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Harmych SJ, Tydings CW, Meiler J, Singh B. Sequence and structural insights of monoleucine-based sorting motifs contained within the cytoplasmic domains of basolateral proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1379224. [PMID: 38495621 PMCID: PMC10940456 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1379224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Delivery to the correct membrane domain in polarized epithelial cells is a critical regulatory mechanism for transmembrane proteins. The trafficking of these proteins is directed by short amino acid sequences known as sorting motifs. In six basolaterally-localized proteins lacking the canonical tyrosine- and dileucine-based basolateral sorting motifs, a monoleucine-based sorting motif has been identified. This review will discuss these proteins with an identified monoleucine-based sorting motif, their conserved structural features, as well as the future directions of study for this non-canonical basolateral sorting motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Harmych
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Claiborne W. Tydings
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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2
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Chiang CY, Zhang M, Huang J, Zeng J, Chen C, Pan D, Yang H, Zhang T, Yang M, Han Q, Wang Z, Xiao T, Chen Y, Zou Y, Yin F, Li Z, Zhu L, Zheng D. A novel selective ERK1/2 inhibitor, Laxiflorin B, targets EGFR mutation subtypes in non-small-cell lung cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:422-435. [PMID: 37816856 PMCID: PMC10789733 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01164-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) are key members of multiple signaling pathways, including the ErbB axis. Ectopic ERK1/2 activation contributes to various types of cancer, especially drug resistance to inhibitors of RTK, RAF and MEK, and specific ERK1/2 inhibitors are scarce. In this study, we identified a potential novel covalent ERK inhibitor, Laxiflorin B, which is a herbal compound with anticancer activity. However, Laxiflorin B is present at low levels in herbs; therefore, we adopted a semi-synthetic process for the efficient production of Laxiflorin B to improve the yield. Laxiflorin B induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via BAD activation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, especially in EGFR mutant subtypes. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that Laxiflorin B inhibits amphiregulin (AREG) and epiregulin (EREG) expression through ERK inhibition, and suppressed the activation of their receptors, ErbBs, via a positive feedback loop. Moreover, mass spectrometry analysis combined with computer simulation revealed that Laxiflorin B binds covalently to Cys-183 in the ATP-binding pocket of ERK1 via the D-ring, and Cys-178 of ERK1 through non-inhibitory binding of the A-ring. In a NSCLC tumor xenograft model in nude mice, Laxiflorin B also exhibited strong tumor suppressive effects with low toxicity and AREG and EREG were identified as biomarkers of Laxiflorin B efficacy. Finally, Laxiflorin B-4, a C-6 analog of Laxiflorin B, exhibited higher binding affinity for ERK1/2 and stronger tumor suppression. These findings provide a new approach to tumor inhibition using natural anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yao Chiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junrong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Juan Zeng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chunlan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dongmei Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Min Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiangqiang Han
- SpecAlly Life Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430075, China
- Wuhan Biobank Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zou Wang
- Wuhan Biobank Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Xili, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zigang Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen University Town, Xili, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lizhi Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Duo Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School; College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Jones VT, Graves-Deal R, Cao Z, Bogatcheva G, Ramirez MA, Harmych SJ, Higginbotham JN, Sharma V, Damalanka VC, Wahoski CC, Joshi N, Irudayam MJ, Roland JT, Ayers GD, Liu Q, Coffey RJ, Janetka JW, Singh B. Inhibition of autocrine HGF maturation overcomes cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:28. [PMID: 38212428 PMCID: PMC10784391 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Although amplifications and mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) act as bona fide oncogenes, in most cancers, RTKs maintain moderate expression and remain wild-type. Consequently, cognate ligands control many facets of tumorigenesis, including resistance to anti-RTK therapies. Herein, we show that the ligands for the RTKs MET and RON, HGF and HGFL, respectively, are synthesized as inactive precursors that are activated by cellular proteases. Our newly generated HGF/HGFL protease inhibitors could overcome both de novo and acquired cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). Conversely, HGF overexpression was necessary and sufficient to induce cetuximab resistance and loss of polarity. Moreover, HGF-induced cetuximab resistance could be overcome by the downstream MET inhibitor, crizotinib, and upstream protease inhibitors. Additionally, HAI-1, an endogenous inhibitor of HGF proteases, (i) was downregulated in CRC, (ii) exhibited increased genomic methylation that correlated with poor prognosis, (iii) HAI-1 expression correlated with cetuximab response in a panel of cancer cell lines, and (iv) exogenous addition of recombinant HAI-1 overcame cetuximab resistance in CC-HGF cells. Thus, we describe a targetable, autocrine HAI-1/Protease/HGF/MET axis in cetuximab resistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Truong Jones
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ramona Graves-Deal
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Galina Bogatcheva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Marisol A Ramirez
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sarah J Harmych
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - James N Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Vishnu C Damalanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Claudia C Wahoski
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Neeraj Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Maria Johnson Irudayam
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gregory D Ayers
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - James W Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 10465J, MRB IV, 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232-0441, USA.
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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4
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Sharma S, Rana R, Prakash P, Ganguly NK. Drug target therapy and emerging clinical relevance of exosomes in meningeal tumors. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:127-170. [PMID: 37016182 PMCID: PMC10072821 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumor. In recent decades, several efforts have been made to eradicate this disease. Surgery and radiotherapy remain the standard treatment options for these tumors. Drug therapy comes to play its role when both surgery and radiotherapy fail to treat the tumor. This mostly happens when the tumors are close to vital brain structures and are nonbenign. Although a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs and molecular targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, alkylating agents, endocrine drugs, interferon, and targeted molecular pathway inhibitors have been studied, the roles of numerous drugs remain unexplored. Recent interest is growing toward studying and engineering exosomes for the treatment of different types of cancer including meningioma. The latest studies have shown the involvement of exosomes in the theragnostic of various cancers such as the lung and pancreas in the form of biomarkers, drug delivery vehicles, and vaccines. Proper attention to this new emerging technology can be a boon in finding the consistent treatment of meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060 India
| | - Rashmi Rana
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060 India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
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5
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Nelson H, Qu S, Franklin JL, Liu Q, Pua HH, Vickers KC, Weaver AM, Coffey RJ, Patton JG. Extracellular RNA in oncogenesis, metastasis and drug resistance. RNA Biol 2024; 21:17-31. [PMID: 39107918 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2385607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles (EVPs) are now recognized as a novel form of cell-cell communication. All cells release a wide array of heterogeneous EVPs with distinct protein, lipid, and RNA content, dependent on the pathophysiological state of the donor cell. The overall cargo content in EVPs is not equivalent to cellular levels, implying a regulated pathway for selection and export. In cancer, release and uptake of EVPs within the tumour microenvironment can influence growth, proliferation, invasiveness, and immune evasion. Secreted EVPs can also have distant, systemic effects that can promote metastasis. Here, we review current knowledge of EVP biogenesis and cargo selection with a focus on the role that extracellular RNA plays in oncogenesis and metastasis. Almost all subtypes of RNA have been identified in EVPs, with miRNAs being the best characterized. We review the roles of specific miRNAs that have been detected in EVPs and that play a role in oncogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sherman Qu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Franklin
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heather H Pua
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kasey C Vickers
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James G Patton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Extracellular Vesicle Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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6
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Zheng L, Luthra R, Alvarez HA, San Lucas FA, Duose DY, Wistuba II, Fuller GN, Ballester LY, Roy-Chowdhuri S, Sweeney KJ, Rashid A, Yang RK, Chen W, Liu A, Wu Y, Albarracin C, Patel KP, Routbort MJ, Sahin AA, Ding Q, Chen H. Intragenic EGFR::EGFR.E1E8 Fusion (EGFRvIII) in 4331 Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:6. [PMID: 38201434 PMCID: PMC10778229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII, the deletion of exons 2-7) is a recurrent intragenic EGFR::EGFR.E1E8 fusion that occurs in high-grade gliomas. The presence of EGFRvIII in other solid tumors has not been well characterized. We retrospectively reviewed advanced malignant solid tumor cases tested by a custom hybrid capture 610-gene next-generation sequencing platform from 2021 to 2022. EGFRvIII was identified in 17 of 4331 (0.4%) cases, including 16 of 238 (7%) brain tumors and 1/301 (0.3%) breast tumors. EGFRvIII-positive brain tumors were all glioblastoma IDH-wildtype, most with concurrent TERT promoter mutation (14 of 16), EGFR amplification (13 of 16), and EGFR mutation (8 of 16). The only EGFRvIII-positive breast lesion was a sarcomatoid neoplasm in a young female patient. A separate breast case tested outside our institution with reported EGFRvIII was noted in a young female patient with a malignant phyllodes tumor with stromal overgrowth. Microscopically, both EGFRvIII-positive breast tumors showed high-grade sarcomatoid morphology with brisk mitotic activity. In summary, EGFRvIII is rare, occurring primarily in glioblastoma and rarely in breast sarcomatoid neoplasm, with no instances identified in other tumor types in our series. This select group of patients may benefit from chemotherapy and/or targeted anti-EGFR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Hector A. Alvarez
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - F. Anthony San Lucas
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Dzifa Y. Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (I.I.W.)
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (I.I.W.)
| | - Gregory N. Fuller
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Leomar Y. Ballester
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Keith J. Sweeney
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Richard K. Yang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Audrey Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Constance Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Keyur P. Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Mark J. Routbort
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (H.A.A.)
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (Y.W.); (C.A.); (A.A.S.)
