1
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Moullan N, Asiago J, Stecco K, Hadi S, Albizem M, Tieu H, Hock B, Fenwick C, Lin K, Lengsfeld T, Poffenbarger L, Liu D, Trono D, Pantaleo G, Venkayya R, Bhuyan P. A First-in-Human Randomized Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralization Profile of Two Investigational Long-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:173-187. [PMID: 38221576 PMCID: PMC10828317 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 remains a significant risk for the immunocompromised given their lower responsiveness to vaccination or infection. Therefore, passive immunity through long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offers a needed approach for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our study evaluated safety, anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity, nasal penetration, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of two half-life-extended investigational mAbs, AER001 and AER002, providing the first demonstration of upper airway penetration of mAbs with the LS-modification. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I study enrolled healthy adults (n = 80) who received two long-acting COVID mAbs (AER001 and AER002), AER002 alone, or placebo. The dose ranged from 100 mg (mg) to 1200 mg per mAb component. The primary objective was to describe the safety and tolerability following intravenous (IV) administration. Secondary objectives were to describe PK, anti-drug antibodies (ADA), neutralization activity levels, and safety evaluation through 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS The majority (97.6%) of the reported adverse events (AE) post administration were of grade 1 severity. There were no serious adverse events (SAE) or ADAs. AER001 and AER002 successfully achieved an extended half-life of 105 days and 97.5 days, respectively. Participants receiving AER001 and AER002 (300 mg each) or AER002 (300 mg) alone showed 15- and 26-fold higher neutralization levels against D614G and omicron BA.1 than the placebo group 24 h post-administration. Single 300 or 1200 mg IV dose of AER001 and AER002 resulted in nasal mucosa transudation of approximately 2.5% and 2.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION AER001 and AER002 showed an acceptable safety profile and extended half-life. High serum neutralization activity was observed against D614G and Omicron BA.1 compared to the placebo group. These data support that LS-modified mAbs can achieve durability, safety, potency, and upper airway tissue penetration and will guide the development of the next generation of mAbs for COVID-19 prevention and treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT Number 2022-001709-35 (COV-2022-001).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Björn Hock
- Lavaux Biotech Consulting, Yens, Switzerland
| | | | - Kai Lin
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - David Liu
- Aerium Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Haemmig S, Yang D, Sun X, Das D, Ghaffari S, Molinaro R, Chen L, Deng Y, Freeman D, Moullan N, Tesmenitsky Y, Wara AKMK, Simion V, Shvartz E, Lee JF, Yang T, Sukova G, Marto JA, Stone PH, Lee WL, Auwerx J, Libby P, Feinberg MW. Long noncoding RNA SNHG12 integrates a DNA-PK-mediated DNA damage response and vascular senescence. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/531/eaaw1868. [PMID: 32075942 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of biological processes in the vessel wall; however, their role in atherosclerosis remains poorly defined. We used RNA sequencing to profile lncRNAs derived specifically from the aortic intima of Ldlr -/- mice on a high-cholesterol diet during lesion progression and regression phases. We found that the evolutionarily conserved lncRNA small nucleolar host gene-12 (SNHG12) is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium and decreases during lesion progression. SNHG12 knockdown accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation by 2.4-fold in Ldlr -/- mice by increased DNA damage and senescence in the vascular endothelium, independent of effects on lipid profile or vessel wall inflammation. Conversely, intravenous delivery of SNHG12 protected the tunica intima from DNA damage and atherosclerosis. LncRNA pulldown in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed that SNHG12 interacted with DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), an important regulator of the DNA damage response. The absence of SNHG12 reduced the DNA-PK interaction with its binding partners Ku70 and Ku80, abrogating DNA damage repair. Moreover, the anti-DNA damage agent nicotinamide riboside (NR), a clinical-grade small-molecule activator of NAD+, fully rescued the increases in lesional DNA damage, senescence, and atherosclerosis mediated by SNHG12 knockdown. SNHG12 expression was also reduced in pig and human atherosclerotic specimens and correlated inversely with DNA damage and senescent markers. These findings reveal a role for this lncRNA in regulating DNA damage repair in the vessel wall and may have implications for chronic vascular disease states and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Haemmig
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinghui Sun
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Debapria Das
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Siavash Ghaffari
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Roberto Molinaro
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihuan Deng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dan Freeman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yevgenia Tesmenitsky
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A K M Khyrul Wara
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Viorel Simion
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eugenia Shvartz
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James F Lee
- The Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tianlun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 0731 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Galina Sukova
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- The Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Departments of Cancer Biology and Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter H Stone
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Warren L Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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3
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Brigger D, Riether C, van Brummelen R, Mosher KI, Shiu A, Ding Z, Zbären N, Gasser P, Guntern P, Yousef H, Castellano JM, Storni F, Graff-Radford N, Britschgi M, Grandgirard D, Hinterbrandner M, Siegrist M, Moullan N, Hofstetter W, Leib SL, Villiger PM, Auwerx J, Villeda SA, Wyss-Coray T, Noti M, Eggel A. Eosinophils regulate adipose tissue inflammation and sustain physical and immunological fitness in old age. Nat Metab 2020; 2:688-702. [PMID: 32694825 PMCID: PMC7438316 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue eosinophils (ATEs) are important in the control of obesity-associated inflammation and metabolic disease. However, the way in which ageing impacts the regulatory role of ATEs remains unknown. Here, we show that ATEs undergo major age-related changes in distribution and function associated with impaired adipose tissue homeostasis and systemic low-grade inflammation in both humans and mice. We find that exposure to a young systemic environment partially restores ATE distribution in aged parabionts and reduces adipose tissue inflammation. Approaches to restore ATE distribution using adoptive transfer of eosinophils from young mice into aged recipients proved sufficient to dampen age-related local and systemic low-grade inflammation. Importantly, restoration of a youthful systemic milieu by means of eosinophil transfers resulted in systemic rejuvenation of the aged host, manifesting in improved physical and immune fitness that was partially mediated by eosinophil-derived IL-4. Together, these findings support a critical function of adipose tissue as a source of pro-ageing factors and uncover a new role of eosinophils in promoting healthy ageing by sustaining adipose tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brigger
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Reserach, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robin van Brummelen
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kira I Mosher
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Alicia Shiu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Amplitude Analytics Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoqing Ding
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Noemi Zbären
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Gasser
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Guntern
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hanadie Yousef
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph M Castellano
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Friedman Brain Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federico Storni
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Britschgi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Grandgirard
