1
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Kong D, Jing Y, Duan Y, He M, Ding H, Li H, Zhong Z, Zheng Z, Fan X, Pan X, Li Y, Bai M, Li X, Luo M, Xue W, Zhang X, Xu X, Yuan Y, Zou T, Chen L, Ding W, Zhao Y, Wang B, Wu H, Liu Q, Wang H. ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 act together to promote stigmatic papilla formation in maize through regulating auxin signaling and ZmWOX3A expression. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1870-1886. [PMID: 39010694 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Maize silk is a specialized type of stigma, covered with numerous papillae for pollen grain capture. However, the developmental process of stigmatic papillae and the underlying regulatory mechanisms have remained largely unknown. Here, we combined the cytological, genetic and molecular studies to demonstrate that three homologous genes ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 play a central role in promoting stigmatic papilla formation in maize. We show that their triple knockout mutants are nearly complete lack of stigmatic papilla, resulting in a severe reduction in kernel setting. Cellular examination reveals that stigmatic papilla is developed from a precursor cell, which is the smaller daughter cell resulting from asymmetric cell division of a silk epidermal cell. In situ hybridization shows that ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and their target genes SPI1, ZmPIN1b, ZmARF28 and ZmWOX3A are preferentially expressed in the precursor cells of stigmatic papillae. Moreover, ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 directly bind to the promoters of SPI1, ZmPIN1b, ZmARF28 and ZmWOX3A and promote their expression. Further, Zmwox3a knockout mutants display severe defects in stigmatic papilla formation and reduced seed setting. Collectively, our results demonstrate that ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 act together to promote stigmatic papilla development through regulating auxin signaling and ZmWOX3A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yifeng Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaping Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mengqi He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Heying Li
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Zhuojun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiuying Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanqun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mei Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Minhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weicong Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yateng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongping Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Baobao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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2
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Liu B, Li M, Qiu J, Xue J, Liu W, Cheng Q, Zhao H, Xue Y, Nasrallah ME, Nasrallah JB, Liu P. A pollen selection system links self and interspecific incompatibility in the Brassicaceae. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:1129-1139. [PMID: 38637692 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility and recurrent transitions to self-compatibility have shaped the extant mating systems underlying the nonrandom mating critical for speciation in angiosperms. Linkage between self-incompatibility and speciation is illustrated by the shared pollen rejection pathway between self-incompatibility and interspecific unilateral incompatibility (UI) in the Brassicaceae. However, the pollen discrimination system that activates this shared pathway for heterospecific pollen rejection remains unknown. Here we show that Stigma UI3.1, the genetically identified stigma determinant of UI in Arabidopsis lyrata × Arabidopsis arenosa crosses, encodes the S-locus-related glycoprotein 1 (SLR1). Heterologous expression of A. lyrata or Capsella grandiflora SLR1 confers on some Arabidopsis thaliana accessions the ability to discriminate against heterospecific pollen. Acquisition of this ability also requires a functional S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), whose ligand-induced dimerization activates the self-pollen rejection pathway in the stigma. SLR1 interacts with SRK and interferes with SRK homomer formation. We propose a pollen discrimination system based on competition between basal or ligand-induced SLR1-SRK and SRK-SRK complex formation. The resulting SRK homomer levels would be sensed by the common pollen rejection pathway, allowing discrimination among conspecific self- and cross-pollen as well as heterospecific pollen. Our results establish a mechanistic link at the pollen recognition phase between self-incompatibility and interspecific incompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hainan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongbiao Xue
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mikhail E Nasrallah
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - June B Nasrallah
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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3
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Matallana-Puerto CA, Duarte MO, Aguilar Fachin D, Poloni Guilherme C, Oliveira PE, Cardoso JCF. First evidence of late-acting self-incompatibility in the Aristolochiaceae. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:612-620. [PMID: 38634401 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Most Aristolochiaceae species studied so far are from temperate regions, bearing self-compatible protogynous trap flowers. Although self-incompatibility has been suggested for tropical species, the causes of self-sterility in this family remain unknown. To fill this gap, we studied the pollination of the tropical Aristolochia esperanzae, including the physical and physiological anti-selfing mechanisms. Floral visitors trapped inside flowers were collected to determine the pollinators. Protogyny was characterized by observing the temporal expression of sexual phases and stigmatic receptivity tests. The breeding system was investigated using hand-pollination treatments. Pollen tube growth was observed using epifluorescence to identify the self-incompatibility mechanism. Flies were the most frequent visitors found inside A. esperanzae trap flowers, with individuals from the family Ulidiidae being potential pollinators since they carried pollen. The characteristic flower odour and presence of larvae indicate that A. esperanzae deceives flies through oviposition-site mimicry. Although this species showed incomplete protogyny, stigmatic receptivity decreased during the male phase, avoiding self-pollination. Fruits developed only after cross- and open pollination, indicating that the population is non-autonomous, non-apomictic, and self-sterile. This occurred through a delay in the growth of geitonogamous pollen tubes to the ovary and lower ovule penetration, indicating a late-acting self-incompatibility mechanism. Our findings expand the number of families in which late-acting self-incompatibility has been reported, demonstrating that it is more widespread than previously thought, especially when considering less-studied tropical species among the basal angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Matallana-Puerto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M O Duarte
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D Aguilar Fachin
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - C Poloni Guilherme
