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Jia Y, Zhang K, Shi M, Guo D, Yang P, Bu X, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, He J, Zhu Z, Zhang Y. Associations of Rheumatoid Factor, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Interleukin-6 Inhibitor with the Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke: a Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:750-760. [PMID: 37256492 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid factor (RF), an established diagnostic biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is associated with cardiovascular diseases, but its impact on clinical outcomes of ischemic stroke remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the observational associations between serum RF and prognosis of ischemic stroke, and further examined the genetic associations of RA and its therapeutic strategy, interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitor, with prognosis of ischemic stroke. We measured serum RF levels in 3474 Chinese ischemic stroke patients from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke. The primary outcome was the composite outcome of death or major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 3 months after stroke onset. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the associations of genetically predicted RA and IL-6 inhibition with prognosis of ischemic stroke. During 3 months of follow-up, 866 patients (25.43%) experienced death or major disability. After multivariate adjustment, RF-positive was significantly associated with a high risk of primary outcome (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.08-2.00; P =0.016) compared with RF-negative. The two-sample MR analyses suggested that genetically predicted RA was associated with an increased risk of primary outcome (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.18; P=0.021), while genetically predicted IL-6 inhibition was associated with a decreased risk of primary outcome (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77-0.99; P=0.041). We found that positive RF was associated with increased risks of adverse outcomes after atherosclerotic ischemic stroke, and genetically predicted RA and IL-6 inhibition increased and decreased the risks of adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Daoxia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pinni Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing Bu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Zhang H, Wu Y, Wu K, Dai Z. Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:176. [PMID: 39034318 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are critical in regulating immune responses and cellular behavior, playing dual roles in both normal physiology and the pathology of diseases such as cancer. These molecules, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, and growth factors like TGF-β, VEGF, and EGF, can promote or inhibit tumor growth, influence the tumor microenvironment, and impact the efficacy of cancer treatments. Recent advances in targeting these pathways have shown promising therapeutic potential, offering new strategies to modulate the immune system, inhibit tumor progression, and overcome resistance to conventional therapies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding and therapeutic implications of targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways in cancer. By exploring the roles of these molecules in tumor biology and the immune response, we highlighted the development of novel therapeutic agents aimed at modulating these pathways to combat cancer. The review elaborated on the dual nature of cytokines as both promoters and suppressors of tumorigenesis, depending on the context, and discussed the challenges and opportunities this presents for therapeutic intervention. We also examined the latest advancements in targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, receptor inhibitors, fusion proteins, engineered cytokine variants, and their impact on tumor growth, metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of combining these targeted therapies with other treatment modalities to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes. Besides, we also focused on the ongoing research and clinical trials that are pivotal in advancing our understanding and application of cytokine- and chemokine-targeted therapies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
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Fang C, Du L, Gao S, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wu Z, Li L, Li J, Zeng X, Li M, Li Y, Tian X. Association between premature vascular smooth muscle cells senescence and vascular inflammation in Takayasu's arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2024-225630. [PMID: 38816066 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2024-225630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arterial wall inflammation and remodelling are the characteristic features of Takayasu's arteritis (TAK). It has been proposed that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main targeted cells of inflammatory damage and participate in arterial remodelling in TAK. Whether VSMCs are actively involved in arterial wall inflammation has not been elucidated. Studies have shown that cellular senescence in tissue is closely related to local inflammation persistence. We aimed to investigate whether VSMCs senescence contributes to vascular inflammation and the prosenescent factors in TAK. METHODS VSMCs senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype were detected by histological examination, bulk RNA-Seq and single-cell RNA-seq conducted on vascular surgery samples of TAK patients. The key prosenescent factors and the downstream signalling pathway were investigated in a series of in vitro and ex vivo experiments. RESULTS Histological findings, primary cell culture and transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that VSMCs of TAK patients had the features of premature senescence and contributed substantially to vascular inflammation by upregulating the expression of senescence-associated inflammatory cytokines. IL-6 was found to be the critical cytokine that drove VSMCs senescence and senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in TAK. Mechanistically, IL-6-induced non-canonical mitochondrial localisation of phosphorylated STAT3 (Tyr705) prevented mitofusin 2 (MFN2) from proteasomal degradation, and subsequently promoted senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and VSMCs senescence. Mitochondrial STAT3 or MFN2 inhibition ameliorated VSMCs senescence in ex vivo cultured arteries of TAK patients. CONCLUSIONS VSMCs present features of cellular senescence and are actively involved in vascular inflammation in TAK. Vascular IL-6-mitochondrial STAT3-MFN2 signalling is an important driver of VSMCs senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoguan Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Su J, Hu W, Ding Y, Zhang P, Li T, Liu S, Xing L. Serum GM-CSF level is a predictor of treatment response to tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a prospective observational cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:130. [PMID: 38997725 PMCID: PMC11241958 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this prospective observational cohort study was to unveil the predictors of treatment response to tocilizumab (TCZ) therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, in terms of clinical characteristics and serum proinflammatory cytokines, especially to explore the predictive value of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). METHODS Active adult RA patients with inadequate response to MTX intending to receive TCZ therapy were recruited prospectively in the study. A total of 174 severe RA patients were included for the identification of the associations between treatment response and the following characteristic features: demographics, medications, disease activity, serum proinflammatory cytokines and so on. RESULTS Disease duration (OR = 0.996), tender joint count (TJC)/68 (OR = 0.943), neutrophil ratio (W4/baseline) (OR = 0.224), the high level of GM-CSF > 5 ng/ml (OR = 0.414) at baseline were the independent adverse predictors of good response assessed by clinical disease activity index (CDAI) at week 24 (W24) for TCZ therapy in RA patients. Moreover, DAS28-ESR (OR = 2.951, P = 0.002) and the high level of GM-CSF > 10 ng/ml at baseline (OR = 5.419, P = 0.002) were independent predictors of poor response, but not the high level of GM-CSF > 5 ng/ml (OR = 2.713, P = 0.054). The patients in the high GM-CSF group had significantly higher DAS28-ESR and serum levels of cytokines (IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) at baseline, as well as significantly higher rate of non-good response (62.8% vs. 39.4%, P = 0.010) and poor response (27.9% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.004) than the low GM-CSF group at W24. In addition, poor responders had significantly higher levels of GM-CSF with concomitant increase in the serum levels of IL-17A and IL-1β at baseline than those in moderate and good response groups, while serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α at baseline were not significantly different in three response groups. CONCLUSION The high levels of GM-CSF (> 5 ng/ml and > 10 ng/ml) at baseline were the independent predictors of non-good response and poor response to TCZ at W24 respectively. The high level of GM-CSF at baseline is a marker of high disease activity and a predictor of poor response to TCZ in severe RA patients, which may facilitate the development of individualized treatment strategies for refractory RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wenlu Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanxia Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tianfang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shengyun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Lihua Xing
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, E. Jianshe Rd. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Wang MJ, Zhang HL, Chen F, Guo XJ, Liu QG, Hou J. The double-edged effects of IL-6 in liver regeneration, aging, inflammation, and diseases. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:62. [PMID: 38890694 PMCID: PMC11184755 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine and exerts its complex biological functions mainly through three different signal modes, called cis-, trans-, and cluster signaling. When IL-6 binds to its membrane or soluble receptors, the co-receptor gp130 is activated to initiate downstream signaling and induce the expression of target genes. In the liver, IL-6 can perform its anti-inflammatory activities to promote hepatocyte reprogramming and liver regeneration. On the contrary, IL-6 also exerts the pro-inflammatory functions to induce liver aging, fibrosis, steatosis, and carcinogenesis. However, understanding the roles and underlying mechanisms of IL-6 in liver physiological and pathological processes is still an ongoing process. So far, therapeutic agents against IL‑6, IL‑6 receptor (IL‑6R), IL-6-sIL-6R complex, or IL-6 downstream signal transducers have been developed, and determined to be effective in the intervention of inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this review, we summarized and highlighted the understanding of the double-edged effects of IL-6 in liver homeostasis, aging, inflammation, and chronic diseases, for better shifting the "negative" functions of IL-6 to the "beneficial" actions, and further discussed the potential therapeutic effects of targeting IL-6 signaling in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China.
| | - Hai-Ling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Guo
- Department of Health Statistics, Faculty of Health Service, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Gui Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China.
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Fu T, Liu Y, Jia H, Yao L, Zhang S, Tian F. Analysis of potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis with comorbid depression immunologic indicators. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115098. [PMID: 38871128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression can impact the severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg cell subsets, and their associated cytokines (e.g., IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), and the occurrence of RA both with and without comorbid depression. The objective is to identify potential biological markers, therapeutic targets, and the therapeutic effects of RA with comorbid depression. RESULTS 53 RA patients,46 RA with comorbid depression patients and 51 healthy subjects were included in the RA,RD and HC group from August 2021 and October 2022. Among RA patients, 46.46 % were comorbid with depression. IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in RD group than in RA group.Comparison between the HC and RA and RD groups revealed that Th1 %, Th17 %, Th1, Th17, Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg and Th1/Treg were significantly higher in the RA and RD groups, and conversely, Th2 %, Treg%, Th2 and Treg were significantly lower than in the HC group.The RA group compared to the RD group found that Th17 %, Th17 and Th17/Treg were significantly higher in the RD group than in the RA group, however, Th1 %, Treg and Th2/Treg were significantly lower than in the RA group. The total HAMD score had a medium strength positive correlation with IL-6. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that elevated the autoimmunity status was overactivated in RA with or without depression activates patients, IL-6 may be a predictor of the severity of RA with comorbid depression, IL-6 concentrations and an imbalance in the Th17/Treg may underlie the comorbidity of RA and depression, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention, prompting further evaluation of the role of indirect inflammatory markers in RA with comorbid depression, highlighting the need for additional research to clarify the complex relationship between inflammation and psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fu
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030000, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030000, China
| | - Haozhi Jia
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030000, China
| | - Lixia Yao
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030000, China
| | - Shengxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Psychiatry Department, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China.
