1
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Wang HR, Zhang Y, Mo YJ, Zhang Z, Chen R, Lu XB, Huang W. Reshaping tumor microenvironment by regulating local cytokines expression with a portable smart blue-light controlled device. Commun Biol 2024; 7:916. [PMID: 39080467 PMCID: PMC11289142 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines have attracted sustained attention due to their multi-functional cellular response in immunotherapy. However, their application was limited to their short half-time, narrow therapeutic window, and undesired side effects. To address this issue, we developed a portable smart blue-light controlled (PSLC) device based on optogenetic technology. By combining this PSLC device with blue-light controlled gene modules, we successfully achieved the targeted regulation of cytokine expression within the tumor microenvironment. To alter the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors, pro-inflammatory cytokines were selected as blue-light controlled molecules. The results show that blue-light effectively regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy leads to enhanced and activated tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which facilitated to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in significant tumor shrinkage in tumor-bearing mice. Hence, our study offers a unique strategy for cytokine therapy and a convenient device for animal studies in optogenetic immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Rong Wang
- LiShizhen College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China.
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Yue Jian Mo
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Bin Lu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Ke C, Huang B, Xiang J, Liang J, Wu G, Qiu M, Cheng K, Mao L, Lei W, Hu Y, Tang X, Tian Y, Chen G, Luo OJ, Zhang H. Secreted clusterin inhibits tumorigenesis by modulating tumor cells and macrophages in human meningioma. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:1262-1279. [PMID: 38416702 PMCID: PMC11226886 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor with a high frequency of postoperative recurrence, yet the biology of the meningioma malignancy process is still obscure. METHODS To identify potential therapeutic targets and tumor suppressors, we performed single-cell transcriptome analysis through meningioma malignancy, which included 18 samples spanning normal meninges, benign and high-grade in situ tumors, and lung metastases, for extensive transcriptome characterization. Tumor suppressor candidate gene and molecular mechanism were functionally validated at the animal model and cellular levels. RESULTS Comprehensive analysis and validation in mice and clinical cohorts indicated clusterin (CLU) had suppressive function for meningioma tumorigenesis and malignancy by inducing mitochondria damage and triggering type 1 interferon pathway dependent on its secreted isoform, and the inhibition effect was enhanced by TNFα as TNFα also induced type 1 interferon pathway. Meanwhile, both intra- and extracellular CLU overexpression enhanced macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype and TNFα production, thus promoting tumor killing and phagocytosis. CONCLUSIONS CLU might be a key brake of meningioma malignance by synchronously modulating tumor cells and their microenvironment. Our work provides comprehensive insights into meningioma malignancy and a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Boya Huang
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Xiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinlian Liang
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangjie Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghui Qiu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lipeng Mao
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogen Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yizhen Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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3
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Cheng CC, Chang J, Ho AS, Sie ZL, Peng CL, Wang CL, Dev K, Chang CC. Tumor-intrinsic IFNα and CXCL10 are critical for immunotherapeutic efficacy by recruiting and activating T lymphocytes in tumor microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:175. [PMID: 38953994 PMCID: PMC11219622 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapies targeting PD-(L)1 exhibit anti-tumor efficacy in only 10-30% of patients with various cancers. Literature has demonstrated that a "hot tumor" which contains high T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment exhibits a better response to immunotherapies than a "cold tumor." This study aimed to investigate whether tumor-intrinsic IFNα and CXCL10 determine the recruitment and activation of CD8+ T cells to become "hot tumor." In this study, we found that CXCL10 overexpressed in a variety of tumors including lung, colon, and liver tumors with a correlation with PD-L1. High PD-L1 and CXCL10 are associated with better survival rates in tumor patients receiving immunotherapies. IFNs-downstream transcriptional factor IRF-1 and STAT1 were correlated with PD-L1 and CXCL10 expression. We demonstrated that IRF-1 and STAT1 were both bound with the promoters of PD-L1 and CXCL10, sharing the same signaling pathway and determining IFNs-mediated PD-L1 and CXCL10 expression. In addition, IFNα significantly increased activation marker IFNγ in PBMCs, promoting M1 type monocyte differentiation, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T cell activation. Particularly, we found that CD8+ T lymphocytes abundantly expressed CXCR3, a receptor of CXCL10, by flow cytometry, indicating that tumor-intrinsic CXCL10 potentially recruited CD8+ T in tumor microenvironment. To demonstrate the hypothesis, immunotherapy-sensitive CT26 and immunotherapy-resistant LL/2 were used and we found that CT26 cells exhibited higher IFNα, IFNγ, CXCL10, and PD-L1 levels compared to LL/2, leading to higher IFNγ expression in mouse splenocytes. Moreover, we found that CD8+ T cells were recruited by CXCL10 in vitro, whereas SCH546738, an inhibitor of CXCR3, inhibited T cell migration and splenocytes-mediated anti-tumor effect. We then confirmed that CT26-derived tumor was sensitive to αPD-L1 immunotherapy and LL/2-tumor was resistant, whereas αPD-L1 significantly increased T lymphocyte activation marker CD107a in CT26-derived BALB/c mice. In conclusion, this study revealed that CXCL10 expression is correlated with PD-L1 in tumors, sharing the same signaling pathway and associating with better immunotherapeutic efficacy. Further evidence in the syngeneic tumor models demonstrated that immunotherapy-sensitive CT26 intrinsically exhibited higher IFNα and CXCL10 compared to immunotherapy-resistant LL/2 to recruit and activate CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment, exhibiting "hot tumor" characteristic of sensitizing αPD-L1 immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chia Cheng
- Research Center of Radiation Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Sheng Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Lin Sie
- Research Center of Radiation Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Peng
- Department of Isotope Application Research, National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan, 325, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Kapil Dev
- Research Center of Radiation Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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4
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Volety P, Shirley CA, Chhabra G, Ahmad N. The fusion of light and immunity: Advancements in photoimmunotherapy for melanoma. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:910-922. [PMID: 38623955 DOI: 10.1111/php.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with high mortality and recurrence rates. Despite the clinical success of recent immunotherapy approaches, prevailing resistance rates necessitate the continued development of novel therapeutic options. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is emerging as a promising immunotherapy strategy that uses photodynamic therapy (PDT) to unleash systemic immune responses against tumor sites while maintaining the superior tumor-specificity and minimally invasive nature of traditional PDT. In this review, we discuss recent advances in PIT and strategies for the management of melanoma using PIT. PIT can strongly induce immunogenic cell death, inviting the concomitant application of immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive cell therapies. PIT can also be leveraged to selectively remove the suppressive immune populations associated with immunotherapy resistance. The modular nature of PIT therapy design combined with the potential for patient-specific antigen selection or drug co-delivery makes PIT an alluring option for future personalized melanoma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Volety
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carl A Shirley
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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5
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Figueiredo AB, Barros e Silva MJ, Evangelista GFDB, Galdino NADL, Kuil LDM, Santos IP, Morais KLP, Cavalcanti CM, Moredo LF, Duprat-Neto JP, Gollob KJ. Immune mechanisms and predictive biomarkers related to neoadjuvant immunotherapy response in stage III melanoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32624. [PMID: 38975149 PMCID: PMC11226767 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment for stage III melanoma has advanced significantly, nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients experience relapse. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising approach, allowing early micrometastatic disease treatment, reduction of tumor burden before surgery, and enhanced tumor-specific T-cell responses. However, not all patients respond to treatment, highlighting the need for understanding immune mechanisms behind failure and identification of predictive markers. Here we performed a robust evaluation of systemic and tumoral immune profiles in a well-defined cohort of advanced melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Elevated CTACK and CXCL9 chemokines pre-treatment suggested their potential as predictive tools for treatment response. Furthermore, CD95 expression in CD8+ T lymphocytes surfaced as a favorable prognostic indicator, while PD-1, CD161, and PD-L2 exhibited correlations with worst outcomes. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between immune markers and melanoma response to neoadjuvant immune checkpoint therapy, offering insights into personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Braga Figueiredo
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Education and Research Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nayane Alves de Lima Galdino
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Melo Kuil
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Iasmim Polido Santos
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia Luciano Pereira Morais
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Clara Maciel Cavalcanti
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kenneth J Gollob
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Translational Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Education and Research Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center for Research in Immuno-Oncology (CRIO), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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6
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Norgard RJ, Budhani P, O'Brien SA, Xia Y, Egan JN, Flynn B, Tagore JR, Seco J, Peet GW, Mikucka A, Wasti R, Chan LC, Hinkel M, Martinez-Morilla S, Pignatelli J, Trapani F, Corse E, Feng D, Kostyrko K, Hofmann MH, Liu K, Kashyap AS. Reshaping the Tumor Microenvironment of KRASG12D Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Combined SOS1 and MEK Inhibition for Improved Immunotherapy Response. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1548-1560. [PMID: 38727236 PMCID: PMC11191876 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
KRAS inhibitors have demonstrated exciting preclinical and clinical responses, although resistance occurs rapidly. Here, we investigate the effects of KRAS-targeting therapies on the tumor microenvironment using a library of KrasG12D, p53-mutant, murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-derived cell lines (KPCY) to leverage immune-oncology combination strategies for long-term tumor efficacy. Our findings show that SOS1 and MEK inhibitors (SOS1i+MEKi) suppressed tumor growth in syngeneic models and increased intratumoral CD8+ T cells without durable responses. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed an increase in inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAF), M2 macrophages, and a decreased dendritic cell (DC) quality that ultimately resulted in a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment driven by IL6+ iCAFs. Agonist CD40 treatment was effective to revert macrophage polarization and overcome the lack of mature antigen-presenting DCs after SOS1i+MEKi therapy. Treatment increased the overall survival of KPCY tumor-bearing mice. The addition of checkpoint blockade to SOS1i+MEKi combination resulted in tumor-free mice with established immune memory. Our data suggest that KRAS inhibition affects myeloid cell maturation and highlights the need for combining KRAS cancer-targeted therapy with myeloid activation to enhance and prolong antitumor effects. SIGNIFICANCE Combination of SOS1 and MEK inhibitors increase T cell infiltration while blunting pro-immune myeloid cell maturation and highlights the need for combining KRAS cancer-targeted therapy with myeloid activation to enhance and prolong anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Norgard
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Pratha Budhani
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Sarah A. O'Brien
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Youli Xia
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Jessica N. Egan
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Brianna Flynn
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Joshua R. Tagore
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Joseph Seco
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Gregory W. Peet
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Ania Mikucka
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Ruby Wasti
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Li-Chuan Chan
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Melanie Hinkel
- Late Stage Cancer Research, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Martinez-Morilla
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Jeanine Pignatelli
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Francesca Trapani
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emily Corse
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Di Feng
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Kaja Kostyrko
- Late Stage Cancer Research, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco H. Hofmann
- Cancer Pharmacology and Disease Positioning Department, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kang Liu
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Abhishek S. Kashyap
- Cancer Immunology and Immune Modulation, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut
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7