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7
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Ma JY, Ting S, Tam B, Pham T, Reich M, Mesirov J, Tamayo P, Kim W. Deciphering the Functional Roles of Individual Cancer Alleles Across Comprehensive Cancer Genomic Studies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.14.567106. [PMID: 38014215 PMCID: PMC10680728 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.567106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer genome data has been growing in both size and complexity, primarily driven by advances in next-generation sequencing technologies, such as Pan-cancer data from TCGA, ICGC, and single-cell sequencing. Yet, discerning the functional role of individual genomic lesions remains a substantial challenge due to the complexity and scale of the data. Previously, we introduced REVEALER, which identifies groups of genomic alterations that significantly associate with target functional profiles or phenotypes, such as pathway activation, gene dependency, or drug response. In this paper, we present a new mathematical formulation of the algorithm. This version (REVEALER 2.0) is considerably more powerful than the original, allowing for rapid processing and analysis of much larger datasets and facilitating higher-resolution discoveries at the level of individual alleles. REVEALER 2.0 employs the Conditional Information Coefficient (CIC) to pinpoint features that are either complementary or mutually exclusive but still correlate with the target functional profile. The aggregation of these features provides a better explanation for the target functional profile than any single alteration on its own. This is indicative of scenarios where several activating genomic lesions can initiate or stimulate a key pathway or process. We replaced the initial three-dimensional kernel estimation with multiple precomputed one-dimensional kernel estimations, resulting in an approximate 150x increase in speed and efficiency. This improvement, combined with its efficient execution, makes REVEALER 2.0 suitable for much larger datasets and a more extensive range of genomic challenges.
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8
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Carlin CR, Ngalula S. Loss of EGF receptor polarity enables homeostatic imbalance in epithelial-cell models. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar116. [PMID: 37647145 PMCID: PMC10846618 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-04-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The polarized distribution of membrane proteins into apical and basolateral domains provides the basis for specialized functions of epithelial tissues. The EGF receptor (EGFR) plays important roles in embryonic development, adult-epithelial tissue homeostasis, and growth and survival of many carcinomas. Typically targeted to basolateral domains, there is also considerable evidence of EGFR sorting plasticity but very limited knowledge regarding domain-specific EGFR substrates. Here we have investigated effects of selective EGFR mistargeting because of inactive-basolateral sorting signals on epithelial-cell homeostatic responses to growth-induced stress in MDCK cell models. Aberrant EGFR localization was associated with multilayer formation, anchorage-independent growth, and upregulated expression of the intermediate filament-protein vimentin characteristically seen in cells undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. EGFRs were selectively retained following their internalization from apical membranes, and a signaling pathway involving the signaling adaptor Gab1 protein and extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK5 had an essential role integrating multiple responses to growth-induced stress. Our studies highlight the potential importance of cellular machinery specifying EGFR polarity in epithelial pathologies associated with homeostatic imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4970
- Case Western Reserve University Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4970
| | - Syntyche Ngalula
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4970
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9
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Schultz DF, Billadeau DD, Jois SD. EGFR trafficking: effect of dimerization, dynamics, and mutation. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1258371. [PMID: 37752992 PMCID: PMC10518470 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1258371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous dimerization of EGF receptors (EGFR) and dysregulation of EGFR signaling has been associated with the development of different cancers. Under normal physiological conditions and to maintain homeostatic cell growth, once EGFR signaling occurs, it needs to be attenuated. Activated EGFRs are rapidly internalized, sorted through early endosomes, and ultimately degraded in lysosomes by a process generally known as receptor down-regulation. Through alterations to EGFR trafficking, tumors develop resistance to current treatment strategies, thus highlighting the necessity for combination treatment strategies that target EGFR trafficking. This review covers EGFR structure, trafficking, and altered surface expression of EGFR receptors in cancer, with a focus on how therapy targeting EGFR trafficking may aid tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel D. Billadeau
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Seetharama D. Jois
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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10
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Cable J, Witwer KW, Coffey RJ, Milosavljevic A, von Lersner AK, Jimenez L, Pucci F, Barr MM, Dekker N, Barman B, Humphrys D, Williams J, de Palma M, Guo W, Bastos N, Hill AF, Levy E, Hantak MP, Crewe C, Aikawa E, Adamczyk AM, Zanotto TM, Ostrowski M, Arab T, Rabe DC, Sheikh A, da Silva DR, Jones JC, Okeoma C, Gaborski T, Zhang Q, Gololobova O. Exosomes, microvesicles, and other extracellular vesicles-a Keystone Symposia report. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1523:24-37. [PMID: 36961472 PMCID: PMC10715677 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, lipid-bilayer-bound particles released by cells that can contain important bioactive molecules, including lipids, RNAs, and proteins. Once released in the extracellular environment, EVs can act as messengers locally as well as to distant tissues to coordinate tissue homeostasis and systemic responses. There is a growing interest in not only understanding the physiology of EVs as signaling particles but also leveraging them as minimally invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers (e.g., they can be found in biofluids) and drug-delivery vehicles. On October 30-November 2, 2022, researchers in the EV field convened for the Keystone symposium "Exosomes, Microvesicles, and Other Extracellular Vesicles" to discuss developing standardized language and methodology, new data on the basic biology of EVs and potential clinical utility, as well as novel technologies to isolate and characterize EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljevic
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center; and Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Lizandra Jimenez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ferdinando Pucci
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Maureen M Barr
- Department of Genetics and Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Niek Dekker
- Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bahnisikha Barman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Justin Williams
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Michele de Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL); Agora Cancer Research Center; and Swiss Cancer Center Léman (SCCL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Biology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nuno Bastos
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; IPATIMUP Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology; and ICBAS Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles; Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University and Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Efrat Levy
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology; and NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael P Hantak
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Tamires M Zanotto
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matias Ostrowski
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tanina Arab
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel C Rabe
- Mass General Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aadil Sheikh
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Jennifer C Jones
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of Pathology and Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chioma Okeoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Gaborski
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Olesia Gololobova
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Gatto L, Franceschi E, Tosoni A, Di Nunno V, Bartolini S, Brandes AA. Glioblastoma treatment slowly moves toward change: novel druggable targets and translational horizons in 2022. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:269-286. [PMID: 36718723 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2174097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. GBM treatment options have been the same for the past 30 years and have only modestly extended survival, despite aggressive multimodal treatments. The progressively better knowledge of GBM biology and a comprehensive analysis of its genomic profile have elucidated GBM heterogeneity, contributing to a more effective molecular classification and to the development of innovative targeted therapeutic approaches. AREAS COVERED This article reports all the noteworthy innovations for immunotherapy and targeted therapy, providing insights into the current advances in trial designs, including combination therapies with immuno-oncology agents and target combinations. EXPERT OPINION GBM molecular heterogeneity and brain anatomical characteristics critically restrain drug effectiveness. Nevertheless, stimulating insights for future research and drug development come from innovative treatment strategies for GBM, such as multi-specific 'off-the-shelf' CAR-T therapy, oncolytic viral therapy and autologous dendritic cell vaccination. Disappointing results from targeted therapies-clinical trials are mainly due to complex interferences between signaling pathways and biological processes leading to drug resistance: hence, it is imperative in the future to develop combinatorial approaches and multimodal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Gatto
- Department of Oncology, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Franceschi
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alicia Tosoni
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Bartolini
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alba Ariela Brandes
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Glass SE, Coffey RJ. Recent Advances in the Study of Extracellular Vesicles in Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1188-1197. [PMID: 35724732 PMCID: PMC9613516 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There has been significant progress in the study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) since the 2017 American Gastroenterological Association-sponsored Freston Conference "Extracellular Vesicles: Biology, Translation and Clinical Application in GI Disorders." The burgeoning interest in this field stems from the increasing recognition that EVs represent an understudied form of cell-to-cell communication and contain cargo replete with biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This short review will highlight recent advances in the field, with an emphasis on colorectal cancer. After a brief introduction to secreted particles, we will describe how our laboratory became interested in EVs, which led to refined methods of isolation and identification of 2 secreted nanoparticles. We will then summarize the cargo found in small EVs released from colorectal cancer cells and other cells in the tumor microenvironment, as well as those found in the circulation of patients with colorectal cancer. Finally, we will consider the continuing challenges and future opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Glass
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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13
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Chava S, Bugide S, Zhang X, Gupta R, Wajapeyee N. Betacellulin promotes tumor development and EGFR mutant lung cancer growth by stimulating the EGFR pathway and suppressing apoptosis. iScience 2022; 25:104211. [PMID: 35494243 PMCID: PMC9048069 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in the EGFR gene account for 15-20% of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cases. However, the mechanism for EGFR driven tumor development and growth is not fully understood. Here, using an mRNA expression profiling-based approach we identified betacellulin (BTC) as one the gene upregulated by oncogenic EGFR in an MAP kinase-dependent manner. BTC protein expression was markedly increased in LUAD patient samples compared to normal lung tissue, with higher expression in EGFR-mutant LUAD. BTC was sufficient to transform immortalized mouse cells, initiate tumor development in mice, and promote the survival of immortalized human lung epithelial cells. Conversely, knockdown of BTC inhibited the growth of EGFR-mutant human LUAD cells in culture and their tumor-forming ability in mice. Mechanistically, BTC knockdown resulted in attenuated EGFR signaling and apoptosis induction. Collectively, these results demonstrate a key role of BTC in EGFR-mutant LUAD, with potential therapeutic implications in LUAD and other EGFR-mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Chava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Suresh Bugide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Romi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Narendra Wajapeyee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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14
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Endocytosis at the Crossroad of Polarity and Signaling Regulation: Learning from Drosophila melanogaster and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094684. [PMID: 35563080 PMCID: PMC9101507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular trafficking through the endosomal–lysosomal system is essential for the transport of cargo proteins, receptors and lipids from the plasma membrane inside the cells and across membranous organelles. By acting as sorting stations, vesicle compartments direct the fate of their content for degradation, recycling to the membrane or transport to the trans-Golgi network. To effectively communicate with their neighbors, cells need to regulate their compartmentation and guide their signaling machineries to cortical membranes underlying these contact sites. Endosomal trafficking is indispensable for the polarized distribution of fate determinants, adaptors and junctional proteins. Conversely, endocytic machineries cooperate with polarity and scaffolding components to internalize receptors and target them to discrete membrane domains. Depending on the cell and tissue context, receptor endocytosis can terminate signaling responses but can also activate them within endosomes that act as signaling platforms. Therefore, cell homeostasis and responses to environmental cues rely on the dynamic cooperation of endosomal–lysosomal machineries with polarity and signaling cues. This review aims to address advances and emerging concepts on the cooperative regulation of endocytosis, polarity and signaling, primarily in Drosophila melanogaster and discuss some of the open questions across the different cell and tissue types that have not yet been fully explored.