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Habelrih T, Ferri B, Côté F, Sévigny J, Augustin TL, Sawaya K, Lubell WD, Olson DM, Girard S, Chemtob S. Preventing Preterm Birth: Exploring Innovative Solutions. Clin Perinatol 2024; 51:497-510. [PMID: 38705654 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the complexities of preterm birth (PTB), emphasizes the pivotal role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of preterm labor, and assesses current available interventions. Antibiotics, progesterone analogs, mechanical approaches, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and nutritional supplementation demonstrate a limited efficacy. Tocolytic agents, targeting uterine activity and contractility, inadequately prevent PTB by neglecting to act on uteroplacental inflammation. Emerging therapies targeting toll-like receptors, chemokines, and interleukin receptors exhibit promise in mitigating inflammation and preventing PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Habelrih
- Université de Montréal, Pavillion Roger-Gaudry, 2900 boul Edouard-Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Béatrice Ferri
- Université de Montréal, Pavillion Roger-Gaudry, 2900 boul Edouard-Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - France Côté
- Université de Montréal, Pavillion Roger-Gaudry, 2900 boul Edouard-Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Juliane Sévigny
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Voie 9, J1X 2X9, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Thalyssa-Lyn Augustin
- Université de Montréal, Pavillion Roger-Gaudry, 2900 boul Edouard-Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Sawaya
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Room 511, H3A 2B4, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - David M Olson
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, and Physiology, University of Alberta, 220 HMRC, T6G 2S2, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sylvie Girard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim Building 3rd floor, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Université de Montréal, Pavillion Roger-Gaudry, 2900 boul Edouard-Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C5, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Jin G, Liu Y, Wang L, He Z, Zhao X, Ma Y, Jia Y, Li Z, Yin N, Peng M. A single infusion of engineered long-lived and multifunctional T cells confers durable remission of asthma in mice. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1059-1072. [PMID: 38802511 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Asthma, the most prevalent respiratory disease, affects more than 300 million people and causes more than 250,000 deaths annually. Type 2-high asthma is characterized by interleukin (IL)-5-driven eosinophilia, along with airway inflammation and remodeling caused by IL-4 and IL-13. Here we utilize IL-5 as the targeting domain and deplete BCOR and ZC3H12A to engineer long-lived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that can eradicate eosinophils. We call these cells immortal-like and functional IL-5 CAR T cells (5TIF) cells. 5TIF cells were further modified to secrete an IL-4 mutein that blocks IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, designated as 5TIF4 cells. In asthma models, a single infusion of 5TIF4 cells in fully immunocompetent mice, without any conditioning regimen, led to sustained repression of lung inflammation and alleviation of asthmatic symptoms. These data show that asthma, a common chronic disease, can be pushed into long-term remission with a single dose of long-lived CAR T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Jia
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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9
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Liu C, Liu X, Xin H, Li X. Associations of inflammatory cytokines with palmoplantar pustulosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1387210. [PMID: 38882664 PMCID: PMC11176421 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1387210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Variations in circulatory cytokine levels have been observed during the onset and course of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP); however, whether these changes are due to etiological or secondary factors is unclear. To clarify the causal relationship, we conducted a summarized-level bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in this study. Methods A FinnGen biobank genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 212,766 individuals (524 PPP patients and 212,242 controls) provided summary data for PPP, whereas genetic instrumental variables (IVs) linked to circulation cytokine levels were gathered from a GWAS of 14,824 European individuals. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WME), simple mode, and MR-Egger methods were used to ascertain the changes in PPP pathogenic cytokine taxa. Sensitivity analysis, which included horizontal pleiotropy analysis, was then conducted. The reliability of the results was assessed using the leave-one-out approach and the MR Steiger test, which evaluated the strength of a causal relationship. To evaluate the reverse causality between PPP and circulating cytokine levels, a reverse MR analysis was carried out. Results Our study demonstrated positive associations between C-X-C motif chemokine 6 (CXCL6) and PPP (odds ratio, OR 1.257, 95%CI: 1.001-1.570, p = 0.043). C-C motif chemokine 19 (CCL19) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were suggested to be protectively associated with the development of PPP (OR: 0.698,95% CI: 0.516-0.944, p = 0.020; OR: 0.656, 95%CI:0.437-0.985, p = 0.042). The results were steady after sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses. Conclusion At the genetic prediction level, we identified causally connected inflammation-related variables that contributed to the onset and development of PPP. The therapeutic options for some refractory PPP have expanded due to tailored cytokine therapy, generating fresh concepts for PPP diagnostics and mechanism investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengling Liu
- Center of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Dermatology, The 924th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Guilin, China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiming Xin
- Center of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Dermatology, The 924th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Guilin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Dermatology, The 924th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Guilin, China
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10
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Xu D, Tang L, Wang Y, Pan J, Su C. LC-MS-based rheumatoid arthritis serum metabolomics reveals the role of deoxyinosine in attenuating collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30903. [PMID: 38778995 PMCID: PMC11108858 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent autoimmune condition with no identified cure currently. Recently, scientists have applied metabolomics to investigate altered metabolic profiles and unique diseases-associated metabolic signatures. Herein, we applied metabolomics approach to analyze serum samples of 41 RA patients and 42 healthy controls (HC) with the aim to characterize RA patients' metabolic profile, investigate related underlying pathological processes, and identify target metabolites. By utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, we found 168 proposed metabolites and 45 vital metabolic pathways. Our analysis revealed that deoxyinosine (DI), a metabolite of the purine metabolic pathway, was the most significant reduced metabolite in RA patients. Furthermore, through targeted detection, we confirmed lower concentration of DI in RA patients' peripheral blood. Moreover, DI inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. We further assessed DI's therapeutic potential in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) murine model. The results revealed that DI attenuated CIA, as evidenced by significantly lowered clinical scores of arthritis, alleviated joint swelling, and mitigated bone destruction. Moreover, we elucidated the underlying mechanism by which DI increased the population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and suppressed the proliferation of induced T cells. Collectively, these findings suggested that DI potentially ameliorated RA by inducing immunosuppressive MDSCs. The study provides key observations on RA pathogenesis and may contribute to developing novel therapeutic strategies for this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delai Xu
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 21500, China.
| | | | - Yueyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Cunjin Su
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
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11
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Tang Z, Mao Y, Ruan P, Li J, Qiu X, Meng Y, Wang M, Wu G, Wang L, Tan Y. Drugs targeting CMPK2 inhibit pyroptosis to alleviate severe pneumonia caused by multiple respiratory viruses. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29643. [PMID: 38695269 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Severe pneumonia caused by respiratory viruses has become a major threat to humans, especially with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and epidemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the universal molecular mechanism of severe pneumonia induced by multiple respiratory viruses and to search for therapeutic strategies targeting this universal molecular mechanism. The common differential genes of four respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, influenza, and SARS-CoV-2, were screened by GEO database, and the hub gene was obtained by Sytohubba in Cytoscape. Then, the effect of hub genes on inflammasome and pyrodeath was investigated in the model of RSV infection in vitro and in vivo. Finally, through virtual screening, drugs targeting the hub gene were obtained, which could alleviate severe viral pneumonia in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that CMPK2 is one of the hub genes after infection by four respiratory viruses. CMPK2 activates the inflammasome by activating NLRP3, and promotes the releases of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to induce severe viral pneumonia. Z25 and Z08 can reduce the expression level of CMPK2 mRNA and protein, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 and alleviating the development of severe viral pneumonia. In conclusion, the inflammatory response mediated by CMPK2 is the common molecular mechanism of severe pneumonia induced by viral infection, and Z25 and Z08 can effectively alleviate viral infection and severe pneumonia through this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pinglang Ruan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangjie Qiu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hadiloo K, Taremi S, Safa SH, Amidifar S, Esmaeilzadeh A. The new era of immunological treatment, last updated and future consideration of CAR T cell-based drugs. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107158. [PMID: 38599467 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is one of the fundamental challenges in clinical setting, especially in relapsed/refractory malignancies. The novel immunotherapy-based treatments bring new hope in cancer therapy and achieve various treatment successes. One of the distinguished ways of cancer immunotherapy is adoptive cell therapy, which utilizes genetically modified immune cells against cancer cells. Between different methods in ACT, the chimeric antigen receptor T cells have more investigation and introduced a promising way to treat cancer patients. This technology progressed until it introduced six US Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR T cell-based drugs. These drugs act against hematological malignancies appropriately and achieve exciting results, so they have been utilized widely in cell therapy clinics. In this review, we introduce all CAR T cells-approved drugs based on their last data and investigate them from all aspects of pharmacology, side effects, and compressional. Also, the efficacy of drugs, pre- and post-treatment steps, and expected side effects are introduced, and the challenges and new solutions in CAR T cell therapy are in the last speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Hadiloo
- Department of immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran; School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Siavash Taremi
- Department of immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran; School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Salar Hozhabri Safa
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sima Amidifar
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran; Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Pantovic SM, Roganovic MB, Slavic VG, Zvizdojevic JM. Laboratory features of effects of peloidotherapy and aromatherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:855-860. [PMID: 38311644 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Peloidotherapy and aromatherapy have been used for years in the treatment of numerous inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The exact mechanism of their action in RA is unclear. The goal of our research is to determine the effect of peloidotherapy and aromatherapy on inflammation parameters in RA patients. Our study included 20 patients of both sexes, with confirmed diagnosis of RA, older than 18 years. Patients were treated during 28 days with combination of peloidotherapy and aromatherapy. Serum samples for detection of levels of inflammation parameters were taken at two intervals: before the start of therapy and at the end of treatment. The results of our study show that there were no significant changes in the parameters of the complete blood count. Nevertheless, a statistically significant decrease in the serum concentration of two markers of inflammation-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitrogen-oxide (NO)-was detected. Correlation analyses results say that there is a synchronized drop in the serum concentrations of CRP and the sedimentation rate, and the serum concentrations of fibrinogen and IL-6 are in the same relationship as well as serum levels of IL-6 and NO. Bearing in mind the importance of IL-6 and NO in the pathogenesis of inflammation in RA, we conclude that the application of our therapeutic protocol can be a significant add-on treatment to classic immunomodulators. Due to the small number of study participants, the lack of a control group, and the short follow-up time of patients, additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana M Pantovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Krusevac Bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro.
