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Arapi B, Unal S, Malikova N, Omeroglu SN, Guven M. A cross-sectional study comparing the expression of DNA repair molecules in subjects with and without atherosclerotic plaques. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:953. [PMID: 39230767 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis, serving as the primary pathological mechanism at the core of cardiovascular disease, is now widely acknowledged to be associated with DNA damage and repair, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Therefore, molecules involved in the DNA repair process may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Our research endeavors to explore the contributions of specific and interrelated molecules involved in DNA repair (APE1, BRCA1, ERCC2, miR-221-3p, miR-145-5p, and miR-155-5p) to the development of atherosclerotic plaque and their interactions with each other. METHODS & RESULTS Gene expression study was conducted using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method on samples from carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques and nonatherosclerotic internal mammary arteries obtained from 50 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and carotid artery disease. Additionally, 50 healthy controls were included for the determination of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Although no difference was observed in mRNA gene expressions, we noted a decrease in miR-155-5p gene expression (p = 0.003) and an increase in miR-221-3p gene expression (p = 0.015) in plaque samples, while miR-145-5p gene expression remained unchanged (p = 0.57). Regarding serum 8-OHdG levels, patients exhibited significantly higher levels (1111.82 ± 28.64) compared to controls (636.23 ± 24.23) (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In our study demonstrating the role of miR-155-5p and miR-221-3p in atherosclerosis, we propose that these molecules are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for coronary artery diseases and carotid artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berk Arapi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Unal
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey
| | - Narmina Malikova
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey
| | - Suat Nail Omeroglu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Guven
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
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2
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Su H, Wang X, Wang L, Yuan N. Therapeutic Targeting of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Modulate Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01481-9. [PMID: 39145823 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a potentially fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a chronic inflammatory condition. The disease's onset and progression are influenced by inflammatory and immunological mechanisms. The innate immune pathways are essential in the progression of AS, as they are responsible for detecting first danger signals and causing long-term changes in immune cells. The innate immune system possesses distinct receptors known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which can identify both pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular signals. Activation of PRRs initiates the inflammatory response in various physiological systems, such as the cardiovascular system. This review specifically examines the contribution of the innate immune response and PRRs to the formation and advancement of AS. Studying the role of these particular receptors in AS would enhance our understanding of the development of AS and offer novel approaches for directly improving the inflammatory response associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Su
- Cardiology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Xiancheng Wang
- Cardiology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Cardiology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Rheumatology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 30000, China.
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3
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Chen K, Zhai Y, Wang Y, Xu Z, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zheng X, Lin F. H 2O 2 promotes photodynamic efficacy of TMPyP4 against ovarian cancer in vitro by downregulating HIF-1α expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117110. [PMID: 39002439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), employing photosensitizers to induce formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for tumor elimination, is emerging as a promising treatment modality in oncology due to its unique benefits. However, the PDT application in ovarian cancer, the most prevalent and lethal type of gynecological malignancy with a severe hypoxic microenvironment, remains unknown. This study revealed that photosensitizer TMPyP4 exhibited enhanced efficacy under H2O2 stimulation, with minimal change in cytotoxicity compared to TMPyP4 alone. The results showed that H2O2 increased ROS production induced by TMPyP4, leading to exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage, ultimately inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, H2O2 primarily enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of PDT with TMPyP4 against ovarian cancer cells by degrading HIF-1α, which subsequently modulated the HIF-1 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating the hypoxic environment in ovarian cancer cells. Our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting HIF-1α within the hypoxic microenvironment for PDT in ovarian cancer and propose a novel integrated strategy for PDT treatment of this malignancy in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yuanqiu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zichuang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaojian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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4
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Krych S, Jęczmyk A, Jurkiewicz M, Żurek M, Jekiełek M, Kowalczyk P, Kramkowski K, Hrapkowicz T. Viral Myocarditis as a Factor Leading to the Development of Heart Failure Symptoms, Including the Role of Parvovirus B19 Infection-Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8127. [PMID: 39125696 PMCID: PMC11312286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis (MC) is defined as an immunological inflammatory reaction with various etiologies, clinical presentations and prognoses within the myocardium. Currently, parvovirus B19 (PVB19) has become the main factor leading to this disease, replacing the previously dominant viruses A and B. In the case of chronic heart failure with subsequent dilated cardiomyopathy, approximately 67% have a viral etiology, and most of them are the result of PVB19 infection. However, the analysis showed a correlation between PVB19 infection and the risk of developing inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi). PVB19 is detected in 23% of patients with DCMi. Chronic infection may also contribute to progressive left ventricular failure in patients with a history of MC. The above effect suggests the active replication of PVB19 only in heart biopsies with inflammation due to MC or DCMi. Moreover, the supply of IFN-β to suppress the active transcription of PVB19 accompanied by DCMi over a period of 6 months results in the normalization of NT-proBNP and an improvement in LVEF along with NYHA performance. The small number of reports on this topic and inaccuracies resulting from constantly conducted research and ongoing changes make it impossible to clearly answer the question of whether PVB19 is a factor inducing de novo MC and DCM or only accompanies the above conditions. However, large clinical cohort studies lead to the perception of PVB19 as a viral etiological agent capable of causing de novo MC together with DCMi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Krych
- Student’s Scientific Association, Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Jęczmyk
- Student’s Scientific Association, Department of Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Siences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Michał Jurkiewicz
- Student’s Scientific Association, 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Martyna Żurek
- Zbigniew Religa Student’s Scientific Association, Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Jekiełek
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 31-008 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Hrapkowicz
- Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases in Zabrze, Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
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5
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Liao FJ, Shen SL, Bao HL, Li H, Zhao QW, Chen L, Gong CW, Xiong CZ, Liu WP, Li W, Liu DN. Identification and experimental validation of KMO as a critical immune-associated mitochondrial gene in unstable atherosclerotic plaque. J Transl Med 2024; 22:668. [PMID: 39026250 PMCID: PMC11256392 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heightened risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is associated with the increased instability of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers has impeded the assessment of plaque instability currently. This study was aimed to investigate and identify hub genes associated with unstable plaques through the integration of various bioinformatics tools, providing novel insights into the detection and treatment of this condition. METHODS Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) combined with two machine learning methods were used to identify hub genes strongly associated with plaque instability. The cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) method was utilized to assess immune cell infiltration patterns in atherosclerosis patients. Additionally, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was conducted to investigate the potential biological functions, pathways, and mechanisms of hub genes associated with unstable plaques. To further validate the diagnostic efficiency and expression of the hub genes, immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed on collected human carotid plaque and blood samples. Immunofluorescence co-staining was also utilized to confirm the association between hub genes and immune cells, as well as their colocalization with mitochondria. RESULTS The CIBERSORT analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the infiltration of CD8 T cells and an obvious increase in the infiltration of M0 macrophages in patients with atherosclerosis. Subsequently, two highly relevant modules (blue and green) strongly associated with atherosclerotic plaque instability were identified. Through intersection with mitochondria-related genes, 50 crucial genes were identified. Further analysis employing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms revealed six hub genes significantly associated with plaque instability. Among them, NT5DC3, ACADL, SLC25A4, ALDH1B1, and MAOB exhibited positive correlations with CD8 T cells and negative correlations with M0 macrophages, while kynurenine 3-monooxygenas (KMO) demonstrated a positive correlation with M0 macrophages and a negative correlation with CD8 T cells. IHC and RT-qPCR analyses of human carotid plaque samples, as well as ELISA analyses of blood samples, revealed significant upregulation of KMO and MAOB expression, along with decreased ALDH1B1 expression, in both stable and unstable samples compared to the control samples. However, among the three key genes mentioned above, only KMO showed a significant increase in expression in unstable plaque samples compared to stable plaque samples. Furthermore, the expression patterns of KMO in human carotid unstable plaque tissues and cultured mouse macrophage cell lines were assessed using immunofluorescence co-staining techniques. Finally, lentivirus-mediated KMO silencing was successfully transduced into the aortas of high-fat-fed ApoE-/- mice, with results indicating that KMO silencing attenuated plaque formation and promoted plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that KMO, a mitochondria-targeted gene associated with macrophage cells, holds promise as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for assessing the instability of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jun Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Shao-Liang Shen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Hai-Long Bao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Quan-Wei Zhao
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Long Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Cai-Wei Gong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Xiong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Wu-Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Remodeling Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
| | - Da-Nan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
- School of Graduate Studies, Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
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Zhang Q, Shen L, Ruan H, Huang Z. cGAS-STING signaling in cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1402817. [PMID: 38803502 PMCID: PMC11128581 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1402817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterile inflammation, characterized by a persistent chronic inflammatory state, significantly contributes to the progression of various diseases such as autoimmune, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders. Recent evidence has increasingly highlighted the intricate connection between inflammatory responses and cardiovascular diseases, underscoring the pivotal role of the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING). STING is crucial for the secretion of type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic nucleic acids, playing a vital role in the innate immune system. Specifically, research has underscored the STING pathway involvement in unregulated inflammations, where its aberrant activation leads to a surge in inflammatory events, enhanced IFN I responses, and cell death. The primary pathway triggering STING activation is the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) pathway. This review delves into recent findings on STING and the cGAS-STING pathways, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and impact on cardiovascular diseases. It also discusses the latest advancements in identifying antagonists targeting cGAS and STING, and concludes by assessing the potential of cGAS or STING inhibitors as treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbiao Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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7
