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Su Z, Gao F, Shu R, Cai K, Fang S, Lei X, Li D, Hu K. Potential treatment of glutathione in bullfrogs with abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism revealed by hepatic lipid metabolism and serum metabolomics analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1426340. [PMID: 39193504 PMCID: PMC11347949 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1426340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the continuous growth of bullfrog supply, it has become an important aquaculture species. Due to the lack of actionable industry standards and regulation, the misuse of anti-disease drugs and abnormal liver lipid metabolism in bullfrogs have become a major obstacle to the development of bullfrog aquaculture industry. Glutathione is a natural tripeptide that can be synthesized intracellularly, and its physiological functions mainly include the treatment of liver diseases, antioxidant, detoxification, anti-tumor, enhancement of immunity, and delaying aging. Methods In this study, the therapeutic effect of glutathione on bullfrogs with abnormal liver lipid metabolism was revealed from hepatic lipid metabolism and serum metabolomics analysis. The survival rate, liver histomorphology, serum antioxidant enzyme activity, liver lipase activity and serum metabolomics, liver metabolomics were studied and analyzed by feeding the bullfrogs with abnormal lipid metabolism with glutathione for 20 days in the NC, FI and GSH groups. Results The results of the study showed that glutathione was able to repair the liver and improve the survival rate of bullfrogs with abnormal lipid metabolism; the activity of serum SOD enzymes was significantly increased; the activities of ACP and AKP were significantly decreased; the activities of HDL-C and T-CHO were significantly increased; and the activities of LDL-C, TBA, and TG were significantly decreased in the liver; the contents of metabolites, such as PC, PS, and PE were significantly up-regulated, and the levels of up-regulated Autophagy - other, Necroptosis and ErbB signaling pathway, and down-regulated Sphingolipid metabolism, D-Amino acid metabolism metabolic pathway, to some extent The metabolic pathways of Sphingolipid metabolism and D-Amino acid metabolism were down-regulated to alleviate the disorders of glycerophospholipid and amino acid metabolism to a certain extent, thus alleviating the abnormalities of liver lipid metabolism. Discussion The results showed that glutathione could effectively treat the liver lipid metabolism disorder of bullfrogs, promote the growth and development of bullfrogs, repair the liver function, reduce the inflammation, and promote the healthy and green development of bullfrog industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Su
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Gao
- Henan ANIMIC Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China
| | - Rui Shu
- Guangdong Xingwa Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing, China
| | - Kai Cai
- Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd, China
| | | | - Xiaoting Lei
- Guangdong Xingwa Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Police College, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Hu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
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2
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Lopes-Virella MF, Hammad SM, Baker NL, Klein RL, Hunt KJ. Circulating Lipoprotein Sphingolipids in Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:190. [PMID: 38255295 PMCID: PMC10813484 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of sphingolipid metabolism play an important role in diabetes. We compared sphingolipid levels in plasma and in isolated lipoproteins between healthy control subjects and two groups of patients, one with chronic kidney disease without diabetes (ND-CKD), and the other with type 2 diabetes and macroalbuminuria (D-MA). Ceramides, sphingomyelins, and sphingoid bases and their phosphates in LDL were higher in ND-CKD and in D-MA patients compared to controls. However, ceramides and sphingoid bases in HDL2 and HDL3 were lower in ND-CKD and in D-MA patients than in controls. Sphingomyelins in HDL2 and HDL3 were lower in D-MA patients than in controls but were normal in ND-CKD patients. Compared to controls, lactosylceramides in LDL and VLDL were higher in ND-CKD patients but not in D-MA patients. However, lactosylceramides in HDL2 and HDL3 were lower in both ND-CKD and D-MA patients than in controls. Plasma hexosylceramides in ND-CKD patients were increased and sphingoid bases decreased in both ND-CKD and D-MA patients. However, hexosylceramides in LDL, HDL2, and HDL3 were higher in ND-CKD patients than in controls. In D-MA patients, only C16:0 hexosylceramide in LDL was higher than in controls. The data suggest that sphingolipid measurement in lipoproteins, rather than in whole plasma, is crucial to decipher the role of sphingolipids in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Lopes-Virella
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA;
| | - Samar M. Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Nathaniel L. Baker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Richard L. Klein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA;
| | - Kelly J. Hunt
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA;
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
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3
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Ali O, Szabó A. Review of Eukaryote Cellular Membrane Lipid Composition, with Special Attention to the Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15693. [PMID: 37958678 PMCID: PMC10649022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes, primarily composed of lipids, envelop each living cell. The intricate composition and organization of membrane lipids, including the variety of fatty acids they encompass, serve a dynamic role in sustaining cellular structural integrity and functionality. Typically, modifications in lipid composition coincide with consequential alterations in universally significant signaling pathways. Exploring the various fatty acids, which serve as the foundational building blocks of membrane lipids, provides crucial insights into the underlying mechanisms governing a myriad of cellular processes, such as membrane fluidity, protein trafficking, signal transduction, intercellular communication, and the etiology of certain metabolic disorders. Furthermore, comprehending how alterations in the lipid composition, especially concerning the fatty acid profile, either contribute to or prevent the onset of pathological conditions stands as a compelling area of research. Hence, this review aims to meticulously introduce the intricacies of membrane lipids and their constituent fatty acids in a healthy organism, thereby illuminating their remarkable diversity and profound influence on cellular function. Furthermore, this review aspires to highlight some potential therapeutic targets for various pathological conditions that may be ameliorated through dietary fatty acid supplements. The initial section of this review expounds on the eukaryotic biomembranes and their complex lipids. Subsequent sections provide insights into the synthesis, membrane incorporation, and distribution of fatty acids across various fractions of membrane lipids. The last section highlights the functional significance of membrane-associated fatty acids and their innate capacity to shape the various cellular physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeralfaroug Ali
- Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;
| | - András Szabó
- Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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4
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Chi ES, Stivison EA, Blind RD. SF-1 Induces Nuclear PIP2. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1509. [PMID: 37892191 PMCID: PMC10604688 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metazoan cell nuclei contain non-membrane pools of the phosphoinositide lipid PI(4,5)P2 (PIP2), but how this hydrophobic lipid exists within the aqueous nucleoplasm remains unclear. Steroidogenic Factor-1 (NR5A1, SF-1) is a nuclear receptor that binds PIP2 in vitro, and a co-crystal structure of the complex suggests the acyl chains of PIP2 are hidden in the hydrophobic core of the SF-1 protein while the PIP2 headgroup is solvent-exposed. This binding mode explains how SF-1 can solubilize nuclear PIP2; however, cellular evidence that SF-1 expression associates with nuclear PIP2 has been lacking. Here, we examined if tetracycline induction of SF-1 expression would associate with nuclear accumulation of PIP2, using antibodies directed against the PIP2 headgroup. Indeed, tetracycline induction of wild-type SF-1 induced a signal in the nucleus of HEK cells that cross-reacts with PIP2 antibodies, but did not cross-react with antibodies against the lower abundance phosphoinositide PI(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3). The nuclear PIP2 signal co-localized with FLAG-tagged SF-1 in the nuclear compartment. To determine if the nuclear PIP2 signal was dependent on the ability of SF-1 to bind PIP2, we examined a "pocket mutant" of SF-1 (A270W, L345F) shown to be deficient in phospholipid binding by mass spectrometry. Tetracycline induction of this pocket mutant SF-1 in HEK cells failed to induce a detectable PIP2 antibody cross-reactive signal, despite similar Tet-induced expression levels of the wild-type and pocket mutant SF-1 proteins in these cells. Together, these data are the first to suggest that expression of SF-1 induces a PIP2 antibody cross-reactive signal in the nucleus, consistent with X-ray crystallographic and biochemical evidence suggesting SF-1 binds PIP2 in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raymond D. Blind
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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5
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Hakobyan NR, Yavroyan ZV, Hovhannisyan AG, Gevorgyan ES. Cisplatin and progesterone separate and combined action on rat brain nuclear phospholipids content. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106750. [PMID: 37247723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor agent cisplatin and steroid hormone progesterone separate and combined action on content of total phospholipids and their individual classes in nuclei from rat brain cells were investigated. Cisplatin and progesterone exhibit their own characteristic properties, when used separately. Cisplatin reduces, and progesterone, on the contrary, increases the content of total phospholipids. When used together, the effects of these drugs are summed up. Cisplatin reduces the content of all 7 individual phospholipids found in rat brain nuclear preparations. Progesterone, on the other hand, increases the content of 5 classes of phospholipids. The combined use of cisplatin and progesterone restores 5 classes of nuclear phospholipids to the baseline level, and increases the quantity of 2 classes. The obtained results are discussed in terms of antagonistic effects of studied drugs, which can help in reducing undesirable side effects of cisplatin in case of combined use of antitumor drug and steroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Hakobyan
- Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Armenia.
