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Chen J, Wang T, Li X, Gao L, Wang K, Cheng M, Zeng Z, Chen L, Shen Y, Wen F. DNA of neutrophil extracellular traps promote NF-κB-dependent autoimmunity via cGAS/TLR9 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:163. [PMID: 38880789 PMCID: PMC11180664 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by persistent airway inflammation even after cigarette smoking cessation. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in COPD severity and acute airway inflammation induced by short-term cigarette smoke (CS). However, whether and how NETs contribute to sustained airway inflammation in COPD remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the immunoregulatory mechanism of NETs in COPD, employing human neutrophils, airway epithelial cells (AECs), dendritic cells (DCs), and a long-term CS-induced COPD mouse model, alongside cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase and toll-like receptor 9 knockout mice (cGAS--/-, TLR9-/-); Additionally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COPD patients was examined. Neutrophils from COPD patients released greater cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced NETs (CSE-NETs) due to mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction. These CSE-NETs, containing oxidatively-damaged DNA (NETs-DNA), promoted AECs proliferation, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, NF-κB-dependent cytokines and type-I interferons production, and DC maturation, which were ameliorated/reversed by silencing/inhibition of cGAS/TLR9. In the COPD mouse model, blocking NETs-DNA-sensing via cGAS-/- and TLR9-/- mice, inhibiting NETosis using mitoTEMPO, and degrading NETs-DNA with DNase-I, respectively, reduced NETs infiltrations, airway inflammation, NF-κB activation and NF-κB-dependent cytokines, but not type-I interferons due to IFN-α/β receptor degradation. Elevated NETs components (myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase activity) in BALF of COPD smokers correlated with disease severity and NF-κB-dependent cytokine levels, but not type-I interferon levels. In conclusion, NETs-DNA promotes NF-κB-dependent autoimmunity via cGAS/TLR9 in long-term CS exposure-induced COPD. Therefore, targeting NETs-DNA and cGAS/TLR9 emerges as a potential strategy to alleviate persistent airway inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Mengxin Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zijian Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yongchun Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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Balde A, Ramya CS, Nazeer RA. A review on current advancement in zebrafish models to study chronic inflammatory diseases and their therapeutic targets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31862. [PMID: 38867970 PMCID: PMC11167310 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases are caused due to prolonged inflammation at a specific site of the body. Among other inflammatory diseases, bacterial meningitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are primarily focused on because of their adverse effects and fatality rates around the globe in recent times. In order to come up with novel strategies to eradicate these diseases, a clear understanding of the mechanisms of the diseases is needed. Similarly, detailed insight into the mechanisms of commercially available drugs and potent lead compounds from natural sources are also important to establish efficient therapeutic effects. Zebrafish is widely accepted as a model to study drug toxicity and the pharmacokinetic effects of the drug. Moreover, researchers use various inducers to trigger inflammatory cascades and stimulate physiological changes in zebrafish. The effect of these inducers contrasts with the type of zebrafish used in the investigation. Hence, a thorough analysis is required to study the current advancements in the zebrafish model for chronic inflammatory disease suppression. This review presents the most common inflammatory diseases, commercially available drugs, novel therapeutics, and their mechanisms of action for disease suppression. The review also provides a detailed description of various zebrafish models for these diseases. Finally, the future prospects and challenges for the same are described, which can help the researchers understand the potency of the zebrafish model and its further exploration for disease attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshad Balde
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Cunnathur Saravanan Ramya
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rasool Abdul Nazeer
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Hao Y, Wang T, Hou Y, Wang X, Yin Y, Liu Y, Han N, Ma Y, Li Z, Wei Y, Feng W, Jia Z, Qi H. Therapeutic potential of Lianhua Qingke in airway mucus hypersecretion of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chin Med 2023; 18:145. [PMID: 37924136 PMCID: PMC10623880 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lianhua Qingke (LHQK) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine used for treating acute tracheobronchitis. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of LHQK in managing airway mucus hypersecretion in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). METHODS The AECOPD model was established by subjecting male Wistar rats to 12 weeks of cigarette smoke (CS) exposure (80 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks) and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure (200 μg, on days 1, 14, and 84). The rats were divided into six groups: control (room air exposure), model (CS + LPS exposure), LHQK (LHQK-L, LHQK-M, and LHQK-H), and a positive control group (Ambroxol). H&E staining, and AB-PAS staining were used to evaluate lung tissue pathology, inflammatory responses, and goblet cell hyperplasia. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and ELISA were utilized to analyze the transcription, expression and secretion of proteins related to mucus production in vivo and in the human airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292 in vitro. To predict and screen the active ingredients of LHQK, network pharmacology analysis and NF-κB reporter system analysis were employed. RESULTS LHQK treatment could ameliorate AECOPD-triggered pulmonary structure damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. AB-PAS and immunofluorescence staining with CCSP and Muc5ac antibodies showed that LHQK reduced goblet cell hyperplasia, probably by inhibiting the transdifferentiation of Club cells into goblet cells. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry of Muc5ac and APQ5 showed that LHQK modulated mucus homeostasis by suppressing Muc5ac transcription and hypersecretion in vivo and in vitro, and maintaining the balance between Muc5ac and AQP5 expression. Network pharmacology analysis and NF-κB luciferase reporter system analysis provided insights into the active ingredients of LHQK that may help control airway mucus hypersecretion and regulate inflammation. CONCLUSION LHQK demonstrated therapeutic effects in AECOPD by reducing inflammation, suppressing goblet cell hyperplasia, preventing Club cell transdifferentiation, reducing Muc5ac hypersecretion, and modulating airway mucus homeostasis. These findings support the clinical use of LHQK as a potential treatment for AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Hao
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Tongxing Wang
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, Hebei, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, Hebei, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuan, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Yujie Yin
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, Hebei, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Ningxin Han
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuan, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yaru Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuan, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, Hebei, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- Affiliated Yiling Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China.
| | - Hui Qi
- Hebei Academy of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, Hebei, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China.
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Baranasic J, Niazi Y, Chattopadhyay S, Rumora L, Ćorak L, Dugac AV, Jakopović M, Samaržija M, Försti A, Knežević J. Germline variants of the genes involved in NF-kB activation are associated with the risk of COPD and lung cancer development. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:243-256. [PMID: 37307368 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer (LC) are closely related diseases associated with smoking history and dysregulated immune response. However, not all smokers develop the disease, indicating that genetic susceptibility could be important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to search for the potential overlapping genetic biomarkers, with a focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the regulatory regions of immune-related genes. Additionally, the aim was to see if an identified SNP has potentially an effect on proinflamma-tory cytokine concentration in the serum of COPD patients. We extracted summary data of variants in 1511 immune-related genes from COPD and LC genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the UK Biobank. The LC data had 203 cases, patients diagnosed with LC, and 360 938 controls, while COPD data had 1 897 cases and 359 297 controls. Assuming 1 association/gene, SNPs with a p-value < 3.3 × 10-5 were considered statistically significantly associated with the disease. We identified seven SNPs located in different genes (BAG6, BTNL2, TNF, HCP5, MICB, NCR3, ABCF1, TCF7L1) to be associated with the COPD risk and two with the LC risk (HLA-C, HLA-B), with statistical significance. We also identified two SNPs located in the IL2RA gene associated with LC (rs2386841; p = 1.86 × 10-4) and COPD (rs11256442; p = 9.79 × 10-3) but with lower significance. Functional studies conducted on COPD patients showed that RNA expression of IL2RA, IFNγ and related proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum did not correlate with a specific genotype. Although results presented in this study do not fully support our hypothesis, it is worth to mention that the identified genes/SNPs that were associated with either COPD or LC risk, all were involved in the activation of the NF-κB transcription factor which is closely related to the regulation of the inflammatory response, a condition associated with both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurica Baranasic
- 1Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yasmeen Niazi
- 2Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- 3Division of Pediatric Neurooncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Subhayan Chattopadhyay
- 3Division of Pediatric Neurooncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg, Germany
- 4Departments of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lada Rumora
- 5Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lorna Ćorak
- 6Clinical Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Vukić Dugac
- 6Clinical Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Jakopović
- 6Clinical Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Samaržija
- 6Clinical Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Asta Försti
- 2Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- 3Division of Pediatric Neurooncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jelena Knežević
- 1Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- 7Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Yun HJ, Lee HY. The novel TAK1 inhibitor handelin inhibits NF-κB and AP-1 activity to alleviate elastase-induced emphysema in mice. Life Sci 2023; 319:121388. [PMID: 36640900 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Emphysema, one of the two major components of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is driven by aberrant inflammatory responses and associated with irreversible lung parenchymal destruction. As effective therapy for preventing or treating COPD/emphysema is yet unavailable, development of molecular targets and therapeutic agents for COPD/emphysema is required. MAIN METHODS AND KEY FINDINGS We identified handelin-a guaianolide dimer of sesquiterpene lactones- from a chemical library of 431 natural products as it exhibited potent inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/AP-1, and expression of proinflammatory mediators in macrophage cells. In silico docking and biochemical studies enabled the identification of the ATP-binding pocket of transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a kinase upstream of NF-κB and MAPK/AP-1 pathways, as a molecular target for handelin. Moreover, oral administration of handelin (10 mg/kg) suppressed elastase-induced development of emphysematous phenotypes, including lung function disturbance, airspace enlargement, and increases in the level of neutrophils and CD8+ T cells in lung tissues, without overt toxicity. Consistent with in vitro results, analyses of lung tissues revealed that treatment with handelin suppressed elastase-induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation in the lungs, followed by downregulation of their targets including interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that handelin, as a TAK1 inhibitor, effectively prevents development of emphysema in an elastase-induced mouse model by inhibiting a proinflammatory mediators mediated by NF-κB and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Yun
