1
|
Han SY, Kim YH. Effects of Economic Status on Changes in Social Networks and Mental Health after Using Hearing Aids. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2387-2394. [PMID: 37987221 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hearing impairment affects social networks and mental health. Hearing aids (HA) can improve these deficits. However, their effects might be affected by various factors such as economic status (ES). This study aimed to identify how ES could moderate the effects of HA on social networks, depressive mood, and cognition. METHODS A prospective cohort for new HA users was established and classified into two groups based on their ES: a low ES group (LES group) and a medium to high ES group (MHES group). Audiological examination, Lubben social network scale-18 (LSNS-18), Short form of Geriatric Depression Score, Mini-Mental State Examination in the Korean version of the CERAD Assessment Packet, and surveys for satisfaction with HA were conducted before and at six months after wearing HA. RESULTS Post-HA application LSNS-18 scores were not improved in the LES group whereas they revealed significant improvement in the MHES group (p = 0.003). The LES group showed lower LSNS-18 score (p = 0.020) and its change (p = 0.042) than the MHES group. Additionally, patients with depressive moods in the MHES group showed better improvements than those in the LES group (p = 0.048). The effects of wearing HA on cognition and satisfaction with HA were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS HA did not improve social relationships and depressive moods in the LES group. Comprehensive and multidirectional support as well as hearing rehabilitation may be important for patients with LES. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 (Nonrandomized controlled cohort/follow-up study) Laryngoscope, 134:2387-2394, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meier T, Mehl MR, Martin M, Horn AB. When I am sixty-four… evaluating language markers of well-being in healthy aging narratives. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302103. [PMID: 38656961 PMCID: PMC11042717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural language use is a promising candidate for the development of innovative measures of well-being to complement self-report measures. The type of words individuals use can reveal important psychological processes that underlie well-being across the lifespan. In this preregistered, cross-sectional study, we propose a conceptual model of language markers of well-being and use written narratives about healthy aging (N = 701) and computerized text analysis (LIWC) to empirically validate the model. As hypothesized, we identified a model with three groups of language markers (reflecting affective, evaluative, and social processes). Initial validation with established self-report scales (N = 30 subscales) showed that these language markers reliably predict core components of well-being and underlying processes. Our results support the concurrent validity of the conceptual language model and allude to the added benefits of language-based measures, which are thought to reflect less conscious processes of well-being. Future research is needed to continue validating language markers of well-being across the lifespan in a theoretically informed and contextualized way, which will lay the foundation for inferring people's well-being from their natural language use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Meier
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Matthias R. Mehl
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Mike Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Andrea B. Horn
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Healthy Longevity Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cunha C, Rodrigues P, Voss G, Martinez-Pecino R, Delerue-Matos A. Association between formal social participation and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study using SHARE data. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38402630 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2315769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Formal social participation significantly impacts health and well-being, potentially mitigating cognitive decline, although not consistently across all studies. Existing research often focuses solely on baseline participation levels, and age-related differences have primarily been explored among the Asian population. Therefore, this longitudinal study aims to assess the association between formal social participation and cognition across different age groups in individuals aged 50+ living in Europe and Israel, while capturing the dynamic nature of formal social participation. We use data from three waves (four, six, and eight) of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), comprising 85,601 respondents. Linear mixed-effects models were applied. The results show that participation in formal social activities mitigates cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults, especially among those aged 70 to 79 and 80+. These findings support the need for social policies promoting formal social activities, for lasting cognitive health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Cunha
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paula Rodrigues
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Gina Voss
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Alice Delerue-Matos
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Sociology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Du Z, Kondo N. Effect modification of social participation in the relationship between living arrangements and frailty among older adults in Japan: Differences based on gender. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105231. [PMID: 37897853 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a common global concern that is closely related to aging, especially in Japan. This study clarifies the relationship between living arrangements and frailty among older Japanese adults and the effect of social participation based on gender, with the aim of developing social preventive and intervention strategies. METHODS Panel data were obtained from the 2016 and 2019 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Studies. A total of 23,630 older adults, aged 65 years and older, were included. Frailty was assessed using the Kihon Checklist. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between living arrangements and frailty and the effect of social participation based on gender. RESULTS A total of 1,589 (6.72 %) participants reported the new onset of frailty. No independent association was found between living arrangements and frailty, regardless of gender, after controlling for covariates. Diverse forms of social participation decreased the risk for frailty among men. For women, living with a spouse was associated with a higher risk for frailty, compared with women who lived alone; however, women who lived with children and participated in three or more social activities had a lowered risk for frailty. CONCLUSIONS For men, social participation played a more important role in the risk for frailty than did living arrangement. However, social participation moderated the association between living arrangements and frailty in women. Therefore, the promotion of social participation can be included in health prevention and intervention programs to decrease the risk for frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhang Li
- Department of Social Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Floor #2, Science Frontier Laboratory, Yoshida Konoe-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Xindu Avenue No. 783, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Zhen Du
- Department of Social Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Floor #2, Science Frontier Laboratory, Yoshida Konoe-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Floor #2, Science Frontier Laboratory, Yoshida Konoe-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim YM, Jang SN, Cho SI. Working hours, social engagement, and depressive symptoms: an extended work-life balance for older adults. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2442. [PMID: 38057776 PMCID: PMC10702122 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, researchers have been examining the impact of work-life balance (WLB) on mental health, considering it as a potential risk factor. However, it remains unclear whether the traditional understanding of WLB applies to older adults who worked for fewer hours before full retirement and whose children are likely to be independent adults. Therefore, this study aims to propose a modified form of WLB specifically for older adults. Within this context, we hypothesize that an optimum balance between working hours and social engagement protects against depressive symptoms among older adults. METHOD We conducted an analysis using data on 5,751 Korean adults older than 55 years from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 2016. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationships among working hours, social engagement, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Older adults who worked fewer than 35 h per week were less likely to experience depressive symptoms than were non-working older adults and those working 35 h or more per week. Additionally, older adults with a high level of informal social participation, thus occurring almost every day or two to three times per week, were less likely to experience depressive symptoms than were those with a low level of such participation (once a month or less). Furthermore, depressive symptoms were less frequent among those who worked fewer than 35 h per week and engaged in a high level of informal social participation compared to non-working older individuals and those with a low level of informal social participation. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining an optimal number of working hours and degree of social engagement are necessary to minimize the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults. Based on these findings, we suggest that fulfillment for work and life and their balance are important for older adults and propose work-life fulfillment balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mee Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Soong-Nang Jang
- Red Cross College of Nursing Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ali T, Elliott MR, Antonucci TC, Needham BL, Zelner J, de Leon CFM. Network Types and Functional Health in Old Age: It is Not Just the Size of the Network That Matters. J Aging Health 2023:8982643231209351. [PMID: 37863092 PMCID: PMC11031614 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231209351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Findings on the effect of network size and support on functional health are mixed. We examine whether network types, that simultaneously incorporate multiple network characteristics, are associated with functional health in late life. METHODS Data are from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 3005). We estimated the longitudinal effect of membership in five multidimensional network types on disability in six activities of daily living using negative binomial regression, and on mobility (assessed using a timed walk test) using a generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS Compared to those in the large without strain network, older adults in the small, restricted, high contact network had fewer disabilities but worse mobility, while those in the large network with strain also had worse mobility. DISCUSSION Care plans focusing on function and mobility should consider multiple aspects of older adults' social networks including network size, diversity, and relationship strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talha Ali
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Michael R. Elliott
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Toni C. Antonucci
