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Freymueller J, Schmid HL, Senkler B, Lopez Lumbi S, Zerbe S, Hornberg C, McCall T. Current methodologies of greenspace exposure and mental health research-a scoping review. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1360134. [PMID: 38510363 PMCID: PMC10951718 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1360134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Greenspaces can provide an important resource for human mental health. A growing body of literature investigates the interaction and the influence of diverse greenspace exposures. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the complex connection between greenspace and mental health, a variety of perspectives and methodological combinations are needed. The aim of this review is to assess the current methodologies researching greenspace and mental health. Methods A scoping review was conducted. Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science) were searched for relevant studies. A wide range of greenspace and mental health keywords were included to provide a comprehensive representation of the body of research. Relevant information on publication characteristics, types of greenspaces, mental health outcomes, and measurements of greenspace exposure and mental health was extracted and assessed. Results 338 studies were included. The included studies encompassed a multitude of methods, as well as outcomes for both greenspace and mental health. 28 combinations were found between seven categories each for greenspace and mental health assessment. Some pairings such as geoinformation systems for greenspace assessment and questionnaires investigating mental health were used much more frequently than others, implying possible research gaps. Furthermore, we identified problems and inconsistences in reporting of greenspace types and mental health outcomes. Discussion The identified methodological variety is a potential for researching the complex connections between greenspace and mental health. Commonly used combinations can provide important insights. However, future research needs to emphasize other perspectives in order to understand how to create living environments with mental health benefits. For this purpose, interdisciplinary research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Freymueller
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hannah-Lea Schmid
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ben Senkler
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Susanne Lopez Lumbi
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stefan Zerbe
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Geography, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Hornberg
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Timothy McCall
- Medical School OWL, Department of Sustainable Environmental Health Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- School of Public Health, Department of Environment and Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Finlay J, Westrick AC, Guzman V, Meltzer G. Neighborhood Built Environments and Health in Later Life: A Literature Review. J Aging Health 2023:8982643231217776. [PMID: 37994863 PMCID: PMC11111591 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231217776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This literature review aims to assess the current state of the field linking neighborhood environments to later-life health and wellbeing. Methods: We used electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest) to search for studies published between 2010 and 2022 examining associations between neighborhood built environmental variables and later-life physical, cognitive, mental, and social health outcomes. Results: Among 168 studies reviewed, the majority were quantitative (n = 144) and cross-sectional (n = 122). Neighborhood environmental variables significantly associated with later-life health outcomes included population density/rurality, walkability/street connectivity, access to services and amenities, neighborhood quality and disorder, and parks/green/blue/open space. Neighborhoods operated through behavioral and biological pathways including hazardous exposures, affective states (e.g., stress and restoration), and lifestyle (e.g., exercise, socialization, and diet). Discussion: Neighborhoods and healthy aging research is a burgeoning interdisciplinary and international area of scholarship. Findings can inform upstream community interventions and strengthen clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Finlay
- Department of Geography, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Social Environment and Health Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ashly C. Westrick
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Viveka Guzman
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gabriella Meltzer
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
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Sui Y, Ettema D, Helbich M. Changes in neighborhood physical and social environments matter for change in mental health: Longitudinal evidence from Dutch panel data. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122540. [PMID: 37709125 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Numerous neighborhood environments have been recognized to affect mental health, but only a few longitudinal studies investigated these associations jointly and whether different population groups are affected differently. We used three-wave panel data of 2699 adults between 2010 and 2016 in the Netherlands to assess the associations between changes in neighborhood physical and social environments and mental health changes. Further, we assessed possible effect modification of gender and income. Mental health was measured using the Mental Health Inventory. Time-varying exposure to green space, blue space, population density, air pollution, socioeconomic deprivation, and social fragmentation were assigned based on individuals' neighborhood histories. Fixed-effect regressions were conducted to assess within-person associations between single and multiple exposures on mental health for the entire sample and stratified by gender and income. Our single-exposure models showed that increases in blue space were significantly associated with mental health improvements, while increases in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) resulted in declines in mental health. These associations were not attenuated in the multi-exposure model. We observed no significant associations for the remaining environments. Stratification analyses showed that females' mental health further declined as PM2.5 concentrations increased compared to males. Increasing levels of socioeconomic deprivation were associated with further declines in mental health among the less well-off compared with higher-income earners. Our longitudinal findings suggested that neighborhood physical and social environment changes were associated with mental health changes. Future research is required to establish the underlying pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Sui
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands.