| | | | - Vjeroslava G Slavic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Krusevac Bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
- Institute for Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Rheumatology "Dr Simo Milosevic", Sava Ilica 5, 85347, Igalo, Herceg Novi, Montenegro
| | - Jelena M Zvizdojevic
- Scientific Research Institution Damar, Crnogorskih Serdara Bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
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Wang M, Li W, Wang H, Song P. Development and validation of machine learning-based models for predicting healthcare-associated bacterial/fungal infections among COVID-19 inpatients: a retrospective cohort study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2024; 13:42. [PMID: 38616284 PMCID: PMC11017584 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-024-01392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 and bacterial/fungal coinfections have posed significant challenges to human health. However, there is a lack of good tools for predicting coinfection risk to aid clinical work. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the risk factors for bacterial/fungal coinfection among COVID-19 patients and to develop machine learning models to estimate the risk of coinfection. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled adult inpatients confirmed with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital between January 1 and July 31, 2023, in China and collected baseline information at admission. All the data were randomly divided into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 7:3. We developed the generalized linear and random forest models for coinfections in the training set and assessed the performance of the models in the testing set. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical applicability. RESULTS A total of 1244 patients were included in the training cohort with 62 healthcare-associated bacterial/fungal infections, while 534 were included in the testing cohort with 22 infections. We found that patients with comorbidities (diabetes, neurological disease) were at greater risk for coinfections than were those without comorbidities (OR = 2.78, 95%CI = 1.61-4.86; OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.11-3.35). An indwelling central venous catheter or urinary catheter was also associated with an increased risk (OR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39-4.64; OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.24-4.27) of coinfections. Patients with PCT > 0.5 ng/ml were 2.03 times (95%CI = 1.41-3.82) more likely to be infected. Interestingly, the risk of coinfection was also greater in patients with an IL-6 concentration < 10 pg/ml (OR = 1.69, 95%CI = 0.97-2.94). Patients with low baseline creatinine levels had a decreased risk of bacterial/fungal coinfections(OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.22-0.71). The generalized linear and random forest models demonstrated favorable receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.80-0.94; ROC = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.82-0.93) with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.86vs0.75, 0.82vs0.86, 0.87vs0.74, respectively. The corresponding calibration evaluation P statistics were 0.883 and 0.769. CONCLUSIONS Our machine learning models achieved strong predictive ability and may be effective clinical decision-support tools for identifying COVID-19 patients at risk for bacterial/fungal coinfection and guiding antibiotic administration. The levels of cytokines, such as IL-6, may affect the status of bacterial/fungal coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Medical Big Data, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China
| | - Peixin Song
- Department of Infection Management, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, China.
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15
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Wu S, Liao G, Mao J, Yan H, Chen J, Peng J. Factors Associated with Mortality Among Severe Omicron Patients for COVID-19. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1309-1319. [PMID: 38585415 PMCID: PMC10999197 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s450504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the study was to explore the potential risk factors of mortality in patients with severe pneumonia during the omicron pandemic in South China in 2022. Methods Clinical data was collected from patients hospitalized with omicron COVID-19. Then, patients were categorized into the non-survival and survival groups. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to analyze the factors associated with negative outcome in individuals suffering from severe omicron COVID-19. Results In this study, 155 severe COVID-19 patients were included, comprising 55 non-survivors and 100 survivors. Non-survivors, in comparison to survivors, exhibited elevated levels of various biomarkers including neutrophil count, hypersensitive troponin T, urea, creatinine, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, plasma D-dimer, and derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) (P < 0.05). They also displayed reduced lymphocyte count, platelet count, and albumin levels (P < 0.05) and were more prone to developing comorbidities, including shock, acute cardiac and renal injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, coagulation disorders, and secondary infections. Platelet count (PLT) <100 × 10^/L, interleukin-6 (IL-6) >100 pg/mL, and dNLR >5.0 independently contributed to the risk of death in patients suffering from severe COVID-19. Conclusion PLT, IL-6, and dNRL independently contributed to the risk of mortality in patients with severe pneumonia during the 2022 omicron pandemic in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guichan Liao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingchun Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiming Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Qian H, Yang X, Zhang T, Zou P, Zhang Y, Tian W, Mao Z, Wei J. Improving the safety of CAR-T-cell therapy: The risk and prevention of viral infection for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma undergoing CAR-T-cell therapy. Am J Hematol 2024; 99:662-678. [PMID: 38197307 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, an innovative immunotherapeutic against relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma, faces challenges due to frequent viral infections. Despite this, a comprehensive review addressing risk assessment, surveillance, and treatment management is notably absent. This review elucidates immune response compromises during viral infections in CAR-T recipients, collates susceptibility risk factors, and deliberates on preventive strategies. In the post-pandemic era, marked by the Omicron variant, new and severe threats to CAR-T therapy emerge, necessitating exploration of preventive and treatment measures for COVID-19. Overall, the review provides recommendations for viral infection prophylaxis and management, enhancing CAR-T product safety and recipient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Qian
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingcheng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Hematology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Sino-German Joint Oncological Research Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- Department of Hematology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Sino-German Joint Oncological Research Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zekai Mao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Hematology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Sino-German Joint Oncological Research Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China
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Swaroop AK, Negi P, Kar A, Mariappan E, Natarajan J, Namboori P K K, Selvaraj J. Navigating IL-6: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic breakthroughs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 76:48-76. [PMID: 38220583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This concise review navigates the intricate realm of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an important member of the cytokine family. Beginning with an introduction to cytokines, this narrative review unfolds with the historical journey of IL-6, illuminating its evolving significance. A crucial section unravels the three distinct signaling modes employed by IL-6, providing a foundational understanding of its versatile interactions within cellular landscapes. Moving deeper, the review meticulously dissects IL-6's signaling mechanisms, unraveling the complexities of its pleiotropic effects in both physiological responses and pathological conditions. A significant focus is dedicated to the essential role IL-6 plays in inflammatory diseases, offering insights into its associations and implications for various health conditions. The review also takes a therapeutic turn by exploring the emergence of anti-IL-6 monoclonal inhibitors, marking a profound stride in treatment modalities. Diving into the molecular realm, the review explores small molecules as agents for IL-6 inhibition, providing a nuanced perspective on diverse intervention strategies. As the review embarks on the final chapters, it contemplates future aspects, offering glimpses into potential research trajectories and the evolving landscape of IL-6-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akey Krishna Swaroop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preeya Negi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayushi Kar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Esakkimuthukumar Mariappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jawahar Natarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Namboori P K
- Amrita Molecular Modeling and Synthesis (AMMAS) Research lab, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Amrita Nagar, Ettimadai, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jubie Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India.
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18
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Wang M, Chen L, He J, Xia W, Ye Z, She J. Structural insights into IL-6 signaling inhibition by therapeutic antibodies. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113819. [PMID: 38393945 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody inhibitors of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathway, such as tocilizumab and sarilumab, have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, chimeric antigen receptor T cell-induced cytokine storm, and severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Here, we solve the cryogenic electron microscopy structures of sarilumab and tocilizumab in complex with IL-6R to resolutions of 3.2 and 3.3 Å, respectively. These structures reveal that both tocilizumab and sarilumab bind to the D3 domain of IL-6R. The binding surfaces of the two antibodies largely overlap, but the detailed interactions are different. Functional studies of various mutants show results consistent with our structural analysis of the antibodies and IL-6R interactions. Structural comparisons with the IL-6/IL-6R/gp130 complex indicate that sarilumab and tocilizumab probably inhibit IL-6/IL-6R signaling by competing for the IL-6 binding site. In summary, this work reveals the antibody-blocking mechanism of the IL-6 signaling pathway and paves the way for future antibody discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Long Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Jin He
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Wenqiang Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ji She
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China.
