to walk without help, or had recently experienced CV events. Usual GS over a 4-m walk and HGS were measured at baseline, and 173 patients (men, 124; women, 49) were divided into sex-specific quartiles according to GS and HGS and were followed-up for fatal/non-fatal CV events for a median of 2 years. We examined the association of GS and HGS with CV events and determined cut-off values using Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, HD duration, history of CVD, and diabetes. Results During the follow-up period, 46 CV events occurred. Both physical performance factors were significantly associated with CV events. Low GS (< 0.82 m/s for men and 0.81 m/s for women) and weak HGS (< 29.0 kg for men and 19.7 kg for women) were associated with CV events. For low vs. high GS, the hazard ratio (HR) for CV events was 2.29 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20–4.33; P = 0.01], and for low vs. high HGS, the HR was 2.15 [95% CI: 1.00–5.04; P < 0.05]. These HRs remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors, such as sex, age, dialysis vintage, history of CV disease, and diabetes. Conclusions Slow GS and weak HGS in patients on HD were suggested to be independent predictors of fatal/non-fatal CV events. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12882-019-1370-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Kuki
- Kitahachiouji Clinic, 2960-5 Ishikawa-cho, Hochiuji-shi, Tokyo, 1920032, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Higashikurume Ekimae Clinic, 1-3-6 Honmachi, Higashikuruume-shi, Tokyo, 2030053, Japan.,The Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute for Adult Diseases, Asahi Life Foundation, 2-2-6, Bakuro-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kushiyama
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Yoshihide Tanaka
- Kumegawa tousekinaika Clinic, 3-6-3 Onda-cho, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 189-0011, Japan
| | - Shuta Motonishi
- Higashiyamato Nangai Clinic, 4-2-8 Nangai, Higashiyamato-shi, Tokyo, 2070014, Japan
| | - Yasuji Sugano
- Kitahachiouji Clinic, 2960-5 Ishikawa-cho, Hochiuji-shi, Tokyo, 1920032, Japan
| | - Toru Furuya
- Higashikurume Clinic, 2-2-22 Shinkawa-cho, Higashikurume-shi, Tokyo, 2030013, Japan
| | - Takashi Ozawa
- Kodaira Kitaguchi Clinic, 2-2-11 Onuma-cho, Kodaira-shi, Tokyo, 1870001, Japan
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24
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Kim GR, Sun J, Han M, Park S, Nam CM. Impact of handgrip strength on cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality in the Korean longitudinal study of ageing. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027019. [PMID: 31072857 PMCID: PMC6527975 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether reduced handgrip strength, as a marker of muscle weakness, is linked with the risk of cardiovascular, cancer and all-cause mortality among older adults. DESIGN We used data from the 2006 to 2014 Korean longitudinal study of ageing study. Estimates of handgrip strength were collected using a handheld dynamometer. Cox proportional hazard models with time-varying covariates were used to estimate HRs and their 95% CIs for all-cause mortality. The cause-specific hazards regression analysis was also used to model cardiovascular and cancer mortality, by treating deaths from the cause of interest as events and other causes of death as censored. PARTICIPANTS 5859 participants aged 50 years or older were followed up until death or until the date of censoring (31 December 2014). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The study outcomes of interest were all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. RESULTS Of the participants included in analyses, 515 individuals (8.8%) died, reflecting an overall crude mortality rate of 11.0 deaths per 1000 person-years. Participants in the lowest handgrip strength tertile showed an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality evidenced by a multivariable adjusted HRs of 1.90 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.73) and 1.59 (95% Cl 1.08 to 2.34), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the rates of cancer-related death, with HR of 1.29 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.81 [lowest vs highest tertile; p trend=0.21]). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that lower handgrip strength is an independent predictor of mortality among a population-based sample of Korean elderly; highlighting the importance of interventions targeted at enhancing muscle strength for improvements in survival at older ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Ri Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Yonsei University Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyu Sun
- Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Han
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Mo Nam
- Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
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25
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Hatabe Y, Shibata M, Ohara T, Oishi E, Yoshida D, Honda T, Hata J, Kanba S, Kitazono T, Ninomiya T. Decline in Handgrip Strength From Midlife to Late-Life is Associated With Dementia in a Japanese Community: The Hisayama Study. J Epidemiol 2018; 30:15-23. [PMID: 30531122 PMCID: PMC6908846 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20180137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between decline in handgrip strength from midlife to late life and dementia is unclear. METHODS Japanese community-dwellers without dementia aged 60 to 79 years (ie, individuals in late life; mean age, 68 years) were followed for 24 years (1988-2012) (n = 1,055); 835 of them had participated in a health examination in 1973-1974 (mean age, 53 years), and these earlier data were used for the midlife analysis. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we estimated the risk conferred by a decline in handgrip strength over a 15-year period (1973-74 to 1988) from midlife to late life on the development of total dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) over the late-life follow-up period from 1988 to 2012. RESULTS During the follow-up, 368 subjects experienced total dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of total dementia increased significantly with greater decline in handgrip strength (increased or unchanged handgrip strength [≥+0%] 25.1, mildly decreased [-14 to -1%] 28.4, and severely decreased [≤-15%] 38.9 per 1,000 person-years). A greater decline in handgrip strength was significantly associated with higher risk of total dementia after adjusting for potential confounding factors; subjects with severely decreased handgrip strength had 1.51-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.99, P < 0.01) increased risk of total dementia compared to those with increased or unchanged handgrip strength. Similar significant findings were observed for AD, but not for VaD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a greater decline in handgrip strength from midlife to late life is an important indicator for late-life onset of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yozo Hatabe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Emi Oishi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.,Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
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26
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Yu H, Chen X, Dong R, Zhang W, Han P, Kang L, Ma Y, Jia L, Fu L, Hou L, Yu X, Wang L, Zhu X, Yang F, Guo Q. Clinical relevance of different handgrip strength indexes and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A cross-sectional study in suburb-dwelling elderly Chinese. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:1062-1072. [PMID: 30522855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced muscle strength, as measured by handgrip strength (HS), has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to examine the association between different HS indexes and CVD risk factors in elderly Chinese individuals. We also determine optimal cutoffs of HS indexes for predicting CVD risk factors. METHODS Data were obtained from 603 men and 789 women aged ≥60 years (average age 66.8 ± 6.4 y). These study participants were recruited in the suburb area of Tianjin, China. An individual was considered a patient when they exhibited any one of three CVD risk factors: diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia. All participants were interviewed face-to-face. In addition, serum samples were collected from all participants, and all participants underwent measures of anthropometry and HS. RESULTS The optimal cutoffs were 0.376 of HS/weight in men and 0.726 of HS/body fat mass in women for predicting diabetes mellitus. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of at least one CVD risk factor for those with low muscle strength identified by HS/body fat mass were 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53, 3.44; p < 0.001) in men and 2.32 (95% CI: 1.60, 3.29; p < 0.001) in women. CONCLUSION HS/body fat mass appear to be the index best associated with CVD risk factors except diabetes mellitus in men. The optimal cutoffs of HS indexes have the potential to identify elderly adults at risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Renwei Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liye Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyuan Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengying Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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27
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Shimizu M, Misumi M, Yamada M, Ohishi W, Yamamoto H, Kihara Y. Choice reaction time and grip strength as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in middle‐aged and elderly Japanese: from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Adult Health study. Intern Med J 2018; 48:1331-1336. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimizu
- Department of Clinical Studies Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
| | - Munechika Misumi
- Department of Statistics (Hiroshima) Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
| | - Michiko Yamada
- Department of Clinical Studies Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
| | - Waka Ohishi
- Department of Clinical Studies Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
| | - Hideya Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yasuki Kihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan
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28
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Qi Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Xie H, Shen X, Niu W, Wang Y. The effect of wheelchair Tai Chi on balance control and quality of life among survivors of spinal cord injuries: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 33:7-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Muscular Strength as a Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in an Apparently Healthy Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data From Approximately 2 Million Men and Women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018; 99:2100-2113.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Yates T, Zaccardi F, Dhalwani NN, Davies MJ, Bakrania K, Celis-Morales CA, Gill JMR, Franks PW, Khunti K. Association of walking pace and handgrip strength with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a UK Biobank observational study. Eur Heart J 2018; 38:3232-3240. [PMID: 29020281 PMCID: PMC5837337 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To quantify the association of self-reported walking pace and handgrip strength with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Methods and results A total of 230 670 women and 190 057 men free from prevalent cancer and cardiovascular disease were included from UK Biobank. Usual walking pace was self-defined as slow, steady/average or brisk. Handgrip strength was assessed by dynamometer. Cox-proportional hazard models were adjusted for social deprivation, ethnicity, employment, medications, alcohol use, diet, physical activity, and television viewing time. Interaction terms investigated whether age, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status