- Laboratório de Evolução e Morfologia de Diptera, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P E Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J C F Cardoso
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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4
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Feller AF, Burgin G, Lewis N, Prabhu R, Hopkins R. Mismatch between pollen and pistil size causes asymmetric mechanical reproductive isolation across Phlox species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593106. [PMID: 38766021 PMCID: PMC11100701 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In flowering plants, pollen-pistil interactions can serve as an important barrier to reproduction between species. As the last barrier to reproduction before fertilization, interactions between these reproductive organs are both complex and important for determining a suitable mate. Here, we test whether differences in style length generate a post-mating prezygotic mechanical barrier between five species of perennial Phlox wildflowers with geographically overlapping distributions. We perform controlled pairwise reciprocal crosses between three species with long styles and two species with short styles to assess crossing success (seed set). We find that heterospecific seed set is broadly reduced compared to conspecific cross success and reveal a striking asymmetry in heterospecific crosses between species with different style lengths. To determine the mechanism underlying this asymmetric reproductive isolating barrier we assess pollen tube growth in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that pollen tubes of short-styled species do not grow long enough to reach the ovaries of long-styled species. We find that short-styled species also have smaller pollen and that both within and between species pollen diameter is highly correlated with pollen tube length. Our results support the hypothesis that the small pollen of short-styled species lacks resources to grow pollen tubes long enough to access the ovaries of the long-styled species, resulting in an asymmetrical, mechanical barrier to reproduction. Such mechanisms, combined with additional pollen-pistil incompatibilities, may be particularly important for closely related species in geographic proximity that share pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F. Feller
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology & Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Grace Burgin
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology & Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nia Lewis
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology & Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Rohan Prabhu
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology & Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robin Hopkins
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology & Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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5
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Castric V, Batista RA, Carré A, Mousavi S, Mazoyer C, Godé C, Gallina S, Ponitzki C, Theron A, Bellec A, Marande W, Santoni S, Mariotti R, Rubini A, Legrand S, Billiard S, Vekemans X, Vernet P, Saumitou-Laprade P. The homomorphic self-incompatibility system in Oleaceae is controlled by a hemizygous genomic region expressing a gibberellin pathway gene. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1967-1976.e6. [PMID: 38626763 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
In flowering plants, outcrossing is commonly ensured by self-incompatibility (SI) systems. These can be homomorphic (typically with many different allelic specificities) or can accompany flower heteromorphism (mostly with just two specificities and corresponding floral types). The SI system of the Oleaceae family is unusual, with the long-term maintenance of only two specificities but often without flower morphology differences. To elucidate the genomic architecture and molecular basis of this SI system, we obtained chromosome-scale genome assemblies of Phillyrea angustifolia individuals and related them to a genetic map. The S-locus region proved to have a segregating 543-kb indel unique to one specificity, suggesting a hemizygous region, as observed in all distylous systems so far studied at the genomic level. Only one of the predicted genes in this indel region is found in the olive tree, Olea europaea, genome, also within a segregating indel. We describe complete association between the presence/absence of this gene and the SI types determined for individuals of seven distantly related Oleaceae species. This gene is predicted to be involved in catabolism of the gibberellic acid (GA) hormone, and experimental manipulation of GA levels in developing buds modified the male and female SI responses of the two specificities in different ways. Our results provide a unique example of a homomorphic SI system, where a single conserved gibberellin-related gene in a hemizygous indel underlies the long-term maintenance of two groups of reproductive compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Castric
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rita A Batista
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Amélie Carré
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Clément Mazoyer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Cécile Godé
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Gallina
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Chloé Ponitzki
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anthony Theron
- INRAE, CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Arnaud Bellec
- INRAE, CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - William Marande
- INRAE, CNRGV French Plant Genomic Resource Center, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Sylvain Santoni
- UMR DIAPC Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Roberto Mariotti
- CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rubini
- CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sylvain Legrand
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sylvain Billiard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Xavier Vekemans
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Vernet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
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6
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Hu J, Liu C, Du Z, Guo F, Song D, Wang N, Wei Z, Jiang J, Cao Z, Shi C, Zhang S, Zhu C, Chen P, Larkin RM, Lin Z, Xu Q, Ye J, Deng X, Bosch M, Franklin‐Tong VE, Chai L. Transposable elements cause the loss of self-incompatibility in citrus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1113-1131. [PMID: 38038155 PMCID: PMC11022811 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a widespread prezygotic mechanism for flowering plants to avoid inbreeding depression and promote genetic diversity. Citrus has an S-RNase-based SI system, which was frequently lost during evolution. We previously identified a single nucleotide mutation in Sm-RNase, which is responsible for the loss of SI in mandarin and its hybrids. However, little is known about other mechanisms responsible for conversion of SI to self-compatibility (SC) and we identify a completely different mechanism widely utilized by citrus. Here, we found a 786-bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) insertion in the promoter region of the FhiS2-RNase in Fortunella hindsii Swingle (a model plant for citrus gene function), which does not contain the Sm-RNase allele but are still SC. We demonstrate that this MITE plays a pivotal role in the loss of SI in citrus, providing evidence that this MITE insertion prevents expression of the S-RNase; moreover, transgenic experiments show that deletion of this 786-bp MITE insertion recovers the expression of FhiS2-RNase and restores SI. This study identifies the first evidence for a role for MITEs at the S-locus affecting the SI phenotype. A family-wide survey of the S-locus revealed that MITE insertions occur frequently adjacent to S-RNase alleles in different citrus genera, but only certain MITEs appear to be responsible for the loss of SI. Our study provides evidence that insertion of MITEs into a promoter region can alter a breeding strategy and suggests that this phenomenon may be broadly responsible for SC in species with the S-RNase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zezhen Du