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Reschke R, Enk AH, Hassel JC. Chemokines and Cytokines in Immunotherapy of Melanoma and Other Tumors: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6532. [PMID: 38928238 PMCID: PMC11203481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and cytokines represent an emerging field of immunotherapy research. They are responsible for the crosstalk and chemoattraction of immune cells and tumor cells. For instance, CXCL9/10/11 chemoattract effector CD8+ T cells to the tumor microenvironment, making an argument for their promising role as biomarkers for a favorable outcome. The cytokine Interleukin-15 (IL-15) can promote the chemokine expression of CXCR3 ligands but also XCL1, contributing to an important DC-T cell interaction. Recruited cytotoxic T cells can be clonally expanded by IL-2. Delivering or inducing these chemokines and cytokines can result in tumor shrinkage and might synergize with immune checkpoint inhibition. In addition, blocking specific chemokine and cytokine receptors such as CCR2, CCR4 or Il-6R can reduce the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) or regulatory T cells (Tregs). Efforts to target these chemokines and cytokines have the potential to personalize cancer immunotherapy further and address patients that are not yet responsive because of immune cell exclusion. Targeting cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-15 is currently being evaluated in clinical trials in combination with immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. The improved overall survival of melanoma patients might outweigh potential risks such as autoimmunity. However, off-target toxicity needs to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reschke
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H. Enk
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica C. Hassel
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Cyberski TF, Singh A, Korzinkin M, Mishra V, Pun F, Shen L, Wing C, Cheng X, Baird B, Miao Y, Elkabets M, Kochanny S, Guo W, Dyer E, Pearson AT, Juloori A, Lingen M, Cole G, Zhavoronkov A, Agrawal N, Izumchenko E, Rosenberg AJ. Acquired resistance to immunotherapy and chemoradiation in MYC amplified head and neck cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:114. [PMID: 38783041 PMCID: PMC11116544 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene MYC encodes a nuclear transcription factor that has an important role in a variety of cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression, proliferation, metabolism, adhesion, apoptosis, and therapeutic resistance. MYC amplification is consistently observed in aggressive forms of several solid malignancies and correlates with poor prognosis and distant metastases. While the tumorigenic effects of MYC in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are well known, the molecular mechanisms by which the amplification of this gene may confer treatment resistance, especially to immune checkpoint inhibitors, remains under-investigated. Here we present a unique case of a patient with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) HNSCC who, despite initial response to nivolumab-based treatment, developed rapidly progressive metastatic disease after the acquisition of MYC amplification. We conducted comparative transcriptomic analysis of this patient's tumor at baseline and upon progression to interrogate potential molecular processes through which MYC may confer resistance to immunotherapy and/or chemoradiation and used TCGA-HNSC dataset and an institutional cohort to further explore clinicopathologic features and key molecular networks associated with MYC amplification in HNSCC. This study highlights MYC amplification as a potential mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and suggest its use as a predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in R/M HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Cyberski
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alka Singh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Vasudha Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank Pun
- Insilico Medicine, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
| | - Le Shen
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claudia Wing
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiangying Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brandon Baird
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuxuan Miao
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Sara Kochanny
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenji Guo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emma Dyer
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander T Pearson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aditya Juloori
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Lingen
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grayson Cole
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Nishant Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ari J Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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9
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Gargett T, Truong NTH, Gardam B, Yu W, Ebert LM, Johnson A, Yeo ECF, Wittwer NL, Tapia Rico G, Logan J, Sivaloganathan P, Collis M, Ruszkiewicz A, Brown MP. Safety and biological outcomes following a phase 1 trial of GD2-specific CAR-T cells in patients with GD2-positive metastatic melanoma and other solid cancers. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008659. [PMID: 38754916 PMCID: PMC11097842 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies specific for the CD19 and B-cell maturation antigen have become an approved standard of care worldwide for relapsed and refractory B-cell malignancies. If CAR-T cell therapy for non-hematological malignancies is to achieve the same stage of clinical development, then iterative early-phase clinical testing can add value to the clinical development process for evaluating CAR-T cell products containing different CAR designs and manufactured under differing conditions. METHODS We conducted a phase 1 trial of third-generation GD2-specific CAR-T cell therapy, which has previously been tested in neuroblastoma patients. In this study, the GD2-CAR-T therapy was evaluated for the first time in metastatic melanoma patients in combination with BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy, and as a monotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer and a patient with fibromyxoid sarcoma. Feasibility and safety were determined and persistence studies, multiplex cytokine arrays on sera and detailed immune phenotyping of the original CAR-T products, the circulating CAR-T cells, and, in select patients, the tumor-infiltrating CAR-T cells were performed. RESULTS We demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing CAR-T products at point of care for patients with solid cancer and show that a single intravenous infusion was well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities or severe adverse events. In addition, we note significant improvements in CAR-T cell immune phenotype, and expansion when a modified manufacturing procedure was adopted for the latter 6 patients recruited to this 12-patient trial. We also show evidence of CAR-T cell-mediated immune activity and in some patients expanded subsets of circulating myeloid cells after CAR-T cell therapy. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of third-generation GD2-targeting CAR-T cells in patients with metastatic melanoma and other solid cancers such as colorectal cancer, showing feasibility, safety and immune activity, but limited clinical effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12613000198729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Gargett
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nga T H Truong
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bryan Gardam
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wenbo Yu
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa M Ebert
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy Johnson
- Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Erica C F Yeo
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole L Wittwer
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Tapia Rico
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jesikah Logan
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Purany Sivaloganathan
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maria Collis
- Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Ruszkiewicz
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael P Brown
- University of South Australia, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Rundle Mall, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Hou Y, Yang K, Wang L, Wang J, Huang X, Piffko A, Luo SZ, Yu X, Rao E, Martinez C, Bugno J, Mack M, Vokes EE, Pitroda SP, Chmura SJ, Weichselbaum RR, Liang HL. Radiotherapy Enhances Metastasis Through Immune Suppression by Inducing PD-L1 and MDSC in Distal Sites. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1945-1958. [PMID: 38427437 PMCID: PMC11062826 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy (RT) is a widely employed anticancer treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that RT can elicit both tumor-inhibiting and tumor-promoting immune effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate immune suppressive factors of radiotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used a heterologous two-tumor model in which adaptive concomitant immunity was eliminated. RESULTS Through analysis of PD-L1 expression and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) frequencies using patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and murine two-tumor and metastasis models, we report that local irradiation can induce a systemic increase in MDSC, as well as PD-L1 expression on dendritic cells and myeloid cells, and thereby increase the potential for metastatic dissemination in distal, nonirradiated tissue. In a mouse model using two distinct tumors, we found that PD-L1 induction by ionizing radiation was dependent on elevated chemokine CXCL10 signaling. Inhibiting PD-L1 or MDSC can potentially abrogate RT-induced metastasis and improve clinical outcomes for patients receiving RT. CONCLUSIONS Blockade of PD-L1/CXCL10 axis or MDSC infiltration during irradiation can enhance abscopal tumor control and reduce metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Hou
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University; Xi’an, ShaanXi 710061, China
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Jiaai Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Andras Piffko
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Sean Z. Luo
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Current address: Biomedical Engineering program, Northwestern University; Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Current address: Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Enyu Rao
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Current address: Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Carlos Martinez
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Current address: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607 USA
| | - Jason Bugno
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- The Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 600637, USA
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Everett E. Vokes
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 USA
| | - Sean P. Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Steven J. Chmura
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Ralph R. Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Hua Laura Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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11
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Sampaio MCPD, Santos RVC, Albuquerque APDB, Soares AKDA, Cordeiro MF, da Rosa MM, Pereira MC, da Rocha Pitta MG, Rêgo MJBDM. Induction of SK-MEL-28 Invasion by Brain Cortical Cell-Conditioned Medium Through CXCL10 Signaling. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:198-207. [PMID: 38512222 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, an infrequent yet significant variant of skin cancer, emerges as a primary cause of brain metastasis among various malignancies. Despite recognizing the involvement of inflammatory molecules, particularly chemokines, in shaping the metastatic microenvironment, the intricate cellular signaling mechanisms underlying cerebral metastasis remain elusive. In our pursuit to unravel the role of cytokines in melanoma metastasis, we devised a protocol utilizing mixed cerebral cortical cells and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cell lines. Contrary to expectations, we observed no discernible morphological change in melanoma cells exposed to a cerebral conditioned medium (CM). However, a substantial increase in both migration and proliferation was quantitatively noted. Profiling the chemokine secretion by melanoma in response to the cerebral CM unveiled the pivotal role of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (CXCL10), inhibiting the secretion of interleukin 8 (CXCL8). Furthermore, through a transwell assay, we demonstrated that knockdown CXCL10 led to a significant decrease in the migration of the SK-MEL-28 cell line. In conclusion, our findings suggest that a cerebral CM induces melanoma cell migration, while modulating the secretion of CXCL10 and CXCL8 in the context of brain metastases. These insights advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in melanoma cerebral metastasis, paving the way for further exploration and targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara Pinheiro Duarte Sampaio
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Renata Virgínia Cavalcanti Santos
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pinheiro de Barros Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Ferraz Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Michelle Melgarejo da Rosa
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Michelly Cristiny Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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12
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Yi L, Xu Z, Ma T, Wang C, Wei P, Xiao B, Zhang H, Che N, Liu Z, Han Y. T-cell subsets and cytokines are indicative of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy responses in NSCLC. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:99. [PMID: 38619623 PMCID: PMC11018727 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy is a promising treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the immunological mechanisms contributing to tumor regression and biomarkers corresponding to different pathological responses remain unclear. METHODS Using dynamic and paired blood samples from NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, we analyzed the frequencies of CD8 + T-cell and Treg subsets and their dynamic changes during neoadjuvant treatment through flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles and function-related gene expression of CD8 + T cells and Tregs were analyzed through flow cytometry and mRNA-seq. Infiltrating T-cell subsets in resected tissues from patients with different pathological responses were analyzed through multiplex immunofluorescence. RESULTS Forty-two NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy were enrolled and then underwent surgical resection and pathological evaluation. Nineteen patients had pCR (45%), 7 patients had MPR (17%), and 16 patients had non-MPR (38%). In patients with pCR, the frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells (P = 0.0475), PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells (P = 0.0261) and Tregs (P = 0.0317) were significantly different from those of non-pCR patients before treatment. pCR patients usually had low frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells, PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and Tregs, and their AUCs were higher than that of tissue PD-L1 expression. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy markedly improved CD8 + T-cell proliferation and activation, especially in pCR patients, as the frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + (P = 0.0136) and Ki-67 + CD8 + (P = 0.0391) T cells were significantly increased. The blood levels of cytokines such as IL-2 (P = 0.0391) and CXCL10 (P = 0.0195) were also significantly increased in the pCR group, which is consistent with the high density of activated cytotoxic T cells at the tumor site (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy drives CD8 + T cells toward a proliferative and active profile. The frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells, PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and Tregs at baseline might predict the response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients. The increase in IL-2 and CXCL10 might reflect the chemotaxis and enrichment of cytotoxic T cells at the tumor site and a better response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Panjian Wei