modified associations. Over 6.3 years, there were 8598 deaths, 1654 from cardiovascular disease and 4850 from cancer. Associations of walking pace with mortality were modified by BMI. In women, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality in slow compared with fast walkers were 2.16 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.68–2.77] and 1.31 (1.08–1.60) in the bottom and top BMI tertiles, respectively; corresponding HRs for men were 2.01 (1.68–2.41) and 1.41 (1.20–1.66). Hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality remained above 1.7 across all categories of BMI in men and women, with modest heterogeneity in men. Handgrip strength was associated with cardiovascular mortality in men only (HR tertile 1 vs. tertile 3 = 1.38; 1.18–1.62), without differences across BMI categories, while associations with all-cause mortality were only seen in men with low BMI. Associations for walking pace and handgrip strength with cancer mortality were less consistent. Conclusion A simple self-reported measure of slow walking pace could aid risk stratification for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality within the general population. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Corresponding author. Tel: +1162584312,
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Nafeesa N Dhalwani
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Kishan Bakrania
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Carlos A Celis-Morales
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jason M R Gill
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care—East Midlands, University as Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Peterson MD, Lobelo F, Cavero-Redondo I, Correa-Bautista JE, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Handgrip and knee extension strength as predictors of cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1852-1858. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH; Santiago Chile
| | - R. Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA); Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad del Rosario; Bogotá, D.C Colombia
| | - M. D. Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - F. Lobelo
- Hubert Department of Global Health; Rollins School of Public Health and Exercise is Medicine Global Research and Collaboration Center; Emory University; Atlanta GA USA
| | - I. Cavero-Redondo
- Health and Social Research Center; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Cuenca Spain
| | - J. E. Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios en Medición de la Actividad Física (CEMA); Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad del Rosario; Bogotá, D.C Colombia
| | - V. Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Cuenca Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile; Talca Chile
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32
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Grøntved A, Hu FB. Walking pace and handgrip strength: simple measures of fitness and mortality risk? Eur Heart J 2017; 38:3241-3243. [PMID: 29020272 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Grøntved
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Center of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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33
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Granic A, Davies K, Jagger C, M. Dodds R, Kirkwood TBL, Sayer AA. Initial level and rate of change in grip strength predict all-cause mortality in very old adults. Age Ageing 2017; 46:970-976. [PMID: 28541466 PMCID: PMC5860048 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective to investigate the associations between initial level and rate of change in grip strength (GS) and all-cause mortality in very old adults (≥85 years) over a 9.6-year follow-up. Methods prospective mortality data from 845 participants in the Newcastle 85+ Study were analysed for survival in relation to GS (kg, baseline and 5-year mean change) using Cox proportional hazards models. Results during the follow-up, 636 (75.3%) participants died. Higher baseline GS was associated with a decreased risk of mortality in all participants [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.98, P < 0.001], men (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P = 0.009) and women (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99, P = 0.007) after adjustment for health, lifestyle and anthropometric factors. Overall GS slope had a downward trajectory and was determined in 602 participants: 451 experienced constant decline (negative slope) and 151 had increasing GS (positive slope) over time. Men and women with a negative slope had a 16 and 33% increased risk of mortality, respectively, with every kg/year decline in GS (P ≤ 0.005), and participants with a positive slope had a 31% decreased risk of mortality (P = 0.03) irrespective of baseline GS and key covariates. Conclusion higher baseline GS and 5-year increase in GS were protective of mortality, whilst GS decline was associated with an increased risk of mortality in the very old over 9.6 years, especially in women. These results add to the biological and clinical importance of GS as a powerful predictor of long-term survival in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen Davies
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carol Jagger
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard M. Dodds
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Thomas B L Kirkwood
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Avan A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care, Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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34