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for concurrent control of emphysema and lung cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Khodayari N, Oshins R, Mehrad B, Lascano JE, Qiang X, West JR, Holliday LS, Lee J, Wiesemann G, Eydgahi S, Brantly M. Cigarette smoke exposed airway epithelial cell-derived EVs promote pro-inflammatory macrophage activation in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Respir Res 2022; 23:232. [PMID: 36068572 PMCID: PMC9446525 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder most commonly secondary to a single mutation in the SERPINA1 gene (PI*Z) that causes misfolding and accumulation of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) in hepatocytes and mononuclear phagocytes which reduces plasma AAT and creates a toxic gain of function. This toxic gain of function promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages that contributes to lung inflammation and early-onset COPD, especially in individuals who smoke cigarettes. The aim of this study is to determine the role of cigarette exposed AATD macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells in AATD-mediated lung inflammation. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from AATD and healthy individuals were differentiated into alveolar-like macrophages and exposed to air or cigarette smoke while in culture. Macrophage endoplasmic reticulum stress was quantified and secreted cytokines were measured using qPCR and cytokine ELISAs. To determine whether there is "cross talk" between epithelial cells and macrophages, macrophages were exposed to extracellular vesicles released by airway epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke and their inflammatory response was determined. RESULTS AATD macrophages spontaneously produce several-fold more pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to normal macrophages. AATD macrophages have an enhanced inflammatory response when exposed to cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from airway epithelial cells. Cigarette smoke-induced EVs induce expression of GM-CSF and IL-8 in AATD macrophages but have no effect on normal macrophages. Release of AAT polymers, potent neutrophil chemo attractants, were also increased from AATD macrophages after exposure to cigarette smoke-induced EVs. CONCLUSIONS The expression of mutated AAT confers an inflammatory phenotype in AATD macrophages which disposes them to an exaggerated inflammatory response to cigarette smoke-induced EVs, and thus could contribute to progressive lung inflammation and damage in AATD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Khodayari
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Regina Oshins
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jorge E Lascano
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | | | - Jesse R West
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - L Shannon Holliday
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jungnam Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Gayle Wiesemann
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Soroush Eydgahi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mark Brantly
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd Rm M453A, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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Barnes PJ. Oxidative Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050965. [PMID: 35624831 PMCID: PMC9138026 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a marked increase in oxidative stress in the lungs of patients with COPD, as measured by increased exhaled 8-isoprostane, ethane, and hydrogen peroxide in the breath. The lung may be exposed to exogenous oxidative stress from cigarette smoking and indoor or outdoor air pollution and to endogenous oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species released from activated inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils and macrophages, in the lungs. Oxidative stress in COPD may be amplified by a reduction in endogenous antioxidants and poor intake of dietary antioxidants. Oxidative stress is a major driving mechanism of COPD through the induction of chronic inflammation, induction of cellular senescence and impaired autophagy, reduced DNA repair, increased autoimmunity, increased mucus secretion, and impaired anti-inflammatory response to corticosteroids. Oxidative stress, therefore, drives the pathology of COPD and may increase disease progression, amplify exacerbations, and increase comorbidities through systemic oxidative stress. This suggests that antioxidants may be effective as disease-modifying treatments. Unfortunately, thiol-based antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine, have been poorly effective, as they are inactivated by oxidative stress in the lungs, so there is a search for more effective and safer antioxidants. New antioxidants in development include mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, NOX inhibitors, and activators of the transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates several antioxidant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW5 9LH, UK
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8
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Synthesis and characterization of berberine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for the protection of urethane-induced lung cancer. Int J Pharm 2022; 618:121652. [PMID: 35278602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the respiratory system and has the highest rates of incidence and mortality of malignant tumors. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize berberine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BBR-COSNPs) and to evaluate their protective effects against urethane-induced lung cancer. Forty male albino mice were divided into four groups, with the first serving as a negative control and the other three groups were injected intraperitoneally with urethane (1 mg/kg b.w) each other day for 1 week then group 2 was served as a positive control, however, groups 3 and 4 were treated orally with a daily dose of BBR or BBR-COSNPs (75 mg/kg b.w) for 10 consecutive weeks. Blood and lung tissue samples are collected for laboratory assay. The BBR-COSNPs were spherical, with an average particle size of 45.56 nm and zeta potential of 39.82 1.82 mV. The in vivo data demonstrated that mice given urethane alone had a significant increase in MDA, NO, NF-κB level, HIF1-α, and COX-2-positive expression in the lung tissue and serum VEGFR2, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine accompanied with a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, caspase 9 in the lung tissue and serum BAX. Co-treatment with BBR-COSNPs suppressed lung cancer growth and promoted apoptosis by modulating serum BAX and lung caspase 9 gene expressions. In addition, BBR-COSNPs inhibited tumor angiogenesis by reduction in levels of serum VEGFR2 and lung HIF 1 gene expression. It is possible to conclude that BBR-COSNPs can be used in oral administration formulations for lunganticancer therapy.
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9
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Yadav RS, Kant S, Tripathi PM, Pathak AK, Mahdi AA. Transcription factor NF-κB, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-8 expression and its association with tobacco smoking and severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Uwagboe I, Adcock IM, Lo Bello F, Caramori G, Mumby S. New drugs under development for COPD. Minerva Med 2022; 113:471-496. [PMID: 35142480 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.08024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The characteristic features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include inflammation and remodelling of the lower airways and lung parenchyma together with activation of inflammatory and immune processes. Due to the increasing habit of cigarette smoking worldwide COPD prevalence is increasing globally. Current therapies are unable to prevent COPD progression in many patients or target many of its hallmark characteristics which may reflect the lack of adequate biomarkers to detect the heterogeneous clinical and molecular nature of COPD. In this chapter we review recent molecular data that may indicate novel pathways that underpin COPD subphenotypes and indicate potential improvements in the classes of drugs currently used to treat COPD. We also highlight the evidence for new drugs or approaches to treat COPD identified using molecular and other approaches including kinase inhibitors, cytokine- and chemokine-directed biologicals and small molecules, antioxidants and redox signalling pathway inhibitors, inhaled anti-infectious agents and senolytics. It is important to consider the phenotypes/molecular endotypes of COPD patients together with specific outcome measures to target new therapies to particular COPD subtypes. This will require greater understanding of COPD molecular pathologies and a focus on biomarkers of predicting disease subsets and responder/non-responder populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Uwagboe
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK -
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Jung SY, Kim GD, Choi DW, Shin DU, Eom JE, Kim SY, Chai OH, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Shin HS. Epilobiumpyrricholophum Extract Suppresses Porcine Pancreatic Elastase and Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced Inflammatory response in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122929. [PMID: 34945480 PMCID: PMC8700438 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic airway exposure to harmful substances, such as deleterious gases, cigarette smoke (CS), and particulate matter, triggers chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by impaired lung function and unbridled immune responses. Emerging epigenomic and genomic evidence suggests that excessive recruitment of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils contributes to COPD pathogenesis by producing various inflammatory mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), neutrophil elastase, interleukin (IL) 6, and IL8. Recent studies showed that Epilobium species attenuated ROS, myeloperoxidase, and inflammatory cytokine production in murine and human innate immune cells. Although the Epilobium genus exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects, the question of whether the Epilobium species regulate lung inflammation and innate immune response in COPD has not been investigated. In this study, Epilobium pyrricholophum extract (EPE) suppressed inflammatory cell recruitment and clinical symptoms in porcine pancreatic elastase and CS extract-induced COPD mice. In addition, EPE attenuated inflammatory gene expression by suppressing MAPKs and NFκB activity. Furthermore, UPLC-Q-TOF MS analyses revealed the anti-inflammatory effects of the identified phytochemical constituents of EPE. Collectively, our studies revealed that EPE represses the innate immune response and inflammatory gene expression in COPD pathogenesis in mice. These findings provide insights into new therapeutic approaches for treating COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Jung
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (G.-D.K.); (D.W.C.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Gun-Dong Kim
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (G.-D.K.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Dae Woon Choi
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (G.-D.K.); (D.W.C.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
| | - Dong-Uk Shin
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Research Group of Natural Materials and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Eom
- Food Functional Evaluation Support Team, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea;
| | - Seung Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Department of Food Science and Technology, and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea;
- EZmass. Co. Ltd., 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 55365, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Research Group of Natural Materials and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9348 (S.-Y.L.); +82-63-219-9296 (H.S.S.)
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (S.Y.J.); (G.-D.K.); (D.W.C.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.); Tel.: +82-63-219-9348 (S.-Y.L.); +82-63-219-9296 (H.S.S.)