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15
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Zhou L, Zhou W, Joseph AM, Chu C, Putzel GG, Fang B, Teng F, Lyu M, Yano H, Andreasson KI, Mekada E, Eberl G, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells produce the growth factor HB-EGF to protect the intestine from TNF-mediated inflammation. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:251-261. [PMID: 35102343 PMCID: PMC8842850 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drives chronic inflammation and cell death in the intestine, and blocking TNF is a therapeutic approach in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite this knowledge, the pathways that protect the intestine from TNF are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) protect the intestinal epithelium from TNF-induced cell death. This occurs independent of interleukin-22 (IL-22), and we identify that ILC3s are a dominant source of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF). ILC3s produce HB-EGF in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and engagement of the EP2 receptor. Mice lacking ILC3-derived HB-EGF exhibit increased susceptibility to TNF-mediated epithelial cell death and experimental intestinal inflammation. Finally, human ILC3s produce HB-EGF and are reduced from the inflamed intestine. These results define an essential role for ILC3-derived HB-EGF in protecting the intestine from TNF and indicate that disruption of this pathway contributes to IBD.
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16
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Sunil AA, Skaria T. Novel regulators of airway epithelial barrier function during inflammation: potential targets for drug repurposing. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:119-132. [PMID: 35085478 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2035720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endogenous inflammatory signaling molecules resulting from deregulated immune responses, can impair airway epithelial barrier function and predispose individuals with airway inflammatory diseases to exacerbations and lung infections. Targeting the specific endogenous factors disrupting the airway barrier therefore has the potential to prevent disease exacerbations without affecting the protective immune responses. AREAS COVERED Here, we review the endogenous factors and specific mechanisms disrupting airway epithelial barrier during inflammation and reflect on whether these factors can be specifically targeted by repurposed existing drugs. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, drug database of US FDA and European Medicines Agency until and including September 2021. EXPERT OPINION IL-4 and IL-13 signaling are the major pathways disrupting the airway epithelial barrier during airway inflammation. However, blocking IL-4/IL-13 signaling may adversely affect protective immune responses and increase susceptibility of host to infections. An alternate approach to modulate airway epithelial barrier function involves targeting specific downstream component of IL-4/IL-13 signaling or different inflammatory mediators responsible for regulation of airway epithelial barrier. Airway epithelium-targeted therapy using inhibitors of HDAC, HSP90, MIF, mTOR, IL-17A and VEGF may be a potential strategy to prevent airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in airway inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Anjoom Sunil
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Tom Skaria
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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17
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Carlin CR. Role of EGF Receptor Regulatory Networks in the Host Response to Viral Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:820355. [PMID: 35083168 PMCID: PMC8785968 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.820355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we will first provide a brief overview of EGF receptor (EGFR) structure and function, and its importance as a therapeutic target in epithelial carcinomas. We will then compare what is currently known about canonical EGFR trafficking pathways that are triggered by ligand binding, versus ligand-independent pathways activated by a variety of intrinsic and environmentally induced cellular stresses. Next, we will review the literature regarding the role of EGFR as a host factor with critical roles facilitating viral cell entry and replication. Here we will focus on pathogens exploiting virus-encoded and endogenous EGFR ligands, as well as EGFR-mediated trafficking and signaling pathways that have been co-opted by wild-type viruses and recombinant gene therapy vectors. We will also provide an overview of a recently discovered pathway regulating non-canonical EGFR trafficking and signaling that may be a common feature of viruses like human adenoviruses which signal through p38-mitogen activated protein kinase. We will conclude by discussing the emerging role of EGFR signaling in innate immunity to viral infections, and how viral evasion mechanisms are contributing to our understanding of fundamental EGFR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Cathleen R. Carlin,
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18
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Yu Q, Wang LC, Di Benigno S, Stein DC, Song W. Gonococcal invasion into epithelial cells depends on both cell polarity and ezrin. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009592. [PMID: 34852011 PMCID: PMC8668114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) establishes infection in women from the cervix, lined with heterogeneous epithelial cells from non-polarized stratified at the ectocervix to polarized columnar at the endocervix. We have previously shown that GC differentially colonize and transmigrate across the ecto and endocervical epithelia. However, whether and how GC invade into heterogeneous cervical epithelial cells is unknown. This study examined GC entry of epithelial cells with various properties, using human cervical tissue explant and non-polarized/polarized epithelial cell line models. While adhering to non-polarized and polarized epithelial cells at similar levels, GC invaded into non-polarized more efficiently than polarized epithelial cells. The enhanced GC invasion in non-polarized epithelial cells was associated with increased ezrin phosphorylation, F-actin and ezrin recruitment to GC adherent sites, and the elongation of GC-associated microvilli. Inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation inhibited F-actin and ezrin recruitment and microvilli elongation, leading to a reduction in GC invasion. The reduced GC invasion in polarized epithelial cells was associated with non-muscle myosin II-mediated F-actin disassembly and microvilli denudation at GC adherence sites. Surprisingly, intraepithelial GC were only detected inside epithelial cells shedding from the cervix by immunofluorescence microscopy, but not significantly in the ectocervical and the endocervical regions. We observed similar ezrin and F-actin recruitment in exfoliated cervical epithelial cells but not in those that remained in the ectocervical epithelium, as the luminal layer of ectocervical epithelial cells expressed ten-fold lower levels of ezrin than those beneath. However, GC inoculation induced F-actin reduction and myosin recruitment in the endocervix, similar to what was seen in polarized epithelial cells. Collectively, our results suggest that while GC invade non-polarized epithelial cells through ezrin-driven microvilli elongation, the apical polarization of ezrin and F-actin inhibits GC entry into polarized epithelial cells. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) causes gonorrhea in women by infecting the female reproductive tract. GC entry of epithelial cells has long been observed in patients’ biopsies and studied in various types of epithelial cells. However, how GC invade into the heterogeneous epithelia of the human cervix is unknown. This study reveals that both the expression level of ezrin, an actin-membrane linker protein, and the polarization of ezrin-actin networks in epithelial cells regulate GC invasion. GC interactions with non-polarized squamous epithelial cells expressing ezrin induce ezrin activation, ezrin-actin accumulation, and microvilli elongation at GC adherent sites, leading to invasion. Low ezrin expression levels in the luminal ectocervical epithelial cells are associated with low levels of intraepithelial GC. In contrast, apical polarization of ezrin-actin networks in columnar endocervical epithelial cells reduces GC invasion. GC interactions induce myosin activation, which causes disassembly of ezrin-actin networks and microvilli modification at GC adherent sites, extending GC-epithelial contact. Expression of opacity-associated proteins on GC promotes GC invasion by enhancing ezrin-actin accumulation in squamous epithelial cells and inhibiting ezrin-actin disassembly in columnar endocervical epithelial cells. Thus, reduced ezrin expression and ezrin-actin polarization are potential ways for cervical epithelial cells to curtail GC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Liang-Chun Wang
- Marine & Pathogenic Microbiology Lab, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sofia Di Benigno
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel C Stein
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wenxia Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
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19
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Uemura T, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Waguri S. Clathrin adapters AP-1 and GGA2 support expression of epidermal growth factor receptor for cell growth. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:80. [PMID: 34799560 PMCID: PMC8604998 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Golgi/endosome-localized clathrin adapters in the maintenance of steady-state cell surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is not well known. Here, we show that EGFR associates preferentially with both AP-1 and GGA2 in vitro. AP-1 depletion caused a reduction in the EGFR protein by promoting its lysosomal degradation. Triple immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation assays demonstrated that the interaction of EGFR with AP-1 or GGA2 occurred more frequently in Rab11-positive recycling endosomes than in Rab5-positive early endosomes. Biochemical recycling assay revealed that the depletion of AP-1 or GGA2 significantly suppressed EGFR recycling to the plasma membrane regardless of the EGF stimulation. Depletion of AP-1 or GGA2 also reduced cell contents of other tyrosine kinases, MET and ErbB4, and therefore, suppressed the growth of H1975 cancer cells in culture and xenograft model. Moreover, AP-1 was expressed in endosomes at higher levels in some cancer tissues. Collectively, these results suggest that AP-1 and GGA2 function in recycling endosomes to retrieve endocytosed EGFR, thereby sustaining its cell surface expression and, consequently, cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Uemura
- grid.411582.b0000 0001 1017 9540Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295 Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- grid.509461.fBiomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- grid.509461.fBiomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Satoshi Waguri
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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20
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Singh B, Bogatcheva G, Krystofiak E, McKinley ET, Hill S, Rose KL, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ. Induction of apically mistrafficked epiregulin disrupts epithelial polarity via aberrant EGFR signaling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271860. [PMID: 34406412 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In polarized MDCK cells, disruption of the tyrosine-based YXXΦ basolateral trafficking motif (Y156A) in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand epiregulin (EREG), results in its apical mistrafficking and transformation in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying these dramatic effects are unknown. Using a doxycycline-inducible system in 3D Matrigel cultures, we now show that induction of Y156A EREG in fully formed MDCK cysts results in direct and complete delivery of mutant EREG to the apical cell surface. Within 3 days of induction, ectopic lumens were detected in mutant, but not wild-type, EREG-expressing cysts. Of note, these structures resembled histological features found in subcutaneous xenografts of mutant EREG-expressing MDCK cells. These ectopic lumens formed de novo rather than budding from the central lumen and depended on metalloprotease-mediated cleavage of EREG and subsequent EGFR activity. Moreover, the most frequent EREG mutation in human cancer (R147stop) resulted in its apical mistrafficking in engineered MDCK cells. Thus, induction of EREG apical mistrafficking is sufficient to disrupt selective aspects of polarity of a preformed polarized epithelium. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Galina Bogatcheva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evan Krystofiak
- Cell Imaging Shared Resource, Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eliot T McKinley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Salisha Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - James N Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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21