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Furong Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Dan Song
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zhuangmin Wei
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research InstituteNanningP. R. China
| | - Jingdong Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zonghong Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chunmei Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chenqiao Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Horticultural Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | | | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
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7
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Lee HK, Canales Sanchez LE, Bordeleau SJ, Goring DR. Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat malectin receptor-like kinases regulate pollen-stigma interactions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:343-355. [PMID: 38270530 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Flowering plants contain tightly controlled pollen-pistil interactions required for promoting intraspecific fertilization and preventing interspecific hybridizations. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), several receptor kinases (RKs) are known to regulate the later stages of intraspecific pollen tube growth and ovular reception in the pistil, but less is known about RK regulation of the earlier stages. The Arabidopsis RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE IN FLOWERS1 (RKF1)/RKF1-LIKE (RKFL) 1-3 cluster of 4 leucine-rich repeat malectin (LRR-MAL) RKs was previously found to function in the stigma to promote intraspecific pollen hydration. In this study, we tested additional combinations of up to 7 Arabidopsis LRR-MAL RK knockout mutants, including RKF1, RKFL1-3, LysM RLK1-INTERACTING KINASE1, REMORIN-INTERACTING RECEPTOR1, and NEMATODE-INDUCED LRR-RLK2. These LRR-MAL RKs were discovered to function in the female stigma to support intraspecific Arabidopsis pollen tube growth and to establish a prezygotic interspecific barrier against Capsella rubella pollen. Thus, this study uncovered additional biological functions for this poorly understood group of RKs in regulating the early stages of Arabidopsis sexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyung Lee
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | | | - Stephen J Bordeleau
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Daphne R Goring
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
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8
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Zhong S, Zhao P, Peng X, Li HJ, Duan Q, Cheung AY. From gametes to zygote: Mechanistic advances and emerging possibilities in plant reproduction. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:4-35. [PMID: 38431529 PMCID: PMC11060694 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiongbo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong-Ju Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Molecular Agrobiology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiaohong Duan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Alice Y Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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9
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Arya H, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Overexpression of GmPIF4b affects morpho-physiological traits to reduce heat-induced grain loss in soybean. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108233. [PMID: 38134737 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat waves associated with climate change seriously threaten crop productivity. Crop seed yield depends on the success of reproduction. However, reproductive development is most vulnerable to heat stress conditions. Perception of heat and its conversion into cellular signals is a complex process. The basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor, Phytochrome Interacting Factor 4 (PIF4), plays a significant role in this process. However, studies on PIF4- mediated impacts on crop grain yield at a higher temperature are lacking. We investigated the overexpression of GmPIF4b in soybean to alleviate heat-induced damage and yield using a transgenic approach. Our results showed that under high-temperature conditions (38°C/28°C), overexpressing soybeans plants had higher chlorophyll a and b, and lower proline accumulation compared to WT. Further, overexpression of GmPIF4b improved pollen viability under heat stress and reduced heat-induced structural abnormalities in the male and female reproductive organs. Consequently, the transgenic plants produced higher pods and seeds per plant at high temperatures. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the overexpressing GmPIF4b soybeans had higher transcripts of heat shock factor, GmHSF-34, and heat-shock protein, GmHSP90A2. Collectively, our results suggest that GmPIF4b regulates multiple morpho-physiological traits for better yield under warmer climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Arya
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohan B Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prem L Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia.
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10
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Moreels P, Bigot S, Defalque C, Correa F, Martinez JP, Lutts S, Quinet M. Intra- and inter-specific reproductive barriers in the tomato clade. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1326689. [PMID: 38143584 PMCID: PMC10739309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1326689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) domestication and later introduction into Europe resulted in a genetic bottleneck that reduced genetic variation. Crosses with other wild tomato species from the Lycopersicon clade can be used to increase genetic diversity and improve important agronomic traits such as stress tolerance. However, many species in the Lycopersicon clade have intraspecific and interspecific incompatibility, such as gametophytic self-incompatibility and unilateral incompatibility. In this review, we provide an overview of the known incompatibility barriers in Lycopersicon. We begin by addressing the general mechanisms self-incompatibility, as well as more specific mechanisms in the Rosaceae, Papaveraceae, and Solanaceae. Incompatibility in the Lycopersicon clade is discussed, including loss of self-incompatibility, species exhibiting only self-incompatibility and species presenting both self-compatibility and self-incompatibility. We summarize unilateral incompatibility in general and specifically in Lycopersicon, with details on the 'self-compatible x self-incompatible' rule, implications of self-incompatibility in unilateral incompatibility and self-incompatibility-independent pathways of unilateral incompatibility. Finally, we discuss advances in the understanding of compatibility barriers and their implications for tomato breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Moreels