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Belinda L. Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jon Zelner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee S, Moon H, Ko J, Cankaya B, Caine E, You S. Social connectedness and mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a community sample in Korea. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292219. [PMID: 37856559 PMCID: PMC10586704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared social connectedness patterns and examined the relationships between objective or subjective social connectedness and mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community dwelling adults in South Korea. An identical online survey was administered at two time points, in 2019 prior to the onset and again in 2021. Objective (network diversity and network size) and subjective (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness) social connectedness were measured along with positive and negative indices of mental health (depression, suicidal behavior, happiness, and life satisfaction). The results indicated that among social connectedness indices perceived burdensomeness were significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prior period, while network size was smaller. Subjective social connectedness was associated with all aspects of mental health consequences, either positive or negative. Among objective social connectedness, only network diversity was significantly associated with increased happiness and life satisfaction, and objective social connectedness was not associated with depression and suicidal behavior. These associations did not differ across the two time periods. The findings, both before and during the pandemic, indicated that network diversity is an important factor for positive indices of mental health and that efforts to increase subjective social connectedness are needed to decrease the risk of depression and suicidal behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sojung Lee
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyejoo Moon
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jisu Ko
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Banu Cankaya
- Department of Psychology, MEF University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eric Caine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Sungeun You
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li K, Wang Y, Jiang X, Li C, Chen J, Zeng Y, Zhao S, Ho JYE, Ran J, Han L, Wei Y, Yeoh EK, Chong KC. Relationship between temperature variability and daily hospitalisations in Hong Kong over two decades. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04122. [PMID: 37824178 PMCID: PMC10569366 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have highlighted the impacts of temperature variability (TV) on mortality from respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, with inconsistent results specifically in subtropical urban areas than temperate ones. We aimed to fully determine TV-associated health risks over a spectrum of diseases and various subgroups in a subtropical setting. Methods Using inpatient data from all public hospitals in Hong Kong from 1999 to 2019, we examined the TV-hospitalisation associations by causes, ages, and seasons by fitting a quasi-Poisson regression. We presented the results as estimated percentage changes of hospitalisations per interquartile range (IQR) of TV. Results TVs in exposure days from 0-5 days (TV0-5) to 0-7 days (TV0-7) had detrimental effects on hospitalisation risks in Hong Kong. The overall population was significantly affected over TV0-5 to TV0-7 in endocrine, nutritional and metabolic (from 0.53% to 0.58%), respiratory system (from 0.38% to 0.53%), and circulatory systems diseases (from 0.47% to 0.56%). While we found no association with seasonal disparities, we did observe notable disparities by age, highlighting older adults' vulnerability to TVs. For example, people aged ≥65 years experienced the highest change of 0.88% (95% CI = 0.34%, 1.41%) in hospitalizations for injury and poisoning per IQR increase in TV0-4. Conclusions Our population-based study highlighted that TV-related health burden, usually regarded as minimal compared to other environmental factors, should receive more attention and be addressed in future relevant health policies, especially for vulnerable populations during the cold seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kehang Li
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiaoting Jiang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Conglu Li
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jinjian Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yiqian Zeng
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Janice Ying-en Ho
- Division of Landscape Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jinjun Ran
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lefei Han
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Wei
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Eng Kiong Yeoh
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ka Chun Chong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin XY, Lachman ME. Diversity of network communication mode and interpersonal interactions: Relationship with social support and well-being. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2023; 40:3367-3391. [PMID: 38332849 PMCID: PMC10852044 DOI: 10.1177/02654075231173928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Social interactions today expand beyond in-person interactions. Therefore, it is important to recognize that social interactions can occur with social network members across multiple communication modes (in-person, phone, and online). The current study explored the role that social support plays in the relationship between mode frequency (in-person, phone, and online), network communication mode diversity (breadth and evenness of communicating with network members via different communication modes), and well-being (positive affect, stress, and loneliness) from the 3-year UCNET (UC Berkley Social Networks Study, N = 1159) dataset. The study contained samples for two age groups (cohorts) - 21-31 year-olds and 50-70 year-olds, which also allowed for an exploration of age differences in these relationships. Longitudinal random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) showed a high degree of stability over the 3 years for all variables. Cross-sectional structural equation mediation models showed that social support mediated the relationships of mode frequency (in-person, phone, and online) and network communication mode diversity with well-being (more positive affect and less loneliness and stress). Age differences were found in the relationship between frequency of communication modes and social support, in that the frequency of communication mode was positively related to social support for younger adults, but not for middle-aged/older adults. Current findings provided future research directions geared toward further understanding of the mode frequency and network communication mode diversity constructs and how they relate to various psychosocial outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao Lin
- Brandeis University, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Greene-Higgs L, Jordan A, Sheehan J, Berinstein J, Admon AJ, Waljee AK, Riehl M, Piette J, Resnicow K, Higgins PD, Cohen-Mekelburg S. Social Network Diversity and the Daily Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00572. [PMID: 36854057 PMCID: PMC10208714 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To examine the association between social network, daily inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) burden, and related cognitive factors such as loneliness and psychological well-being. METHODS Using survey data, we compared the relationship between social network diversity and daily IBD burden with multivariable linear regression. RESULTS Patients with IBD with higher social network diversity reported a lower daily IBD burden. This association was more common among those who reported a higher degree of loneliness than those with a low degree of loneliness. DISCUSSION We should consider diverse social connections as an indicator of risk for higher IBD burden, especially among lonely patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LaVana Greene-Higgs
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ariel Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica Sheehan
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey Berinstein
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew J. Admon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Akbar K. Waljee
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Megan Riehl
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John Piette
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kenneth Resnicow
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter D. Higgins
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shirley Cohen-Mekelburg
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matsuzaki Y, Nouchi R, Sakaki K, Dinet J, Kawashima R. The Effect of Cognitive Training with Neurofeedback on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060843. [PMID: 36981504 PMCID: PMC10048721 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive training aims to improve cognitive function through cognitive tasks or training games. Neurofeedback is a technique to monitor brain signals with either visual or auditory feedback. Previous studies suggest that a combination of cognitive training and neurofeedback has a superior effect on cognitive functions compared with cognitive training alone. However, no systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the benefits of cognitive training with neurofeedback (CTNF) exist. The purpose of this study was to examine the beneficial effects of CTNF in healthy adults using a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, PsychoINFO, and MEDLINE were searched for research papers reporting the results of interventions using CTNF. Results: After an initial screening of 234 records, three studies using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and one study using electroencephalography were extracted from the database. We performed a multi-level meta-analysis with three NIRS studies including 166 participants (mean ages ranged from 21.43 to 65.96 years). A multi-level meta-analysis revealed that CTNF has a beneficial effect on the episodic, long-term, and working memory domains. Conclusions: Although three studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, our results indicate that CTNF using NIRS would lead to improvements in memory functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuzaki
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (R.N.); Tel.: +81-22-717-7988 (Y.M.); +81-22-717-8952 (R.N.)
| | - Rui Nouchi
- Department of Cognitive Health Science, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Smart Aging Research Center (S.A.R.C.), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (R.N.); Tel.: +81-22-717-7988 (Y.M.); +81-22-717-8952 (R.N.)
| | - Kohei Sakaki
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Jérôme Dinet
- Laboratoire Lorrain de Psychologie et Neurosciences de la Dynamique des Comportements (2LPN), Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Cognitive Health Science, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Smart Aging Research Center (S.A.R.C.), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dembo RS, Mailick MR, Rudolph AE, Huntington N, DaWalt LS, Mitra M. Social Network Diversity and Mental Health Among Mothers of Individuals With Autism. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 128:101-118. [PMID: 36807480 PMCID: PMC10506165 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-128.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the associations between networks of social relationships and psychological well-being among mothers of adolescents and adults with autism (n = 352) over a 12-year period of time. A structural equation modeling approach was used to delineate the relative impacts of network size and relationship diversity on maternal mental health, and to assess whether such effects are bidirectional. Mothers with more diverse relationships experienced reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms over time, and the psychological benefits of diversity remained after adjusting for network size. Results also suggest bidirectional links between network size, diversity, and maternal mental health. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Dembo
- Robert S. Dembo and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Marsha R Mailick
- Robert S. Dembo and Marsha R. Mailick, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hillmann AR, Dhingra R, Reed RG. Positive social factors prospectively predict younger epigenetic age: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 148:105988. [PMID: 36446244 PMCID: PMC9898135 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Positive social factors may slow biological aging, but this has yet to be rigorously tested. This study investigated whether baseline levels or changes over time in social support and contact frequency prospectively predicted epigenetic age. METHOD Health and Retirement Study participants (N = 1912, 46.3 % male, aged 42-87 at baseline) reported longitudinal social support and contact frequency data up to 3 times between 2006 and 2016 and provided blood in 2016. Baseline levels (intercepts) and changes over time (slopes) in social support from and contact frequency with spouses, children, friends, and other family were outputted from multilevel models and used to predict epigenetic age, estimated from Horvath, Hannum, GrimAge, PhenoAge, and Dunedin Pace of Aging. RESULTS In models adjusted for demographic and health characteristics, higher baseline levels of support from and contact frequency with friends were prospectively associated with a slower Pace of Aging (support: p = .002; contact: p = 0.009) and a lower GrimAge (contact: p = .001). In addition, higher contact frequency with children at baseline was prospectively associated with a lower GrimAge (p < .001), and higher contact frequency with family at baseline and an increase in family contact over time was associated with a lower Hannum age (baseline: p = .005; slope: p = .015). CONCLUSIONS Perceived support from and contact with close others, particularly friends, may have implications for healthy biological aging. Notably, the effect sizes for friends were comparable to the effect of body mass index on epigenetic age. Positive social factors were generally associated with second- and third-generation clocks, which may be more sensitive to psychosocial factors than first-generation clocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abby R Hillmann