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Xu G, Amei A, Wu W, Liu Y, Shen L, Oh EC, Wang Z. RETROSPECTIVE VARYING COEFFICIENT ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL BINARY TRAITS: APPLICATION TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION. Ann Appl Stat 2024; 18:487-505. [PMID: 38577266 PMCID: PMC10994004 DOI: 10.1214/23-aoas1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Many genetic studies contain rich information on longitudinal phenotypes that require powerful analytical tools for optimal analysis. Genetic analysis of longitudinal data that incorporates temporal variation is important for understanding the genetic architecture and biological variation of complex diseases. Most of the existing methods assume that the contribution of genetic variants is constant over time and fail to capture the dynamic pattern of disease progression. However, the relative influence of genetic variants on complex traits fluctuates over time. In this study, we propose a retrospective varying coefficient mixed model association test, RVMMAT, to detect time-varying genetic effect on longitudinal binary traits. We model dynamic genetic effect using smoothing splines, estimate model parameters by maximizing a double penalized quasi-likelihood function, design a joint test using a Cauchy combination method, and evaluate statistical significance via a retrospective approach to achieve robustness to model misspecification. Through simulations we illustrated that the retrospective varying-coefficient test was robust to model misspecification under different ascertainment schemes and gained power over the association methods assuming constant genetic effect. We applied RVMMAT to a genome-wide association analysis of longitudinal measure of hypertension in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Pathway analysis identified two important pathways related to G-protein signaling and DNA damage. Our results demonstrated that RVMMAT could detect biologically relevant loci and pathways in a genome scan and provided insight into the genetic architecture of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada
| | - Amei Amei
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada
| | - Weimiao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health
| | - Yunqing Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health
| | - Linchuan Shen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada
| | - Edwin C. Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada School of Medicine
| | - Zuoheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health
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8
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Li X, Liu A, Xie C, Chen Y, Zeng K, Xie C, Zhang Z, Luo P, Huang H. The transcription factor GATA6 accelerates vascular smooth muscle cell senescence-related arterial calcification by counteracting the role of anti-aging factor SIRT6 and impeding DNA damage repair. Kidney Int 2024; 105:115-131. [PMID: 37914087 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Arterial calcification is a hallmark of vascular pathology in the elderly and in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), after attaining a senescent phenotype, are implicated in the calcifying process. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we reveal an aberrant upregulation of transcriptional factor GATA6 in the calcified aortas of humans, mice with CKD and mice subjected to vitamin D3 injection. Knockdown of GATA6, via recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying GATA6 shRNA, inhibited the development of arterial calcification in mice with CKD. Further gain- and loss-of function experiments in vitro verified the contribution of GATA6 in osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs. Samples of human aorta exhibited a positive relationship between age and GATA6 expression and GATA6 was also elevated in the aortas of old as compared to young mice. Calcified aortas displayed senescent features with VSMCs undergoing premature senescence, blunted by GATA6 downregulation. Notably, abnormal induction of GATA6 in senescent and calcified aortas was rescued in Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6)-transgenic mice, a well-established longevity mouse model. Suppression of GATA6 accounted for the favorable effect of SIRT6 on VSMCs senescence prevention. Mechanistically, SIRT6 inhibited the transcription of GATA6 by deacetylation and increased degradation of transcription factor Nkx2.5. Moreover, GATA6 was induced by DNA damage stress during arterial calcification and subsequently impeded the Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-mediated DNA damage repair process, leading to accelerated VSMCs senescence and osteogenic differentiation. Thus, GATA6 is a novel regulator in VSMCs senescence. Our findings provide novel insight in arterial calcification and a potential new target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiting Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanlian Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changming Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengzhipeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Universities for Nutritional Metabolism and Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Zhao Q, Wang T, Long Q, Sun Y, Jiao L, Gullerova M. DNA damage response, a double-edged sword for vascular aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102137. [PMID: 38007046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a major risk factor for age-related cardiovascular diseases, which have high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by changes in the blood vessels, such as macroscopically increased vascular diameter and intima-medial thickness, chronic inflammation, vascular calcification, arterial stiffening, and atherosclerosis. DNA damage and the subsequent various DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are important causative factors of vascular aging. Deficient DDR, which may result in the accumulation of unrepaired damaged DNA or mutations, can lead to vascular aging. On the other hand, over-activation of some DDR proteins, such as poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), also can enhance the process of vascular aging, suggesting that DDR can have both positive and negative effects on vascular aging. Despite the evidence reviewed in this paper, the role of DDR in vascular aging and potential therapeutic targets remain poorly understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- M.D. Program, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qilin Long
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Yixin Sun
- First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
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10
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Nian L, Xiaohua L, Rongcheng L, Song-Bai L. Types of DNA damage and research progress. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37948546 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2277194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage is a modification in the structure of DNA under the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors. DNA damage can cause different types of diseases and is closely related to genetic mutations, cancer, and aging. The cause of the corresponding reaction process is essential for the study of related cancers and other genetically related diseases. Therefore, it is essential to gain a deeper understanding of the various types of DNA damage. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in the types of DNA damage and associated reaction processes, including damage to DNA bases, nucleotides, and strands, as well as the biological implications of the damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Nian
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Xiaohua
- Thyroid and breast surgery, Wuzhong People's Hospital of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Rongcheng
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Liu Song-Bai
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
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11
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Jain A, Casanova D, Padilla AV, Paniagua Bojorges A, Kotla S, Ko KA, Samanthapudi VSK, Chau K, Nguyen MTH, Wen J, Hernandez Gonzalez SL, Rodgers SP, Olmsted-Davis EA, Hamilton DJ, Reyes-Gibby C, Yeung SCJ, Cooke JP, Herrmann J, Chini EN, Xu X, Yusuf SW, Yoshimoto M, Lorenzi PL, Hobbs B, Krishnan S, Koutroumpakis E, Palaskas NL, Wang G, Deswal A, Lin SH, Abe JI, Le NT. Premature senescence and cardiovascular disease following cancer treatments: mechanistic insights. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1212174. [PMID: 37781317 PMCID: PMC10540075 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among the aging population. The "response-to-injury" model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross in 1999 emphasizes inflammation as a critical factor in atherosclerosis development, with atherosclerotic plaques forming due to endothelial cell (EC) injury, followed by myeloid cell adhesion and invasion into the blood vessel walls. Recent evidence indicates that cancer and its treatments can lead to long-term complications, including CVD. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is implicated in CVD pathogenesis, particularly in cancer survivors. However, the precise mechanisms linking premature senescence to CVD in cancer survivors remain poorly understood. This article aims to provide mechanistic insights into this association and propose future directions to better comprehend this complex interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashita Jain
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Diego Casanova
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Khanh Chau
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jake Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Shaefali P. Rodgers
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cielito Reyes-Gibby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sai-Ching J. Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Cardio Oncology Clinic, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Syed Wamique Yusuf
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Division of VP Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brain Hobbs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Efstratios Koutroumpakis
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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12
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Nguyen MTH, Imanishi M, Li S, Chau K, Banerjee P, Velatooru LR, Ko KA, Samanthapudi VSK, Gi YJ, Lee LL, Abe RJ, McBeath E, Deswal A, Lin SH, Palaskas NL, Dantzer R, Fujiwara K, Borchrdt MK, Turcios EB, Olmsted-Davis EA, Kotla S, Cooke JP, Wang G, Abe JI, Le NT. Endothelial activation and fibrotic changes are impeded by laminar flow-induced CHK1-SENP2 activity through mechanisms distinct from endothelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1187490. [PMID: 37711550 PMCID: PMC10499395 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1187490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The deSUMOylase sentrin-specific isopeptidase 2 (SENP2) plays a crucial role in atheroprotection. However, the phosphorylation of SENP2 at T368 under disturbed flow (D-flow) conditions hinders its nuclear function and promotes endothelial cell (EC) activation. SUMOylation has been implicated in D-flow-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (endoMT), but the precise role of SENP2 in counteracting this process remains unclear. Method We developed a phospho-specific SENP2 S344 antibody and generated knock-in (KI) mice with a phospho-site mutation of SENP2 S344A using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We then investigated the effects of SENP2 S344 phosphorylation under two distinct flow patterns and during hypercholesteremia (HC)-mediated EC activation. Result Our findings demonstrate that laminar flow (L-flow) induces phosphorylation of SENP2 at S344 through the activation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), leading to the inhibition of ERK5 and p53 SUMOylation and subsequent suppression of EC activation. We observed a significant increase in lipid-laden lesions in both the aortic arch (under D-flow) and descending aorta (under L-flow) of female hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice. In male hypercholesterolemic SENP2 S344A KI mice, larger lipid-laden lesions were only observed in the aortic arch area, suggesting a weaker HC-mediated atherogenesis in male mice compared to females. Ionizing radiation (IR) reduced CHK1 expression and SENP2 S344 phosphorylation, attenuating the pro-atherosclerotic effects observed in female SENP2 S344A KI mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), particularly in L-flow areas. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A upregulates processes associated with EC activation, including inflammation, migration, and proliferation. Additionally, fibrotic changes and up-regulated expression of EC marker genes were observed. Apoptosis was augmented in ECs derived from the lungs of SENP2 S344A KI mice, primarily through the inhibition of ERK5-mediated expression of DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor (DDIAS). Summary In this study, we have revealed a novel mechanism underlying the suppressive effects of L-flow on EC inflammation, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrotic changes through promoting CHK1-induced SENP2 S344 phosphorylation. The phospho-site mutation SENP2 S344A responds to L-flow through a distinct mechanism, which involves the upregulation of both mesenchymal and EC marker genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Life Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shengyu Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Khanh Chau
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Loka reddy Velatooru
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Young J. Gi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ling-Ling Lee
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rei J. Abe
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elena McBeath