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Servane Bigot
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Corentin Defalque
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Francisco Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA-Rayentué), Rengo, Chile
| | | | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Muriel Quinet
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale, Earth and Life Institute-Agronomy, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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11
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Goring DR. A new "lock-and-key" system revealed for plant reproductive barriers. Cell 2023; 186:4734-4736. [PMID: 37890456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Mate selection in flowering plants can occur very rapidly after male pollen contact on the female pistil, but the cellular regulators driving this process were poorly understood. In this issue of Cell, Lan et al. have discovered the components of a complex ligand-receptor system controlling pollen selection in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne R Goring
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
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12
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Del Duca S, Fernández-González D, Cai G. Editorial: Regulation of pollen tube growth, volume II. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1242416. [PMID: 37496862 PMCID: PMC10368124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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13
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Wang L, Filatov DA. Mechanisms of prezygotic post-pollination reproductive barriers in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1230278. [PMID: 37476168 PMCID: PMC10354421 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1230278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Hybridisation between individuals of different species can lead to maladapted or inviable progeny due to genetic incompatibilities between diverging species. On the other hand, mating with close relatives, or self-fertilisation may lead to inbreeding depression. Thus, both too much or too little divergence may lead to problems and the organisms have to carefully choose mating partners to avoid both of these pitfalls. In plants this choice occurs at many stages during reproduction, but pollen-pistil interactions play a particularly important role in avoiding inbreeding and hybridisation with other species. Interestingly, the mechanisms involved in avoidance of selfing and interspecific hybridisation may work via shared molecular pathways, as self-incompatible species tend to be more 'choosy' with heterospecific pollen compared to self-compatible ones. This review discusses various prezygotic post-pollination barriers to interspecific hybridisation, with a focus on the mechanisms of pollen-pistil interactions and their role in the maintenance of species integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Wang
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry A. Filatov
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
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14
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Goring DR, Bosch M, Franklin-Tong VE. Contrasting self-recognition rejection systems for self-incompatibility in Brassica and Papaver. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R530-R542. [PMID: 37279687 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) plays a pivotal role in whether self-pollen is accepted or rejected. Most SI systems employ two tightly linked loci encoding highly polymorphic pollen (male) and pistil (female) S-determinants that control whether self-pollination is successful or not. In recent years our knowledge of the signalling networks and cellular mechanisms involved has improved considerably, providing an important contribution to our understanding of the diverse mechanisms used by plant cells to recognise each other and elicit responses. Here, we compare and contrast two important SI systems employed in the Brassicaceae and Papaveraceae. Both use 'self-recognition' systems, but their genetic control and S-determinants are quite different. We describe the current knowledge about the receptors and ligands, and the downstream signals and responses utilized to prevent self-seed set. What emerges is a common theme involving the initiation of destructive pathways that block the key processes that are required for compatible pollen-pistil interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne R Goring
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Wales, UK
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15
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Palumbo F, Draga S, Magon G, Gabelli G, Vannozzi A, Farinati S, Scariolo F, Lucchin M, Barcaccia G. MIK2 is a candidate gene of the S-locus for sporophytic self-incompatibility in chicory ( Cichorium intybus, Asteraceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1204538. [PMID: 37332702 PMCID: PMC10272723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1204538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The Cichorium genus offers a unique opportunity to study the sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI) system, being composed of species characterized by highly efficient self-incompatibility (e.g., C. intybus) and complete self-compatibility (e.g., C. endivia). To this end, the chicory genome was used to map seven previously identified SSI locus-associated markers. The region containing the S-locus was therefore restricted to an ~4 M bp window on chromosome 5. Among the genes predicted in this region, MDIS1 INTERACTING RECEPTOR LIKE KINASE 2 (ciMIK2) was particularly promising as a candidate for SSI. Its ortholog in Arabidopsis (atMIK2) is involved in pollen-stigma recognition reactions, and its protein structure is similar to that of S-receptor kinase (SRK), a key component of the SSI system in the Brassica genus. The amplification and sequencing of MIK2 in chicory and endive accessions revealed two contrasting scenarios. In C. endivia, MIK2 was fully conserved even when comparing different botanical varieties (i.e., smooth and curly endive). In C. intybus, 387 polymorphic positions and 3 INDELs were identified when comparing accessions of different biotypes all belonging to the same botanical variety (i.e., radicchio). The polymorphism distribution throughout the gene was uneven, with hypervariable domains preferentially localized in the LRR-rich extracellular region, putatively identified as the receptor domain. The gene was hypothesized to be under positive selection, as the nonsynonymous mutations were more than double the synonymous ones (dN/dS = 2.17). An analogous situation was observed when analyzing the first 500 bp of the MIK2 promoter: no SNPs were observed among the endive samples, whereas 44 SNPs and 6 INDELs were detected among the chicory samples. Further analyses are needed to confirm the role of MIK2 in SSI and to demonstrate whether the 23 species-specific nonsynonymous SNPs in the CDS and/or the species-specific 10 bp-INDEL found in a CCAAT box region of the promoter are responsible for the contrasting sexual behaviors of chicory and endive.
