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Shen Y, Gu Y, Tang Y, Shen H, Liu C. Geographical distribution of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms among the reproductive-age women in Chinese Han populations: based on migration. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:407. [PMID: 39026333 PMCID: PMC11256367 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is essential for the metabolism of folic acid and homocysteine. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with several disorders. Our study aims to explore the geographical distributions of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism of women in China and how migration affected the polymorphism in Suzhou. METHODS A total of 7188 women of reproductive age were recruited in Suzhou of the study. Subjects were classified according to their native places after data extraction. MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms were detected by quantitative PCR with genomic DNA isolated from blood samples. RESULTS The frequencies of the 677T allele and 677TT genotype were higher in northern China than that in southern China and decreased in geographical gradients from north to south. The frequencies were considerably higher in the migrant population than that in the indigenous population of Suzhou. The migrant population have gradually changed the prevalence in Suzhou. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the prevalence of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms among women varied across different geographical regions in Chinese Han populations. The 677T allele frequencies of the northern populations were significantly higher than those of the southern populations. The migrant population gradually changed the prevalence of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Suzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifen Shen
- Department of Central Lab, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Ludang Road 2666, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215200, China
| | - Yongchun Gu
- Department of Central Lab, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Ludang Road 2666, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215200, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Central Lab, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Ludang Road 2666, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215200, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Ludang Road 2666, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215200, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Ludang Road 2666, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215200, China.
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Aragão MÂ, Pires L, Santos-Buelga C, Barros L, Calhelha RC. Revitalising Riboflavin: Unveiling Its Timeless Significance in Human Physiology and Health. Foods 2024; 13:2255. [PMID: 39063339 PMCID: PMC11276209 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the early twentieth century, research on vitamins has revealed their therapeutic potential beyond their role as essential micronutrients. Riboflavin, known as vitamin B2, stands out for its unique characteristics. Despite numerous studies, riboflavin remains vital, with implications for human health. Abundantly present in various foods, riboflavin acts as a coenzyme in numerous enzymatic reactions crucial for human metabolism. Its role in energy production, erythrocyte synthesis, and vitamin metabolism underscores its importance in maintaining homeostasis. The impact of riboflavin extends to neurological function, skin health, and cardiovascular well-being, with adequate levels linked to reduced risks of various ailments. However, inadequate intake or physiological stress can lead to deficiency, a condition that poses serious health risks, including severe complications. This underscores the importance of maintaining sufficient levels of riboflavin for general wellness. The essential role of riboflavin in immune function further emphasises its significance for human health and vitality. This paper examines the diverse effects of riboflavin on health and stresses the importance of maintaining sufficient levels for overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ângela Aragão
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.Â.A.); (L.P.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Lara Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.Â.A.); (L.P.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Universidad de Salamanca, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.Â.A.); (L.P.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.Â.A.); (L.P.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório Associado para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Huang Y, Su T, Duan Q, Wei X, Fan X, Wan J, Liu L, Dian Z, Zhang G, Sun Y, Zhou T, Xu Y. Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase rs1801133 Gene Polymorphism with Cancer Risk and Septin 9 Methylation in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:778-786. [PMID: 38252186 PMCID: PMC11186932 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, with a high incidence and mortality worldwide. Methylated Septin 9 (mSEPT9) has been used clinically as an auxiliary tool for CRC screening. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) rs1801133 polymorphism with the risk of CRC and the methylation status of Septin 9 in CRC. METHODS Information of 540 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CRC and with a physical examination were utilized to assess the association of the MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism with CRC and the methylation of SEPT9. MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The commercial Septin 9 Gene Methylation(mSEPT9) Detection Kit was used for plasma SEPT9 methylation analysis. RESULTS Among 540 patients, 61.48% were men and the median age was 54.47 ± 13.14. 65.37% of all colorectal tumors developed in the rectum. 195 patients had negative mSEPT9 methylation, while 345 had positive results. 87 individuals with stage I, 90 with stage II, 287 with stage III, and 76 with stage IV colorectal cancer were included in the sample. The results demonstrated that the positivity rate and degree of methylation of mSEPT9 were remarkably higher in patients with more advanced TNM stages than in those with less advanced stages. The frequencies of the MTHFR rs1801133 CC genotype and allele C carriers in patients with CRC were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, respectively). The positivity rate of the mSEPT9 assay was significantly higher among the MTHFR rs1801133 TT genotype and allele T carriers than among the CC and allele C carriers respectively. The MTHFR rs1801133 TT genotype and allele T carriers were positively associated with the methylation of SEPT9 (OR = 3.320, 95% CI 1.485-7.424, P = 0.003 and OR = 1.783, 95% CI 1.056-3.010, P = 0.030, respectively). CONCLUSION In conclusion, individuals harboring the MTHFR rs1801133 CC genotype had a higher risk of CRC and the MTHFR rs1801133 TT carriers were more susceptible to Septin 9 gene methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuting Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xiangcong Wei
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jinxiu Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Luping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Ziqin Dian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guiqian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dianmian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China.
| | - Ya Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
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Shi Y, Zhang Z, Wang B, Wang Y, Kong X, Sun Y, Li A, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Huo Y, Huang H. Effect of plateletcrit and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotypes on folic acid efficacy in stroke prevention. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:110. [PMID: 38724491 PMCID: PMC11082186 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that low platelet count combined with high plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) increased stroke risk and can be lowered by 73% with folic acid. However, the combined role of other platelet activation parameters and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotypes on stroke risk and folic acid treatment benefit remain to be examined. This study aimed to investigate if platelet activation parameters and MTHFR genotypes jointly impact folic acid treatment efficacy in first stroke prevention. Data were derived from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. This study includes a total of 11,185 adult hypertensive patients with relevant platelet activation parameters and MTHFR genotype data. When simultaneously considering both platelet activation parameters (plateletcrit, platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width) and MTHFR genotypes, patients with both low plateletcrit (Q1) and the TT genotype had the highest stroke incidence rate (5.6%) in the enalapril group. This subgroup significantly benefited from folic acid treatment, with a 66% reduction in first stroke (HR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14-0.82; p = 0.016). Consistently, the subgroup with low plateletcrit (Q1) and the CC/CT genotype also benefited from folic acid treatment (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.23-0.70; p = 0.001). In Chinese hypertensive adults, low plateletcrit can identify those who may greatly benefit from folic acid treatment, in particular, those with the TT genotype, a subpopulation known to have the highest stroke risk.
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Grants
- This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (82061160372, 82270771), the National Key Research and Development Program (2020YFC2004405), the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases and Metabolic Research (ZDSYS20220606100801004), the Central Military Commission Key Project of Basic Research for Application (BWJ21J003), the Regional Joint Funding Key Project of Guangdong Basic Research and Basic Research for Application (2021B1515120083), the Key Project of Sustainable Development Science and Technology of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee (KCXFZ20211020163801002), the Sun Yat-sen University-Shenzhen TAILORED Medical Ltd. Postgraduate joint training base, the Futian District Public Health Scientific Research Project of Shenzhen (FTWS2022001), the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine-Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Fund (HMPE202202), and the Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund (SZXK002) to Hui Huang. The fifth "333" high-level talent training project of Jiangsu Province (BRA2019247). Medical Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission in 2020 (ZDA2020018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncong Shi
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengzhipeng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shenzhen Tailored Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Moti Wala S, AlEdani EM, Samuel EA, Ahmad K, Manongi NJ, Rajapandian R, Khan S. Exploring the Nexus: A Systematic Review on the Interplay of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene C677T Genotype, Hyperhomocysteinemia, and Spontaneous Cervical/Vertebral Artery Dissection in Young Adults. Cureus 2024; 16:e60878. [PMID: 38910639 PMCID: PMC11192624 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic strokes (IS) in young adults often evade early detection, resulting in delayed diagnosis until complications arise. Cervical/vertebral artery dissection, a significant contributor to these strokes, presents with symptoms such as migraine with aura, severe headache, and neck pain, commonly overlooked due to their nonspecific nature. This review investigates early indicators of artery dissections, emphasizing their importance in diagnosis and exploring the correlation between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T genotype polymorphism, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), and IS in young adults. This systematic review encompasses a thorough analysis of 11 papers, including four observational studies, three case reports, three narrative reviews, and one experimental study, involving 4,840 patients aged 18-45 years. Findings reveal HHCY as a significant contributor to vascular damage and tissue ischemia leading to IS. The MTHFR gene C677T genotype polymorphism is closely associated with HHCY, often contributing to underdiagnosed strokes in young adults. Cervical/vertebral artery dissection may manifest as initial symptoms of neck pain or headache, remaining undiagnosed until imaging is conducted. Importantly, the review suggests that MTHFR gene polymorphism can be mitigated through simple supplementation with vitamin B12 and folates, serving as a valuable tool for primary prevention. Additionally, betaine, a methyl donor, was explored in severe MTHFR gene polymorphism cases resistant to conventional supplementation. In conclusion, recognizing the significance of early signs and symptoms, along with a high clinical suspicion, is crucial for preventing catastrophic outcomes, mortality, and morbidity associated with IS in young adults lacking traditional risk factors. The MTHFR gene C677T genotype polymorphism, a potential genetic cause, can be easily managed with simple measures but is often overlooked or underdiagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Moti Wala
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Esraa M AlEdani
- Dermatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Essa A Samuel
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Khoula Ahmad
- internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Naelijwa J Manongi
- Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ramkumar Rajapandian
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Sokol Karadjole V, D’Amato A, Milošević M, Herman M, Mikuš M, Laganà AS, Chiantera V, Etrusco A. Impact of Thrombophilic Polymorphisms in Antenatal Women on Perinatal Health: A Single-Center Prospective Study. J Pers Med 2024; 14:433. [PMID: 38673060 PMCID: PMC11050971 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite pregnancy's hypercoagulable state, the correlation between inherited thrombophilia and thrombotic adverse pregnancy outcomes remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of inherited thrombophilic polymorphisms among asymptomatic pregnant individuals and to examine their potential correlation with adverse perinatal outcomes. METHODS in this single-center prospective study, 105 healthy pregnant women were included. Genotyping was conducted for factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin gene mutation, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme (MTHFR) C677T, MTHFR A1298C, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), alongside the assessment of protein C (PC), protein S (PS), and antithrombin (AT) levels. The study analyzed the association between inherited thrombophilic polymorphisms and pregnancy complications linked to placental insufficiency, such as gestational hypertension (GH), preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine death (IUD), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and placental abruption. RESULTS The prevalence of identifiable thrombophilic polymorphism mutations was 61.9% (95% confidence interval-CI 52.4-70.8%), with the most common single mutation being PAI-1 4G/5G (12/105, 11.4%, 95% CI 6.4-18.5). The most frequent combined mutation was heterozygosity for MTHFR C677T and PAI-1 (12/105, 11.4%, 95% CI 6.4-18.5). Notably, no FVL homozygous carriers or single homozygous and heterozygous carriers for prothrombin polymorphisms were found. Additionally, no deficiencies in PC and AT were detected among participants. Except for homozygosity for PAI-1, none of the studied polymorphisms demonstrated a significant association with pregnancy complications linked to placental insufficiency. CONCLUSIONS The asymptomatic carriers of inherited thrombophilic polymorphisms do not have an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Sokol Karadjole