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Keigi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mae K. Borchrdt
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Estefani Berrios Turcios
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Olmsted-Davis
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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13
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Zhao Y, Jia H, Hua X, An T, Song J. Cardio-oncology: Shared Genetic, Metabolic, and Pharmacologic Mechanism. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:863-878. [PMID: 37493874 PMCID: PMC10403418 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The article aims to investigate the complex relationship between cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a focus on the effects of cancer treatment on cardiac health. RECENT FINDINGS Advances in cancer treatment have improved long-term survival rates, but CVD has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The interplay between cancer itself, treatment methods, homeostatic changes, and lifestyle modifications contributes to this comorbidity. Recent research in the field of cardio-oncology has revealed common genetic mutations, risk factors, and metabolic features associated with the co-occurrence of cancer and CVD. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest research in cardio-oncology, including common genetic mutations, risk factors, and metabolic features, and explores the interactions between cancer treatment and CVD drugs, proposing novel approaches for the management of cancer and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Tao An
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, PUMC, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, 100037 Beijing, China
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14
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Zhang W, Zhong R, Qu X, Xiang Y, Ji M. Effect of 8-Hydroxyguanine DNA Glycosylase 1 on the Function of Immune Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1300. [PMID: 37372030 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause an imbalance between oxidation and anti-oxidation, leading to the occurrence of oxidative stress in the body. The most common product of ROS-induced base damage is 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoG). Failure to promptly remove 8-oxoG often causes mutations during DNA replication. 8-oxoG is cleared from cells by the 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)-mediated oxidative damage base excision repair pathway so as to prevent cells from suffering dysfunction due to oxidative stress. Physiological immune homeostasis and, in particular, immune cell function are vulnerable to oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that inflammation, aging, cancer, and other diseases are related to an imbalance in immune homeostasis caused by oxidative stress. However, the role of the OGG1-mediated oxidative damage repair pathway in the activation and maintenance of immune cell function is unknown. This review summarizes the current understanding of the effect of OGG1 on immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ranwei Zhong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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15
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Banerjee P, Rosales JE, Chau K, Nguyen MTH, Kotla S, Lin SH, Deswal A, Dantzer R, Olmsted-Davis EA, Nguyen H, Wang G, Cooke JP, Abe JI, Le NT. Possible molecular mechanisms underlying the development of atherosclerosis in cancer survivors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1186679. [PMID: 37332576 PMCID: PMC10272458 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1186679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer survivors undergone treatment face an increased risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies have revealed that chemotherapy can drive senescent cancer cells to acquire a proliferative phenotype known as senescence-associated stemness (SAS). These SAS cells exhibit enhanced growth and resistance to cancer treatment, thereby contributing to disease progression. Endothelial cell (EC) senescence has been implicated in atherosclerosis and cancer, including among cancer survivors. Treatment modalities for cancer can induce EC senescence, leading to the development of SAS phenotype and subsequent atherosclerosis in cancer survivors. Consequently, targeting senescent ECs displaying the SAS phenotype hold promise as a therapeutic approach for managing atherosclerotic CVD in this population. This review aims to provide a mechanistic understanding of SAS induction in ECs and its contribution to atherosclerosis among cancer survivors. We delve into the mechanisms underlying EC senescence in response to disturbed flow and ionizing radiation, which play pivotal role in atherosclerosis and cancer. Key pathways, including p90RSK/TERF2IP, TGFβR1/SMAD, and BH4 signaling are explored as potential targets for cancer treatment. By comprehending the similarities and distinctions between different types of senescence and the associated pathways, we can pave the way for targeted interventions aim at enhancing the cardiovascular health of this vulnerable population. The insights gained from this review may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for managing atherosclerotic CVD in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Banerjee
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Julia Enterría Rosales
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- School of Medicine, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Khanh Chau
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Olmsted-Davis
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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16
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Nikfarjam S, Singh KK. DNA damage response signaling: A common link between cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4380-4404. [PMID: 36156462 PMCID: PMC9972122 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) signaling ensures genomic and proteomic homeostasis to maintain a healthy genome. Dysregulation either in the form of down- or upregulation in the DDR pathways correlates with various pathophysiological states, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Impaired DDR is studied as a signature mechanism for cancer; however, it also plays a role in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), inflammation, cardiovascular function, and aging, demonstrating a complex and intriguing relationship between cancer and pathophysiology of CVDs. Accordingly, there are increasing number of reports indicating higher incidences of CVDs in cancer patients. In the present review, we thoroughly discuss (1) different DDR pathways, (2) the functional cross talk among different DDR mechanisms, (3) the role of DDR in cancer, (4) the commonalities and differences of DDR between cancer and CVDs, (5) the role of DDR in pathophysiology of CVDs, (6) interventional strategies for targeting genomic instability in CVDs, and (7) future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Nikfarjam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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17
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Li S, Deng J, Sun D, Chen S, Yao X, Wang N, Zhang J, Gu Q, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhu S, Zhu H, Li H, Xu X, Wei F. FBXW7 alleviates hyperglycemia-induced endothelial oxidative stress injury via ROS and PARP inhibition. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102530. [PMID: 36427396 PMCID: PMC9692029 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other diabetic vascular complications are the leading cause of death and disability in patients with suboptimum glycemic control. In the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular diseases, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) hyperactivation play important roles in endothelial cell impairment. Adipose differentiation-related protein FBXW7 was reported to regulate PGC-1α stability and mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of FBXW7 in repairing endothelial oxidative stress injuries under hyperglycemic conditions. FBXW7 promoted the hampered activity of homologous recombination and non-homologues end joining pathway for repairing DNA double-strand breaks damage, an initiating factor for PARP hyperactivation and diabetic vascular complications. The abundant mobilization of DNA damage repair mediated by FBXW7 suppressed PARP activation, leading to downregulation of PARP expression and activity in both human endothelial cells and diabetic rat retinas. This provided a new method for PARP inhibition, superior to PARP inhibitors for treating diabetic vascular complication. Furthermore, FBXW7 rescued downregulated NAD+ levels and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby reducing superoxide production under hyperglycemic conditions. These effects reversed oxidative injury and vascular leakage in diabetic rat retina, providing a potential future treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shimei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xieyi Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shuchang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shaopin Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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18
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Tian W, Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Ju J, Xu H. Global research trends in atherosclerosis: A bibliometric and visualized study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:956482. [PMID: 36082127 PMCID: PMC9445883 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.956482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing evidence has spurred a considerable evolution of concepts related to atherosclerosis, prompting the need to provide a comprehensive view of the growing literature. By retrieving publications in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) of Clarivate Analytics, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on atherosclerosis to describe the research landscape.MethodsA search was conducted of the WoSCC for articles and reviews serving exclusively as a source of information on atherosclerosis published between 2012 and 2022. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to chart the annual productivity of research relevant to atherosclerosis. Through CiteSpace and VOSviewer, the most prolific countries or regions, authors, journals, and resource-, intellectual-, and knowledge-sharing in atherosclerosis research, as well as co-citation analysis of references and keywords, were analyzed.ResultsA total of 20,014 publications were retrieved. In terms of publications, the United States remains the most productive country (6,390, 31,93%). The most publications have been contributed by Johns Hopkins Univ (730, 3.65%). ALVARO ALONSO produced the most published works (171, 0.85%). With a betweenness centrality of 0.17, ERIN D MICHOS was the most influential author. The most prolific journal was identified as Atherosclerosis (893, 4.46%). Circulation received the most co-citations (14,939, 2.79%). Keywords with the ongoing strong citation bursts were “nucleotide-binding oligomerization (NOD), Leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing protein (NLRP3) inflammasome,” “short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),” “exosome,” and “homeostasis,” etc.ConclusionThe research on atherosclerosis is driven mostly by North America and Europe. Intensive research has focused on the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis, as well as its complications. Specifically, the NLRP3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β, gut microbiota and SCFAs, exosome, long non-coding RNAs, autophagy, and cellular senescence were described to be hot issues in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Tian
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Ju
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianqing Ju,
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hao Xu,
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19
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Liu S, Zhao F, Deng Y, Zeng Y, Yan B, Guo J, Gao Q. Investigating the multi-target therapeutic mechanism of Guihuang formula on Chronic Prostatitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115386. [PMID: 35580771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic prostatitis (CP) is a complex, intractable and prevalent urological disorder in men with no effective treatment. Guihuang formula (GHF) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound that is advantageous as a CP treatment, but its aetiology is poorly understood. Research and exploration of the mechanism of GHF will help the development of a potentially valuable drug for CP and provide deeper insight into CP. AIM OF THE STUDY To examine and further clarify the multi-target therapeutic mechanism of GHF on CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical components in GHF were identified using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The active components and potential targets of GHF for the treatment of CP were screened and analyzed using network pharmacology and molecular docking. We constructed a CP rat model to investigate the therapeutic effect of GHF on CP and verify the influence of key targets and core pathways based on the results of network pharmacology. RESULTS A total of 143 ingredients were identified in GHF using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, and 111 potential targets for GHF of CP were predicted. The "drug-ingredient-target-pathway" network was constructed and in compliance with the "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" principle. GHF significantly reduced the prostate index, alleviated histological damage in the prostate, decreased CD3+ T cells and CD45+ leukocyte infiltration in the prostate, downregulated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, COX-2, MCP-1 and TNF-α, decreased ROS levels and alleviated the production of MDA accompanied by an increase of SOD and GSH-PX levels. Meanwhile, GHF suppressed apoptosis in macrophages, downregulated the mRNA levels of PI3K, AKT and P65 NF-κB and inhibited the phosphorylation of the PI3K, AKT and P65 NF-κB. CONCLUSION A network pharmacology and experimental validation-based strategy was used to elucidate the underlying "multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway" mode of action of GHF against CP. We verified that GHF inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response, suppressed apoptosis in macrophages, inhibited the activation of the inflammation-related PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway in CP rat. These findings extend the conventional views of "one drug hits one target", and offer novel insights and indication paradigm for the future discovery on the multi-target therapeutic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjing Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Graduate School of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjun Deng