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Nanying Che
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Pattarayan D, Huang H, Zhao Y, Li S, Wang Y, Zhang M, Li S, Yang D. Systematic investigation of chemo-immunotherapy synergism to shift anti-PD-1 resistance in cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3178. [PMID: 38609378 PMCID: PMC11015024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemo-immunotherapy combinations have been regarded as one of the most practical ways to improve immunotherapy response in cancer patients. In this study, we integrate the transcriptomics data from anti-PD-1-treated tumors and compound-treated cancer cell lines to systematically screen for chemo-immunotherapy synergisms in silico. Through analyzing anti-PD-1 induced expression changes in patient tumors, we develop a shift ability score to measure if a chemotherapy or a small molecule inhibitor treatment can shift anti-PD-1 resistance in tumor cells. By applying shift ability analysis to 41,321 compounds and 16,853 shRNA treated cancer cell lines transcriptomic data, we characterize the landscape of chemo-immunotherapy synergism and experimentally validated a mitochondrial RNA-dependent mechanism for drug-induced immune activation in tumor. Our study represents an effort to mechanistically characterize chemo-immunotherapy synergism and will facilitate future pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Dhamotharan Pattarayan
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Haozhe Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yueshan Zhao
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Sihan Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Da Yang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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14
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Matsushita K, Toyoda T, Akane H, Morikawa T, Ogawa K. CD44 expression in renal tubular epithelial cells in the kidneys of rats with cyclosporine-induced chronic kidney disease. J Toxicol Pathol 2024; 37:55-67. [PMID: 38584969 PMCID: PMC10995437 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2023-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury is the most common cause of drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI). Although TEC regeneration facilitates renal function and structural recovery following DIKI, maladaptive repair of TECs leads to irreversible fibrosis, resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD). CD44 is specifically expressed in TECs during maladaptive repair in several types of rat CKD models. In this study, we investigated CD44 expression and its role in renal fibrogenesis in a cyclosporine (CyA) rat model of CKD. Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a low-salt diet were subcutaneously administered CyA (0, 15, or 30 mg/kg) for 28 days. CD44 was expressed in atrophic, dilated, and hypertrophic TECs in the fibrotic lesions of the CyA groups. These TECs were collected by laser microdissection and evaluated by microarray analysis. Gene ontology analysis suggested that these TECs have a mesenchymal phenotype, and pathway analysis identified CD44 as an upstream regulator of fibrosis-related genes, including fibronectin 1 (Fn1). Immunohistochemistry revealed that epithelial and mesenchymal markers of TECs of fibrotic lesions were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, and that these TECs were surrounded by a thickened basement membrane. In situ hybridization revealed an increase in Fn1 mRNA in the cytoplasm of TECs of fibrotic lesions, whereas fibronectin protein was localized in the stroma surrounding these tubules. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed increased serum CD44 levels in CyA-treated rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that CD44 contributes to renal fibrosis by inducing fibronectin secretion in TECs exhibiting partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition and highlight the potential of CD44 as a biomarker of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsushita
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toyoda
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Akane
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tomomi Morikawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ogawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health
Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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15
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Chen JH, Nieman LT, Spurrell M, Jorgji V, Elmelech L, Richieri P, Xu KH, Madhu R, Parikh M, Zamora I, Mehta A, Nabel CS, Freeman SS, Pirl JD, Lu C, Meador CB, Barth JL, Sakhi M, Tang AL, Sarkizova S, Price C, Fernandez NF, Emanuel G, He J, Van Raay K, Reeves JW, Yizhak K, Hofree M, Shih A, Sade-Feldman M, Boland GM, Pelka K, Aryee MJ, Mino-Kenudson M, Gainor JF, Korsunsky I, Hacohen N. Human lung cancer harbors spatially organized stem-immunity hubs associated with response to immunotherapy. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:644-658. [PMID: 38503922 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The organization of immune cells in human tumors is not well understood. Immunogenic tumors harbor spatially localized multicellular 'immunity hubs' defined by expression of the T cell-attracting chemokines CXCL10/CXCL11 and abundant T cells. Here, we examined immunity hubs in human pre-immunotherapy lung cancer specimens and found an association with beneficial response to PD-1 blockade. Critically, we discovered the stem-immunity hub, a subtype of immunity hub strongly associated with favorable PD-1-blockade outcome. This hub is distinct from mature tertiary lymphoid structures and is enriched for stem-like TCF7+PD-1+CD8+ T cells, activated CCR7+LAMP3+ dendritic cells and CCL19+ fibroblasts as well as chemokines that organize these cells. Within the stem-immunity hub, we find preferential interactions between CXCL10+ macrophages and TCF7-CD8+ T cells as well as between mature regulatory dendritic cells and TCF7+CD4+ and regulatory T cells. These results provide a picture of the spatial organization of the human intratumoral immune response and its relevance to patient immunotherapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Chen
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Linda T Nieman
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maxwell Spurrell
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vjola Jorgji
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liad Elmelech
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Richieri
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine H Xu
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roopa Madhu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milan Parikh
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Izabella Zamora
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arnav Mehta
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher S Nabel
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Pirl
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chenyue Lu
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine B Meador
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, MGH, HMS, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander L Tang
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Siranush Sarkizova
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keren Yizhak
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Matan Hofree
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Angela Shih
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Genevieve M Boland
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karin Pelka
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin J Aryee
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin F Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Thoracic Cancers, MGH, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ilya Korsunsky
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Zheng S, He A, Chen C, Gu J, Wei C, Chen Z, Liu J. Predicting immunotherapy response in melanoma using a novel tumor immunological phenotype-related gene index. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343425. [PMID: 38571962 PMCID: PMC10987686 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Melanoma is a highly aggressive and recurrent form of skin cancer, posing challenges in prognosis and therapy prediction. Methods In this study, we developed a novel TIPRGPI consisting of 20 genes using Univariate Cox regression and the LASSO algorithm. The high and low-risk groups based on TIPRGPI exhibited distinct mutation profiles, hallmark pathways, and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Results Notably, significant differences in tumor immunogenicity and TIDE were observed between the risk groups, suggesting a better response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in the low-TIPRGPI group. Additionally, molecular docking predicted 10 potential drugs that bind to the core target, PTPRC, of the TIPRGPI signature. Discussion Our findings highlight the reliability of TIPRGPI as a prognostic signature and its potential application in risk classification, immunotherapy response prediction, and drug candidate identification for melanoma treatment. The "TIP genes" guided strategy presented in this study may have implications beyond melanoma and could be applied to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoluan Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Anqi He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chenxi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianying Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Plastic Surgery and Cutaneous Soft Tissue Cancers, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Plastic Surgery and Cutaneous Soft Tissue Cancers, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Reschke R, Deitert B, Enk AH, Hassel JC. The role of tissue-resident memory T cells as mediators for response and toxicity in immunotherapy-treated melanoma-two sides of the same coin? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385781. [PMID: 38562921 PMCID: PMC10982392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) have become an interesting subject of study for antitumor immunity in melanoma and other solid tumors. In the initial phases of antitumor immunity, they maintain an immune equilibrium and protect against challenges with tumor cells and the formation of primary melanomas. In metastatic settings, they are a prime target cell population for immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) because they highly express inhibitory checkpoint molecules such as PD-1, CTLA-4, or LAG-3. Once melanoma patients are treated with ICI, TRM cells residing in the tumor are reactivated and expand. Tumor killing is achieved by secreting effector molecules such as IFN-γ. However, off-target effects are also observed. Immune-related adverse events, such as those affecting barrier organs like the skin, can be mediated by ICI-induced TRM cells. Therefore, a detailed understanding of this memory T-cell type is obligatory to better guide and improve immunotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reschke
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Deitert
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alex H. Enk
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica C. Hassel
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Bhatt DK, Meuleman SL, Hoogeboom BN, Daemen T. Oncolytic alphavirus replicons mediated recruitment and activation of T cells. iScience 2024; 27:109253. [PMID: 38425844 PMCID: PMC10904282 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses show promise in enhancing tumor immunogenicity by releasing immunogenic signals during tumor cell infection and lysis. In this study, we improved the virus-induced tumor immunogenicity of recombinant Semliki Forest virus (rSFV)-based replicon particles by encoding immunogenic cytokines such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), or interferon-gamma (IFN-ƴ). Real-time imaging and flow cytometry of human cancer cell-based monolayer and spheroid cultures, using LNCaP or PANC-1 cells, revealed effective infection and transgene expression in both models. LNCaP cells exhibited higher and earlier rSFV infection compared to PANC-1 cells. While infected LNCaP cells effectively triggered immune recruitment and T cell activation even without encoding cytokines, PANC-1 cells demonstrated improved immune responses only when infected with replicons encoding cytokines, particularly IFN-ƴ, which enhanced tumor immunogenicity irrespective of cancer cell susceptibility to infection. Our study demonstrates that despite innate phenotypic disparities in cancer cells, rSFV-based replicons encoding cytokines can potentially generate effective immune responses in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshak K. Bhatt
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia L. Meuleman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Baukje Nynke Hoogeboom
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Toos Daemen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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19
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Matsushita K, Toyoda T, Akane H, Morikawa T, Ogawa K. Role of CD44 expressed in renal tubules during maladaptive repair in renal fibrogenesis in an allopurinol-induced rat model of chronic kidney disease. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:455-469. [PMID: 37876353 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The kidney is a major target organ for the adverse effects of pharmaceuticals; renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are particularly vulnerable to drug-induced toxicity. TECs have regenerative capacity; however, maladaptive repair of TECs after injury leads to renal fibrosis, resulting in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We previously reported the specific expression of CD44 in failed-repair TECs of rat CKD model induced by ischemia reperfusion injury. Here, we investigated the pathophysiological role of CD44 in renal fibrogenesis in allopurinol-treated rat CKD model. Dilated or atrophic TECs expressing CD44 in fibrotic areas were collected by laser microdissection and subjected to microarray analysis. Gene ontology showed that extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes were upregulated and differentiation-related genes were downregulated in dilated/atrophic TECs. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified CD44 as an upstream regulator of fibrosis-related genes, including Fn1, which encodes fibronectin. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that dilated/atrophic TECs expressing CD44 showed decreases in differentiation markers of TECs and clear expression of mesenchymal markers during basement membrane attachment. In situ hybridization revealed an increase in Fn1 mRNA in the cytoplasm of dilated/atrophic TECs, whereas fibronectin was localized in the stroma around these TECs, supporting the production/secretion of ECM by dilated/atrophic TECs. Overall, these data indicated that dilated/atrophic TECs underwent a partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) and that CD44 promoted renal fibrogenesis via induction of ECM production in failed-repair TECs exhibiting pEMT. CD44 was detected in the urine and serum of APL-treated rats, which may reflect the expression of CD44 in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsushita
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toyoda
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Akane
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Morikawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ogawa
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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20