- Department of Psychology, Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Roma Dhingra
- Department of Biology, Georgetown College, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca G Reed
- Department of Psychology, Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wen B, Su BB, Xue J, Xie J, Wu Y, Chen L, Dong Y, Wu X, Wang M, Song Y, Ma J, Zheng X. Temperature variability and common diseases of the elderly in China: a national cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2023; 22:4. [PMID: 36609287 PMCID: PMC9824998 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of climate change, it has been well observed that short-term temperature variability (TV) could increase the overall and cause-specific mortality and morbidity. However, the association between long-term TV and a broader spectrum of diseases is not yet well understood, especially in the elderly. METHODS Our study used data from the fourth Urban and Rural Elderly Population (UREP) study. Long-term TV was calculated from the standard deviation (SD) of daily minimum and maximum temperatures within the study periods (2010-2014, 2011-2014, 2012-2014, 2013-2014, and 2014). Ten self-reported diseases and conditions were collected by questionnaire, including cataract, hypertension, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, stomach diseases, arthritis, chronic lung disease, asthma, cancer, and reproductive diseases. The province-stratified logistic regression model was used to quantify the association between long-term TV and the prevalence of each disease. RESULTS A total of 184,047 participants were included in our study. In general, there were significant associations between TV and the prevalence of most diseases at the national level. Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.20) generated the highest estimates, followed by stomach diseases (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.19), asthma (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.22), chronic lung diseases (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.13), arthritis (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.11), and cataract (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). Moreover, the associations varied by geographical regions and across subgroups stratified by sex, household income, physical activity, and education. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that long-term exposure to TV was associated with the prevalence of main diseases in the elderly. More attention should be paid to the elderly and targeted strategies should be implemented, such as an early warning system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Bin Bin Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiahui Xue
- First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yao Wu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaolan Wu
- China Research Center on Ageing, 48 Guang 'anmen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100054, China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- University of Toronto, St.Geogre, 27 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S, Canada
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goldman A, York Cornwell E. Stand by Me: Social Ties and Health in Real-Time. SOCIUS : SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOR A DYNAMIC WORLD 2023; 9:10.1177/23780231231171112. [PMID: 37822581 PMCID: PMC10566299 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231171112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Sociological research has documented myriad associations between individuals' overall social connectedness and health, but rarely considers the shorter-term dynamics of social life that may underlie these associations. We examine how being with others ("social accompaniment") is associated with momentary experiences of symptoms, drawing smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments (N=12,720) collected from 342 older adults from the Chicago Health and Activity in Real Time study. We find that patterns of social accompaniment are distinct from global measures of social integration such as network size. Older adults who are in the company of a friend or neighbor are significantly less likely to experience momentary fatigue and stress, even after accounting for overall measures of social integration. These results suggest that social accompaniment has unique implications for short-term health outcomes. New theoretical perspectives and empirical analyses are needed to better understand the dynamic nature of everyday social accompaniment and its longer-term implications for well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Goldman
- Department of Sociology, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, 424 McGuinn Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467
| | - Erin York Cornwell
- Department of Sociology, Cornell University, 390 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schutter N, Holwerda TJ, Comijs HC, Stek ML, Peen J, Dekker JJM. Loneliness, social network size and mortality in older adults: a meta-analysis. Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:1057-1076. [PMID: 36692789 PMCID: PMC9685120 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Loneliness and social network size have been found to be predictors of mortality in older adults. The objective of this study was to investigate whether loneliness and small social network size are associated with an increased mortality risk and to review the evidence for either network size, or loneliness that constitutes the higher mortality risk. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and PsychInfo in January/February 2018 and March/April 2021. Studies that mentioned outcome data were included in the meta-analysis and coded using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for Cohort Studies. The meta-analysis showed that both loneliness and small social network size are associated with mortality risk in older adults (Hazard Ratio 1.10 (95% Confidence Interval 1.06-1.14) for loneliness and 0.96 (95% Confidence Interval 0.93-0.99) for larger network size). Sensitivity analyses according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale yielded varying results. Heterogeneity was large. In conclusion, both loneliness and small social network size in older adults are associated with increased mortality, although the effect size is small. Targeting subjective and objective aspects of older adults' social contacts should be on the agenda of preventive as well as personalized medicine. In order to be able to compare the association between loneliness and network size and mortality, more studies are needed that include both these risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Schutter
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Arkin Mental Health Care, Nieuwe Kerkstraat 156, 1018 VM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tjalling J. Holwerda
- Department of Psychiatry, Arkin Mental Health Care, Roetersstraat 210, 1018 WE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie C. Comijs
- GGZ InGeest/Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max L. Stek
- GGZ InGeest/Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Peen
- Department of Clinical Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jack J. M. Dekker
- Department of Clinical Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Killam K. Invited discussant comments during the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study webinar 'Alone Together: Loneliness Research and Social Health Innovation in Lockdown and Beyond'. UCL OPEN ENVIRONMENT 2022; 4:e004. [PMID: 37228469 PMCID: PMC10208344 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has influenced people's social relationships around the world in surprising ways. It has also underscored the importance of and accelerated innovation in solutions for social isolation and loneliness. This commentary offers takeaways from emerging research findings and a wide lens on the societal movement underway to create more socially connected communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasley Killam
- Founder and Executive Director, Social Health Labs, www.socialhealthlabs.com
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schutter N, Holwerda TJ, Kuipers H, Van RHL, Stek ML, Comijs HC, Peen J, Dekker JJM. The Association Between Loneliness and Psychiatric Symptomatology in Older Psychiatric Outpatients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:778-788. [PMID: 34937438 DOI: 10.1177/08919887211060022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Loneliness in adults increases with age. Although loneliness has been found to be associated with psychiatric disorders and dementia, no information is available on prevalence of loneliness in older psychiatric patients. The aims of this study were to examine prevalence of loneliness in older psychiatric outpatients, including gender differences and associations with psychiatric disorders and social isolation. METHODS Cross-sectional study in an outpatient clinic for geriatric psychiatry between September 2013 and February 2018. Interviews were done in 181 patients. RESULTS 80% of participants were lonely. Loneliness was associated with having contacts in less social network domains, in women but not in men. There were no associations with DSM-IV-TR-classifications. However, loneliness was associated with higher scores on questionnaires for depression and cognitive function. Intensity of treatment did not differ significantly between lonely and non-lonely participants. CONCLUSION Loneliness is highly prevalent in older psychiatric outpatients, with men and women equally affected. Loneliness should be assessed in all older psychiatric patients, especially when they show high scores on symptom checklists or have a restricted social network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Schutter
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, 120662Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tjalling J Holwerda
- Department of Psychiatry, 120662Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanna Kuipers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amici Zorgt, Heerhugowaard, Netherlands
| | - Rien H L Van
- Department of General Psychiatry Residency Training/Netherlands Psychoanalytical Institute, 120662Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max L Stek
- GGZ InGeest/Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- GGZ InGeest/Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Peen
- Department of Clinical Research, 120662Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jack J M Dekker
- Department of Clinical Research, 120662Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Collins HK, Hagerty SF, Quoidbach J, Norton MI, Brooks AW. Relational diversity in social portfolios predicts well-being. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120668119. [PMID: 36252003 PMCID: PMC9618086 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120668119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We document a link between the relational diversity of one's social portfolio-the richness and evenness of relationship types across one's social interactions-and well-being. Across four distinct samples, respondents from the United States who completed a preregistered survey (n = 578), respondents to the American Time Use Survey (n = 19,197), respondents to the World Health Organization's Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (n = 10,447), and users of a French mobile application (n = 21,644), specification curve analyses show that the positive relationship between social portfolio diversity and well-being is robust across different metrics of well-being, different categorizations of relationship types, and the inclusion of a wide range of covariates. Over and above people's total amount of social interaction and the diversity of activities they engage in, the relational diversity of their social portfolio is a unique predictor of well-being, both between individuals and within individuals over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena F. Hagerty