| | - Dick Ettema
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Helbich
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands
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Glavas A, Büssing A, Baumann K. Inner Peace needs of male psychiatric patients in post-war Croatia are associated with their needs to clarify open issues in their life and their needs for forgiveness. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1095835. [PMID: 37790711 PMCID: PMC10544972 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1095835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background More than 25 years after the end of the Balkan war, many people belonging to the post-war population are still traumatized by the war events and have been treated for post-traumatic stress disorder or other psychiatric diagnoses. We were interested in their Inner Peace needs, how these relate to indicators of mental health, and their needs to clarify open processes in their lives and to forgive and be forgiven. Materials and methods In a cross-sectional survey with standardized questionnaires (i.e., SpNQ, PCL-M, HADS, and BMLSS), 638 male patients who were treated in seven psychiatric centers in Croatia were enrolled. 68% were diagnosed with PTSD and 32% had other psychiatric diagnoses. Most had actively participated in the Balkan war (79%), and 60% for the whole war period. Results Strong needs to "immerse into beauty of nature" were stated by 47%, to "dwell at a place of quietness and peace" by 66%, and to "find inner peace" by 57%. These Inner Peace needs were highest in men treated with PTSD diagnoses as compared to men with other psychiatric diagnoses and were slightly lower in men who were active during the whole war period as compared to shorter phases of war participation. Regression analyses with Inner Peace needs as a dependent variable revealed that Clarification/Forgiveness needs were the best predictor, with further influences of PTSD symptoms and life satisfaction, explaining altogether 49% of the variance. The best predictors of their PTSD symptoms were life satisfaction, perceived burden, depressive symptoms, Inner Peace needs, religious trust, and duration of war participation, explaining 60% of the variance. Conclusion In Croatian male war participants in clinical treatment decades after the war, Inner Peace needs indicate their ongoing intention to let go of their disturbing experiences and to find states of inner peace, particularly at specific places of quietness and peace. These needs can be considered metaphors for longing for wholeness, integrity, and safety, in contrast to the ongoing impact of unresolved issues. Thus, apart from psychotherapeutic treatment, sheltered places of nature, inspiration, and reconciliation might be elements to improve the difficult situation of post-war victims still suffering from their experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrijana Glavas
- Caritas Science and Christian Social Work, Faculty of Theology, Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Arndt Büssing
- Professorship Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Klaus Baumann
- Caritas Science and Christian Social Work, Faculty of Theology, Albert-Ludwig-University, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Yang W, Yang R, Li X. A Canonical Correlation Analysis Study on the Association Between Neighborhood Green Space and Residents' Mental Health. J Urban Health 2023; 100:696-710. [PMID: 37535303 PMCID: PMC10447345 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Based on survey data conducted in Guangzhou in 2021, this study employs canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to evaluate the relationship between neighborhood green space, residents' green space use behavior, and their mental health. The results show that compared with the objectively measured accessibility, residents' subjective perceived accessibility of neighborhood green space plays a greater role in promoting green space use behavior and mental health. Meanwhile, the plant diversity, safety, and the number of recreational facilities in a green space can promote the frequency of green space use, improve residents' mental health status and reduce their perceived stress. Although perceived accessibility is more related to green space use behavior than green space quality indicators, green space safety and recreational facilities have many more benefits on mental health than perceived accessibility. In addition, residents' green space use behavior, especially green space visit frequency, can promote mental health and reduce perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Yang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ruyu Yang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Boderie NW, van Kippersluis H, Been JV, van Lenthe FJ, Oude Groeniger J. Examining neighborhood effects on mental health utilizing a novel two-stage modeling approach. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 83:60-70.e7. [PMID: 37100099 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neighborhood conditions may affect health, but health may also determine a preference for where to live. This study estimates the effect of neighborhood characteristics on mental health while aiming to adjust for this residential self-selection. METHODS A two-step method was implemented using register data from Statistics Netherlands from all residents of the city of Rotterdam relocating within the city in 2013 (N = 12,456). First, using a conditional logit model, we estimated for each individual the probability of relocating to a neighborhood over all other neighborhoods in Rotterdam, based on personal and neighborhood characteristics in 2013. Second, we corrected this selection process in a model investigating the effects of neighborhood characteristics in 2014 on reimbursed anti-depressant or anti-psychotic medication in 2016. RESULTS Personal and neighborhood characteristics predicted neighborhood choice, indicating strong patterns of selection into neighborhoods. Unadjusted for selection log neighborhood income was associated with reimbursed medication (β = -0.040, 95% CI = -0.060, -0.020), but the association strongly attenuated after controlling for self-selection into neighborhoods (β = -0.010, 95% CI = -0.030, 0.011). The opposite was observed for contact with neighbors; unadjusted for self-selection there was no association (β = -0.020, 95% CI = -0.073, 0.033), but after adjustment increased neighborhood contact was associated with an 8.5% relative reduction in reimbursed medication (β = -0.075, 95% CI = -0.126, -0.025). CONCLUSIONS The method illustrated in this study offers new opportunities to disentangle selection from causation in neighborhood health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke W Boderie
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Kippersluis
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands; Tinbergen Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper V Been
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Oude Groeniger
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands; Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, South Holland, The Netherlands.