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Cardona AF, Jaramillo-Velásquez D, Ruiz-Patiño A, Polo C, Jiménez E, Hakim F, Gómez D, Ramón JF, Cifuentes H, Mejía JA, Salguero F, Ordoñez C, Muñoz Á, Bermúdez S, Useche N, Pineda D, Ricaurte L, Zatarain-Barrón ZL, Rodríguez J, Avila J, Rojas L, Jaller E, Sotelo C, Garcia-Robledo JE, Santoyo N, Rolfo C, Rosell R, Arrieta O. Efficacy of osimertinib plus bevacizumab in glioblastoma patients with simultaneous EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII mutation. J Neurooncol 2021; 154:353-364. [PMID: 34498213 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplification of EGFR and its active mutant EGFRvIII are common in glioblastoma (GB). While EGFR and EGFRvIII play critical roles in pathogenesis, targeted therapy with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors or antibodies has shown limited efficacy. To improve the likelihood of effectiveness, we targeted adult patients with recurrent GB enriched for simultaneous EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII mutation, with osimertinib/bevacizumab at doses described for non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS We retrospectively explored whether previously described EGFRvIII mutation in association with EGFR gene amplification could predict response to osimertinib/bevacizumab combination in a subset of 15 patients treated at recurrence. The resistance pattern in a subgroup of subjects is described using a commercial next-generation sequencing panel in liquid biopsy. RESULTS There were ten males (66.7%), and the median patient's age was 56 years (range 38-70 years). After their initial diagnosis, 12 patients underwent partial (26.7%) or total resection (53.3%). Subsequently, all cases received IMRT and concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ; the median number of cycles 9, range 6-12). The median follow-up after recurrence was 17.1 months (95% CI 12.3-22.6). All patients received osimertinib/bevacizumab as a second-line intervention with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.1 months (95% CI 2.8-7.3) and overall survival of 9.0 months (95% CI 3.9-14.0). The PFS6 was 46.7%, and the overall response rate was 13.3%. After exposure to the osimertinib/bevacizumab combination, the main secondary alterations were MET amplification, STAT3, IGF1R, PTEN, and PDGFR. CONCLUSIONS While the osimertinib/bevacizumab combination was marginally effective in most GB patients with simultaneous EGFR amplification plus EGFRvIII mutation, a subgroup experienced a long-lasting meaningful benefit. The findings of this brief cohort justify the continuation of the research in a clinical trial. The pattern of resistance after exposure to osimertinib/bevacizumab includes known mechanisms in the regulation of EGFR, findings that contribute to the understanding and targeting in a stepwise rational this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Cardona
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Brain Tumor Unit, Clínica del Country, Calle 116 No. 9 - 72, c. 318, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Thoracic Oncology Unit, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | | | - Alejandro Ruiz-Patiño
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Polo
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Enrique Jiménez
- Neurosurgery Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Hakim
- Neurosurgery Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego Gómez
- Neurosurgery Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Salguero
- Neurosurgery Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camila Ordoñez
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Álvaro Muñoz
- Radio-Oncology Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sonia Bermúdez
- Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nicolas Useche
- Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Department, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diego Pineda
- Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Department, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - July Rodríguez
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jenny Avila
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Rojas
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Brain Tumor Unit, Clínica del Country, Calle 116 No. 9 - 72, c. 318, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Clinical Oncology Department, Clínica Colsanitas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Elvira Jaller
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Sotelo
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Nicolas Santoyo
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research - FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cáncer Center, Mount Sinai Hospital System & Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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Tang X, Zuo C, Fang P, Liu G, Qiu Y, Huang Y, Tang R. Targeting Glioblastoma Stem Cells: A Review on Biomarkers, Signal Pathways and Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:701291. [PMID: 34307170 PMCID: PMC8297686 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.701291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most lethal and common primary brain tumor, even after treatment with multiple therapies, such as surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation. Although great advances in medical development and improvements in therapeutic methods of GBM have led to a certain extension of the median survival time of patients, prognosis remains poor. The primary cause of its dismal outcomes is the high rate of tumor recurrence, which is closely related to its resistance to standard therapies. During the last decade, glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) have been successfully isolated from GBM, and it has been demonstrated that these cells are likely to play an indispensable role in the formation, maintenance, and recurrence of GBM tumors, indicating that GSCs are a crucial target for treatment. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge regarding GSCs, their related signaling pathways, resistance mechanisms, crosstalk linking mechanisms, and microenvironment or niche. Subsequently, we present a framework of targeted therapy for GSCs based on direct strategies, including blockade of the pathways necessary to overcome resistance or prevent their function, promotion of GSC differentiation, virotherapy, and indirect strategies, including targeting the perivascular, hypoxic, and immune niches of the GSCs. In summary, targeting GSCs provides a tremendous opportunity for revolutionary approaches to improve the prognosis and therapy of GBM, despite a variety of challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejia Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenghai Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pengchao Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongyi Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongrui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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23
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Barilleau E, Védrine M, Koczerka M, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Kempf F, Grépinet O, Virlogeux-Payant I, Velge P, Wiedemann A. Investigation of the invasion mechanism mediated by the outer membrane protein PagN of Salmonella Typhimurium. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:153. [PMID: 34020586 PMCID: PMC8140442 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella can invade host cells via a type three secretion system called T3SS-1 and its outer membrane proteins, PagN and Rck. However, the mechanism of PagN-dependent invasion pathway used by Salmonella enterica, subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium remains unclear. RESULTS Here, we report that PagN is well conserved and widely distributed among the different species and subspecies of Salmonella. We showed that PagN of S. Typhimurium was sufficient and necessary to enable non-invasive E. coli over-expressing PagN and PagN-coated beads to bind to and invade different non-phagocytic cells. According to the literature, PagN is likely to interact with heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) as PagN-mediated invasion could be inhibited by heparin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. This report shows that this interaction is not sufficient to allow the internalization mechanism. Investigation of the role of β1 integrin as co-receptor showed that mouse embryo fibroblasts genetically deficient in β1 integrin were less permissive to PagN-mediated internalization. Moreover, PagN-mediated internalization was fully inhibited in glycosylation-deficient pgsA-745 cells treated with anti-β1 integrin antibody, supporting the hypothesis that β1 integrin and HSPG cooperate to induce the PagN-mediated internalization mechanism. In addition, use of specific inhibitors and expression of dominant-negative derivatives demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation and class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase were crucial to trigger PagN-dependent internalization, as for the Rck internalization mechanism. Finally, scanning electron microscopy with infected cells showed microvillus-like extensions characteristic of Zipper-like structure, engulfing PagN-coated beads and E. coli expressing PagN, as observed during Rck-mediated internalization. CONCLUSIONS Our results supply new comprehensions into T3SS-1-independent invasion mechanisms of S. Typhimurium and highly indicate that PagN induces a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway, leading to a Zipper-like entry mechanism as the Salmonella outer membrane protein Rck.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mégane Védrine
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.,Present Address: Service Biologie Vétérinaire et Santé Animale, Inovalys, Angers, France
| | | | - Julien Burlaud-Gaillard
- Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Florent Kempf
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Velge
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agnès Wiedemann
- INRAE, Université de Tours, ISP, F-37380, Nouzilly, France. .,Present Address: IRSD - Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Université́ de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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24
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Song H, Wang Y, Shi C, Lu J, Yuan T, Wang X. SH3KBP1 Promotes Glioblastoma Tumorigenesis by Activating EGFR Signaling. Front Oncol 2021; 10:583984. [PMID: 33643898 PMCID: PMC7905166 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.583984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive brain tumor in adults. Overexpression or activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occurs commonly in multiple human cancers and promotes tumorigenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of EGFR aberrant activation and the downstream signaling pathways remains largely unknown. In this study, we report that both SH3-domain kinase binding protein 1 (SH3KBP1) mRNA and protein levels are highly expressed in GBM and its high expression is associated with worse survival of glioma patients. In addition, we provide evidence that SH3KBP1 is prominently expressed in GBM stem cells (GSCs) and have potential to serve as a novel GSCs marker. Moreover, silencing SH3KBP1 dramatically impairs GBM cell proliferation, migration and GSCs self-renewal ability in vitro and xenograft tumors growth in vivo. Most importantly, we found that SH3KBP1 directly interacts with EGFR and may act as an adaptor protein to transduce EGFR signaling. Together, our work uncovers SH3KBP1 as a novel regulator of oncogenic EGFR signaling and also as a potential therapeutic target for GBM patients with EGFR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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25
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Senger K, Yuan W, Sagolla M, Doerr J, Bolon B, Ziai J, Sun K, Warming S, Roose‐Girma M, Zhang N, Tam L, Newman RJ, Chaudhuri S, Antony A, Goldstein LD, Durinck S, Jaiswal BS, Lafkas D, Modrusan Z, Seshagiri S. Embryonic lethality and defective mammary gland development of activator-function impaired conditional knock-in Erbb3 V943R mice. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2020; 2:e10036. [PMID: 36618440 PMCID: PMC9744554 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.10036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
ERBB3 is a pseudokinase domain-containing member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Following ligand binding, ERBB receptors homo- or hetero-dimerize, leading to a head-to-tail arrangement of the intracellular kinase domains, where the "receiver" kinase domain of one ERBB is activated by the "activator" domain of the other ERBB in the dimer. In ERBB3, a conserved valine at codon 943 (V943) in the kinase C-terminal domain has been shown to be important for its function as an "activator" kinase in vitro. Here we report a knock-in mouse model where we have modified the endogenous Erbb3 allele to allow for tissue-specific conditional expression of Erbb3 V943R (Erbb3 CKI-V943R ). Additionally, we generated an Erbb3 D850N (Erbb3 CKI-D850N ) conditional knock-in mouse model where the conserved aspartate in the DFG motif of the pseudokinase domain was mutated to abolish any potential residual kinase activity. While Erbb3 D850N/D850N animals developed normally, homozygous Erbb3 V943R/V943R expression during development resulted in embryonic lethality. Further, tissue specific expression of Erbb3 V943R/V943R in the mammary gland epithelium following its activation using MMTV-Cre resulted in delayed elongation of the ductal network during puberty. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of Erbb3 V943R/V943R mammary glands showed a reduction in a specific subset of fibrinogen-producing luminal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Senger
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wenlin Yuan
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Meredith Sagolla
- Department of PathologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jonas Doerr
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - James Ziai
- Department of PathologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kai‐Hui Sun
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Soren Warming
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Merone Roose‐Girma
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lucinda Tam
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert J. Newman
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Subhra Chaudhuri
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Leonard D. Goldstein
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steffen Durinck
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bijay S. Jaiswal
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel Lafkas
- Department of Immunology DiscoveryGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Somasekar Seshagiri
- Department of Molecular BiologyGenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA,SciGenom Research FoundationBangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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26