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16
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Lee S, Enciso-Rodriguez FE, Behling W, Jayakody T, Panicucci K, Zarka D, Nadakuduti SS, Buell CR, Manrique-Carpintero NC, Douches DS. HT-B and S-RNase CRISPR-Cas9 double knockouts show enhanced self-fertility in diploid Solanum tuberosum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1151347. [PMID: 37324668 PMCID: PMC10264808 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1151347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility (GSI) system in diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) poses a substantial barrier in diploid potato breeding by hindering the generation of inbred lines. One solution is gene editing to generate self-compatible diploid potatoes which will allow for the generation of elite inbred lines with fixed favorable alleles and heterotic potential. The S-RNase and HT genes have been shown previously to contribute to GSI in the Solanaceae family and self-compatible S. tuberosum lines have been generated by knocking out S-RNase gene with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. This study employed CRISPR-Cas9 to knockout HT-B either individually or in concert with S-RNase in the diploid self-incompatible S. tuberosum clone DRH-195. Using mature seed formation from self-pollinated fruit as the defining characteristic of self-compatibility, HT-B-only knockouts produced little or no seed. In contrast, double knockout lines of HT-B and S-RNase displayed levels of seed production that were up to three times higher than observed in the S-RNase-only knockout, indicating a synergistic effect between HT-B and S-RNase in self-compatibility in diploid potato. This contrasts with compatible cross-pollinations, where S-RNase and HT-B did not have a significant effect on seed set. Contradictory to the traditional GSI model, self-incompatible lines displayed pollen tube growth reaching the ovary, yet ovules failed to develop into seeds indicating a potential late-acting self-incompatibility in DRH-195. Germplasm generated from this study will serve as a valuable resource for diploid potato breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lee
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - William Behling
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Thilani Jayakody
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kaela Panicucci
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Daniel Zarka
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - C. Robin Buell
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, Institute for Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero
- Alliance of Bioversity International and The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - David S. Douches
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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17
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da Cunha NL, Aizen MA. Pollen production per flower increases with floral display size across animal-pollinated flowering plants. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023:e16180. [PMID: 37243835 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The number of open flowers on a plant (i.e., floral display size) can influence plant fitness by increasing pollinator attraction. However, diminishing marginal fitness returns with increasing floral display are expected as pollinators tend to visit more flowers per plant consecutively. An extended flower visitation sequence increases the fraction of ovules disabled by self-pollination (ovule discounting) and reduces the fraction of a plant's own pollen that is exported to sire seeds in other plants (pollen discounting). Hermaphroditic species with a genetic system that prevents self-fertilization (self-incompatibility) would avoid ovule discounting and its fitness cost, whereas species without such a genetically based barrier would not. Contrarily, pollen discounting would be an unavoidable consequence of a large floral display irrespective of selfing barriers. Nevertheless, the increasing fitness costs of ovule and pollen discounting could be offset by respectively increasing ovule and pollen production per flower. METHODS We compiled data on floral display size and pollen and ovule production per flower for 1241 animal-pollinated, hermaphroditic angiosperm species, including data on the compatibility system for 779 species. We used phylogenetic general linear mixed models to assess the relations of pollen and ovule production to floral display size. RESULTS Our findings provide evidence of increasing pollen production, but not of ovule production, with increasing display size irrespective of compatibility system and even after accounting for potentially confounding effects like flower size and growth form. CONCLUSIONS Our comparative study supports the pollen-discount expectation of an adaptive link between per-flower pollen production and floral display across animal-pollinated angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolay Leme da Cunha
- Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Adrián Aizen
- Grupo de Ecología de la Polinización, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
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18
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Tran TC, Lenhard M. Pollen-stigma incompatibility within and between species: Tread lightly, sedate the dogs, and don't wake the guards! Dev Cell 2023; 58:335-337. [PMID: 36917929 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
In a recent issue of Nature, Huang et al. identify and show how to overcome the barriers to successful pollen germination after interspecific crosses.1 Their findings answer a long-standing question about reproductive barriers in flowering plants and open the door to harnessing genetic diversity of distant relatives for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Chi Tran
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Lenhard
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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19
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Huang J, Yang L, Yang L, Wu X, Cui X, Zhang L, Hui J, Zhao Y, Yang H, Liu S, Xu Q, Pang M, Guo X, Cao Y, Chen Y, Ren X, Lv J, Yu J, Ding J, Xu G, Wang N, Wei X, Lin Q, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Ma C, Dai C, Wang P, Wang Y, Cheng F, Zeng W, Palanivelu R, Wu HM, Zhang X, Cheung AY, Duan Q. Stigma receptors control intraspecies and interspecies barriers in Brassicaceae. Nature 2023; 614:303-308. [PMID: 36697825 PMCID: PMC9908550 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants have evolved numerous intraspecific and interspecific prezygotic reproductive barriers to prevent production of unfavourable offspring1. Within a species, self-incompatibility (SI) is a widely utilized mechanism that rejects self-pollen2,3 to avoid inbreeding depression. Interspecific barriers restrain breeding between species and often follow the SI × self-compatible (SC) rule, that is, interspecific pollen is unilaterally incompatible (UI) on SI pistils but unilaterally compatible (UC) on SC pistils1,4-6. The molecular mechanisms underlying SI, UI, SC and UC and their interconnections in the Brassicaceae remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the SI pollen determinant S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11)2,3 or a signal from UI pollen binds to the SI female determinant S-locus receptor kinase (SRK)2,3, recruits FERONIA (FER)7-9 and activates FER-mediated reactive oxygen species production in SI stigmas10,11 to reject incompatible pollen. For compatible responses, diverged pollen coat protein B-class12-14 from SC and UC pollen differentially trigger nitric oxide, nitrosate FER to suppress reactive oxygen species in SC stigmas to facilitate pollen growth in an intraspecies-preferential manner, maintaining species integrity. Our results show that SRK and FER integrate mechanisms underlying intraspecific and interspecific barriers and offer paths to achieve distant breeding in Brassicaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jiyun Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yumei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hongmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shangjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Quanling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Maoxuan Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xinping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xinru Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jinzhi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Junyi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Nian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Lin