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12
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Rodrigues SDO, da Cunha CMC, Soares GMV, Silva PL, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Mechanisms, Pathophysiology and Currently Proposed Treatments of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:979. [PMID: 34681202 PMCID: PMC8539950 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading global causes of morbidity and mortality. A hallmark of COPD is progressive airflow obstruction primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS exposure causes an imbalance favoring pro- over antioxidants (oxidative stress), leading to transcription factor activation and increased expression of inflammatory mediators and proteases. Different cell types, including macrophages, epithelial cells, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes, contribute to COPD pathophysiology. Alteration in cell functions results in the generation of an oxidative and inflammatory microenvironment, which contributes to disease progression. Current treatments include inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilator therapy. However, these therapies do not effectively halt disease progression. Due to the complexity of its pathophysiology, and the risk of exacerbating symptoms with existing therapies, other specific and effective treatment options are required. Therapies directly or indirectly targeting the oxidative imbalance may be promising alternatives. This review briefly discusses COPD pathophysiology, and provides an update on the development and clinical testing of novel COPD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah de Oliveira Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (C.M.C.d.C.); (G.M.V.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Carolina Medina Coeli da Cunha
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (C.M.C.d.C.); (G.M.V.S.)
| | - Giovanna Martins Valladão Soares
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (C.M.C.d.C.); (G.M.V.S.)
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação Pulmonar, Carlos Chagas Filho, Instituto de Biofísica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 24020-140, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (C.M.C.d.C.); (G.M.V.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 24020-140, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20210-010, Brazil
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13
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Burke H, Wilkinson TMA. Unravelling the mechanisms driving multimorbidity in COPD to develop holistic approaches to patient-centred care. Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30:30/160/210041. [PMID: 34415848 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0041-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multimorbidity is common in COPD patients and a key modifiable factor, which requires timely identification and targeted holistic management strategies to improve outcomes and reduce the burden of disease.We discuss the use of integrative approaches, such as cluster analysis and network-based theory, to understand the common and novel pathobiological mechanisms underlying COPD and comorbid disease, which are likely to be key to informing new management strategies.Furthermore, we discuss the current understanding of mechanistic drivers to multimorbidity in COPD, including hypotheses such as multimorbidity as a result of shared common exposure to noxious stimuli (e.g. tobacco smoke), or as a consequence of loss of function following the development of pulmonary disease. In addition, we explore the links to pulmonary disease processes such as systemic overspill of pulmonary inflammation, immune cell priming within the inflamed COPD lung and targeted messengers such as extracellular vesicles as a result of local damage as a cause for multimorbidity in COPD.Finally, we focus on current and new management strategies which may target these underlying mechanisms, with the aim of holistic, patient-centred treatment rather than single disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Burke
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK .,University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - T M A Wilkinson
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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14
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Udhaya Kumar S, Madhana Priya N, Thirumal Kumar D, Anu Preethi V, Kumar V, Nagarajan D, Magesh R, Younes S, Zayed H, George Priya Doss C. An integrative analysis to distinguish between emphysema (EML) and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related emphysema (ADL)-A systems biology approach. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 127:315-342. [PMID: 34340772 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung Emphysema is an abnormal enlargement of the air sacs followed by the destruction of alveolar walls without any prominent fibrosis. This study primarily identifies the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), interactions between them, and their significant involvement in the activated signaling cascades. The dataset with ID GSE1122 (five normal lung tissue samples, five of usual emphysema, and five of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related emphysema) from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) was analyzed using the GEO2R tool. The physical association between the DEGs were mapped using the STRING tool and was visualized in the Cytoscape software. The enriched functional processes were identified with the ClueGO plugin's help from Cytoscape. Further integrative functional annotation was performed by implying the GeneGo Metacore™ to distinguish the enriched pathway maps, process networks, and GO processes. The results from this analysis revealed the critical signaling cascades that have been either activated or inhibited due to identified DEGs. We found the activated pathways such as immune response IL-1 signaling pathway, positive regulation of smooth muscle migration, BMP signaling pathway, positive regulation of leukocyte migration, NIK/NF-kappB signaling, and cytochrome-c oxidase activity. Finally, we mapped four crucial genes (CCL5, ALK, TAC1, CD74, and HLA-DOA) by comparing the functional annotations that could be significantly influential in emphysema molecular pathogenesis. Our study provides insights into the pathogenesis of emphysema and helps in developing potential drug targets against emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Udhaya Kumar
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Madhana Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Thirumal Kumar
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Anu Preethi
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vibhaa Kumar
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanushya Nagarajan
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Salma Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Chukowry PS, Spittle DA, Turner AM. Small Airways Disease, Biomarkers and COPD: Where are We? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:351-365. [PMID: 33628018 PMCID: PMC7899307 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s280157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The response to treatment and progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) varies significantly. Small airways disease (SAD) is being increasingly recognized as a key pathological feature of COPD. Studies have brought forward pathological evidence of small airway damage preceding the development of emphysema and the detection of obstruction using traditional spirometry. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the early detection of SAD and this has brought along an increased demand for physiological tests able to identify and quantify SAD. Early detection of SAD allows early targeted therapy and this suggests the potential for altering the course of disease. The aim of this article is to review the evidence available on the physiological testing of small airways. The first half will focus on the role of lung function tests such as maximum mid-expiratory flow, impulse oscillometry and lung clearance index in detecting and quantifying SAD. The role of Computed Tomography (CT) as a radiological biomarker will be discussed as well as the potential of recent CT analysis software to differentiate normal aging of the lungs to pathology. The evidence behind SAD biomarkers sourced from blood as well as biomarkers sourced from sputum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) will be reviewed. This paper focuses on CC-16, sRAGE, PAI-1, MMP-9 and MMP-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada S Chukowry
- Respiratory Research Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniella A Spittle
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alice M Turner
- Institute for Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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16
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Jing X, Luan Z, Liu B. miR-558 Reduces the Damage of HBE Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Extract by Targeting TNFRSF1A and Inactivating TAK1/MAPK/NF-κB Pathway. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:787-801. [PMID: 33459100 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1874977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic smoking-related lung disease associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Herein, we attempted to investigate the function of miR-558/TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 1A (TNFRSF1A) in the progression of COPD. METHODS GEO database was applied to filtrate the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs. KEGG enrichment was used to select the meaningful pathway related to the differentially expressed genes. TargetScan was used to predict the upstream regulator of TNFRSF1A, which was further affirmed by dual luciferase assay. HBE cells were stimulated by 20 μg/mL cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to mimic the COPD in vitro. The activity, apoptosis and inflammatory factors of HBE cells were evaluated by biological experiments. The levels of proteins related to TAK1/MAPK/NF-κB pathway were measured by Western blot. RESULTS TNFRSF1A is found to be highly expressed in COPD samples and enriched in TNF signaling pathway through bioinformatics analysis. miR-558 was verified as an upstream regulator of TNFRSF1A and negatively regulated TNFRSF1A expression. Up-regulation of miR-558 alleviated CSE-induced damage on HBE cells. The alleviative effect of miR-558 mimic on CSE-induced damage was suppressed by TNFRSF1A overexpression. The elevated expression of p-TAK1/p-p38 MAPK/p-NF-κB P65 in CSE condition was suppressed by miR-558 up-regulation. However, the results were reversed by TNFRSF1A overexpression. TAK1 inhibitor blocked the activation of TAK1/MAPK/NF-κB pathway, which was consistent with the results from miR-558 up-regulation. CONCLUSIONS Up-regulation of miR-558 relieved the damage of HBE cells-triggered by CSE via reducing TNFRSF1A and inactivating TAK1/MAPK/NF-κB pathway, affording novel molecules for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Jing
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai Mountain Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoji Luan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Baoliang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, P. R. China
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17
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Ridzuan N, Zakaria N, Widera D, Sheard J, Morimoto M, Kiyokawa H, Mohd Isa SA, Chatar Singh GK, Then KY, Ooi GC, Yahaya BH. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate airway inflammation in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:54. [PMID: 33436065 PMCID: PMC7805108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable and debilitating chronic disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation associated with abnormal levels of tissue inflammation. Therefore, stem cell-based approaches to tackle the condition are currently a focus of regenerative therapies for COPD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by all cell types are crucially involved in paracrine, extracellular communication. Recent advances in the field suggest that stem cell-derived EVs possess a therapeutic potential which is comparable to the cells of their origin. METHODS In this study, we assessed the potential anti-inflammatory effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived EVs in a rat model of COPD. EVs were isolated from hUC-MSCs and characterized by the transmission electron microscope, western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. As a model of COPD, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for up to 12 weeks, followed by transplantation of hUC-MSCs or application of hUC-MSC-derived EVs. Lung tissue was subjected to histological analysis using haematoxylin and eosin staining, Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Gene expression in the lung tissue was assessed using microarray analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 7 version 7.0 (GraphPad Software, USA). Student's t test was used to compare between 2 groups. Comparison among more than 2 groups was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data presented as median ± standard deviation (SD). RESULTS Both transplantation of hUC-MSCs and application of EVs resulted in a reduction of peribronchial and perivascular inflammation, alveolar septal thickening associated with mononuclear inflammation, and a decreased number of goblet cells. Moreover, hUC-MSCs and EVs ameliorated the loss of alveolar septa in the emphysematous lung of COPD rats and reduced the levels of NF-κB subunit p65 in the tissue. Subsequent microarray analysis revealed that both hUC-MSCs and EVs significantly regulate multiple pathways known to be associated with COPD. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we show that hUC-MSC-derived EVs effectively ameliorate by COPD-induced inflammation. Thus, EVs could serve as a new cell-free-based therapy for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noridzzaida Ridzuan
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Norashikin Zakaria
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Jonathan Sheard
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Mitsuru Morimoto
- RIKEN Centre for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuou-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kiyokawa
- RIKEN Centre for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuou-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Seoparjoo Azmel Mohd Isa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur Chatar Singh
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Kong-Yong Then
- CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ghee-Chien Ooi
- CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia.