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Peng LY, Yu M, Yang MX, Liu P, Zhou H, Huang W, Kong H, Xie WP. Icotinib Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension by Preventing Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Dysfunction. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:775-783. [PMID: 32301965 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the effect of icotinib, a first generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), on PH remains to be elucidated. METHODS PH rat model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg/kg). Icotinib (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage from the day of MCT injection. After 4 weeks, hemodynamic parameters and histological changes of the pulmonary arterial vessels were assessed, and the phenotypic switching of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) was determined in vivo. Moreover, the effects of icotinib (10 µM) on epidermal growth factor (EGF, 50 ng/ml)-stimulated proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching of human PASMCs were explored in vitro. RESULTS Icotinib significantly reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricle hypertrophy index in rats with MCT-induced PH. Moreover, icotinib improved MCT-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling. The expression of contractile marker (smooth muscle 22 alpha (SM22α)) and synthetic markers (osteopontin (OPN) and vimentin) in pulmonary artery was restored by icotinib treatment. In vitro, icotinib suppressed EGF-induced PASMCs proliferation and migration. Meanwhile, icotinib inhibited EGF-induced downregulation of α-smooth muscle actin and SM22α and upregulation of OPN and Collagen I in PASMCs, suggesting that icotinib could inhibit EGF-induced phenotypic switching of PASMCs. Mechanistically, these effects of icotinib were associated with the inhibition of EGFR-Akt/ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Icotinib can attenuate MCT-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and improve PH. This effect of icotinib might be attributed to preventing PASMC dysfunction by inhibiting EGFR-Akt/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yao Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xia Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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27
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Wang W, Zhu N, Yan T, Shi YN, Chen J, Zhang CJ, Xie XJ, Liao DF, Qin L. The crosstalk: exosomes and lipid metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:119. [PMID: 32746850 PMCID: PMC7398059 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have been considered as novel and potent vehicles of intercellular communication, instead of "cell dust". Exosomes are consistent with anucleate cells, and organelles with lipid bilayer consisting of the proteins and abundant lipid, enhancing their "rigidity" and "flexibility". Neighboring cells or distant cells are capable of exchanging genetic or metabolic information via exosomes binding to recipient cell and releasing bioactive molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Of note, exosomes exert the remarkable effects on lipid metabolism, including the synthesis, transportation and degradation of the lipid. The disorder of lipid metabolism mediated by exosomes leads to the occurrence and progression of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity and Alzheimer's diseases and so on. More importantly, lipid metabolism can also affect the production and secretion of exosomes, as well as interactions with the recipient cells. Therefore, exosomes may be applied as effective targets for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ning Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery in Changsha, 921 hospital, joint service support force of People's Liberation Army, Changsha, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Li Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Hanpu Science and Education District, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China. .,Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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28
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Mereu L, Morf MK, Spiri S, Gutierrez P, Escobar-Restrepo JM, Daube M, Walser M, Hajnal A. Polarized epidermal growth factor secretion ensures robust vulval cell fate specification in Caenorhabditis elegans. Development 2020; 147:dev175760. [PMID: 32439759 PMCID: PMC7286359 DOI: 10.1242/dev.175760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The anchor cell (AC) in C. elegans secretes an epidermal growth factor (EGF) homolog that induces adjacent vulval precursor cells (VPCs) to differentiate. The EGF receptor in the nearest VPC sequesters the limiting EGF amounts released by the AC to prevent EGF from spreading to distal VPCs. Here, we show that not only EGFR localization in the VPCs but also EGF polarity in the AC is necessary for robust fate specification. The AC secretes EGF in a directional manner towards the nearest VPC. Loss of AC polarity causes signal spreading and, when combined with MAPK pathway hyperactivation, the ectopic induction of distal VPCs. In a screen for genes preventing distal VPC induction, we identified sra-9 and nlp-26 as genes specifically required for polarized EGF secretion. sra-9(lf) and nlp-26(lf) mutants exhibit errors in vulval fate specification, reduced precision in VPC to AC alignment and increased variability in MAPK activation. sra-9 encodes a seven-pass transmembrane receptor acting in the AC and nlp-26 a neuropeptide-like protein expressed in the VPCs. SRA-9 and NLP-26 may transduce a feedback signal to channel EGF secretion towards the nearest VPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Mereu
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias K Morf
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silvan Spiri
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gutierrez
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Science PhD Program, University and ETH Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Juan M Escobar-Restrepo
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Daube
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Walser
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Hajnal
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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29
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Yan G, Wang Y, Chen J, Zheng W, Liu C, Chen S, Wang L, Luo J, Li Z. Advances in drug development for targeted therapies for glioblastoma. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1950-1972. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Yunfu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Jincao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Wenzhong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Changzhen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Lianrong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan Hubei China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan Hubei China
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Abstract
Exosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) of endosomal origin, emerge as master regulators of cell-to-cell signaling in physiology and disease. Exosomes are highly enriched in tetraspanins (TSPNs) and syndecans (SDCs), the latter occurring mainly in proteolytically cleaved form, as membrane-spanning C-terminal fragments of the proteins. While both protein families are membrane scaffolds appreciated for their role in exosome formation, composition, and activity, we currently ignore whether these work together to control exosome biology. Here we show that TSPN6, a poorly characterized tetraspanin, acts as a negative regulator of exosome release, supporting the lysosomal degradation of SDC4 and syntenin. We demonstrate that TSPN6 tightly associates with SDC4, the SDC4-TSPN6 association dictating the association of TSPN6 with syntenin and the TSPN6-dependent lysosomal degradation of SDC4-syntenin. TSPN6 also inhibits the shedding of the SDC4 ectodomain, mimicking the effects of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Taken together, our data identify TSPN6 as a regulator of the trafficking and processing of SDC4 and highlight an important physical and functional interconnection between these membrane scaffolds for the production of exosomes. These findings clarify our understanding of the molecular determinants governing EV formation and have potentially broad impact for EV-related biomedicine.
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Tseng CC, Jia B, Barndt RB, Dai YH, Chen YH, Du PWA, Wang JK, Tang HJ, Lin CY, Johnson MD. The intracellular seven amino acid motif EEGEVFL is required for matriptase vesicle sorting and translocation to the basolateral plasma membrane. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228874. [PMID: 32049977 PMCID: PMC7015431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptase plays important roles in epithelial integrity and function, which depend on its sorting to the basolateral surface of cells, where matriptase zymogen is converted to an active enzyme in order to act on its substrates. After activation, matriptase undergoes HAI-1-mediated inhibition, internalization, transcytosis, and secretion from the apical surface into the lumen. Matriptase is a mosaic protein with several distinct protein domains and motifs, which are a reflection of matriptase’s complex cellular itinerary, life cycle, and the tight control of its enzymatic activity. While the molecular determinants for various matriptase regulatory events have been identified, the motif(s) required for translocation of human matriptase to the basolateral plasma membrane is unknown. The motif previously identified in rat matriptase is not conserved between the rodent and the primate. We, here, revisit the question for human matriptase through the use of a fusion protein containing a green fluorescent protein linked to the matriptase N-terminal fragment ending at Gly-149. A conserved seven amino acid motif EEGEVFL, which is similar to the monoleucine C-terminal to an acidic cluster motif involved in the basolateral targeting for some growth factors, has been shown to be required for matriptase translocation to the basolateral plasma membrane of polarized MDCK cells. Furthermore, time-lapse video microscopy showed that the motif appears to be required for entry into the correct transport vesicles, by which matriptase can undergo rapid trafficking and translocate to the plasma membrane. Our study reveals that the EEGEVFL motif is necessary, but may not be sufficient, for matriptase basolateral membrane targeting and serves as the basis for further research on its pathophysiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Che Tseng
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Bailing Jia
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Robert B. Barndt
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Yang-Hong Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Hsin Chen
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen A. Du
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jehng-Kang Wang
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (HJT); (CYL); (MDJ)
| | - Chen-Yong Lin
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HJT); (CYL); (MDJ)
| | - Michael D. Johnson
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HJT); (CYL); (MDJ)
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32
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A Third Shot at EGFR: New Opportunities in Cancer Therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:941-955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mishra S, Bernal C, Silvano M, Anand S, Ruiz I Altaba A. The protein secretion modulator TMED9 drives CNIH4/TGFα/GLI signaling opposing TMED3-WNT-TCF to promote colon cancer metastases. Oncogene 2019; 38:5817-5837. [PMID: 31253868 PMCID: PMC6755966 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
How cells in primary tumors initially become pro-metastatic is not understood. A previous genome-wide RNAi screen uncovered colon cancer metastatic suppressor and WNT promoting functions of TMED3, a member of the p24 ER-to-Golgi protein secretion family. Repression of canonical WNT signaling upon knockdown (kd) of TMED3 might thus be sufficient to drive metastases. However, searching for transcriptional influences on other family members here we find that TMED3 kd leads to enhanced TMED9, that TMED9 acts downstream of TMED3 and that TMED9 kd compromises metastasis. Importantly, TMED9 pro-metastatic function is linked to but distinct from the repression of TMED3-WNT-TCF signaling. Functional rescue of the migratory deficiency of TMED9 kd cells identifies TGFα as a mediator of TMED9 pro-metastatic activity. Moreover, TMED9 kd compromises the biogenesis, and thus function, of TGFα. Analyses in three colon cancer cell types highlight a TMED9-dependent gene set that includes CNIH4, a member of the CORNICHON family of TGFα exporters. Our data indicate that TGFA and CNIH4, which display predictive value for disease-free survival, promote colon cancer cell metastatic behavior, and suggest that TMED9 pro-metastatic function involves the modulation of the secretion of TGFα ligand. Finally, TMED9/TMED3 antagonism impacts WNT-TCF and GLI signaling, where TMED9 primacy over TMED3 leads to the establishment of a positive feedback loop together with CNIH4, TGFα, and GLI1 that enhances metastases. We propose that primary colon cancer cells can transition between two states characterized by secretion-transcription regulatory loops gated by TMED3 and TMED9 that modulate their metastatic proclivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonakshi Mishra
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, CH1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Bernal
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, CH1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Silvano
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, CH1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, CH1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Ruiz I Altaba
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, CH1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Walsh KT, Zemper AE. The Enteric Nervous System for Epithelial Researchers: Basic Anatomy, Techniques, and Interactions With the Epithelium. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:369-378. [PMID: 31108231 PMCID: PMC6718943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium does not function in isolation, but interacts with many components including the Enteric Nervous System (ENS). Understanding ENS and intestinal epithelium interactions requires multidisciplinary approaches to uncover cells involved, mechanisms used, and the ultimate influence on intestinal physiology. This review is intended to serve as a reference for epithelial biologists interested in studying these interactions. With this in mind, this review aims to summarize the basic anatomy of the epithelium and ENS, mechanisms by which they interact, and techniques used to study these interactions. We highlight in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo techniques. Additionally, ENS influence on epithelial proliferation and gene expression within stem and differentiated cells as well as gastrointestinal cancer are discussed.