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.S.K.); (M.H.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Antonio D’Amato
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Policlinico of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Milan Milošević
- School of Medicine Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mislav Herman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.S.K.); (M.H.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mislav Mikuš
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.S.K.); (M.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Paolo Giaccone” Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.L.); (A.E.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vito Chiantera
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Etrusco
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Paolo Giaccone” Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.L.); (A.E.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
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Savic-Hartwig M, Kerlikowsky F, van de Flierdt E, Hahn A, Schuchardt JP. A micronutrient supplement modulates homocysteine levels regardless of vitamin B biostatus in elderly subjects. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:120-132. [PMID: 36715360 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels (≥15 μmol/L) in the elderly are frequently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline. Several studies have already shown an Hcy-lowering effect of B vitamin supplementation in cohorts deficient in these nutrients. The aim of this randomized, double-blinded 12-week intervention study was to investigate whether Hcy levels in healthy elderly subjects (75.4±4.5 years, n=133) could be lowered with a micronutrient supplement (i.e., 400 μg folic acid, 100 μg cobalamin). Difference in mean initial Hcy levels between intervention (17.6±7.1 μmol/L, n=65) and placebo group (18.9±6.1 μmol/L, n=68) was not significant. The prevalence of cobalamin and folate deficiency in the total study population was low: 27% had serum-cobalamin levels ≤150 pmol/L, 12% holo-transcobalamin (Holo-TC) levels ≤50 pmol/L, 13% low cobalamin status using the aggregated cobalamin marker 4cB12 and 10% red blood cell (RBC) folate ≤570 nmol/L. Nevertheless, the treated subjects still showed improved cobalamin and folate biostatus (serum cobalamin Δt12-t0: 63±48 pmol/L; Holo-TC Δt12-t0: 17±19 pmol/L; RBC folate Δt12-t0: 326±253 nmol/L) and Hcy levels (Δt12-t0: -3.6±5.7 μmol/L). The effects were statistically significant compared to the placebo group with p=0.005 (serum cobalamin), p=0.021 (Holo-TC), p=0.014 (RBC-folate) and p<0.001 (Hcy). The Hcy-lowering effect was dependent on the initial Hcy levels (p<0.001). Our findings suggest that elevated Hcy levels in elderly subjects can be lowered regardless of the initial cobalamin and folate biostatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Savic-Hartwig
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Kerlikowsky
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
| | - Edda van de Flierdt
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Germany
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Moness H, Mousa SO, Mousa SO, Adel NM, Ibrahim RA, Hassan EE, Abdelhameed NI, Meshref DA, Abdullah NM. Thrombophilia genetic mutations and their relation to disease severity among patients with COVID-19. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296668. [PMID: 38507367 PMCID: PMC10954113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with COVID-19 infection appear to develop virus-induced hypercoagulability resulting in numerous thrombotic events. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the thrombophilia genes mutations (prothrombin G20210A, factor V Leiden, and methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)) and the severity of COVID-19 patients. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. METHOD One hundred and forty patients (80 adults and 60 children) were included in the current study. They were divided into the severe COVID-19 group and the mild COVID-19 group, with each group comprising 40 adults and 30 children. The patients were assessed for FV R506Q, FV R2H1299R, MTHFR A1298C, MTHFR C677T, and prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphisms. CBC, D-dimer, renal and liver function tests, hs-CRP, ferritin, and LDH were also assessed. Thrombotic events were clinically and radiologically documented. RESULTS Severe COVID-19 cases were significantly more frequent to have a heterozygous mutation for all the studied genes compared to mild COVID-19 cases (p<0.05 for all). Being mutant to gene FV R506Q carried the highest risk of developing a severe disease course (p<0.0001). Patients with abnormally high D-dimer levels were significantly more frequent to be heterozygous for FV R506Q, FV R2H1299R, and prothrombin gene G20210A (p = 0.006, 0.007, and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION We concluded that there is an evident relationship between severe COVID-19 and inherited thrombophilia. In the current study, FV R506Q gene mutation carried the highest risk of developing a severe COVID-19 disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Moness
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Suzan Omar Mousa
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sarah Omar Mousa
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Reham Ali Ibrahim
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Esmail Hassan
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | | | - Noha M. Abdullah
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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9
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Bošković A, Ćuk A, Mandrapa V, Šimić AD, Cvetković I, Vlaho MO, Krešić T, Tomić T, Tomić V. Association of MTHFR polymorphism, folic acid and vitamin B12 with serum homocysteine levels in pregnant women. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:138-143. [PMID: 37622180 PMCID: PMC10787622 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine is known to be associated with adverse vascular and metabolic effects, as well as pregnancy complications. Its serum levels are influenced by the function of the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and the dietary intake of folic acid, vitamin B12, and methionine. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene with vitamin status in pregnant women during mandatory folic acid supplementation. The study included 102 pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation who were attending regular outpatient examinations at the maternity clinic. Homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12 levels, and MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) were analyzed. Significant associations were found between vitamin B12 and folic acid levels with homocysteine (P < 0.001), with lower serum levels of these vitamins being associated with higher homocysteine levels. Surprisingly, there was no significant association between MTHFR genetic polymorphisms and serum homocysteine levels, likely attributed to the supplementation of folic acid and vitamin B12 in vitamin supplements for pregnant women, which counteracts the effect of the mutation. Remarkably, a high prevalence of MTHFR gene mutations was found, with the C677T polymorphism present in 56.9% and the A1298C polymorphism in 87.2% of pregnant women. These findings emphasize the importance of adequate folic acid and vitamin B12 intake during pregnancy to regulate homocysteine levels. Although the MTHFR gene mutations were highly prevalent, their influence on homocysteine levels in this population appears to be mitigated by vitamin supplementation. Further research is warranted to explore the impact of these mutations on other aspects of pregnancy outcomes. The trial is registrated at Clinicaltrail.gov (NCT04952324).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bošković
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ana Ćuk
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vedrana Mandrapa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ana Dugandžić Šimić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ivona Cvetković
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Martina Orlović Vlaho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Health Studies, University Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Medicine, University Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Tanja Krešić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Tanja Tomić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vajdana Tomić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Health Studies, University Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Medicine, University Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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10
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Fryar-Williams S, Strobel J, Clements P. Molecular Mechanisms Provide a Landscape for Biomarker Selection for Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Psychosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15296. [PMID: 37894974 PMCID: PMC10607016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Research evaluating the role of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) gene in schizophrenia has not yet provided an extended understanding of the proximal pathways contributing to the 5-10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme's activity and the distal pathways being affected by its activity. This review investigates these pathways, describing mechanisms relevant to riboflavin availability, trace mineral interactions, and the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) product of the MTHFR enzyme. These factors remotely influence vitamin cofactor activation, histamine metabolism, catecholamine metabolism, serotonin metabolism, the oxidative stress response, DNA methylation, and nicotinamide synthesis. These biochemical components form a broad interactive landscape from which candidate markers can be drawn for research inquiry into schizophrenia and other forms of mental illness. Candidate markers drawn from this functional biochemical background have been found to have biomarker status with greater than 90% specificity and sensitivity for achieving diagnostic certainty in schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis. This has implications for achieving targeted treatments for serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fryar-Williams
- Youth in Mind Research Institute, Unley Annexe, Mary Street, Unley, SA 5061, Australia
- Department of Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jörg Strobel
- Department of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Peter Clements
- Department of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
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11
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Murgia C, Dehlia A, Guthridge MA. New insights into the nutritional genomics of adult-onset riboflavin-responsive diseases. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:42. [PMID: 37845732 PMCID: PMC10580530 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, is an essential nutrient that serves as a precursor to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The binding of the FAD and/or FMN cofactors to flavoproteins is critical for regulating their assembly and activity. There are over 90 proteins in the human flavoproteome that regulate a diverse array of biochemical pathways including mitochondrial metabolism, riboflavin transport, ubiquinone and FAD synthesis, antioxidant signalling, one-carbon metabolism, nitric oxide signalling and peroxisome oxidative metabolism. The identification of patients with genetic variants in flavoprotein genes that lead to adult-onset pathologies remains a major diagnostic challenge. However, once identified, many patients with adult-onset inborn errors of metabolism demonstrate remarkable responses to riboflavin therapy. We review the structure:function relationships of mutant flavoproteins and propose new mechanistic insights into adult-onset riboflavin-responsive pathologies and metabolic dysregulations that apply to multiple biochemical pathways. We further address the vexing issue of how the inheritance of genetic variants in flavoprotein genes leads to an adult-onset disease with complex symptomologies and varying severities. We also propose a broad clinical framework that may not only improve the current diagnostic rates, but also facilitate a personalized approach to riboflavin therapy that is low cost, safe and lead to transformative outcomes in many patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Murgia
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences (SAFES), Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Ankush Dehlia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Mark A Guthridge
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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12
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Choi CK, Kweon SS, Lee YH, Nam HS, Choi SW, Kim HY, Shin MH. Association Between Plasma Homocysteine Level and Mortality: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Korean Circ J 2023; 53:710-719. [PMID: 37559417 PMCID: PMC10625855 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2023.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In previous studies, high homocysteine levels were associated with high cardiovascular mortality. However, these results were inconsistent with those of randomized controlled trials. We aimed to evaluate the causal role of homocysteine on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS This study included the 10,005 participants in the Namwon Study. In conventional observational analysis, age, sex, survey years, lifestyles, body mass index, comorbidities, and serum folate level were adjusted using multivariate Cox proportional regression. MR using 2-stage least squares regression was used to evaluate the association between genetically predicted plasma homocysteine levels and mortality. Age, sex, and survey years were adjusted for each stage. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism was used as an instrumental variable for predicting plasma homocysteine levels. RESULTS Observed homocysteine levels were positively associated with all-cause (hazard ratio [HR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.54) and cardiovascular (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.28-2.06) mortality when plasma homocysteine levels doubled. However, these associations were not significant in MR analysis. The HRs of doubling genetically predicted plasma homocysteine levels for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 0.99 (95% CI, 0.62-1.57) and 1.76 (95% CI, 0.54-5.77), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This MR analysis did not support a causal role for elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations in premature deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyun Choi
- Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hae-Sung Nam
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong-Woo Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea.