| | - Zh V Yavroyan
- Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Armenia
| | | | - E S Gevorgyan
- Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Armenia
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6
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Suteanu-Simulescu A, Sarbu M, Ica R, Petrica L, Zamfir AD. Ganglioside analysis in body fluids by liquid-phase separation techniques hyphenated to mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:501-520. [PMID: 36416190 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The expression of gangliosides in central nervous system is a few times higher than in the extraneural tissue, a characteristic highlighting their major role at this level. Although in very low amounts, gangliosides are ubiquitously distributed in body fluids too, where, depending on many factors, including pathological states, their composition fluctuates, thus having diagnostic value. Ganglioside investigation in biological fluids, which, except for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), may be sampled noninvasively, was for years impeded by the limited sensitivity of the analytical instrumentation available in glycomics. However, because the last decade has witnessed significant developments in biological mass spectrometry (MS) and the hyphenated separation techniques, marked by a major increase in sensitivity, reproducibility, and data reliability, ganglioside research started to be focused on biofluid analysis by separation techniques coupled to MS. In this context, our review presents the achievements in this emerging field of gangliosidomics, with a particular emphasis on modern liquid chromatography (LC), thin-layer chromatography, hydrophilic interaction LC, and ion mobility separation coupled to high-performance MS, as well as the results generated by these systems and allied experimental procedures in profiling and structural analysis of gangliosides in healthy or diseased body fluids, such as CSF, plasma/serum, and milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Suteanu-Simulescu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.,Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Ica
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.,Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Neurosciences, Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina Diana Zamfir
- Department of Condensed Matter, National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, Arad, Romania
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7
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Differential Regulation of Glucosylceramide Synthesis and Efflux by Golgi and Plasma Membrane Bound ABCC10. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020346. [PMID: 36678216 PMCID: PMC9862172 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) synthesis by the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) occurs on the cytosolic leaflet of the Golgi and is the first important step for the synthesis of complex glycosphingolipids (GSLs) that takes place inside the lumen. Apart from serving as a precursor for glycosylation, newly synthesized GlcCer is also transported to the plasma membrane and secreted onto HDL in the circulation. The mechanism by which GlcCer is transported to HDL remains unclear. Recently, we showed that ATP-binding cassette transporter protein C10 (ABCC10) plays an important role in the synthesis and efflux of GlcCer in Huh-7 cells. In this study, we found that treatment of Huh-7 cells with an ABCC10 inhibitor, sorafenib, decreased the synthesis and efflux of GlcCer. However, treatment of cells with cepharanthine reduced only the efflux, but not synthesis, of GlcCer. These results indicate that ABCC10 may regulate the synthesis and efflux of GlcCer differentially in liver cells.
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8
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ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Family C Protein 10 Participates in the Synthesis and Efflux of Hexosylceramides in Liver Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204401. [PMID: 36297086 PMCID: PMC9610179 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to sphingomyelin and ceramide, sugar derivatives of ceramides, hexosylceramides (HexCer) are the major circulating sphingolipids. We have shown that silencing of ABCA1 transmembrane protein function for instance in cases of loss of function of ABCA1 gene results in low levels of HDL as well as a concomitant reduction in plasma HexCer levels. However, proteins involved in hepatic synthesis and egress of HexCer from cells is not well known although ABCA1 seems to be indirectly controlling the HexCer plasma levels by supporting HDL synthesis. In this study, we hypothesized that protein(s) other than ABCA1 are involved in the transport of HexCer to HDL. Using an unbiased knockdown approach, we found that ATP-binding cassette transporter protein C10 (ABCC10) participates in the synthesis of HexCer and thereby affects egress to HDL in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells. Furthermore, livers from ABCC10 deficient mice had significantly lower levels of HexCer compared to wild type livers. These studies suggest that ABCC10 partakes in modulating the synthesis and subsequent efflux of HexCer to HDL in liver cells.