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Wende ME, Lohman MC, Friedman DB, McLain AC, LaMonte MJ, Whitsel EA, Shadyab AH, Garcia L, Chrisinger BW, Pan K, Bird CE, Sarto GE, Kaczynski AT. Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, Green Space, and Walkability and Risk for Falls Among Postmenopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative. Womens Health Issues 2023; 33:443-458. [PMID: 37149415 PMCID: PMC10330171 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study estimated associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES), walkability, green space, and incident falls among postmenopausal women and evaluated modifiers of these associations, including study arm, race and ethnicity, baseline household income, baseline walking, age at enrollment, baseline low physical functioning, baseline fall history, climate region, and urban-rural residence. METHODS The Women's Health Initiative recruited a national sample of postmenopausal women (50-79 years) across 40 U.S. clinical centers and conducted yearly assessments from 1993 to 2005 (n = 161,808). Women reporting a history of hip fracture or walking limitations were excluded, yielding a final sample of 157,583 participants. Falling was reported annually. NSES (income/wealth, education, occupation), walkability (population density, diversity of land cover, nearby high-traffic roadways), and green space (exposure to vegetation) were calculated annually and categorized into tertiles (low, intermediate, high). Generalized estimating equations assessed longitudinal relationships. RESULTS NSES was associated with falling before adjustment (high vs. low, odds ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.01). Walkability was significantly associated with falls after adjustment (high vs. low, odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-0.99). Green space was not associated with falling before or after adjustment. Study arm, race and ethnicity, household income, age, low physical functioning, fall history, and climate region modified the relationship between NSES and falling. Race and ethnicity, age, fall history, and climate region modified relationships between walkability and green space and falling. CONCLUSIONS Our results did not show strong associations of NSES, walkability, or green space with falling. Future research should incorporate granular environmental measures that may directly relate to physical activity and outdoor engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn E Wende
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Matthew C Lohman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Alexander C McLain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Michael J LaMonte
- Deparment of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Benjamin W Chrisinger
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, Division of Social Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathy Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Downey Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente, Downey, California
| | - Chloe E Bird
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California; Center for Health Equity Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gloria E Sarto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Ioannou E, Chen HL, Bromley V, Fosker S, Ali K, Fernando A, Mensah E, Fowler-Davis S. The key values and factors identified by older adults to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour using co-production approaches: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:371. [PMID: 37328734 PMCID: PMC10276377 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inactivity and sedentary behaviour in older adults adversely impacts physical function, reduces social networks, and could contribute to population healthcare costs. To encourage and support the planning and uptake of physical activity by older adults, it is important to understand what physical activity means to older adults. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to collate what older adults have self-identified as the key factors for sustaining and increasing their physical activities. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's Scoping Review framework was used to guide the review process. SCOPUS, ASSIA, PsychINFO and MEDLINE databases were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed, the target population were older adults (aged 55 and above), co-production related research approaches were explicitly stated in the methods and there was a focus on design of physical activity interventions or products to support or enhance physical activity. Assets and values important for physical activity were first extracted from included studies and were subsequently thematically analysed. Themes are presented to provide an overview of the literature synthesis. RESULTS Sixteen papers were included in the analysis. Data from these papers were gathered via designing interventions or services (n = 8), products (n = 2), 'exergames' (n = 2) or mobile applications (n = 4). Outcomes were varied but common themes emerged across papers. Overarching themes identified by older adults were associated with a desire to increase activity when it was accessible, motivational, and safe. In addition, older adults want to enjoy their activities, want independence and representation, want to stay connected with families and friends, be outdoors, familiarity, activities to be tailored and resulting in measurable/observed progress. CONCLUSIONS Population demographics, personal attributes, and life experiences all affect preferences for physical activity. However, the key factors identified by older adults for increasing physical activity were common-even in separate co-production contexts. To promote physical activities in older adults, activities must fundamentally feel safe, provide a sense of social connectedness, be enjoyable and be accessible in terms of cost and ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysa Ioannou