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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13
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Abstract
Riboflavin, in its cofactor forms flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), plays fundamental roles in energy metabolism, cellular antioxidant potential, and metabolic interactions with other micronutrients, including iron, vitamin B6, and folate. Severe riboflavin deficiency, largely confined to low-income countries, clinically manifests as cheilosis, angular stomatitis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and severe anemia with erythroid hypoplasia. Subclinical deficiency may be much more widespread, including in high-income countries, but typically goes undetected because riboflavin biomarkers are rarely measured in human studies. There are adverse health consequences of low and deficient riboflavin status throughout the life cycle, including anemia and hypertension, that could contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. This review considers the available evidence on causes, detection, and consequences of riboflavin deficiency, ranging from clinical deficiency signs to manifestations associated with less severe deficiency, and the related research, public health, and policy priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene McNulty
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland;
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland;
| | - Mary Ward
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland;
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14
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Boe LA, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Sotres-Alvarez D, Daviglus ML, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Thyagarajan B, Kaplan RC, Shaw PA. Nutritional Blood Concentration Biomarkers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos: Measurement Characteristics and Power. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:1288-1303. [PMID: 37116075 PMCID: PMC10666967 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement error is a major issue in self-reported diet that can distort diet-disease relationships. Use of blood concentration biomarkers has the potential to mitigate the subjective bias inherent in self-reporting. As part of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) baseline visit (2008-2011), self-reported information on diet was collected from all participants (n = 16,415). The HCHS/SOL also included annual telephone follow-up, as well as a second (2014-2017) and third (2020-2023) clinic visit. Blood concentration biomarkers for carotenoids, tocopherols, retinol, vitamin B12, and folate were measured in a subset of participants (n = 476) as part of the Study of Latinos: Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS) (2010-2012). We examined the relationships among biomarker levels, self-reported intake, Hispanic/Latino background (Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, or South American), and other participant characteristics in this diverse cohort. We built regression calibration-based prediction equations for 10 nutritional biomarkers and used a simulation to study the power of detecting a diet-disease association in a multivariable Cox model using a predicted concentration level. Good statistical power was observed for some nutrients with high prediction model R2 values, but further research is needed to understand how best to realize the potential of these dietary biomarkers. This study provides a comprehensive examination of several nutritional biomarkers within the HCHS/SOL, characterizing their associations with subject characteristics and the influence of the measurement characteristics on the power to detect associations with health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian A Boe
- Correspondence to Dr. Lillian A. Boe, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 (e-mail: )
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15
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Cirstoveanu C, Calin N, Heriseanu C, Filip C, Vasile CM, Margarint I, Marcu V, Dimitriu M, Ples L, Tarnoveanu S, Bizubac M. Consistent Correlation between MTHFR and Vascular Thrombosis in Neonates-Case Series and Clinical Considerations. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4856. [PMID: 37510971 PMCID: PMC10381825 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MTHFR polymorphism has been inconsistently linked to thrombotic events-some studies have shown its contribution to venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, and ischemic stroke, whereas others have found no statistically significant correlation between them. METHODS A descriptive case series study was performed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of "Marie Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children in Bucharest, Romania. RESULTS All patients had positive results for MTHFR variants; 14 patients were positive for compound heterozygosity, 13 patients for MTHFR C677T (seven of which were homozygous), and 13 patients for MTHFR A1298C (three of which were homozygous). Eighteen patients received anticoagulants (heparin, enoxaparin, or bivalirudin), and thrombolytics (alteplase) were administered in six cases. In one case, a thrombectomy was performed; in another, vascular plasty was undertaken. Only in six cases was complete revascularization possible. Incomplete revascularization occurred for one patient with a negative outcome. CONCLUSION The particularity of this case series is that every patient in our unit who developed thrombi had a positive genetic result for MTHFR mutations. MTHFR mutations should be regarded as a thrombotic risk factor for critically ill patients, and screening for MTHFR mutations should be performed in every admitted patient to intensive care units, thus achieving the prevention of thrombi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin Cirstoveanu
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Calin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Heriseanu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
- Ph.D. School Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Filip
- Department of Pediatrics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Pediatric Cardiology, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina Maria Vasile
- Pediatric Cardiology, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Irina Margarint
- Ph.D. School Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Marcu
- Department of Radiology, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Dimitriu
- Ph.D. School Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Sf. Pantelimon" Emergency Clinical Hospital, 340-342 Pantelimon Road, 021661 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Ples
- Ph.D. School Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Bucur" Maternity, "Saint John" Hospital, Intre Garle Street, 040294 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Tarnoveanu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Bizubac
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "M.S. Curie" Children's Hospital, Constantin Brâncoveanu Boulevard, No. 20, 4th District, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
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Peng J, Wu Z. MTHFR act as a potential cancer biomarker in immune checkpoints blockades, heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:112. [PMID: 37354330 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the role and landscape of 5-10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) to immune infiltration, tumor microenvironment, heterogeneity, immune checkpoints blockades, prognostic significance across cancer types. METHODS Data sets of genomic, transcriptomic and clinic features of MTHFR across > 60,000 patients and up to 44 cancer types were comprehensively analyzed using R software. RESULTS Expression of MTHFR gene is significantly lower in 17 tumors and correlated with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), progression-free interval (PFI) in specific tumors. Gene alterations of MTHFR are observed significant differences across tumor types. Expression of MTHFR is negatively correlated with the stemness index (mDNAsi, mRNAsi, DMPsi, ENHsi, EREG-mDNAsi and EREG-mRNAsi) in the most cancers. MTHFR showed significantly correlated with 67 types of immune cell infiltration scores in 44 cancer types by XCELL algorithm. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis are conducted to show the core tumor mechanism and biological process. Correlations between MTHFR and biomarkers of heterogeneity (MSI, TMB, MATH, HRD, LOH, Neoantigen, ploidy and purity) are also significant in specific tumors. MTHFR is significantly positively correlated with biomarkers of immune related genes (CD19, CD274, CD80, CD86) and mismatched repair genes (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6, EPCAM, MLH3, PMS1, EXO1) in most cancer types. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses show MTHFR could act as a potential biomarker in anti-PD-1 (nivolumab to melanoma) and anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab to melanoma) group of ontreatment, in anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab to melanoma) group of pretreatment. Two immunohistochemistry antibodies HPA076180 and HPA077255 are verified in 20 types of tumor and could be used to detect the expression of MTHFR efficiently in clinic. CONCLUSIONS MTHFR could predict the response of immune checkpoints blockades, heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Peng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Dermatological Manifestations in COVID-19: A Case Study of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Genetic Thrombophilic Patient with Mthfr Mutation. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030438. [PMID: 36986360 PMCID: PMC10058784 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present case study describes the dermatological manifestations of COVID-19 in a patient with genetic thrombophilia (MTHFR–C677T mutation) and the identification of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest (VOI). A female patient, 47 years old, unvaccinated, with thrombophilia, was diagnosed with COVID-19. She presented with urticarial and maculopapular eruptions from the seventh day of symptoms, which progressed to multiple lesions with dark centers (D-dimer value > 1450 ng/mL). The dermatological manifestations disappeared after 30 days, corroborating the reduction in D-dimer levels. Viral genome sequencing revealed infection by the VOI Zeta (P.2). Antibody testing, performed 30 days after the onset of symptoms, detected only IgG. The virus neutralization test showed the highest neutralizing titer for a P.2 strain, validating the genotypic identification. Lesions were suggested to be due to infection in skin cells causing a direct cytopathic effect or release of pro-inflammatory cytokines triggering erythematous and urticarial eruptions. In addition, vascular complications are also proposed to be due to the MTHFR mutation and increased D-dimer values. This case report is an alert about COVID-19 in patients with pre-existing vascular diseases, especially in unvaccinated patients, by VOI.