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9
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Arya SB, Chen S, Jordan-Javed F, Parent CA. Ceramide-rich microdomains facilitate nuclear envelope budding for non-conventional exosome formation. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1019-1028. [PMID: 35739317 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils migrating towards chemoattractant gradients amplify their recruitment range by releasing the secondary chemoattractant leukotriene B4 (LTB4) refs. 1,2. We previously demonstrated that LTB4 and its synthesizing enzymes, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), 5-LO activating protein (FLAP) and leukotriene A4 hydrolase, are packaged and released in exosomes3. Here we report that the biogenesis of the LTB4-containing exosomes originates at the nuclear envelope (NE) of activated neutrophils. We show that the neutral sphingomyelinase 1 (nSMase1)-mediated generation of ceramide-enriched lipid-ordered microdomains initiates the clustering of the LTB4-synthesizing enzymes on the NE. We isolated and analysed exosomes from activated neutrophils and established that the FLAP/5-LO-positive exosome population is distinct from that of the CD63-positive exosome population. Furthermore, we observed a strong co-localization between ALIX and FLAP at the periphery of nuclei and within cytosolic vesicles. We propose that the initiation of NE curvature and bud formation is mediated by nSMase1-dependent ceramide generation, which leads to FLAP and ALIX recruitment. Together, these observations elucidate the mechanism for LTB4 secretion and identify a non-conventional pathway for exosome generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash B Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatima Jordan-Javed
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carole A Parent
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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10
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Voelkel-Johnson C. Sphingolipids in embryonic development, cell cycle regulation, and stemness - Implications for polyploidy in tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 81:206-219. [PMID: 33429049 PMCID: PMC8263803 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant biology of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) includes dysregulation of the cell cycle, induction of stress responses, and dedifferentiation, all of which are likely accompanied by adaptations in biophysical properties and metabolic activity. Sphingolipids are the second largest class of membrane lipids and play important roles in many aspects of cell biology that are potentially relevant to polyploidy. We have recently shown that the function of the sphingolipid enzyme acid ceramidase (ASAH1) is critical for the ability of PGCC to generate progeny by depolyploidization but mechanisms by which sphingolipids contribute to polyploidy and generation of offspring with stem-like properties remain elusive. This review discusses the role of sphingolipids during embryonic development, cell cycle regulation, and stem cells in an effort to highlight parallels to polyploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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11
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Hatton SL, Pandey MK. Fat and Protein Combat Triggers Immunological Weapons of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems to Launch Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1089. [PMID: 35163013 PMCID: PMC8835271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, affecting up to 10 million people. This disease mainly happens due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons accountable for memory and motor function. Partial glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency and the resultant excess accumulation of glycosphingolipids and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation have been linked to predominant risk factors that lead to neurodegeneration and memory and motor defects in PD, with known and unknown causes. An increasing body of evidence uncovers the role of several other lipids and their association with α-syn aggregation, which activates the innate and adaptive immune system and sparks brain inflammation in PD. Here, we review the emerging role of a number of lipids, i.e., triglyceride (TG), diglycerides (DG), glycerophosphoethanolamines (GPE), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), sphingolipids, gangliosides, glycerophospholipids (GPL), and cholesterols, and their connection with α-syn aggregation as well as the induction of innate and adaptive immune reactions that trigger neuroinflammation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Loraine Hatton
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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12
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Molecular Mechanisms of Sphingolipid Transport on Plasma Lipoproteins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:57-65. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Itokazu Y, Fuchigami T, Morgan JC, Yu RK. Intranasal infusion of GD3 and GM1 gangliosides downregulates alpha-synuclein and controls tyrosine hydroxylase gene in a PD model mouse. Mol Ther 2021; 29:3059-3071. [PMID: 34111562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by Lewy bodies (composed predominantly of alpha-synuclein [aSyn]) and loss of pigmented midbrain dopaminergic neurons comprising the nigrostriatal pathway. Most PD patients show significant deficiency of gangliosides, including GM1, in the brain, and GM1 ganglioside appears to keep dopaminergic neurons functioning properly. Thus, supplementation of GM1 could potentially provide some rescuing effects. In this study, we demonstrate that intranasal infusion of GD3 and GM1 gangliosides reduces intracellular aSyn levels. GM1 also significantly enhances expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the A53T aSyn overexpressing mouse, following restored nuclear expression of nuclear receptor related 1 (Nurr1, also known as NR4A2), an essential transcription factor for differentiation, maturation, and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. GM1 induces epigenetic activation of the TH gene, including augmentation of acetylated histones and recruitment of Nurr1 to the TH promoter region. Our data indicate that intranasal administration of gangliosides could reduce neurotoxic proteins and restore functional neurons via modulating chromatin status by nuclear gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Itokazu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Takahiro Fuchigami
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - John C Morgan
- Movement Disorders Program, Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Robert K Yu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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14
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Al Qtaish N, Gallego I, Villate-Beitia I, Sainz-Ramos M, Martínez-Navarrete G, Soto-Sánchez C, Fernández E, Gálvez-Martín P, Lopez-Mendez TB, Puras G, Luis Pedraz J. Sphingolipid extracts enhance gene delivery of cationic lipid vesicles into retina and brain. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 169:103-112. [PMID: 34606927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate relevant biophysic processes related to the physicochemical features and gene transfection mechanism when sphingolipids are incorporated into a cationic niosome formulation for non-viral gene delivery to central nervous system. For that, two formulations named niosphingosomes and niosomes devoid of sphingolipid extracts, as control, were developed by the oil-in water emulsion technique. Both formulations and the corresponding complexes, obtained upon the addition of the reporter EGFP plasmid, were physicochemically and biologically characterized and evaluated. Compared to niosomes, niosphingosomes, and the corresponding complexes decreased particle size and increased superficial charge. Although there were not significant differences in the cellular uptake, cell viability and transfection efficiency increased when human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells were exposed to niosphingoplexes. Endocytosis via caveolae decreased in the case of niosphingoplexes, which showed higher co-localization with lysosomal compartment, and endosomal escape properties. Moreover, niosphingoplexes transfected not only primary central nervous system cells, but also different cells in mouse retina, depending on the administration route, and brain cortex. These preliminary results suggest that niosphingosomes represent a promising non-viral vector formulation purposed for the treatment of both retinal and brain diseases by gene therapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuseibah Al Qtaish
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Idoia Gallego
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Ilia Villate-Beitia
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Myriam Sainz-Ramos
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | | | - Tania B Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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15
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Albi E, Alessenko AV. Nuclear sphingomyelin in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2028-2029. [PMID: 33642390 PMCID: PMC8343301 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.308087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alice V. Alessenko
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Qingfeng Wang, Yongfeng Tao. Monosialoganglioside (GM1) Attenuates Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. NEUROCHEM J+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s181971242102015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Frajewicki A, Laštůvka Z, Borbélyová V, Khan S, Jandová K, Janišová K, Otáhal J, Mysliveček J, Riljak V. Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic damage: review of the current treatment possibilities. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S379-S401. [PMID: 33464921 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a disorder with heterogeneous manifestation due to asphyxia during perinatal period. It affects approximately 3-12 children per 1000 live births and cause death of 1 million neonates worldwide per year. Besides, motor disabilities, seizures, impaired muscle tone and epilepsy are few of the consequences of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Despite an extensive research effort regarding various treatment strategies, therapeutic hypothermia with intensive care unit supportive treatment remains the only approved method for neonates who have suffered from moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. However, these protocols are only partially effective given that many infants still suffer from severe brain damage. Thus, further research to systematically test promising neuroprotective treatments in combination with hypothermia is essential. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and delved into different promising treatment modalities, such as melatonin and erythropoietin. However, preclinical studies and clinical trials are still needed to further elucidate the mechanisms of action of these modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frajewicki
- Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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18