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Hinterbrandner
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Reserach, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark Siegrist
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Willy Hofstetter
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter M Villiger
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mario Noti
- Institute of Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Health, Immunology, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Eggel
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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4
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Dahlmans D, Houzelle A, Andreux P, Wang X, Jörgensen JA, Moullan N, Daemen S, Kersten S, Auwerx J, Hoeks J. MicroRNA-382 silencing induces a mitonuclear protein imbalance and activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response in muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6601-6610. [PMID: 30417335 PMCID: PMC6344277 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proper mitochondrial function plays a central role in cellular metabolism. Various diseases as well as aging are associated with diminished mitochondrial function. Previously, we identified 19 miRNAs putatively involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in skeletal muscle, a highly metabolically active tissue. In the current study, these 19 miRNAs were individually silenced in C2C12 myotubes using antisense oligonucleotides, followed by measurement of the expression of 27 genes known to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial metabolism. Based on the outcomes, we then focused on miR‐382‐5p and identified pathways affected by its silencing using microarrays, investigated protein expression, and studied cellular respiration. Silencing of miRNA‐382‐5p significantly increased the expression of several genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis. Conventional microarray analysis in C2C12 myotubes silenced for miRNA‐382‐5p revealed a collective downregulation of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins and respiratory chain proteins. This effect was accompanied by an imbalance between mitochondrial proteins encoded by the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (1.35‐fold, p < 0.01) and an induction of HSP60 protein (1.31‐fold,
p < 0.05), indicating activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR). Furthermore, silencing of miR‐382‐5p reduced basal oxygen consumption rate by 14% (
p < 0.05) without affecting mitochondrial content, pointing towards a more efficient mitochondrial function as a result of improved mitochondrial quality control. Taken together, silencing of miR‐382‐5p induces a mitonuclear protein imbalance and activates the mtUPR in skeletal muscle, a phenomenon that was previously associated with improved longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Dahlmans
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Houzelle
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Pénélope Andreux
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xu Wang
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kersten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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5
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Sorrentino V, Romani M, Mouchiroud L, Beck JS, Zhang H, D'Amico D, Moullan N, Potenza F, Schmid AW, Rietsch S, Counts SE, Auwerx J. Enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis reduces amyloid-β proteotoxicity. Nature 2017; 552:187-193. [PMID: 29211722 PMCID: PMC5730497 DOI: 10.1038/nature25143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common and devastating disease characterized by aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide. However, we know relatively little about the underlying molecular mechanisms or how to treat patients with Alzheimer's disease. Here we provide bioinformatic and experimental evidence of a conserved mitochondrial stress response signature present in diseases involving amyloid-β proteotoxicity in human, mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans that involves the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy pathways. Using a worm model of amyloid-β proteotoxicity, GMC101, we recapitulated mitochondrial features and confirmed that the induction of this mitochondrial stress response was essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial proteostasis and health. Notably, increasing mitochondrial proteostasis by pharmacologically and genetically targeting mitochondrial translation and mitophagy increases the fitness and lifespan of GMC101 worms and reduces amyloid aggregation in cells, worms and in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Our data support the relevance of enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis to delay amyloid-β proteotoxic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mario Romani
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Mouchiroud
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John S Beck
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Potenza
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrien W Schmid
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solène Rietsch
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Zheng L, Bernard-Marissal N, Moullan N, D'Amico D, Auwerx J, Moore DJ, Knott G, Aebischer P, Schneider BL. Parkin functionally interacts with PGC-1α to preserve mitochondria and protect dopaminergic neurons. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:582-598. [PMID: 28053050 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), it is important to determine the functional interactions between factors linked to the disease. Parkin is associated with autosomal recessive early-onset PD, and controls the transcription of PGC-1α, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. These two factors functionally interact to regulate the turnover and quality of mitochondria, by increasing both mitophagic activity and mitochondria biogenesis. In cortical neurons, co-expressing PGC-1α and Parkin increases the number of mitochondria, enhances maximal respiration, and accelerates the recovery of the mitochondrial membrane potential following mitochondrial uncoupling. PGC-1α enhances Mfn2 transcription, but also leads to increased degradation of the Mfn2 protein, a key ubiquitylation target of Parkin on mitochondria. In vivo, Parkin has significant protective effects on the survival and function of nigral dopaminergic neurons in which the chronic expression of PGC-1α is induced. Ultrastructural analysis shows that these two factors together control the density of mitochondria and their interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum. These results highlight the combined effects of Parkin and PGC-1α in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis in dopaminergic neurons. These two factors synergistically control the quality and function of mitochondria, which is important for the survival of neurons in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zheng
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide D'Amico
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Darren J Moore
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Graham Knott
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Electron Microscopy, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Aebischer
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard L Schneider
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Xu P, Oosterveer MH, Stein S, Demagny H, Ryu D, Moullan N, Wang X, Can E, Zamboni N, Comment A, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K. LRH-1-dependent programming of mitochondrial glutamine processing drives liver cancer. Genes Dev 2017; 30:1255-60. [PMID: 27298334 PMCID: PMC4911925 DOI: 10.1101/gad.277483.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Xu et al. identify the nuclear receptor liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) as a key regulator in the process of hepatic tumorigenesis through the coordination of a noncanonical glutamine pathway that is reliant on the mitochondrial and cytosolic transaminases glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1), which fuel anabolic metabolism. Various tumors develop addiction to glutamine to support uncontrolled cell proliferation. Here we identify the nuclear receptor liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) as a key regulator in the process of hepatic tumorigenesis through the coordination of a noncanonical glutamine pathway that is reliant on the mitochondrial and cytosolic transaminases glutamate pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1), which fuel anabolic metabolism. In particular, we show that gain and loss of function of hepatic LRH-1 modulate the expression and activity of mitochondrial glutaminase 2 (GLS2), the first and rate-limiting step of this pathway. Acute and chronic deletion of hepatic LRH-1 blunts the deamination of glutamine and reduces glutamine-dependent anaplerosis. The robust reduction in glutaminolysis and the limiting availability of α-ketoglutarate in turn inhibit mTORC1 signaling to eventually block cell growth and proliferation. Collectively, these studies highlight the importance of LRH-1 in coordinating glutamine-induced metabolism and signaling to promote hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xu
- Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maaike H Oosterveer
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, NL-9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sokrates Stein
- Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hadrien Demagny
- Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norman Moullan
- Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xu Wang
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emine Can
- Institute of the Physics of Biological Systems, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Systems Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Comment
- Institute of the Physics of Biological Systems, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Metabolic Signaling, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Gariani K, Menzies KJ, Ryu D, Wegner CJ, Wang X, Ropelle ER, Moullan N, Zhang H, Perino A, Lemos V, Kim B, Park Y, Piersigilli A, Pham TX, Yang Y, Ku CS, Koo SI, Fomitchova A, Cantó C, Schoonjans K, Sauve AA, Lee J, Auwerx J. Eliciting the mitochondrial unfolded protein response by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide repletion reverses fatty liver disease in mice. Hepatology 2016; 63:1190-204. [PMID: 26404765 PMCID: PMC4805450 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED With no approved pharmacological treatment, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Western countries and its worldwide prevalence continues to increase along with the growing obesity epidemic. Here, we show that a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet, eliciting chronic hepatosteatosis resembling human fatty liver, lowers hepatic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+) ) levels driving reductions in hepatic mitochondrial content, function, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, in conjunction with robust increases in hepatic weight, lipid content, and peroxidation in C57BL/6J mice. To assess the effect of NAD(+) repletion on the development of steatosis in mice, nicotinamide riboside, a precursor of NAD(+) biosynthesis, was added to the HFHS diet, either as a preventive strategy or as a therapeutic intervention. We demonstrate that NR prevents and reverts NAFLD by inducing a sirtuin (SIRT)1- and SIRT3-dependent mitochondrial unfolded protein response, triggering an adaptive mitohormetic pathway to increase hepatic β-oxidation and mitochondrial complex content and activity. The cell-autonomous beneficial component of NR treatment was revealed in liver-specific Sirt1 knockout mice (Sirt1(hep-/-) ), whereas apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (Apoe(-/-) ) challenged with a high-fat high-cholesterol diet affirmed the use of NR in other independent models of NAFLD. CONCLUSION Our data warrant the future evaluation of NAD(+) boosting strategies to manage the development or progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Gariani
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Keir J. Menzies
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland,Interdisciplinary School of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Casey J. Wegner
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Xu Wang
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Eduardo R. Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied ScienceUniversity of CampinasLimeiraSão PauloBrazil
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alessia Perino
- Metabolic SignalingÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Vera Lemos
- School of Life SciencesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Bohkyung Kim
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Young‐Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- School of Life SciencesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland,Institute of Animal PathologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Tho X. Pham
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Chai Siah Ku
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Sung I. Koo
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Anna Fomitchova
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Carlos Cantó
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- School of Life SciencesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Ji‐Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems PhysiologyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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9
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Bonhoure N, Byrnes A, Moir RD, Hodroj W, Preitner F, Praz V, Marcelin G, Chua SC, Martinez-Lopez N, Singh R, Moullan N, Auwerx J, Willemin G, Shah H, Hartil K, Vaitheesvaran B, Kurland I, Hernandez N, Willis IM. Loss of the RNA polymerase III repressor MAF1 confers obesity resistance. Genes Dev 2015; 29:934-47. [PMID: 25934505 PMCID: PMC4421982 DOI: 10.1101/gad.258350.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
MAF1 is a global repressor of RNA polymerase III transcription that regulates the expression of highly abundant noncoding RNAs in response to nutrient availability and cellular stress. Thus, MAF1 function is thought to be important for metabolic economy. Here we show that a whole-body knockout of Maf1 in mice confers resistance to diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by reducing food intake and increasing metabolic inefficiency. Energy expenditure in Maf1(-/-) mice is increased by several mechanisms. Precursor tRNA synthesis was increased in multiple tissues without significant effects on mature tRNA levels, implying increased turnover in a futile tRNA cycle. Elevated futile cycling of hepatic lipids was also observed. Metabolite profiling of the liver and skeletal muscle revealed elevated levels of many amino acids and spermidine, which links the induction of autophagy in Maf1(-/-) mice with their extended life span. The increase in spermidine was accompanied by reduced levels of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase, which promotes polyamine synthesis, enables nicotinamide salvage to regenerate NAD(+), and is associated with obesity resistance. Consistent with this, NAD(+) levels were increased in muscle. The importance of MAF1 for metabolic economy reveals the potential for MAF1 modulators to protect against obesity and its harmful consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bonhoure
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ashlee Byrnes
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Robyn D Moir
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Wassim Hodroj
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Preitner
- Mouse Metabolic Evaluation Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Viviane Praz
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Genevieve Marcelin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Streamson C Chua
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Nuria Martinez-Lopez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilles Willemin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Mouse Metabolic Evaluation Facility, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hardik Shah
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Kirsten Hartil
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Bhavapriya Vaitheesvaran
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Irwin Kurland
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Nouria Hernandez
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Ian M Willis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA;
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10
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van de Weijer T, Phielix E, Bilet L, Williams EG, Ropelle ER, Bierwagen A, Livingstone R, Nowotny P, Sparks LM, Paglialunga S, Szendroedi J, Havekes B, Moullan N, Pirinen E, Hwang JH, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Hesselink MKC, Auwerx J, Roden M, Schrauwen P. Evidence for a direct effect of the NAD+ precursor acipimox on muscle mitochondrial function in humans. Diabetes 2015; 64:1193-201. [PMID: 25352640 PMCID: PMC4375076 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent preclinical studies showed the potential of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) precursors to increase oxidative phosphorylation and improve metabolic health, but human data are lacking. We hypothesize that the nicotinic acid derivative acipimox, an NAD(+) precursor, would directly affect mitochondrial function independent of reductions in nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. In a multicenter randomized crossover trial, 21 patients with type 2 diabetes (age 57.7 ± 1.1 years, BMI 33.4 ± 0.8 kg/m(2)) received either placebo or acipimox 250 mg three times daily dosage for 2 weeks. Acipimox treatment increased plasma NEFA levels (759 ± 44 vs. 1,135 ± 97 μmol/L for placebo vs. acipimox, P < 0.01) owing to a previously described rebound effect. As a result, skeletal muscle lipid content increased and insulin sensitivity decreased. Despite the elevated plasma NEFA levels, ex vivo mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle increased. Subsequently, we showed that acipimox treatment resulted in a robust elevation in expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene sets and a mitonuclear protein imbalance, which may indicate activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. Further studies in C2C12 myotubes confirmed a direct effect of acipimox on NAD(+) levels, mitonuclear protein imbalance, and mitochondrial oxidative capacity. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that NAD(+) boosters can also directly affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke van de Weijer