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
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18
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Pastor L, Vera E, Marin JM, Sanz-Rubio D. Extracellular Vesicles from Airway Secretions: New Insights in Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E583. [PMID: 33430153 PMCID: PMC7827453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases (LD) are one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Although it is known that chronic airway inflammation and excessive tissue repair are processes associated with LD such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), their specific pathways remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous nanoscale membrane vesicles with an important role in cell-to-cell communication. EVs are present in general biofluids as plasma or urine but also in secretions of the airway as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), induced sputum (IS), nasal lavage (NL) or pharyngeal lavage. Alterations of airway EV cargo could be crucial for understanding LD. Airway EVs have shown a role in the pathogenesis of some LD such as eosinophil increase in asthma, the promotion of lung cancer in vitro models in COPD and as biomarkers to distinguishing IPF in patients with diffuse lung diseases. In addition, they also have a promising future as therapeutics for LD. In this review, we focus on the importance of airway secretions in LD, the pivotal role of EVs from those secretions on their pathophysiology and their potential for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pastor
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Vera
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Respiratory Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Marin
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Respiratory Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rubio
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
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19
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Ahmad S, Arora S, Khan S, Mohsin M, Mohan A, Manda K, Syed MA. Vitamin D and its therapeutic relevance in pulmonary diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 90:108571. [PMID: 33388351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is customarily involved in maintaining bone and calcium homeostasis. However, contemporary studies have identified the implication of vitamin D in several cellular processes including cellular proliferation, differentiation, wound healing, repair and regulatory systems inclusive of host defence, immunity, and inflammation. Multiple studies have indicated corelations between low serum levels of vitamin D, perturbed pulmonary functions and enhanced incidences of inflammatory diseases. Almost all of the pulmonary diseases including acute lung injury, cystic fibrosis, asthma, COPD, Pneumonia and Tuberculosis, all are inflammatory in nature. Studies have displayed strong inter-relations with vitamin D deficiency and progression of lung disorders; however, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Vitamin D has emerged to possess inhibiting effects on pulmonary inflammation while exaggerating innate immune defenses by strongly influencing functions of inflammatory cells including dendritic cells, monocyte/macrophages, T cells, and B cells along with structural epithelial cells. This review dissects the effects of vitamin D on the inflammatory cells and their therapeutic relevance in pulmonary diseases. Although, the data obtained is very limited and needs further corroboration but presents an exciting area of further research. This is because of its ease of supplementation and development of personalized medicine which could lead us to an effective adjunct and cost-effective method of therapeutic modality for highly fatal pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaniya Ahmad
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Defence Research and Development Organisation, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Arora
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Salman Khan
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mohsin
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash Manda
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Defence Research and Development Organisation, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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20
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Cao X, Cao L, Zhang W, Lu R, Bian JS, Nie X. Therapeutic potential of sulfur-containing natural products in inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107687. [PMID: 32966837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the prevalence of chronic inflammation and its related disorders, there is a demand for novel therapeutic agents capable of preventing or suppressing inflammation. Natural products (NPs) are well established as an important resource for drug development and provide an almost infinite array of molecular entities. Sulfur-containing NPs (i.e., NPs containing one or more sulfur atoms) are abundant throughout nature, from bacteria to animals. The aim of this review was to survey the emerging evidence on role of sulfur-containing NPs, such as glutathione, garlic-derived sulfur compounds, Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (EPTs), Isothiocyanates (ITCs), and Ergothioneine (EGT), in the control of inflammation and to determine the possible underlying mechanisms. A discussion of how hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, links sulfur-containing NPs and their anti-inflammatory action is also performed. This review may help to further the development of sulfur-based compounds by providing a guide for structure-activity relationship-based modification for use in modern medicinal chemistry. However, as this field is still in its infancy, the review is concluded by an overview of the progression of these promising entities as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wencan Zhang
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore; Institute of Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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21
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Gallic acid ameliorates COPD-associated exacerbation in mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:293-302. [PMID: 32965595 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
COPD is an inflammatory lung disease, which is often exacerbated with microbial infections resulting in worsening of respiratory symptoms. Gallic acid (GA), a naturally occurring phenolic compound is known to possess anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory activity. We have recently reported that GA protects against the elastase (ET) induced lung inflammation and emphysema and the present work was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of Gallic acid against ET + Lipopolysachharide (LPS) induced COPD exacerbation like condition in mice model. Our data showed that i.t. administration of LPS at 21 days after ET instillation resulted in significant infiltration of inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils (p < 0.0001) into the lungs along with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.0001). Interestingly, daily administration of GA (200 mg/Kg b. wt.) starting 7 days before ET instillation, significantly blunted the ET + LPS induced inflammation as indicated by reduced number of inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils (p < 0.0001) in BALF along with suppression of myeloperoxidase activity (p = 0.0009) and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.0001). Further, GA also restored the redox imbalance in the lungs towards normal. Additionally, phosphorylation of p65-NF-κB was found to be reduced (p = 0.015), which was associated with downregulation in the gene expression of IL-1β (p = 0.022) and TNF-α (p = 0.04). Conversely, GA treatment resulted in increased protein levels of Nrf2 (p = 0.021) with concomitant increase in transcription of its downstream target genes HO-1 (p = 0.033) and Prdx-1 (p = 0.006). Overall, our data show that GA effectively modulates COPD exacerbation manifestations in mice potentially by restoring redox imbalance in lungs.
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Wang T, Dai F, Li GH, Chen XM, Li YR, Wang SQ, Ren DM, Wang XN, Lou HX, Zhou B, Shen T. Trans-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:525-539. [PMID: 31760092 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease resulted from airflow obstructions, and there is a driving requirement for novel and effective preventive and therapeutic agents of COPD. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been regarded to be a promising therapeutic target for COPD. Resveratrol is a natural Nrf2 activator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, however, its application is limited by its relative low efficiency and poor bioavailability. Herein, based on the skeleton of resveratrol, trans-4,4'-dihydroxystilbene (DHS) has been firstly identified to be an Nrf2 activator, which is more potent than the well-known sulforaphane (SF) and resveratrol. Our results indicate that DHS blocks Nrf2 ubiquitylation through specifically reacting with Cys151 cysteine in Keap1 protein to activate Nrf2-regulated defensive response, and thus enhances intracellular antioxidant capability. Furthermore, DHS relieves lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response via inhibition of NF-κB. Importantly, DHS significantly ameliorates pathological alterations (e.g. infiltration of leukocytes and fibrosis), downregulates the levels of oxidant biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosin (8-oxo-dG), and inhibits the overproductions of inflammatory mediators [e.g. tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)] in a cigarette smoke (CS)-induced pulmonary impairment mice model. Taken together, this study demonstrates that DHS attenuates the CS-induced pulmonary impairments through inhibitions of oxidative stress and inflammatory response targeting Nrf2 and NF-κB in vitro and in vivo, and could be developed into a preventive agent against pulmonary impairments induced by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Dai
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Chen
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ru Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Qi Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Ren
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Stellari FF, Sala A, Ruscitti F, Buccellati C, Allen A, Risé P, Civelli M, Villetti G. CHF6001 Inhibits NF-κB Activation and Neutrophilic Recruitment in LPS-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1337. [PMID: 31798449 PMCID: PMC6863066 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) are potent anti-inflammatory agents, inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators through the elevation of intracellular cAMP concentrations. We studied the activity of a novel PDE4 inhibitor, CHF6001, both in vitro in human cells and in vivo, using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) in mice lung inflammation. Mice transiently transfected with the luciferase gene under the control of an NF-κB responsive element (NF-κB-luc) have been used to assess the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of CHF6001 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation. BLI as well as inflammatory cells and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were monitored in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) while testing in vitro its ability to affect the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), measured by LC/MS/MS, by LPS/LPS/N-formyl--methionyl--leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated human blood. CHF6001 inhibited the production of LTB4 in LPS/fMLP-activated human blood at sub-nanomolar concentrations. LPS-induced an increase of BLI signal in NF-κB-luc mice, and CHF6001 administered by dry powder inhalation decreased in parallel luciferase signal, cell airway infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in BALF. The results obtained provide in vitro and in vivo evidence of the anti-inflammatory activity of the potent PDE4 inhibitor CHF6001, showing that with a topical administration that closely mimics inhalation in humans, it efficiently disrupts the NF-κB activation associated with LPS challenge, an effect that may be relevant for the prevention of exacerbation episodes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio F Stellari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Angelo Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Drug Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IBIM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Ruscitti