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre (SPARC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Henglien Lisa Chen
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Vicky Bromley
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Sam Fosker
- Royal London Hospital, London; Founder, Cush Health, London, UK
| | - Khalid Ali
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Avanka Fernando
- University of Sussex (Social Work and Social Care), Brighton and Hove, UK
| | - Ekow Mensah
- University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally Fowler-Davis
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre (AWRC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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Wu X, Shen YS, Cui S. Global Trends in Green Space and Senior Mental Health Studies: Bibliometric Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1316. [PMID: 36674070 PMCID: PMC9858913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization have prioritized senior mental health as an important goal. Senior mental health is a critical issue within the global public health sphere. Notably, green spaces are a useful alternative for improving senior mental health. Many studies have focused on green space and senior mental health, especially on their connection and relationship. However, this research topic lacks a comprehensive and systematic review. Owing to the lack of critical reviews, this study clarified the trend, progress, status, and focus of studies on green spaces and senior mental health using bibliometric analysis of literature within the Web of Science database. The literature analysis within this study specifically focused on the following, including the country/region contribution analysis, institution contribution analysis, keyword analysis, and highly productive journal analysis. Furthermore, this study systematically recorded the content of green space and senior mental health, identified the gap that exists, and provided future frontier directions or issues for research. These contribute toward comprehending the progress and content of this research topic and further provide a guide, reference, and inspiration for possible future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialu Wu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Shen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Baloch QB, Shah SN, Iqbal N, Sheeraz M, Asadullah M, Mahar S, Khan AU. Impact of tourism development upon environmental sustainability: a suggested framework for sustainable ecotourism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:5917-5930. [PMID: 35984561 PMCID: PMC9389488 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The empirical research investigated the relationship between tourism development and environmental suitability to propose a framework for sustainable ecotourism. The framework suggested a balance between business and environmental interests in maintaining an ecological system with the moderating help of government support and policy interventions. The study population encompasses tourism stakeholders, including tourists, representatives from local communities, members of civil administration, hoteliers, and tour operators serving the areas. A total of 650 questionnaires were distributed to respondents, along with a brief description of key study variables to develop a better understanding. After verifying the instrument's reliability and validity, data analysis was conducted via hierarchical regression. The study findings revealed that a substantial number of people perceive socio-economic benefits, including employment and business openings, infrastructure development from tourism development, and growth. However, the state of the natural and environmental capital was found to be gradually degrading. Alongside the social environment, social vulnerability is reported due to the overutilization of land, intrusion from external cultures, and pollution in air and water due to traffic congestion, accumulation of solid waste, sewage, and carbon emissions. The study suggested a model framework for the development of sustained ecotourism, including supportive government policy interventions to ensure effective conservation of environmental and natural resources without compromising the economic viability and social well-beings of the locals. Furthermore, the variables and the constructs researched can be replicated to other destinations to seek valuable inputs for sustainable destination management elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadeem Iqbal
- Air University School of Management, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sheeraz
- Department of Commerce, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Sui Y, Ettema D, Helbich M. Longitudinal associations between the neighborhood social, natural, and built environment and mental health: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Health Place 2022; 77:102893. [PMID: 35988452 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review aimed to assess the longitudinal associations between neighborhood social, natural, and built environments, and multiple mental health outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, common mental disorder, and pooled mental disorders). Of 6,785 records retrieved, 30 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Meta-analytical results primarily obtained from developed country studies showed that composite neighborhood socioeconomic status was negatively associated with depression (p = 0.007) and pooled mental disorders (p = 0.002), while neighborhood urbanicity was positively associated with depression (p = 0.012) and pooled mental disorders (p = 0.005). Future longitudinal studies with similar designs and standardized exposure assessments are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Sui
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands.