- Computer Network Information Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Shandong Yiyi Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Tai'an, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiqing Zeng
- International Flavors & Fragrances, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | - Hen-Ming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Cell Biology and Plant Biology Programs, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Alice Y Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Cell Biology and Plant Biology Programs, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
| | - Qiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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20
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Li C, Long Y, Lu M, Zhou J, Wang S, Xu Y, Tan X. Gene coexpression analysis reveals key pathways and hub genes related to late-acting self-incompatibility in Camellia oleifera. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1065872. [PMID: 36762174 PMCID: PMC9902722 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1065872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-incompatibility (SI) is an important strategy for plants to maintain abundant variation to enhance their adaptability to the environment. Camellia oleifera is one of the most important woody oil plants and is widely cultivated in China. Late acting self-incompatibility (LSI) in C. oleifera results in a relatively poor fruit yield in the natural state, and understanding of the LSI mechanism remains limited. METHODS To better understand the molecular expression and gene coexpression network in the LSI reaction in C. oleifera, we conducted self- and cross-pollination experiments at two different flower bud developmental stages (3-4 d before flowering and 1 d before flowering), and cytological observation, fruit setting rate (FSR) investigation and RNA-Seq analysis were performed to investigate the mechanism of the male -female interaction and identify hub genes responsible for the LSI in C. oleifera. RESULTS Based on the 21 ovary transcriptomes, a total of 7669 DEGs were identified after filtering out low-expression genes. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) divided the DEGs into 15 modules. Genes in the blue module (1163 genes) were positively correlated with FSR, and genes in the pink module (339 genes) were negatively correlated with FSR. KEGG analysis indicated that flavonoid biosynthesis, plant MAPK signaling pathways, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and plant-pathogen interaction were the crucial pathways for the LSI reaction. Fifty four transcription factors (TFs) were obtained in the two key modules, and WRKY and MYB were potentially involved in the LSI reaction in C. oleifera. Network establishment indicated that genes encoding G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine (lecRLK), isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase-like (CYP81Q32), cytochrome P450 87A3-like (CYP87A3), and probable calcium-binding protein (CML41) were the hub genes that positively responded to the LSI reaction. The other DEGs inside the two modules, including protein RALF-like 10 (RALF), F-box and pectin acetylesterase (MTERF5), might also play vital roles in the LSI reaction in C. oleifera. DISCUSSION Overall, our study provides a meaningful resource for gene network studies of the LSI reaction process and subsequent analyses of pollen-pistil interactions and TF roles in the LSI reaction, and it also provides new insights for exploring the mechanisms of the LSI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Long
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Junqin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- The Belt and Road International Union Research Center for Tropical Arid Non-wood Forest in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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21
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Lubini G, Ferreira PB, Quiapim AC, Brito MS, Cossalter V, Pranchevicius MCS, Goldman MHS. Silencing of a Pectin Acetylesterase (PAE) Gene Highly Expressed in Tobacco Pistils Negatively Affects Pollen Tube Growth. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:329. [PMID: 36679042 PMCID: PMC9864977 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful plant reproduction and fruit formation depend on adequate pollen and pistil development, and pollen-pistil interactions. In Nicotiana tabacum, pollen tubes grow through the intercellular spaces of pistil-specialized tissues, stigmatic secretory zone, and stylar transmitting tissue (STT). These intercellular spaces are supposed to be formed by the modulation of cell wall pectin esterification. Previously we have identified a gene preferentially expressed in pistils encoding a putative pectin acetylesterase (PAE), named NtPAE1. Here, we characterized the NtPAE1 gene and performed genome-wide and phylogenetic analyses of PAEs. We identified 30 PAE sequences in the N. tabacum genome, distributed in four clades. The expression of NtPAE1 was assessed by RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization. We confirmed NtPAE1 preferential expression in stigmas/styles and ovaries and demonstrated its high expression in the STT. Structural predictions and comparisons between NtPAE1 and functional enzymes validated its identity as a PAE. Transgenic plants were produced, overexpressing and silencing the NtPAE1 gene. Overexpressed plants displayed smaller flowers while silencing plants exhibited collapsed pollen grains, which hardly germinate. NtPAE1 silencing plants do not produce fruits, due to impaired pollen tube growth in their STTs. Thus, NtPAE1 is an essential enzyme regulating pectin modifications in flowers and, ultimately, in plant reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greice Lubini
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Boscariol Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa Carla Quiapim
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael Santos Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cossalter
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Helena S. Goldman
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
- PPG-Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
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22
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Qin H, Li H, Abhinandan K, Xun B, Yao K, Shi J, Zhao R, Li M, Wu Y, Lan X. Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Pathways Are Downregulated during Stigma Development and Are Critical during Self-Incompatible Responses in Ornamental Kale. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113102. [PMID: 36361887 PMCID: PMC9656282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In Brassicaceae, the papillary cells of the stigma are the primary site of the self-incompatibility (SI) responses. SI preserves the genetic diversity by selectively rejecting irrelevant or incompatible pollen, thus promoting cross fertilization and species fitness. Mechanisms that regulate SI responses in Brassica have been studied mainly on the mature stigma that often undermines how stigma papillary cells attain the state of SI during development. To understand this, we integrated PacBio SMRT-seq with Illumina RNA-seq to construct a de novo full-length transcriptomic database for different stages of stigma development in ornamental kale. A total of 48,800 non-redundant transcripts, 31,269 novel transcripts, 24,015 genes, 13,390 alternative splicing, 22,389 simple sequence repeats, 21,816 complete ORF sequences, and 4591 lncRNAs were identified and analyzed using PacBio SMRT-seq. The Illumina RNA-seq revealed 15,712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8619 transcription factors. The KEGG enrichment analysis of 4038 DEGs in the “incompatibility” group revealed that the flavonoid and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched. The cluster and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that 11 and 14 candidate genes for the flavonoid and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways have the lowest expression levels at stigma maturation, respectively. To understand the physiological relevance of the downregulation of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, we performed inhibitor feeding assays on the mature stigma. The compatible pollination response was drastically reduced when mature stigmas were pre-treated with a fatty acid synthase inhibitor. This finding suggested that fatty acid accumulation in the stigmas may be essential for compatible pollination and its downregulation during maturity must have evolved as a support module to discourage the mounting of self-incompatible pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kumar Abhinandan