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Lin H, Liao C, Zhang R. Regional distribution of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Chinese females. Front Genet 2023; 14:1139124. [PMID: 37152985 PMCID: PMC10160643 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1139124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: For analyzing the distribution characteristics of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Chinese females in order to provide information for reducing birth defects and formulating public health policies to prevent congenital malformations. Methods: Literature search in the last 6 years on "MTHFR C677T," "polymorphism" and "methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase." The included literature provides the MTHFR C677T frequency in healthy females in the corresponding regions. The data were grouped by the national administrative region as a unit to obtain the distribution information of the MTHFR C677T and alleles in the female population in every province, municipality or autonomous region. This was done for analyzing the overall distribution of the MTHFR C677T allele and the geographical distribution of pregnancy complications. Results: A total of 126 studies were included, covering five autonomous areas, four municipalities directly under the Central Government, as well as 22 provinces (except Taiwan Province) in China. MTHFR C677T polymorphism data of 27 groups of Chinese Han women and 31 groups of other Chinese females were obtained, and the chi-square test revealed notable inter-group differences (p = 0.000). The TT genotype and T allele of MTHFR C677T accounted for 18.2% (4.7%-38.3%) and 40.3% (19.7%-61.4%) of the Chinese female population, respectively, with a significant north-south difference. Chinese females had a consistent frequency of the T allele with the geographical distribution of pregnancy complications such as recurrent abortion and preeclampsia. Conclusion: With a obvious geographical gradient, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism distribution in Chinese females is consistent with the geographical distribution of multiple pregnancy complications, and the risk assessment for it might be included in primary prevention for birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, Putian, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Changxi Liao
- Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Rujing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian University, Putian, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian University, Putian, China
- *Correspondence: Rujing Zhang,
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Riboflavin Intake Inversely Associated with Cardiovascular-Disease Mortality and Interacting with Folate Intake: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245345. [PMID: 36558504 PMCID: PMC9785396 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between intakes of riboflavin and mortality has not been examined intensively in general populations. In this study, 10,480 adults in the 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were followed-up until 2019 for their vital status. Riboflavin and folate were assessed by two-day 24 h recall. The date and cause of death were obtained from the US Mortality Registry. The risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality were investigated using a Cox regression analysis. During a mean of 8.5 years follow-up, there were 1214 deaths registered (including 373 deaths from CVD and 302 from cancer). Compared to low level (quartile 1, Q1) of riboflavin intake, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval (CI)) for high level (quartile 4, Q4) were 0.53 (0.31-0.90) for CVD mortality and 0.62 (0.48-0.81) for all-cause mortality. The inverse association between riboflavin intake and CVD mortality was only significant among those with a high intake of folate (p for interaction 0.045). Those with a high folate intake (Q4) and low intake of riboflavin (Q1) had the highest risk of CVD mortality (HR 4.38, 95% CI 1.79-10.72), as compared with a high intake of both riboflavin and folate. In conclusion, riboflavin intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality and CVD mortality, and the association was modified by folate intake.
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Samarasinghe N, Mahaliyanage D, De Silva S, Jasinge E, Punyasiri N, Dilanthi HW. Association of selected genetic variants in CBS and MTHFR genes in a cohort of children with homocystinuria in Sri Lanka. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:164. [PMID: 36512268 PMCID: PMC9747987 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homocystinuria is an inherited, inborn error of homocysteine metabolism, which leads to the abnormal accumulation of homocysteine and its metabolites in blood and urine, resulting in various complications. Variants in the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes interrupt the formation of the corresponding enzymes and prevent homocysteine from being metabolised; hence, the homocysteine levels in plasma increase than the optimum levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, eight clinically confirmed children with homocystinuria were detected to study the chosen variants in the CBS gene (c.833 T>C and c.19del) and in the MTHFR gene (c.665 C>T, c.1286 A>C) using SNaPshot mini-sequencing and direct sequencing. RESULTS After screening eight patients, none had the c.833T>C, but four patients were in the homozygous state for the c.19del variant in the CBS gene. Furthermore, seven were heterozygous for c.1286A>C, while one patient was heterozygous for c.665C>T in the MTHFR gene. CONCLUSION According to the results, c.19del is common in the studied cohort of Sri Lankan children, while c.833T>C is absent, whereas c.1286A>C was more frequent than c.665C>T. To our knowledge, the current study was the first report to discuss the genetic impact of homocystinuria in Sri Lanka; further comprehensive studies are necessary with a larger sample size to establish the association of these variants with the disease in Sri Lanka, which can be beneficial in enhanced patient care and for prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeesha Samarasinghe
- grid.8065.b0000000121828067Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Dinithi Mahaliyanage
- grid.8065.b0000000121828067Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Sumadee De Silva
- grid.8065.b0000000121828067Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Eresha Jasinge
- grid.415728.dLady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Nimal Punyasiri
- grid.8065.b0000000121828067Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - H. W. Dilanthi
- grid.8065.b0000000121828067Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
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Wu X, Liu K, Zhao X, Zhang X, Guo H, Jiang H, Chang J, Lv X, Gao X, Zhi X, Ren C, Chen Q, Liang Y, Li Y. Correlation Between the MTHFR C677T Genotype and Coronary Heart Disease in Populations from Gansu, China. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:981-986. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Hospital of Gansu Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Hospital of Gansu Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinke Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Hospital of Gansu Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huan Guo
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hugang Jiang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Chang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinfang Lv
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhi
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunzhen Ren
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qilin Chen
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yufang Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Hospital of Gansu Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Petkova R, Chelenkova P, Arabadjiev B, Pankov R, Chakarov S. Characterization of the individual capacity for repair of genotoxic damage of a Bulgarian hESC line and two commonly used stabilized cell lines. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rumena Petkova
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Borislav Arabadjiev
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Roumen Pankov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stoyan Chakarov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Su Y, Mao Y, Tian F, Cai X, Chen R, Li N, Qian C, Li X, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Profile of Folate in Breast Milk from Chinese Women over 1-400 Days Postpartum. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142962. [PMID: 35889919 PMCID: PMC9319857 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate is an essential nutrient for growth in early life. This study aimed to determine the levels and compositions of folate in Chinese breast milk samples. This study was part of the Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation (MUAI) study. A total of 205 healthy mothers were randomly recruited in Chengdu over 1−400 days postpartum. Five different species of folate, including tetrahydrofolate (THF), 5-methyl-THF, 5,10-methenyl-THF,5-formyl-THF and unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA), were measured for liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The median levels of total folate ranged from 12.86 to 56.77 ng/mL in the breast milk of mothers at 1−400 days postpartum, gradually increasing throughout the lactating periods. The median levels of 5-methyl-THF, minor reduced folate (the sum of THF, 5,10-methenyl-THF and 5-formyl-THF) and UMFA were in the ranges of 8.52−40.65 ng/mL, 3.48−16.15 ng/mL and 0.00−1.24 ng/mL during 1−400 days postpartum, respectively. 5-Methyl-THF accounted for more than 65% of the total folate in all breast milk samples. The levels of UMFA in mature breast milk samples were higher in supplement users than nonusers, but not for colostrum and transitional milk samples (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the level of total folate in the breast milk changed along with the prolonged lactating periods, but 5-methyl-THF remains the dominant species of folate in the breast milk of Chinese populations across all entire lactating periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Su
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (N.L.); (C.Q.)
| | - Yingyi Mao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.M.); (F.T.); (X.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Fang Tian
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.M.); (F.T.); (X.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaokun Cai
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.M.); (F.T.); (X.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Ruidi Chen
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (N.L.); (C.Q.)
| | - Na Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (N.L.); (C.Q.)