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Carola Buccellati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Drug Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew Allen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Risé
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Drug Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Civelli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
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Ma J, Tian Y, Li J, Zhang L, Wu M, Zhu L, Liu S. Effect of Bufei Yishen Granules Combined with Electroacupuncture in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via the Regulation of TLR-4/NF- κB Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6708645. [PMID: 31275415 PMCID: PMC6560336 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6708645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined therapy of Bufei Yishen granules (BY) and electroacupuncture (EA) has shown good effects clinically in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study aimed to observe the effects of the BY + EA combination in a COPD rat model and dissect the potential mechanisms via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. METHODS The COPD rats were treated with normal saline, aminophylline, Bufei Yishen granules, electroacupuncture, or Bufei Yishen granules combined with electroacupuncture. The pulmonary function; lung tissue histology; levels of inflammatory factors; expression levels of TLR-4, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB), and NF-κB; and activation of NF-κB in the lung tissues were evaluated. RESULTS Pulmonary function was markedly decreased in the COPD rats, and the lung tissue histology of the COPD rats showed severe pathological changes. The pulmonary function and lung tissue morphology in the treatment groups (APL, BY, EA, and BY + EA) were improved. The increased levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 indicated a chronic inflammatory state in the COPD rats. In the BY, EA, and BY + EA groups, the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were decreased, especially in the BY + EA group. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TLR-4, IκB, and NF-κB were obviously downregulated in the BY and BY + EA groups; and the NF-κB p65 activation was significantly decreased in the BY, EA, and BY + EA groups. CONCLUSIONS Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture have curative effects in COPD rats, and the combination therapy of Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture is superior. The TLR-4/NF-κB pathway may be involved in the potential mechanisms by which Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindi Ma
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Lanxi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
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Sivandzade F, Prasad S, Bhalerao A, Cucullo L. NRF2 and NF-қB interplay in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101059. [PMID: 30576920 PMCID: PMC6302038 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in modulating cellular defense mechanisms as well as physiological functions, and intracellular signaling. However, excessive ROS generation (endogenous and exogenous) can create a state of redox imbalance leading to cellular and tissue damage (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. A growing body of research data strongly suggests that imbalanced ROS and electrophile overproduction are among the major prodromal factors in the onset and progression of several cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and aging (Ma and He, 2012; Ramsey et al., 2017; Salminen et al., 2012; Sandberg et al., 2014; Sarlette et al., 2008; Tanji et al., 2013) [1-6]. Cells offset oxidative stress by the action of housekeeping antioxidative enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) as well direct and indirect antioxidants (Dinkova-Kostova and Talalay, 2010) [7]. The DNA sequence responsible for modulating the antioxidative and cytoprotective responses of the cells has been identified as the antioxidant response element (ARE), while the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) is the major regulator of the xenobiotic-activated receptor (XAR) responsible for activating the ARE-pathway, thus defined as the NRF2-ARE system (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. In addition, the interplay between the NRF2-ARE system and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB, a protein complex that controls cytokine production and cell survival), has been further investigated in relation to neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. On these premises, we provide a review analysis of current understanding of the NRF2-NF-ĸB interplay, their specific role in major CNS disorders, and consequent therapeutic implication for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Sivandzade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Shikha Prasad
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Aditya Bhalerao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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Uysal P, Simsek G, Durmus S, Sozer V, Aksan H, Yurt S, Cuhadaroglu C, Kosar F, Gelisgen R, Uzun H. Evaluation of plasma antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and nuclear factor-kappaB levels in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:321-330. [PMID: 30774329 PMCID: PMC6354692 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s185602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial peptides are effectors of host defence against infection and inflammation and can encourage wound repair. Objectives The objectives of this study were to investigate the plasma antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) levels in patients with stable COPD compared with a control group and to highlight their importance in immune inflammation. Methods One hundred and thirty-eight stable COPD patients and 33 control subjects were enrolled in the study. The COPD patients were classified into four groups based on FEV1 (groups I-IV) and also divided into "low-risk and high-risk" groups (groups A-B [low risk], C-D [high risk]). Results Plasma LL-37 levels were significantly lower while plasma NF-κB levels of the COPD patients were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (P<0.001, both). LL-37 levels were significantly lower in group IV than in groups I, II, and III (P<0.01, all). NF-κB levels were significantly higher in groups III and IV than in groups I and II (P<0.05, both). There was a positive correlation between FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in all COPD patients (r=0.742, P<0.001) and in group D (r=0.741, P<0.001). Furthermore, there was an inverse correlation between LL-37 and NF-κB in both the groups C (r=-0.566, P<0.001) and D (r=-0.694, P<0.001) and group C+D combined (r=-0.593, P<0.001). Furthermore, in group C, LL-37 and FEV1 were positively correlated (r=0.633, P<0.001). Conclusion Our study indicated that plasma LL-37 and NF-κB may play an important role in chronic immune inflammation. Decreased LL-37 levels may be particularly high risk for patients in stage IV disease. The role of LL-37 as a target for treatment of the immune system and COPD must be widely evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Uysal
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonul Simsek
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Durmus
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,
| | - Volkan Sozer
- Department of Biochemistry, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Aksan
- Deparment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, I˙stanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Yurt
- Clinic of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, I˙stanbul, Turkey
| | - Caglar Cuhadaroglu
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kosar
- Clinic of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, I˙stanbul, Turkey
| | - Remise Gelisgen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey,
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Dong J, Liao W, Tan LH, Yong A, Peh WY, Wong WSF. Gene silencing of receptor-interacting protein 2 protects against cigarette smoke-induced acute lung injury. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:560-568. [PMID: 30394320 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive alveolar damage and generally irreversible airflow limitation. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a critical role in COPD pathogenesis. Receptor-interacting protein 2 (Rip2), a 60 kDa adaptor protein, is a positive regulator of NF-κB pathway and also an inducible transcriptional product of NF-κB activation. We sought to investigate if Rip2 gene silencing could protect against cigarette smoke (CS)-induced acute lung injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Gene silencing efficacy of Rip2 siRNA was characterized in mouse macrophage and mouse lung epithelial cell lines, and in a CS-induced acute lung injury mouse model. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell counts, levels of pro-inflammatory and oxidative damage markers, lung section inflammatory and epithelium thickness scorings, and nuclear NF-κB translocation were measured. KEY RESULTS CS was found to upregulate Rip2 level in mouse lungs. Rip2 siRNA was able to suppress Rip2 levels in both macrophage and lung epithelial cell lines and in mouse lungs, block CS extract (CSE)-induced mediator release by the cultured cells, and abate neutrophil counts in BAL fluid from CS-challenged mice. Rip2 siRNA suppressed CS-induced inflammatory and oxidative damage markers, and nuclear p65 accumulation and transcriptional activation in lung tissues. Besides, Rip2 siRNA was able to disrupt CSE-induced NF-κB activation in a NF-κB reporter gene assay. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, we report for the first time that Rip2 gene silencing ameliorated CS-induced acute lung injury probably via disruption of the NF-κB activity, postulating that Rip2 may be a novel therapeutic target for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wupeng Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lay Hong Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Amy Yong
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Wen Yan Peh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - W S Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore.
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28
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Dong J, Liao W, Peh HY, Tan WSD, Zhou S, Wong WSF. Ribosomal Protein S3 Gene Silencing Protects Against Cigarette Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Injury. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:370-380. [PMID: 30195775 PMCID: PMC6031153 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is estimated to be the third leading cause of death by 2030. Transcription factor NF-κB may play a critical role in COPD pathogenesis. Ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), a 40S ribosomal protein essential for executing protein translation, has recently been found to interact with the NF-κB p65 subunit and promote p65 DNA-binding activity. We sought to study whether RPS3 gene silencing could protect against cigarette-smoke (CS)-induced acute lung injury in a mouse model. Effects of an intratracheal RPS3 siRNA in CS-induced lung injury were determined by measuring bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell counts, levels of inflammatory and oxidative damage markers, and NF-κB translocation. Lung RPS3 level was found to be upregulated for the first time with CS exposure, and RPS3 siRNA blocked CS-induced neutrophil counts in BAL fluid. RPS3 siRNA suppressed CS-induced lung inflammatory mediator and oxidative damage marker levels, as well as nuclear p65 accumulation and transcriptional activation. RPS3 siRNA was able to disrupt CS extract (CSE)-induced NF-κB activation in an NF-κB reporter gene assay. We report for the first time that RPS3 gene silencing ameliorated CS-induced acute lung injury, probably via interruption of the NF-κB activity, postulating that RPS3 is a novel therapeutic target for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wupeng Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Yong Peh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W S Daniel Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W S Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise, Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore, Singapore.