- Darden School of Business, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Jordi Quoidbach
- Department of People Management and Organisation, Esade Business School, Ramon Llull University, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Castruita PA, Piña-Escudero SD, Rentería ME, Yokoyama JS. Genetic, Social, and Lifestyle Drivers of Healthy Aging and Longevity. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2022; 10:25-34. [PMID: 38031561 PMCID: PMC10686287 DOI: 10.1007/s40142-022-00205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review "Healthy aging" is the state of the aging process in which a person can maintain physical, social, mental, and spiritual wellness. This literature review presents an overview of recent studies that explore how biological, social, and environmental factors contribute to healthy aging. Recent Findings A number of genome-wide association studies have been conducted recently for traits related to healthy aging, such as frailty index, healthspan, muscle strength, and parental longevity, leading to the discovery of dozens of genetic variants associated with these traits. In parallel, associations between healthy aging measures and multiple non-biological environmental elements have been identified as key moderators of the aging process, indirectly influencing day-to-day homeostatic processes. Summary Individual variations in lifespan and healthspan are influenced by genetic factors, with a heritability of ~ 25% in developed countries. Non-genetic risk variance is explained in part by social, cultural, and lifestyle conditions. Altogether, these factors contribute to a multifaceted state of wellness over time, shaping individual risk to frailty and resilience during the aging process. Notably, "Blue Zone" populations, which are characterized by an abundance in healthy lifestyles across generations, share some commonalities regarding determinants of health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alejandra Castruita
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Health Equity Research Lab, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie Danielle Piña-Escudero
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miguel E. Rentería
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Insitute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jennifer S. Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Neubauer AC, Wood G. Intelligenzsteigerung durch Neuroenhancement? PSYCHOLOGISCHE RUNDSCHAU 2022. [DOI: 10.1026/0033-3042/a000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die menschliche Intelligenz gehört zu den bestuntersuchten psychologischen Merkmalen, in denen interindividuelle Differenzen bestehen. Die mehr als 100jährige Forschungsgeschichte hat einen hoch belastbaren Wissensstand hervorgebracht; dieser umfasst die Definition, die Psychometrie, die (ontogenetische) Entwicklung, die Struktur, die Vorhersagekraft für real-life-Variablen, das Wissen über elementar-kognitive, verhaltensgenetische und neurobiologische Grundlagen der Intelligenz, u.v.m. Jüngst steht zudem die Frage des ‚enhancements‘ der Intelligenz im Fokus, eine Frage, die nicht zuletzt durch die aktuelle philosophische Strömung des Transhumanismus stark an Bedeutung gewinnt. Der Transhumanismus nimmt eine substanzielle Erhöhung (enhancement) von Fähigkeiten und anderen (auch) psychologischen Eigenschaften des Menschen ins Zentrum und postuliert, dass ein soziokultureller Fortschritt – und letztlich das Überlegen des Homo Sapiens und unseres Planeten – erst durch technologischen Fortschritt ermöglicht werde. Viele Transhumanisten stellen eine substanzielle Steigerung der Intelligenz in den Vordergrund, die primär durch (neuro–)technologische und pharmakologische Maßnahmen zu bewerkstelligen seien. Diese Debatten sind jedoch oft gekennzeichnet durch übertrieben optimistische Annahmen der Möglichkeiten moderner neurowissenschaftlicher Methoden bei gleichzeitiger Vernachlässigung der potenziellen negativen Folgen für das Individuum, für die Gesellschaften und insgesamt für unsere Spezies. Im gegenständlichen Überblicksbeitrag werden behaviorale, neuroelektrische und pharmakologische Methoden im Hinblick auf ihr aktuelles Potenzial einer Steigerung der individuellen Intelligenz analysiert. Die zwischenzeitlich zu diesen Fragen vorliegenden experimentellen Studien, sowie verfügbare Metaanalysen lassen allerdings den Schluss zu, dass bislang keine der gegenwärtig verfügbaren Methoden das Potenzial haben, die individuelle Intelligenz substanziell zu steigern. Und selbst falls solche möglicherweise in absehbarer Zeit zur Verfügung stünden, müssen zuvor sowohl individuelle als auch gesellschaftliche (negative) Konsequenzen einer kritischen Analyse unterzogen werden. Diese sind Gegenstand einer abschließenden Diskussion.
Collapse
|
22
|
Social network change after new-onset pain among middle-aged and old European adults. Soc Sci Med 2022; 310:115215. [PMID: 36054986 PMCID: PMC9514133 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines how onset of chronic pain affects characteristics of personal social networks among adults aged 51+ across Europe. METHODS We used population-based data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; 2011-2015; n = 12,647). Using a change score analysis approach, we tracked changes in personal social networks of respondents experiencing new-onset chronic pain (n = 3803) compared to pain-free counterparts (n = 8844) in 11 European countries over four years. RESULTS Overall, consistent with network activation theory, respondents with new-onset mild-to-moderate chronic pain reported increases in sizes and diversity of their personal social networks, compared to their pain-free counterparts. However, consistent with the "pain as threat to the social self" theory, respondents with new-onset moderate pain or mild-to-moderate pain reported a decrease over time in perceived satisfaction and closeness with networks, respectively. Estimates from interactions between new-onset pain severity and sex show that men with new-onset pain experienced greater decreases in network satisfaction (mild pain) and closeness (severe pain) than did women. DISCUSSION This study highlights the complex social consequences of chronic pain, which may vary based on pain severity, gender, and type of social outcome considered.
Collapse
|
23
|
Felix N, Ayers E, Verghese J, Blumen HM. Increased Social Support Reduces the Incidence of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome. Innov Aging 2022; 6:igac048. [PMID: 36081405 PMCID: PMC9447853 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Objectives
The motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a predementia syndrome characterized by slow gait and cognitive complaint. The relationship between MCR and social support—a potentially modifiable risk factor of dementia—is currently unknown. The current study aimed to determine whether MCR incidence varies as a function of social support in aging.
Research Design and Methods
We examined MCR incidence in 506 community-dwelling older adults (M Age 76.59; 57.3% female) without MCR or dementia at baseline. We quantified perceived levels of social support with the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, incorporating four different categories of support: (a) emotional/informational support, (b) tangible support, (c) affectionate support, and (d) positive social interactions. We used Cox regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, comorbidities, and global cognition, to estimate hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Over a median follow-up time of 2.5 years (range = 1–7 years), 38 participants (9.8%) developed MCR. Increased tangible support decreased the risk of MCR by 30% (aHR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53–0.92, p = .011). Increased overall social support decreased the risk of MCR by 33% (aHR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46–0.98, p = .038). Other subcategories of social support were not associated with a decreased risk of MCR (p > .05).
Discussion and Implications
Higher levels of tangible social support, as well as overall social support, were associated with reduced risk for MCR in older adults. Increasing social support may be a promising avenue of intervention for reducing the risk of MCR, dementia, and other forms of cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Felix
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
| | - Emmeline Ayers
- Departments of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
| | - Joe Verghese
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
- Departments of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
| | - Helena M Blumen
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
- Departments of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, New York , USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Satsanasupint P, Daovisan H, Phukrongpet P. Enhancing active ageing in later life: Can community networks enhance elderly health behaviours? Insights from a bracketing qualitative method. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panarat Satsanasupint
- Faculty of Nursing Science Saint Theresa International College Nakhon Nayok Thailand
| | - Hanvedes Daovisan
- Human Security and Equity Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University Social Research Institute Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Pimporn Phukrongpet
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Imamura K, Kamide N, Ando M, Sato H, Sakamoto M, Shiba Y. Social isolation is associated with future decline of physical performance in community-dwelling older adults: a 1-year longitudinal study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1391-1398. [PMID: 35060108 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation and decline of physical function, such as muscle strength and physical performance, are known to be associated with deterioration of functional capacity. However, the relationship between social isolation and physical function has not been sufficiently clarified by a longitudinal observational study. AIMS The aim of this study was to examine whether social isolation is associated with a future decline in physical function in older people. METHODS The participants were 166 community-dwelling older people (aged ≥ 65 years). Social isolation and physical function were assessed using the 6-item Lubben Social Network Scale and handgrip strength, knee extensor strength, usual walking time, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in both the baseline and follow-up surveys. To define the presence or absence of physical function decline over time, we used the minimal detectable change. The associations between social isolation and physical function were analyzed using logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors. Further, to examine the possibility of drop-out bias, inverse probability weighting (IPW) was performed. RESULTS The results of the logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors showed social isolation at baseline was significantly associated with future TUG decline (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.15-7.22). Social isolation was not associated with a decline in other physical functions. Similar results were found in an analysis using IPW. CONCLUSIONS Social isolation was an independent risk factor for future TUG decline in community-dwelling older people. Our results indicated that assessment of social isolation may be necessary to assess the risk of physical performance decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Imamura
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Naoto Kamide
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Masataka Ando
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sato
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Miki Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shiba
- School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Peng S, Roth AR, Apostolova LG, Saykin AJ, Perry BL. Cognitively stimulating environments and cognitive reserve: the case of personal social networks. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 112:197-203. [PMID: 35231846 PMCID: PMC9019994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitively stimulating environments are thought to be protective of cognitive decline and onset of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) through the development of cognitive reserve (CR). CR refers to cognitive adaptability that buffers the impact of brain pathology on cognitive function. Despite the critical need to identify cognitively stimulating environments to build CR, there is no consensus regarding which environmental determinants are most effective. Rather, most studies use education as proxies for CR and little is known about the association between older adults' personal social networks and CR. Using neuroimaging data from 135 older adults participating in the Social Networks in Alzheimer Disease (SNAD) study, this article adopted a residual method for measuring CR and found that large network size, high network diversity, and loosely connected networks were positively associated with greater CR. These results suggest that expansive social networks in later life may constitute cognitively stimulating environments which can be leveraged to build CR and reduce the burden of ADRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Peng