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Khan EA, Zhang X, Hanna EM, Bartosova Z, Yadetie F, Jonassen I, Goksøyr A, Arukwe A. Quantitative transcriptomics, and lipidomics in evaluating ovarian developmental effects in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) caged at a capped marine waste disposal site. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109906. [PMID: 32980003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a previously capped waste disposal site at Kollevåg (Norway) was selected to study the effects of contaminant leakage on biomarkers associated with Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) reproductive endocrinology and development. Immature cod were caged for 6 weeks at 3 locations, selected to achieve a spatial gradient of contamination, and compared to a reference station. Quantitative transcriptomic, and lipidomic analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the potential complex contaminant mixture on ovarian developmental and endocrine physiology. The number of expressed transcripts, with 0.75 log2-fold differential expression or more, varied among stations and paralleled the severity of contamination. Particularly, significant bioaccumulation of ∑PCB-7, ∑DDTs and ∑PBDEs were observed at station 1, compared to the other station, including the reference station. Respectively 1416, 698 and 719 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), were observed at stations 1, 2 and 3, compared to the reference station, with transcripts belonging to steroid hormone synthesis pathway being significantly upregulation. Transcription factors such as esr2 and ahr2 were increased at all three stations, with highest fold-change at Station 1. MetaCore pathway maps identified affected pathways that are involved in ovarian physiology, where some unique pathways were significantly affected at each station. For the lipidomics, sphingolipid metabolism was particularly affected at station 1, and these effects paralleled the high contaminant burden at this station. Overall, our findings showed a novel and direct association between contaminant burden and ovarian toxicological and endocrine physiological responses in cod caged at the capped Kollevåg waste disposal site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa A Khan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, N-5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eileen M Hanna
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, N-5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Zdenka Bartosova
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, N-5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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19
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Sarmento MJ, Ricardo JC, Amaro M, Šachl R. Organization of gangliosides into membrane nanodomains. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3668-3697. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Sarmento
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Joana C. Ricardo
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Mariana Amaro
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Šachl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 8 Czech Republic
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20
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Modulation of DNA Damage Response by Sphingolipid Signaling: An Interplay that Shapes Cell Fate. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124481. [PMID: 32599736 PMCID: PMC7349968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although once considered as structural components of eukaryotic biological membranes, research in the past few decades hints at a major role of bioactive sphingolipids in mediating an array of physiological processes including cell survival, proliferation, inflammation, senescence, and death. A large body of evidence points to a fundamental role for the sphingolipid metabolic pathway in modulating the DNA damage response (DDR). The interplay between these two elements of cell signaling determines cell fate when cells are exposed to metabolic stress or ionizing radiation among other genotoxic agents. In this review, we aim to dissect the mediators of the DDR and how these interact with the different sphingolipid metabolites to mount various cellular responses.
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21
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Turpin-Nolan SM, Brüning JC. The role of ceramides in metabolic disorders: when size and localization matters. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:224-233. [PMID: 32060415 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide accumulation is a hallmark in the manifestation of numerous obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Until the early 2000s, ceramides were viewed as a homogenous class of sphingolipids. However, it has now become clear that ceramides exert fundamentally different effects depending on the specific fatty acyl chain lengths, which are integrated into ceramides by a group of enzymes known as dihydroceramide synthases. In addition, alterations in ceramide synthesis, trafficking and metabolism in specific cellular compartments exert distinct consequences on metabolic homeostasis. Here, we examine the emerging concept of how the intracellular localization of ceramides with distinct acyl chain lengths can regulate glucose metabolism, thus emphasizing their potential as targets in the development of novel and specific therapies for obesity and obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Turpin-Nolan
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), Köln, Germany
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Köln, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), Köln, Germany.
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Köln, Germany.
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Köln, Germany.
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22
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S1P/S1P Receptor Signaling in Neuromuscolar Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246364. [PMID: 31861214 PMCID: PMC6941007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), and the signaling pathways triggered by its binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors play a critical regulatory role in many pathophysiological processes, including skeletal muscle and nervous system degeneration. The signaling transduced by S1P binding appears to be much more complex than previously thought, with important implications for clinical applications and for personalized medicine. In particular, the understanding of S1P/S1P receptor signaling functions in specific compartmentalized locations of the cell is worthy of being better investigated, because in various circumstances it might be crucial for the development or/and the progression of neuromuscular diseases, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, myasthenia gravis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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23
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Avota E, de Lira MN, Schneider-Schaulies S. Sphingomyelin Breakdown in T Cells: Role of Membrane Compartmentalization in T Cell Signaling and Interference by a Pathogen. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:152. [PMID: 31457008 PMCID: PMC6700246 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are major components of cellular membranes, and at steady-state level, their metabolic fluxes are tightly controlled. On challenge by external signals, they undergo rapid turnover, which substantially affects the biophysical properties of membrane lipid and protein compartments and, consequently, signaling and morphodynamics. In T cells, external cues translate into formation of membrane microdomains where proximal signaling platforms essential for metabolic reprograming and cytoskeletal reorganization are organized. This review will focus on sphingomyelinases, which mediate sphingomyelin breakdown and ensuing ceramide release that have been implicated in T-cell viability and function. Acting at the sphingomyelin pool at the extrafacial or cytosolic leaflet of cellular membranes, acid and neutral sphingomyelinases organize ceramide-enriched membrane microdomains that regulate T-cell homeostatic activity and, upon stimulation, compartmentalize receptors, membrane proximal signaling complexes, and cytoskeletal dynamics as essential for initiating T-cell motility and interaction with endothelia and antigen-presenting cells. Prominent examples to be discussed in this review include death receptor family members, integrins, CD3, and CD28 and their associated signalosomes. Progress made with regard to experimental tools has greatly aided our understanding of the role of bioactive sphingolipids in T-cell biology at a molecular level and of targets explored by a model pathogen (measles virus) to specifically interfere with their physiological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Avota
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maria Nathalia de Lira
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Maharaj A, Maudhoo A, Chan LF, Novoselova T, Prasad R, Metherell LA, Guasti L. Isolated glucocorticoid deficiency: Genetic causes and animal models. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 189:73-80. [PMID: 30817990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) resistance syndromes encompass the genetically heterogeneous isolated or Familial Glucocorticoid Deficiency (FGD) and the distinct clinical entity known as Triple A syndrome. The molecular basis of adrenal resistance to ACTH includes defects in ligand binding, MC2R/MRAP receptor trafficking, cellular redox balance, cholesterol synthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. Biochemically, this manifests as ACTH excess in the setting of hypocortisolaemia. Triple A syndrome is an inherited condition involving a tetrad of adrenal insufficiency, achalasia, alacrima and neuropathy. FGD is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by the presence of isolated glucocorticoid deficiency, classically in the setting of preserved mineralocorticoid secretion. Primarily there are three established subtypes of the disease: FGD 1, FGD2 and FGD3 corresponding to mutations in the Melanocortin 2 receptor MC2R (25%), Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein MRAP (20%), and Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein STAR (5-10%) respectively. Together, mutations in these 3 genes account for approximately half of cases. Whole exome sequencing in patients negative for MC2R, MRAP and STAR mutations, identified mutations in minichromosome maintenance 4 MCM4, nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase NNT, thioredoxin reductase 2 TXNRD2, cytochrome p450scc CYP11A1, and sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase SGPL1 accounting for a further 10% of FGD. These novel genes have linked replicative and oxidative stress and altered redox potential as a mechanism of adrenocortical damage. However, a genetic diagnosis is still unclear in about 40% of cases. We describe here an updated list of FGD genes and provide a description of relevant mouse models that, despite some being flawed, have been precious allies in the understanding of FGD pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinaash Maharaj
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashwini Maudhoo
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li F Chan
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tatiana Novoselova
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rathi Prasad
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise A Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Guasti
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom.