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Key Words
- 5-ht, 5-hydroxytryptamine
- 5-ht3r, 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor
- ach, acetylcholine
- aitc, allyl isothicyanate
- cpi, crypt proliferation index
- eec, enteroendocrine cell
- ens, enteric nervous system
- gi, gastrointestinal
- hio, human intestinal organoid
- isc, intestinal stem cell
- lgr5, leucine-rich repeat–containing g protein–coupled receptor
- ne, norepinephrine
- ngf, nerve growth factor
- si, small intestine
- ta, transit-amplifying
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen T. Walsh
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon,Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Anne E. Zemper
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon,Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Anne E. Zemper, PhD, University of Oregon, 218 Streisinger Hall, 1370 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, Oregon 97401. fax: (541) 346–6056.
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35
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Cao Z, Singh B, Li C, Markham NO, Carrington LJ, Franklin JL, Graves‐Deal R, Kennedy EJ, Goldenring JR, Coffey RJ. Protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of naked cuticle homolog 2 stimulates cell-surface delivery of transforming growth factor-α for epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. Traffic 2019; 20:357-368. [PMID: 30941853 PMCID: PMC6618044 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The classic mode of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated transactivation of the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation occurs via matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-mediated cleavage of plasma membrane-anchored EGFR ligands. Herein, we show that the Gαs-activating GPCR ligands vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) transactivate EGFR through increased cell-surface delivery of the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor-α (TGFα) in polarizing madin-darby canine kidney (MDCK) and Caco-2 cells. This is achieved by PKA-mediated phosphorylation of naked cuticle homolog 2 (NKD2), previously shown to bind TGFα and direct delivery of TGFα-containing vesicles to the basolateral surface of polarized epithelial cells. VIP and PGE2 rapidly activate protein kinase A (PKA) that then phosphorylates NKD2 at Ser-223, a process that is facilitated by the molecular scaffold A-kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12). This phosphorylation stabilized NKD2, ensuring efficient cell-surface delivery of TGFα and increased EGFR activation. Thus, GPCR-triggered, PKA/AKAP12/NKD2-regulated targeting of TGFα to the cell surface represents a new mode of EGFR transactivation that occurs proximal to ligand cleavage by MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennessee
| | - Cunxi Li
- Jiaen Genetics LaboratoryBeijing Jiaen HospitalBeijingChina
- Genetics CenterShenzhen IVF Gynecology HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Nicholas O. Markham
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Franklin
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennessee
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
| | - Ramona Graves‐Deal
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
| | - Eileen J. Kennedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia
| | - James R. Goldenring
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennessee
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Department of SurgeryVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
| | - Robert J. Coffey
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
- Epithelial Biology CenterVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennessee
- Department of MedicineVeterans Affairs Medical CenterNashvilleTennessee
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36
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Papagiannouli F, Berry CW, Fuller MT. The Dlg Module and Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis Regulate EGFR Signaling and Cyst Cell-Germline Coordination in the Drosophila Testis. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:1024-1040. [PMID: 31006632 PMCID: PMC6523063 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis and repair relies on proper communication of stem cells and their differentiating daughters with the local tissue microenvironment. In the Drosophila male germline adult stem cell lineage, germ cells proliferate and progressively differentiate enclosed in supportive somatic cyst cells, forming a small organoid, the functional unit of differentiation. Here we show that cell polarity and vesicle trafficking influence signal transduction in cyst cells, with profound effects on the germ cells they enclose. Our data suggest that the cortical components Dlg, Scrib, Lgl and the clathrin-mediated endocytic (CME) machinery downregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. Knockdown of dlg, scrib, lgl, or CME components in cyst cells resulted in germ cell death, similar to increased signal transduction via the EGFR, while lowering EGFR or downstream signaling components rescued the defects. This work provides insights into how cell polarity and endocytosis cooperate to regulate signal transduction and sculpt developing tissues. Dlg, Scrib, Lgl, and clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) attenuate EGFR signaling Knockdown of Dlg module or CME results in cell non-autonomous germ cell death Dlg module and CME control MAPK activation and the levels of the PIP2 phospholipid PIP2 and its synthesizing kinase Sktl/dPIP5K mediate MAPK activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Papagiannouli
- Department of Developmental Biology, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Cameron Wynn Berry
- Department of Developmental Biology, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA
| | - Margaret T Fuller
- Department of Developmental Biology, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA
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37
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Dodmane PR, Schulte NA, Heires AJ, Band H, Romberger DJ, Toews ML. Biphasic changes in airway epithelial cell EGF receptor binding and phosphorylation induced by components of hogbarn dust. Exp Lung Res 2019; 44:443-454. [PMID: 30862200 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2019.1575931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Workers in enclosed hogbarns experience an increased incidence of airway inflammation and obstructive lung disease, and an aqueous hogbarn dust extract (HDE) induces multiple inflammation-related responses in cultured airway epithelial cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation and activation has been identified as one important mediator of inflammatory cytokine release from these cells. The studies here investigated both early and late phase adaptive changes in EGFR binding properties and subcellular localization induced by exposure of cells to HDE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell surface EGFRs were quantified as binding to intact cells on ice. EGFR phosphorylation, expression, and localization were assessed with anti-EGFR antibodies and either blotting or confocal microscopy. RESULTS In BEAS-2B and primary human bronchial epithelial cells, HDE induced decreases in cell surface EGFR binding following both 15-min and 18-h exposures. In contrast, H292 cells exhibited only the 15-min decrease, with binding near the control level at 18 hr. Confocal microscopy showed that the 15-min decrease in binding is due to EGFR endocytosis. Although total EGFR immunoreactivity decreased markedly at 18 hr in confocal microscopy with BEAS-2B cells, immunoblots showed no loss of EGFR protein. HDE stimulated EGFR phosphorylation at both 15 min and 18 hr in BEAS-2B cells and primary cells, but only at 15 min in H292 cells, indicating that the different EGFR binding changes among these cell types is likely related to their different time-dependent changes in phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These studies extend the evidence for EGFRs as important cellular targets for components of HDE and they reveal novel patterns of EGFR phosphorylation and binding changes that vary among airway epithelial cell types. The results provide both impetus and convenient assays for identifying the EGFR-activating components and pathways that likely contribute to hogbarn dust-induced lung disease in agricultural workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puttappa R Dodmane
- a Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Nancy A Schulte
- a Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Art J Heires
- b Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System , Research Service , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Hamid Band
- d Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Debra J Romberger
- b Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System , Research Service , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Myron L Toews
- a Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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38
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Graves-Deal R, Bogatcheva G, Rehman S, Lu Y, Higginbotham JN, Singh B. Broad-spectrum receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors overcome de novo and acquired modes of resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:1320-1333. [PMID: 30863492 PMCID: PMC6407678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly appreciated that 3D cultures are more predictive of in vivo therapeutic efficacy than 2D cultures. Using in vitro 3D type I collagen cultures of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line HCA-7 derivatives CC, SC, and CC-CR, we previously identified that activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) MET and RON contributed to resistance to the EGF receptor (EGFR)-directed therapeutic antibody cetuximab. The de novo mode of cetuximab resistance in SC cells could be overcome by crizotinib, a multi-RTK inhibitor that also targets MET and RON. We now show that crizotinib also overcomes acquired cetuximab resistance in CC-CR cells. Phospho-RTK array analysis showed increased phosphorylation of several RTKs, including MET and RON, in SC and CC-CR cells compared to cetuximab-sensitive CC counterparts. Furthermore, other multi-RTK inhibitors cabozantinib and BMS-777607 helped overcome cetuximab resistance, as measured by 3D colony growth and activation state of key signaling molecules. Conversely, addition of RTK ligands HGF and NRG1 induced cetuximab resistance in CC cells, which could be blocked by addition of crizotinib. We further determined the mechanism of the cooperative effect of cetuximab and crizotinib by FACS analysis and observed increased cell cycle arrest in G1 phase in cetuximab-resistant CRC 3D cultures. Finally, we show that crizotinib overcomes cetuximab resistance in vivo in SC nude mice xenografts. Thus, our work shows that multi-RTK inhibition strategy is a potent, broadly applicable strategy to overcome resistance to EGFR-targeted therapeutics in CRC and highlights the relevance of 3D cultures in these studies. Statement of implication: Using in vitro 3D CRC cultures and in vivo CRC xenografts, we show that parallel inhibition of multiple RTKs with small molecule inhibitors overcomes de novo and acquired resistance to EGFR-directed therapies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Graves-Deal