- 20/20 Seed Labs Inc., Nisku, AB T9E 7N5, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Baoru Xun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kun Yao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ruoxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mugeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xingguo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Christie K, Fraser LS, Lowry DB. The strength of reproductive isolating barriers in seed plants: Insights from studies quantifying premating and postmating reproductive barriers over the past 15 years. Evolution 2022; 76:2228-2243. [PMID: 35838076 PMCID: PMC9796645 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Speciation is driven by the evolution of reproductive isolating barriers that reduce, and ultimately prevent, substantial gene flow between lineages. Despite its central role in evolutionary biology, the process can be difficult to study because it proceeds differently among groups and may occur over long timescales. Due to this complexity, we typically rely on generalizations of empirical data to describe and understand the process. Previous reviews of reproductive isolation (RI) in flowering plants have suggested that prezygotic or extrinsic barriers generally have a stronger effect on reducing gene flow compared to postzygotic or intrinsic barriers. Past conclusions have rested on relatively few empirical estimates of RI; however, RI data have become increasingly abundant over the past 15 years. We analyzed data from recent studies quantifying multiple pre- and postmating barriers in plants and compared the strengths of isolating barriers across 89 taxa pairs using standardized RI metrics. Individual prezygotic barriers were on average stronger than individual postzygotic barriers, and the total strength of prezygotic RI was approximately twice that of postzygotic RI. These findings corroborate that ecological divergence and extrinsic factors, as opposed to solely the accumulation of genetic incompatibilities, are important to speciation and the maintenance of species boundaries in plants. Despite an emphasis in the literature on asymmetric postmating and postzygotic RI, we found that prezygotic barriers acted equally asymmetrically. Overall, substantial variability in the strengths of 12 isolating barriers highlights the great diversity of mechanisms that contribute to plant diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Christie
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824,Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona86011
| | - Linnea S. Fraser
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
| | - David B. Lowry
- Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan48824
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24
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Cardoso JCF, Trevizan R, Matallana-Puerto CA, Gonçalves RV, Oliveira PE, Coelho CP, Matias R. Do distylous syntopic plant species partition their floral morphological traits? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Morphological niche partitioning between related syntopic plants that are distylous (with short- and long-styled morphs) is complex. Owing to differences in the heights of stigmas and anthers, each floral morph must place pollen onto two distinct parts of the body of the pollinator. This led us to hypothesize that such partitioning should be more accurate among distylous syntopic species in comparison to combinations with other related plants that do not co-occur. We tested these assumptions using a set of Palicourea (Rubiaceae) species as a model system. We compared the distribution, flowering phenology, floral measurements and reciprocity of sexual organ heights of two syntopic species (Palicourea rigida and Palicourea coriacea) and one non-syntopic congener (Palicourea marcgravii). The three species overlapped in their distributions and flowering periods. The position of sexual organs was, in most cases, partitioned between syntopic populations, with low overlap in anther and stigma heights. However, we found a higher overlap involving the non-syntopic species, especially between Palicourea rigida and Palicourea marcgravii. Additionally, reciprocity of sexual organs was more accurate in intraspecific inter-morph combinations (i.e. legitimate organ correspondence) in comparison to intraspecific intra-morph, interspecific syntopic and interspecific non-syntopic combinations. The partitioning of morphological traits between syntopic species might facilitate the differential placement of pollen on the body of the pollinator and reduce the chances of interspecific interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Custódio Fernandes Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia , Uberlândia, MG , Brazil
| | - Renata Trevizan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP , Brazil
| | | | - Rogério Victor Gonçalves
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW , Australia
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25
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Tsuchimatsu T, Fujii S. The selfing syndrome and beyond: diverse evolutionary consequences of mating system transitions in plants. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20200510. [PMID: 35634918 PMCID: PMC9149797 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The shift from outcrossing to self-fertilization (selfing) is considered one of the most prevalent evolutionary transitions in flowering plants. Selfing species tend to share similar reproductive traits in morphology and function, and such a set of traits is called the 'selfing syndrome'. Although the genetic basis of the selfing syndrome has been of great interest to evolutionary biologists, knowledge of the causative genes or mutations was limited until recently. Thanks to advances in population genomic methodologies combined with high-throughput sequencing technologies, several studies have successfully unravelled the molecular and genetic basis for evolution of the selfing syndrome in Capsella, Arabidopsis, Solanum and other genera. Here we first introduce recent research examples that have explored the loci, genes and mutations responsible for the selfing syndrome traits, such as reductions in petal size or in pollen production, that are mainly relevant to pre-pollination processes. Second, we review the relationship between the evolution of selfing and interspecific pollen transfer, highlighting the findings of post-pollination reproductive barriers at the molecular level. We then discuss the emerging view of patterns in evolution of the selfing syndrome, such as the pervasive involvement of loss-of-function mutations and the relative importance of selection versus neutral degradation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Genetic basis of adaptation and speciation: from loci to causative mutations'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tsuchimatsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-0033, Japan
| | - Sota Fujii
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku 113-8657, Japan
- Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE) Fellow, Bunkyo, Japan