| | - Changli Qian
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (N.L.); (C.Q.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.M.); (F.T.); (X.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Yanrong Zhao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.M.); (F.T.); (X.C.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (N.L.); (C.Q.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
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24
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Rooney M, Hughes CF, Strain JJ, Clements M, McNulty H, Ward M. Impact of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism on blood pressure and related central hemodynamic parameters in healthy adults. J Hum Nutr Diet 2022; 35:689-700. [PMID: 35821207 PMCID: PMC9541256 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The C677T polymorphism in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Riboflavin, the MTHFR cofactor, is an important modulator of blood pressure (BP) in adults homozygous for this polymorphism (TT genotype). The effect of this genetic variant on BP and related central hemodynamic parameters in healthy adults has not been previously investigated and was examined in this study. METHODOLOGY Brachial BP, central BP and pulse wave velocity (PWV; SphygmoCor® XCEL) were measured in adults 18-65 years pre-screened for MTHFR genotype. Riboflavin status was assessed using the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac) assay. RESULTS 242 adults with the MTHFR 677TT genotype and age-matched non-TT (CC/CT) genotype controls were identified from a total cohort of 2,546 adults pre-screened for MTHFR genotype. The TT genotype was found to be an independent determinant of hypertension (P=0.010), along with low riboflavin status (P=0.002). Brachial systolic and diastolic BP were higher in TT v non-TT adults by 5.5±1.2 mmHg and 2.4±0.9 mmHg, respectively (both P<0.001). A stronger phenotype was observed in females, with an almost 10 mmHg difference in mean systolic BP in TT v non-TT genotype groups: 134.9 (95% CI 132.1-137.6) vs 125.2 (95% CI 122.3-128.0) mmHg; P<0.001. In addition, PWV was faster in women with the TT genotype (P=0.043). CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that brachial and central BP are significantly higher in adults with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype, and that the BP phenotype is more pronounced in females. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rooney
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
| | - Michelle Clements
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern, Ireland
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25
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Raptopoulou A, Michou V, Mourtzi N, Papageorgiou EG, Voyiatzaki C, Tsilivakos V, Beloukas A, Bei TA. Large-scale screening for factor V Leiden (G1691A), prothrombin (G20210A), and MTHFR (C677T) mutations in Greek population. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e457. [PMID: 35844826 PMCID: PMC9284178 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims To provide a fair estimate of the prevalence of factor V Leiden (FVL) (G1691A), prothrombin (G20210A), and MTHFR (C677T) mutations in the Greek population. Methods We genotyped a representative sample of 974 apparently healthy Greek adults by the method of real‐time PCR and we calculated the allele frequencies of factor V Leiden (FVL) (G1691A), prothrombin (G20210A), and MTHFR (C677T) mutations. In addition, we determined the frequency of co‐occurrence of FVL (1691A) and prothrombin (20210A), FVL (1691A) and MTHFR (677T), prothrombin (20210A) and MTHFR (677T) mutations. Results Τhe career frequencies of FVL (1691A), prothrombin (20210A), and MTHFR (677T) alleles were 7.5%, 4.5%, and 49.3% while the allele frequencies were 4%, 2.25%, and 39.5%, respectively. The coexistence of the allele frequencies combinations of two, FVL (1691A) and Prothrombin (20210A), FVL (1691A) and MTHFR (677T), prothrombin (20210A) and MTHFR (677T) was found in 1 (0.9%), 29 (3.5%), and 22 (3%) samples, respectively. Triple heterozygous carriers were not found. Conclusion Allele frequencies of the two (FVL and MTHFR) mutations are higher compared with published data. The large sample size of our study enhances the validity of our results and suggests a biological affinity of Greek population with Southern Italian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vassiliki Michou
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Immunology Locus Medicus S.A Athens Greece
| | - Niki Mourtzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital Athens Greece
| | | | - Chrysa Voyiatzaki
- Department of Biomedical Science University of West Attica Aigaleo Greece
| | - Vassilis Tsilivakos
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Immunology Locus Medicus S.A Athens Greece
| | - Apostolos Beloukas
- Department of Biomedical Science University of West Attica Aigaleo Greece
| | - Thaleia A Bei
- Department of Biomedical Science University of West Attica Aigaleo Greece
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Fernández-Macías JC, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Pérez-López AA, Pérez-López AL, Neri-Maldonado I, Piña-López IG, Pérez-Maldonado IN. The interplay between exposure to PAHs and MTHFR C677T polymorphism on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in Mexican women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48466-48476. [PMID: 35192163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Environmental and genetic factors are recognized as risk determinants in the onset and development of CVDs. However, the interaction between both factors on CVDs risk is not still completely clarified. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure (gene-environment interaction) on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in Mexican women. A cross-sectional study was completed with the participation of 390 healthy women. For all enrolled women, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemical analyses, atherogenic indexes, and serum concentrations of biomolecules used as CVD risk biomarkers were obtained. 1-Hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) was measured in urine, as an exposure biomarker of PAHs. The mean urinary level of 1-OHP in the assessed population was 1.23 ± 1.40 μmol/mol creatinine. The allelic frequency (MTHFR C677T polymorphism) identified in the registered individuals was 68.0% for the mutant allele (T-allele). Significant positive associations were detected between urinary 1-OHP levels and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations (p < 0.05) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) values (p < 0.05). Also, women with the TT genotype of the MTHFR C677T enzyme have the highest serum ADMA levels (p < 0.05) and AIP values (p < 0.05) compared to women grouped as CC genotype and CT genotype. Besides, the findings in this study suggest an interaction between environmental (PAHs exposure) and genetic (MTHFR C677T polymorphism) factors on cardiovascular risk markers (ADMA and AIP). According to the usefulness of AIP and ADMA, an increased cardiovascular risk is notable in highly exposed individuals to PAHs with the polymorphic genotype (TT) of the MTHFR enzyme. Therefore, intervention programs in the target communities are required to diminish the cardiovascular risk of the assessed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Fernández-Macías
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Angeles Catalina Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Anette Aylin Pérez-López
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Amairani Lizbeth Pérez-López
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Ignacio Neri-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Iris Gabriela Piña-López
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Iván Nelinho Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente Y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación Para La Innovación Y Aplicación de La Ciencia Y La Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, SLP, México.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
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Genetic Variants in Folate and Cobalamin Metabolism-Related Genes in Pregnant Women of a Homogeneous Spanish Population: The Need for Revisiting the Current Vitamin Supplementation Strategies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132702. [PMID: 35807880 PMCID: PMC9268853 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of folate and cobalamin could play relevant roles in pregnancy outcomes. This study assessed the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms of folate and cobalamin metabolism-related genes such as MTHFR, MTR, CUBN, and SLC19A1 in pregnant women of a homogeneous Spanish population according to conception, pregnancy, delivery, and newborns complications. This study was conducted on 149 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies. Sociodemographic and obstetrics variables were recorded, and all patients were genotyped in the MTHFR, MTR, CUBN, and SLC10A1 polymorphisms. The distribution of genotypes detected in this cohort was similar to the population distribution reported in Europe, highlighting that more than 50% of women were carriers of risk alleles of the studied genes. In women with the MTHFR risk allele, there was a statistically significant higher frequency of assisted fertilisation and a higher frequency of preeclampsia and preterm birth. Moreover, CUBN (rs1801222) polymorphism carriers showed a statistically significantly lower frequency of complications during delivery. In conclusion, the prevalence of genetic variants related to folic acid and vitamin B12 metabolic genes in pregnant women is related to mother and neonatal outcomes. Knowing the prevalence of these polymorphisms may lead to a personalised prescription of vitamin intake.
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Nguyen Ngoc N, Tran Ngoc Thao M, Trieu Tien S, Vu Tung S, Le H, Ho Sy H, Nguyen Thanh T, Trinh The S. Evaluating the Association Between Genetic Polymorphisms Related to Homocysteine Metabolism and Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Women. Appl Clin Genet 2022; 15:55-62. [PMID: 35698663 PMCID: PMC9188402 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s365281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) and polymorphisms of homocysteine metabolism-related genes in women. Materials and Methods A case–control study included 90 women with two or more consecutive unexplained pregnancy losses and 92 controlled women without miscarriage history; the female participants were in the age category of 18–35 years. The high-resolution melting technique was used to detect the single-nucleotide variants related to homocysteine metabolism disorder, namely MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G, and MTRR A66G polymorphism. Results The MTHFR C677T polymorphism had significantly correlation with URPL. Indeed, the frequency of the677T allele and genotypes (677CT, 677TT) in the URPL group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). However, the allele, as well as genotype distribution of MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). MTHFR 677CT-1298AC genotype combination led to a 9.0-fold increased risk of URPL (OR 9.0; 95% CI, 2.25–35.99; p = 0.001), while the risk increased 10.0-fold (OR 10.0; 95% CI, 1.8–55.53; p = 0.008) when participants had more than the 3 variant loci. Conclusion The MTHFR C677T polymorphism was a risk factor for URPL, and determining the MTHFR C677T polymorphism had a potential prediction of URPL risk. Moreover, the MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C joint mutants might have a synergistic effect on URPL. Conversely, there is a lack of evidence suggesting the URPL risk of MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Nguyen Ngoc
- Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - My Tran Ngoc Thao
- Département de formation Biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Sang Trieu Tien
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - Son Vu Tung
- Department of Epidemiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Le
- IVFTA, Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hung Ho Sy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tung Nguyen Thanh
- Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
| | - Son Trinh The
- Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam
- Correspondence: Son Trinh The; Tung Nguyen Thanh, Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, 12108, Vietnam, Email ;
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Wilde VK. Neonatal Jaundice and Autism: Precautionary Principle Invocation Overdue. Cureus 2022; 14:e22512. [PMID: 35228983 PMCID: PMC8873319 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Er ZC, Muderrisoglu A, Ekim M, Ekim H. MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) genetic polymorphism is associated with development risk of essential hypertension in the Turkish population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hypertension is a serious condition that is spread worldwide and may lead to severe complications such as heart attack, stroke, hypertensive retinopathy, and renal failure. Although some genetic and environmental risk factors are known to play a role in the etiology of hypertension, like most of the other multi-factorial diseases, its etiology is yet to be fully elucidated. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131), factor V Leiden (FVL) G1691A (rs6025), and prothrombin (PT) G20210A (rs1799963) genetic polymorphisms on the development risk of essential hypertension and level of blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
Results
The frequency of the homozygous polymorphic TT genotype for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was significantly higher in male hypertensive patients than in the male control group (27% vs 6.3%, p = 0.028). The rate of the variant T allele for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was also significantly higher in male hypertensive patients compared to male healthy controls (51.4% vs 21.9%, p = 0.0004). There was no difference among hypertensive patients and healthy controls regarding the frequencies of MTHFR A1298C, FVL G1691A and PT G20210A polymorphisms. In addition, we found no difference between genotype groups regarding systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients.
Conclusions
Homozygous polymorphic TT genotype and variant T allele for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for the development of essential hypertension in the Turkish male population.
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Rai V, Kumar P. Relation Between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) and Migraine Susceptibility. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 37:3-17. [PMID: 35125689 PMCID: PMC8799834 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-021-01000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a neurological disorder which impairs the patient's quality of life. Several association studies investigating the association between MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and susceptibility to migraine were published. But the results were conflicting, so authors performed a meta-analysis of published case control studies to find out the exact association between MTHFR polymorphism and migraine susceptibility. Four databases were searched for suitable studies up to December, 2018. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated adopting additive, homozygote, co-dominant, dominant, and recessive genetic models. Results of MTHFR C677T polymorphism studies meta-analysis showed significant association with migraine risk using allele contrast, homozygote, dominant and recessive genetic models (T vs. C: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00-1.26, p = 0.05; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.0-1.5, p = 0.04; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.97-1.07, p = 0.25; TT + CT vs. CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.0-1.29, p = 0.04; TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.28-3.42, p = 0.002). However, results of MTHFR A1298 polymorphism studies meta-analysis did not show any association with migraine. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity and migraine types i.e. migraine with aura (MA) and without aura (MO) were also performed. Results of present meta-analysis indicate overall association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism with migraine in total 24 studies, in Asian population and in MA cases but did not show any association with Caucasian population and MO cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Rai
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP 222 003 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP 222 003 India
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Raghubeer S, Matsha TE. Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR), the One-Carbon Cycle, and Cardiovascular Risks. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124562. [PMID: 34960114 PMCID: PMC8703276 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme is vital for cellular homeostasis due to its key functions in the one-carbon cycle, which include methionine and folate metabolism and protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis. The enzyme is responsible for maintaining methionine and homocysteine (Hcy) balance to prevent cellular dysfunction. Polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene, especially C677T, have been associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, inflammatory conditions, diabetes, and vascular disorders. The C677T MTHFR polymorphism is thought to be the most common cause of elevated Hcy levels, which is considered an independent risk factor for CVD. This polymorphism results in an amino acid change from alanine to valine, which prevents optimal functioning of the enzyme at temperatures above 37 °C. Many studies have been conducted to determine whether there is an association between the C677T polymorphism and increased risk for CVD. There is much evidence in favour of this association, while several studies have concluded that the polymorphism cannot be used to predict CVD development or progression. This review discusses current research regarding the C677T polymorphism and its relationship with CVD, inflammation, diabetes, and epigenetic regulation and compares the evidence provided for and against the association with CVD.