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Zeng
- Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Xu D. New insights into macrophage subsets in atherosclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1239-1251. [PMID: 35930063 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages in atherosclerotic patients are notably plastic and heterogeneous. Single-cell RNA sequencing (Sc RNA-seq) can provide information about all the RNAs in individual cells, and it is used to identify cell subpopulations in atherosclerosis (AS) and reveal the heterogeneity of these cells. Recently, some findings from Sc RNA-seq experiments have suggested the existence of multiple macrophage subsets in atherosclerotic plaque lesions, and these subsets exhibit significant differences in their gene expression levels and functions. These cells affect various aspects of plaque lesion development, stabilization, and regression, as well as plaque rupture. This article aims to review the content and results of current studies that used RNA-seq to explore the different types of macrophages in AS and the related molecular mechanisms as well as to identify the potential roles of these macrophage types in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques. Also, this review listed some new therapeutic targets for delaying atherosclerotic lesion progression and treatment based on the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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21
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Jin Y, Yaegashi D, Shi L, Ishida M, Sakai C, Yokokawa T, Abe Y, Sakai A, Yamaki T, Kunii H, Nakazato K, Hijioka N, Awai K, Tashiro S, Takeishi Y, Ishida T. DNA Damage Induced by Radiation Exposure from Cardiac Catheterization. Int Heart J 2022; 63:466-475. [PMID: 35650148 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Almost 40% of medical radiation exposure is related to cardiac imaging or intervention. However, the biological effects of low-dose radiation from medical imaging remain largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ionized radiation from cardiac catheterization on genomic DNA integrity and inflammatory cytokines in patients and operators.Peripheral mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from patients (n = 51) and operators (n = 35) before and after coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. The expression of γH2AX, a marker for DNA double-strand breaks, was measured by immunofluorescence. Dicentric chromosomes (DICs), a form of chromosome aberrations, were assayed using a fluorescent in situ hybridization technique.In the patient MNCs, the numbers of γH2AX foci and DICs increased after cardiac catheterization by 4.5 ± 9.4-fold and 71 ± 122%, respectively (P < 0.05 for both). The mRNA expressions of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, leukemia inhibitory factor, and caspase-1 were significantly increased by radiation exposure from cardiac catheterization. The increase in IL-1β was significantly correlated with that of γH2AX, but not with the dose area product. In the operators, neither γH2AX foci nor the DIC level was changed, but IL-1β mRNA was significantly increased. The protein expression of IκBα was significantly decreased in both groups.DNA damage was increased in the MNCs of patients, but not of operators, who underwent cardiac catheterization. Inflammatory cytokines were increased in both the patients and operators, presumably through NF-κB activation. Further efforts to reduce radiation exposure from cardiac catheterization are necessary for both patients and operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Daiki Yaegashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University
| | - Mari Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Chiemi Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Tetsuro Yokokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Yu Abe
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Akira Sakai
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Takayoshi Yamaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Hiroyuki Kunii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | | | - Naoko Hijioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
| | - Kazuo Awai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Satoshi Tashiro
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University
| | | | - Takafumi Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
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22
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Zha Y, Zhuang W, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Li H, Liang J. Senescence in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:910580. [PMID: 35722104 PMCID: PMC9198250 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.910580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the primary cell type involved in the atherosclerosis process; senescent VSMCs are observed in both aged vessels and atherosclerotic plaques. Factors associated with the atherosclerotic process, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and calcium-regulating factors, are closely linked to senescence in VSMCs. A number of experimental studies using traditional cellular aging markers have suggested that anti-aging biochemical agents could be used to treat atherosclerosis. However, doubt has recently been cast on such potential due to the increasingly apparent complexity of VSMCs status and an incomplete understanding of the role that these cells play in the atherosclerosis process, as well as a lack of specific or spectrum-limited cellular aging markers. The utility of anti-aging drugs in atherosclerosis treatment should be reevaluated. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle, exploring in depth the characteristics of each cell type associated with atherosclerosis, including VSMCs, and development of targeted drug delivery systems will ensure efficacy whilst evaluation of the safety and tolerability of drug use should be key aims of future anti-atherosclerosis research. This review summarizes the characteristics of VSMC senescence during the atherosclerosis process, the factors regulating this process, as well as an overview of progress toward the development and application of anti-aging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zha
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Zhuang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Yang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Li,
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jingyan Liang,
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23
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Fu W, Ren H, Shou J, Liao Q, Li L, Shi Y, Jose PA, Zeng C, Wang WE. Loss of NPPA-AS1 promotes heart regeneration by stabilizing SFPQ-NONO heteromer-induced DNA repair. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:10. [PMID: 35247074 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00921-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in endogenous cardiac regeneration remains largely elusive. The mammalian cardiomyocyte is capable of regeneration for a brief period after birth. This fact allows the exploration of the roles of critical lncRNAs in the regulation of cardiac regeneration. Through a cardiac regeneration model by apical resection (AR) of the left ventricle in neonatal mice, we identified an lncRNA named natriuretic peptide A antisense RNA 1 (NPPA-AS1), which negatively regulated cardiomyocyte proliferation. In neonates, NPPA-AS1 deletion did not affect heart development, but was sufficient to prolong the postnatal window of regeneration after AR. In adult mice, NPPA-AS1 deletion improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size after myocardial infarction (MI), associated with a significant improvement in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Further analysis showed that NPPA-AS1 interacted with DNA repair-related molecule splicing factor, proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ). A heteromer of SFPQ and non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NONO) was required for double-strand DNA break repair, but NPPA-AS1 was competitively bound with SFPQ due to the overlapped binding sites of SFPQ and NONO. NPPA-AS1 deletion promoted the binding of SFPQ-NONO heteromer, decreased DNA damage, and activated cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry. Together, loss of NPPA-AS1 promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation by stabilizing SFPQ-NONO heteromer-induced DNA repair and exerted a therapeutic effect against MI in adult mice. Consequently, NPPA-AS1 may be a novel target for stimulating cardiac regeneration to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialing Shou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Kidney Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Heart Center of Fujian Province, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Ramírez R, Ceprian N, Figuer A, Valera G, Bodega G, Alique M, Carracedo J. Endothelial Senescence and the Chronic Vascular Diseases: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities in Atherosclerosis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020215. [PMID: 35207703 PMCID: PMC8874678 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is probably one of the paradigms of disease linked to aging. Underlying the physiopathology of atherosclerosis are cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These factors are increased in the elderly and from chronic disease patients. Elevated levels of oxidative stress affect cellular function and metabolism, inducing senescence. This senescence modifies the cell phenotype into a senescent secretory phenotype. This phenotype activates immune cells, leading to chronic systemic inflammation. Moreover, due to their secretory phenotype, senescence cells present an increased release of highlighted extracellular vesicles that will change nearby/neighborhood cells and paracrine signaling. For this reason, searching for specific senescent cell biomarkers and therapies against the development/killing of senescent cells has become relevant. Recently, senomorphic and senolityc drugs have become relevant in slowing down or eliminating senescence cells. However, even though they have shown promising results in experimental studies, their clinical use is still yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Noemi Ceprian
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (G.V.)
| | - Andrea Figuer
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Gemma Valera
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (G.V.)
| | - Guillermo Bodega
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Matilde Alique
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain/Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (J.C.)
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25
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Wu L, Sowers JR, Zhang Y, Ren J. OUP accepted manuscript. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:691-709. [PMID: 35576480 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) arise from a complex interplay among genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic abnormalities. Emerging evidence has recently consolidated the presence of robust DNA damage in a variety of cardiovascular disorders. DNA damage triggers a series of cellular responses termed DNA damage response (DDR) including detection of DNA lesions, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cellular senescence, and apoptosis, in all organ systems including hearts and vasculature. Although transient DDR in response to temporary DNA damage can be beneficial for cardiovascular function, persistent activation of DDR promotes the onset and development of CVDs. Moreover, therapeutic interventions that target DNA damage and DDR have the potential to attenuate cardiovascular dysfunction and improve disease outcome. In this review, we will discuss molecular mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in the onset and development of CVDs, and explore how DDR in specific cardiac cell types contributes to CVDs. Moreover, we will highlight the latest advances regarding the potential therapeutic strategies targeting DNA damage signalling in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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The cGAS-STING signaling in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: Future novel target option for pharmacotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:50-75. [PMID: 35127372 PMCID: PMC8799861 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling exert essential regulatory function in microbial-and onco-immunology through the induction of cytokines, primarily type I interferons. Recently, the aberrant and deranged signaling of the cGAS-STING axis is closely implicated in multiple sterile inflammatory diseases, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, aortic aneurysm and dissection, obesity, etc. This is because of the massive loads of damage-associated molecular patterns (mitochondrial DNA, DNA in extracellular vesicles) liberated from recurrent injury to metabolic cellular organelles and tissues, which are sensed by the pathway. Also, the cGAS-STING pathway crosstalk with essential intracellular homeostasis processes like apoptosis, autophagy, and regulate cellular metabolism. Targeting derailed STING signaling has become necessary for chronic inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, excessive type I interferons signaling impact on cardiovascular and metabolic health remain entirely elusive. In this review, we summarize the intimate connection between the cGAS-STING pathway and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. We also discuss some potential small molecule inhibitors for the pathway. This review provides insight to stimulate interest in and support future research into understanding this signaling axis in cardiovascular and metabolic tissues and diseases.