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Xuekai L, Yan S, Jian C, Yifei S, Xinyue W, Wenyuan Z, Shuwen H, Xi Y. Advances in reprogramming of energy metabolism in tumor T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347181. [PMID: 38415258 PMCID: PMC10897011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of human death worldwide, and the modulation of the metabolic properties of T cells employed in cancer immunotherapy holds great promise for combating cancer. As a crucial factor, energy metabolism influences the activation, proliferation, and function of T cells, and thus metabolic reprogramming of T cells is a unique research perspective in cancer immunology. Special conditions within the tumor microenvironment and high-energy demands lead to alterations in the energy metabolism of T cells. In-depth research on the reprogramming of energy metabolism in T cells can reveal the mechanisms underlying tumor immune tolerance and provide important clues for the development of new tumor immunotherapy strategies as well. Therefore, the study of T cell energy metabolism has important clinical significance and potential applications. In the study, the current achievements in the reprogramming of T cell energy metabolism were reviewed. Then, the influencing factors associated with T cell energy metabolism were introduced. In addition, T cell energy metabolism in cancer immunotherapy was summarized, which highlighted its potential significance in enhancing T cell function and therapeutic outcomes. In summary, energy exhaustion of T cells leads to functional exhaustion, thus resulting in immune evasion by cancer cells. A better understanding of reprogramming of T cell energy metabolism may enable immunotherapy to combat cancer and holds promise for optimizing and enhancing existing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Xuekai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chu Jian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Song Yifei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Wu Xinyue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhang Wenyuan
- Department of Gynecology, Heyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heyuan, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
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21
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Chinchilla-Tábora LM, Montero JC, Corchete LA, González-Morais I, del Barco Morillo E, Olivares-Hernández A, Rodríguez González M, Sayagués JM, Ludeña MD. Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in Primary Resistance to Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced-Stage Pulmonary Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2048. [PMID: 38396726 PMCID: PMC10889097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, nivolumab has become the standard of care for advanced-stage lung cancer patients. Unfortunately, up to 60% of patients do not respond to this treatment. In our study, we identified variations in gene expression related to primary resistance to immunotherapy. Bronchoscopy biopsies were obtained from advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients previously characterized as responders or non-responders after nivolumab treatment. Ten tumor biopsies (from three responders and seven non-responders) were analyzed by the differential expression of 760 genes using the NanoString nCounter platform. These genes are known to be involved in the response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy. All the patients were treated with nivolumab. Examining the dysregulated expression of 24 genes made it possible to predict the response to nivolumab treatment. Supervised analysis of the gene expression profile (GEP) revealed that responder patients had significantly higher levels of expression of CXCL11, NT5E, KLRK1, CD3G, GZMA, IDO1, LCK, CXCL9, GNLY, ITGAL, HLA-DRB1, CXCR6, IFNG, CD8A, ITK, B2M, HLA-B, and HLA-A than did non-responder patients. In contrast, PNOC, CD19, TP73, ARG1, FCRL2, and PTGER1 genes had significantly lower expression levels than non-responder patients. These findings were validated as predictive biomarkers in an independent series of 201 patients treated with nivolumab (22 hepatocellular carcinomas, 14 non-squamous cell lung carcinomas, 5 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, 1 ureter/renal pelvis carcinoma, 120 melanomas, 4 bladder carcinomas, 31 renal cell carcinomas, and 4 squamous cell lung carcinomas). ROC curve analysis showed that the expression levels of ITK, NT5E, ITGAL, and CD8A were the best predictors of response to nivolumab. Further, 13/24 genes showed an adverse impact on overall survival (OS) in an independent, large series of patients with NSCLC (2166 cases). In summary, we found a strong association between the global GEP of advanced NSCLC and the response to nivolumab. The classification of NSCLC patients based on GEP enabled us to identify those patients who genuinely benefited from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We also demonstrated that abnormal expression of most of the markers comprising the genomic signature has an adverse influence on OS, making them significant markers for therapeutic decision-making. Additional prospective studies in larger series of patients are required to confirm the clinical utility of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Chinchilla-Tábora
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Montero
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centers-Oncology (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Idalia González-Morais
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Edel del Barco Morillo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.d.B.M.); (A.O.-H.)
| | - Alejandro Olivares-Hernández
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (E.d.B.M.); (A.O.-H.)
| | - Marta Rodríguez González
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
| | - José María Sayagués
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Centers-Oncology (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ludeña
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (L.M.C.-T.); (J.C.M.); (I.G.-M.); (M.R.G.)
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22
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Hailstock T, Dai C, Aquino J, Walker KE, Chick S, Manirarora JN, Suresh R, Patil V, Renukaradhya GJ, Sullivan YB, LaBresh J, Lunney JK. Production and characterization of anti-porcine CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies. Cytokine 2024; 174:156449. [PMID: 38141459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Research on C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) has been widely reported for humans and select animal species, yet immune reagents are limited for pig chemokines. Our goal is to provide veterinary immunologists and the biomedical community with new commercial immune reagents and standardized assays. Recombinant porcine CXCL10 (rPoCXCL10) protein was produced by yeast expression and used to generate a panel of α CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). All mAbs were assessed for cross-inhibition and reactivity to orthologous yeast expressed CXCL10 proteins. Characterization of a panel of nine α PoCXCL10 mAbs identified six distinct antigenic determinants. A sensitive quantitative sandwich ELISA was developed with anti-PoCXCL10-1.6 and -1.9 mAb; reactivity was verified with both rPoCXCL10 and native PoCXCL10, detected in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with rPoIFNγ or PMA/Ionomycin. Immunostaining of in vitro rPoIFNγ stimulated pig spleen and blood cells verified CXCL10 + cells as CD3-CD4-CD172+, with occasional CD3-CD4 + CD172 + subsets. Comparison studies determined that α PoCXCL10-1.4 mAb was the ideal mAb clone for intracellular staining, whereas with α PoCXCL10-1.1 and -1.2 mAbs were best for immunohistochemistry analyses. These techniques and tools will be useful for evaluating swine immune development, responses to infectious diseases and vaccines, as well as for improving utility of pigs as an important biomedical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hailstock
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jovan Aquino
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Kristen E Walker
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Chick
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Jean N Manirarora
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Raksha Suresh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Joan K Lunney
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA.
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23
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Baginska J, Nau A, Gomez Diaz I, Giobbie-Hurder A, Weirather J, Vergara J, Abrecht C, Hallisey M, Dennis J, Severgnini M, Huezo J, Marciello I, Rahma O, Manos M, Brohl AS, Bedard PL, Renouf DJ, Sharon E, Streicher H, Ott PA, Buchbinder EI, Hodi FS. Ziv-aflibercept plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:17. [PMID: 38236249 PMCID: PMC10796592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with reduced immune response and impaired anti-tumor activity. Combining antiangiogenic agents with immune checkpoint inhibition can overcome this immune suppression and enhance treatment efficacy. METHODS This study investigated the combination of ziv-aflibercept anti-angiogenic therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment. Baseline and on-treatment plasma and PBMC samples were analyzed by multiplex protein assay and mass cytometry, respectively. RESULTS In this Phase 1B study (NCT02298959), ten patients with advanced PD-1-resistant melanoma were treated with a combination of ziv-aflibercept (at 2-4 mg/kg) plus pembrolizumab (at 2 mg/kg), administered intravenously every 2 weeks. Two patients (20%) achieved a partial response, and two patients (20%) experienced stable disease (SD) as the best response. The two responders had mucosal melanoma, while both patients with SD had ocular melanoma. The combination therapy demonstrated clinical activity and acceptable safety, despite the occurrence of adverse events. Changes in plasma analytes such as platelet-derived growth factor and PD-L1 were explored, indicating potential alterations in myeloid cell function. Higher levels of circulating CXCL10 in non-responding patients may reflect pro-tumor activity. Specific subsets of γδ T cells were associated with poor clinical outcomes, suggesting impaired γδ T-cell function in non-responding patients. CONCLUSIONS Although limited by sample size and follow-up, these findings highlight the potential of the combination of ziv-aflibercept antiangiogenic therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment and the need for further research to improve outcomes in anti-PD-1-resistant melanoma. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02298959.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Baginska
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison Nau
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilana Gomez Diaz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jason Weirather
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliana Vergara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlotte Abrecht
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Hallisey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenna Dennis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariano Severgnini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia Huezo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabella Marciello
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Osama Rahma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Manos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department and Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Renouf
- Cancer and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elad Sharon
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Howard Streicher
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth I Buchbinder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Li L, Kanemitsu K, Ohnishi K, Yamada R, Yano H, Fujiwara Y, Miyamoto Y, Mikami Y, Hibi T, Baba H, Komohara Y. CXCL10 Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer Tissue and its Correlation With Serum Levels of CXCL10. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:54-64. [PMID: 38151286 PMCID: PMC10756351 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM CXCL10, a member of the CXC chemokine family, plays a crucial role in immune response by facilitating the chemotaxis of CXCR3-positive immune cells. We examined the expression of CXCL10 to unravel its functional significance in colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate CXCL10 expression and its clinicopathological relevance. Subsequently, we examined the correlation between the serum levels of CXCL10 and its expression within cancer tissues. RESULTS Analysis of the TCGA database revealed that elevated CXCL10 expression in CRC tissues correlates with improved long-term survival and is inversely associated with lymph node infiltration and metastasis. Insights from Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes further established a connection between increased CXCL10 and co-regulated gene expression with enhanced immune activation and regulation, mediated by the inhibition of the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Single-cell analysis pinpointed myeloid cells and macrophages as the primary sources of CXCL10. Immunohistochemical assessments revealed that a subset of cancer cells and macrophages are positive for CXCL10 expression. CXCL10-positive cells are predominantly located at the invasive front of the tumor. Intriguingly, our findings reveal an inverse correlation between serum CXCL10 levels and its expression in cancer tissues. CONCLUSION The expression of CXCL10 may play a role in mediating the inflammatory responses at the invasive front in colorectal cancer and is observed to be inversely correlated with serum CXCL10 levels. It is pivotal to elucidate the distinct roles of CXCL10 in colorectal cancer, particularly different functions of cancer-tissue CXCL10 from serum CXCL10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kanemitsu
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Japan
| | - Koji Ohnishi
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Rin Yamada
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan;
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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25
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Poletto S, Paruzzo L, Nepote A, Caravelli D, Sangiolo D, Carnevale-Schianca F. Predictive Factors in Metastatic Melanoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Clinical Practice to Future Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:101. [PMID: 38201531 PMCID: PMC10778365 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of immunotherapy revolutionized the treatment landscape in metastatic melanoma. Despite the impressive results associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), only a portion of patients obtain a response to this treatment. In this scenario, the research of predictive factors is fundamental to identify patients who may have a response and to exclude patients with a low possibility to respond. These factors can be host-associated, immune system activation-related, and tumor-related. Patient-related factors can vary from data obtained by medical history (performance status, age, sex, body mass index, concomitant medications, and comorbidities) to analysis of the gut microbiome from fecal samples. Tumor-related factors can reflect tumor burden (metastatic sites, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, and circulating tumor DNA) or can derive from the analysis of tumor samples (driver mutations, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and myeloid cells). Biomarkers evaluating the immune system activation, such as IFN-gamma gene expression profile and analysis of circulating immune cell subsets, have emerged in recent years as significantly correlated with response to ICIs. In this manuscript, we critically reviewed the most updated literature data on the landscape of predictive factors in metastatic melanoma treated with ICIs. We focus on the principal limits and potentiality of different methods, shedding light on the more promising biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Poletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Luca Paruzzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (L.P.); (D.S.)