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Huecksteadt TP, Myers EJ, Aamodt SE, Trivedi S, Warren KJ. An Evaluation of Type 1 Interferon Related Genes in Male and Female-Matched, SARS-CoV-2 Infected Individuals Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Viruses 2024; 16:472. [PMID: 38543837 PMCID: PMC10975322 DOI: 10.3390/v16030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has claimed just over 1.1 million lives in the US since 2020. Globally, the SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection spread to 771 million people and caused mortality in 6.9 million individuals to date. Much of the early literature showed that SARS-CoV-2 immunity was defective in the early stages of the pandemic, leading to heightened and, sometimes, chronic inflammatory responses in the lungs. This lung-associated 'cytokine storm' or 'cytokine release syndrome' led to the need for oxygen supplementation, respiratory distress syndrome, and mechanical ventilation in a relatively high number of people. In this study, we evaluated circulating PBMC from non-hospitalized, male and female, COVID-19+ individuals over the course of infection, from the day of diagnosis (day 0) to one-week post diagnosis (day 7), and finally 4 weeks after diagnosis (day 28). In our early studies, we included hospitalized and critically care patient PBMC; however, most of these individuals were lymphopenic, which limited our assessments of their immune integrity. We chose a panel of 30 interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) to evaluate by PCR and completed flow analysis for immune populations present in those PBMC. Lastly, we assessed immune activation by stimulating PBMC with common TLR ligands. We identified changes in innate cells, primarily the innate lymphoid cells (ILC, NK cells) and adaptive immune cells (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) over this time course of infection. We found that the TLR-7 agonist, Resiquimod, and the TLR-4 ligand, LPS, induced significantly better IFNα and IFNγ responses in the later phase (day 28) of SARS-CoV-2 infection in those non-hospitalized COVID-19+ individuals as compared to early infection (day 0 and day 7). We concluded that TLR-7 and TLR-4 agonists may be effective adjuvants in COVID-19 vaccines for mounting immunity that is long-lasting against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom P. Huecksteadt
- Salt Lake City VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; (T.P.H.); (E.J.M.); (S.E.A.); (S.T.)
| | - Elizabeth J. Myers
- Salt Lake City VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; (T.P.H.); (E.J.M.); (S.E.A.); (S.T.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Samuel E. Aamodt
- Salt Lake City VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; (T.P.H.); (E.J.M.); (S.E.A.); (S.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Shubhanshi Trivedi
- Salt Lake City VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; (T.P.H.); (E.J.M.); (S.E.A.); (S.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Kristi J. Warren
- Salt Lake City VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; (T.P.H.); (E.J.M.); (S.E.A.); (S.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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20
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Royaei M, Tahoori MT, Bardania H, Shams A, Dehghan A. Amelioration of inflammation through reduction of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis by treating fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) with DMF-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111617. [PMID: 38309093 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition, and Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is known for inducing antioxidant enzymes and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) contribute to joint damage by releasing interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) in response to ROS. Given ROS's impact on FLS acquiring an invasive phenotype, our study explored the effects of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles containing DMF on the expression of the HO-1 enzyme and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in FLS cells. METHODS In this study, we evaluated and compared the impact of Free-DMF and PLGA-DMF, on the gene expression of the HO-1 and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) in FLS cells derived from 13 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. qRT-PCR method was used to quantify the gene expression levels. RESULTS PLGA-DMF nanoparticles demonstrated a significant increase in HO-1 expression and a significant decrease in IL-1β gene expression. Also, a significant decrease in IL-6 gene expression was seen under the effect of Free-DMF. These results indicate the potential effectiveness of PLGA-DMF nanoparticles in reducing inflammation and improving rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. DISCUSSION According to the findings, PLGA-DMF nanoparticles are expected to be effective in reducing inflammation and improving the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Also, further studies on other factors affected by oxidative stress such as cell invasion factors and survival factors after the effect of PLGA-DMF nanoparticle are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Royaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Tahoori
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran; Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Hassan Bardania
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Sajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Ali Shams
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Dehghan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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21
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In II, Deng W. Construction and validation of a diagnostic model for rheumatoid arthritis based on mitochondrial autophagy-related genes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24818. [PMID: 38327427 PMCID: PMC10847616 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with an increased risk of disability. Due to its slow progression, timely diagnosis and treatment during the early stages can effectively decelerate disease advancement. Consequently, there is a pressing need to investigate additional biomarkers and therapeutic targets relevant to RA diagnosis. Mitochondrial autophagy, a biological process that regulates the quantity of mitochondria, is intricately linked to the development of tumor diseases. However, the role of autophagy in RA remains unclear. To address this, transcriptome data from the GEO database were collected for RA and its controls and subjected to differential expression analysis. The differentially expressed genes obtained were then intersected with mitochondrial autophagy-related genes. Subsequently, the overlapping genes were further intersected with genes from critical modules obtained through the weighted co-expression network algorithm. Diagnostic genes were identified, and diagnostic models were constructed for the resulting genes using the random forest and LASSO algorithms. The model achieved an AUC of 0.916 in the GSE93272 dataset and 0.951 in the GSE17755 dataset. Additionally, qPCR experiments were conducted on the diagnostic genes. Finally, we explored the correlation between the abundance of immune cell infiltration and diagnostic genes, constructing a drug-gene interaction network. The diagnostic genes identified in this study can serve as a reference for early diagnosis and the discovery of therapeutic targets in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iong Iok In
- Department of Rheumatology, Kiang Wu Hospital, Rua de Coelho do Amaral 60–70, Macao, SAR, China
| | - Weiming Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466 Xingang Middle Road, Guangdong, China
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22
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Liu Y, Yin X, Xu D, Lv Y, Zhu L, Yang M, Yao Q, Jin J, Huang L, Meng H, You L. When idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease meets COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective study from China. Ther Adv Hematol 2024; 15:20406207241229584. [PMID: 38357251 PMCID: PMC10865777 DOI: 10.1177/20406207241229584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare and cytokine storm-driven inflammatory disorder. The exact cause of iMCD is still unknown, although several hypotheses have been proposed. However, regardless of the underlying cause, the ultimate result is the activation of the inflammatory pathway, which can lead to damage in multiple organs. Currently, there have been several reports highlighting the intricate link between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and iMCD. To better understand the impact of COVID-19-induced immune storm on iMCD, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study in three hospitals in China. A total of 28 patients with iMCD were included, among whom 25 had confirmed COVID-19 infection, and we presented 4 cases that showed different disease progression after the infection of COVID-19, including 2 who did not receive any treatment for Castleman disease before. Our findings underscore the necessity of carefully monitoring iMCD patients with COVID-19 and promptly intervening to address any changes in their condition. Besides, this study also summarized the shared cytokines between COVID-19 and iMCD. Recent studies have shown promising results in treating severe COVID-19 and iMCD using tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist. Therefore, it suggests that other potential cytokine storm therapy targets that have been effective in COVID-19 may also be explored for the treatment of iMCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Yin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Xu
- The Second Hospital of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Lv
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiumei Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- People’s Republic of China Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 321099, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haitao Meng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- People’s Republic of China Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangshun You
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Hematology Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- People’s Republic of China Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Fu H, Guo Y, Fang W, Wang J, Hu P, Shi J. Anti-Acidification and Immune Regulation by Nano-Ceria-Loaded Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307094. [PMID: 38064119 PMCID: PMC10853726 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease featuring an abnormal immune microenvironment and resultant accumulation of hydrogen ions (H+ ) produced by activated osteoclasts (OCs). Currently, clinic RA therapy can hardly achieve sustained or efficient therapeutic outcomes due to the failures in generating sufficient immune modulation and manipulating the accumulation of H+ that deteriorates bone damage. Herein, a highly effective immune modulatory nanocatalytic platform, nanoceria-loaded magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxide (LDH-CeO2 ), is proposed for enhanced immune modulation based on acid neutralization and metal ion inherent bioactivity. Specifically, the mild alkaline LDH initiates significant M2 repolarization of macrophages triggered by the elevated antioxidation effect of CeO2 via neutralizing excessive H+ in RA microenvironment, thus resulting in the efficient recruitment of regulatory T cell (Treg) and suppressions on T helper 17 cell (Th 17) and plasma cells. Moreover, the osteogenic activity is stimulated by the Mg ion released from LDH, thereby promoting the damaged bone healing. The encouraging therapeutic outcomes in adjuvant-induced RA model mice demonstrate the high feasibility of such a therapeutic concept, which provides a novel and efficient RA therapeutic modality by the immune modulatory and bone-repairing effects of inorganic nanocatalytic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Yuedong Guo
- Platform of Nanomedicine TranslationShanghai Tenth People's HospitalMedical School of Tongji University38 Yun‐xin RoadShanghai200435P. R. China
| | - Wenming Fang
- Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
- Platform of Nanomedicine TranslationShanghai Tenth People's HospitalMedical School of Tongji University38 Yun‐xin RoadShanghai200435P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
- Platform of Nanomedicine TranslationShanghai Tenth People's HospitalMedical School of Tongji University38 Yun‐xin RoadShanghai200435P. R. China
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24
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Chasov V, Zmievskaya E, Ganeeva I, Gilyazova E, Davletshin D, Khaliulin M, Kabwe E, Davidyuk YN, Valiullina A, Rizvanov A, Bulatov E. Immunotherapy Strategy for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Betting on CAR-T Cells and Antibodies. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38390871 PMCID: PMC10885098 DOI: 10.3390/antib13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAIDs), such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are fully related to the unregulated innate and adaptive immune systems involved in their pathogenesis. They have similar pathogenic characteristics, including the interferon signature, loss of tolerance to self-nuclear antigens, and enhanced tissue damage like necrosis and fibrosis. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, which have limited specificity and are prone to tolerance, are used as the first-line therapy. A plethora of novel immunotherapies have been developed, including monoclonal and bispecific antibodies, and other biological agents to target cellular and soluble factors involved in disease pathogenesis, such as B cells, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokines or their receptors, and signaling molecules. Many of these have shown encouraging results in clinical trials. CAR-T cell therapy is considered the most promising technique for curing autoimmune diseases, with recent successes in the treatment of SLE and SSc. Here, we overview novel therapeutic approaches based on CAR-T cells and antibodies for targeting systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zmievskaya