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25
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Ahuja G, Bartsch D, Yao W, Geissen S, Frank S, Aguirre A, Russ N, Messling JE, Dodzian J, Lagerborg KA, Vargas NE, Muck JS, Brodesser S, Baldus S, Sachinidis A, Hescheler J, Dieterich C, Trifunovic A, Papantonis A, Petrascheck M, Klinke A, Jain M, Valenzano DR, Kurian L. Loss of genomic integrity induced by lysosphingolipid imbalance drives ageing in the heart. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201847407. [PMID: 30886000 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunctions dramatically increase with age. Revealing a currently unknown contributor to cardiac ageing, we report the age-dependent, cardiac-specific accumulation of the lysosphingolipid sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine, DHS) as an evolutionarily conserved hallmark of the aged vertebrate heart. Mechanistically, the DHS-derivative sphinganine-1-phosphate (DHS1P) directly inhibits HDAC1, causing an aberrant elevation in histone acetylation and transcription levels, leading to DNA damage. Accordingly, the pharmacological interventions, preventing (i) the accumulation of DHS1P using SPHK2 inhibitors, (ii) the aberrant increase in histone acetylation using histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitors, (iii) the DHS1P-dependent increase in transcription using an RNA polymerase II inhibitor, block DHS-induced DNA damage in human cardiomyocytes. Importantly, an increase in DHS levels in the hearts of healthy young adult mice leads to an impairment in cardiac functionality indicated by a significant reduction in left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction, mimicking the functional deterioration of aged hearts. These molecular and functional defects can be partially prevented in vivo using HAT inhibitors. Together, we report an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which increased DHS levels drive the decline in cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Ahuja
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Bartsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenjie Yao
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geissen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Frank
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Russ
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Erik Messling
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joanna Dodzian
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kim A Lagerborg
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Emilse Vargas
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joscha Sergej Muck
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juergen Hescheler
- Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg & German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Anna Klinke
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine & Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dario Riccardo Valenzano
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany .,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Leo Kurian
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany .,Institute for Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,CECAD; Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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26
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Iqbal J, Walsh MT, Hammad SM, Cuchel M, Rader DJ, Hussain MM. ATP binding cassette family A protein 1 determines hexosylceramide and sphingomyelin levels in human and mouse plasma. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2084-2097. [PMID: 30279221 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m087502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids, including ceramide, SM, and hexosylceramide (HxCer), are carried in the plasma by lipoproteins. They are possible markers of metabolic diseases, but little is known about their control. We previously showed that microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is critical to determine plasma ceramide and SM, but not HxCer, levels. In human plasma and mouse models, we examined possible HxCer-modulating pathways, including the role of ABCA1 in determining sphingolipid plasma concentrations. Compared with control samples, plasma from patients with Tangier disease (deficient in ABCA1) had significantly lower HxCer (-69%) and SM (-40%) levels. Similarly, mice deficient in hepatic and intestinal ABCA1 had significantly reduced HxCer (-79%) and SM (-85%) levels. Tissue-specific ablation studies revealed that hepatic ABCA1 determines plasma HxCer and SM levels; that ablation of MTP and ABCA1 in the liver and intestine reduces plasma HxCer, SM, and ceramide levels; and that hepatic and intestinal MTP contribute to plasma ceramide levels, whereas only hepatic MTP modulates plasma SM levels. These results identify the contribution of ABCA1 to plasma SM and HxCer levels and suggest that MTP and ABCA1 are critical determinants of plasma sphingolipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Iqbal
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Eastern Region, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meghan T Walsh
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Samar M Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY .,Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY.,Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY
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27
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Ramamurthy B, Cohen S, Canales M, Coffman FD. Three-Dimensional Cellular Raman Analysis: Evidence of Highly Ordered Lipids Within Cell Nuclei. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:889-902. [PMID: 30138043 DOI: 10.1369/0022155418794125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Striking levels of spatial organization exist among and within interphase cell chromosomes, raising the possibility that other nuclear molecular components may also be organized in ways that facilitate nuclear function. To further examine molecular distributions and organization within cell nuclei, we utilized Raman spectroscopy to map distributions of molecular components, with a focus on cellular lipids. Although the vast majority of cellular lipids are associated with membranes, mapping the 2870/2850 cm-1 lipid peak ratios revealed that the most highly ordered lipids within interphase cells are found within cell nuclei. This finding was seen in cells from multiple tissue types, noncancerous cells, and in cancer cell lines of different metastatic potential. These highly ordered lipids colocalize with nuclear chromatin, are present throughout the nuclear volume, and remain colocalized with chromatin through mitosis, when the nuclear envelope has dissociated. Phosphatidylinositol is a major component of the highly ordered lipids. The presence of phosphatidylinositol and other lipids in the nuclear interior is well established, but their highly ordered packing has not been reported and represents a unique finding. The molecular interactions involved in the formation and maintenance of these highly ordered lipids, and their potential effects on nuclear activities, remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagavathi Ramamurthy
- Center for Biophysical Pathology, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Biology, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware
| | - Stanley Cohen
- Center for Biophysical Pathology, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Frederick D Coffman
- Center for Biophysical Pathology, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Health Informatics and Department of Primary Care, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
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28
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Fu P, Ebenezer DL, Ha AW, Suryadevara V, Harijith A, Natarajan V. Nuclear lipid mediators: Role of nuclear sphingolipids and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in epigenetic regulation of inflammation and gene expression. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6337-6353. [PMID: 29377310 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol are integral components of eukaryotic cell organelles, including the nucleus. Recent evidence shows characteristic features of nuclear lipid composition and signaling, which are distinct from that of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. While the nuclear phosphoinositol lipid signaling in cell cycle regulation and differentiation has been well described, there is a paucity on the role of nuclear sphingolipids and sphingolipid signaling in different physiological and pathophysiological human conditions. In this prospective, we describe the role of sphingolipids and specifically focus on the sphingoid bases, such as sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) generation and catabolism in nuclear signaling and function. Particularly, S1P generated in the nucleus by phosphorylation of SPHK2 modulates HDAC activity either by direct binding or through activation of nuclear reactive oxygen species and regulates cell cycle and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Potential implication of association of SPHK2 with the co-repressor complexes and generation of S1P in the nucleus on chromatin remodeling under normal and pathological conditions is discussed. A better understanding of sphingolipid signaling in the nucleus will facilitate the design and development of new and novel therapeutic approaches to modulate expression of pro-inflammatory and cell cycle dependent genes in human pathologies such as cancer, bacterial lung infection, neurodegeneration, and cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
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29
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Kleuser B. Divergent Role of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in Liver Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030722. [PMID: 29510489 PMCID: PMC5877583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two decades ago, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) was discovered as a novel bioactive molecule that regulates a variety of cellular functions. The plethora of S1P-mediated effects is due to the fact that the sphingolipid not only modulates intracellular functions but also acts as a ligand of G protein-coupled receptors after secretion into the extracellular environment. In the plasma, S1P is found in high concentrations, modulating immune cell trafficking and vascular endothelial integrity. The liver is engaged in modulating the plasma S1P content, as it produces apolipoprotein M, which is a chaperone for the S1P transport. Moreover, the liver plays a substantial role in glucose and lipid homeostasis. A dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism is connected with the development of liver diseases such as hepatic insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or liver fibrosis. Recent studies indicate that S1P is involved in liver pathophysiology and contributes to the development of liver diseases. In this review, the current state of knowledge about S1P and its signaling in the liver is summarized with a specific focus on the dysregulation of S1P signaling in obesity-mediated liver diseases. Thus, the modulation of S1P signaling can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