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alessandro Nepote
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Daniela Caravelli
- Medical Oncology Division, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCs, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (D.C.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (L.P.); (D.S.)
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26
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Huang MY, Chen YC, Lyu WY, He XY, Ye ZH, Huang CY, He XL, Chen X, Chen X, Zhang B, Kai G, Zhang X, Li T, Huang M, Lu JJ. Ginsenoside Rh2 augmented anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy by reinvigorating CD8 + T cells via increasing intratumoral CXCL10. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106988. [PMID: 37984507 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Profiting from the sustained clinical improvement and prolonged patient survival, immune checkpoint blockade of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis has emerged as a revolutionary cancer therapy approach. However, the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies only achieve a clinical response rate of approximately 20%. Herein, we identified a novel combination strategy that Chinese medicine ginseng-derived ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) markedly improved the anti-cancer efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody in mice bearing MC38 tumor. Rh2 combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody (combo treatment) further triggered the infiltration, proliferation and activation of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Depletion of CD8+ T cells by mouse CD8 blocking antibody abolished the anti-cancer effect of combo treatment totally. Mechanistically, combo treatment further increased the expression of CXCL10 through activating TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway, explaining the increased infiltration of T cells. Employing anti- CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) blocking antibody prevented the T cells infiltration and abolished the anti-cancer effect of combo treatment. Meanwhile, combo treatment increased the percentage of M1-like macrophages and raised the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages in TME. By comparing the anti-cancer effect of combo treatment among MC38, CT26 and 4T1 tumors, resident T cells were considered as a prerequisite for the effectiveness of combo treatment. These findings demonstrated that Rh2 potentiated the anti-cancer effect of PD-L1 blockade via promoting the T cells infiltration and activation, which shed a new light on the combination strategy to enhance anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy by using natural product Rh2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wen-Yu Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xin-Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Zi-Han Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Can-Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xin-Ling He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Increasepharm (Hengqin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baoxian Zhang
- Increasepharm (Hengqin) Innovative Medicine Institute Limited, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial International S&T Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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27
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Schenkel JM, Pauken KE. Localization, tissue biology and T cell state - implications for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:807-823. [PMID: 37253877 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue localization is a critical determinant of T cell immunity. CD8+ T cells are contact-dependent killers, which requires them to physically be within the tissue of interest to kill peptide-MHC class I-bearing target cells. Following their migration and extravasation into tissues, T cells receive many extrinsic cues from the local microenvironment, and these signals shape T cell differentiation, fate and function. Because major organ systems are variable in their functions and compositions, they apply disparate pressures on T cells to adapt to the local microenvironment. Additional complexity arises in the context of malignant lesions (either primary or metastatic), and this has made understanding the factors that dictate T cell function and longevity in tumours challenging. Moreover, T cell differentiation state influences how cues from the microenvironment are interpreted by tissue-infiltrating T cells, highlighting the importance of T cell state in the context of tissue biology. Here, we review the intertwined nature of T cell differentiation state, location, survival and function, and explain how dysfunctional T cell populations can adopt features of tissue-resident memory T cells to persist in tumours. Finally, we discuss how these factors have shaped responses to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Schenkel
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kristen E Pauken
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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28
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Dong YC, Nieves LM, Hsu JC, Kumar A, Bouché M, Krishnan U, Mossburg KJ, Saxena D, Uman S, Kambayashi T, Burdick JA, Kim MM, Dorsey JF, Cormode DP. Novel Combination Treatment for Melanoma: FLASH Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy Delivered by a Radiopaque and Radiation Responsive Hydrogel. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:9542-9551. [PMID: 38933522 PMCID: PMC11198981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapies have become the standard treatment for melanoma. To further improve patient responses, combinations of immunotherapies and radiotherapy (RT) are being studied, since radiotherapies can potentially provide additional immune stimulation, in addition to direct antitumor effects. FLASH-RT is a novel, ultrahigh dose rate, radiation delivery approach, with the potential of at least equivalent tumor control efficacy and reduced damage to healthy tissue. However, the effects of combining FLASH-RT and immunotherapy have not been extensively studied in melanoma. Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, such as imiquimod (IMQ), are potent immunostimulatory agents, although their utility is limited due to poor solubility and systemic side effects. We therefore developed a novel combination therapy for melanoma consisting of IMQ delivered to the tumor via a radiopaque and radiation responsive hydrogel combined with FLASH-RT. We found that FLASH was able to effectively stimulate IMQ release from the hydrogel. In addition, we found that the combination of FLASH and released IMQ resulted in synergistic melanoma cell killing in vitro. The combination therapy reduced tumor growth compared to controls, enhanced survival, and resulted in remarkable enhancements in certain tumor cytokine levels. CT imaging allowed the hydrogel to be monitored in vivo. In addition, no adverse effects of the treatment were observed. Overall, this IMQ-gel and FLASH-RT combination may have potential as an improved treatment for melanoma and indicates that the interactions of FLASH-RT and TLR agonists merit further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi C Dong
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lenitza M Nieves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ananyaa Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | - Uma Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Katherine J Mossburg
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Deeksha Saxena
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Selen Uman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Michele M Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jay F Dorsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Yao W, Cui X, Peng H, Zhang Y, Jia X, Wu S, Zhao J. IDO1 facilitates esophageal carcinoma progression by driving the direct binding of NF-κB and CXCL10. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:403. [PMID: 37903782 PMCID: PMC10616276 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC), one of the most lethal human malignancies, lacks effective targeted therapies. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays a key role in a variety of cancers, but its role and mechanism in EC are still unclear. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the expression of IDO1 in EC, and the prognostic value of IDO1 in EC was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier test. The in vitro and in vivo function loss/acquisition tests were performed to evaluate the biological effects of IDO1 in EC. The mechanism of action of IDO1-regulation EC was explored through Firefly luciferase & Renilla luciferase activity reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. Clinically, IDO1 expression was abnormally elevated in EC and positively correlated with overall survival. Functionally, IDO1 was contributed to the proliferation and migration of EC cells. Mechanically, IDO1 regulated the expression of chemokine C-X-C ligand 10 (CXCL10) by promoting the entry of NF-κB into the nucleus to combine with the promoter of CXCL10. Consistently, IDO1 facilitated EC progression may dependent on the presence of CXCL10. Moreover, NF-κB alleviated the inhibitory effect of IDO1 knockdown on EC. IDO1 drove the progression of EC by directly binding NF-κB and CXCL10, the finding that may provide an effective theoretical basis for precise therapies for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan province, China
| | - Xiaohai Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The first affiliated hospital of xi'an jiaotong university, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi province, China
| | - Haodong Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 45003, Henan province, China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 45003, Henan province, China
| | - Xiangbo Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan province, China
| | - Sen Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan province, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, No.44-3 Xiaohe Yan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning Province, China.
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30
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Ding X, Wang W, Tao X, Li Z, Huang Y. Construction of a novel prognostic model in skin cutaneous melanoma based on chemokines-related gene signature. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18172. [PMID: 37875556 PMCID: PMC10598024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma, SKCM, is one of the most aggressive treatment-resistant tumours. Despite the fact that the BRAF oncogene and immunological checkpoints such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of SKCM, the subsequent resistance mechanisms and remedies have raised concerns. Chemokines have a significant role in the immunological milieu of tumor, which may increase the efficacy of checkpoint blockade and serve as a possible therapeutic intervention route. However, there is still no chemokine-based typing and risk model to provide a prognosis and therapeutic efficacy assessment for SKCM patients. In this study, we verified the distinct differences of prognostic stratification as well as immune characteristics between two chemokine-related clusters in SKCM patients. Two clusters of DEGs were discovered to be primarily enriched in B and T cell receptor signaling pathways as well as TNF signaling via NF-kappa-B. Based on 14 prognosis-related DEGs from aforementioned two clusters (CCL8, GBP2, GBP4, SRNG, HLA-DMB, RARRES3, HLA-DQA1, PARP12, APOL3, IRF1, HLA-DRA, UBE2L6, IL2RA and CD38), a chemokine-related 14-gene prognostic model was established. At the same time, researchers explored differences between the low-risk and high-risk groups in clinical traits, the proportion of infiltration of 22 different types of immune cells, and how well medications worked. The risk score model's immunotherapy and prognostic predictions were also confirmed in testing groups. Based on the finding, we can claim that there is a clear link between chemokines and TME in SKCM. The risk score may perform as a trustworthy prediction model, giving therapeutic benefits for both chemotherapy and immunotherapy, as well as being beneficial for clinical decision making in SKCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Ding
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Youming Huang
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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31
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Bazargan S, Bunch B, Ojwang‘ AME, Blauvelt J, Landin A, Ali J, Abrahams D, Cox C, Hall AM, Beatty MS, Poch M, Rejniak KA, Pilon-Thomas S. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells with gemcitabine to enhance efficacy of adoptive cell therapy in bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275375. [PMID: 37901214 PMCID: PMC10602731 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New therapeutics in development for bladder cancer need to address the recalcitrant nature of the disease. Intravesical adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can potentially induce durable responses in bladder cancer while maximizing T cells at the tumor site. T cells infused into the bladder directly encounter immunosuppressive populations, such as myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), that can attenuate T cell responses. Intravesical instillation of gemcitabine can be used as a lymphodepleting agent to precondition the bladder microenvironment for infused T cell products. Methods Urine samples from bladder cancer patients and healthy donors were analyzed by flow cytometry and cytometric bead array for immune profiling and cytokine quantification. MDSCs were isolated from the urine and cocultured with stimulated T cells to assess effects on proliferation. An orthotopic murine model of bladder cancer was established using the MB49-OVA cell line and immune profiling was performed. MDSCs from tumor-bearing mice were cocultured with OT-I splenocytes to assess T cell proliferation. Mice received intravesical instillation of gemcitabine and depletion of immune cells was measured via flow cytometry. Bladder tumor growth of mice treated with intravesical gemcitabine, OT-I transgenic T cells, or combination was monitored via ultrasound measurement. Results In comparison to healthy donors, urine specimen from bladder cancer patients show high levels of MDSCs and cytokines associated with myeloid chemotaxis, T cell chemotaxis, and inflammation. T cells isolated from healthy donors were less proliferative when cocultured with MDSCs from the urine. Orthotopic murine bladder tumors also presented with high levels of MDSCs along with enrichment of cytokines found in the patient urine samples. MDSCs isolated from spleens of tumor-bearing mice exerted suppressive effects on the proliferation of OT-I T cells. Intravesical instillation of gemcitabine reduced overall immune cells, MDSCs, and T cells in orthotopic bladder tumors. Combination treatment with gemcitabine and OT-I T cells resulted in sustained anti-tumor responses in comparison to monotherapy treatments. Conclusion MDSCs are enriched within the microenvironment of bladder tumors and are suppressive to T cells. Gemcitabine can be used to lymphodeplete bladder tumors and precondition the microenvironment for intravesical ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bazargan