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Key Words
- AA, amino acids
- AAD, aortic aneurysm and dissection
- AKT, protein kinase B
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- CBD, C-binding domain
- CDG, c-di-GMP
- CDNs, cyclic dinucleotides
- CTD, C-terminal domain
- CTT, C-terminal tail
- CVDs, cardiovascular diseases
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Cys, cysteine
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- Damage-associated molecular patterns
- DsbA-L, disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein
- ER stress
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GTP, guanosine triphosphate
- HAQ, R71H-G230A-R293Q
- HFD, high-fat diet
- ICAM-1, intracellular adhesion molecule 1
- IFN, interferon
- IFN-I, type 1 interferon
- IFNAR, interferon receptors
- IFNIC, interferon-inducible cells
- IKK, IκB kinase
- IL, interleukin
- IRF3, interferon regulatory factor 3
- ISGs, IRF-3-dependent interferon-stimulated genes
- Inflammation
- LBD, ligand-binding pocket
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MLKL, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein
- MST1, mammalian Ste20-like kinases 1
- Metabolic diseases
- Mitochondria
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B
- NLRP3, NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3
- NO2-FA, nitro-fatty acids
- NTase, nucleotidyltransferase
- PDE3B/4, phosphodiesterase-3B/4
- PKA, protein kinase A
- PPI, protein–protein interface
- Poly: I.C, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SAVI, STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy
- SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- STIM1, stromal interaction molecule 1
- STING
- STING, stimulator of interferon genes
- Ser, serine
- TAK1, transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1
- TBK1, TANK-binding kinase 1
- TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A
- TLR, Toll-like receptors
- TM, transmembrane
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6
- TREX1, three prime repair exonuclease 1
- YAP1, Yes-associated protein 1
- cGAMP, 2′,3′-cyclic GMP–AMP
- cGAS
- cGAS, cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- hSTING, human stimulator of interferon genes
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
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Emerging role of long non-coding RNAs in endothelial dysfunction and their molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112421. [PMID: 34798473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the novel class of transcripts involved in transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation of physiology and the pathology of diseases. Studies have evidenced that the impairment of endothelium is a critical event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by an imbalance in vasodilation and vasoconstriction, oxidative stress, proinflammatory factors, and nitric oxide bioavailability. Disruption of the endothelial barrier permeability, the first step in developing atherosclerotic lesions is a consequence of endothelial dysfunction. Though several factors interfere with the normal functioning of the endothelium, intrinsic epigenetic mechanisms governing endothelial function are regulated by lncRNAs and perturbations contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. This review comprehensively addresses the biogenesis of lncRNA and molecular mechanisms underlying and regulation in endothelial function. An insight correlating lncRNAs and endothelial dysfunction-associated diseases can positively impact the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in endothelial dysfunction-associated diseases and treatment strategies.
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Molinaro C, Martoriati A, Cailliau K. Proteins from the DNA Damage Response: Regulation, Dysfunction, and Anticancer Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3819. [PMID: 34359720 PMCID: PMC8345162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to genotoxic stress through a series of complex protein pathways called DNA damage response (DDR). These monitoring mechanisms ensure the maintenance and the transfer of a correct genome to daughter cells through a selection of DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and programmed cell death processes. Canonical or non-canonical DDRs are highly organized and controlled to play crucial roles in genome stability and diversity. When altered or mutated, the proteins in these complex networks lead to many diseases that share common features, and to tumor formation. In recent years, technological advances have made it possible to benefit from the principles and mechanisms of DDR to target and eliminate cancer cells. These new types of treatments are adapted to the different types of tumor sensitivity and could benefit from a combination of therapies to ensure maximal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.M.); (A.M.)
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Haemmig S, Yang D, Sun X, Das D, Ghaffari S, Molinaro R, Chen L, Deng Y, Freeman D, Moullan N, Tesmenitsky Y, Wara AKMK, Simion V, Shvartz E, Lee JF, Yang T, Sukova G, Marto JA, Stone PH, Lee WL, Auwerx J, Libby P, Feinberg MW. Long noncoding RNA SNHG12 integrates a DNA-PK-mediated DNA damage response and vascular senescence. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/531/eaaw1868. [PMID: 32075942 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of biological processes in the vessel wall; however, their role in atherosclerosis remains poorly defined. We used RNA sequencing to profile lncRNAs derived specifically from the aortic intima of Ldlr -/- mice on a high-cholesterol diet during lesion progression and regression phases. We found that the evolutionarily conserved lncRNA small nucleolar host gene-12 (SNHG12) is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium and decreases during lesion progression. SNHG12 knockdown accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation by 2.4-fold in Ldlr -/- mice by increased DNA damage and senescence in the vascular endothelium, independent of effects on lipid profile or vessel wall inflammation. Conversely, intravenous delivery of SNHG12 protected the tunica intima from DNA damage and atherosclerosis. LncRNA pulldown in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed that SNHG12 interacted with DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), an important regulator of the DNA damage response. The absence of SNHG12 reduced the DNA-PK interaction with its binding partners Ku70 and Ku80, abrogating DNA damage repair. Moreover, the anti-DNA damage agent nicotinamide riboside (NR), a clinical-grade small-molecule activator of NAD+, fully rescued the increases in lesional DNA damage, senescence, and atherosclerosis mediated by SNHG12 knockdown. SNHG12 expression was also reduced in pig and human atherosclerotic specimens and correlated inversely with DNA damage and senescent markers. These findings reveal a role for this lncRNA in regulating DNA damage repair in the vessel wall and may have implications for chronic vascular disease states and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Haemmig
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Debapria Das
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Roberto Molinaro
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihuan Deng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dan Freeman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yevgenia Tesmenitsky
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A K M Khyrul Wara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viorel Simion
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eugenia Shvartz
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James F Lee
- The Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tianlun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Galina Sukova
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- The Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Departments of Cancer Biology and Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter H Stone
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Warren L Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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30
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Sun X, Feinberg MW. Vascular Endothelial Senescence: Pathobiological Insights, Emerging Long Noncoding RNA Targets, Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Physiol 2021; 12:693067. [PMID: 34220553 PMCID: PMC8242592 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.693067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable form of cell cycle arrest in response to various stressors. While it serves as an endogenous pro-resolving mechanism, detrimental effects ensue when it is dysregulated. In this review, we introduce recent advances for cellular senescence and inflammaging, the underlying mechanisms for the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in tissues during aging, new knowledge learned from p16 reporter mice, and the development of machine learning algorithms in cellular senescence. We focus on pathobiological insights underlying cellular senescence of the vascular endothelium, a critical interface between blood and all tissues. Common causes and hallmarks of endothelial senescence are highlighted as well as recent advances in endothelial senescence. The regulation of cellular senescence involves multiple mechanistic layers involving chromatin, DNA, RNA, and protein levels. New targets are discussed including the roles of long noncoding RNAs in regulating endothelial cellular senescence. Emerging small molecules are highlighted that have anti-aging or anti-senescence effects in age-related diseases and impact homeostatic control of the vascular endothelium. Lastly, challenges and future directions are discussed including heterogeneity of endothelial cells and endothelial senescence, senescent markers and detection of senescent endothelial cells, evolutionary differences for immune surveillance in mice and humans, and long noncoding RNAs as therapeutic targets in attenuating cellular senescence. Accumulating studies indicate that cellular senescence is reversible. A better understanding of endothelial cellular senescence through lifestyle and pharmacological interventions holds promise to foster a new frontier in the management of cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Nebraska Center for the Prevention of Obesity Diseases Through Dietary Molecules, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Tashiro S. Lessons from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident -from a research perspective. Ann ICRP 2021; 50:138-146. [PMID: 34109803 DOI: 10.1177/01466453211015394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, there has been a focus on the impact of low-dose radiation exposure due to nuclear disasters and radiology on human bodies. In order to study very low levels of impact on the human body from low-dose radiation exposure, a system with high detection sensitivity is needed. Until now, the most well-established biological radiation effect detection system in the field of emergency radiation medicine has been chromosomal analysis. However, chromosomal analysis requires advanced skills, and it is necessary to perform chromosomal analysis of a large number of cells in order to detect slight effects on the human body due to low-dose radiation exposure. Therefore, in order to study the effects of low-dose radiation exposure on the human body, it is necessary to develop high-throughput chromosome analysis technology. We have established the PNA-FISH method, which is a fluorescence in-situ hybridisation method using a PNA probe, as a high-throughput chromosome analysis technique. Using this method, the detection of dicentrics and ring chromosomes has become very efficient. Using this technology, chromosomal analysis was performed on peripheral blood before and after computed tomography (CT) examination of patients at Hiroshima University Hospital, and it was possible to detect chromosomal abnormalities due to low-dose radiation exposure in the CT examination. Furthermore, it was shown that there may be individual differences in the increase in chromosomal abnormalities due to low-dose radiation exposure, suggesting the need to build a next-generation medical radiation exposure management system based on individual differences in radiation sensitivity. If techniques such as chromosomal analysis, which have been used for biological dose evaluation in emergency radiation medicine, can be used for general radiology, such as radiodiagnosis and treatment, that will be a contribution to radiology from an unprecedented angle. This article will discuss the clinical application of new biological dose evaluation methods that have been developed in the field of emergency radiation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tashiro
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City 734-8553, Japan; e-mail:
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Telomere damage promotes vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and immune cell recruitment after vessel injury. Commun Biol 2021; 4:611. [PMID: 34021256 PMCID: PMC8140103 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a hallmark of multiple vascular pathologies, including following neointimal formation after injury and atherosclerosis. However, human VSMCs in advanced atherosclerotic lesions show reduced cell proliferation, extensive and persistent DNA damage, and features of premature cell senescence. Here, we report that stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and stable expression of a telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 protein mutant (TRF2T188A) induce senescence of human VSMCs, associated with persistent telomeric DNA damage. VSMC senescence is associated with formation of micronuclei, activation of cGAS-STING cytoplasmic sensing, and induction of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. VSMC-specific TRF2T188A expression in a multicolor clonal VSMC-tracking mouse model shows no change in VSMC clonal patches after injury, but an increase in neointima formation, outward remodeling, senescence and immune/inflammatory cell infiltration or retention. We suggest that persistent telomere damage in VSMCs inducing cell senescence has a major role in driving persistent inflammation in vascular disease. Anna Uryga and Mandy Grootaert et al. combine cell culture and animal models to examine how senescence of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and persistent telomere damage drive inflammation. Their results suggest that telomere injury can be the primary cause of premature senescence in VSMCs, and that DNA damage can be a major cause of persistent inflammation in vascular disease.