- Department of Sociology & Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Adam R Roth
- Department of Sociology & Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences & Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brea L Perry
- Department of Sociology & Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Piolatto M, Bianchi F, Rota M, Marengoni A, Akbaritabar A, Squazzoni F. The effect of social relationships on cognitive decline in older adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:278. [PMID: 35148704 PMCID: PMC8831686 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A previous meta-analysis (Kuiper et al., 2016) has shown that multiple aspects of social relationships are associated with cognitive decline in older adults. Yet, results indicated possible bias in estimations of statistical effects due to the heterogeneity of study design and measurements. We have updated this meta-analysis adding all relevant publications from 2012 to 2020 and performed a cumulative meta-analysis to map the evolution of this growing field of research (+80% of studies from 2012-2020 compared to the period considered in the previous meta-analysis). Methods Scopus and Web of Science were searched for longitudinal cohort studies examining structural, functional and combined effects of social relationships. We combined Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random effects meta-analysis and assessed sources of heterogeneity and the likelihood of publication bias. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Quality of Prognosis Studies in Systematic Reviews (QUIPS) tool. Results The review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42019130667). We identified 34 new articles published in 2012-2020. Poor social relationships were associated with cognitive decline with increasing precision of estimates compared to previously reviewed studies [(for structural, 17 articles, OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.08; 1.14) (for functional, 16 articles, OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05; 1.20) (for combined, 5 articles, OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06; 1.24)]. Meta-regression, risk and subgroup analyses showed that the precision of estimations improved in recent studies mostly due to increased sample sizes. Conclusions Our cumulative meta-analysis would confirm that multiple aspects of social relationships are associated with cognitive decline. Yet, there is still evidence of publication bias and relevant information on study design is often missing, which could lead to an over-estimation of their statistical effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1186/s12889-022-12567-5).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Piolatto
- Cluster of Excellence, Department of Sociology, University of Konstanz, Universität-Str. 10, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Federico Bianchi
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Milan, Via Conservatorio 7 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Rota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marengoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy
| | - Aliakbar Akbaritabar
- Laboratory of Digital and Computational Demography, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Str. 1, Rostock, Germany
| | - Flaminio Squazzoni
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, University of Milan, Via Conservatorio 7 20122, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ali T, Elliott MR, Antonucci TC, Needham BL, Zelner J, Mendes de Leon CF. Multidimensional Social Network Types and Their Correlates in Older Americans. Innov Aging 2022; 6:igab053. [PMID: 35036584 PMCID: PMC8756185 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Social support networks of older adults have been linked to their health and well-being; however, findings regarding the effects of specific network characteristics have been mixed. Additionally, due to demographic shifts increasing numbers of older adults live outside of traditional family structures. Previous studies have not systematically examined the resulting complexity and heterogeneity of older adults’ social networks. Our objectives were to examine this complexity and heterogeneity by developing a multidimensional typology of social networks that simultaneously considers multiple structural and functional network characteristics, and to examine differences in network type membership by sociodemographic characteristics, health characteristics, and birth cohort. Research Design and Methods Participants included 5,192 adults aged 57–85 years in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project at rounds 1 (2005–2006) and 3 (2015–2016). Data were collected on social relationships including network size, diversity, frequency of contact, and perceived support and strain in relationships. We used latent class analysis to derive the network typology and multinomial logistic regression to examine differences in network type membership by sociodemographic characteristics, health characteristics, and birth cohort. Results Older adults were classified into 5 distinct social network types: (i) large, with strain; (ii) large, without strain; (iii) small, diverse, low contact; (iv) small, restricted, high contact; and (v) medium size and support. Membership in these network types varied by age, gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, mental health, and birth cohort. Discussion and Implications Network typologies can elucidate the varied interpersonal environments of older adults and identify individuals who lack social connectedness on multiple network dimensions and are therefore at a higher risk of social isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talha Ali
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael R Elliott
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Toni C Antonucci
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Belinda L Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jon Zelner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carlos F Mendes de Leon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Huxhold O, Fiori KL, Windsor T. Rethinking Social Relationships in Adulthood: The Differential Investment of Resources Model. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022; 26:57-82. [PMID: 35001730 PMCID: PMC8978474 DOI: 10.1177/10888683211067035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Empirical evidence about the development of social relationships across
adulthood into late life continues to accumulate, but theoretical
development has lagged behind. The Differential Investment of
Resources (DIRe) model integrates these empirical advances. The model
defines the investment of time and energy into social ties varying in
terms of emotional closeness and kinship as the core mechanism
explaining the formation and maintenance of social networks.
Individual characteristics, acting as capacities, motivations, and
skills, determine the amount, direction, and efficacy of the
investment. The context (e.g., the living situation) affects the
social opportunity structure, the amount of time and energy available,
and individual characteristics. Finally, the model describes two
feedback loops: (a) social capital affecting the individual’s living
situation and (b) different types of ties impacting individual
characteristics via social exchanges, social influences, and social
evaluations. The proposed model will provide a theoretical basis for
future research and hypothesis testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tim Windsor
- Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
UCHIDA K, KAWAHARADA R, TANAKA K, ONO R. Social Network Moderates the Association between Frequency of Social Participation and Physical Function among Community-dwelling Older Adults. Phys Ther Res 2022; 25:120-126. [PMID: 36819910 PMCID: PMC9910351 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social participation is an essential component of active aging. Physical dysfunction is restriction of social participation, but it is inconclusive that improvement of physical function contributes to promote social participation. Therefore, understanding the other factor that moderates the association between physical dysfunction and social participation is important, and social network (i.e., ties with family and friends) may be a key factor. The aims of this study were to investigate the association between physical function and frequency of social participation, with social network as a moderator, and to examine the gender differences on the relationships. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among 287 community-dwelling older adults. We asked how often they participated in social groups in a week to measure frequency of social participation. Physical function and social network were measured by using the modified version of Short Physical Performance Battery for community-dwelling older adults and the abbreviated Lubben Social Network Scale, respectively. To investigate the association, we performed a linear regression analysis. RESULTS After adjustment, a linear regression analysis showed interactions between physical function and social network on frequent social participation (β: -0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.40 to -0.01). Furthermore, the same association was observed only in women (adjusted β: -0.33, 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.02). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that social network moderates the association between physical function and social participation, and observed gender differences on the relationships. The findings of this study indicated the importance of multidimensional assessment and measures for improving social participation, not only physical function but also social network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki UCHIDA
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan,Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | - Rika KAWAHARADA
- Department of Rehabilitation, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi TANAKA
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Japan
| | - Rei ONO
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan,Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Saito T, Nishita Y, Tange C, Nakagawa T, Tomida M, Otsuka R, Ando F, Shimokata H, Arai H. Association between intra-individual changes in social network diversity and global cognition in older adults: Does closeness to network members make a difference? J Psychosom Res 2021; 151:110658. [PMID: 34741873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although qualitative aspects of interpersonal networks, such as diversity or closeness, can protect the health of older adults, their association with cognitive health remains unclear. This study examined the concurrent and time-lagged association between intra-individual changes in global cognition and social network diversity, while considering emotional closeness. METHODS In this 10-year study, we obtained six-wave, biennial data from the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging. Data from 808 community-dwelling, cognitively intact adults aged 65 or older at baseline were analyzed. Global cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Social network diversity scores were assessed using a social convoy model, comprising three closeness levels: inner (closest), middle (second closest), and outer (least close). RESULTS The mean age of the respondents was 72.0 ± 4.4 years at baseline, and 50.1% were male. A fixed-effects model showed that intra-individual change in total (coefficients, B: 0.10; standard error [SE]: 0.05; p = .042) and inner (B: 0.25; SE: 0.07; p < .001) social network diversity was significantly associated with MMSE score decline, even after adjusting for covariates. Yet, in time-lagged models, diversity and MMSE score changes were not significantly associated during the subsequent two years. CONCLUSION Older adults' global cognition declined when the diversity of their closest social network decreased. This may be a promising marker for early cognitive decline in older adults. Indeed, their closest networks are relatively unlikely to decline as part of normal aging or diseases except dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tami Saito
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan.