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Irina Ganeeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marat Khaliulin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yuriy N Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aygul Valiullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Hargarten JC, Ssebambulidde K, Anjum SH, Vaughan MJ, Xu J, Song B, Ganguly A, Park YD, Scott T, Hammoud DA, Olszewski MA, Williamson PR. JAK/STAT Signaling Predominates in Human and Murine Fungal Post-infectious Inflammatory Response Syndrome. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.18.24301483. [PMID: 38293201 PMCID: PMC10827263 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.18.24301483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Post-infection inflammatory syndromes have been increasingly recognized as a cause of host damage in a variety of infectious diseases including tuberculosis, bacterial meningitis, and COVID-19. Recently, a post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (PIIRS) was described in non-HIV-infected cryptococcal fungal meningoencephalitis (CM) as a major cause of mortality. Inflammatory syndromes are particularly severe in neurological infections due to the skull's rigid structure which limits unchecked tissue expansion from inflammatory-induced edema. In the present studies, neurologic transcriptional pathway analysis utilizing a murine PIIRS model demonstrated a predominance of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) activation. JAK/STAT inhibitor treatment resulted in improvements in CNS damage markers, reductions in intrathecal CD44hiCD62lo CD4+ effector CD4+ T-cells and MHC II+ inflammatory myeloid cells, and weight gains in mice, the latter after treatment with antifungals. Based on these data, pathway-driven steroid-sparing human treatment for steroid-refractory PIIRS was initiated using short courses of the JAK/STAT inhibitor ruxolitinib. These were well tolerated and reduced activated HLA-DR+ CD4+ and CD8+ cells and inflammatory monocytes as well as improved brain imaging. Together, these findings support the role of JAK/STAT in PIIRS as well as further study of JAK/STAT inhibitors as potential adjunctive therapy for PIRS and other neural inflammatory syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Hargarten
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Ssebambulidde
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Seher H. Anjum
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Malcolm J. Vaughan
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jintao Xu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian Song
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anutosh Ganguly
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yoon-dong Park
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terri Scott
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dima A. Hammoud
- Center for Infectious Disease Imaging (CIDI), Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michal A. Olszewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter R. Williamson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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26
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Zeng L, Yu G, Yang K, He Q, Hao W, Xiang W, Long Z, Chen H, Tang X, Sun L. Exploring the mechanism of Celastrol in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on systems pharmacology and multi-omics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1604. [PMID: 38238321 PMCID: PMC10796403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the molecular network mechanism of Celastrol in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on a novel strategy (integrated systems pharmacology, proteomics, transcriptomics and single-cell transcriptomics). Firstly, the potential targets of Celastrol and RA genes were predicted through the database, and the Celastrol-RA targets were obtained by taking the intersection. Then, transcriptomic data and proteomic data of Celastrol treatment of RA were collected. Subsequently, Celastrol-RA targets, differentially expressed genes, and differentially expressed proteins were imported into Metascape for enrichment analysis, and related networks were constructed. Finally, the core targets of Celastrol-RA targets, differentially expressed genes, and differentially expressed proteins were mapped to synoviocytes of RA mice to find potential cell populations for Celastrol therapy. A total of 195 Celastrol-RA targets, 2068 differential genes, 294 differential proteins were obtained. The results of enrichment analysis showed that these targets, genes and proteins were mainly related to extracellular matrix organization, TGF-β signaling pathway, etc. The results of single cell sequencing showed that the main clusters of these targets, genes, and proteins could be mapped to RA synovial cells. For example, Mmp9 was mainly distributed in Hematopoietic cells, especially in Ptprn+fibroblast. The results of molecular docking also suggested that Celastrol could stably combine with molecules predicted by network pharmacology. In conclusion, this study used systems pharmacology, transcriptomics, proteomics, single-cell transcriptomics to reveal that Celastrol may regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by regulating key targets such as TNF and IL6, and then play an immune regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wensa Hao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, China
| | - Zhiyong Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
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Kang S, Onishi S, Ling Z, Inoue H, Zhang Y, Chang H, Zhao H, Wang T, Okuzaki D, Matsuura H, Takamatsu H, Oda J, Kishimoto T. Gp130-HIF1α axis-induced vascular damage is prevented by the short-term inhibition of IL-6 receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315898120. [PMID: 38165930 PMCID: PMC10786312 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315898120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Protection against endothelial damage is recognized as a frontline approach to preventing the progression of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that interleukin-6 (IL-6) promotes vascular endothelial damage during CRS, although the molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Targeting IL-6 receptor signaling delays CRS progression; however, current options are limited by persistent inhibition of the immune system. Here, we show that endothelial IL-6 trans-signaling promoted vascular damage and inflammatory responses via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α)-induced glycolysis. Using pharmacological inhibitors targeting HIF1α activity or mice with the genetic ablation of gp130 in the endothelium, we found that inhibition of IL-6R (IL-6 receptor)-HIF1α signaling in endothelial cells protected against vascular injury caused by septic damage and provided survival benefit in a mouse model of sepsis. In addition, we developed a short half-life anti-IL-6R antibody (silent anti-IL-6R antibody) and found that it was highly effective at augmenting survival for sepsis and severe burn by strengthening the endothelial glycocalyx and reducing cytokine storm, and vascular leakage. Together, our data advance the role of endothelial IL-6 trans-signaling in the progression of CRS and indicate a potential therapeutic approach for burns and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kang
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Immune Regulation, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinya Onishi
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Zhenzhen Ling
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitomi Inoue
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Next Generation-Sequencing Core Facility, Bioinformatics Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Clinical Research Center for Autoimmune Disease, Osaka Minami Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Kawachinagano, Osaka586-8521, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadamitsu Kishimoto
- Department of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Immune Regulation, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
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Di Cola I, Ruscitti P. The latest advances in the use of biological DMARDs to treat Still's disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:63-75. [PMID: 38284774 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2307340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, the therapeutic management of Still's disease, a multisystemic inflammatory rare disorder, is directed to target the inflammatory symptoms and signs of patients. The treatment varies from glucocorticoids to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), both conventional synthetic and biological (bDMARDs). Usually, in refractory patients, bDMARDs are administered. AREAS COVERED Among bDMARDs, IL-1 and IL-6 inhibitors are frequently used, as data reported from both clinical trials and 'real-life' experiences. Recently, innovative therapeutic strategies have suggested an early administration of bDMARDs to increase the rate of clinical response and drug-free remission. Some new targets have been also proposed targeting IL-18, IFN-γ, and JAK/STAT pathway, which could be applied to Still's disease and its life-threatening evolution. EXPERT OPINION Many lines of evidence improved the knowledge about the therapeutic management of Still's disease with bDMARDs. However, many unmet needs may be still highlighted which could provide the basis to arrange further specific research in increasing the rate of clinical response. In fact, Still's disease remains a highly heterogeneous disease suggesting possible diverse underlying pathogenic mechanisms, at least partially, and consequent different therapeutic strategies. A better patient stratification may help in arranging specific studies to improve the long-term outcome of Still's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Di Cola
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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29
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Boes M, Falter-Braun P. Long-COVID-19: the persisting imprint of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the innate immune system. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:460. [PMID: 38097574 PMCID: PMC10721820 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Boes
- Center for Translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center (MTTC), Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Microbe-Host Interactions, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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30
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Sun Z, Shao H, Liu H, Ma L. Anemia in elderly rheumatoid arthritis patients: a cohort study. Arch Med Sci 2023; 20:457-463. [PMID: 38757043 PMCID: PMC11094838 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/172443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anemia is common in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to evaluate the current status and influencing factors of anemia in RA patients, to provide insights for clinical RA treatment and care. Material and methods This study included elderly patients with high RA activity treated in our hospital from June 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022 for analysis. The characteristics of RA patients were analyzed. Pearson correlation and logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the influencing factors of anemia in elderly patients with RA. Results A total of 285 RA patients were included. The incidence of anemia in high RA activity patients was 62.46%. There were significant differences in the course of RA, hemoglobin (Hb), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), platelet/lymphocyte rate (PLR) and albumin (Alb) between RA patients with anemia and without anemia (all p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that course of RA (r = 0.522), Hb (r = 0.797), LDL-C (r = 0.558), PLR (r = 0.615) and Alb (r = 0.604) were correlated with anemia in patients with high RA activity (all p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that course of RA ≥ 8 years (OR = 2.584, 95% CI: 1.822-3.647), LDL-C ≤ 2.8 mmol/l (OR = 3.202, 95% CI: 2.804-3.431), PLR ≥ 8 (OR = 2.183, 95% CI: 1.744-2.457), Alb ≤ 35 g/l (OR = 1.716, 95% CI: 1.401-2.006) were the risk factors of anemia in elderly patients with high RA activity (all p < 0.05). Conclusions Anemia in elderly patients with high RA activity is closely related to the course of RA, LDL-C, PLR and Alb. Close attention should be paid to the monitoring of those indicators to take early intervention measures to improve the prognosis of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjuan Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang/The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyan Shao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang/The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huijie Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang/The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linxiao Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang/The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
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31