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Ramos-Esquivel A, Chinchilla-Monge R, Abbas J, Valle M. C677T and A1298C MTHFR gene polymorphisms and response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in Mestizo patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2021; 31:191-199. [PMID: 34116533 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between C677T and A1298C methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and response to first-line fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS A total of 68 patients were prospectively followed up in San Juan de Dios Hospital (San José, Costa Rica) from January 2019 to November 2020. Patients received first-line therapy with capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil in combination with oxaliplatin or irinotecan. Germline and somatic DNA was extracted from blood samples and paraffin-embedded tissue, respectively. Overall response rate (partial response + complete response) was assessed according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. Cox regression models were performed to identify the effect of MTHFR C677T and A1298C SNPs on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (NCT registration number: 03852290). RESULTS Patients harboring one or both T alleles of the MTHFR C677T SNP had better overall response than homozygous wild-type individuals [odds ratio (OR): 3.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-9.81; P = 0.03]. No association was found between the MTHFR A1298C genotypes and overall response (OR: 0.75; 95% CI, 0.26-2.20; P = 0.60). Patients with the MTHFR 677 TT and CT genotypes had longer PFS than CC individuals (hazard ratio: 0.53; 95% CI, 0.28-0.98; P = 0.045), even after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25-0.98; P = 0.04). We found no association between the MTHFR A1298C SNP and PFS (hazard ratio: 1.35; 95% CI, 0.72-2.55; P = 0.34). None of the SNPs was associated with OS. CONCLUSION Patients carrying at least one mutant allele of the MTHFR C677T SNP had a better overall response and longer PFS than wild-type homozygous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Ramos-Esquivel
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones en Hematología y Trastornos Afines, CIHATA, Universidad de Costa Rica
| | | | - Jad Abbas
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital Calderón Guardia, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Marta Valle
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Penn AA, Wintermark P, Chalak LF, Armstrong J, Redline R, Scher MS, Nelson KB. Placental contribution to neonatal encephalopathy. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 26:101276. [PMID: 34420894 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2021.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Placental assessment, although currently underused, can inform our understanding of the etiology and timing of Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE). We review our current understanding of the links between placental dysfunction and NE and how this information may inform clinical decisions, now and in the future, emphasizing the four major placental lesions associated with NE. In addition, we discuss maternal and fetal factors that are hypothesized to contribute to specific placental pathologies, especially innate or acquired thrombophilias. We outline the importance of assessing placenta across trimesters and after delivery. As this field continues to evolve, currently available placental histopathological examination methods may need to be combined with advanced prenatal molecular and imaging assessments of placenta and be applied in well-designed studies in large representative populations to better define the links between placental dysfunction and NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Penn
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - P Wintermark
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - L F Chalak
- Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - J Armstrong
- Department of Pediatrics (Section of Child Neurology, Neurology, and OB/GYN), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R Redline
- Department of Pathology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M S Scher
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Neurology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital/MacDonald Hospital for Women, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K B Nelson
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Cirillo M, Coccia ME, Attanasio M, Fatini C. Homocysteine, vitamin B status and MTHFR polymorphisms in Italian infertile women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 263:72-78. [PMID: 34167037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vitamin B status related to the homocysteine pathway and the prevalence of polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene in infertile women programming homologous or heterologous ART. STUDY DESIGN We investigated 393 consecutive Caucasian women, referred to the Internal Medicine Clinic at the Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology, in order to be framed for their vascular risk before starting homologous or heterologous (oocyte donation) procedures. Total homocysteine, Vitamin B12, folate and vitamin B6 were measured. The women were divided into quartiles of serum concentration of folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6. The C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene were genotyped by an electronic microchip technology. RESULTS Sixty-one women (15.5%) had hyperhomocysteinemia, 22.9% had reduced levels of vitamin B12, 4.1% had reduced levels of serum folate and 0.1% had a deficiency of vitamin B6. Women in the highest quartile of vitamin B12 and folates had lower homocysteine levels than women in the first and second quartiles (p < 0.0001). The homozygosity for MTHFR C677T polymorphism was detected in 33.3% (131), and heterozygosity for MTHFR C677T polymorphism in 45.3% (178) of women. We observed a significant association between hyperhomocysteinemia and 677T allele, but not 1298C, of the MTHFR polymorphisms (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS We found inadequate vitamin B status related to the homocysteine pathway in women planning Assisted Reproductive Technology. Moreover, interesting association was found regarding hyperhomocysteinemia in women carrying T allele of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism. A specific supplementation with 5-MTHF and adequate vitamin B12 concentrations before Assisted Reproductive Technology warrant serious consideration, in particular in women carrying T allele of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Cirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Elisabetta Coccia
- Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Monica Attanasio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Fatini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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Ponti G, Pastorino L, Manfredini M, Ozben T, Oliva G, Kaleci S, Iannella R, Tomasi A. COVID-19 spreading across world correlates with C677T allele of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene prevalence. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23798. [PMID: 34061414 PMCID: PMC8209953 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Homocysteine assessment has been proposed as a potential predictive biomarker for the severity of COVID‐19 infection. The purpose of this review was to analyze the correlation between the prevalence of MTHFR C677 T gene polymorphism and COVID‐19 incidence and mortality worldwide. Methods Data regarding MTHFR C677 T gene mutation were obtained from the interrogation of the Genome Aggregation Database (genomAD), which is publicly available from the web“https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org.” COVID‐19 cases, including prevalence and mortality, were obtained from“https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus” 27 August 2020. Results There is a clear trend toward the worldwide prevalence of MTHFR 677 T and COVID‐19 incidence and mortality. The prevalence of MTHFR677 T allele in the Latino population, and the incidence and mortality for COVID‐19 was higher for this ethnic group than that reported for most other populations globally. Statistical analysis showed a relatively strong correlation between C677 T and death from coronavirus. Conclusions Genetic polymorphism of MTHFR C677 T may modulate the incidence and severity of COVID‐19 pandemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ponti
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Marco Manfredini
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gabriella Oliva
- Internal Medicine, Ospedale del Mare, Asl Napoli1, Naples, Italy
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Clinical and experimental medicine (CEM), Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaele Iannella
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aldo Tomasi
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Homozygous methylentetrahydrofolate reductase C667T genotype anticipates age at venous thromboembolism by one decade. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2021; 32:382-386. [PMID: 34397449 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare age at first venous thromboembolism (VTE), plasma homocysteine and activated partial thromboplastin time ratio (aPTTr) amongst unprovoked VTE patients with the methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C667T genotypes, and to identify predictors of age at first VTE, of plasma homocysteine and of the aPTTr; to evaluate whether heterozygous or homozygous prothrombin (PT) G20210A mutation lowered the age at first VTE when associated with MTHFR TT. Retrospective cohort study on 259 MTHFR TT, 76 MTHFR TC and 64 MTHFR CC participants with unprovoked VTE; each participant contributed age, sex, age at VTE, history of dyslipidaemia, hypertension, smoking, homocysteine (measured by enzyme immunoassay) and aPTTr (measured by standard coagulation assay). Age at first VTE was lower in MTHFR TT than MTHFR TC and CC (41 ± 14 vs. 50 ± 16 vs. 51 ± 12 years, respectively, P < 0.0001); plasma homocysteine was higher in MTHFR TT than in the other groups (22 ± 21 vs. 12 ± 11.6 vs. 10 ± 3.3 μmol/l, respectively, P = 0.0005) whilst aPTTr was not different. MTHFR TT independently predicted age at first VTE (P = 0.001), plasma homocysteine (P < 0.0001) alongside sex (P = 0.0007), age and smoking (P = 0.03 for both). Compound MTHFR TT with PT GA or AA had no lowering effect on age at first VTE compared with MTHFR TT alone (41 ± 13 vs. 41 ± 14 years). Plasma homocysteine inversely related to aPTTr in the MTHFR TT group (P = 0.003). MTHFR TT anticipates age at first VTE by an average of 10 years compared with MTHFR TC and CC genotypes.
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Plantone D, Pardini M, Rinaldi G. Riboflavin in Neurological Diseases: A Narrative Review. Clin Drug Investig 2021; 41:513-527. [PMID: 33886098 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-021-01038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin is classified as one of the water-soluble B vitamins. It is part of the functional group of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactors and is required for numerous flavoprotein-catalysed reactions. Riboflavin has important antioxidant properties, essential for correct cell functioning. It is required for the conversion of oxidised glutathione to the reduced form and for the mitochondrial respiratory chain as complexes I and II contain flavoprotein reductases and electron transferring flavoproteins. Riboflavin deficiency has been demonstrated to impair the oxidative state of the body, especially in relation to lipid peroxidation status, in both animal and human studies. In the nervous system, riboflavin is essential for the synthesis of myelin and its deficiency can determine the disruption of myelin lamellae. The inherited condition of restricted riboflavin absorption and utilisation, reported in about 10-15% of world population, warrants further investigation in relation to its association with the main neurodegenerative diseases. Several successful trials testing riboflavin for migraine prevention were performed, and this drug is currently classified as a Level B medication for migraine according to the American Academy of Neurology evidence-based rating, with evidence supporting its efficacy. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome and Fazio-Londe diseases are now renamed as "riboflavin transporter deficiency" because these are autosomal recessive diseases caused by mutations of SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 genes that encode riboflavin transporters. High doses of riboflavin represent the mainstay of the therapy of these diseases and high doses of riboflavin should be rapidly started as soon as the diagnosis is suspected and continued lifelong. Remarkably, some mitochondrial diseases respond to supplementation with riboflavin. These include multiple acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase deficiency (which is caused by ETFDH gene mutations in the majority of the cases, or mutations in the ETFA and ETFB genes in a minority), mutations of ACAD9 gene, mutations of AIFM1 gene, mutations of the NDUFV1 and NDUFV2 genes. Therapeutic riboflavin administration has been tried in other neurological diseases, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia and Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, the design of these clinical trials was not uniform, not allowing to accurately assess the real effects of this molecule on the disease course. In this review we analyse the properties of riboflavin and its possible effects on the pathogenesis of different neurological diseases, and we will review the current indications of this vitamin as a therapeutic intervention in neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Plantone
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Locale della Provincia di Bari, Di Venere Teaching Hospital, Via Ospedale Di Venere 1, 70131, Bari, Italy.