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The Potential Role of Creatine in Vascular Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030857. [PMID: 33807747 PMCID: PMC7999364 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine is an organic compound, consumed exogenously in the diet and synthesized endogenously via an intricate inter-organ process. Functioning in conjunction with creatine kinase, creatine has long been known for its pivotal role in cellular energy provision and energy shuttling. In addition to the abundance of evidence supporting the ergogenic benefits of creatine supplementation, recent evidence suggests a far broader application for creatine within various myopathies, neurodegenerative diseases, and other pathologies. Furthermore, creatine has been found to exhibit non-energy related properties, contributing as a possible direct and in-direct antioxidant and eliciting anti-inflammatory effects. In spite of the new clinical success of supplemental creatine, there is little scientific insight into the potential effects of creatine on cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality. Taking into consideration the non-energy related actions of creatine, highlighted in this review, it can be speculated that creatine supplementation may serve as an adjuvant therapy for the management of vascular health in at-risk populations. This review, therefore, not only aims to summarize the current literature surrounding creatine and vascular health, but to also shed light onto the potential mechanisms in which creatine may be able to serve as a beneficial supplement capable of imparting vascular-protective properties and promoting vascular health.
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Hennigs JK, Cao A, Li CG, Shi M, Mienert J, Miyagawa K, Körbelin J, Marciano DP, Chen PI, Roughley M, Elliott MV, Harper RL, Bill M, Chappell J, Moonen JR, Diebold I, Wang L, Snyder MP, Rabinovitch M. PPARγ-p53-Mediated Vasculoregenerative Program to Reverse Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Res 2021; 128:401-418. [PMID: 33322916 PMCID: PMC7908816 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), endothelial dysfunction and obliterative vascular disease are associated with DNA damage and impaired signaling of BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor) via two downstream transcription factors, PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), and p53. OBJECTIVE We investigated the vasculoprotective and regenerative potential of a newly identified PPARγ-p53 transcription factor complex in the pulmonary endothelium. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we identified a pharmacologically inducible vasculoprotective mechanism in pulmonary arterial and lung MV (microvascular) endothelial cells in response to DNA damage and oxidant stress regulated in part by a BMPR2 dependent transcription factor complex between PPARγ and p53. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA-sequencing established an inducible PPARγ-p53 mediated regenerative program regulating 19 genes involved in lung endothelial cell survival, angiogenesis and DNA repair including, EPHA2 (ephrin type-A receptor 2), FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains protein 2), JAG1 (jagged 1), SULF2 (extracellular sulfatase Sulf-2), and TIGAR (TP53-inducible glycolysis and apoptosis regulator). Expression of these genes was partially impaired when the PPARγ-p53 complex was pharmacologically disrupted or when BMPR2 was reduced in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) subjected to oxidative stress. In endothelial cell-specific Bmpr2-knockout mice unable to stabilize p53 in endothelial cells under oxidative stress, Nutlin-3 rescued endothelial p53 and PPARγ-p53 complex formation and induced target genes, such as APLN (apelin) and JAG1, to regenerate pulmonary microvessels and reverse pulmonary hypertension. In PAECs from BMPR2 mutant PAH patients, pharmacological induction of p53 and PPARγ-p53 genes repaired damaged DNA utilizing genes from the nucleotide excision repair pathway without provoking PAEC apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel therapeutic strategy that activates a vasculoprotective gene regulation program in PAECs downstream of dysfunctional BMPR2 to rehabilitate PAH PAECs, regenerate pulmonary microvessels, and reverse disease. Our studies pave the way for p53-based vasculoregenerative therapies for PAH by extending the therapeutic focus to PAEC dysfunction and to DNA damage associated with PAH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan K. Hennigs
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aiqin Cao
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caiyun G. Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Minyi Shi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia Mienert
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- Department of Pneumology & Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Hamburg
- II. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David P. Marciano
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pin-I Chen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Roughley
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew V. Elliott
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Harper
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Bill
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - James Chappell
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jan-Renier Moonen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Isabel Diebold
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lingli Wang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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35
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Yue X, Bai C, Xie D, Ma T, Zhou PK. DNA-PKcs: A Multi-Faceted Player in DNA Damage Response. Front Genet 2020; 11:607428. [PMID: 33424929 PMCID: PMC7786053 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.607428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) is a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related kinase family, which can phosphorylate more than 700 substrates. As the core enzyme, DNA-PKcs forms the active DNA-PK holoenzyme with the Ku80/Ku70 heterodimer to play crucial roles in cellular DNA damage response (DDR). Once DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) occur in the cells, DNA-PKcs is promptly recruited into damage sites and activated. DNA-PKcs is auto-phosphorylated and phosphorylated by Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated at multiple sites, and phosphorylates other targets, participating in a series of DDR and repair processes, which determine the cells' fates: DSBs NHEJ repair and pathway choice, replication stress response, cell cycle checkpoints, telomeres length maintenance, senescence, autophagy, etc. Due to the special and multi-faceted roles of DNA-PKcs in the cellular responses to DNA damage, it is important to precisely regulate the formation and dynamic of its functional complex and activities for guarding genomic stability. On the other hand, targeting DNA-PKcs has been considered as a promising strategy of exploring novel radiosensitizers and killing agents of cancer cells. Combining DNA-PKcs inhibitors with radiotherapy can effectively enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy, offering more possibilities for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Yue
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenjun Bai
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dafei Xie
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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36
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Regnault V, Challande P, Pinet F, Li Z, Lacolley P. Cell senescence: basic mechanisms and the need for computational networks in vascular ageing. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:1841-1858. [PMID: 33206947 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review seeks to provide an update of the mechanisms of vascular cell senescence, from newly identified molecules to arterial ageing phenotypes, and finally to present a computational approach to connect these selected proteins in biological networks. We will discuss current key signalling and gene expression pathways by which these focus proteins and networks drive normal and accelerated vascular ageing. We also review the possibility that senolytic drugs, designed to restore normal cell differentiation and function, could effectively treat multiple age-related vascular diseases. Finally, we discuss how cell senescence is both a cause and a consequence of vascular ageing because of the possible feedback controls between identified networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Regnault
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, DCAC, 9 avenue de la forêt de Haye, CS 50184, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Pascal Challande
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, IBPS, Biological Adaptation and Aging, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, DCAC, 9 avenue de la forêt de Haye, CS 50184, 54000 Nancy, France
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37
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Chen X, Xun D, Zheng R, Zhao L, Lu Y, Huang J, Wang R, Wang Y. Deep-Learning-Assisted Assessment of DNA Damage Based on Foci Images and Its Application in High-Content Screening of Lead Compounds. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14267-14277. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Dejin Xun
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ruzhang Zheng
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuqing Lu
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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38
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Xin C, Chao Z, Xian W, Zhonggao W, Tao L. The phosphorylation of CHK1 at Ser345 regulates the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells both in vitro and in vivo. Atherosclerosis 2020; 313:50-59. [PMID: 33027721 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS DNA damage and repair have been shown to be associated with carotid artery restenosis and atherosclerosis. The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the main cause of artery stenosis. This study aims to define the relationship between DNA damage and VSMCs proliferation. METHODS A rat carotid artery injury model was established, and human and rat VSMCs cultured in vitro. H2O2 was used to induce DNA damage in vitro. The selected CHK1 inhibitor, LY2603618, was used to inhibit CHK1 phosphorylation both in vivo and in vitro. γH2AX, αSMA and phosphorylated CHK1 were detected both in rat carotid artery and cultured VSMCs from different groups. Hyperplasia ratio of rat carotid artery intimal was measured. RESULTS DNA double-strand breaks occur in the rat carotid artery after injury. DNA damage induces CHK1 phosphorylation and down-regulates αSMA expression in VSMCs both in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition of CHK1 phosphorylation rescues αSMA expression in VSMCs both in vitro and in vivo, and rat carotid intimal hyperplasia after injury was suppressed. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that phosphorylation of CHK1 under DNA damage stress modulates VSMCs phenotypic switching. CHK1 inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for intima hyperplasia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xin
- General Department of Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Vascular Surgery Department of Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Institute of Vascular Sutgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhang Chao
- Vascular Surgery Department of Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Institute of Vascular Sutgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wang Xian
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wang Zhonggao
- General Department of Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Luo Tao
- Vascular Surgery Department of Xuan Wu Hospital Capital Medical University, Institute of Vascular Sutgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Machado-Oliveira G, Ramos C, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cell Senescence, Multiple Organelle Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:E2146. [PMID: 32977446 PMCID: PMC7598292 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an age-related disorder associated with long-term exposure to cardiovascular risk factors. The asymptomatic progression of atherosclerotic plaques leads to major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including acute myocardial infarctions or cerebral ischemic strokes in some cases. Senescence, a biological process associated with progressive structural and functional deterioration of cells, tissues and organs, is intricately linked to age-related diseases. Cell senescence involves coordinated modifications in cellular compartments and has been demonstrated to contribute to different stages of atheroma development. Senescence-based therapeutic strategies are currently being pursued to treat and prevent CVD in humans in the near-future. In addition, distinct experimental settings allowed researchers to unravel potential approaches to regulate anti-apoptotic pathways, facilitate excessive senescent cell clearance and eventually reverse atherogenesis to improve cardiovascular function. However, a deeper knowledge is required to fully understand cellular senescence, to clarify senescence and atherogenesis intertwining, allowing researchers to establish more effective treatments and to reduce the cardiovascular disorders' burden. Here, we present an objective review of the key senescence-related alterations of the major intracellular organelles and analyze the role of relevant cell types for senescence and atherogenesis. In this context, we provide an updated analysis of therapeutic approaches, including clinically relevant experiments using senolytic drugs to counteract atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
| | | | | | - Otília V. Vieira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.R.); (A.R.A.M.)