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Phielix
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena Bilet
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Evan G Williams
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Roshan Livingstone
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Nowotny
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lauren M Sparks
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabina Paglialunga
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bas Havekes
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eija Pirinen
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jong-Hee Hwang
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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11
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Pirinen E, Cantó C, Jo YS, Morato L, Zhang H, Menzies KJ, Williams EG, Mouchiroud L, Moullan N, Hagberg C, Li W, Timmers S, Imhof R, Verbeek J, Pujol A, van Loon B, Viscomi C, Zeviani M, Schrauwen P, Sauve AA, Schoonjans K, Auwerx J. Pharmacological Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases improves fitness and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. Cell Metab 2014; 19:1034-41. [PMID: 24814482 PMCID: PMC4047186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the deletion of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (Parp)-1 gene in mice enhances oxidative metabolism, thereby protecting against diet-induced obesity. However, the therapeutic use of PARP inhibitors to enhance mitochondrial function remains to be explored. Here, we show tight negative correlation between Parp-1 expression and energy expenditure in heterogeneous mouse populations, indicating that variations in PARP-1 activity have an impact on metabolic homeostasis. Notably, these genetic correlations can be translated into pharmacological applications. Long-term treatment with PARP inhibitors enhances fitness in mice by increasing the abundance of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and boosting mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Furthermore, PARP inhibitors reverse mitochondrial defects in primary myotubes of obese humans and attenuate genetic defects of mitochondrial metabolism in human fibroblasts and C. elegans. Overall, our work validates in worm, mouse, and human models that PARP inhibition may be used to treat both genetic and acquired muscle dysfunction linked to defective mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eija Pirinen
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmanninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carles Cantó
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment G, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laia Morato
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08908 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Keir J Menzies
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evan G Williams
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Mouchiroud
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norman Moullan
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Hagberg
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Silvie Timmers
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Human Biology, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Imhof
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jef Verbeek
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Hepatology, University Hospital Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08908 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Barbara van Loon
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, The Foundation "Carlo Besta" Institute of Neurology IRCCS, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK; Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, The Foundation "Carlo Besta" Institute of Neurology IRCCS, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony A Sauve
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Metabolic Signaling, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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12
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Yang H, Moullan N, Auwerx J, Gijs MAM. Super-resolution biological microscopy using virtual imaging by a microsphere nanoscope. Small 2014; 10:1712-8. [PMID: 24914446 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201302942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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13
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Mouchiroud L, Houtkooper RH, Moullan N, Katsyuba E, Ryu D, Cantó C, Mottis A, Jo YS, Viswanathan M, Schoonjans K, Guarente L, Auwerx J. The NAD(+)/Sirtuin Pathway Modulates Longevity through Activation of Mitochondrial UPR and FOXO Signaling. Cell 2013; 154:430-41. [PMID: 23870130 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 833] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
NAD(+) is an important cofactor regulating metabolic homeostasis and a rate-limiting substrate for sirtuin deacylases. We show that NAD(+) levels are reduced in aged mice and Caenorhabditis elegans and that decreasing NAD(+) levels results in a further reduction in worm lifespan. Conversely, genetic or pharmacological restoration of NAD(+) prevents age-associated metabolic decline and promotes longevity in worms. These effects are dependent upon the protein deacetylase sir-2.1 and involve the induction of mitonuclear protein imbalance as well as activation of stress signaling via the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR(mt)) and the nuclear translocation and activation of FOXO transcription factor DAF-16. Our data suggest that augmenting mitochondrial stress signaling through the modulation of NAD(+) levels may be a target to improve mitochondrial function and prevent or treat age-associated decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Mouchiroud
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Houtkooper RH, Mouchiroud L, Ryu D, Moullan N, Katsyuba E, Knott G, Williams RW, Auwerx J. Mitonuclear protein imbalance as a conserved longevity mechanism. Nature 2013; 497:451-7. [PMID: 23698443 PMCID: PMC3663447 DOI: 10.1038/nature12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 739] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Longevity is regulated by a network of intimately linked metabolic systems. We used a combination of mouse population genetics and RNAi in C. elegans to identify mitochondrial ribosomal protein S5 (Mrps5) and other mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) as metabolic and longevity regulators. MRP knockdown triggers mitonuclear protein imbalance, reducing mitochondrial respiration and activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Specific antibiotics targeting mitochondrial translation and ethidium bromide, which impairs mitochondrial DNA transcription, pharmacologically mimic mrp knockdown and extend lifespan by inducing mitonuclear protein imbalance, also in mammalian cells. In addition, resveratrol and rapamycin, longevity compounds acting on different molecular targets, similarly induced mitonuclear protein imbalance, UPRmt and lifespan extention in C. elegans. Collectively these data demonstrate that MRPs represent an evolutionary conserved protein family that ties the mitochondrial ribosome and mitonuclear protein imbalance to UPRmt, an overarching longevity pathway across multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Oosterveer MH, Mataki C, Yamamoto H, Harach T, Moullan N, van Dijk TH, Ayuso E, Bosch F, Postic C, Groen AK, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K. LRH-1-dependent glucose sensing determines intermediary metabolism in liver. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2817-26. [PMID: 22772466 DOI: 10.1172/jci62368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1), an established regulator of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis, has recently emerged as a potential drug target for liver disease. Although LRH-1 activation may protect the liver against diet-induced steatosis and insulin resistance, little is known about how LRH-1 controls hepatic glucose and fatty acid metabolism under physiological conditions. We therefore assessed the role of LRH-1 in hepatic intermediary metabolism. In mice with conditional deletion of Lrh1 in liver, analysis of hepatic glucose fluxes revealed reduced glucokinase (GCK) and glycogen synthase fluxes as compared with those of wild-type littermates. These changes were attributed to direct transcriptional regulation of Gck by LRH-1. Impaired glucokinase-mediated glucose phosphorylation in LRH-1-deficient livers was also associated with reduced glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, and de novo lipogenesis in response to acute and prolonged glucose exposure. Accordingly, hepatic carbohydrate response element-binding protein activity was reduced in these animals. Cumulatively, these data identify LRH-1 as a key regulatory component of the hepatic glucose-sensing system required for proper integration of postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike H Oosterveer