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29
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Aggarwal T, Wadhwa R, Thapliyal N, Sharma K, Rani V, Maurya PK. Oxidative, inflammatory, genetic, and epigenetic biomarkers associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2067-2082. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taru Aggarwal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityNoida India
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityNoida India
| | | | - Kanishka Sharma
- Amity Education GroupOakdale, Long Island (Suffolk) New York
| | - Varsha Rani
- Amity Education GroupOakdale, Long Island (Suffolk) New York
| | - Pawan K. Maurya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityNoida India
- Amity Education GroupOakdale, Long Island (Suffolk) New York
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Department of PsychiatryFederal University of São PauloSão Paulo Brazil
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Butler A, Walton GM, Sapey E. Neutrophilic Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2018; 15:392-404. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2018.1476475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Butler
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgia May Walton
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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31
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Mika M, Nita I, Morf L, Qi W, Beyeler S, Bernasconi E, Marsland BJ, Ott SR, von Garnier C, Hilty M. Microbial and host immune factors as drivers of COPD. ERJ Open Res 2018; 4:00015-2018. [PMID: 29992131 PMCID: PMC6028745 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00015-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalisation of the respiratory tract microbiota in patients with different chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity degrees needs to be systematically investigated. In addition, it is unknown if the inflammatory and emphysematous milieux in patients with COPD are associated with changes in the respiratory tract microbiota and host macrophage gene expression. We performed a cross-sectional study to compare non-COPD controls (n=10) to COPD patients (n=32) with different disease severity degrees. Samples (n=187) were obtained from different sites of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Microbiota analyses were performed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and host gene expression analyses by quantitative real-time PCR of distinct markers of bronchoalveolar lavage cells. Overall, the microbial communities of severe COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grade 3/4) patients clustered significantly differently to controls and less severe COPD (GOLD 1/2) patients (permutational multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA), p=0.001). However, we could not detect significant associations between the different sampling sites in the lower airways. In addition, the chosen set of host gene expression markers significantly separated COPD GOLD 3/4 patients, and we found correlations between the composition of the microbiota and the host data. In conclusion, this study demonstrates associations between host gene expression and microbiota profiles that may influence the course of COPD. Associations of the host immune response and a disordered microbiota in patients with different COPD severity degreeshttp://ow.ly/h2mW30k9Nua
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Affiliation(s)
- Moana Mika
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern Switzerland
| | - Izabela Nita
- Pulmonary Medicine Laboratory, Dept of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Morf
- Pulmonary Medicine Laboratory, Dept of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Weihong Qi
- Functional Genomics Center, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seraina Beyeler
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern Switzerland.,Pulmonary Medicine Laboratory, Dept of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bernasconi
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian R Ott
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christophe von Garnier
- Pulmonary Medicine Laboratory, Dept of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Markus Hilty
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,These authors contributed equally
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32
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Pang M, Liu HY, Li T, Wang D, Hu XY, Zhang XR, Yu BF, Guo R, Wang HL. Recombinant club cell protein 16 (CC16) ameliorates cigarette smoke‑induced lung inflammation in a murine disease model of COPD. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2198-2206. [PMID: 29956762 PMCID: PMC6072201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Club cell protein (CC16) is expressed primarily by club cells possesses anti-inflammatory properties and is located in the bronchiolar epithelium. Previous studies have demonstrated that CC16 deficiency is associated with the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study, the therapeutic effects of recombinant rat CC16 protein in mice with COPD were examined and the underlying mechanisms investigated. A total of 30 adult male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (10 mice/group). A mouse COPD model was generated by exposing 20 mice to cigarette smoke (CS) for 24 weeks. A total of 10 mice were treated intranasally with rCC16 (2.5 µg/g body weight) and control mice were exposed to normal room air. Results indicated that rCC16 treatment ameliorated pathological damage in the lungs and reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, which were induced by CS exposure. After rCC16 administration, endogenous CC16 was upregulated and the body weight of COPD mice was increased, whereas the opposite was observed in CS-exposed mice. Additionally, rCC16 treatment inhibited the DNA binding of NF-κB/p65 in lung tissues and reduced nuclear translocation of NF-κB/p65 in BALF and epithelial cells. Moreover, rCC16 treatment lead to a decrease in the total number of BALF cells, including macrophages, which was elevated in COPD mice. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate that rCC16 has therapeutic effects on COPD by downregulating pro-inflammatory factors via the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ri Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Feng Yu
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- School of Basic Medicine; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Marwick JA, Mills R, Kay O, Michail K, Stephen J, Rossi AG, Dransfield I, Hirani N. Neutrophils induce macrophage anti-inflammatory reprogramming by suppressing NF-κB activation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:665. [PMID: 29867198 PMCID: PMC5986789 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells modulate the function of macrophages to control and resolve inflammation. Here, we show that neutrophils induce a rapid and sustained suppression of NF-κB signalling in the macrophage through a unique regulatory relationship which is independent of apoptosis. The reduction of macrophage NF-κB activation occurs through a blockade in transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and IKKβ activation. As a consequence, NF-κB (p65) phosphorylation is reduced, its translocation to the nucleus is inhibited and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cytokine transcription is suppressed. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis reveals that this suppression of NF-κB activation is not restricted to post-translational modifications of the canonical NF-κB pathway, but is also imprinted at the transcriptional level. Thus neutrophils exert a sustained anti-inflammatory phenotypic reprogramming of the macrophage, which is reflected by the sustained reduction in the release of pro- but not anti- inflammatory cytokines from the macrophage. Together, our findings identify a novel apoptosis-independent mechanism by which neutrophils regulate the mediator profile and reprogramming of monocytes/macrophages, representing an important nodal point for inflammatory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Marwick
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Ross Mills
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Oliver Kay
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kyriakos Michail
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jillian Stephen
- Advanced Therapeutics, Cellular Therapies, Jack Copeland Centre, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian Dransfield
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Nikhil Hirani
- The MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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Duran AFA, Neves LDP, da Silva FRS, Machado GC, Ferreira GC, Lourenço JD, Tanaka AS, Martins MDA, Lopes FDTQS, Sasaki SD. rBmTI-6 attenuates pathophysiological and inflammatory parameters of induced emphysema in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:1214-1221. [PMID: 29339284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Protease/anti-protease imbalance is the main pathogenic mechanism of emphysema and protease inhibitors have been recognized as potential molecules to treat the disease conditions. In this work the rBmTI-6 first domain (rBmTI-6-D1), a recombinant Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor, was used to verify its effect in prevention or minimization of PPE-induced emphysema in mice. C57BL/6 mice were submitted to a PPE-induced emphysema model and treated with rBmTI-6-D1 before the emphysema development. We showed that the rBmTI-6-D1 treatment was sufficient to avoid the loss of elastic recoil, an effective decrease in alveolar enlargement and in the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Proteolytic analysis showed a significant increase in elastase activity in PPE-VE (induced emphysema) group that is controlled by rBmTI-6-D1. Kallikrein activity was decreased in the PPE-rBmTI6 (induced emphysema and inhibitor treated) group when compared to PPE-VE group. Although rBmTI-6-D1, did not present a neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitory activity, the results show that the inhibitor interfered in the pathway of NE secretion in PPE-emphysema mice model. The role of rBmTI-6-D1 in the prevention of emphysema development in the mice model, apparently, is related with a control of inflammatory response due the trypsin/kallikrein inhibitory activity of rBmTI-6-D1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana de Paiva Neves
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Daishi Sasaki
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, UFABC, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hashemian SM, Mortaz E, Jamaati H, Bagheri L, Mohajerani SA, Garssen J, Movassaghi M, Barnes PJ, Hill NS, Adcock IM. Budesonide facilitates weaning from mechanical ventilation in difficult-to-wean very severe COPD patients: Association with inflammatory mediators and cells. J Crit Care 2017; 44:161-167. [PMID: 29127842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mechanical ventilatory support is life-saving therapy for patients with respiratory failure in intensive care units (ICU) but is linked to ventilator-associated pneumonia and other nosocomial infections. Interventions that improve the efficiency of weaning from mechanical ventilation may improve patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine whether inhaled budesonide decreases time-to-weaning in COPD stage 4 difficult-to-wean patients and reduces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in ICU patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 55 difficult-to-wean COPD patients (Stage 4) within the ICU of the Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive inhaled budesonide (0.5mg/day) or placebo (normal saline). Dynamic compliance and BAL cytokines were measured. RESULTS Budesonide significantly reduced the number of days on MV (days-to-weaning=4.6±1.6days) compared to that seen in the control group (7.2±2.7days, p=0.014). Dynamic compliance was significantly improved in the budesonide group on days 3 (p=0.018) and 5 (p=0.011) The levels of CXCL-8 and IL-6 diminished on days 3-5 after start of budesonide (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In COPD patients on MV, nebulized budesonide was associated with reduced BAL CXCL8 and IL-6 levels and neutrophil numbers as well as an improvement in ventilatory mechanics and facilitated weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Division of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Jamaati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Bagheri
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Mohajerani
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Nutricia Research Centre for Specialized Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Masoud Movassaghi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Hill
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Colarusso C, Terlizzi M, Molino A, Pinto A, Sorrentino R. Role of the inflammasome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Oncotarget 2017; 8:81813-81824. [PMID: 29137224 PMCID: PMC5669850 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is central to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a pulmonary disorder characterized by chronic bronchitis, chronic airway obstruction, emphysema, associated to progressive and irreversible decline of lung function. Emerging genetic and pharmacological evidence suggests that IL-1-like cytokines are highly detected in the sputum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) of COPD patients, implying the involvement of the multiprotein complex inflammasome. So far, scientific evidence has focused on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a specialized inflammatory signaling platform that governs the maturation and secretion of IL-1-like cytokines through the regulation of caspase-1-dependent proteolytic processing. Some studies revealed that it is involved during airway inflammation typical of COPD. Based on the influence of cigarette smoke in various respiratory diseases, including COPD, in this view we report its effects in inflammatory and immune responses in COPD mouse models and in human subjects affected by COPD. In sharp contrast to what reported on experimental and clinical studies, randomized clinical trials show that indirect inflammasome inhibitors did not have any beneficial effect in moderate to severe COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Colarusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma s.r.l., Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Michela Terlizzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma s.r.l., Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Division, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma s.r.l., Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Sorrentino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma s.r.l., Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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37
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma and COPD. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1541-1558. [PMID: 28659395 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) both cause airway obstruction and are associated with chronic inflammation of the airways. However, the nature and sites of the inflammation differ between these diseases, resulting in different pathology, clinical manifestations and response to therapy. In this review, the inflammatory and cellular mechanisms of asthma and COPD are compared and the differences in inflammatory cells and profile of inflammatory mediators are highlighted. These differences account for the differences in clinical manifestations of asthma and COPD and their response to therapy. Although asthma and COPD are usually distinct, there are some patients who show an overlap of features, which may be explained by the coincidence of two common diseases or distinct phenotypes of each disease. It is important to better understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma and COPD in order to develop new treatments in areas of unmet need, such as severe asthma, curative therapy for asthma and effective anti-inflammatory treatments for COPD.