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brittany Bunch
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Jamie Blauvelt
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Annick Landin
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Johannes Ali
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dominique Abrahams
- Comparative Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Cheryl Cox
- Cell Therapy Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amy M. Hall
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Matthew S. Beatty
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Michael Poch
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Katarzyna A. Rejniak
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Shari Pilon-Thomas
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
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32
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Sahni S, Wang B, Wu D, Dhruba SR, Nagy M, Patkar S, Ferreira I, Wang K, Ruppin E. Deactivation of ligand-receptor interactions enhancing lymphocyte infiltration drives melanoma resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.20.558683. [PMID: 37886558 PMCID: PMC10602042 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.558683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is a promising cancer therapy; however, resistance often develops. To learn more about ICB resistance mechanisms, we developed IRIS (Immunotherapy Resistance cell-cell Interaction Scanner), a machine learning model aimed at identifying candidate ligand-receptor interactions (LRI) that are likely to mediate ICB resistance in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We developed and applied IRIS to identify resistance-mediating cell-type-specific ligand-receptor interactions by analyzing deconvolved transcriptomics data of the five largest melanoma ICB therapy cohorts. This analysis identifies a set of specific ligand-receptor pairs that are deactivated as tumors develop resistance, which we refer to as resistance deactivated interactions (RDI). Quite strikingly, the activity of these RDIs in pre-treatment samples offers a markedly stronger predictive signal for ICB therapy response compared to those that are activated as tumors develop resistance. Their predictive accuracy surpasses the state-of-the-art published transcriptomics biomarker signatures across an array of melanoma ICB datasets. Many of these RDIs are involved in chemokine signaling. Indeed, we further validate on an independent large melanoma patient cohort that their activity is associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration and enriched in hot/brisk tumors. Taken together, this study presents a new strongly predictive ICB response biomarker signature, showing that following ICB treatment resistant tumors turn inhibit lymphocyte infiltration by deactivating specific key ligand-receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Sahni
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Binbin Wang
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Saugato Rahman Dhruba
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Matthew Nagy
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Sushant Patkar
- Artificial Intelligence Resource, Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ingrid Ferreira
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge UK
| | - Kun Wang
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory (CDSL), Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD USA
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Wang Y, Pattarayan D, Huang H, Zhao Y, Li S, Wang Y, Zhang M, Li S, Yang D. Systematic investigation of chemo-immunotherapy synergism to shift anti-PD-1 resistance in cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3290264. [PMID: 37790509 PMCID: PMC10543256 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3290264/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemo-immunotherapy combinations have been regarded as one of the most practical ways to improve immunotherapy response in cancer patients. In this study, we integrated the transcriptomics data from immunotherapy-treated tumors and compound-treated cell lines to systematically identify chemo-immunotherapy synergisms and their underlying mechanisms. Through analyzing anti-PD-1 treatment induced expression changes in patient tumors, we developed a shift ability score that can measure whether a chemotherapy treatment shifts anti-PD-1 response. By applying the shift ability analysis on 41,321 compounds and 16,853 shRNA treated cancer cell line expression profiles, we characterized a systematic landscape of chemo-immunotherapy synergism and prioritized 17 potential synergy targets. Further investigation of the treatment induced transcriptomic data revealed that a mitophagy-dsRNA-MAVS-dependent activation of type I IFN signaling may be a novel mechanism for chemo-immunotherapy synergism. Our study represents the first comprehensive effort to mechanistically characterize chemo-immunotherapy synergism and will facilitate future pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dhamotharan Pattarayan
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Haozhe Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yueshan Zhao
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sihan Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Da Yang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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Wenthe J, Eriksson E, Hellström AC, Moreno R, Ullenhag G, Alemany R, Lövgren T, Loskog A. Immunostimulatory gene therapy targeting CD40, 4-1BB and IL-2R activates DCs and stimulates antigen-specific T-cell and NK-cell responses in melanoma models. J Transl Med 2023; 21:506. [PMID: 37501121 PMCID: PMC10373363 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04374-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The activation of dendritic cells (DCs) is pivotal for generating antigen-specific T-cell responses to eradicate tumor cells. Hence, immunotherapies targeting this interplay are especially intriguing. Moreover, it is of interest to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), as this harsh milieu often impairs adaptive immune responses. Oncolytic viral therapy presents an opportunity to overcome the immunosuppression in tumors by destroying tumor cells and thereby releasing antigens and immunostimulatory factors. These effects can be further amplified by the introduction of transgenes expressed by the virus. METHODS Lokon oncolytic adenoviruses (LOAd) belong to a platform of chimeric serotype Ad5/35 viruses that have their replication restricted to tumor cells, but the expression of transgenes is permitted in all infected cells. LOAd732 is a novel oncolytic adenovirus that expresses three essential immunostimulatory transgenes: trimerized membrane-bound CD40L, 4-1BBL and IL-2. Transgene expression was determined with flow cytometry and ELISA and the oncolytic function was evaluated with viability assays and xenograft models. The activation profiles of DCs were investigated in co-cultures with tumor cells or in an autologous antigen-specific T cell model by flow cytometry and multiplex proteomic analysis. Statistical differences were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test. RESULTS All three transgenes were expressed in infected melanoma cells and DCs and transgene expression did not impair the oncolytic activity in tumor cells. DCs were matured post LOAd732 infection and expressed a multitude of co-stimulatory molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines crucial for T-cell responses. Furthermore, these DCs were capable of expanding and stimulating antigen-specific T cells in addition to natural killer (NK) cells. Strikingly, the addition of immunosuppressive cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-10 did not affect the ability of LOAd732-matured DCs to expand antigen-specific T cells and these cells retained an enhanced activation profile. CONCLUSIONS LOAd732 is a novel immunostimulatory gene therapy based on an oncolytic adenovirus that expresses three transgenes, which are essential for mediating an anti-tumor immune response by activating DCs and stimulating T and NK cells even under imunosuppressive conditions commonly present in the TME. These qualities make LOAd732 an appealing new immunotherapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wenthe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Lokon Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Emma Eriksson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Lokon Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Hellström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rafael Moreno
- IDIBELL-Institute Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustav Ullenhag
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ramon Alemany
- IDIBELL-Institute Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanja Lövgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Angelica Loskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Lokon Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden
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Korotkaja K, Jansons J, Spunde K, Rudevica Z, Zajakina A. Establishment and Characterization of Free-Floating 3D Macrophage Programming Model in the Presence of Cancer Cell Spheroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10763. [PMID: 37445941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Several studies have shown that cancer cells induce/support the formation of immunosuppressive TAMs phenotypes. However, the specific factors that orchestrate this immunosuppressive process are unknown or poorly studied. In vivo studies are expensive, complex, and ethically constrained. Therefore, 3D cell interaction models could become a unique framework for the identification of important TAMs programming factors. In this study, we have established and characterized a new in vitro 3D model for macrophage programming in the presence of cancer cell spheroids. First, it was demonstrated that the profile of cytokines, chemokines, and surface markers of 3D-cultured macrophages did not differ conceptually from monolayer-cultured M1 and M2-programmed macrophages. Second, the possibility of reprogramming macrophages in 3D conditions was investigated. In total, the dynamic changes in 6 surface markers, 11 cytokines, and 22 chemokines were analyzed upon macrophage programming (M1 and M2) and reprogramming (M1→M2 and M2→M1). According to the findings, the reprogramming resulted in a mixed macrophage phenotype that expressed both immunosuppressive and anti-cancer immunostimulatory features. Third, cancer cell spheroids were shown to stimulate the production of immunosuppressive M2 markers as well as pro-tumor cytokines and chemokines. In summary, the newly developed 3D model of cancer cell spheroid/macrophage co-culture under free-floating conditions can be used for studies on macrophage plasticity and for the development of targeted cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Korotkaja
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, k.1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Juris Jansons
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, k.1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Karina Spunde
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, k.1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Zhanna Rudevica
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, k.1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anna Zajakina
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, k.1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
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Yan W, Qiu L, Yang M, Xu A, Ma M, Yuan Q, Ma X, Liang W, Li X, Lu Y. CXCL10 mediates CD8 + T cells to facilitate vessel normalization and improve the efficacy of cetuximab combined with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2023:216263. [PMID: 37354983 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The immunotherapy and anti-EGFR targeted treatment occupying a pivotal position in colorectal cancer (CRC), is still limited to a group of patients who display specific molecular alterations and inevitably escape from resistance, further studies are still needed in colorectal cancer. We found that chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) expression correlates with intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and reprograms tumor vasculatures in colorectal cancer. CXCL10 overexpression not only suppressed tumor growth but also increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and induced tumor vascular normalization in vivo. Additionally, the growth inhibition and tumor vascular normalization induced by CXCL10 can be reversed by the depletion of CD8+ T cells in vivo. Mechanically, CXCL10 interacts with VCAN to mediate tumor vascular normalization. The VCAN expression correlated inversely with the expression of CXCL10 and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in CRC. Elevated CXCL10 expression sensitized colorectal cancer cells to cetuximab/anti-PD1 combination therapy compared with cetuximab or anti-PD1 alone. We propose that CXCL10 could be used to increase the anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy effect, targeting both tumor vessels and immune cells in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Lin Qiu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Meiling Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Anran Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Manqi Ma
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Qinzi Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wenjuan Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xuenong Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yanxia Lu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Shi SX, Xiu Y, Li Y, Yuan M, Shi K, Liu Q, Wang X, Jin WN. CD4 + T cells aggravate hemorrhagic brain injury. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eabq0712. [PMID: 37285421 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration accelerates brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Yet, the involvement of T lymphocytes in this process has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that CD4+ T cells accumulate in the perihematomal regions in the brains of patients with ICH and ICH mouse models. T cells activation in the ICH brain is concurrent with the course of perihematomal edema (PHE) development, and depletion of CD4+ T cells reduced PHE volumes and improved neurological deficits in ICH mice. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that brain-infiltrating T cells exhibited enhanced proinflammatory and proapoptotic signatures. Consequently, CD4+ T cells disrupt the blood-brain barrier integrity and promote PHE progression through interleukin-17 release; furthermore, the TRAIL-expressing CD4+ T cells engage DR5 to trigger endothelial death. Recognition of T cell contribution to ICH-induced neural injury is instrumental for designing immunomodulatory therapies for this dreadful disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel X Shi