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Rodríguez-Calvo R, Serrano L, Coll T, Moullan N, Sánchez RM, Merlos M, Palomer X, Laguna JC, Michalik L, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in adipocytes by lowering nuclear factor-kappaB activity via extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2. Diabetes 2008; 57:2149-57. [PMID: 18443198 PMCID: PMC2494695 DOI: 10.2337/db08-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in white adipose tissue leads to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are involved in the development of insulin resistance. It is presently unknown whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) beta/delta activation prevents inflammation in adipocytes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND RESULTS First, we examined whether the PPARbeta/delta agonist GW501516 prevents lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment with GW501516 blocked LPS-induced IL-6 expression and secretion by adipocytes and the subsequent activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) pathway. This effect was associated with the capacity of GW501516 to impede LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation. Second, in in vivo studies, white adipose tissue from Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, compared with that of lean rats, showed reduced PPARbeta/delta expression and PPAR DNA-binding activity, which was accompanied by enhanced IL-6 expression and NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity. Furthermore, IL-6 expression and NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was higher in white adipose tissue from PPARbeta/delta-null mice than in wild-type mice. Because mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2 (MEK1/2) is involved in LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation in adipocytes, we explored whether PPARbeta/delta prevented NF-kappaB activation by inhibiting this pathway. Interestingly, GW501516 prevented ERK1/2 phosphorylation by LPS. Furthermore, white adipose tissue from animal showing constitutively increased NF-kappaB activity, such as ZDF rats and PPARbeta/delta-null mice, also showed enhanced phospho-ERK1/2 levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that activation of PPARbeta/delta inhibits enhanced cytokine production in adipocytes by preventing NF-kappaB activation via ERK1/2, an effect that may help prevent insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rodríguez-Calvo
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la UB (IBUB) and CIBERDEM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Hung RJ, Baragatti M, Thomas D, McKay J, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Zaridze D, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Mates D, Foretova L, Janout V, Bencko V, Chabrier A, Moullan N, Canzian F, Hall J, Boffetta P, Brennan P. Inherited predisposition of lung cancer: a hierarchical modeling approach to DNA repair and cell cycle control pathways. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 16:2736-44. [PMID: 18086781 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA repair systems maintain the integrity of the human genome and cell cycle checkpoints are a critical component of the cellular response to DNA damage. We hypothesized that genetic variants in DNA repair and cell cycle control pathways will influence the predisposition to lung cancer, and studied 27 variants in 17 DNA repair enzymes and 10 variants in eight cell cycle control genes in 1,604 lung cancer patients and 2,053 controls. To improve the estimation of risks for specific variants, we applied a Bayesian approach in which we allowed the prior knowledge regarding the evolutionary biology and physicochemical properties of the variant to be incorporated into the hierarchical model. Based on the estimation from the hierarchical modeling, subjects who carried OGG1 326C/326C homozygotes, MGMT 143V or 178R, and CHEK2 157I had an odds ratio of lung cancer equal to 1.45 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.05-2.00], 1.18 (95% CI, 1.01-1.40), and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.14-2.17). The association of CHEK2 157I seems to be overestimated in the conventional analysis. Nevertheless, this association seems to be robust in the hierarchical modeling. None of the pathways seem to have a prominent effect. In general, our study supports the notion that sequence variation may explain at least some of the variation of inherited susceptibility. In particular, further investigation of OGG1, MGMT, and CHEK2 focusing on the genetic regions where the present markers are located or the haplotype blocks tightly linked with these markers might be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayjean J Hung
- IARC, 150 cours Albert Thomas, F-69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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18
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Hung RJ, Boffetta P, Canzian F, Moullan N, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Zaridze D, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Mates D, Foretova L, Janout V, Bencko V, Chabrier A, Landi S, Gemignani F, Hall J, Brennan P. Sequence variants in cell cycle control pathway, X-ray exposure, and lung cancer risk: a multicenter case-control study in Central Europe. Cancer Res 2007; 66:8280-6. [PMID: 16912209 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) results in various types of DNA damage and is a suspected cause of lung cancer. An essential cellular machinery against DNA damage is cell cycle control, which is regulated by several genes, including TP53, CCND1, and CDKN2A. Therefore, we hypothesized that the genetic variants in these three genes influence the predisposition of lung cancer (i.e., CCND1 G870A, CDKN2A Ala(148)Thr, TP53 Arg(72)Pro, and 16-bp repeat in intron 3) and that the effect of X-ray on lung cancer risk can be modified by the presence of these genetic variations. The study was conducted in 15 centers in 6 countries of Central Europe between 1998 and 2002. A total of 2,238 cases and 2,289 controls were recruited and provided DNA samples. Cases with positive family history were analyzed separately. The joint effect of X-ray and previous risk genotypes was assessed, and modification by sequence variants on X-ray dose-response relationship with lung cancer risk was evaluated. We found an overall effect of TP53 intron 3 16-bp repeats [odds ratio (OR), 1.99; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.27-3.13], which was stronger among cases with family history of lung cancer (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.29-6.87). In addition, our results suggested an interaction that was greater than multiplicativity between TP53 intron 3 16-bp repeats and multiple X-ray exposures (interaction OR, 5.69; 95% CI, 1.33-24.3). We did not observe a main effect of CCND1 G870A polymorphism; however, the dose-response relationship between lung cancer risk and X-ray exposures was modified by CCND1 genotype with no risk from X-ray exposures among subjects who carried G/G genotype, intermediate risk [trend OR for X-ray, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.27) among subjects with G/A genotype, and highest risk [trend OR for X-ray, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.12-1.49) among subjects with A/A genotype. Sequence variants in cell cycle control pathway may increase the risk of lung cancer and modify the risk conferred by multiple X-ray exposures. However, a definite conclusion can only be drawn on replication by different studies among individuals who are highly exposed to IR.