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Rose-John S, Jenkins BJ, Garbers C, Moll JM, Scheller J. Targeting IL-6 trans-signalling: past, present and future prospects. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:666-681. [PMID: 37069261 PMCID: PMC10108826 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key immunomodulatory cytokine that affects the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions and cancer. Classical IL-6 signalling involves the binding of IL-6 to the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor α-subunit (hereafter termed 'mIL-6R') and glycoprotein 130 (gp130) signal-transducing subunit. By contrast, in IL-6 trans-signalling, complexes of IL-6 and the soluble form of IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) signal via membrane-bound gp130. A third mode of IL-6 signalling - known as cluster signalling - involves preformed complexes of membrane-bound IL-6-mIL-6R on one cell activating gp130 subunits on target cells. Antibodies and small molecules have been developed that block all three forms of IL-6 signalling, but in the past decade, IL-6 trans-signalling has emerged as the predominant pathway by which IL-6 promotes disease pathogenesis. The first selective inhibitor of IL-6 trans-signalling, sgp130, has shown therapeutic potential in various preclinical models of disease and olamkicept, a sgp130Fc variant, had promising results in phase II clinical studies for inflammatory bowel disease. Technological developments have already led to next-generation sgp130 variants with increased affinity and selectivity towards IL-6 trans-signalling, along with indirect strategies to block IL-6 trans-signalling. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the biological outcomes of IL-6-mediated signalling and the potential for targeting this pathway in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rose-John
- Biochemical Institute, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC:I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Engelhart MJ, Glowacki RWP, Till JM, Harding CV, Martens EC, Ahern PP. The NQR Complex Regulates the Immunomodulatory Function of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:767-781. [PMID: 37486212 PMCID: PMC10527448 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome and intestinal immune system are engaged in a dynamic interplay that provides myriad benefits to host health. However, the microbiome can also elicit damaging inflammatory responses, and thus establishing harmonious immune-microbiome interactions is essential to maintain homeostasis. Gut microbes actively coordinate the induction of anti-inflammatory responses that establish these mutualistic interactions. Despite this, the microbial pathways that govern this dialogue remain poorly understood. We investigated the mechanisms through which the gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron exerts its immunomodulatory functions on murine- and human-derived cells. Our data reveal that B. thetaiotaomicron stimulates production of the cytokine IL-10 via secreted factors that are packaged into outer membrane vesicles, in a TLR2- and MyD88-dependent manner. Using a transposon mutagenesis-based screen, we identified a key role for the B. thetaiotaomicron-encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NQR) complex, which regenerates NAD+ during respiration, in this process. Finally, we found that disruption of NQR reduces the capacity of B. thetaiotaomicron to induce IL-10 by impairing biogenesis of outer membrane vesicles. These data identify a microbial pathway with a previously unappreciated role in gut microbe-mediated immunomodulation that may be targeted to manipulate the capacity of the microbiome to shape host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan J. Engelhart
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Robert W. P. Glowacki
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jessica M. Till
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Clifford V. Harding
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric C. Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Philip P. Ahern
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Li H, Song W, Wu J, Shi Z, Gao Y, Li J, Han L, Zhang J, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang M. CAR-T cells targeting CD38 and LMP1 exhibit robust antitumour activity against NK/T cell lymphoma. BMC Med 2023; 21:330. [PMID: 37649020 PMCID: PMC10470138 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an aggressive lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor-transduced T (CAR-T) cell therapy has become a promising immunotherapeutic strategy against haematologic malignancies. METHODS In this study, four CAR-T cell lines (CD38-CAR, LMP1-CAR, CD38-LMP1 tandem CAR 1 and CD38-LMP1 tandem CAR 2) were generated. The effect of CAR-T cells against NKTCL cells was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Expression of T cell activation markers and cytokines produced by CAR-T cells were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The four CAR-T cell lines could effectively eliminate malignant NKTCL cells. They could be activated and produce inflammatory cytokines in a target-dependent manner. In vivo tests showed that the CAR-T cells exhibited significant antitumour effects in a xenotransplanted NKTCL mouse model. CONCLUSIONS In summary, four CAR-T cell lines exhibited significant cytotoxicity against NKTCL cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated the effective therapeutic promise of CD38 and LMP1 CAR-T cells in NKTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Li
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenting Song
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiazhuo Wu
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuyang Gao
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jianxiang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jianshendong Rd., The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Chen J, Sun N, Li F, Li H, Tian J, Zheng S, Zhang L, Wang H, Luo Y. Carnosol Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Th17-Mediated Immunity and Favoring Suppressive Activity of Regulatory T Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:1179973. [PMID: 37415927 PMCID: PMC10322527 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1179973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches are incurable for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper cells (Th1 and Th17) are crucial in controlling the process of RA, which is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and bone destruction. Carnosol is an orthodiphenolic diterpene that has been extensively applied in traditional medicine for the treatment of multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Herein, we indicate that administration of carnosol dramatically alleviated the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model with a decreased clinical score and inflammation reduction. Cellular mechanistically, carnosol inhibits the Th17 cell differentiation and maintains Treg cell suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, it also restrains Treg cells from transdifferentiation into Th17 cells under inflammatory milieu. Furthermore, carnosol modulates the function of Th17 and Treg cells possibly via limiting IL-6R (CD126) expression. Collectively, our results suggest that carnosol can alleviate the severity of CIA via hiding Th17 cell differentiation and maintain the stability of Treg cells. Administration of carnosol can be applied as a potential therapy for patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- The Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Nianzhe Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Fuhan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Haolin Li
- Rheumatic Bone Disease Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Jiale Tian
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Songguo Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Rheumatic Bone Disease Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
| | - Yang Luo
- The Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu, China
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Li X, Yan D, Liao M, Zhang L, Li Z, Liu B, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li L. Effect of fluvoxamine on plasma interleukin-6 in patients with major depressive disorder: a prospective follow-up study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1163754. [PMID: 37304432 PMCID: PMC10247978 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1163754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with low-grade inflammation, and anti-inflammatory treatment can help improve depressive symptoms. A recent study found that fluvoxamine (FLV) can reduce Interleukin-6 (IL-6) production via sigma-1 receptor in inflammation models. However, the anti- IL-6 effect of FLV in treating patients with MDD and whether it can contribute to antidepressant effects remain unclear. Methods A total of 65 patients with MDD and 34 healthy controls were recruited at baseline, and 50 patients completed the FLV treatment for 2 months. We assessed depression and anhedonia and collected plasma IL-6 levels at baseline, 1 month, and 2 months after baseline. This study evaluated the changes in clinical measures and IL-6 during treatment and analyzed their association. Further subgroup analyses were conducted in patients with MDD with high, medium, or low IL-6. Results Depression and anhedonia were significantly improved in patients with MDD, while the IL-6 did not significantly change after the FLV treatment. However, IL-6 significantly declined after the FLV treatment among patients with MDD with higher baseline IL-6. No significant associations were found between the changes in depressive symptoms and IL-6. Conclusion Our study provided preliminary evidence suggesting that the anti-IL-6 effect of FLV might not play a vital role in its antidepressant treatment, at least in patients with MDD with low inflammation. However, for patients with MDD with higher IL-6, FLV can help reduce IL-6 significantly in the antidepressant treatment, which may help guide the individual treatment of MDD with higher IL-6 levels. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04160377, identifier NCT04160377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danfeng Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - ZeXuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - LingJiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Xu J, Zhou Z, Zheng Y, Yang S, Huang K, Li H. Roles of inflammasomes in viral myocarditis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1149911. [PMID: 37256114 PMCID: PMC10225676 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC), characterized by viral infection-induced inflammation, is a life-threatening disease associated with dilated cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Innate immunity plays a crucial role in the progression of inflammation, in which inflammasomes provide a platform for the secretion of cytokines and mediate pyroptosis. Inflammasomes are rising stars gaining increasing attention. The nucleotide oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome, and the caspase-11 inflammasome are three inflammasomes that were reported to affect the process and prognosis of VMC. These inflammasomes can be activated by a wide range of cellular events. Accumulating evidence has suggested that inflammasomes are involved in different stages of VMC, including the trigger and progression of myocardial injury and remodeling after infection. In this review, we summarized the pathways involving inflammasomes in VMC and discussed the potential therapies targeting inflammasomes and related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yidan Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sai Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Institution of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ferreira LB, Ashander LM, Appukuttan B, Ma Y, Williams KA, Best G, Smith JR. Human retinal endothelial cells express functional interleukin-6 receptor. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2023; 13:21. [PMID: 37097497 PMCID: PMC10130314 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-023-00341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-6 is an inflammatory cytokine present in the eye during non-infectious uveitis, where it contributes to the progression of inflammation. There are two major IL-6 signaling pathways: classic signaling and trans-signaling. Classic signaling requires cellular expression of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which exists in membrane-bound (mIL-6R) and soluble (sIL-6R) forms. Prevailing dogma is that vascular endothelial cells do not produce IL-6R, relying on trans-signaling during inflammation. However, the literature is inconsistent, including with respect to human retinal endothelial cells. FINDINGS We examined IL-6R transcript and protein expression in multiple primary human retinal endothelial cell isolates, and assessed the effect of IL-6 on the transcellular electrical resistance of monolayers. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, IL-6R, mIL-6R and sIL-6R transcripts were amplified in 6 primary human retinal endothelial isolates. Flow cytometry on 5 primary human retinal endothelial cell isolates under non-permeabilizing conditions and following permeabilization demonstrated intracellular stores of IL-6R and the presence of mIL-6R. When measured in real-time, transcellular electrical resistance of an expanded human retinal endothelial cell isolate, also shown to express IL-6R, decreased significantly on treatment with recombinant IL-6 in comparison to non-treated cells across 5 independent experiments. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that human retinal endothelial cells produce IL-6R transcript and functional IL-6R protein. The potential for classic signaling in human retinal endothelial cells has implications for the development of therapeutics targeted against IL-6-mediated pathology in non-infectious uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisia Barros Ferreira
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Liam M Ashander
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Binoy Appukuttan
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Yuefang Ma
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Keryn A Williams
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Giles Best
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Justine R Smith
- Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Medical Centre, Rm 4E-431, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.