| | | | - Chikako Tange
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | | | - Makiko Tomida
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | - Fujiko Ando
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan; Aichi Shukutoku University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan; Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Schutter N, Holwerda TJ, Comijs HC, Naarding P, Van RHL, Dekker JJM, Stek ML, Rhebergen D. Loneliness, social network size, and mortality in older adults and the role of cortisol. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:2246-2254. [PMID: 33147982 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1843001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loneliness and social isolation have both been found to be associated with increased mortality in previous studies. One potential underlying mechanism is via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between social network size and cortisol, to analyze the associations between both loneliness and social network size and mortality, and to examine to what extent the association between network size and/or loneliness and mortality is mediated by cortisol. DESIGN The study group consisted of 443 depressed and non-depressed participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression in the Elderly (NESDO). Cross-sectional analysis of the association between social network size and cortisol measures was followed by a survival analysis of the associations between both social network size and loneliness and mortality. RESULTS There were no significant associations between social network size and cortisol measures. Loneliness and small social network size were not associated with mortality. Age and partner status were more important predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION As people grow older the variety of factors that influence mortality risk increases, diminishing the effect of a single factor. Prevention of early morbidity and mortality in older adults should be tailored to specific needs and risks, instead of aiming at one specific factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Schutter
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tjalling J Holwerda
- Department of Psychiatry, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Naarding
- General Psychiatry Residency Training Program, GGNet, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands.,Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands
| | - Rien H L Van
- Department of General Psychiatry Residency Training, Netherlands Psychoanalytical Institute, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jack J M Dekker
- Department of Clinical Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Arkin Mental Health Care, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max L Stek
- GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Didi Rhebergen
- GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Luo M, Edelsbrunner PA, Siebert JS, Martin M, Aschwanden D. Longitudinal Within-Person Associations Between Quality of Social Relations, Structure of Social Relations, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 76:1960-1971. [PMID: 33406247 PMCID: PMC8599076 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals' social connections and interpersonal experiences can both shape and be shaped by cognitive functioning. This study examines longitudinal within-person associations between quality of social relations, structure of social relations, and cognitive functioning in older age. METHODS We examined 16-year longitudinal data (3 waves) from 497 older adults (M = 66.07 years, SD = 0.83, range = 64-68 years) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development and Aging. Quality of social relations was measured by scales on perceived emotional support, instrumental support, and social integration. Structure of social relations was measured by self-reported number of leisure time partner types, indicating social network diversity. Cognitive functioning was assessed as a latent construct consisting of five cognitive tests (i.e., Information, Similarities, Letter Fluency, Picture Completion, Block Design). We used a random intercept cross-lagged panel model in the analysis. RESULTS At the within-person level, prior quality of social relations, but not structure of social relations, was positively associated with subsequent cognitive functioning. Moreover, prior cognitive functioning was positively associated with subsequent structure of social relations, but not with quality of social relations. DISCUSSION Quality of social relations is a protective factor of cognitive aging. Additionally, responding to prior lower cognitive functioning, social network diversity reduced, but quality of social relations did not seem to change. Overall, this study suggested that social relations and cognitive functioning mutually influence each other, but different aspects of social relations (i.e., quality, structure) might have different directional associations with cognitive functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Luo
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jelena Sophie Siebert
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelburg, Germany
| | - Mike Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Peng S, Roth AR, Perry BL. A latent variable approach to measuring bridging social capital and examining its association to older adults' cognitive health. Soc Neurosci 2021; 16:684-694. [PMID: 34727017 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.2001368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Access to cognitive stimulation through social interactions is a key mechanism used to explain the association between personal networks, cognitive health, and brain structure in older adults. However, little research has assessed how best to operationalize access to novel or diverse social stimuli using social network measures, many of which were designed to study information diffusion within large whole networks (e.g., structural holes and bridging social capital). Using data from 277 adults in the Social Networks and Alzheimer Disease (SNAD) study, we aimed to evaluate such measures for use in research on cognitive aging using personal social networks. We found a positive association between individual measures of structural holes and cognitive health, but not with brain structure. Further, we extracted a latent measure of bridging social capital using multiple individual measures (i.e., structural holes, network diversity, weak ties, and network size) and found it was significantly associated with cognitive health and brain structure, supporting the utility of this concept and related measures in the study of cognitive aging. Finally, individual measures may underestimate the effects of multidimensional bridging social capital on cognitive health and brain structure compared to a latent measure that combines them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyun Peng
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Adam R Roth
- Department of Sociology & Network Science Institute, Indiana University
| | - Brea L Perry
- Department of Sociology & Network Science Institute, Indiana University
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Effect of social participation on the development of physical frailty: Do type, frequency and diversity matter? Maturitas 2021; 151:48-54. [PMID: 34446279 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the longitudinal association between social participation and incident frailty in community-dwelling older adults in general and particularly in China. This study examined the impact of type, frequency and diversity of social participation on incident physical frailty at two-year follow-up. METHOD Longitudinal data from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. Older adults who were non-frail and aged 60 years or more at baseline and had information on physical frailty at follow-up were included. Frailty was measured using the modified frailty phenotype criteria. Social participation was measured as the type, frequency and diversity of engagement in social activities, including interacting with friends, playing group games, participating in sports clubs, community-related organizations, and voluntary activities. RESULTS A total of 6959 eligible respondents were included. Playing group games (OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.55-0.96) or participating in the activities of sports clubs (OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.34-0.85) once or more times per week led to a decreased risk of developing frailty in two years whereas participating in voluntary activities occasionally (OR=0.50, 95%CI=0.30-0.84) had a protective effect on the development of frailty. More diverse social participation was significantly associated with lower risk of incident frailty at two-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The association between social participation and onset of physical frailty differed by the specific type and frequency of the activities that older adults engaged in. Promoting social participation of various types and at an appropriate frequency may be a promising way to mitigate the burden associated with physical frailty among older adults.
Collapse
|
36
|
Hill EM, Frost A. Loneliness and Psychological Distress in Women Diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer: Examining the Role of Self-Perceived Burden, Social Support Seeking, and Social Network Diversity. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2021; 29:195-205. [PMID: 34114151 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the role of self-perceived burden, social support seeking, and social network diversity in loneliness and psychological distress among women with ovarian cancer. A cross-sectional design was employed whereby 130 women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, recruited through various online sources (e.g., social media), completed the study via Qualtrics. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed self-perceived burden, social support seeking, social network diversity, loneliness, and psychological distress (anxiety, depressive symptoms). The models examined indicated that there were indirect effects of self-perceived burden and social network diversity on psychological distress via loneliness. Social support seeking was not significant in the models. Loneliness, self-perceived burden, and social network diversity should be of clinical concern among those working to support women with ovarian cancer. Future studies on longitudinal patterns or examining other factors associated with loneliness are needed to better understand the mental health of women with ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Hill
- Department of Psychology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, 19383, USA.
| | - Andriana Frost
- Department of Psychology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA, 19383, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gliksberg O, Livne O, Lev-Ran S, Rehm J, Hasson-Ohayon I, Feingold D. The Association Between Cannabis Use and Perceived Social Support: the Mediating Role of Decreased Social Network. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
38
|
Han M, Jiang G, Luo H, Shao Y. Neurobiological Bases of Social Networks. Front Psychol 2021; 12:626337. [PMID: 33995181 PMCID: PMC8119875 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A social network is a web that integrates multiple levels of interindividual social relationships and has direct associations with an individual’s health and well-being. Previous research has mainly focused on how brain and social network structures (structural properties) act on each other and on how the brain supports the spread of ideas and behaviors within social networks (functional properties). The structure of the social network is correlated with activity in the amygdala, which links decoding and interpreting social signals and social values. The structure also relies on the mentalizing network, which is central to an individual’s ability to infer the mental states of others. Network functional properties depend on multilayer brain-social networks, indicating that information transmission is supported by the default mode system, the valuation system, and the mentalizing system. From the perspective of neuroendocrinology, overwhelming evidence shows that variations in oxytocin, β-endorphin and dopamine receptor genes, including oxytocin receptor (OXTR), mu opioid receptor 1 (OPRM1) and dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2), predict an individual’s social network structure, whereas oxytocin also contributes to improved transmission of emotional and behavioral information from person to person. Overall, previous studies have comprehensively revealed the effects of the brain, endocrine system, and genes on social networks. Future studies are required to determine the effects of cognitive abilities, such as memory, on social networks, the characteristics and neural mechanism of social networks in mental illness and how social networks change over time through the use of longitudinal methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Han
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Gaofang Jiang
- College of Education, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, China
| | - Haoshuang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongcong Shao
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pavarini SCI, Ottaviani AC, Bregola AG, Fraga FJ, Chagas MHN, Oliveira NAD, Brito TRPD. Association between perceived social support and better cognitive performance among caregivers and non-caregivers. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200329. [PMID: 33624689 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify the association between the characteristics of the support network and cognitive performance of older caregivers and compare characteristics between caregivers and non-caregivers. METHODS we evaluated 85 older caregivers and 84 older non-caregivers registered with primary care units regarding sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, and social support. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed. RESULTS among non-caregivers, significant associations were found between a better cognitive performance and receiving emotional/affectionate support; each one-point increase in the emotional support score and affectionate support score was related to a 0.43-point and 0.39-point increase in cognitive assessment, respectively. Among older caregivers, each one-point increase in the emotional support score was related to a 0.55-point increase in cognitive assessment. CONCLUSION strengthening the support networks of older caregivers and encouraging satisfactory exchanges of social support can assist in improving cognitive performance, which can have a positive impact on caregivers' health.