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Hung RJ, Hashibe M, McKay J, Gaborieau V, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Zaridze D, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Mates I, Foretova L, Janout V, Bencko V, Chabrier A, Moullan N, Canzian F, Hall J, Boffetta P, Brennan P. Folate-related genes and the risk of tobacco-related cancers in Central Europe. Carcinogenesis 2007; 28:1334-40. [PMID: 17389614 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate has been hypothesized to protect against aero-digestive cancers although the evidence is not yet conclusive due to possible confounding by other dietary factors. Sequence variants in folate pathway were suggested to be associated with plasma folate levels and are unlikely to be confounded by other lifestyle factors. We therefore investigated the effects of key folate genetic variants on the risk of aero-digestive cancers and their potential effect modification by folate intake in a multicenter study in Central Europe. A total of 2250 lung cases, 811 upper aero-digestive tract cases and 2899 controls were recruited with blood samples. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T variant was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer with an odds ratio (OR) for homozygote variant of 1.37 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10-1.71]. The two MTHFR variants were in strong linkage disequilibrium, and 677T-1298A appeared to be the primary haplotype associated with cancer risk. The risk estimates for MTHFR 677T/677T genotype was more prominent among lung cancer patients with young onset (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.12-3.29). When stratified by dietary intake of folate, the effect of the MTHFR 677T variant was more prominent among subjects with low intake of folate: the ORs for 677T/677T genotype among subjects with the lowest decile were 2.60 (95% CI = 1.39-4.88) and 4.14 (95% CI = 1.47-11.7) for lung and upper aero-digestive tract cancer, respectively. In conclusion, we identified a moderate effect of MTHFR C677T on lung cancer risk and a possible effect modification by folate intake that is consistent with the functional data. These results support an important role of folate in protecting against tobacco-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayjean J Hung
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, F-69372, 69008, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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20
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Hall J, Hashibe M, Boffetta P, Gaborieau V, Moullan N, Chabrier A, Zaridze D, Shangina O, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Mates D, Janout V, Fabiánová E, Holcatova I, Hung RJ, McKay J, Canzian F, Brennan P. The association of sequence variants in DNA repair and cell cycle genes with cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. Carcinogenesis 2006; 28:665-71. [PMID: 17040931 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgl160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), comprising the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and oesophagus, account for 5.2% of all cancers cases worldwide. The major risk factors, tobacco and alcohol can directly or indirectly generate DNA damage, which if unrepaired can give rise to mutations, unregulated cell growth and apoptosis induction. To clarify the role of DNA repair and cell cycle control proteins in UADT cancer susceptibility, we studied the risk in relation to 28 SNPs in 18 DNA repair enzymes and 9 SNPs in 7 cell cycle control genes. A case-control study was conducted from 2000 to 2002 in six centers from Romania, Poland, Russia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the UADT (n=811) and controls with a recent diagnosis of diseases unrelated to tobacco and alcohol (n=1083) were recruited. For UADT cancer risk, associations were observed for the homozygous carriers of the variant alleles of MGMT L84F [odds ratio (OR) 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32-4.20], MGMT 171C > T (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.20-4.17) and OGG1 S326C (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.15-3.73) whilst three variants were associated with a protective effect (XPA 23G > A, P for trend 0.022, APEX Q51H, P for trend 0.036, CHEK2 intron 9-200T > C, P for trend 0.009). Several other sequence variants showed associations with specific cancers without an overall association with UADT cancer. While some of these associations are consistent with previous studies, we cannot rule out the possibility of false-positive associations. The positive findings should be explored in another large-scale study on UADT cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Hall
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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21
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Brem R, Cox DG, Chapot B, Moullan N, Romestaing P, Gérard JP, Pisani P, Hall J. The XRCC1 -77T->C variant: haplotypes, breast cancer risk, response to radiotherapy and the cellular response to DNA damage. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27:2469-74. [PMID: 16829685 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgl114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1) is required for single-strand break repair in human cells and several polymorphisms in this gene have been implicated in cancer risk and clinical prognostic factors. We examined the frequency of the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) variant -77T-->C (rs 3213235) in 247 French breast cancer (BC) patients, 66 of whom were adverse radiotherapy responders, and 380 controls and determined the haplotypes based on this and the previously genotyped variants Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln. The -77T-->C variant alone showed no significant association with BC risk or therapeutic radiation sensitivity. The H5 haplotype (variant allele codon 280, wild-type allele other positions) was associated with increased BC risk [odds ratio (OR), 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.23] and the H3 haplotype (wild-type allele all four positions) was inversely associated with therapeutic radiation sensitivity compared with the reference group (H1 haplotype, -77C, wild-type allele codons 194, 280, 399) (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.16-0.92). However given that the global tests for association were not significant these results should be interpreted carefully. Lymphoblastoid cell lines heterozygous for the H1/H3 haplotypes had a significantly higher cell survival (P=0.04) after exposure to ionising radiation (IR) than those with the H1/H1 haplotypes, in agreement with the association study. However no haplotype-specific differences in XRCC1 expression or cell cycle progression were noted in the 24 h following IR exposure. These results suggest that the -77T-->C genotype or another variant in linkage disequilibrium influences the cellular response to DNA damage, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Brem
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
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22
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Hashibe M, Boffetta P, Zaridze D, Shangina O, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Mates D, Janout V, Fabiánová E, Bencko V, Moullan N, Chabrier A, Hung R, Hall J, Canzian F, Brennan P. Evidence for an Important Role of Alcohol- and Aldehyde-Metabolizing Genes in Cancers of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 15:696-703. [PMID: 16614111 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence and mortality rates of upper aerodigestive tract cancers in Central Europe are among the highest in the world and have increased substantially in recent years. This increase is likely to be due to patterns of alcohol and tobacco consumption. Genetic susceptibility to upper aerodigestive tract cancer in relation to such exposures is an important aspect that should be investigated among populations in this region. METHODS A multicenter case-control study comprising 811 upper aerodigestive tract cancer cases and 1,083 controls was conducted in: Bucharest (Romania), Lodz (Poland), Moscow (Russia), Banska Bystrika (Slovakia), and Olomouc and Prague (Czech Republic). We analyzed six SNPs in three genes related to ethanol metabolism: alcohol dehydrogenase 1B and 1C (ADH1B, ADH1C) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). RESULTS The ADH1B histidine allele at codon 48 was associated with a decreased risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer; odds ratios (OR) were 0.36 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.17-0.77] for medium/heavy drinkers and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.36-0.91) for never/light drinkers. Moderately increased risks were observed for the ADH1C (350)Val allele (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.98-1.55) and ADH1C (272)Gln allele (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.98-1.55). Medium/heavy drinkers who were heterozygous or homozygous at ALDH2 nucleotide position 248 were at a significantly increased risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.13-2.75; OR, 5.79; 95% CI, 1.49-22.5, respectively), with a significant dose response for carrying variant alleles (P = 0.0007). Similar results were observed for the ALDH2 +82A>G and ALDH2 -261C>T polymorphisms. When results were analyzed by subsite, strong main effects were observed for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus for all six variants. Among the 30% of the population who were carriers of at least one ALDH2 variant, the attributable fraction among carriers (AF(c)) was 24.2% (5.7-38.3%) for all upper aerodigestive tract cancers, increasing to 58.7% (41.2-71.0%) for esophageal cancer. Among carriers who drank alcohol at least thrice to four times a week, the AF(c) for having at least one ALDH2 variant was 49% (21.3-66.8%) for all upper aerodigestive tract cancers, increasing to 68.9% (42.9-83.1%) for esophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in the ADH1B and ALDH2 genes are associated with upper aerodigestive tract cancer in Central European populations and interact substantially with alcohol consumption.