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Galina Bogatcheva
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Saba Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James N Higginbotham
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Rush JS, Peterson JL, Ceresa BP. Betacellulin (BTC) Biases the EGFR To Dimerize with ErbB3. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:1382-1390. [PMID: 30249613 PMCID: PMC6207915 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.113399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are 13 known endogenous ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its closely related ErbB receptor family members. We previously reported that betacellulin (BTC) is more efficacious than epidermal growth factor (EGF) in mediating corneal wound healing, although the molecular basis for this difference was unknown. For the most part, differences between ligands can be attributed to variability in binding properties, such as the unique rate of association and dissociation, pH sensitivity, and selective binding to individual ErbB family members of each ligand. However, this was not the case for BTC. Despite being better at promoting wound healing via enhanced cell migration, BTC has reduced receptor affinity and weaker induction of EGFR phosphorylation. These data indicate that the response of BTC is not due to enhanced affinity or kinase activity. Receptor phosphorylation and proximity ligation assays indicate that BTC treatment significantly increases ErbB3 phosphorylation and EGFR-ErbB3 heterodimers when compared with EGF treatment. We observed that EGFR-ErbB3 heterodimers contribute to cell migration, because the addition of an ErbB3 antagonist (MM-121) or RNA interference-mediated knockdown of ErbB3 attenuates BTC-stimulated cell migration compared with EGF. Thus, we demonstrate that, despite both ligands binding to the EGFR, BTC biases the EGFR to dimerize with ErbB3 to regulate the biologic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Rush
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.S.R., J.L.P., B.P.C.) and Visual Science (B.P.C.), University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Joanne L Peterson
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.S.R., J.L.P., B.P.C.) and Visual Science (B.P.C.), University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Brian P Ceresa
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.S.R., J.L.P., B.P.C.) and Visual Science (B.P.C.), University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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40
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Kindlin-1 Regulates Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:369-379. [PMID: 30248333 PMCID: PMC6345584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Kindler syndrome is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis that results from mutations in the FERMT1 gene encoding t kindlin-1. Kindlin-1 localizes to focal adhesion and is known to contribute to the activation of integrin receptors. Most cases of Kindler syndrome show a reduction or complete absence of kindlin-1 in keratinocytes, resulting in defective integrin activation, cell adhesion, and migration. However, roles for kindlin-1 beyond integrin activation remain poorly defined. In this study we show that skin and keratinocytes from Kindler syndrome patients have significantly reduced expression levels of the EGFR, resulting in defective EGF-dependent signaling and cell migration. Mechanistically, we show that kindlin-1 can associate directly with EGFR in vitro and in keratinocytes in an EGF-dependent, integrin-independent manner and that formation of this complex is required for EGF-dependent migration. We further show that kindlin-1 acts to protect EGFR from lysosomal-mediated degradation. This shows a new role for kindlin-1 that has implications for understanding Kindler syndrome disease pathology.
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Choi E, Lantz TL, Vlacich G, Keeley TM, Samuelson LC, Coffey RJ, Goldenring JR, Powell AE. Lrig1+ gastric isthmal progenitor cells restore normal gastric lineage cells during damage recovery in adult mouse stomach. Gut 2018; 67:1595-1605. [PMID: 28814482 PMCID: PMC5815959 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-313874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lrig1 is a marker of proliferative and quiescent stem cells in the skin and intestine. We examined whether Lrig1-expressing cells are long-lived gastric progenitors in gastric glands in the mouse stomach. We also investigated how the Lrig1-expressing progenitor cells contribute to the regeneration of normal gastric mucosa by lineage commitment to parietal cells after acute gastric injury in mice. DESIGN We performed lineage labelling using Lrig1-CreERT2/+;R26R-YFP/+ (Lrig1/YFP) or R26R-LacZ/+ (Lrig1/LacZ) mice to examine whether the Lrig1-YFP-marked cells are gastric progenitor cells. We studied whether Lrig1-YFP-marked cells give rise to normal gastric lineage cells in damaged mucosa using Lrig1/YFP mice after treatment with DMP-777 to induce acute injury. We also studied Lrig1-CreERT2/CreERT2 (Lrig1 knockout) mice to examine whether the Lrig1 protein is required for regeneration of gastric corpus mucosa after acute injury. RESULTS Lrig1-YFP-marked cells give rise to gastric lineage epithelial cells both in the gastric corpus and antrum, in contrast to published results that Lgr5 only marks progenitor cells within the gastric antrum. Lrig1-YFP-marked cells contribute to replacement of damaged gastric oxyntic glands during the recovery phase after acute oxyntic atrophy in the gastric corpus. Lrig1 null mice recovered normally from acute gastric mucosal injury indicating that Lrig1 protein is not required for lineage differentiation. Lrig1+ isthmal progenitor cells did not contribute to transdifferentiating chief cell lineages after acute oxyntic atrophy. CONCLUSIONS Lrig1 marks gastric corpus epithelial progenitor cells capable of repopulating the damaged oxyntic mucosa by differentiating into normal gastric lineage cells in mouse stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Choi
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Nashville, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tyler L Lantz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
| | - Gregory Vlacich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Theresa M Keeley
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, The University of Michigan, Michigan, USA
| | - Linda C Samuelson
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, The University of Michigan, Michigan, USA
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Nashville, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James R Goldenring
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Epithelial Biology Center, Nashville, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anne E Powell
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Oregon, USA
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Saberi S, Pournasr B, Farzaneh Z, Esmaeili M, Hosseini ME, Baharvand H, Mohammadi M. A simple and cost-efficient adherent culture platform for human gastric primary cells, as an in vitro model for Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2018; 23:e12489. [PMID: 29774633 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most two- dimensional in vitro models for studying host- H. pylori interactions rely on tumor-derived cell lines, which harbor malignant alterations. The recent development of human gastric organoids has overcome this limitation and provides a highly sophisticated, yet costly, short-term model for H. pylori infection, with restricted use in low-budget centers. METHOD Tissue specimens from upper, middle, and lower stomachs of H. pylori-negative volunteers were collectively dispersed and cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) or collagen-coated plates. Gastric primary cells (GPCs) were evaluated by light microscopy, immunostaining, qRT-PCR and ELISA analysis of cellular secretions, before and after H. pylori infection. RESULTS The formation and long-term (up to 1 year) maintenance of GPCs was highly dependent on adherent inactivated MEF cells, cultured in enriched media. These cells were multipassageable and able to undergo stable freezer storage and subsequent revival. The cellular composition of GPCs included the combination of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and E-cadherin (E-cad)-positive epithelial cells, MUC5AC-positive gastric cells, and leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)-positive progenitor cells. These cells produced significant amounts of gastric pepsinogens I and II. GPCs also allowed for extended (up to 96 hours) H. pylori infection, during which they underwent morphological alterations (cellular vacuolation and elongation) and hyperproduction of gastric pepsinogens and inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNF-α). CONCLUSION We, hereby, present a simple, consistent, and cost-efficient gastric cell culture system, which provides a suitable model for extended in vitro infection of H. pylori. This platform can be employed for a variety of gastric-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behshad Pournasr
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Hosur V, Farley ML, Burzenski LM, Shultz LD, Wiles MV. ADAM17 is essential for ectodomain shedding of the EGF-receptor ligand amphiregulin. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:702-710. [PMID: 29632822 PMCID: PMC5881543 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor ligand amphiregulin (AREG) is a potent growth factor implicated in proliferative skin diseases and in primary and metastatic epithelial cancers. AREG, synthesized as a propeptide, requires conversion to an active peptide by metalloproteases by a process known as ectodomain shedding. Although (ADAM17) a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 is a key sheddase of AREG, ADAM8-, ADAM15-, and batimastat (broad metalloprotease inhibitor)-sensitive metalloproteases have also been implicated in AREG shedding. In the present study, using a curly bare (Rhbdf2cub ) mouse model that shows loss-of-hair, enlarged sebaceous gland, and rapid cutaneous wound-healing phenotypes mediated by enhanced Areg mRNA and protein levels, we sought to identify the principal ectodomain sheddase of AREG. To this end, we generated Rhbdf2cub mice lacking ADAM17 specifically in the skin and examined the above phenotypes of Rhbdf2cub mice. We find that ADAM17 deficiency in the skin of Rhbdf2cub mice restores a full hair coat, prevents sebaceous gland enlargement, and impairs the rapid wound-healing phenotype observed in Rhbdf2cub mice. Furthermore, in vitro, stimulated shedding of AREG is abolished in Rhbdf2cub mouse embryonic keratinocytes lacking ADAM17. Thus, our data support previous findings demonstrating that ADAM17 is the major ectodomain sheddase of AREG.