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Meng M, Wu Y, Sha W, Zeng R, Luo D, Jiang R, Wu H, Zhuo Z, Yang Q, Li J, Leung FW, Duan C, Feng Y, Chen H. Associations of habitual glucosamine use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospital admission and death with COVID-19: Evidence from a large population based cohort study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28720. [PMID: 37185863 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a fundamental number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glucosamine was indicated to help prevent and control RNA virus infection preclinically, while its potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19-related outcomes are largely unknown. To assess the association of habitual glucosamine use with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, hospital admission, and mortality with COVID-19 in a large population based cohort. Participants from UK Biobank were reinvited between June and September 2021 to have SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. The associations between glucosamine use and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection were estimated by logistic regression. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for COVID-19-related outcomes were calculated using COX proportional hazards model. Furthermore, we carried out propensity-score matching (PSM) and stratified analyses. At baseline, 42 673 (20.7%) of the 205 704 participants reported as habitual glucosamine users. During median follow-up of 1.67 years, there were 15 299 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 4214 cases of COVID-19 hospital admission, and 1141 cases of COVID-19 mortality. The fully adjusted odds ratio of SARS-CoV-2 infection with glucosamine use was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92-1.01). The fully adjusted HR were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74-0.87) for hospital admission, and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.69-0.95) for mortality. The logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analyses after PSM yielded consistent results. Our study demonstrated that habitual glucosamine use is associated with reduced risks of hospital admission and death with COVID-19, but not the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongling Luo
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihuan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Felix W Leung
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chongyang Duan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
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Matsumoto C, Shibata S, Kishi T, Morimoto S, Mogi M, Yamamoto K, Kobayashi K, Tanaka M, Asayama K, Yamamoto E, Nakagami H, Hoshide S, Mukoyama M, Kario K, Node K, Rakugi H. Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:601-619. [PMID: 36575228 PMCID: PMC9793823 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects infected patients even after the acute phase and impairs their health and quality of life by causing a wide variety of symptoms, referred to as long COVID. Although the evidence is still insufficient, hypertension is suspected to be a potential risk factor for long COVID, and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases seems to be a key facet of multiple conditions observed in long COVID. Nonetheless, there are few reports that comprehensively review the impacts of long COVID on hypertension and related disorders. As a sequel to our previous report in 2020 which reviewed the association of COVID-19 and hypertension, we summarize the possible influences of long COVID on hypertension-related organs, including the cardiovascular system, kidney, and endocrine system, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the disorders in this review. Given that the clinical course of COVID-19 is highly affected by age and sex, we also review the impacts of these factors on long COVID. Lastly, we discuss areas of uncertainty and future directions, which may lead to better understanding and improved prognosis of clinical problems associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiology, Preventive medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kishi
- Department of Graduate School of Medicine (Cardiology), International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Kobayashi Internal Medicine Clinic, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masami Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adachi Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Determination of Heterogeneous Proteomic and Metabolomic Response in anti-TNF and anti-IL-6 Treatment of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020596. [PMID: 36836953 PMCID: PMC9964360 DOI: 10.3390/life13020596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduction in tumor necrosis factor (αTNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities is a widely utilized strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with a high success rate. Despite both schemes targeting the deprivation of inflammatory reactions caused by the excessive activity of cytokines, their mechanisms of action and the final output are still unequal. This was a comparative longitudinal study that lasted for 24 weeks and aimed to find the answer to why the two schemes of therapy can pass out of proportion in attitude of their efficiency. What are the differences in metabolic and proteomic responses among patients who were being treated by either the anti-TNF or anti-IL-6 strategy? We found increased levels of immunoglobulins A and G (more than 2-fold in anti-IL-6 and more than 4-5-fold in anti-TNF groups) at the final stage (24 weeks) of monitoring but the most profound increase was determined for µ-chains of immunoglobulins in both groups of study. Metabolomic changes displayed main alterations with regard to arginine metabolism and collagen maintenance, where arginine increased 8.86-fold (p < 0.001) in anti-TNF and 5.71-fold (p < 0.05) in anti-IL-6 groups but patients treated by the anti-TNF scheme suffered a higher depletion of arginine before the start of therapy. Some indicators of matrix and bone tissue degradation also increased 4-hydroxyproline (4-HP) more than 6-fold (p < 0.001) in anti-TNF and more than 2-fold (p < 0.05) in the anti-IL-6 group, but the growth dynamics in the anti-IL6 group was delayed (gradually raised at week 24) compared to the anti-TNF group (raised at week 12) following a smooth reduction. The ELISA analysis of IL-6 and TNFα concentration in the study population supported proteomic and metabolomic data. A positive correlation between ΔCDAI and ΔDAS28 indicators and ESR and CRP was established for the majority of patients after 24 weeks of treatment where ESR and CRP reduced by 20% and 40% finally, respectively. A regression model using the Forest Plot was estimated to elucidate the impact of the most significant clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric indicators for the evaluation of differences between considered anti-TNF and anti-IL-6 schemes of therapy.
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Abstract
The theory that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are immunosuppressive cells has prevailed throughout the past decade. However, recent high-throughput, high-resolution mesenchyme-directed single-cell studies have harnessed computational advances to functionally characterize cell states, highlighting the existence of immunostimulatory CAFs. Our group and others have uncovered and experimentally substantiated key functions of cancer antigen-presenting CAFs in T cell immunity, both in vitro and in vivo, refuting the conventional assumption that CAFs impede adaptive immune rejection of tumours. In this Perspective, I unify the follicular and non-follicular, non-endothelial stroma of tumours under the 'peripheral adaptive immune mesenchyme' framework and position subsets of CAFs as direct positive regulators of the adaptive immune system. Building on the understanding of cancer antigen presentation by CAFs and the second touch hypothesis, which postulates that full T cell polarization requires interaction with antigen-presenting cells in the non-lymphoid tissue where the antigen resides, I re-design the 'cancer-immunity cycle' to incorporate intratumoural activation of cancer-specific CD4+ T cells. Lastly, a road map to therapeutic harnessing of immunostimulatory CAF states is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsoumakidou
- Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.