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30
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Sheng L, Li Z. Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside may improve neurological outcomes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183490. [PMID: 28832625 PMCID: PMC5568297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ganglioside has a neuroprotective role in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This study aimed to evaluate the neurological outcomes of monosialoganglioside as adjuvant treatment for neonatal HIE by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was made in the Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI, VIP databases through October 2016. Randomized controlled trials comparing monosialoganglioside with the usual treatment for newborns having HIE deemed eligible. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for continuous and dichotomous data, respectively. Results Ten trials consisting of 787 neonates were included. Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside significantly reduced major neurodevelopmental disabilities (RR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.21–0.57), cerebral palsy (RR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.12–0.87), mental retardation (RR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.11–0.88) as well as improved the mental (WMD = 14.95; 95% CI = 7.44–22.46) and psychomotive (WMD = 13.40; 95% CI = 6.69–20.11) development index during the follow-up. Also, monosialoganglioside significantly improved Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment scores (WMD = 2.91; 95% CI = 2.05–3.78) compared with the usual treatment. However, adverse effects associated with monosialoganglioside were poorly reported in the included trials. Conclusion Adjuvant treatment with monosialoganglioside had beneficial effects in improving neurological outcomes in neonatal HIE. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution because of methodological flaws in the included trials. Furthermore, safety of monosialoganglioside use should also be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- * E-mail:
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31
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Moruno-Manchon JF, Uzor NE, Blasco-Conesa MP, Mannuru S, Putluri N, Furr-Stimming EE, Tsvetkov AS. Inhibiting sphingosine kinase 2 mitigates mutant Huntingtin-induced neurodegeneration in neuron models of Huntington disease. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1305-1317. [PMID: 28175299 PMCID: PMC6251541 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is the most common inherited neurodegenerative disorder. It has no cure. The protein huntingtin causes HD, and mutations to it confer toxic functions to the protein that lead to neurodegeneration. Thus, identifying modifiers of mutant huntingtin-mediated neurotoxicity might be a therapeutic strategy for HD. Sphingosine kinases 1 (SK1) and 2 (SK2) synthesize sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid messenger critically involved in many vital cellular processes, such as cell survival. In the nucleus, SK2 binds to and inhibits histone deacetylases 1 and 2 (HDAC1/2). Inhibiting both HDACs has been suggested as a potential therapy in HD. Here, we found that SK2 is nuclear in primary neurons and, unexpectedly, overexpressed SK2 is neurotoxic in a dose-dependent manner. SK2 promotes DNA double-strand breaks in cultured primary neurons. We also found that SK2 is hyperphosphorylated in the brain samples from a model of HD, the BACHD mice. These data suggest that the SK2 pathway may be a part of a pathogenic pathway in HD. ABC294640, an inhibitor of SK2, reduces DNA damage in neurons and increases survival in two neuron models of HD. Our results identify a novel regulator of mutant huntingtin-mediated neurotoxicity and provide a new target for developing therapies for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F. Moruno-Manchon
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ndidi-Ese Uzor
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria P. Blasco-Conesa
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sishira Mannuru
- The University of Texas Medical Training Program, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erin E. Furr-Stimming
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrey S. Tsvetkov
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Ebenezer DL, Fu P, Suryadevara V, Zhao Y, Natarajan V. Epigenetic regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in acute lung injury: Role of S1P lyase. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 63:156-166. [PMID: 27720306 PMCID: PMC5292070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cellular level of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the simplest bioactive sphingolipid, is tightly regulated by its synthesis catalyzed by sphingosine kinases (SphKs) 1 & 2 and degradation mediated by S1P phosphatases, lipid phosphate phosphatases, and S1P lyase. The pleotropic actions of S1P are attributed to its unique inside-out (extracellular) signaling via G-protein-coupled S1P1-5 receptors, and intracellular receptor independent signaling. Additionally, S1P generated in the nucleus by nuclear SphK2 modulates HDAC1/2 activity, regulates histone acetylation, and transcription of pro-inflammatory genes. Here, we present data on the role of S1P lyase mediated S1P signaling in regulating LPS-induced inflammation in lung endothelium. Blocking S1P lyase expression or activity attenuated LPS-induced histone acetylation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Degradation of S1P by S1P lyase generates Δ2-hexadecenal and ethanolamine phosphate and the long-chain fatty aldehyde produced in the cytoplasmic compartment of the endothelial cell seems to modulate histone acetylation pattern, which is different from the nuclear SphK2/S1P signaling and inhibition of HDAC1/2. These in vitro studies suggest that S1P derived long-chain fatty aldehyde may be an epigenetic regulator of pro-inflammatory genes in sepsis-induced lung inflammation. Trapping fatty aldehydes and other short chain aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal derived from S1P degradation and lipid peroxidation, respectively by cell permeable agents such as phloretin or other aldehyde trapping agents may be useful in treating sepsis-induced lung inflammation via modulation of histone acetylation. .
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vidyani Suryadevara
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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33
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Johannes L, Wunder C, Shafaq-Zadah M. Glycolipids and Lectins in Endocytic Uptake Processes. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:S0022-2836(16)30453-3. [PMID: 27984039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A host of endocytic processes has been described at the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Their categorization has most commonly referenced cytosolic machinery, of which the clathrin coat has occupied a preponderant position. In what concerns intra-membrane constituents, the focus of interest has been on phosphatidylinositol lipids and their capacity to orchestrate endocytic events on the cytosolic leaflet of the membrane. The contribution of extracellular determinants to the construction of endocytic pits has received much less attention, depite the fact that (glyco)sphingolipids are exoplasmic leaflet fabric of membrane domains, termed rafts, whose contributions to predominantly clathrin-independent internalization processes is well recognized. Furthermore, sugar modifications on extracellular domains of proteins, and sugar-binding proteins, termed lectins, have also been linked to the uptake of endocytic cargoes at the plasma membrane. In this review, we first summarize these contributions by extracellular determinants to the endocytic process. We thus propose a molecular hypothesis - termed the GL-Lect hypothesis - on how GlycoLipids and Lectins drive the formation of compositional nanoenvrionments from which the endocytic uptake of glycosylated cargo proteins is operated via clathrin-independent carriers. Finally, we position this hypothesis within the global context of endocytic pathway proposals that have emerged in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Christian Wunder
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Massiullah Shafaq-Zadah
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery unit, INSERM, U 1143, CNRS, UMR 3666, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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34
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Nuclear Lipids in the Nervous System: What they do in Health and Disease. Neurochem Res 2016; 42:321-336. [PMID: 27766461 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years it has been widely demonstrated that cell nucleus contains neutral and polar lipids localized in nuclear membranes, nucleoli, nuclear matrix and chromatin. Nuclear lipids may show specific organization forming nuclear lipid microdomains and have both structural and functional roles. Depending on their localization, nuclear lipids play different roles such as the regulation of nuclear membrane and nuclear matrix fluidity but they also can act as platforms for vitamin and hormone function, for active chromatin anchoring, and for the regulation of gene expression, DNA duplication and transcription. Crosstalk among different kinds of lipid signalling pathways influence the physiopathology of numerous cell types. In neural cells the nuclear lipids are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, migration and apoptosis. Abnormal metabolism of nuclear lipids might be closely associated with tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease among others.