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An Z, Aksoy O, Zheng T, Fan QW, Weiss WA. Epidermal growth factor receptor and EGFRvIII in glioblastoma: signaling pathways and targeted therapies. Oncogene 2018; 37:1561-1575. [PMID: 29321659 PMCID: PMC5860944 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its active mutant EGFRvIII occurs frequently in glioblastoma (GBM). While EGFR and EGFRvIII play critical roles in pathogenesis, targeted therapy with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or antibodies has only shown limited efficacy in patients. Here we discuss signaling pathways mediated by EGFR/EGFRvIII, current therapeutics, and novel strategies to target EGFR/EGFRvIII-amplified GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi An
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ozlem Aksoy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tina Zheng
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qi-Wen Fan
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William A Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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45
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The EGFR-ADAM17 Axis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cystic Fibrosis Lung Pathology. Mediators Inflamm 2018. [PMID: 29540993 PMCID: PMC5818912 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1067134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) share molecular mechanisms that cause the pathological symptoms they have in common. Here, we review evidence suggesting that hyperactivity of the EGFR/ADAM17 axis plays a role in the development of chronic lung disease in both CF and COPD. The ubiquitous transmembrane protease A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) forms a functional unit with the EGF receptor (EGFR), in a feedback loop interaction labeled the ADAM17/EGFR axis. In airway epithelial cells, ADAM17 sheds multiple soluble signaling proteins by proteolysis, including EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin (AREG), and proinflammatory mediators such as the interleukin 6 coreceptor (IL-6R). This activity can be enhanced by injury, toxins, and receptor-mediated external triggers. In addition to intracellular kinases, the extracellular glutathione-dependent redox potential controls ADAM17 shedding. Thus, the epithelial ADAM17/EGFR axis serves as a receptor of incoming luminal stress signals, relaying these to neighboring and underlying cells, which plays an important role in the resolution of lung injury and inflammation. We review evidence that congenital CFTR deficiency in CF and reduced CFTR activity in chronic COPD may cause enhanced ADAM17/EGFR signaling through a defect in glutathione secretion. In future studies, these complex interactions and the options for pharmaceutical interventions will be further investigated.
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Stolarczyk M, Veit G, Schnúr A, Veltman M, Lukacs GL, Scholte BJ. Extracellular oxidation in cystic fibrosis airway epithelium causes enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 314:L555-L568. [PMID: 29351448 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The EGF receptor (EGFR)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) signaling pathway mediates the shedding of growth factors and secretion of cytokines and is involved in chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Since these are hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, we hypothesized that CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) deficiency enhances EGFR/ADAM17 activity in human bronchial epithelial cells. In CF bronchial epithelial CFBE41o- cells lacking functional CFTR (iCFTR-) cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) we found enhanced ADAM17-mediated shedding of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG) compared with genetically identical cells with induced CFTR expression (iCFTR+). Expression of the inactive G551D-CFTR did not have this effect, suggesting that active CFTR reduces EGFR/ADAM17 activity. This was confirmed in CF compared with normal differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-ALI). ADAM17-mediated AREG shedding was tightly regulated by the EGFR/MAPK pathway. Compared with iCFTR+ cells, iCFTR- cells displayed enhanced apical presentation and phosphorylation of EGFR, in accordance with enhanced EGFR/ADAM17 activity in CFTR-deficient cells. The nonpermeant natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) strongly inhibited AREG release in iCFTR and in primary HBEC-ALI, suggesting that ADAM17 activity is directly controlled by extracellular redox potentials in differentiated airway epithelium. Furthermore, the fluorescent redox probe glutaredoxin 1-redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein-glycosylphosphatidylinositol (Grx1-roGFP-GPI) indicated more oxidized conditions in the extracellular space of iCFTR- cells, consistent with the role of CFTR in GSH transport. Our data suggest that in CFTR-deficient airway epithelial cells a more oxidized state of the extracellular membrane, likely caused by defective GSH secretion, leads to enhanced activity of the EGFR/ADAM17 signaling axis. In CF lungs this could contribute to tissue remodeling and hyperinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guido Veit
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Andrea Schnúr
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Mieke Veltman
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Bob J Scholte
- Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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Mambu J, Virlogeux-Payant I, Holbert S, Grépinet O, Velge P, Wiedemann A. An Updated View on the Rck Invasin of Salmonella: Still Much to Discover. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:500. [PMID: 29276700 PMCID: PMC5727353 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a facultative intracellular Gram-negative bacterium, responsible for a wide range of food- and water-borne diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever depending on hosts and serotypes. Salmonella thus represents a major threat to public health. A key step in Salmonella pathogenesis is the invasion of phagocytic and non-phagocytic host cells. To trigger its own internalization into non-phagocytic cells, Salmonella has developed different mechanisms, involving several invasion factors. For decades, it was accepted that Salmonella could only enter cells through a type three secretion system, called T3SS-1. Recent research has shown that this bacterium expresses outer membrane proteins, such as the Rck protein, which is able to induce Salmonella entry mechanism. Rck mimics natural host cell ligands and triggers engulfment of the bacterium by interacting with the epidermal growth factor receptor. Salmonella is thus able to use multiple entry pathways during the Salmonella infection process. However, it is unclear how and when Salmonella exploits the T3SS-1 and Rck entry mechanisms. As a series of reviews have focused on the T3SS-1, this review aims to describe the current knowledge and the limitations of our understanding of the Rck outer membrane protein. The regulatory cascade which controls Rck expression and the molecular mechanisms underlying Rck-mediated invasion into cells are summarized. The potential role of Rck-mediated invasion in Salmonella pathogenesis and the intracellular behavior of the bacteria following a Salmonella Rck-dependent entry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Mambu
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
| | - Isabelle Virlogeux-Payant
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Holbert
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
| | - Olivier Grépinet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Velge
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
| | - Agnès Wiedemann
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.,Université François Rabelais, UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Tours, France
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48
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Pastore V, Bartoli F. Urinary excretion of EGF and MCP-1 in children with vesicoureteral reflux. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 43:549-555. [PMID: 28191787 PMCID: PMC5462148 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2015.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the urinary concentration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) as reflux nephropathy (RN) biomarkers before and after endoscopic treatment of moderate to severe vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR). Materials and methods A prospective study was carried out on 72 children with moderate to severe VUR. All patients underwent endoscopic treatment using Macroplastique® or Deflux®. Vesico-ureteral reflux resolution was tested by post-operative voiding cystourethrography after 3 months and 2 years. Follow-up urinary samples were collected at that time. Control samples were taken from healthy children with no clinical evidence of renal and bladder disease and no history of UTI. Results In VUR patients, pre-operative urinary EGF levels had a down-regulation when compared to controls. Following successful VUR repair, urinary EGF levels of VUR children progressively increased only at long term follow-up but without returning to normal levels. Urinary MCP-1 levels were highly expressed in pre-operative samples and decreased markedly during early post-operative measurements. Urinary MCP-1 levels did not further decreased in late post-operative follow-up. In fact, these levels remained significantly higher when compared to controls. Conclusions Urinary levels of EGF and MCP-1 may become useful markers for monitoring the response to surgical treatment in VUR patients. Although endoscopic VUR treatment is effective in reducing the inflammatory response, the persistence of significant abnormal levels of inflammatory cytokines (such as urinary MCP-1) at long term follow-up suggests that surgery alone may not completely treat the chronic renal inflammation evidenced in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pastore
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Fabio Bartoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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49
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Little AC, Sulovari A, Danyal K, Heppner DE, Seward DJ, van der Vliet A. Paradoxical roles of dual oxidases in cancer biology. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:117-132. [PMID: 28578013 PMCID: PMC5535817 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated oxidative metabolism is a well-recognized aspect of cancer biology, and many therapeutic strategies are based on targeting cancers by altering cellular redox pathways. The NADPH oxidases (NOXes) present an important enzymatic source of biological oxidants, and the expression and activation of several NOX isoforms are frequently dysregulated in many cancers. Cell-based studies have demonstrated a role for several NOX isozymes in controlling cell proliferation and/or cell migration, further supporting a potential contributing role for NOX in promoting cancer. While various NOX isoforms are often upregulated in cancers, paradoxical recent findings indicate that dual oxidases (DUOXes), normally prominently expressed in epithelial lineages, are frequently suppressed in epithelial-derived cancers by epigenetic mechanisms, although the functional relevance of such DUOX silencing has remained unclear. This review will briefly summarize our current understanding regarding the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOXes in cancer biology, and focus on recent observations indicating the unique and seemingly opposing roles of DUOX enzymes in cancer biology. We will discuss current knowledge regarding the functional properties of DUOX, and recent studies highlighting mechanistic consequences of DUOX1 loss in lung cancer, and its consequences for tumor invasiveness and current anticancer therapy. Finally, we will also discuss potentially unique roles for the DUOX maturation factors. Overall, a better understanding of mechanisms that regulate DUOX and the functional consequences of DUOX silencing in cancer may offer valuable new diagnostic insights and novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Little
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States; Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States
| | - Arvis Sulovari
- Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States
| | - Karamatullah Danyal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States
| | - David E Heppner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States; Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States.
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50
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Moor AE, Golan M, Massasa EE, Lemze D, Weizman T, Shenhav R, Baydatch S, Mizrahi O, Winkler R, Golani O, Stern-Ginossar N, Itzkovitz S. Global mRNA polarization regulates translation efficiency in the intestinal epithelium. Science 2017; 357:1299-1303. [PMID: 28798045 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric messenger RNA (mRNA) localization facilitates efficient translation in cells such as neurons and fibroblasts. However, the extent and importance of mRNA polarization in epithelial tissues are unclear. Here, we used single-molecule transcript imaging and subcellular transcriptomics to uncover global apical-basal intracellular polarization of mRNA in the mouse intestinal epithelium. The localization of mRNAs did not generally overlap protein localization. Instead, ribosomes were more abundant on the apical sides, and apical transcripts were consequently more efficiently translated. Refeeding of fasted mice elicited a basal-to-apical shift in polarization of mRNAs encoding ribosomal proteins, which was associated with a specific boost in their translation. This led to increased protein production, required for efficient nutrient absorption. These findings reveal a posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism involving dynamic polarization of mRNA and polarized translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas E Moor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Matan Golan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Efi E Massasa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Doron Lemze
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer Weizman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rom Shenhav
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shaked Baydatch
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orel Mizrahi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Winkler
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noam Stern-Ginossar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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