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Spadaro S, Kozhevnikova I, Casolari P, Ruggeri P, Bellini T, Ragazzi R, Barbieri F, Marangoni E, Caramori G, Volta CA. Lower airways inflammation in patients with ARDS measured using endotracheal aspirates: a pilot study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2017; 4:e000222. [PMID: 29071081 PMCID: PMC5647481 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Our knowledge of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathogenesis is incomplete. The goal of this pilot study is to investigate the feasibility of measuring lower airways inflammation in patients with ARDS using repeated endotracheal aspirates (ETAs). Methods ETAs were obtained within 24 hours by intensive care unit admission from 25 mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS and 10 of them underwent a second ETA within 96 hours after the first sampling. In each sample, cell viability was assessed using trypan blue exclusion method and the total and differential cell counts were measured using Neubauer-improved cell counting chamber and cytospins stained with Diff-Quik. Results The median cell viability was 89 (IQR 80–93)%, with a median total cell count of 305 (IQR 130–1270)×103/mL and a median macrophage, neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil count, respectively, of 19.8 (IQR 5.4–71.6)×103/mL; 279 (IQR 109–1213)×103/mL; 0 (IQR 0–0.188)×103/mL; 0 (IQR 0–1.050)×103/mL. Eosinophil count in the ETA correlated with the number of blood eosinophils (r=0.4840, p=0.0142). Cell viability and total and differential cell counts were neither significantly different in the second ETA compared with the first ETA nor were unaffected by the presence or absence of bacteria in the blood and/or ETA, or by the ARDS aetiology, apart from the macrophage count which was significantly increased in patients with ARDS associated with acute pancreatitis compared with those associated with pneumonia (p=0.0143). Conclusions ETA can be used to investigate the cellularity of the lower airways in patients with ARDS and it is an easy-to-perform and non-invasive procedure. Eosinophil counts in ETA and blood are significantly correlated. The number of macrophages in ETA may be affected by the aetiology of the ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savino Spadaro
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Iryna Kozhevnikova
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-Correlate (CEMICEF), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bellini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ragazzi
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Volta
- Unità Operativa di Anestesia e Rianimazione Universitaria dell'Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Anna di Ferrara, Dipartimento di Morfologia, Chirurgia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Monaco TJ, Hanania NA. Emerging inhaled long-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists for the treatment of COPD. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2017; 22:285-299. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2017.1367382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Monaco
- Baylor College of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicola A. Hanania
- Baylor College of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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40
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Peh HY, Tan WSD, Chan TK, Pow CW, Foster PS, Wong WSF. Vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol protects against emphysema in cigarette smoke-induced COPD. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:332-344. [PMID: 28684161 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to emphysema in COPD. Although corticosteroids are the standard of care for COPD, they do not reduce oxidative stress, and a subset of patients is steroid-resistant. Vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol possesses both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties that may protect against emphysema. We aimed to establish the therapeutic potential of γ-tocotrienol in cigarette smoke-induced COPD models in comparison with prednisolone. BALB/c mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 weeks or 2 months. γ-Tocotrienol and prednisolone were given orally. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissues were assessed for inflammation, oxidative damage, and regulation of transcription factor activities. Emphysema and lung function were also evaluated. γ-Tocotrienol dose-dependently reduced cigarette smoke-induced BAL fluid neutrophil counts and levels of cytokines, chemokines and oxidative damage biomarkers, and pulmonary pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant gene expression, but restored lung endogenous antioxidant activities. γ-Tocotrienol acted by inhibiting nuclear translocation of STAT3 and NF-κB, and up-regulating Nrf2 activation in the lungs. In mice exposed to 2-month cigarette smoke, γ-tocotrienol ameliorated bronchial epithelium thickening and destruction of alveolar sacs in lungs, and improved lung functions. In comparison with prednisolone, γ-tocotrienol demonstrated better anti-oxidative efficacy, and protection against emphysema and lung function in COPD. We revealed for the first time the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacies of γ-tocotrienol in cigarette smoke-induced COPD models. In addition, γ-tocotrienol was able to attenuate emphysematous lesions and improve lung function in COPD. γ-Tocotrienol may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yong Peh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - W S Daniel Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Khee Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chen Wei Pow
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Paul S Foster
- The Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W S Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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41
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Eapen MS, Myers S, Walters EH, Sohal SS. Airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a true paradox. Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 11:827-839. [PMID: 28743228 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2017.1360769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily an airway condition, which mainly affects cigarette smokers and presents with shortness of breath that is progressive and poorly reversible. In COPD research, there has been a long held belief that airway disease progression is due to inflammation. Although this may be true in the airway lumen with innate immunity activated by the effect of smoke or secondary to infection, the accurate picture of inflammatory cells in the airway wall, where the pathophysiological COPD remodeling occurs, is uncertain and debatable. Areas covered: The current review provides a comprehensive literature survey of the changes in the main inflammatory cells in human COPD patients and focuses on contrarian views that affect the prevailing dogma on inflammation. The review also delves into the role of oxidative stress and inflammasomes in modulating the immune response in COPD. Further, the effects of inflammation in affecting the epithelium, fibroblasts, and airway remodeling are discussed. Expert commentary: Inflammation as a driving force for airway wall damage and remodelling in early COPD is at the very least 'oversimplified' and is likely to be misleading. This has serious implications for rational thinking about the illness, including pathogenesis and designing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Suji Eapen
- a Breathe Well Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
| | - Stephen Myers
- b School of Health Sciences , University of Tasmania , Launceston , Australia
| | - Eugene Haydn Walters
- a Breathe Well Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- a Breathe Well Centre of Research Excellence for Chronic Respiratory Disease and Lung Ageing, School of Medicine , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Australia.,b School of Health Sciences , University of Tasmania , Launceston , Australia
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42
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Boueiz A, Lutz SM, Cho MH, Hersh CP, Bowler RP, Washko GR, Halper-Stromberg E, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Laird NM, Beaty TH, Coxson HO, Crapo JD, Silverman EK, Castaldi PJ, DeMeo DL. Genome-Wide Association Study of the Genetic Determinants of Emphysema Distribution. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:757-771. [PMID: 27669027 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201605-0997oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Emphysema has considerable variability in the severity and distribution of parenchymal destruction throughout the lungs. Upper lobe-predominant emphysema has emerged as an important predictor of response to lung volume reduction surgery. Yet, aside from alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, the genetic determinants of emphysema distribution remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVES To identify the genetic influences of emphysema distribution in non-alpha-1 antitrypsin-deficient smokers. METHODS A total of 11,532 subjects with complete genotype and computed tomography densitometry data in the COPDGene (Genetic Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [COPD]; non-Hispanic white and African American), ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints), and GenKOLS (Genetics of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) studies were analyzed. Two computed tomography scan emphysema distribution measures (difference between upper-third and lower-third emphysema; ratio of upper-third to lower-third emphysema) were tested for genetic associations in all study subjects. Separate analyses in each study population were followed by a fixed effect metaanalysis. Single-nucleotide polymorphism-, gene-, and pathway-based approaches were used. In silico functional evaluation was also performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified five loci associated with emphysema distribution at genome-wide significance. These loci included two previously reported associations with COPD susceptibility (4q31 near HHIP and 15q25 near CHRNA5) and three new associations near SOWAHB, TRAPPC9, and KIAA1462. Gene set analysis and in silico functional evaluation revealed pathways and cell types that may potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema distribution. CONCLUSIONS This multicohort genome-wide association study identified new genomic loci associated with differential emphysematous destruction throughout the lungs. These findings may point to new biologic pathways on which to expand diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00608764).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Boueiz
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sharon M Lutz
- 3 Department of Biostatistics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael H Cho
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Craig P Hersh
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Russell P Bowler
- 4 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - George R Washko
- 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Eitan Halper-Stromberg
- 4 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Per Bakke
- 5 Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- 5 Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nan M Laird
- 6 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Terri H Beaty
- 7 Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Harvey O Coxson
- 8 Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James D Crapo
- 4 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Peter J Castaldi
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,9 Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- 1 Channing Division of Network Medicine.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, and
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Barnes PJ. Kinases as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 68:788-815. [PMID: 27363440 DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.012518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple kinases play a critical role in orchestrating the chronic inflammation and structural changes in the respiratory tract of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Kinases activate signaling pathways that lead to contraction of airway smooth muscle and release of inflammatory mediators (such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors) as well as cell migration, activation, and proliferation. For this reason there has been great interest in the development of kinase inhibitors as anti-inflammatory therapies, particular where corticosteroids are less effective, as in severe asthma and COPD. However, it has proven difficult to develop selective kinase inhibitors that are both effective and safe after oral administration and this has led to a search for inhaled kinase inhibitors, which would reduce systemic exposure. Although many kinases have been implicated in inflammation and remodeling of airway disease, very few classes of drug have reached the stage of clinical studies in these diseases. The most promising drugs are p38 MAP kinases, isoenzyme-selective PI3-kinases, Janus-activated kinases, and Syk-kinases, and inhaled formulations of these drugs are now in development. There has also been interest in developing inhibitors that block more than one kinase, because these drugs may be more effective and with less risk of losing efficacy with time. No kinase inhibitors are yet on the market for the treatment of airway diseases, but as kinase inhibitors are improved from other therapeutic areas there is hope that these drugs may eventually prove useful in treating refractory asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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44
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COPD and stroke: are systemic inflammation and oxidative stress the missing links? Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1039-50. [PMID: 27215677 PMCID: PMC4876483 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive airflow limitation and loss of lung function, and is currently the third largest cause of death in the world. It is now well established that cardiovascular-related comorbidities such as stroke contribute to morbidity and mortality in COPD. The mechanisms linking COPD and stroke remain to be fully defined but are likely to be interconnected. The association between COPD and stroke may be largely dependent on shared risk factors such as aging and smoking, or the association of COPD with traditional stroke risk factors. In addition, we propose that COPD-related systemic inflammation and oxidative stress may play important roles by promoting cerebral vascular dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity. In this review, we briefly discuss the pathogenesis of COPD, acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) and cardiovascular comorbidities associated with COPD, in particular stroke. We also highlight and discuss the potential mechanisms underpinning the link between COPD and stroke, with a particular focus on the roles of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.