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40
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Lam B, Roudier E. Considering the Role of Murine Double Minute 2 in the Cardiovascular System? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:320. [PMID: 31921839 PMCID: PMC6916148 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is the main negative regulator of the tumor protein p53 (TP53). Extensive studies over more than two decades have confirmed MDM2 oncogenic role through mechanisms both TP53-dependent and TP53-independent oncogenic function. These studies have contributed to designate MDM2 as a therapeutic target of choice for cancer treatment and the number of patents for MDM2 antagonists has increased immensely over the last years. However, the question of the physiological functions of MDM2 has not been fully resolved yet, particularly when expressed and regulated physiologically in healthy tissue. Cardiovascular complications are almost an inescapable side-effect of anti-cancer therapies. While several MDM2 antagonists are entering phase I, II and even III of clinical trials, this review proposes to bring awareness on the physiological role of MDM2 in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lam
- Angiogenesis Research Group, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Muscle Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emilie Roudier
- Angiogenesis Research Group, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Muscle Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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41
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A Brief History of Mitochondrial Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225643. [PMID: 31718067 PMCID: PMC6888695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The history of "mitochondrial pathologies", namely genetic pathologies affecting mitochondrial metabolism because of mutations in nuclear DNA-encoded genes for proteins active inside mitochondria or mutations in mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes, began in 1988. In that year, two different groups of researchers discovered, respectively, large-scale single deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in muscle biopsies from patients with "mitochondrial myopathies" and a point mutation in the mtDNA gene for subunit 4 of NADH dehydrogenase (MTND4), associated with maternally inherited Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Henceforth, a novel conceptual "mitochondrial genetics", separate from mendelian genetics, arose, based on three features of mtDNA: (1) polyplasmy; (2) maternal inheritance; and (3) mitotic segregation. Diagnosis of mtDNA-related diseases became possible through genetic analysis and experimental approaches involving histochemical staining of muscle or brain sections, single-fiber polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of mtDNA, and the creation of patient-derived "cybrid" (cytoplasmic hybrid) immortal fibroblast cell lines. The availability of the above-mentioned techniques along with the novel sensitivity of clinicians to such disorders led to the characterization of a constantly growing number of pathologies. Here is traced a brief historical perspective on the discovery of autonomous pathogenic mtDNA mutations and on the related mendelian pathology altering mtDNA integrity.
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42
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Shah A, Gray K, Figg N, Finigan A, Starks L, Bennett M. Defective Base Excision Repair of Oxidative DNA Damage in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Promotes Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2019; 138:1446-1462. [PMID: 29643057 PMCID: PMC6053042 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.033249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Atherosclerotic plaques demonstrate extensive accumulation of oxidative DNA damage, predominantly as 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) lesions. 8oxoG is repaired by base excision repair enzymes; however, the mechanisms regulating 8oxoG accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its effects on their function and in atherosclerosis are unknown. Methods: We studied levels of 8oxoG and its regulatory enzymes in human atherosclerosis, the mechanisms regulating 8oxoG repair and the base excision repair enzyme 8oxoG DNA glycosylase I (OGG1) in VSMCs in vitro, and the effects of reducing 8oxoG in VSMCs in atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Results: Human plaque VSMCs showed defective nuclear 8oxoG repair, associated with reduced acetylation of OGG1. OGG1 was a key regulatory enzyme of 8oxoG repair in VSMCs, and its acetylation was crucial to its repair function through regulation of protein stability and expression. p300 and sirtuin 1 were identified as the OGG1 acetyltransferase and deacetylase regulators, respectively, and both proteins interacted with OGG1 and regulated OGG1 acetylation at endogenous levels. However, p300 levels were decreased in human plaque VSMCs and in response to oxidative stress, suggesting that reactive oxygen species–induced regulation of OGG1 acetylation could be caused by reactive oxygen species–induced decrease in p300 expression. We generated mice that express VSMC-restricted OGG1 or an acetylation defective version (SM22α-OGG1 and SM22α-OGG1K-R mice) and crossed them with ApoE−/− mice. We also studied ApoE−/− mice deficient in OGG1 (OGG1−/−). OGG1−/− mice showed increased 8oxoG in vivo and increased atherosclerosis, whereas mice expressing VSMC-specific OGG1 but not the acetylation mutant OGG1K-R showed markedly reduced intracellular 8oxoG and reduced atherosclerosis. VSMC OGG1 reduced telomere 8oxoG accumulation, DNA strand breaks, cell death and senescence after oxidant stress, and activation of proinflammatory pathways. Conclusions: We identify defective 8oxoG base excision repair in human atherosclerotic plaque VSMCs, OGG1 as a major 8oxoG repair enzyme in VSMCs, and p300/sirtuin 1 as major regulators of OGG1 through acetylation/deacetylation. Reducing oxidative damage by rescuing OGG1 activity reduces plaque development, indicating the detrimental effects of 8oxoG on VSMC function.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Damage
- DNA Glycosylases/deficiency
- DNA Glycosylases/genetics
- DNA Glycosylases/metabolism
- DNA Repair
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Guanine/analogs & derivatives
- Guanine/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Oxidative Stress
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Rats
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
- p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Shah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Gray
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nichola Figg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Finigan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lakshi Starks
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Bennett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Dr Gray is currently at Cardiovascular Safety, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-a potent gaseous signaling molecule-has emerged as a critical regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis. H2S is produced enzymatically by 3 constitutively active endogenous enzymes in all mammalian species. Within the past 2 decades, studies administering H2S-donating agents and the genetic manipulation of H2S-producing enzymes have revealed multiple beneficial effects of H2S, including vasodilation, activation of antiapoptotic and antioxidant pathways, and anti-inflammatory effects. More recently, the heightened enthusiasm in this field has shifted to the development of novel H2S-donating agents that exert favorable pharmacological profiles. This has led to the discovery of novel H2S-mediated signaling pathways. This review will discuss recently developed H2S therapeutics, introduce signaling pathways that are influenced by H2S-dependent sulfhydration, and explore the dual-protective effect of H2S in cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Polhemus
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Lefer
- From the Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA
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44
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Witberg G, Lev E, Ber Y, Tabachnik T, Sela S, Belo I, Leshem-Lev D, Margel D. Vascular endothelium function among male carriers of BRCA 1&2 germline mutation. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5041-5051. [PMID: 31489114 PMCID: PMC6707947 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer susceptibility genes 1&2 (BRCA1&2) mutations hinder DNA-repair. Germline mutations in these genes are known to cause cancer; however, they may have other consequences. In this study we evaluated for the first time, the effect of the BRCA mutations on the vascular endothelium of young healthy males. Results: The study included 82 participants (53 BRCA mutation positive-carriers and 29 negative-carriers). Subjects mean age was 40. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of the two groups. BRCA-carriers had significantly higher levels of EPCs (fraction of CD34+/VEGF or CD133+/VEGF positive-cells) compared to non-carriers of the mutation (median 6.78[1.96,14.48]% vs. 1.46[0.65,6.18]%, p < 0.001, and median 7.17[1.70,16.69]% vs. 1.54[0.85,5.10]%, p < 0.001, respectively). This difference remained consistent after multivariate adjustment. We did not identify differences in endothelial function, endothelial damage markers and EPCs activity between the two groups. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study to test the association between BRCA status and possible endothelial alterations. The Study population included males, 18-50 years, with no cardiovascular morbidity, who were referred for BRCA screening. We tested the endothelial system by: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) production, endothelial function (EndoPAT2000), endothelial damage and related hormonal levels. We stratified the cohort by germline BRCA status and compared measurements between BRCA mutation positive- and negative-carriers. Conclusions: Male BRCA1&2 mutation positive-carriers had increased level of EPCs which may reflect a subclinical accumulative endothelial damage. These novel findings suggest that the effect of mutations in BRCA is not limited to increased cancer risk, but may affect the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Witberg
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Ben Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Yaara Ber
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tzlil Tabachnik
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Sivan Sela
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ira Belo
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Dorit Leshem-Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Margel
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
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45
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Grootaert MOJ, Moulis M, Roth L, Martinet W, Vindis C, Bennett MR, De Meyer GRY. Vascular smooth muscle cell death, autophagy and senescence in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:622-634. [PMID: 29360955 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present review, we describe the causes and consequences of loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) or their function in advanced atherosclerotic plaques and discuss possible mechanisms such as cell death or senescence, and induction of autophagy to promote cell survival. We also highlight the potential use of pharmacological modulators of these processes to limit plaque progression and/or improve plaque stability. VSMCs play a pivotal role in atherogenesis. Loss of VSMCs via initiation of cell death leads to fibrous cap thinning and promotes necrotic core formation and calcification. VSMC apoptosis is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidized low density lipoprotein, high levels of nitric oxide and mechanical injury. Apoptotic VSMCs are characterized by a thickened basal lamina surrounding the cytoplasmic remnants of the VSMC. Inefficient clearance of apoptotic VSMCs results in secondary necrosis and subsequent inflammation. A critical determinant in the VSMC stress response and phenotypic switching is autophagy, which is activated by various stimuli, including reactive oxygen and lipid species, cytokines, growth factors and metabolic stress. Successful autophagy stimulates VSMC survival, whereas reduced autophagy promotes age-related changes in the vasculature. Recently, an interesting link between autophagy and VSMC senescence has been uncovered. Defective VSMC autophagy accelerates not only the development of stress-induced premature senescence but also atherogenesis, albeit without worsening plaque stability. VSMC senescence in atherosclerosis is likely a result of replicative senescence and/or stress-induced premature senescence in response to DNA damaging and/or oxidative stress-inducing stimuli. The finding that VSMC senescence can promote atherosclerosis further illustrates that normal, adequate VSMC function is crucial in protecting the vessel wall against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy O J Grootaert