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rinaldi
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Locale della Provincia di Bari, Di Venere Teaching Hospital, Via Ospedale Di Venere 1, 70131, Bari, Italy
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Jiang Y, Xiao X, Wen Y, Wan M, Zhou L, Liu X, Wang X, Guo L, Liu H, Zhou Y, Wang J, Liao X, Shen L, Jiao B. Genetic effect of MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and A1793G polymorphisms on the age at onset, plasma homocysteine, and white matter lesions in Alzheimer's disease in the Chinese population. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11352-11362. [PMID: 33833133 PMCID: PMC8109119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Three polymorphisms in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene (C677T, A1298C, and A1793G) were reported associated with AD. However, their genotype distributions and associations with age at onset (AAO), homocysteine, and white matter lesions (WML) were unclear in the Chinese AD population. Method: We determined the presence of C677T, A1298C, and A1793G polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene using Sanger sequencing in a Chinese cohort comprising 721 AD patients (318 early-onset AD patients (EOAD) and 403 late-onset AD patients (LOAD)) and 365 elderly controls. Additionally, the homocysteine level and WML were evaluated in 121 AD patients. Results: The frequency of allele T of C677T polymorphism was significantly higher in AD patients than in controls (P = 0.040), while no statistical difference was observed in A1298C and A1793G (P > 0.05). Besides, genotype distributions of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms statistically varied between AD patients and controls (P = 0.021, P = 0.012). Moreover, the AAO was significantly lower in CT/TT (C677T) genotypes carriers (P = 0.042) and higher in AC/CC (A1298C) and AG/GG (A1793G) genotypes carriers (P = 0.034, P = 0.009) in patients with LOAD. We also found that patients with CT/TT (C677T) genotypes were prone to present an increased homocysteine level (P = 0.036) and higher Fazekas score (P = 0.024). In comparison, patients with AG/GG genotypes (A1793G) had a significantly lower Fazekas score (P = 0.013). Conclusions: The genotype distributions of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are associated with AD in the Chinese population. Moreover, AD patients with C677T polymorphism are prone to present an earlier onset, higher homocysteine level, and more severe WML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yafei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meidan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yafang Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Rai V, Kumar P. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR) gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism and risk of alcohol dependence: a meta-analysis. AIMS Neurosci 2021; 8:212-225. [PMID: 33709025 PMCID: PMC7940109 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2021011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder. Numerous studies investigated association between MTHFR gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism and alcohol dependence (AD), but the results of this association remain conflicting. Accordingly, authors conducted a meta-analysis to further investigate such an association. PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct and Springer Link databases were searched for studies on the association between the MTHFRC677T polymorphism and AD. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the fixed- or random-effects model. Statistical analysis was performed with the software program MetaAnayst and MIX.A total of 11 articles were identified through a search of electronic databases, up to February 28, 2020. The results of the present meta-analysis did not show any association between MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and AD risk (for T vs. C: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.88-1.24; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.62-1.68; for TT+CT vs. CC: OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.94-1.29; for TT vs. CC: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.66-1.51; for TT vs. CT+CC: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.66-1.40). Results of subgroup analysis showed no significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism with AD in Asian as well as in Caucasian population. In conclusion, C677T polymorphism is not a risk factor for alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Rai
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur-222 003, UP, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur-222 003, UP, India
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Marques M, Alves F, Leitão M, Rodrigues C, Ferreira JT. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms as risk factors for retinal venous occlusive disease: A literature review. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 31:884-891. [PMID: 33715478 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a theme of discussion since the first reports of RVO in patients with MTHFR C677T mutation and without classic acquired risk factors for retinal vascular disease. The association between MTHFR polymorphisms and RVO has been studied over the last 20 years producing conflicting results. This review aims to summarize the literature concerning the role MTHFR polymorphisms as risk factors for RVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Marques
- Instituto Oftalmológico Doutor Gama Pinto, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Leitão
- Instituto Oftalmológico Doutor Gama Pinto, Lisboa, Portugal
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ElDeeb MK, Ghazal AA, Metwally DE, Elghlied LA. Possible roles of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism and folate status in patients with early hepatitis C virus genotype 4. Arab J Gastroenterol 2021; 22:121-126. [PMID: 33664006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In Egypt, 92.5% of HCV infection cases reportedly involve infection with HCV genotype 4. HCV infection may induce liver steatosis directly and indirectly. Host genetic polymorphisms may also contribute to the pathogenesis of steatosis. Folate deficiency indirectly cuase liver damage. Folate status is mostly affected by MTHFR C677T polymorphism. The pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia (TCP) in HCV infection remains unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the roles and consequences of MTHFR C677T SNP and folate status in patients with early HCV genotype 4 infection and their relation with steatosis and thrombocytopenia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with the HCV genotype 4 and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. All the participants underwent laboratory, demographic, and anthropomorphic examinations. Serum folate level was determined, and genomic analysis of MTHFR C677T SNP was performed. RESULTS No significant difference in allelic frequency of MTHFR C677T was observed between patients and controls. However, significantly lower serum folate level, hemoglobin level, and platelet count were found in patients than controls (p = 0.014, p = 0.005, and p = 0.001, respectively). The cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein levels were also significantly lower in patients than controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas the low-density lipoprotein level was significantly higher in patients (p < 0.001). Patients harboring the MTHFR CT genotype had a significantly lower serum folate level (p = 0.033) than the controls. Among the patients with HCV infection, those with the TT genotype had the highest body mass index (p = 0.003) and levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.007, p = 0.025, and p = 0.040, respectively). CONCLUSION MTHFR C677T SNP may contribute to the development of complications associated with early HCV genotype 4 infection, such as dyslipidemia and decreased folate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona K ElDeeb
- Chemical Pathology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Abeer A Ghazal
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Dalia E Metwally
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Lamya A Elghlied
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Tan JS, Yan XX, Wu Y, Gao X, Xu XQ, Jiang X, Jia L, Hu S, Hua L, Wang XJ. Rare variants in MTHFR predispose to occurrence and recurrence of pulmonary embolism. Int J Cardiol 2021; 331:236-242. [PMID: 33571559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare genetic variants play a critical role in unprovoked pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the known risk genes only account a small proportion of patients with PE. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the rare variants of gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and the initiation and long-term clinical outcomes of PE. METHODS The rare variants of MTHFR were detected by whole exome sequencing of DNA from 258 unprovoked PE cases and 11,451 controls. Correlation of genotype and clinical phenotype and outcome were evaluated at baseline and after follow-up. RESULTS MTHFR rare variants were found in 15 of 258 cases (5.81%) and 241 of 11,451 controls (2.10%), conferring 2.87-fold greater odds of the PE occurrence (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.68-4.91, P = 5.6 × 10-5, chi-square test). The patients with MTHFR rare variants had higher plasma level of homocysteine than those without. During a follow-up of 3.0 years, a total of 84 events were identified. The recurrent PE (two or more events of PE) were significantly higher in patients carrying MTHFR rare variants (8/15, 53.3%) compared with those without (55/239, 23.0%) (P = 0.023). CONCLUSION We speculate that MTHFR rare variants may increase the occurrence and recurrence of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Shan Tan
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yan
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xi-Qi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Song Hu
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Thrombosis Center, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
| | - Xiao-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, FuWai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
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Reyes L, Godfrey D, Ming LJ, MacLean C, Gonzalez FJ, Madrigal L. The distribution in native populations from Mexico and Central America of the C677T variant in the MTHFR gene. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 33:e23567. [PMID: 33458918 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore evolutionary hypotheses for the high frequencies of a substitution in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, in Mexican and Central American Indigenous populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained allele frequencies for the C677T variant in the MTHFR gene and ecological information for 37 indigenous samples from Mexico and Central America. We calculated Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and computed Fst statistics. We computed correlations between the samples' allele frequencies and ecological and geochemical variables. RESULTS Many of the samples have extremely high frequencies of the T allele ( q ¯ = 0.62, median = 0.66). In this region, the frequency of the T allele decreases from Southeast to Northwest and is significantly correlated with longitude, latitude, altitude, and insolation. CONCLUSIONS The native people of Central America and Mexico evolved high frequencies of an allele which has been shown to produce deleterious clinical effects including neural tube effects, cardiovascular events, and cancer. This allele has a clinal distribution in the region, perhaps associated with solar irradiation. As (Contreras-Cubas et al., 2016) noted, the traditional diet of these populations, which is high in folate, has likely mitigated the negative effect of the allele. It is of primary importance that their rights to their homeland and traditional diets be respected. It is a matter of Public Health to investigate whether this allele is a factor in the current wave of cardiovascular diseases affecting the majority population of this region, since it descends from the Native peoples and the Mediterranean population, which also has high frequencies of the allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Reyes
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - David Godfrey
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Li-June Ming
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Caroline MacLean
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Lorena Madrigal
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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45