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yuwen Xiu
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaibin Shi
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wei-Na Jin
- Center for Neurological Diseases, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Chibaya L, Murphy KC, DeMarco KD, Gopalan S, Liu H, Parikh CN, Lopez-Diaz Y, Faulkner M, Li J, Morris JP, Ho YJ, Chana SK, Simon J, Luan W, Kulick A, de Stanchina E, Simin K, Zhu LJ, Fazzio TG, Lowe SW, Ruscetti M. EZH2 inhibition remodels the inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype to potentiate pancreatic cancer immune surveillance. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:872-892. [PMID: 37142692 PMCID: PMC10516132 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies that produce durable responses in some malignancies have failed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to rampant immune suppression and poor tumor immunogenicity. We and others have demonstrated that induction of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) can be an effective approach to activate anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cell and T cell immunity. In the present study, we found that the pancreas tumor microenvironment suppresses NK cell and T cell surveillance after therapy-induced senescence through enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-mediated epigenetic repression of proinflammatory SASP genes. EZH2 blockade stimulated production of SASP chemokines CCL2 and CXCL9/10, leading to enhanced NK cell and T cell infiltration and PDAC eradication in mouse models. EZH2 activity was also associated with suppression of chemokine signaling and cytotoxic lymphocytes and reduced survival in patients with PDAC. These results demonstrate that EZH2 represses the proinflammatory SASP and that EZH2 inhibition combined with senescence-inducing therapy could be a powerful means to achieve immune-mediated tumor control in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretah Chibaya
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Katherine C Murphy
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kelly D DeMarco
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sneha Gopalan
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chaitanya N Parikh
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yvette Lopez-Diaz
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Faulkner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - John P Morris
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sachliv K Chana
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Janelle Simon
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Luan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Kulick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl Simin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lihua Julie Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Thomas G Fazzio
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Marcus Ruscetti
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Medical Chan School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical Chan School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Romano G, Paradiso F, Li P, Shukla P, Barger LN, Naggar OE, Miller JP, Liang RJ, Helms TL, Lazar AJ, Wargo JA, Taraballi F, Costello JC, Kwong LN. Microparticle-Delivered Cxcl9 Prolongs Braf Inhibitor Efficacy in Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:558-569. [PMID: 36820825 PMCID: PMC10159986 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma show substantial responses to combined BRAF and MEK inhibition, but most relapse within 2 years. A major reservoir for drug resistance is minimal residual disease (MRD), comprised of drug-tolerant tumor cells laying in a dormant state. Towards exploiting potential therapeutic vulnerabilities of MRD, we established a genetically engineered mouse model of BrafV600E-driven melanoma MRD wherein genetic BrafV600E extinction leads to strong but incomplete tumor regression. Transcriptional time-course analysis after BrafV600E extinction revealed that after an initial surge of immune activation, tumors later became immunologically "cold" after MRD establishment. Computational analysis identified candidate T-cell recruiting chemokines as strongly upregulated initially and steeply decreasing as the immune response faded. Therefore, we hypothesized that sustaining chemokine signaling could impair MRD maintenance through increased recruitment of effector T cells. We found that intratumoral administration of recombinant Cxcl9 (rCxcl9), either naked or loaded in microparticles, significantly impaired MRD relapse in BRAF-inhibited tumors, including several complete pathologic responses after microparticle-delivered rCxcl9 combined with BRAF and MEK inhibition. Our experiments constitute proof of concept that chemokine-based microparticle delivery systems are a potential strategy to forestall tumor relapse and thus improve the clinical success of first-line treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Romano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Immune Cell Regulation & Targeting Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Francesca Paradiso
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Department of Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Reproductive Biology and Gynecological Oncology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pooja Shukla
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lindsay N Barger
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Olivia El Naggar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John P Miller
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roger J Liang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy L Helms
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Department of Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - James C Costello
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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40
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Bordeaux ZA, Reddy SV, Lee K, Lu W, Choi J, Miller M, Roberts C, Pollizzi A, Kwatra SG, Kwatra MM. Differential Response of Mycosis Fungoides Cells to Vorinostat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098075. [PMID: 37175780 PMCID: PMC10179468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and is characterized by epidermotrophism of malignant CD4+ T-lymphocytes. When MF advances to a recurrent stage, patients require treatment with systemic therapies such as vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. While vorinostat has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor activity in MF, its exact molecular mechanism has yet to be fully discerned. In the present study, we examined the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of vorinostat treatment in two MF cell lines, Myla 2059 and HH. We find that vorinostat downregulates CTLA-4, CXCR4, and CCR7 in both cell lines, but its effect on several key pathways differs between the two MF cell lines. For example, vorinostat upregulates CCL5, CCR5, and CXCL10 expression in Myla cells but downregulates CCL5 and CXCL10 expression in HH cells. Furthermore, vorinostat upregulates IFN-γ and IL-23 signaling and downregulates IL-6, IL-7, and IL-15 signaling in Myla cells but does not affect these pathways in HH cells. Although Myla and HH represent established MF cell lines, their distinct tumor origin from separate patients demonstrates that inherent phenotypic variations within the disease persist, underscoring the importance of using a variety of MF cells in the preclinical development of MF therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Bordeaux
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sriya V Reddy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Weiying Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Justin Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Meghan Miller
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Callie Roberts
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Anthony Pollizzi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Shawn G Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Madan M Kwatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Chen JH, Nieman LT, Spurrell M, Jorgji V, Richieri P, Xu KH, Madhu R, Parikh M, Zamora I, Mehta A, Nabel CS, Freeman SS, Pirl JD, Lu C, Meador CB, Barth JL, Sakhi M, Tang AL, Sarkizova S, Price C, Fernandez NF, Emanuel G, He J, Raay KV, Reeves JW, Yizhak K, Hofree M, Shih A, Sade-Feldman M, Boland GM, Pelka K, Aryee M, Korsunsky I, Mino-Kenudson M, Gainor JF, Hacohen N. Spatial analysis of human lung cancer reveals organized immune hubs enriched for stem-like CD8 T cells and associated with immunotherapy response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.04.535379. [PMID: 37066412 PMCID: PMC10104028 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.535379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The organization of immune cells in human tumors is not well understood. Immunogenic tumors harbor spatially-localized multicellular 'immunity hubs' defined by expression of the T cell-attracting chemokines CXCL10/CXCL11 and abundant T cells. Here, we examined immunity hubs in human pre-immunotherapy lung cancer specimens, and found that they were associated with beneficial responses to PD-1-blockade. Immunity hubs were enriched for many interferon-stimulated genes, T cells in multiple differentiation states, and CXCL9/10/11 + macrophages that preferentially interact with CD8 T cells. Critically, we discovered the stem-immunity hub, a subtype of immunity hub strongly associated with favorable PD-1-blockade outcomes, distinct from mature tertiary lymphoid structures, and enriched for stem-like TCF7+PD-1+ CD8 T cells and activated CCR7 + LAMP3 + dendritic cells, as well as chemokines that organize these cells. These results elucidate the spatial organization of the human intratumoral immune response and its relevance to patient immunotherapy outcomes.
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Yang L, Lang Y, Wu H, Xiang K, Wang Y, Yu M, Liu Y, Yang B, He L, Lu G, Ni Q, Chen X, Zhang L. Engineered Toll-like Receptor Nanoagonist Binding to Extracellular Matrix Elicits Safe and Robust Antitumor Immunity. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5340-5353. [PMID: 36913671 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, such as the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist including CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, has shown potency in clinical settings. However, it is still confronted with multiple challenges, which include the limited efficacy and severe adverse events caused by the rapid clearance and systemic diffusion of CpG. Here we report an improved CpG-based immunotherapy approach composed of a synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM)-anchored DNA/peptide hybrid nanoagonist (EaCpG) via (1) a tailor designed DNA template that encodes tetramer CpG and additional short DNA moieties, (2) generation of elongated multimeric CpG through rolling circle amplification (RCA), (3) self-assembly of densely packaged CpG particles composed of tandem CpG building blocks and magnesium pyrophosphate, and (4) incorporation of multiple copies of ECM binding peptide through hybridization to short DNA moieties. The structurally well-defined EaCpG shows dramatically increased intratumoral retention and marginal systemic dissemination through peritumoral administration, leading to potent antitumor immune response and subsequent tumor elimination, with minimal treatment-related toxicity. Combined with conventional standard-of-care therapies, peritumor administration of EaCpG generates systemic immune responses that lead to a curative abscopal effect on distant untreated tumors in multiple cancer models, which is superior to the unmodified CpG. Taken together, EaCpG provides a facile and generalizable strategy to simultaneously potentiate the potency and safety of CpG for combinational cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Lang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoguang Wu
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaiyan Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanzheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqi Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Bowei Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Liangcan He
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianqian Ni
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Longjiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu, China
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Seo YN, Baik JS, Lee SM, Lee JE, Ahn HR, Lim MS, Park MT, Kim SD. Ionizing Radiation Selectively Increases CXC Ligand 10 Level via the DNA-Damage-Induced p38 MAPK-STAT1 Pathway in Murine J774A.1 Macrophages. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071009. [PMID: 37048082 PMCID: PMC10093567 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is an important means of tumor treatment in addition to surgery and drugs. Attempts have been made to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy by identifying the various biological effects of IR on cells. Components of the tumor microenvironment, such as macrophages, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells, influence cancer treatment outcomes through communication with tumor cells. In this study, we found that IR selectively increased the production of CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), which is emerging as an important biomarker for determining the prognosis of anticancer treatments, without changing the levels of CXCL9 and CXCL11 in murine J774A.1 macrophages. Pretreatment with KU55933, an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor, significantly inhibited IR-induced CXCL10 production. In contrast, pretreatment with N-acetyl-cysteine or glutathione, a reactive oxygen species scavenger, did not inhibit IR-induced CXCL10 production. Further, we attempted to identify the intracellular molecular target associated with the IR-induced increase in CXCL10 secretion by J774A.1 macrophages. IR phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in J774A.1 macrophages, and p38 MAPK and STAT1 were involved in CXCL10 via IR using pharmacological inhibitors (SB203580 and fludarabine, respectively) and the siRNA technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Na Seo
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inge University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sue Baik
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Mi Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyoung Pook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyoung Pook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyoung Pook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Lim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyoung Pook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Taek Park
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-T.P.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Sung Dae Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyoung Pook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-T.P.); (S.D.K.)