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23
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Brennan P, Hsu CC, Moullan N, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Zaridze D, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Mates D, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Gemignani F, Chabrier A, Hall J, Hung RJ, Boffetta P, Canzian F. Effect of cruciferous vegetables on lung cancer in patients stratified by genetic status: a mendelian randomisation approach. Lancet 2005; 366:1558-60. [PMID: 16257343 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Whether consumption of cruciferous vegetables protects against lung cancer is unclear, largely because of potential confounding factors. We therefore studied the role of cruciferous vegetables in lung cancer after stratifying by GSTM1 and GSTT1 status, two genes implicated in the elimination of isothiocyanates, the likely chemopreventative compound. In 2141 cases and 2168 controls, weekly consumption of cruciferous vegetables protected against lung cancer in those who were GSTM1 null (odds ratio=0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.91), GSTT1 null (0.63, 0.37-1.07), or both (0.28, 0.11-0.67). No protective effect was seen in people who were both GSTM1 and GSTT1 positive (0.88, 0.65-1.21). Similar protective results were noted for consumption of cabbage and a combination of broccoli and brussels sprouts. These data provide strong evidence for a substantial protective effect of cruciferous vegetable consumption on lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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24
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Hall J, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Angèle S, Fernet M, Moullan N, Dörk T, Stoppa-Lyonnet D. Re: correspondence from Dr. Michael Swift, Disease Insight Research Foundation, concerning Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Fernet M, Dörk T, Bremer M, Lauge A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Moullan N, Angèle S, Hall J, “Functional consequences of the ATM sequence variants for. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Angèle S, Falconer A, Edwards SM, Dörk T, Bremer M, Moullan N, Chapot B, Muir K, Houlston R, Norman AR, Bullock S, Hope Q, Meitz J, Dearnaley D, Dowe A, Southgate C, Ardern-Jones A, Easton DF, Eeles RA, Hall J. ATM polymorphisms as risk factors for prostate cancer development. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:783-7. [PMID: 15280931 PMCID: PMC2364767 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of prostate cancer is known to be elevated in carriers of germline mutations in BRCA2, and possibly also in carriers of BRCA1 and CHEK2 mutations. These genes are components of the ATM-dependent DNA damage signalling pathways. To evaluate the hypothesis that variants in ATM itself might be associated with prostate cancer risk, we genotyped five ATM variants in DNA from 637 prostate cancer patients and 445 controls with no family history of cancer. No significant differences in the frequency of the variant alleles at 5557G>A (D1853N), 5558A>T (D1853V), ivs38-8t>c and ivs38-15g>c were found between the cases and controls. The 3161G (P1054R) variant allele was, however, significantly associated with an increased risk of developing prostate cancer (any G vs CC OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.17–3.87, P=0.016). A lymphoblastoid cell line carrying both the 3161G and the 2572C (858L) variant in the homozygote state shows a cell cycle progression profile after exposure to ionising radiation that is significantly different to that seen in cell lines carrying a wild-type ATM gene. These results provide evidence that the presence of common variants in the ATM gene, may confer an altered cellular phenotype, and that the ATM 3161C>G variant might be associated with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Angèle
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - A Falconer
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - S M Edwards
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - T Dörk
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School Hannover, Podbielskistr. 380, D-30659 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Bremer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - N Moullan
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - B Chapot
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - K Muir
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - R Houlston
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - A R Norman
- Royal Marsden NHS Trust, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - S Bullock
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Q Hope
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - J Meitz
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - D Dearnaley
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Trust, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - A Dowe
- Royal Marsden NHS Trust, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - C Southgate
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - A Ardern-Jones
- Royal Marsden NHS Trust, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - D F Easton
- Cancer Research UK, Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - R A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - J Hall
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69373 Lyon, France
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69373 Lyon, France. E-mail:
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26
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Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Fernet M, Dörk T, Bremer M, Lauge A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Moullan N, Angèle S, Hall J. Functional consequences of ATM sequence variants for chromosomal radiosensitivity. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2004; 40:109-19. [PMID: 15101044 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATM [for ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) mutated] protein plays a key role in the detection and cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been described in the ATM gene; however, their association with cancer risk or radiosensitivity remains to be fully established. In this study, the functional consequences of specific ATM SNPs on in vitro radiosensitivity, as assessed by micronuclei (MN) formation, were measured in lymphoblastoid cell lines established from 10 breast cancer (BC) patients carrying different ATM missense SNPs, six A-T patients, six A-T heterozygotes (A-T het), and six normal individuals. The BC, A-T het, and A-T cell line groups showed significantly higher mean levels of MN formation after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) than did the group containing normal cell lines, with similar levels in the BC and A-T het groups. Within the BC lines studied, the group composed of the six carrying the linked 2572T>C (858F>L) and 3161C>G (1054P>R) variants had a higher level of MN after IR exposure compared to that observed in the remaining four BC or in the normal cell lines. This increase was not related to the constitutive ATM mRNA level, which was similar in these BC and the normal cell lines. Our results indicate that alterations in the ATM gene, including the presence of heterozygous mutations and the 2572C and 3161G variant alleles, are associated with increased in vitro chromosomal radiosensitivity, perhaps by interfering with ATM function in a dominant-negative manner.
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MESH Headings
- Ataxia Telangiectasia/genetics
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cell Division/radiation effects
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromosomes/radiation effects
- DNA/genetics
- DNA/radiation effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/radiation effects
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Genetic Variation/genetics
- Genetic Variation/physiology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Lymphocytes/pathology
- Lymphocytes/virology
- Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/genetics
- Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/radiation effects
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/physiology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Radiation Tolerance/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Gemignani F, Moreno V, Landi S, Moullan N, Chabrier A, Gutiérrez-Enríquez S, Hall J, Guino E, Peinado MA, Capella G, Canzian F. A TP53 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer and with reduced levels of TP53 mRNA. Oncogene 2004; 23:1954-6. [PMID: 14647431 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a case-control study to examine the possible associations of the TP53 variants Arg > Pro at codon 72 and p53PIN3, a 16 bp insertion/duplication in intron 3, with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The p53PIN3 A2 allele (16 bp duplication) was associated with an increased risk (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.10-2.18, P = 0.012), of the same order of magnitude as that observed in previous studies for other types of cancer. The Pro72 allele was weakly associated with CRC (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 0.98-1.84, P = 0.066). The possible functional role of p53PIN3 was investigated by examining the TP53 mRNA transcripts in 15 lymphoblastoid cell lines with different genotypes. The possibility that the insertion/deletion could lead to alternatively spliced mRNAs was excluded. However, we found reduced levels of TP53 mRNA associated with the A2 allele. In conclusion, the epidemiological study suggests a role for p53PIN3 in tumorigenesis, supported by the in vitro characterization of this variant.