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Wu Y, Wang W, Liu T, Zhang D. Association of Grip Strength With Risk of All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Cancer in Community-Dwelling Populations: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:551.e17-551.e35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Normalizing handgrip strength in older adults: An allometric approach. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 70:230-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jamil NA, Gray SR, Fraser WD, Fielding S, Macdonald HM. The relationship between vitamin D status and muscle strength in young healthy adults from sunny climate countries currently living in the northeast of Scotland. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1433-1443. [PMID: 28083666 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The current study examined the relationship between vitamin D status and muscle strength in young healthy adults: residents (>6 months) and newcomers (0-3 months), originally from sunny climate countries but currently living in the northeast of Scotland. Our longitudinal data found a positive, albeit small, relationship between vitamin D status and knee extensor isometric strength. INTRODUCTION Vitamin D has been suggested to play a role in muscle health and function, but studies so far have been primarily in older populations for falls prevention and subsequent risk of fractures. METHODS Vitamin D status was assessed in a healthy young adults from sunny climate countries (n = 71, aged 19-42 years) with 56% seen within 3 months of arriving in Aberdeen [newcomers; median (range) time living in the UK = 2 months (9-105 days)] and the remainder resident for >6 months [residents; 23 months (6-121 months)]. Participants attended visits every 3 months for 15 months. At each visit, fasted blood samples were collected for analysis of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], parathyroid hormone (PTH), carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX) and N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP). Maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) were performed for grip strength (both arms) and for maximal isometric strength of the knee extensors (right knee). RESULTS There were small seasonal variations in 25(OH)D concentrations within the newcomers and residents, but no seasonal variation in bone turnover markers. There was a positive, albeit small, association between 25(OH)D and knee extensor maximal isometric strength. Mixed modelling predicted that for each 1 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D, peak torque would increase by 1 Nm (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that vitamin D may be important for muscle health in young adults migrating from sunnier climates to high latitudes, yet the potential effect is small.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Jamil
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB252ZD, UK
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S R Gray
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB252ZD, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128TA, UK
| | - W D Fraser
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR47TJ, UK
| | - S Fielding
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB252ZD, UK
| | - H M Macdonald
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB252ZD, UK.
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37
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Suwa M, Imoto T, Kida A, Iwase M, Yokochi T. Age-related reduction and independent predictors of toe flexor strength in middle-aged men. J Foot Ankle Res 2017; 10:15. [PMID: 28360943 PMCID: PMC5369005 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-017-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toe flexor muscles play an important role in posture and locomotion, and poor toe flexor strength is a risk factor for falls. In this cross-sectional study, we estimated the age-related change in toe flexor strength and compared it with that of handgrip strength. Independent factors predicting toe flexor and handgrip strength were also determined. Methods A total of 1401 male (aged 35–59 years) study participants were divided into five groups according to their chronological age; 35–39, 40–44, 45–49, 50–54, and 55–59 years. Toe flexor and handgrip strength, anthropometry, and resting blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure blood glucose, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterols, and albumin. A self-administered lifestyle questionnaire was conducted. Results Decline in absolute toe flexor and handgrip strength began in the age groups 50–55 and 55–59 years, respectively. In comparison to the mean values of the youngest group, relative toe flexor strength (87.0 ± 26.6%) was significantly lower than handgrip strength (94.4 ± 13.1%) for the oldest group. Multiple regression analyses showed that independent factors predicting both toe flexor and handgrip strength were lean body mass, age, serum albumin, drinking habit, and fat mass. Additionally, fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, sleeping time and exercise habit were predicting factors of toe flexor strength but not of handgrip strength. Conclusions Age-related reduction in toe flexor strength was earlier and greater than handgrip strength, and toe flexor strength reflects body composition and metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Suwa
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1, Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota, Aichi 444-2225 Japan
| | - Takayuki Imoto
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1, Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota, Aichi 444-2225 Japan
| | - Akira Kida
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1, Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota, Aichi 444-2225 Japan
| | - Mitsunori Iwase
- Toyota Memorial Hospital, 1-1, Heiwa-cho, Toyota, Aichi 471-8513 Japan
| | - Takashi Yokochi
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1, Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota, Aichi 444-2225 Japan