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Niforou A, Konstantinidou V, Naska A. Genetic Variants Shaping Inter-individual Differences in Response to Dietary Intakes-A Narrative Review of the Case of Vitamins. Front Nutr 2020; 7:558598. [PMID: 33335908 PMCID: PMC7736113 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.558598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nutrigenetics have provided evidence on how genetic variations can impact the individuals' response to dietary intakes. An objective and reliable assessment of dietary exposures should rely on combinations of methodologies including frequency questionnaires, short-term recalls or records, together with biological samples to evaluate markers of intake or status and to identify genetic susceptibilities. In an attempt to present current knowledge on how genetic fingerprints contribute to an individual's nutritional status, we present a review of current literature describing associations between genetic variants and levels of well-established biomarkers of vitamin status in free-living and generally healthy individuals. Based on the outcomes of candidate gene, genome-wide-association studies and meta-analyses thereof, we have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the vitamins' metabolic pathways. Polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in vitamin metabolism and transport are reported to have an impact on vitamin D status; while genetic variants of vitamin D receptor were most frequently associated with health outcomes. Genetic variations that can influence vitamin E status include SNPs involved in its uptake and transport, such as in SCAR-B1 gene, and in lipoprotein metabolism. Variants of the genes encoding the sodium-dependent vitamin C transport proteins are greatly associated with the body's status on vitamin C. Regarding the vitamins of the B-complex, special reference is made to the widely studied variant in the MTHFR gene. Methodological attributes of genetic studies that may limit the comparability and interpretability of the findings are also discussed. Our understanding of how genes affect our responses to nutritional triggers will enhance our capacity to evaluate dietary exposure and design personalized nutrition programs to sustain health and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Niforou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Androniki Naska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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46
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Forster J, Duis J, Butler MG. Pharmacodynamic Gene Testing in Prader-Willi Syndrome. Front Genet 2020; 11:579609. [PMID: 33329716 PMCID: PMC7715001 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.579609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder with a complex neurobehavioral phenotype associated with considerable psychiatric co-morbidity. This clinical case series, for the first time, describes the distribution and frequency of polymorphisms of pharmacodynamic genes (serotonin transporter, serotonin 2A and 2C receptors, catechol-o-methyltransferase, adrenergic receptor 2A, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, and human leucocytic antigens) across the two major molecular classes of PWS in a cohort of 33 referred patients who met medical criteria for testing. When results were pooled across PWS genetic subtypes, genotypic and allelic frequencies did not differ from normative population data. However, when the genetic subtype of PWS was examined, there were differences observed across all genes tested that may affect response to psychotropic medication. Due to small sample size, no statistical significance was found, but results suggest that pharmacodynamic gene testing should be considered before initiating pharmacotherapy in PWS. Larger scale studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Duis
- Section of Genetics and Inherited Metabolic Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Division of Research and Genetics, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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Ward M, Hughes CF, Strain JJ, Reilly R, Cunningham C, Molloy AM, Horigan G, Casey M, McCarroll K, O'Kane M, Gibney MJ, Flynn A, Walton J, McNulty BA, McCann A, Kirwan L, Scott JM, McNulty H. Impact of the common MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism on blood pressure in adulthood and role of riboflavin in modifying the genetic risk of hypertension: evidence from the JINGO project. BMC Med 2020; 18:318. [PMID: 33172445 PMCID: PMC7656675 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01780-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide and clinical studies have linked the 677C→T polymorphism in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with hypertension, whilst limited evidence shows that intervention with riboflavin (i.e. the MTHFR co-factor) can lower blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients with the variant MTHFR 677TT genotype. We investigated the impact of this common polymorphism on BP throughout adulthood and hypothesised that riboflavin status would modulate the genetic risk of hypertension. METHODS Observational data on 6076 adults of 18-102 years were drawn from the Joint Irish Nutrigenomics Organisation project, comprising the Trinity-Ulster Department of Agriculture (TUDA; volunteer sample) and the National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS; population-based sample) cohorts. Participants were recruited from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (UK) in 2008-2012 using standardised methods. RESULTS The variant MTHFR 677TT genotype was identified in 12% of adults. From 18 to 70 years, this genotype was associated with an increased risk of hypertension (i.e. systolic BP ≥ 140 and/or a diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg): odds ratio (OR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07 to 1.90; P = 0.016, after adjustment for antihypertensive drug use and other significant factors, namely, age, male sex, BMI, alcohol and total cholesterol. Low or deficient biomarker status of riboflavin (observed in 30.2% and 30.0% of participants, respectively) exacerbated the genetic risk of hypertension, with a 3-fold increased risk for the TT genotype in combination with deficient riboflavin status (OR 3.00, 95% CI, 1.34-6.68; P = 0.007) relative to the CC genotype combined with normal riboflavin status. Up to 65 years, we observed poorer BP control rates on antihypertensive treatment in participants with the TT genotype (30%) compared to those without this variant, CT (37%) and CC (45%) genotypes (P < 0.027). CONCLUSIONS The MTHFR 677TT genotype is associated with higher BP independently of homocysteine and predisposes adults to an increased risk of hypertension and poorer BP control with antihypertensive treatment, whilst better riboflavin status is associated with a reduced genetic risk. Riboflavin intervention may thus offer a personalised approach to prevent the onset of hypertension in adults with the TT genotype; however, this requires confirmation in a randomised trial in non-hypertensive adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ward
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J J Strain
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Rosie Reilly
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Conal Cunningham
- The Department of Gerontology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Horigan
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Miriam Casey
- The Department of Gerontology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin McCarroll
- The Department of Gerontology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maurice O'Kane
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Michael J Gibney
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Janette Walton
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Breige A McNulty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adrian McCann
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Laura Kirwan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John M Scott
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helene McNulty
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Stabler SP. Alterations in Sulfur Amino Acids as Biomarkers of Disease. J Nutr 2020; 150:2532S-2537S. [PMID: 33000156 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is methylated by methionine synthase to form methionine with methyl-cobalamin as a cofactor. The reaction demethylates 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, which is required for DNA and RNA synthesis. Deficiency of either of the cobalamin (Cbl) and/or folate cofactors results in elevated Hcy and megaloblastic anemia. Elevated Hcy is a sensitive biomarker of Cbl and/or folate status and more specific than serum vitamin assays. Elevated Hcy normalizes when the correct vitamin is given. Elevated Hcy is associated with alcohol use disorder and drugs that target folate or Cbl metabolism, and is a risk factor for thrombotic vascular disease. Elevated methionine and cystathionine are associated with liver disease. Elevated Hcy, cystathionine, and cysteine, but not methionine, are common in patients with chronic renal failure. Higher cysteine predicts obesity and future weight gain. Serum S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) is elevated in Cbl deficiency and chronic renal failure. Drugs that require methylation for catabolism may deplete liver S-adenosylmethionine and raise AdoHcy and Hcy. Deficiency of Cbl or folate or perturbations of their metabolism cause major changes in sulfur amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally P Stabler
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
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49
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Life-threatening course in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Is there a link to methylenetetrahydrofolic acid reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and hyperhomocysteinemia? Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110234. [PMID: 33254541 PMCID: PMC7467063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
As the current COVID-19 pandemic develops and epidemiological data reveals differences in geographical spread as well as risk factors for developing a severe course of illness, hypotheses regarding possible underlying mechanisms need to be developed and tested. In our hypothesis, we explore the rational for a role of MTHFR polymorphism C677T as a possible explanation for differences in geographical and gender distribution in disease severity. We also discuss the role of the resulting hyper-homocysteinemia, its interaction with the C677T polymorphism and its influence on immune state as well as risk factors for severe disease. Finally, we consider possible dietary ways to influence the underlying pathomechanisms prophylactically and supportively.
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50
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Williams BA, Cochrane KM, Fischer JAJ, Aljaadi AM, McAnena L, Ward M, McNulty H, Kroeun H, Green TJ, Whitfield KC, Karakochuk CD. The Homozygous Hemoglobin EE Variant Is Associated with Poorer Riboflavin Status in Cambodian Women of Reproductive Age. J Nutr 2020; 150:1943-1950. [PMID: 32433728 PMCID: PMC7330481 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Riboflavin is required for erythropoiesis, which is increased in people with hemoglobinopathies due to increased hemolysis and erythrocyte turnover. Dietary intake and status of riboflavin is poor in Cambodia, where hemoglobinopathies are common. OBJECTIVE We assessed the association between genetic hemoglobin disorders and riboflavin status in women of reproductive age in Cambodia. METHODS Venous blood samples from 515 Cambodian women of reproductive age, 18-45 y, were analyzed for biomarker status of riboflavin [erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac)], genetic hemoglobin (Hb) disorders, and hematological indices. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate the association between EGRac with Hb, ferritin, and Hb genotypes. EGRac was log transformed in the analyses, and the regression coefficients represent the geometric mean differences. RESULTS Genetic Hb disorders were present in 57% of the population, with the homozygous hemoglobin E variant (Hb EE) occurring in ∼10% of women (n = 53). Deficient (EGRac ≥1.40) or marginal riboflavin status (EGRac ≥1.30 and <1.40) was observed in 92% (n = 475) of women. The variant Hb EE genotype was associated with 18% (95% CI: 9%, 28%) higher geometric mean EGRac values than the normal Hb AA genotype (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although riboflavin biomarker deficiency or marginal status is widely prevalent in Cambodian women, lower riboflavin status was observed more frequently in women with the Hb EE genotype than in women with normal Hb AA. The relation between genetic Hb disorders and riboflavin warrants further investigation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01593423 and NCT02481375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock A Williams
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kelsey M Cochrane
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jordie A J Fischer
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Abeer M Aljaadi
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Liadhan McAnena
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Hou Kroeun
- Helen Keller International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Tim J Green
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kyly C Whitfield
- Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Crystal D Karakochuk
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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