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Fernet M, Moullan N, Lauge A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Hall J. Cellular responses to ionising radiation of AT heterozygotes: differences between missense and truncating mutation carriers. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:866-73. [PMID: 14970866 PMCID: PMC2410162 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been estimated that approximately 1% of the general population are ataxia telangiectasia (AT) mutated (ATM) heterozygotes. The ATM protein plays a central role in DNA-damage response pathways; however, the functional consequences of the presence of either heterozygous truncating or missense mutations on ATM expression and the ionising radiation (IR)-induced cellular phenotype remain to be fully determined. To investigate this relationship, the ATM mRNA and protein levels and several cellular end points were characterised in 14 AT heterozygote (AT het) lymphoblastoid cell lines, compared to normal and AT homozygote lines. The AT het cell lines displayed a wide range of IR-induced responses: despite lower average levels of ATM mRNA and protein expression compared to normal cells, 13 out of 14 were capable of phosphorylating the ATM substrates p53-ser15 and Chk2, leading to a normal cell cycle progression after irradiation. However, cell survival was lower than in the normal cell lines. The presence of a missense compared to a truncating mutation was associated with lower cell survival after exposure to 2 Gy irradiation (P=0.005), and a higher level of ATM mRNA expression (P=0.047). Our results underline the difficulty in establishing a reliable test for determining ATM heterozygosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernet
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - N Moullan
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | - A Lauge
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - D Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - J Hall
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France. E-mail:
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Angèle S, Romestaing P, Moullan N, Vuillaume M, Chapot B, Friesen M, Jongmans W, Cox DG, Pisani P, Gérard JP, Hall J. ATM haplotypes and cellular response to DNA damage: association with breast cancer risk and clinical radiosensitivity. Cancer Res 2003; 63:8717-25. [PMID: 14695186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The ATM gene, mutated in the cancer-prone and radiation-sensitive syndrome ataxia-telangiectasia (AT), could predispose to breast cancer (BC) development and adverse radiotherapy responses. Sixteen ATM variants were genotyped in 254 BC cases, 70 of whom were adverse radiotherapy responders (RS-BC), and 312 control subjects and the ATM haplotypes were constructed. Constitutive ATM protein, cell survival, and the p53 response after exposure to ionizing radiation were compared in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) established from the BC cases, AT, and normal individuals. The tightly linked intronic ATM polymorphisms IVS22-77 T>C and IVS48 + 238 C>G, in the homozygote state were associated with increased BC risk [IVS22-77 CC versus TT odds ratio (OR), 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-2.81], and in the heterozygote state with clinical radioprotection (IVS22-77 CT versus TT OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24-0.85). Homozygote carriers of the G5557A variant were over-represented in RS-BC cases compared with non-RS-BC cases (OR, 6.76; 95% CI, 1.19-38.43). These three single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with the three major ATM haplotypes present in >80% of the study population. BC LCLs treated with ionizing radiation exhibited an intermediate cell survival and p53 response between that of normal and AT LCLs, with the response in the RS-BC LCLs being more compromised than in the non-RS-BC LCLs. Our study suggests a general pattern of increased BC risk associated with carrying any one of the ATM variants studied, with a significant association being observed in individuals carrying variants on both ATM alleles (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.09-2.81) and that ATM variants may impact on radiation sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Angèle
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex, France
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Moullan N, Cox DG, Angèle S, Romestaing P, Gérard JP, Hall J. Polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene XRCC1, breast cancer risk, and response to radiotherapy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2003; 12:1168-74. [PMID: 14652276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The study goal was to examine the association of three polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln) involved in repairing DNA damage produced by ionizing radiation, a known breast cancer (BC) risk factor, with BC incidence and the possibility of developing an adverse radiotherapy response. Genomic DNA from 254 BC cases, 70 of whom were adverse radiotherapy responders [radiation-sensitive breast cancer (RS-BC) patients], and 312 female blood donors were genotyped using either TaqMan technology or variant specific restriction enzyme digestion. Neither the exon 6 codon 194Trp allele [BC versus controls: odds ratio (OR), 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62-1.67] nor the exon 10 codon 399Gln allele (BC versus controls: OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.74-1.23) alone was associated with an increased BC risk. The exon 9 codon 280His allele was associated with an increased risk (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.07-3.05) in both the radiation-sensitive and non-radiation-sensitive cases and, in combination with the 399Gln allele, was found more frequently in cases than in controls (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.04-6.22). The exon 6 194Trp allele was associated with the risk of developing an adverse response to radiotherapy (RS-BC versus non-radiation-sensitive BC: OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 0.92-4.17). This allele, in combination with the 399Gln allele, was found more frequently in RS-BC cases than in the non-radiation-sensitive BC cases (OR, 4.33; 95% CI, 1.24-15.12). Distinct combinations of XRCC1 polymorphisms appear to be associated with either an increased BC risk or the possibility of developing an adverse radiotherapy response seen in some BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Moullan
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, Cedex, France
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Mauget-Faÿsse M, Vuillaume M, Quaranta M, Moullan N, Angèle S, Friesen MD, Hall J. Idiopathic and radiation-induced ocular telangiectasia: the involvement of the ATM gene. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003; 44:3257-62. [PMID: 12882767 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.02-1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether individuals, with no family history of ataxia telangiectasia (AT), in whom idiopathic or radiation-induced ocular telangiectasia developed are carriers of ATM gene mutations. METHODS The ATM cDNA from lymphoblastoid cell lines established from 16 patients with idiopathic retinal or choroidal telangiectasia and 14 patients with radiation-induced telangiectasia after radiotherapy for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was screened using the restriction endonuclease fingerprinting technique. The frequency of each detected variant was determined in the French population by either a mass spectrometry-based technique or variant-specific endonuclease digestion. RESULTS Twenty-one ATM missense alterations, at 10 different sites, 8 of which would result in an amino acid substitution at a conserved position in the ATM protein were found. Four were novel changes, three of which were not detected in the 128 French control subjects screened. Eleven of 16 of the individuals with either idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy or juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis and 6 of 14 individuals that had choroidal telangiectasis after radiotherapy for AMD carried ATM sequence variants. These latter six individuals had a significantly shorter delay time before the presentation of this vasculopathy compared with those individuals who had a wild-type ATM (11.8 +/- 3.4 months vs. 17.5 +/- 4.5 months, P = 0.024). They had also received a lower average dose of X-rays, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (18.7 +/- 3.9 Gy vs. 23.7 +/- 5.6 Gy, P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS ATM missense variants could confer an AT-like phenotype and influence the formation of retinal and choroidal vascular abnormalities.
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Angèle S, Laugé A, Fernet M, Moullan N, Beauvais P, Couturier J, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Hall J. Phenotypic cellular characterization of an ataxia telangiectasia patient carrying a causal homozygous missense mutation. Hum Mutat 2003; 21:169-70. [PMID: 12552566 DOI: 10.1002/humu.9107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Most disease-causing mutations in Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) patients correspond to truncating mutations in the ATM gene with very few cases of AT patients carrying two missense sequence alterations being reported. The cellular phenotype of a lymphoblastoid cell line established from an AT patient (AT173) who showed classical clinical AT features, and carried two homozygous missense alterations, the 378T>A variant and 9022C>T located within the ATM kinase domain, has been characterized. ATM mRNA was detectable and the ATM protein level was approximately 50% of that seen in normal cell lines. Functional analysis of this protein revealed a total absence of ATM kinase activity measured either in vitro or in vivo, before and after exposure to ionizing radiation. The AT173 cell line was hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and exhibited a G1 cell cycle arrest defect and an accumulation of cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle after irradiation, a response that is identical to that seen in AT cell lines carrying truncating mutations. These phenotypic features strongly suggest that the 9022C>T (R3008C) missense mutation is the disease-causing mutation and that the presence of ATM protein is not always predictive of a normal cellular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Angèle
- DNA Repair Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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