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35
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Itokazu Y, Tsai YT, Yu RK. Epigenetic regulation of ganglioside expression in neural stem cells and neuronal cells. Glycoconj J 2016; 34:749-756. [PMID: 27540730 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The structural diversity and localization of cell surface glycosphingolipids (GSLs), including gangliosides, in glycolipid-enriched microdomains (GEMs, also known as lipid rafts) render them ideally suited to play important roles in mediating intercellular recognition, interactions, adhesion, receptor function, and signaling. Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing GSLs, are most abundant in the nerve tissues. The quantity and expression pattern of gangliosides in brain change drastically throughout development and these changes are mainly regulated through stage-specific expression of glycosyltransferase genes. We previously demonstrated for the first time that efficient histone acetylation of the glycosyltransferase genes in mouse brain contributes to the developmental alteration of ganglioside expression. We further demonstrated that acetylation of histones H3 and H4 on the N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase I (GalNAcT, GA2/GM2/GD2/GT2-synthase; B4galnt1) gene promoter resulted in recruitment of trans-activation factors. In addition, we showed that epigenetic activation of the GalNAcT gene was detected and accompanied by an apparent induction of neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) responding to an exogenous supplement of ganglioside GM1. Most recently, we found that nuclear GM1 binds with acetylated histones on the promoters of the GalNAcT as well as on the NeuroD1 genes in differentiated neurons. Here, we will introduce epigenetic regulation of ganglioside synthase genes in neural development and neuronal differentiation of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Itokazu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
| | - Yi-Tzang Tsai
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
| | - Robert K Yu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. .,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.
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36
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Abstract
Phospholipases are lipid-metabolizing enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids. In some cases, their activity results in remodeling of lipids and/or allows the synthesis of other lipids. In other cases, however, and of interest to the topic of adrenal steroidogenesis, phospholipases produce second messengers that modify the function of a cell. In this review, the enzymatic reactions, products, and effectors of three phospholipases, phospholipase C, phospholipase D, and phospholipase A2, are discussed. Although much data have been obtained concerning the role of phospholipases C and D in regulating adrenal steroid hormone production, there are still many gaps in our knowledge. Furthermore, little is known about the involvement of phospholipase A2, perhaps, in part, because this enzyme comprises a large family of related enzymes that are differentially regulated and with different functions. This review presents the evidence supporting the role of each of these phospholipases in steroidogenesis in the adrenal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterOne Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, USA Department of PhysiologyMedical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University), Augusta, GA, USA
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37
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Voelzmann A, Wulf AL, Eckardt F, Thielisch M, Brondolin M, Pesch YY, Sociale M, Bauer R, Hoch M. NuclearDrosophilaCerS Schlank regulates lipid homeostasis via the homeodomain, independent of the lag1p motif. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:971-81. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Voelzmann
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Wulf
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Franka Eckardt
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Melanie Thielisch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Mirco Brondolin
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Yanina-Yasmin Pesch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Mariangela Sociale
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Michael Hoch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
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38
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Tsai YT, Itokazu Y, Yu RK. GM1 Ganglioside is Involved in Epigenetic Activation Loci of Neuronal Cells. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:107-15. [PMID: 26498762 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids that are most abundant in the nerve tissues. The quantity and expression pattern of gangliosides in brain change drastically throughout development and are mainly regulated through stage-specific expression of glycosyltransferase (ganglioside synthase) genes. We previously demonstrated that acetylation of histones H3 and H4 on the N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase I (GalNAcT, GA2/GM2/GD2/GT2-synthase) gene promoter resulted in recruitment of trans-activation factors. In addition, we reported that epigenetic activation of the GalNAcT gene was also detected as accompanied by an apparent induction of neuronal differentiation in neural stem cells responding to an exogenous supplement of ganglioside GM1. Here, we present evidence supporting the concept that nuclear GM1 is associated with gene regulation in neuronal cells. We found that nuclear GM1 binds acetylated histones on the promoters of the GalNAcT and NeuroD1 genes in differentiated neurons. Our study demonstrates for the first time that GM1 interacts with chromatin via acetylated histones at the nuclear periphery of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tzang Tsai
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
| | - Yutaka Itokazu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA
| | - Robert K Yu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.