| | - Dick Ettema
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Helbich
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CB, the Netherlands
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Gonzales-Inca C, Pentti J, Stenholm S, Suominen S, Vahtera J, Käyhkö N. Residential greenness and risks of depression: Longitudinal associations with different greenness indicators and spatial scales in a Finnish population cohort. Health Place 2022; 74:102760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Use of Geographic Information Systems to Explore Associations between Neighborhood Attributes and Mental Health Outcomes in Adults: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168597. [PMID: 34444345 PMCID: PMC8393279 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neighborhood attributes are increasingly recognized as factors shaping mental health in adults. Geographic information systems (GIS) offer an innovative approach for quantifying neighborhood attributes and studying their influence on mental health outcomes. Our aim was to describe GIS applications used in neighborhood-related mental health research and how neighborhood attributes are related to depressive symptoms or psychological distress in community-residing adults. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies published in English that included GIS techniques and a validated questionnaire of depressive symptoms or psychological distress. Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, GEOBASE, and Compedex were searched to June 2020. Study quality was assessed by a modification of the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Checklist for Analytical Cross-sectional Studies. Results: Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies varied in definitions of neighborhood and GIS-derived measurements of neighborhood attributes. Neighborhood attributes were significantly associated with mental health outcomes, although findings were not consistent. Moderating factors (e.g., gender, living conditions) significantly influenced depressive symptoms or psychological distress. Conclusion: Neighborhood attributes are important factors influencing mental health in adults. Consensus may be needed on how to standardize the neighborhood unit or GIS-derived measures of neighborhoods in order to explain depression or psychological distress in diverse adult populations.
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14
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Timmermans EJ, Visser M, Wagtendonk AJ, Noordzij JM, Lakerveld J. Associations of changes in neighbourhood walkability with changes in walking activity in older adults: a fixed effects analysis. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1323. [PMID: 34225681 PMCID: PMC8259368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Supporting older adults to engage in physically active lifestyles requires supporting environments. Walkable environments may increase walking activity in older adults, but evidence for this subgroup is scarce, and longitudinal studies are lacking. This study therefore examined whether changes in neighbourhood walkability were associated with changes in walking activity in older adults, and whether this association differed by individual-level characteristics and by contextual conditions beyond the built environment. Methods Data from 668 participants (57.8–93.4 years at baseline) across three waves (2005/06, 2008/09 and 2011/12) of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were used. These individuals did not relocate during follow-up. Self-reported outdoor walking activity in minutes per week was assessed using the LASA Physical Activity Questionnaire. Composite exposure measures of neighbourhood walkability (range: 0 (low)-100 (high)) within 500-m Euclidean buffer zones around each participant’s residential address were constructed by combining objectively measured high-resolution Geographic Information System data on population density, retail and service destination density, land use mix, street connectivity, green space density, and sidewalk density. Fixed effects linear regression analyses were applied, adjusted for relevant time-varying confounders. Results Changes in neighbourhood walkability were not statistically significantly associated with changes in walking activity in older adults (β500m = − 0.99, 95% CI = -6.17–4.20). The association of changes in neighbourhood walkability with changes in walking activity did not differ by any of the individual-level characteristics (i.e., age, sex, educational level, cognitive impairment, mobility disability, and season) and area-level characteristics (i.e., road traffic noise, air pollution, and socioeconomic status). Conclusions This study did not show evidence for an association between changes in neighbourhood walkability and changes in walking activity in older adults. If neighbourhood walkability and walking activity are causally linked, then changes in neighbourhood walkability between 2005/06 and 2011/12 might have been not substantial enough to produce meaningful changes in walking activity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Timmermans
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alfred J Wagtendonk
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Upstream Team, www.upstreamteam.nl, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Mark Noordzij