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Fukuda T, Bouchi R, Takeuchi T, Nakano Y, Murakami M, Minami I, Izumiyama H, Hashimoto K, Yoshimoto T, Ogawa Y. Association of diabetic retinopathy with both sarcopenia and muscle quality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2017; 5:e000404. [PMID: 28761661 PMCID: PMC5530250 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the existence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) could be associated with the prevalent sarcopenia and muscle quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 316 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 65±12 years; 38% female). Body compositions were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Patients were divided into three groups: patients without DR (NDR), with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR). Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria for Asians, using both skeletal muscle index (SMI) and grip strength (kg). Muscle quality was also determined by the grip strength divided by SMI. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the cross-sectional association of the severity of DR with sarcopenia. In addition, linear regression analyses were performed to determine the associations between DR and muscle quality. Selection of covariates in the multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses was done by a stepwise procedure. RESULTS Among the patients examined, NDR, NPDR and PDR were diagnosed in 261, 38 and 17 patients, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia significantly increased along with the progression of DR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PDR is significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR 7.78, 95% CI 1.52 to 39.81, p=0.014) and low muscle strength (OR 6.25, 95% CI 1.15 to 33.96, p=0.034). Multivariate linear regression analysis additionally showed that the existence of DR was significantly associated with the muscle quality (standardized β -0.136, p=0.005 for NPDR, standardized β -0.146, p=0.003 for PDR). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that PDR is significantly associated with sarcopenia, and the existence of DR increases the risk for low muscle quality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Fukuda
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Bouchi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takato Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujiro Nakano
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Murakami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Minami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Izumiyama
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Medical Welfare and Liaison Services, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koshi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Preemptive Medicine and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yoshimoto
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Strand BH, Cooper R, Bergland A, Jørgensen L, Schirmer H, Skirbekk V, Emaus N. The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70:1214-1221. [PMID: 27229009 PMCID: PMC5136688 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-206776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations. Methods In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50–80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths from specific causes as the outcome were performed, stratified by sex and age using Cox regression, adjusting for lifestyle-related and health-related factors. Results During 17 years of follow-up, 2338 participants died. A 1 SD reduction in grip strength was associated with HR=1.17 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.22) for all-cause mortality in a model adjusted for age, gender and body size. This association was similar across all age groups, in men and women, and robust to adjustment for a range of lifestyle-related and health-related factors. Results for deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory diseases and external causes resembled those for all-cause mortality, while for cancer, the association was much weaker and not significant after adjustment for lifestyle-related and health-related factors. Conclusions Weaker grip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality rates, with similar effects on deaths due to CVD, respiratory disease and external causes, while a much weaker association was observed for cancer-related deaths. These associations were similar in both genders and across age groups, which supports the hypothesis that grip strength might be a biomarker of ageing over the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Heine Strand
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rachel Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | | | - Lone Jørgensen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Therapeutic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Henrik Schirmer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Division of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Nina Emaus
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Moratalla-Cecilia N, Soriano-Maldonado A, Ruiz-Cabello P, Fernández MM, Gregorio-Arenas E, Aranda P, Aparicio VA. Association of physical fitness with health-related quality of life in early postmenopause. Qual Life Res 2016; 25:2675-2681. [PMID: 27085340 PMCID: PMC5010831 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-016-1294-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess the association of different components of physical fitness with HRQoL in early postmenopause and to test which physical fitness components are independently associated with the physical and mental components of HRQoL. Methods The final sample comprised 67 early postmenopausal women. Physical fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Test battery (additionally including handgrip strength test), and HRQoL was evaluated with the Short-Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36). We also analyzed plasma gonadotropic hormones and estradiol. Results Overall, most of the fitness components were positively associated with HRQoL. Lower-body flexibility, upper-body muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were the fitness components more strongly associated with HRQoL (r range from 0.28 to 0.56). Static balance was especially associated with mental health (r = −0.46, P < 0.001). Lower-body flexibility (assessed with the chair sit-and-reach test) and upper-body muscle strength (assessed with handgrip dynamometry) were independently associated with the SF-36 Physical Component Summary (both, P < 0.001). Upper-body muscle strength (P < 0.01) and cardiorespiratory fitness (assessed with the 6-min walk test, P < 0.05) were independently associated with the SF-36 Mental Component Summary. Conclusions Higher physical fitness is associated with better HRQoL in early postmenopause. Lower-body flexibility and upper-body muscle strength were the most important independent fitness indicators, explaining ~30 % of HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moratalla-Cecilia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pinos Puente Clinical Management Unit, Granada, Spain