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39
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Vonkova I, Saliba AE, Deghou S, Anand K, Ceschia S, Doerks T, Galih A, Kugler K, Maeda K, Rybin V, van Noort V, Ellenberg J, Bork P, Gavin AC. Lipid Cooperativity as a General Membrane-Recruitment Principle for PH Domains. Cell Rep 2015; 12:1519-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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40
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Palmano K, Rowan A, Guillermo R, Guan J, McJarrow P. The role of gangliosides in neurodevelopment. Nutrients 2015; 7:3891-913. [PMID: 26007338 PMCID: PMC4446785 DOI: 10.3390/nu7053891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are important components of neuronal cell membranes and it is widely accepted that they play a critical role in neuronal and brain development. They are functionally involved in neurotransmission and are thought to support the formation and stabilization of functional synapses and neural circuits required as the structural basis of memory and learning. Available evidence, as reviewed herein, suggests that dietary gangliosides may impact positively on cognitive functions, particularly in the early postnatal period when the brain is still growing. Further, new evidence suggests that the mechanism of action may be through an effect on the neuroplasticity of the brain, mediated through enhanced synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and nigro-striatal dopaminergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Rowan
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd., Private Bag 11029, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Rozey Guillermo
- Centre for Brain Research, Auckland University, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Jian Guan
- Centre for Brain Research, Auckland University, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Paul McJarrow
- Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd., Private Bag 11029, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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41
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Razin SV, Borunova VV, Iarovaia OV, Vassetzky YS. Nuclear matrix and structural and functional compartmentalization of the eucaryotic cell nucleus. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:608-18. [PMID: 25108324 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914070037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Becoming popular at the end of the 20th century, the concept of the nuclear matrix implies the existence of a nuclear skeleton that organizes functional elements in the cell nucleus. This review presents a critical analysis of the results obtained in the study of nuclear matrix in the light of current views on the organization of the cell nucleus. Numerous studies of nuclear matrix have failed to provide evidence of the existence of such a structure. Moreover, the existence of a filamentous structure that supports the nuclear compartmentalization appears to be unnecessary, since this function is performed by the folded genome itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Razin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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42
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Gay S, Foiani M. Nuclear envelope and chromatin, lock and key of genome integrity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 317:267-330. [PMID: 26008788 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
More than as an inert separation between the inside and outside of the nucleus, the nuclear envelope (NE) constitutes an active toll, which controls the import and export of molecules, and also a hub for a diversity of genomic processes, such as transcription, DNA repair, and chromatin dynamics. Proteins localized at the inner surface of the NE (such as lamins, nuclear pore proteins, lamin-associated proteins) interact with chromatin in a dynamic manner, contributing to the establishment of topological domains. In this review, we address the complex interplay between chromatin and NE. We discuss the divergence of this cross talk during evolution and comment both on the current established models and the most recent findings. In particular, we focus our attention on how the NE cooperates with chromatin in protecting the genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gay
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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43
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GM1 Ganglioside: Past Studies and Future Potential. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:1824-1842. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Voccoli V, Tonazzini I, Signore G, Caleo M, Cecchini M. Role of extracellular calcium and mitochondrial oxygen species in psychosine-induced oligodendrocyte cell death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1529. [PMID: 25412308 PMCID: PMC4260741 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene. GALC is a lysosomal enzyme whose function is to degrade galacto-lipids, including galactosyl-ceramide and galactosyl-sphingosine (psychosine, PSY). GALC loss of function causes progressive intracellular accumulation of PSY. It is widely held that PSY is the main trigger for the degeneration of myelinating cells and progressive white-matter loss. However, still little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which PSY imparts toxicity. Here, we address the role of calcium dynamics during PSY-induced cell death. Using the human oligodendrocyte cell line MO3.13, we report that cell death by PSY is accompanied by robust cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium (Ca(2+)) elevations, and by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Importantly, we demonstrate that the reduction of extracellular calcium content by the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can decrease intra-mitochondrial ROS production and enhance cell viability. Antioxidant administration also reduces mitochondrial ROS production and cell loss, but this treatment does not synergize with Ca(2+) chelation. Our results disclose novel intracellular pathways involved in PSY-induced death that may be exploited for therapeutic purposes to delay GLD onset and/or slow down its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Voccoli
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - I Tonazzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Signore
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Caleo
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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45
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c-Fos-activated synthesis of nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P₂] promotes global transcriptional changes. Biochem J 2014; 461:521-30. [PMID: 24819416 DOI: 10.1042/bj20131376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
c-Fos is a well-recognized member of the AP-1 (activator protein-1) family of transcription factors. In addition to this canonical activity, we previously showed that cytoplasmic c-Fos activates phospholipid synthesis through a mechanism independent of its genomic AP-1 activity. c-Fos associates with particular enzymes of the lipid synthesis pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum and increases the Vmax of the reactions without modifying the Km values. This lipid synthesis activation is associated with events of differentiation and proliferation that require high rates of membrane biogenesis. Since lipid synthesis also occurs in the nucleus, and different phospholipids have been assigned transcription regulatory functions, in the present study we examine if c-Fos also acts as a regulator of phospholipid synthesis in the nucleus. Furthermore, we examine if c-Fos modulates transcription through its phospholipid synthesis activator capacity. We show that nuclear-localized c-Fos associates with and activates PI4P5K (phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate 5-kinase), but not with PI4KIIIβ (type IIIβ phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase) thus promoting PtdIns(4,5)P₂ (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) formation, which, in turn, promotes transcriptional changes. We propose c-Fos as a key regulator of nuclear PtdIns(4,5)P₂ synthesis in response to growth signals that results in c-Fos-dependent transcriptional changes promoted by the newly synthesized lipids.
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46
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Taniguchi M, Okazaki T. The role of sphingomyelin and sphingomyelin synthases in cell death, proliferation and migration—from cell and animal models to human disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:692-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Kraft ML, Klitzing HA. Imaging lipids with secondary ion mass spectrometry. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1108-19. [PMID: 24657337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the application of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and magnetic sector SIMS with high lateral resolution performed on a Cameca NanoSIMS 50(L) to imaging lipids. The similarities between the two SIMS approaches and the differences that impart them with complementary strengths are described, and various strategies for sample preparation and to optimize the quality of the SIMS data are presented. Recent reports that demonstrate the new insight into lipid biochemistry that can be acquired with SIMS are also highlighted. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Kraft
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Haley A Klitzing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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48
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Blind RD. Disentangling biological signaling networks by dynamic coupling of signaling lipids to modifying enzymes. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 54:25-38. [PMID: 24176936 PMCID: PMC3946453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An unresolved problem in biological signal transduction is how particular branches of highly interconnected signaling networks can be decoupled, allowing activation of specific circuits within complex signaling architectures. Although signaling dynamics and spatiotemporal mechanisms serve critical roles, it remains unclear if these are the only ways cells achieve specificity within networks. The transcription factor Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1) is an excellent model to address this question, as it forms dynamic complexes with several chemically distinct lipid species (phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylcholines and sphingolipids). This property is important since lipids bound to SF-1 are modified by lipid signaling enzymes (IPMK & PTEN), regulating SF-1 biological activity in gene expression. Thus, a particular SF-1/lipid complex can interface with a lipid signaling enzyme only if SF-1 has been loaded with a chemically compatible lipid substrate. This mechanism permits dynamic downstream responsiveness to constant upstream input, disentangling specific pathways from the full network. The potential of this paradigm to apply generally to nuclear lipid signaling is discussed, with particular attention given to the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors and their phospholipid ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond D Blind
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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49
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Martins IJ, Creegan R. Links between Insulin Resistance, Lipoprotein Metabolism and Amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s Disease. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.612190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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50
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Truman JP, García-Barros M, Obeid LM, Hannun YA. Evolving concepts in cancer therapy through targeting sphingolipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:1174-88. [PMID: 24384461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional methods of cancer treatment are limited in their efficacy due to both inherent and acquired factors. Many different studies have shown that the generation of ceramide in response to cytotoxic therapy is generally an important step leading to cell death. Cancer cells employ different methods to both limit ceramide generation and to remove ceramide in order to become resistant to treatment. Furthermore, sphingosine kinase activity, which phosphorylates sphingosine the product of ceramide hydrolysis, has been linked to multidrug resistance, and can act as a strong survival factor. This review will examine several of the most frequently used cancer therapies and their effect on both ceramide generation and the mechanisms employed to remove it. The development and use of inhibitors of sphingosine kinase will be focused upon as an example of how targeting sphingolipid metabolism may provide an effective means to improve treatment response rates and reduce associated treatment toxicity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philip Truman
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Mónica García-Barros
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA; Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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