- Mulier Institute, Herculesplein 269, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Upstream Team, www.upstreamteam.nl, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Tarkiainen L, Moustgaard H, Korhonen K, Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Van Lenthe FJ, Burstrom B, Martikainen P. Association between neighbourhood characteristics and antidepressant use at older ages: a register-based study of urban areas in three European countries. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:426-432. [PMID: 32563994 PMCID: PMC8053343 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research evidence on the association between neighbourhood characteristics and individual mental health at older ages is inconsistent, possibly due to heterogeneity in the measurement of mental-health outcomes, neighbourhood characteristics and confounders. Register-based data enabled us to avoid these problems in this longitudinal study on the associations between socioeconomic and physical neighbourhood characteristics and individual antidepressant use in three national contexts. METHODS We used register-based longitudinal data on the population aged 50+ from Turin (Italy), Stockholm (Sweden), and the nine largest cities in Finland linked to satellite-based land-cover data. This included individual-level information on sociodemographic factors and antidepressant use, and on neighbourhood socioeconomic characteristics, levels of urbanicity, green space and land-use mix (LUM). We assessed individual-level antidepressant use over 6 years in 2001-2017 using mixed-effects logistic regression. RESULTS A higher neighbourhood proportion of low-educated individuals predicted lower odds for antidepressant use in Turin and Stockholm when individual-level sociodemographic factors were controlled for. Urbanicity predicted increased antidepressant use in Stockholm (OR=1.02; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03) together with more LUM (OR=1.03; 1.01-1.05) and population density (OR=1.08; 1.05-1.10). The two latter characteristics also predicted increased antidepressant use in the Finnish cities (OR=1.05; 1.02-1.08 and OR=1.14; 1.02-1.28, respectively). After accounting for all studied neighbourhood and individual characteristics of the residents, the neighbourhoods still varied by odds of antidepressant use. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the associations of neighbourhood socioeconomic and physical characteristics with older people's antidepressant use were small and inconsistent. However, we found modest evidence that dense physical urban environments predicted higher antidepressant use among older people in Stockholm and the Finnish cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Tarkiainen
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki Faculty of Social Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heta Moustgaard
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki Faculty of Social Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaarina Korhonen
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki Faculty of Social Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Mark Noordzij
- Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Frank J Van Lenthe
- Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bo Burstrom
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki Faculty of Social Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Max-Planck-Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Virtual Reality Representations of Nature to Improve Well-Being amongst Older Adults: a Rapid Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:464-485. [PMID: 33688575 PMCID: PMC7934124 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-021-00195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Poor well-being amongst older adults poses a serious health concern. Simultaneously, research shows that contact with nature can improve various facets of well-being, including physical, social, and mental well-being. However, nature is not always accessible for older adults due to mobility restrictions and related care needs that come with age. A promising strategy aims at bringing nature inside through pervasive technologies. However, so far, there is little academic understanding of essential nature characteristics, psychological processes involved, and means for implementation in practice. The current study used a three-folded rapid review to assess current understanding and strategies used for improving well-being for older adults through virtual reality representations of nature. Searches were performed across three databases, followed-up by content-based evaluation of abstracts. In total, a set of 25 relevant articles was identified. Only three studies specifically focus on digital nature as an intervention strategy for improving well-being amongst older adults. Although these studies provide useful starting points for the design and (technological) development of such environments, they do not generate understanding of how specific characteristics of virtual nature representations impact social well-being measures in particular, and of the underlying psychological processes involved. We conclude that follow-up research is warranted to close the gap between insights and findings from nature research, gerontology, health research, and human-technology interaction.