| | - A Soriano-Maldonado
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - P Ruiz-Cabello
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M M Fernández
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - E Gregorio-Arenas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pinos Puente Clinical Management Unit, Granada, Spain
| | - P Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - V A Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Chainani V, Shaharyar S, Dave K, Choksi V, Ravindranathan S, Hanno R, Jamal O, Abdo A, Abi Rafeh N. Objective measures of the frailty syndrome (hand grip strength and gait speed) and cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol 2016; 215:487-93. [PMID: 27131770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) are objective components of the frailty syndrome in the elderly, and are associated with increased all-cause mortality. However, their association with cardiovascular (CVD) mortality is less lucid. The present systematic review aims to summarize the available literature assessing HGS, GS and their association with CVD Mortality. METHODS Medline and Embase databases were searched systematically using controlled vocabulary and free text terms. A total of 344 results were obtained and scanned for inclusion. Articles were included if they presented results of original research and provided information on HGS or GS and CVD mortality. RESULTS A total of 19 studies (N=63,396) were included for review. Twelve studies examined hand grip strength with CVD mortality and 7 studies assessed gait speed. Almost all included studies demonstrated an association of HGS/GS with CVD mortality on univariate analyses. Decreased HGS or GS were associated with increased mortality in most studies (8/12 for HGS and 6/7 for GS). In most positive studies, the association of HGS/GS was usually found to be independent of traditional CVD risk factors. CONCLUSION The present review demonstrates that decreased HGS and GS are associated with CVD mortality, with the association found to be more consistent for GS as compared to HGS. Both of these measures provide valuable prognostic information above and beyond traditional scoring methods and should be considered for implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vivek Choksi
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, United States
| | | | - Ram Hanno
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, United States
| | - Omar Jamal
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, United States
| | - Abir Abdo
- Louisiana State University School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Section of Geriatrics, United States
| | - Nidal Abi Rafeh
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, United States.
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Kishimoto H, Ohara T, Hata J, Ninomiya T, Yoshida D, Mukai N, Nagata M, Ikeda F, Fukuhara M, Kumagai S, Kanba S, Kitazono T, Kiyohara Y. The long-term association between physical activity and risk of dementia in the community: the Hisayama Study. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:267-74. [PMID: 26857126 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-016-0125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the long-term influence of physical activity on the risk of dementia in an elderly Japanese population. A total of 803 community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals without dementia aged ≥65 years were followed prospectively for 17 years. Physically active status was defined as engaging in exercise at least one or more times per week during leisure time, and participants were divided into an active group and an inactive group by the presence or absence of such physical activity. The risk estimates of physical activity on the development of all-cause dementia and its subtypes were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 291 participants developed all-cause dementia. Of these, 165 had Alzheimer's disease (AD), 93 had vascular dementia (VaD), and 47 had other dementia. Compared with the inactive group, the active group showed significantly lower crude incidence of AD (21.8 vs. 14.2 per 1000 person-years, p = 0.01), but no significant differences were observed for all-cause dementia (35.6 vs. 30.5, p = 0.17), VaD (11.3 vs. 9.8, p = 049), and other dementia (4.6 vs. 7.1, p = 0.15). After adjusting for potential confounders, the relationship between physical activity and risk of AD remained significant (adjusted hazard ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.84, p = 0.003). Our findings suggest that physical activity reduces the long-term risk of dementia, especially AD, in the general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naoko Mukai
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nagata
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fumie Ikeda
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masayo Fukuhara
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shuzo Kumagai
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Nofuji Y, Shinkai S, Taniguchi Y, Amano H, Nishi M, Murayama H, Fujiwara Y, Suzuki T. Associations of Walking Speed, Grip Strength, and Standing Balance With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in a General Population of Japanese Elders. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:184.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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