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Manon Moulis
- INSERM, UMR-1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University Paul Sabatier, F-31342 Toulouse, France
| | - Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Cécile Vindis
- INSERM, UMR-1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases and University Paul Sabatier, F-31342 Toulouse, France
| | - Martin R Bennett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 110, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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46
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Vargas-Alarcón G, Pérez-Hernández N, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Fragoso JM, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Vázquez-Vázquez C, Ramírez-Bello J, Posadas-Romero C, Posadas-Sánchez R. MRE11A Polymorphisms Are Associated With Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A Case-Control Study of the GEA Mexican Project. Front Genet 2019; 10:530. [PMID: 31214252 PMCID: PMC6555271 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage and subsequent repair pathways have been involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11A) gene polymorphisms have been associated with the presence of myocardial infarction. We analyzed five MRE11A gene polymorphisms in 386 individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis and 1093 healthy controls. Under different models, the rs13447720 (Odds ratio = 0.646, Padditive = 0.009; Odds ratio = 0.636, Pdominant = 0.012; Odds ratio = 0.664, Pover–dominant = 0.025; Odds ratio = 0.655, Pcodominant1 = 0.021) and rs499952 (Odds ratio = 0.807, Padditive = 0.032; Odds ratio = 0.643, Pcodominant2 = 0.034) polymorphisms were associated with a lower risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. On the other hand, the rs2155209 polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of having a coronary artery calcification score ≥ 100 Agatston units. The rs13447720, rs499952, and rs2155209 polymorphisms, as well as the haplotypes that included the five studied polymorphisms were associated with some clinical and metabolic parameters in both subclinical atherosclerosis and healthy individuals. Our results suggest that the rs13447720 and rs499952 polymorphisms are associated with a decreased risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis, whereas the rs2155209 is associated with a lower subclinical atherosclerosis severity (coronary artery calcification < 100 Agatston units). MRE11A polymorphisms and haplotypes were associated with clinical and metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José Manuel Fragoso
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Christian Vázquez-Vázquez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julian Ramírez-Bello
- Research Unit on Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Posadas-Romero
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
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47
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Yu Y, Chen F, Yang Y, Jin Y, Shi J, Han S, Chu P, Lu J, Tai J, Wang S, Yang W, Wang H, Guo Y, Ni X. lncRNA SNHG16 is associated with proliferation and poor prognosis of pediatric neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:93-102. [PMID: 31180520 PMCID: PMC6561620 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial solid tumors in children, which has complex molecular mechanisms. Increasing evidence has suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) account for NB pathogenesis. However, the function of small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) in NB is currently unclear. In the present study, publically available data and clinical specimens were employed to verify the expression of SNHG16 in NB. Colony formation, real‑time cell proliferation and migration assays were performed to demonstrate the status of cellular proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell cycle progression in SH‑SY5Y cells, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and caspase‑3/7 activity measurements were applied to study cell apoptosis. To explore the underlying mechanism of SNHG16 function, an online database was used to identify potential RNA‑binding proteins that bind SNHG16. The expression of SNHG16 was revealed to be in line with the clinical staging of NB, and high SNHG16 expression was positively associated with poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, SNHG16 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, repressed migration, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in SH‑SY5Y cells. Additionally, apoptosis was undetectable in SH‑SY5Y cells following SNHG16 silencing. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SNHG16 regulated cell proliferation in NB through transcriptional and translational pathways. These results suggested that SNHG16 may serve important roles in the development and progression of NB, and could represent a potential target for NB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yeran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiong Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jin Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Shujing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Huanmin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing 100045, P.R. China
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48
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Shihabudeen Haider Ali MS, Cheng X, Moran M, Haemmig S, Naldrett MJ, Alvarez S, Feinberg MW, Sun X. LncRNA Meg3 protects endothelial function by regulating the DNA damage response. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:1505-1522. [PMID: 30476192 PMCID: PMC6379667 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating endothelial function through the DNA damage response (DDR) remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3) interacts with the RNA binding protein polypyrimidine tract binding protein 3 (PTBP3) to regulate gene expression and endothelial function through p53 signaling ─ a major coordinator of apoptosis and cell proliferation triggered by the DDR. Meg3 expression is induced in endothelial cells (ECs) upon p53 activation. Meg3 silencing induces DNA damage, activates p53 signaling, increases the expression of p53 target genes, promotes EC apoptosis, and inhibits EC proliferation. Mechanistically, Meg3 silencing reduces the interaction of p53 with Mdm2, induces p53 expression, and promotes the association of p53 with the promoters of a subset of p53 target genes. PTBP3 silencing recapitulates the effects of Meg3 deficiency on the expression of p53 target genes, EC apoptosis and proliferation. The Meg3-dependent association of PTBP3 with the promoters of p53 target genes suggests that Meg3 and PTBP3 restrain p53 activation. Our studies reveal a novel role of Meg3 and PTBP3 in regulating p53 signaling and endothelial function, which may serve as novel targets for therapies to restore endothelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Matthew Moran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Stefan Haemmig
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Naldrett
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Sophie Alvarez
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Beadle Center, 1901 Vine St, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for the Prevention of Obesity Diseases through Dietary Molecules, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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49
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Werner syndrome (WRN) DNA helicase and base excision repair (BER) factors maintain endothelial homeostasis. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 73:17-27. [PMID: 30413344 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The accelerated ageing disease Werner Syndrome (WRN) is characterized by pronounced atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the influence of WRN downregulation on the functionality of non-replicating human endothelial cells. RNAi-mediated downregulation of WRN reduces cell motility and enhances the expression of factors regulating adhesion, inflammation, hemostasis and vasomotor tone. Moreover, WRN influences endothelial barrier function and Ca2+-release, while cell adhesion, Dil-acLDL-uptake and the mRNA expression of NO-synthases (eNOS, iNOS) remained unaffected. Regarding motility, we propose that WRN affects Rac1/FAK/ß1-integrin-related mechanisms regulating cell polarity and directed motility. Since oxidative DNA base damage contributes to aging and atherosclerosis and WRN affects DNA repair, we investigated whether downregulation of base excision repair (BER) factors mimics the effects of WRN knock-down. Indeed, downregulation of particular WRN-interacting base excision repair (BER) proteins (APE1, NEIL1, PARP1) imitates the inhibitory effect of WRN on motility. Knock-down of OGG1, which does not interact with WRN, does not influence motility but increases the mRNA expression of E-selectin, ICAM, VCAM, CCL2 and VEGFR and stimulates adhesion. Thus, individual BER factors themselves differently impact endothelial cell functionality and homeostasis. Impairment of endothelial activities caused by genotoxic stressor (tBHQ) remained largely unaffected by WRN. Summarizing, both WRN, WRN-associated BER proteins and OGG1 promote the maintenance of endothelial cell homeostasis, thereby counteracting the development of ageing-related endothelial malfunction in non-proliferating endothelial cells.
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50
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Khan MM, Xiao J, Patel D, LeDoux MS. DNA damage and neurodegenerative phenotypes in aged Ciz1 null mice. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 62:180-190. [PMID: 29154038 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cycle dysfunction and faulty DNA repair are closely intertwined pathobiological processes that may contribute to several neurodegenerative disorders. CDKN1A interacting zinc finger protein 1 (CIZ1) plays a critical role in DNA replication and cell-cycle progression at the G1/S checkpoint. Germline or somatic variants in CIZ1 have been linked to several neural and extra-neural diseases. Recently, we showed that germline knockout of Ciz1 is associated with motor and hematological abnormalities in young adult mice. However, the effects of CIZ1 deficiency in much older mice may be more relevant to understanding age-related declines in cognitive and motor functioning and age-related neurologic disorders such as isolated dystonia and Alzheimer disease. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts from Ciz1-/- mice showed abnormal sensitivity to the effects of γ-irradiation with persistent DNA breaks, aberrant cell-cycle progression, and apoptosis. Aged (18-month-old) Ciz1-/- mice exhibited marked deficits in motor and cognitive functioning, and, in brain tissues, overt DNA damage, NF-κB upregulation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and cell death. These findings indicate that the deleterious effects of CIZ1 deficiency become more pronounced with aging and suggest that defects of cell-cycle control and associated DNA repair pathways in postmitotic neurons could contribute to global neurologic decline in elderly human populations. Accordingly, the G1/S cell-cycle checkpoint and associated DNA repair pathways may be targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Damini Patel
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mark S LeDoux
- Departments of Neurology, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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