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17
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Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Groeniger JO, Timmermans EJ, Motoc I, Huisman M, van Lenthe FJ. Land use mix and physical activity in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study examining changes in land use mix in two Dutch cohorts. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:29. [PMID: 33588882 PMCID: PMC7885364 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With urbanization and aging increasing in coming decades, societies face the challenge of keeping aging populations active. Land use mix (LUM) has been associated with cycling and walking, but whether changes in LUM relate to changes in cycling/walking is less known. Objectives Our objective was to study the effect of LUM on cycling/walking in two Dutch aging cohorts using data with 10 years of follow-up. Methods Data from 1183 respondents from the Health and Living Conditions of the Population of Eindhoven and Surroundings (GLOBE) study and 918 respondents from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were linked to LUM in 1000-m sausage network buffers at three time-points. Cycling/walking outcomes were harmonized to include average minutes spent cycling/walking per week. Data was pooled and limited to respondents that did not relocate between follow-up waves. Associations between LUM and cycling/walking were estimated using a Random Effects Within-Between (REWB) model that allows for the estimation of both within and between effects. Sensitivity analyses were performed on smaller (500-m) and larger (1600-m) buffers. Results We found evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in 1000-m buffers and walking (β: 11.10, 95% CI: 0.08; 21.12), but no evidence of within-associations in 1000-m buffers. Sensitivity analyses using 500-m buffers showed similar between-associations, but negative within-associations (β: -35.67, 95% CI: − 68.85; − 2.49). We did not find evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in any buffer size and cycling, but did find evidence of negative within-associations between LUM in 1600-m buffers and cycling (β: -7.49, 95% CI: − 14.31; − 0.66). Discussion Our study found evidence of positive associations between LUM and average walking time, but also some evidence of negative associations between a change in LUM and cycling/walking. LUM appears to be related to cycling/walking, but the effect of changes in LUM on cycling/walking is unclear. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01083-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Noordzij
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P. O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.
| | - M A Beenackers
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P. O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - J Oude Groeniger
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P. O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E J Timmermans
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Motoc
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P. O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Noordzij JM, Beenackers MA, Oude Groeniger J, Timmermans E, Chaix B, Doiron D, Huisman M, Motoc I, Ruiz M, Wissa R, Avendano M, van Lenthe FJ. Green spaces, subjective health and depressed affect in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-country comparison of four European cohorts. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:470-476. [PMID: 33500323 PMCID: PMC8053337 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Studies on associations between urban green space and mental health have yielded mixed results. This study examines associations of green space exposures with subjective health and depressed affect of middle-aged and older adults in four European cohorts. Methods Data came from four Western-European and Central-European ageing cohorts harmonised as part of the Mindmap project, comprising 16 189 adults with an average age of 50–71 years. Green space exposure was based on the distance to the nearest green space and the amount of green space within 800 m buffers around residential addresses. Cohort-specific and one-step individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses were used to examine associations of green space exposures with subjective health and depressed affect. Results The amount of green spaces within 800 m buffers was lowest for Residential Environment and CORonary heart Disease (Paris, 15.0 hectares) and highest for Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, 35.9 hectares). IPD analyses indicated no evidence of an association between the distance to the nearest green space and depressed affect (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00) or good self-rated health (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.02). Likewise, the amount of green space within 800 m buffers did not predict depressed affect (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.00) or good self-rated health (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.02). Findings were consistent across all cohorts. Conclusions Data from four European ageing cohorts provide no support for the hypothesis that green space exposure is associated with subjective health or depressed affect. While longitudinal evidence is required, these findings suggest that green space may be less important for older urban residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mark Noordzij
- Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Erik Timmermans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Dany Doiron
- Maelstrom Research, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Motoc
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC - VUMC location, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Milagros Ruiz
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rita Wissa
- Maelstrom Research, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mauricio Avendano
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London School of Social Science and Public Policy, London, UK.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Jiang X, Larsen L, Sullivan W. Connections-between Daily Greenness Exposure and Health Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3965. [PMID: 32503258 PMCID: PMC7313084 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A compelling body of research demonstrates that exposure to nature, especially trees, is beneficial to human health. We know little, however, about the extent to which understory vegetation that does not reach the height of trees, impacts human health. An additional gap in our knowledge concerns the extent to which daily variations in exposure to various forms of vegetation are related to human health outcomes. Many previous findings describing such connections were achieved in laboratory settings or through semi-controlled experiments, which do not reflect the dynamic variations of people's daily exposure to nature. Thus, we conducted an online survey to address these questions. We used the National Land Cover Dataset 2011 and Google Street View images to estimate participants' daily exposure to nature, and two standard questionnaires (General Health SF-12 and the Perceived Stress Scale) to assess health. Results show that greater exposure to trees in daily life is associated with better health outcomes. Specifically, higher neighborhood concentrations of tree canopy are related to better physical health, overall health and an increased capacity to control stress. In contrast, the results exploring the health associations of understory vegetation were inconsistent. In most cases, understory vegetation had a negative relationship with stress and mental health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Jiang
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; (L.L.); (W.S.)
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