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26
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Li X, Tang C, Li X, Zhu X, Cai Y, Wang P, Zhang S, Wu J. Cellulose accumulation mediated by PbrCSLD5, a cellulose synthase-like protein, results in cessation of pollen tube growth in Pyrus bretschneideri. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13700. [PMID: 35526262 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose, a key component of the cell wall, plays an important role in maintaining the growth of pollen tubes. However, the molecular mechanism of cellulose participating in the cessation of pear pollen tube growth remains unclear. Here, we reported that at 15 h post-cultured (HPC), the slow-growth pear pollen tubes showed thickened cell walls and cellulose accumulation in the inner wall. Transcriptome data and quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that PbrCSLD5, a cellulose synthesis-like gene, was highly expressed in the 15 HPC pear pollen tubes. Knockdown of PbrCSLD5 caused a decrease in cellulose content in pear pollen tubes. Moreover, PbrCSLD5 overexpression in Arabidopsis resulted in the accumulation of cellulose and disruption of normal pollen tube growth. Transcription factor PbrMADS52 was found to bind to the promoter of PbrCSLD5 and enhanced its expression. Our results suggested that the PbrMADS52-PbrCSLD5 signaling pathway led to increased cellulose content in the pear pollen tube cell wall, thereby inhibiting pollen tube growth. These results provided new insights into the regulation of pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, China
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiling Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, China
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
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27
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Mino M, Tezuka T, Shomura S. The hybrid lethality of interspecific F 1 hybrids of Nicotiana: a clue to understanding hybrid inviability-a major obstacle to wide hybridization and introgression breeding of plants. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:10. [PMID: 37309322 PMCID: PMC10248639 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive isolation poses a major obstacle to wide hybridization and introgression breeding of plants. Hybrid inviability in the postzygotic isolation barrier inevitably reduces hybrid fitness, consequently causing hindrances in the establishment of novel genotypes from the hybrids among genetically divergent parents. The idea that the plant immune system is involved in the hybrid problem is applicable to the intra- and/or interspecific hybrids of many different taxa. The lethality characteristics and expression profile of genes associated with the hypersensitive response of the hybrids, along with the suppression of causative genes, support the deleterious epistatic interaction of parental NB-LRR protein genes, resulting in aberrant hyper-immunity reactions in the hybrid. Moreover, the cellular, physiological, and biochemical reactions observed in hybrid cells also corroborate this hypothesis. However, the difference in genetic backgrounds of the respective hybrids may contribute to variations in lethality phenotypes among the parental species combinations. The mixed state in parental components of the chaperone complex (HSP90-SGT1-RAR1) in the hybrid may also affect the hybrid inviability. This review article discusses the facts and hypothesis regarding hybrid inviability, alongside the findings of studies on the hybrid lethality of interspecific hybrids of the genus Nicotiana. A possible solution for averting the hybrid problem has also been scrutinized with the aim of improving the wide hybridization and introgression breeding program in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Mino
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522 Japan
- Present Address: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Takahiro Tezuka
- Present Address: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531 Japan
| | - Sachiko Shomura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522 Japan
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28
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Muñoz-Sanz JV, Tovar-Méndez A, Lu L, Dai R, McClure B. A Cysteine-Rich Protein, SpDIR1L, Implicated in S-RNase-Independent Pollen Rejection in the Tomato ( Solanum Section Lycopersicon) Clade. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313067. [PMID: 34884871 PMCID: PMC8657656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato clade species (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon) display multiple interspecific reproductive barriers (IRBs). Some IRBs conform to the SI x SC rule, which describes unilateral incompatibility (UI) where pollen from SC species is rejected on SI species’ pistils, but reciprocal pollinations are successful. However, SC x SC UI also exists, offering opportunities to identify factors that contribute to S-RNase-independent IRBs. For instance, SC Solanum pennellii LA0716 pistils only permit SC Solanum lycopersicum pollen tubes to penetrate to the top third of the pistil, while S. pennellii pollen penetrates to S. lycopersicum ovaries. We identified candidate S. pennellii LA0716 pistil barrier genes based on expression profiles and published results. CRISPR/Cas9 mutants were created in eight candidate genes, and mutants were assessed for changes in S. lycopersicum pollen tube growth. Mutants in a gene designated Defective in Induced Resistance 1-like (SpDIR1L), which encodes a small cysteine-rich protein, permitted S. lycopersicum pollen tubes to grow to the bottom third of the style. We show that SpDIR1L protein accumulation correlates with IRB strength and that species with weak or no IRBs toward S. lycopersicum pollen share a 150 bp deletion in the upstream region of SpDIR1L. These results suggest that SpDIR1L contributes to an S-RNase-independent IRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Rijk Zwaan Iberica S.A., Carretera Viator Paraje El Mamí S/N, La Cañada, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Alejandro Tovar-Méndez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Elemental Enzymes, 1685 Galt Industrial Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ru Dai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
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29
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Overcoming Pre-Fertilization Barriers in Intertribal Crosses between Anemone coronaria L. and Ranunculus asiaticus L. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7120529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization in flowering plants depends, in the first place, on the delivery of pollen to a receptive stigma and the subsequent growth of pollen tubes through the style to the ovary, where the sperm nucleus of the pollen grain can ultimately fertilize the egg cell. However, reproductive failure is often observed in distant crosses and is caused by pre- and/or post-zygotic barriers. In this study, the reproductive pre-fertilization barriers of intertribal crosses between Anemone coronaria L. and Ranunculus asiaticus L., both belonging to the Ranunculaceae, were investigated. Despite the incongruity of intertribal crosses between A. coronaria and R. asiaticus having been of low intensity at the stigmatic level, interstylar obstructions of the pollen tube growth occurred, which confirmed the presence of pre-fertilization barriers. We show that these barriers could be partially bypassed by combining pollination with a stigma treatment. More specifically, a significantly higher ratio of the pollen tube length to the total style length and a better seed set were observed when the stigma was treated with the auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 1 mg·mL−1) together with the cytokinin kinetin (KIN, 0.5 mg·mL−1) 24 h after pollination, irrespective of the cross direction. More specifically, the stigma treatments with any form of auxin (combined or not combined with cytokinin) resulted in a full seed set, assuming an apomictic fruit set, because no pollination was needed to obtain these seeds.
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