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Wang M, Duan Y, Yang M, Guo Y, Li F, Wang J, Si T. The analysis of immunogenic cell death induced by ablation at different temperatures in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1146195. [PMID: 37187618 PMCID: PMC10175605 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1146195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ablation therapy is a commonly used tool in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). After ablation, dying cancer cells release a variety of substances that trigger subsequent immune responses. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been a trending topic in recent years and has been discussed many times along with oncologic chemotherapy. However, the subject of ablative therapy and ICDs has been little discussed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ablation treatment induces ICD in HCC cells and whether different types of ICDs arise because of different ablation temperatures. Methods: Four different HCC cell lines (H22, Hepa-16, HepG2 and SMMC7221) were cultured and treated under different temperatures (-80°C, -40°C, 0°C, 37°C, and 60°C). Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to analyze the viability of different cell lines. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry assay, and a few ICD-related cytokines (calreticulin, ATP, high mobility group box 1, and CXCL10) were detected by immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The apoptosis rate of all kinds of cells increased significantly in -80°C group (p < 0.01) and 60°C group (p < 0.01). The expression levels of ICD-related cytokines were mostly significantly different between the different groups. For calreticulin, Hepa1-6 cells and SMMC7221 cells showed significantly higher protein expression levels in 60°C group (p < 0.01) and significantly lower protein expression levels -80°C group (p < 0.01). The ATP, high mobility group box 1 and CXCL10 expression levels were significantly higher in 60°C, -80°C and -40°C group of all four cell lines (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Different ablative treatments could induce different types of ICDs in HCC cells, providing a promising track for the development of individualized cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaxin Duan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Interventional Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongfei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Interventional Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengtan Li
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongguo Si
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Interventional Treatment, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Tongguo Si,
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45
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Fan B, Zheng X, Wang Y, Hu X. Predicting prognosis and clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy via interferon-alpha response in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1611117. [PMID: 37082269 PMCID: PMC10110843 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1611117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) can prompt durable and robust responses in multiple cancers, involving muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, only a limited fraction of patients received clinical benefit. Clarifying the determinants of response and exploring corresponding predictive biomarkers is key to improving outcomes. Methods: Four independent formerly published cohorts consisting of 641 MIBC patients were enrolled in this study. We first analyzed the associations between various cancer hallmarks and ICB therapy response in two immunotherapeutic cohorts to identify the leading prognostic hallmark in MIBC. Furthermore, advanced machine learning methods were performed to select robust and promising predictors from genes functioning in the above leading pathway. The predictive ability of selected genes was also validated in multiple MIBC cohorts. Results: We identified and verified IFNα response as the leading cancer hallmark indicating better treatment responses, favorable overall survival, and an inflamed tumor microenvironment with higher infiltration of immune effector cells in MIBC patients treated with ICB therapy. Subsequently, two commonly selected genes, CXCL10 and LAMP3, implied better therapy response and the CXCL10highLAMP3high patients would benefit more from ICB therapy, which was comprehensively validated from the perspective of gene expression, clinical response, patient survival and immune features. Conclusion: Higher IFNα response primarily predicted better ICB therapeutic responses and reflected an inflamed microenvironment in MIBC. A composite of CXCL10 and LAMP3 expression could serve as promising predictive biomarkers for ICB therapeutic responses and be beneficial for clinical decision-making in MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Fan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Urology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaopeng Hu,
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46
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Canar J, Darling K, Dadey R, Gamero AM. The duality of STAT2 mediated type I interferon signaling in the tumor microenvironment and chemoresistance. Cytokine 2023; 161:156081. [PMID: 36327541 PMCID: PMC9720715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment consists of tumor cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels, and non-tumor cells such as fibroblasts and immune cells. Crosstalk among components of this cellular ecosystem can transform non-malignant cells and promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Evidence is accumulating that the transcription factor STAT2, a downstream effector of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, can either inhibit or promote tumorigenesis depending on the unique environment presented by each type of cancer. STAT2 has long been associated with the canonical JAK/STAT pathway involved in various biological processes including reshaping of the tumor microenvironment and in antitumor immunity. This dichotomous tendency of STAT2 to both inhibit and worsen tumor formation makes the protein a curious, and yet relatively ill-defined player in many cancer pathways involving IFN-I. In this review, we discuss the role of STAT2 in contributing to either a tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic microenvironment as well as chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Canar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kennedy Darling
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan Dadey
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ana M Gamero
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Chen G, Xiong W, Gu Z, Gao Y, Hou J, Long L, Wang H, Asrorov AM, Muhitdinov B, Xu Q, Huang Y. Mannosylated engineered trichosanthin-legumain protein vaccine hydrogel for breast cancer immunotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1485-1494. [PMID: 36395942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of cancer vaccines based on tumor-associated antigens is hurdled by lack of an efficient adjuvant and insufficient efficacy. To improve the efficacy of vaccines, a genetically-engineered method was employed in this work to achieve the codelivery of antigen and adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Trichosanthin is a plant-derived protein that possesses cancer immune stimulation function. A genetically engineered protein vaccine composed of trichosanthin (adjuvant) and legumain domain (a peptidic antigen) was constructed, which was further chemically modified with mannose for targeting dendritic cells (DCs). The method is facile and ready for scaling up for massive production. Such a "two-in-one" vaccine is advantageous for codelivery for augmenting the immune responses. The vaccine inhibited the tumors by triggering a robust cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in the orthotopic-breast-tumor mice. Furthermore, the vaccine was loaded into the temperature-sensitive hydrogel based on Pluronic F127 for implanting use in the post-surgical site. The sustained-released vaccine from the hydrogel inhibited not only the tumor recurrence but also the lung metastases of breast cancer. These findings demonstrated that it was a safe and effective vaccination for breast cancer immunotherapy in a prophylactical and therapeutical manner for remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment and arresting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Zeyun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiazhen Hou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, 10, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Long
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Akmal M Asrorov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 83, M. Ulughbek Street, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Bahtiyor Muhitdinov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 83, M. Ulughbek Street, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Qin Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510450, China.
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, The Institutes of Drug Discovery and Development, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, 10, Nanjing 210023, China.
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EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Induced Activation of the Autocrine CXCL10/CXCR3 Pathway through Crosstalk between the Tumor and the Microenvironment in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010124. [PMID: 36612121 PMCID: PMC9817815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL10 is a cytokine that is elevated during EGFR-TKI treatment in the tumor microenvironment of lung cancer. Here, we report an original study that the impact of the CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway on EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer through a cytokine array analysis during in vitro coculture with tumor cells and activated PBMCs treated with EGFR-TKI, as well as the serial analysis of CXCL10 in EGFR-mutant lung cancer transgenic mice during EGFR-TKI treatment. In EGFR-mutant tumor cells cocultured with activated PBMCs, EGFR-TKI treatment increased CXCL10 in the supernatant; this activated CXCR3 in the tumor cells to induce the phosphorylation of Src and the NF-κB subunit, p65, and the expression of HIF-1α. CXCL10 siRNA treatment of EGFR-mutant tumor cells also decreased CXCL10 in the supernatant from coculturing with activated PBMCs, suggesting that the effects of CXCL10 occur via autocrine and paracrine pathways. Importantly, elevated CXCL10/CXCR3 signaling was recapitulated in a transgenic lung cancer mouse model. Our results show that increased CXCL10 levels during early EGFR-TKI treatment stimulate oncogenic signaling of persistent tumor cells to contribute to EGFR-TKI resistance via autocrine and paracrine pathways.
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Raja R, Wu C, Bassoy EY, Rubino TE, Utagawa EC, Magtibay PM, Butler KA, Curtis M. PP4 inhibition sensitizes ovarian cancer to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity via STAT1 activation and inflammatory signaling. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005026. [PMID: 36564125 PMCID: PMC9791393 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased infiltration of T cells into ovarian tumors has been repeatedly shown to be predictive of enhanced patient survival. However, despite the evidence of an active immune response in ovarian cancer (OC), the frequency of responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in OC is much lower than other cancer types. Recent studies have highlighted that deficiencies in the DNA damage response (DDR) can drive increased genomic instability and tumor immunogenicity, which leads to enhanced responses to ICB. Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) is a critical regulator of the DDR; however, its potential role in antitumor immunity is currently unknown. RESULTS Our results show that the PP4 inhibitor, fostriecin, combined with carboplatin leads to increased carboplatin sensitivity, DNA damage, and micronuclei formation. Using multiple OC cell lines, we show that PP4 inhibition or PPP4C knockdown combined with carboplatin triggers inflammatory signaling via Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation. This resulted in increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines: CCL5, CXCL10, and IL-6. In addition, IFNB1 expression was increased suggesting activation of the type I interferon response. Conditioned media from OC cells treated with the combination of PP4 inhibitor and carboplatin significantly increased migration of both CD8 T cell and natural killer (NK) cells over carboplatin treatment alone. Knockdown of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in OC cells significantly abrogated the increase in CD8 T-cell migration induced by PP4 inhibition. Co-culture of NK-92 cells and OC cells with PPP4C or PPP4R3B knockdown resulted in strong induction of NK cell interferon-γ, increased degranulation, and increased NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against OC cells. Stable knockdown of PP4C in a syngeneic, immunocompetent mouse model of OC resulted in significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo. Tumors with PP4C knockdown had increased infiltration of NK cells, NK T cells, and CD4+ T cells. Addition of low dose carboplatin treatment led to increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration in PP4C knockdown tumors as compared with the untreated PP4C knockdown tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our work has identified a role for PP4 inhibition in promoting inflammatory signaling and enhanced immune cell effector function. These findings support the further investigation of PP4 inhibitors to enhance chemo-immunotherapy for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Raja
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher Wu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Esen Yonca Bassoy
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Thomas E Rubino
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Emma C Utagawa
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Paul M Magtibay
- Department of Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Kristina A Butler
- Department of Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Marion Curtis
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA,Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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Wang L, Xu H, Weng L, Sun J, Jin Y, Xiao C. Activation of cancer immunotherapy by nanomedicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1041073. [PMID: 36618938 PMCID: PMC9814015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1041073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult diseases to be treated in the world. Immunotherapy has made great strides in cancer treatment in recent years, and several tumor immunotherapy drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Currently, immunotherapy faces many challenges, such as lacking specificity, cytotoxicity, drug resistance, etc. Nanoparticles have the characteristics of small particle size and stable surface function, playing a miraculous effect in anti-tumor treatment. Nanocarriers such as polymeric micelles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, and inorganic nanoparticles have been widely used to overcome deficits in cancer treatments including toxicity, insufficient specificity, and low bioavailability. Although nanomedicine research is extensive, only a few nanomedicines are approved to be used. Either Bottlenecks or solutions of nanomedicine in immunotherapy need to be further explored to cope with challenges. In this review, a brief overview of several types of cancer immunotherapy approaches and their advantages and disadvantages will be provided. Then, the types of nanomedicines, drug delivery strategies, and the progress of applications are introduced. Finally, the application and prospect of nanomedicines in immunotherapy and Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) are highlighted and summarized to address the problems of immunotherapy the overall goal of this article is to provide insights into the potential use of nanomedicines and to improve the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Henan Xu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Weng
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ye Jin, ; Chunping Xiao,
| | - Chunping Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Ye Jin, ; Chunping Xiao,
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