Collapse
|
40
|
Gil-Quintana J, Santoveña-Casal S, Romero Riaño E. Realfooders Influencers on Instagram: From Followers to Consumers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041624. [PMID: 33567738 PMCID: PMC7914574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Realfooders have positioned themselves in social networks such as Instagram by posting photographs of recipes, advises, habits and nutritional behaviours which are advertised as reliable nutritional patterns and by their self-promotion as highly trained people in the field of nutrition which sometimes jeopardises the health of digital citizenry. (2) Methods: In this article, we develop a quantitative study for analysing the influence of selected Realfooders on 2,866,980 followers on Instagram, taking into account channel variables (gender, location, interests and motivations), followers’ variables (engagement, interaction and consumption) and some variables related to the message of 54 posts about breakfast. (3) Results: Selected Realfooders concentrate their followers in Spain, mostly women between 18 and 24 and between 35 and 44 years old who link their interests on food to the cult of the body and recreational areas. On the other hand, the content generated by Realfooders has been increasing its impact using advertising and marketing techniques for awaking consumer’s interest. (4) Conclusions: Educational and social agents are facing the challenge of low health literacy in young population. Therefore, it is necessary to design and implement strategies for developing critical thinking that allow them to assess the content generated by Realfooders and identify which recommendations can be harmful or beneficial to their health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gil-Quintana
- Department of Education, National University of Distance Education, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-989-050
| | - Sonia Santoveña-Casal
- Department of Education, National University of Distance Education, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Efrén Romero Riaño
- Faculty of Engineering, Autónoma University of Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhaoyang R, Sliwinski MJ, Martire LM, Katz MJ, Scott SB. Features of daily social interactions that discriminate between older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 79:gbab019. [PMID: 33528558 PMCID: PMC10935459 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Detecting subtle behavioral changes in everyday life as early signs of cognitive decline and impairment is important for effective early intervention against Alzheimer's disease. This study examined whether features of daily social interactions captured by ecological momentary assessments could serve as more sensitive behavioral markers to distinguish older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from those without MCI, as compared to conventional global measures of social relationships. METHOD Participants were 311 community dwelling older adults (aged 70 to 90 years) who reported their social interactions and socializing activities five times daily for 14 consecutive days using smartphones. RESULTS Compared to those with normal cognitive function, older adults classified as MCI reported less frequent total and positive social interactions and less frequent in-person socializing activities on a daily basis. Older adults with and without MCI, however, did not show differences in most features of social relationships assessed by conventional global measures. DISCUSSION These results suggest that certain features of daily social interactions (quality and quantity) could serve as sensitive and ecologically valid behavioral markers to facilitate the detection of MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Zhaoyang
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Lynn M Martire
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Stacey B Scott
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Settels J, Leist AK. Changes in neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage and older Americans' cognitive functioning. Health Place 2021; 68:102510. [PMID: 33493963 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While associations of neighborhood conditions with cognitive functioning at older ages have been established, few studies have investigated with a dynamic perspective if changing neighborhood socioeconomic conditions affect older residents' cognitive declines, and which putative factors mediate this relationship. METHOD Using data from waves 2 (2010-2011) and 3 (2015-2016) of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) survey (n = 1837), ordinary least squares regressions and mediation analyses were conducted, adjusting for multiple confounders and testing eight putative mediators. RESULTS Worsening neighborhood socioeconomic circumstances were associated with cognitive declines. Changes in depressive symptoms, sizes of close social networks, and physical activity substantially mediated this relationship. DISCUSSION While 18.10% of the total effect occurred through these mechanisms, further pathways may work through contextual- and individual-level variables not assessed in the NSHAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Settels
- University of Luxembourg, Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality, 11, Porte des Sciences, L-4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Anja K Leist
- University of Luxembourg, Department of Social Sciences, Institute for Research on Socio-Economic Inequality, 11, Porte des Sciences, L-4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang Y, Natale G, Clouston S. The Characteristics of Social Network Structure in Later Life in Relation to Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Conversion to Probable Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:699-710. [PMID: 33814428 PMCID: PMC8203242 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larger, more active social networks are estimated to be associated with lower risks of cognitive decline. However, roles of various social relationships in a broad social network in protecting against cognitive decline remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate how social roles within a social network and number of social network members are associated with cognitive decline. METHODS Six waves of National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011-2016, NHATS) were utilized to examine the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and probable dementia determined using validated criteria. Multivariable-adjusted multi-state survival models were used to model incidences and transitions, jointly with misclassification errors. RESULTS A total of 6,078 eligible NHATS participants were included (average age: 77.49±7.79 years; female: 58.42%; non-Hispanic white: 68.99%). Multivariable-adjusted analyses revealed that having more social network members was associated with lower hazards of conversion from MCI to probable dementia (adjusted Hazard Ratio; aHR = 0.82; 95%confidence intervals; 95%CI = [0.67-0.99]), meanwhile having at least one college-educated family member within a social network was associated with lower incidence of probable dementia (aHR = 0.37 [0.26-0.51]). Having at least one friend within a social network was associated with a lower hazard of incidence of probable dementia (aHR = 0.48 [0.33-0.71]), but a higher risk of mortality in the MCI group (aHR = 2.58 [1.47-4.51]). CONCLUSION Having more social network members, having at least one friend, and having at least one college-educated family member within a social network, were associated with lower risks of incidence of dementia or conversion from MCI to dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ginny Natale
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sean Clouston
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Koohsari MJ, McCormack GR, Nakaya T, Shibata A, Ishii K, Yasunaga A, Liao Y, Oka K. Walking-friendly built environments and objectively measured physical function in older adults. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:651-656. [PMID: 33308816 PMCID: PMC7749248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults' physical function. Especially, it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical function in Asian cities. The aim of this study was to examine associations between objectively measured environmental attributes of walkability and objectively assessed physical function in a sample of Japanese older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data collected in 2013 from 314 older residents (aged 65-84 years) living in Japan were used. Physical function was estimated from objectively measured upper- and lower-body function, mobility, and balance by a trained research team member. A comprehensive list of built-environment attributes, including population density, availability of destinations, intersection density, and distance to the nearest public transport station, were objectively calculated. Walk Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability was also obtained. RESULTS Among men, higher population density, availability of destinations, and intersection density were significantly associated with better physical function performance (1-legged stance with eyes open). Higher Walk Score was also marginally associated with better physical function performance (1-legged stance with eyes open). None of the environmental attributes were associated with physical function in elderly women. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that environmental attributes of walkability are associated with the physical function of elderly men in the context of Asia. Walking-friendly neighborhoods can not only promote older adults' active behaviors but can also support their physical function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan; Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada; School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| | - Akitomo Yasunaga
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Bunka Gakuen University, Tokyo 151-8523, Japan
| | - Yung Liao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Al-Qahtani AM. Health Status and Functional Abilities of Elderly Males Visiting Primary Health-care Centers in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2129-2143. [PMID: 33204078 PMCID: PMC7666992 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s274318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is an aging population all over the world, and Saudi Arabia is no exception to it. An aging population poses several challenges to the health-care sector. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the health status and functional abilities of elderly people visiting primary health-care centers in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study involved elderly male Saudi nationals aged 60 years and above. Self-rated health status and body pain, functional status, geriatric review of systems and other relevant data were collected using the Geriatric Health Questionnaire of University of Iowa Health Care. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21. Results The study results showed that the overall health of the elderly was either good (32.9%) or very good (32.3%), while 14.2% rated their health as excellent. Only two participants rated their health as poor. The majority of the participants (71.9%) had no functional impairment in basic activities of daily living (BADL), while 35.7% had mild impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Only two participants were found to have total impairment in IADL. The most common limitation among BADL was walking (21.1%) and among IADL was doing the housework. The notable factors associated with functional impairment in BADL and IADL were old age (≥80 years), poor eyesight, memory impairment, having trouble with control of bladder, falls twice or more, taking more than two medications, being sexually inactive, poor self-rated general health and severe self-rated body pain (all P<0.05) among others. Conclusion The majority of the elderly were able to perform BADL independently and to a lesser extent IADL; the overall self-rated general health was found to be good. Further research in the field of geriatrics is warranted to plan better, and design public health policies and provide efficient care to elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Awad Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Acceptance and Influencing Factors of Social Virtual Reality in the Urban Elderly. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12229345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the stage of aging society and population aging, the social needs of the elderly are widely discussed by researchers. Especially driven by the demand of tele-medical treatment and tele-rehabilitation therapy, it is vital for the elderly to integrate into virtual communities by combining social virtual reality (VR) with different medical services and entertainment needs. In addition, affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, it is more difficult for people to have face-to-face contacts. With more remote consultation, entertainment and virtual social connectivity, the application of social VR is more urgent and valuable. However, there is little discussion on the acceptability and influencing factors of social VR among the elderly at present. Therefore, in order to get further data, we used (1) early stage semi-structured interviews and then (2) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) questionnaires for investigation. One hundred fourteen elderly people aged 60–89 living in the metropolitan area of Taipei were taken as the subjects. To help them understand the situation and state of using social VR, these elderly people were asked to use a head-mounted display (HMD) to experience social VR games. The preliminary results showed that the elderly had obvious preference for entertainment (32.4%) and medical treatment (31.3%). The interview showed that this was related to the physiological condition or medical needs of the age range. In order to further understand how social VR would affect the social life of the elderly, we proposed the further demand structure of UTAUT Model based on the interview of both experts and the elderly. The model structures include (1) Performance Expectancy, (2) Perceived Enjoyment, (3) Social Influence, (4) User Attitude, (5) Behavioral Intention, and so on. These structures were applied to conduct interviews and questionnaires to find out the influence extent and relevance of the elderly on different structural needs, and suggestions were given accordingly. The results of the above interviews showed that (1) the elderly thought that the functions of entertaining and interacting of social VR could increase their social opportunities, and also meet medical needs (teleconference, cognitive decline, etc.), (2) the closeness of social relations (between family members, friends, doctors, and places), and also affect the relevance of Perceived Enjoyment (β = 0.77, p = 0.000 < 0.05). The results of these phenomena and interviews showed the interplay between the demand structures and their special relevance. They also indicated that as to social VR technologies, various demands and functional issues of the elderly need to be considered, and these demands would appear in the subtle usage, and different social VR interfaces and functions would emerge based on their special living ways and physical and psychological demands.