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45
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HDAC1-3 inhibitor MS-275 enhances IL10 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages and reduces cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45047. [PMID: 28344354 PMCID: PMC5366870 DOI: 10.1038/srep45047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitutes a major health burden. Studying underlying molecular mechanisms could lead to new therapeutic targets. Macrophages are orchestrators of COPD, by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This process relies on transcription factors such as NF-κB, among others. NF-κB is regulated by lysine acetylation; a post-translational modification installed by histone acetyltransferases and removed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). We hypothesized that small molecule HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) targeting class I HDACs members that can regulate NF-κB could attenuate inflammatory responses in COPD via modulation of the NF-κB signaling output. MS-275 is an isoform-selective inhibitor of HDAC1-3. In precision-cut lung slices and RAW264.7 macrophages, MS-275 upregulated the expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, implying mixed effects. Interestingly, anti-inflammatory IL10 expression was upregulated in these model systems. In the macrophages, this was associated with increased NF-κB activity, acetylation, nuclear translocation, and binding to the IL10 promoter. Importantly, in an in vivo model of cigarette smoke-exposed C57Bl/6 mice, MS-275 robustly attenuated inflammatory expression of KC and neutrophil influx in the lungs. This study highlights for the first time the potential of isoform-selective HDACi for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases like COPD.
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46
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Wang J, Fu Y, Wei Z, He X, Shi M, Kou J, Zhou E, Liu W, Yang Z, Guo C. Anti-asthmatic activity of osthole in an ovalbumin-induced asthma murine model. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017; 239:64-69. [PMID: 28143779 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Osthole, an active coumarin extracted from the dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, is known to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we investigated and illuminated the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of osthole in an experimental model of allergic asthma. Our results show that osthole treatment significantly reduced the OVA-induced increase in serum IgE and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and decreased the recruitment of inflammatory cells in BALF and the lung. It also effectively attenuated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus overproduction in lung tissue. In addition, western blot analysis demonstrated that osthole blocked NF-κB activation, which may be associated with a reduction in inflammatory cytokine production. These data suggest that osthole attenuated OVA-induced allergic asthma inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB activation. The present study identified the molecular mechanisms of action of osthole, which support the potential pharmaceutical application of osthole treatment for asthma and other airway inflammation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuexiu He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Kou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Changming Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Choudhury G, MacNee W. Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Pathology of Ageing in COPD: Potential Therapeutic Interventions. COPD 2016; 14:122-135. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2016.1214948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gourab Choudhury
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 little France Crescent Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - William MacNee
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 little France Crescent Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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48
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Poletti D, Iannini V, Casolari P, Contoli M, Papi A, Kirkham P, Hansel TT, Chung KF, Barnes PJ, Pastore A, Pelucchi S, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Nasal inflammation and its response to local glucocorticoid regular treatment in patients with persistent non-allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2016; 13:26. [PMID: 27493587 PMCID: PMC4973027 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-016-0134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) is still largely unknown. Furthermore, it is unclear whether there is a correlation between the effect of nasal glucocorticoids on nasal inflammation and on nasal symptoms and quality of life. METHODS In this pilot study we recruited 12 healthy subjects and 24 patients with recently diagnosed persistent NAR [12 untreated and 12 under regular treatment with nasal fluticasone furoate (two sprays of 27.5 μg each in each nostril once daily, total daily dose = 110 μg) for at least 20 days]. Each subject filled a mini rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (mini RQLQ). Nasal scrapings were obtained from each subject and used to prepare slides for Diff-Quik and immunocytochemical staining for inflammatory and epithelial cells count, MUC5AC expression and the general pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) activation. RESULTS The nasal score of the mini RQLQ, the number of nasal inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils) and the number of goblet cells are significantly higher in untreated patients with persistent NAR compared with control subjects and treated NAR patients. The percentage of MUC5AC+ nasal epithelial cells is significantly increased in untreated patients with persistent NAR compared with the control subjects (41.8 ± 6.4 vs 22.3 ± 4.8, respectively; p = 0.0403) without significant differences between control subjects and patients with persistent NAR on regular fluticasone furoate treatment (33.9 ± 5.0 %; p = 0.0604) nor between the 2 groups of persistent NAR subjects (p = 0.3260). The number of cytosolic and/or nuclear p65+ nasal epithelial and inflammatory cells was not significantly different between the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients with persistent untreated NAR, compared with normal control subjects and patients with persistent NAR under regular treatment with nasal fluticasone furoate by at least 20 days, have more nasal symptoms, worst quality of life and an increased number of nasal inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils), goblet cells and MUC5AC+ nasal epithelial cells. This nasal inflammation seems unrelated to NF-kB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Poletti
- ORL, Azienda USL Ferrara, Italy, Sezione di Scienze Otorinolaringoiatriche e Fisica Medica, Departimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Iannini
- Sezione di Scienze Otorinolaringoiatriche e Fisica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-correlate (CEMICEF), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-correlate (CEMICEF), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-correlate (CEMICEF), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paul Kirkham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Trevor T Hansel
- Centre for Respiratory Infection, National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College, St. Mary's Hospital, Mint Wing, Entrance C, Paddington, London, W2 1NY UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio Pastore
- Sezione di Scienze Otorinolaringoiatriche e Fisica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Pelucchi
- Sezione di Scienze Otorinolaringoiatriche e Fisica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-correlate (CEMICEF), Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Barnes PJ. Inflammatory mechanisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:16-27. [PMID: 27373322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 842] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with chronic inflammation affecting predominantly the lung parenchyma and peripheral airways that results in largely irreversible and progressive airflow limitation. This inflammation is characterized by increased numbers of alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, T lymphocytes (predominantly TC1, TH1, and TH17 cells), and innate lymphoid cells recruited from the circulation. These cells and structural cells, including epithelial and endothelial cells and fibroblasts, secrete a variety of proinflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and lipid mediators. Although most patients with COPD have a predominantly neutrophilic inflammation, some have an increase in eosinophil counts, which might be orchestrated by TH2 cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells though release of IL-33 from epithelial cells. These patients might be more responsive to corticosteroids and bronchodilators. Oxidative stress plays a key role in driving COPD-related inflammation, even in ex-smokers, and might result in activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), impaired antiprotease defenses, DNA damage, cellular senescence, autoantibody generation, and corticosteroid resistance though inactivation of histone deacetylase 2. Systemic inflammation is also found in patients with COPD and can worsen comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Accelerated aging in the lungs of patients with COPD can also generate inflammatory protein release from senescent cells in the lung. In the future, it will be important to recognize phenotypes of patients with optimal responses to more specific therapies, and development of biomarkers that identify the therapeutic phenotypes will be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
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50
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Gasiuniene E, Lavinskiene S, Sakalauskas R, Sitkauskiene B. Levels of IL-32 in Serum, Induced Sputum Supernatant, and Bronchial Lavage Fluid of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2016; 13:569-75. [DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2016.1145201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edita Gasiuniene
- Department of Pulmonology and Immunology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Simona Lavinskiene
- Department of Pulmonology and Immunology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Raimundas Sakalauskas
- Department of Pulmonology and Immunology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Brigita Sitkauskiene
- Department of Pulmonology and Immunology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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