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42
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Watanabe R, Murakami K, Fujisaki T, Ito H, Murata K, Yamamoto W, Fujii T, Onizawa H, Onishi A, Tanaka M, Morinobu A, Hashimoto M. Baseline erythrocyte sedimentation rate level predicts long-term inhibition of radiographic progression by tocilizumab: the KURAMA cohort. Immunol Med 2023; 46:84-92. [PMID: 36688476 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2023.2170384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The short-term effect of tocilizumab (TCZ) on the radiographic progression of rheumatoid arthritis has been reported; however, reports on its long-term effects are scarce. In this study, we aimed to evaluate its long-term effects on joint destruction in patients who had been treated with TCZ for at least two years and for whom X-rays were available. Radiographic progression was evaluated with modified Total Sharp Score (mTSS), and structural remission was defined as the mean annual change in mTSS ≤0.5. Of the 59 patients included in this study (median age, 62 years; female, 81.4%), 34 patients (57.6%) achieved structural remission. Patients who achieved structural remission were relatively younger (59 years vs. 64 years, p = .06), had relatively higher proportion of anti-citrullinated protein antibody positivity (91.2% vs. 72.0%, p = .08), relatively lower C-reactive protein level (0.6 mg/dL vs. 2.2 mg/dL, p = .05), and significantly lower erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) level (28.0 mm/h vs 65.5 mm/h, p = .003) than those who did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the baseline ESR level was significantly associated with structural remission (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99, p = .049). The baseline ESR level is a critical determinant of the long-term effect of TCZ on joint destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosaku Murakami
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Koichi Murata
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamamoto
- Department of Health Information Management, Kurashiki Sweet Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujii
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Onizawa
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Onishi
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Tanaka
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Morinobu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motomu Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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43
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Nasonov EL, Feist E. The prospects of interleukin-6 inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis: Olokizumab (novel monoclonal antibodies to IL-6). RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.47360/1995-4484-2022-505-518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs) manifested with progressive destruction of joints, systemic inflammation of visceral organs and a wide range of co-morbidities associated with chronic inflammation. Among the cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA and certain other IMRDs, the role of interleukin (IL) 6 is of special interest. The introduction of mAbs tocilizumab (TCZ) and later sarilumab (SAR), both blocking the receptor of this cytokine, into clinical practice was an important achievement in the treatment of IIRDs at the beginning of the 21st century. As a novel approach in the treatment of RA, the humanized mAb against IL-6 olokizumab (OKZ) is in development by the Russian company R-PHARM under the license agreement with UCB Pharma. The review examines new data on efficacy and safety of OKZ in RA and the prospects of its use in rheumatology
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health Care of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)
| | - Eugen Feist
- Department of Rheumatology, Helios Clinic VogelsangGommern, cooperation partner of the Otto-vonGuericke University Magdeburg
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44
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Hashimoto A, Handa H, Hata S, Hashimoto S. Orchestration of mesenchymal plasticity and immune evasiveness via rewiring of the metabolic program in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1005566. [PMID: 36408139 PMCID: PMC9669439 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1005566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most fatal cancer in humans, due to its difficulty of early detection and its high metastatic ability. The occurrence of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in preinvasive pancreatic lesions has been implicated in the early dissemination, drug resistance, and cancer stemness of PDAC. PDAC cells also have a reprogrammed metabolism, regulated by driver mutation-mediated pathways, a desmoplastic tumor microenvironment (TME), and interactions with stromal cells, including pancreatic stellate cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Such metabolic reprogramming and its functional metabolites lead to enhanced mesenchymal plasticity, and creates an acidic and immunosuppressive TME, resulting in the augmentation of protumor immunity via cancer-associated inflammation. In this review, we summarize our recent understanding of how PDAC cells acquire and augment mesenchymal features via metabolic and immunological changes during tumor progression, and how mesenchymal malignancies induce metabolic network rewiring and facilitate an immune evasive TME. In addition, we also present our recent findings on the interesting relevance of the small G protein ADP-ribosylation factor 6-based signaling pathway driven by KRAS/TP53 mutations, inflammatory amplification signals mediated by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 and RNA-binding protein ARID5A on PDAC metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion, and finally discuss potential therapeutic strategies for the quasi-mesenchymal subtype of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ari Hashimoto, ; Shigeru Hashimoto,
| | - Haruka Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Hata
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hashimoto
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ari Hashimoto, ; Shigeru Hashimoto,
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45
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Roles of RNA-binding proteins in immune diseases and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:310-324. [PMID: 35351611 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Genetic information that is transcribed from DNA to mRNA, and then translated from mRNA to protein, is regulated by complex and sophisticated post-transcriptional mechanisms. Recently, it has become clear that mRNA degradation not only acts to remove unnecessary mRNA, but is also closely associated with the regulation of translation initiation, and is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Various RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been reported to play central roles in the mechanisms of mRNA stability and translation initiation through various signal transduction pathways, and to modulate gene expression faster than the transcription process via post-transcriptional modifications in response to intracellular and extracellular stimuli, without de novo protein synthesis. On the other hand, inflammation is necessary for the elimination of pathogens associated with infection, and is tightly controlled to avoid the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). It is increasingly becoming clear that RBPs play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of these immune responses. Furthermore, it has been shown that the aberrant regulation of RBPs leads to chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Although it has been recognized since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor onset and progression, involvement of the disruption of the balance between anti-tumor immunity via the immune surveillance system and pro-tumor immunity by cancer-associated inflammation in the malignant transformation of cancer remains elusive. Recently, the dysregulated expression and activation of representative RBPs involved in regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in our understanding of the functional roles of these RBPs in several types of immune responses, and the involvement of RBP dysregulation in the pathogenesis of immune diseases and cancer, and discuss possible therapeutic strategies against cancer by targeting RBPs, coupled with immunotherapy.
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46
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Amin MA, Khan II, Nahin S, Bonna A, Afrin S, Hawlader MDH. COVID-19 hospitalization with later long COVID in a person with Down syndrome. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6425. [PMID: 36245462 PMCID: PMC9540596 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses that induce pulmonary difficulties and auto-inflammation are more common in people with Down syndrome. They also have a higher number of comorbidities associated with a worse prognosis than the overall population. Adult patients with acute COVID-19 are increasingly being diagnosed with Long COVID. However, patients with Down syndrome with later long COVID-19 are the first example documented in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ashraful Amin
- Department of Public HealthNorth South UniversityDhakaBangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS)DhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Sabrina Nahin
- Department of PhysiologyGreen Life Medical College HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Atia Sharmin Bonna
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS)DhakaBangladesh
- Public Health EpidemiologistHN & HIV Sector, Save the ChildrenDhakaBangladesh
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Public HealthNorth South UniversityDhakaBangladesh
- Public Health Professional Development Society (PPDS)DhakaBangladesh
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Roles of Interleukin-6-mediated immunometabolic reprogramming in COVID-19 and other viral infection-associated diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109005. [PMID: 35780641 PMCID: PMC9236983 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a highly pleiotropic glycoprotein factor that can modulate innate and adaptive immunity as well as various aspects of metabolism, including glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. Recently, the expression and release of IL-6 is shown to be significantly increased in numerous diseases related to virus infection, and this increase is positively correlated with the disease severity. Immunity and metabolism are two highly integrated and interdependent systems, the balance between them plays a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis. IL-6-elicited inflammatory response is found to be closely associated with metabolic disorder in patients with viral infection. This brief review summarizes the regulatory role of IL-6 in immunometabolic reprogramming among seven viral infection-associated diseases.
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González García A, Fernández-Martín J, Robles Marhuenda Á. Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease and associated autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions: practical guidance for diagnosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:1426-1435. [PMID: 35997567 PMCID: PMC10070070 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is an infrequent and life-threatening disorder characterised by systemic inflammatory symptoms, generalised lymphadenopathy, polyclonal lymphocyte proliferation, and organ dysfunction caused by a hyperinflammatory state. It accounts for one third to one half of all multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) cases. iMCD is often associated with autoimmune manifestations that may precede the iMCD diagnosis, be identified at the same time or follow it. In addition, iMCD may also coincide with a number of autoimmune diseases (such as psoriasis or myasthenia gravis) or autoinflammatory diseases (such as familial Mediterranean fever). Moreover, diverse inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, adult-onset Still disease, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, immunoglobulin (IgG4) related disease, or the recently described VEXAS syndrome, can present clinical features or lymphadenopathy with histopathological "Castleman-like" findings compatible with those of iMCD. Given the iMCD clinical heterogeneity and the overlap with other autoimmune or autoinflammatory disorders, iMCD diagnosis can be challenging. In this review, we explore the overlap between iMCD and inflammatory diseases and provide practical guidance on iMCD diagnosis in order to avoid misdiagnosis and confusion with other autoimmune or autoinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés González García
- Systemic Autoimmune and Orphan Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Fernández-Martín
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel Robles Marhuenda
- Autoimmune Diseases Unit of the Internal Medicine Service, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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Hashimoto S, Hashimoto A, Muromoto R, Kitai Y, Oritani K, Matsuda T. Central Roles of STAT3-Mediated Signals in Onset and Development of Cancers: Tumorigenesis and Immunosurveillance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162618. [PMID: 36010693 PMCID: PMC9406645 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century, it has been well-known that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor initiation and progression. However, it remains unclear whether a collapse of the balance between the antitumor immune response via the immunological surveillance system and protumor immunity due to cancer-related inflammation is responsible for cancer malignancy. The majority of inflammatory signals affect tumorigenesis by activating signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-κB. Persistent STAT3 activation in malignant cancer cells mediates extremely widespread functions, including cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, and invasion and contributes to an increase in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. In addition, intracellular STAT3 activation in immune cells causes suppressive effects on antitumor immunity and leads to the differentiation and mobilization of immature myeloid-derived cells and tumor-associated macrophages. In many cancer types, STAT3 does not directly rely on its activation by oncogenic mutations but has important oncogenic and malignant transformation-associated functions in both cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We have reported a series of studies aiming towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the proliferation of various types of tumors involving signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 as an adaptor molecule that modulates STAT3 activity, and we recently found that AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a functions as an mRNA stabilizer that orchestrates an immunosuppressive TME in malignant mesenchymal tumors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the functional role of STAT3 in tumor progression and introduce novel molecular mechanisms of cancer development and malignant transformation involving STAT3 activation that we have identified to date. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for cancer that target the signaling pathway to augment STAT3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Hashimoto
- Division of Molecular Psychoimmunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Ari Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muromoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.M.)
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50
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Aliyu M, Zohora FT, Anka AU, Ali K, Maleknia S, Saffarioun M, Azizi G. Interleukin-6 cytokine: An overview of the immune regulation, immune dysregulation, and therapeutic approach. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109130. [PMID: 35969896 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, depending on the immune response context. Macrophages are among several cells that secrete IL-6, which they express upon activation by antigens, subsequently inducing fever and production of acute-phase proteins from the liver. Moreover, IL-6 induces the final maturation of B cells into memory B cells and plasma cells as well as an adaptive role for short-term energy allocation. Activation of IL-6 receptors results in the intracellular activation of the JAK/STAT pathway with resultant production of inflammatory cytokines. Several mechanisms-controlled IL-6 expression, but aberrant production was shown to be crucial in the pathogenesis of many diseases, which include autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. IL-6 in combination with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) induced differentiation of naïve T cells to Th17 cells, which is the cornerstone in autoimmune diseases. Recently, IL-6 secretion was shown to form the backbone of hypercytokinemia seen in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated hyperinflammation and multiorgan failure. There are two classes of approved IL-6 inhibitors: anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies (e.g., tocilizumab) and anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies (i.e., siltuximab). These drugs have been evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, cytokine release syndrome, and COVID-19 who have systemic inflammation. JAK/STAT pathway blockers were also successfully used in dampening IL-6 signal transduction. A better understanding of different mechanisms that modulate IL-6 expression will provide the much-needed solution with excellent safety and efficacy profiles for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in which IL-6 derives their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur Aliyu
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, TUMS-IC, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Clinical Science, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Fatema Tuz Zohora
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Abubakar Umar Anka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Kashif Ali
- Department of Pharmacy Abdul Wali, Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Shayan Maleknia
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saffarioun
- Biopharmaceutical Research Center, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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