Collapse
|
47
|
Koyama Y, Fujiwara T, Isumi A, Doi S. Degree of influence in class modifies the association between social network diversity and well-being: Results from a large population-based study in Japan. Soc Sci Med 2020; 260:113170. [PMID: 32712555 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social network diversity can be associated with physical and mental health among adolescents, which might be modified by their perceived degree of influence in class. We aimed to examine the association between social network diversity and physical and mental health, and to elucidate its effect modification by perceived degree of influence in class. METHODS Data were obtained from the Kochi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (K-CHILD) study in 2016, which targeted 5th, 8th and 11th grade children living in Kochi Prefecture in Japan (N = 9998). Social network diversity accounted for the number of social roles in which adolescents had regular contact. Degree of influence in class, depression (using Depression Self-Rating Scale for children (DSRS)) and self-rated health were assessed by children, and behavior problem and prosocial behavior (using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)) was assessed by caregivers. RESULTS Significant association of social network diversity with depression (Coefficient (B) = -0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.68 to -0.50), self-rated health (B = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.11), behavior problem (B = -0.71, 95% CI = -0.82 to -0.61) and prosocial behavior (B = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.11) were found. The association with depression and self-rated health was stronger among children with perceived low degree of influence (both p for interaction < 0.001). A similar trend was observed for behavior problem (p for interaction = 0.053), but effect modification was not found for the association between social network diversity and prosocial behavior. CONCLUSIONS Social network diversity was beneficial for adolescent physical and mental health, especially for children with perceived lower degree of influence in class.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Koyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan.
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Satomi Doi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lu J, Yu Z, Zhang X, Wu M, Lin S, Zhu Y, Xu Z, You L, Wei F, Tang M, Jin M, Wang J, Chen K. Association between social health status and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elderly in Zhejiang. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:110. [PMID: 32345322 PMCID: PMC7189640 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Population aging is an inevitable trend and previous studies have showed the relationship between social health related factors and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in the elderly. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of social health status with HR-QOL among community-dwelling elderly in Zhejiang. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on community-dwelling elderly individuals from July 2018 to September 2018 in Zhejiang, China. HR-QOL was measured by the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). Social health status was estimated by the long-form of the Social Health Scale for the Elderly (SHSE-L) and classified into three categories (poor, moderate and good). Multivariable linear regression models were conducted to evaluate the association between social health status and HR-QOL (PCS, MCS and SF-12 total score). Results A total of 2952 elderly participants were included in this study. The mean age was 70.68 ± 7.75 years (mean ± SD); of the eligible participants, more than half (50.4%) were females; the mean scores were 48.10 ± 8.49, 47.70 ± 7.09 and 47.90 ± 5.86 for PCS, MCS and SF-12 total score, separately. Results from the multivariable models showed that social health status was positively related to HR-QOL after adjusting for covariates. Compared with individuals with a poor social health status, those who had a moderate or good social health status were more likely to report better HR-QOL (for moderate social health status: β = 1.90(95%CI: 1.09, 2.71) for PCS, β = 1.78(1.08, 2.48) for MCS, β = 1.84(1.29, 2.39) for SF-12 total score; for good social health status: β = 3.29(2.24, 4.34) for PCS, β = 3.10(2.12, 4.01) for MCS, β = 3.20(2.48, 3.91) for SF-12 total score). Conclusion In our study, we found that social health status was positively associated with HR-QOL among the elderly in Zhejiang. Our findings could provide valuable information for decision-makers to develop interventions to improve the HR-QOL of the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhebin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaocong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujuan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zenghao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuqing You
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, the Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cancer Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sakurai R, Kawai H, Suzuki H, Kim H, Watanabe Y, Hirano H, Ihara K, Obuchi S, Fujiwara Y. Poor Social Network, Not Living Alone, Is Associated With Incidence of Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20:1438-1443. [PMID: 31000349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although it has been suggested that living alone is a "social risk factor" for adverse health outcomes, poor social network may confound the association. This study aimed to examine whether the interactive effects of living alone and poor social network contribute to adverse health outcomes. DESIGN A 4-year prospective observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Four hundred community-dwelling older adults living in Itabashi ward, an urban community in Tokyo. They participated in a health checkup (held in 2015 and 2017) and completed all the assessments. METHODS Participants were classified into 4 groups according to their living arrangements (living alone or not living alone) and social network size, which was assessed using an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale-6. Poor social network was defined as the lowest quartile (4th quartile) of the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 score. Adverse health outcomes including disabilities, depressive symptoms, and physical and cognitive functions were measured. RESULTS Multiple and logistic regression models, adjusted for covariates such as financial status and educational level, showed that living alone and having a poor social network at baseline were significantly associated with increased depression symptoms, reduced grip strength, and disabilities of intellectual activity and social role at follow-up. Furthermore, older adults who did not live alone but had poor social networks showed significantly higher odds of subsequent homebound status and disability in activities of daily living. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We found that living alone among older adults is not always a social risk factor for health, and adverse health outcomes among older adults living alone may be confounded by poor social network. Our results also suggest that the effect of poor social network on health status may exceed the effects of living alone. Health professionals must, thus, pay attention to poor social network among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sakurai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki City, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mandelbaum J, Moore S, Silveira PP, Meaney MJ, Levitan RD, Dubé L. Does social capital moderate the association between children's emotional overeating and parental stress? A cross-sectional study of the stress-buffering hypothesis in a sample of mother-child dyads. Soc Sci Med 2018; 257:112082. [PMID: 30587397 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Parental stress has been shown associated with children's eating behaviors. The stress-buffering hypothesis suggests that social resources, i.e., resources accessed via one's social networks, may prevent or attenuate the impact of stress on health. Prior research on the stress-buffering hypothesis has found evidence for the protective effects of social support (emotional, instrumental, or informational resources available in a person's life); less is known about social capital (resources available through one's social networks) as a stress buffer. Further, these studies have often examined the association between a person's direct access to social resources and their health; less research has examined whether the benefits of social resources may extend two degrees from parents to their children. Using data from a community-based birth cohort of mother-child dyads, this study examined whether mother's social capital moderated the association between maternal stress and children's emotional overeating (EO). Mothers completed health questionnaires on an annual basis and a one-time social network questionnaire in 2011-2012. EO was measured using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Maternal stress was measured using the 18-item Parental Stress Scale. Social capital was measured using a position generator and based on the number of occupations to which a mother had access. Poisson regression analysis was used. Results showed that mother's social capital moderated the positive association between greater maternal stress and children's EO, such that maternal stress was associated with children's EO in only those mothers with low social capital. This study suggests that social capital may disrupt the transmission of maternal stress from parent to child, thereby playing a potential role in the production and reproduction of health inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mandelbaum
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Spencer Moore
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Patricia P Silveira
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert D Levitan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Laurette Dubé
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill Center for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|